1. Septuagint, Tobit, 6.13 (th cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Ioudaios • Jews/Judeans/Ioudaioi, and ethnicity in post-biblical texts • Jews/Judeans/Ioudaioi, and intermarriage in post-biblical texts • Jews/Judeans/Ioudaioi, in Tobit • Jews/Judeans/Ioudaioi, in diaspora
Found in books: Gruen (2020), Ethnicity in the Ancient World - Did it matter, 138; Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 197
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6.13 Then the young man said to the angel, "Brother Azarias, I have heard that the girl has been given to seven husbands and that each died in the bridal chamber.'' None |
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2. Hebrew Bible, Esther, 9.29-9.31 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Ioudaios • Jews/Judeans/Ioudaioi, in diaspora
Found in books: Gruen (2020), Ethnicity in the Ancient World - Did it matter, 119; Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 192
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9.29 וַתִּכְתֹּב אֶסְתֵּר הַמַּלְכָּה בַת־אֲבִיחַיִל וּמָרְדֳּכַי הַיְּהוּדִי אֶת־כָּל־תֹּקֶף לְקַיֵּם אֵת אִגֶּרֶת הַפּוּרִים הַזֹּאת הַשֵּׁנִית׃' '9.31 לְקַיֵּם אֵת־יְמֵי הַפֻּרִים הָאֵלֶּה בִּזְמַנֵּיהֶם כַּאֲשֶׁר קִיַּם עֲלֵיהֶם מָרְדֳּכַי הַיְּהוּדִי וְאֶסְתֵּר הַמַּלְכָּה וְכַאֲשֶׁר קִיְּמוּ עַל־נַפְשָׁם וְעַל־זַרְעָם דִּבְרֵי הַצֹּמוֹת וְזַעֲקָתָם׃'' None | sup>
9.29 Then Esther the queen, the daughter of Abihail, and Mordecai the Jew, wrote down all the acts of power, to confirm this second letter of Purim. 9.30 And he sent letters unto all the Jews, to the hundred twenty and seven provinces of the kingdom of Ahasuerus, with words of peace and truth, 9.31 to confirm these days of Purim in their appointed times, according as Mordecai the Jew and Esther the queen had enjoined them, and as they had ordained for themselves and for their seed, the matters of the fastings and their cry.'' None |
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3. Hebrew Bible, Jonah, 1.9 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Ioudaioi (use of the word) • Ioudaios
Found in books: Eckhardt (2011), Jewish Identity and Politics Between the Maccabees and Bar Kokhba: Groups, Normativity, and Rituals. 26; Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 149
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1.9 וַיֹּאמֶר אֲלֵיהֶם עִבְרִי אָנֹכִי וְאֶת־יְהוָה אֱלֹהֵי הַשָּׁמַיִם אֲנִי יָרֵא אֲשֶׁר־עָשָׂה אֶת־הַיָּם וְאֶת־הַיַּבָּשָׁה׃'' None | sup>
1.9 And he said unto them: ‘I am an Hebrew; and I fear the LORD, the God of heaven, who hath made the sea and the dry land.’'' None |
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4. None, None, nan (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Ioudaioi (use of the word) • Ioudaios • Ioudaios, ethnic label
Found in books: Eckhardt (2011), Jewish Identity and Politics Between the Maccabees and Bar Kokhba: Groups, Normativity, and Rituals. 19; Potter Suh and Holladay (2021), Hellenistic Jewish Literature and the New Testament: Collected Essays, 172; Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 149
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5. None, None, nan (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Ioudaios • Jews/Judeans/Ioudaioi, and intermarriage in post-biblical texts
Found in books: Gruen (2020), Ethnicity in the Ancient World - Did it matter, 123; Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 146, 190, 191
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6. Septuagint, 1 Maccabees, 1.1-1.2, 1.11, 8.23 (2nd cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Ioudaios • Jews/Judeans/Ioudaioi, and ethnicity in post-biblical texts
Found in books: Gruen (2020), Ethnicity in the Ancient World - Did it matter, 132, 134; Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 146, 210
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1.1 After Alexander son of Philip, the Macedonian, who came from the land of Kittim, had defeated Darius, king of the Persians and the Medes, he succeeded him as king. (He had previously become king of Greece.) 1.2 He fought many battles, conquered strongholds, and put to death the kings of the earth.
1.11 In those days lawless men came forth from Israel, and misled many, saying, "Let us go and make a covet with the Gentiles round about us, for since we separated from them many evils have come upon us."
8.23 May all go well with the Romans and with the nation of the Jews at sea and on land for ever, and may sword and enemy be far from them.'' None |
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7. Septuagint, 2 Maccabees, 1.3-1.4, 6.6 (2nd cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Ioudaios • Jews/Judeans/Ioudaioi, and ethnicity in post-biblical texts
Found in books: Gruen (2020), Ethnicity in the Ancient World - Did it matter, 135; Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 204, 207
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1.3 May he give you all a heart to worship him and to do his will with a strong heart and a willing spirit."' "1.4 May he open your heart to his law and his commandments, and may he bring peace.'" "
6.6 A man could neither keep the sabbath, nor observe the feasts of his fathers, nor so much as confess himself to be a Jew.'"' None |
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8. Septuagint, Wisdom of Solomon, 13.10-13.13 (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Ioudaios • Jews/Judeans/Ioudaioi, and idolatry
Found in books: Gruen (2020), Ethnicity in the Ancient World - Did it matter, 198; Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 206
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13.10 But miserable, with their hopes set on dead things, are the men who give the name "gods" to the works of mens hands,gold and silver fashioned with skill,and likenesses of animals,or a useless stone, the work of an ancient hand.
13.10 But sinners shall be taken away into destruction, And their memorial shall be found no more. 13.11 But upon the pious is the mercy of the Lord, And upon them that fear Him His mercy. 13.11 A skilled woodcutter may saw down a tree easy to handle and skilfully strip off all its bark,and then with pleasing workmanship make a useful vessel that serves lifes needs, 13.12 and burn the castoff pieces of his work to prepare his food, and eat his fill. 13.13 But a castoff piece from among them, useful for nothing,a stick crooked and full of knots,he takes and carves with care in his leisure,and shapes it with skill gained in idleness;he forms it like the image of a man,'' None |
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9. Philo of Alexandria, On The Migration of Abraham, 20 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Ioudaios • Jews/Judeans/Ioudaioi, and ethnicity in Philo
Found in books: Gruen (2020), Ethnicity in the Ancient World - Did it matter, 153; Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 149
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20 so that such a man is not a subject but a ruler of Egypt, that is to say of the whole region of the body; so that "he boasted of being of the race of the Hebrews," who were accustomed to rise up and leave the objects of the outward senses, and to go over to those of the intellect; for the name Hebrew, being interpreted, means "one who passes over," because he boasted that "here he had done Nothing." For to do nothing of those things which are thought much of among the wicked, but to hate them all and reject them, is praiseworthy in no slight degree; '' None |
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10. Philo of Alexandria, That Every Good Person Is Free, 75 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Ioudaios • Jews/Judeans/Ioudaioi, and intermarriage in post-biblical texts • Jews/Judeans/Ioudaioi, as compared with Greeks and barbarians • Jews/Judeans/Ioudaioi, in Alexandria
Found in books: Gruen (2020), Ethnicity in the Ancient World - Did it matter, 36, 38, 159; Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 147
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75 Moreover Palestine and Syria too are not barren of exemplary wisdom and virtue, which countries no slight portion of that most populous nation of the Jews inhabits. There is a portion of those people called Essenes, in number something more than four thousand in my opinion, who derive their name from their piety, though not according to any accurate form of the Grecian dialect, because they are above all men devoted to the service of God, not sacrificing living animals, but studying rather to preserve their own minds in a state of holiness and purity. '' None |
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11. Josephus Flavius, Jewish Antiquities, 11.123, 13.1, 14.9, 14.117, 14.187, 18.4, 20.123 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Ioudaios • Ioudaios (Hebraios), as ethnic label • Jews/Judeans/Ioudaioi, and ethnic vocabulary in Josephus • Jews/Judeans/Ioudaioi, as compared with Greeks and barbarians
Found in books: Gruen (2020), Ethnicity in the Ancient World - Did it matter, 40, 168, 170, 172, 179, 180; Salvesen et al. (2020), Israel in Egypt: The Land of Egypt as Concept and Reality for Jews in Antiquity and the Early Medieval Period, 314; Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 146, 192, 216
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11.123 ὁ δὲ βασιλεὺς γράφει πρὸς τοὺς σατράπας ἐπιστολὴν τοιάνδε: “βασιλεὺς βασιλέων Ξέρξης ̓́Εζδρᾳ ἱερεῖ καὶ ἀναγνώστῃ τῶν τοῦ θεοῦ νόμων χαίρειν. τῆς ἐμαυτοῦ φιλανθρωπίας ἔργον εἶναι νομίσας τὸ τοὺς βουλομένους ἐκ τοῦ ̓Ιουδαίων ἔθνους καὶ Λευιτῶν ὄντων ἐν τῇ ἡμετέρᾳ βασιλείᾳ συναπαίρειν εἰς τὰ ̔Ιεροσόλυμα, τοῦτο προσέταξα, καὶ ὁ βουλόμενος ἀπίτω,' "
13.1 ̓Ιωνάθης δὲ γνοὺς τὸν Βακχίδην ἐπ' αὐτὸν ἥκοντα πέμπει τὸν ἀδελφὸν ̓Ιωάννην τὸν καὶ Γάδδειν λεγόμενον πρὸς τοὺς Ναβαταίους ̓́Αραβας, ἵνα παρ' αὐτοῖς ἀποθῆται τὴν ἀποσκευὴν ἕως οὗ πολεμήσουσι πρὸς Βακχίδην: ἦσαν γὰρ φίλοι." "
13.1 Τίνα μὲν οὖν τρόπον τὸ τῶν ̓Ιουδαίων ἔθνος καταδουλωσαμένων αὐτὸ τῶν Μακεδόνων ἀνεκτήσατο τὴν ἐλευθερίαν καὶ δι' ὅσων καὶ πηλίκων ἀγώνων ὁ στρατηγὸς αὐτῶν ἐλθὼν ̓Ιούδας ἀπέθανεν ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν μαχόμενος, ἐν τῇ πρὸ ταύτης βίβλῳ δεδηλώκαμεν." "
13.1 ἀπέσχετο δ' οὐδὲ τοῦ Δαγῶνος ἱεροῦ, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοῦτ' ἐνέπρησεν καὶ τοὺς εἰς αὐτὸ συμφυγόντας διέφθειρεν. τὸ δὲ πᾶν πλῆθος τῶν ἐν τῇ μάχῃ πεσόντων καὶ καταφλεγέντων ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ τῶν πολεμίων ἦσαν ὀκτακισχίλιοι." 14.9 Νικόλαος μέντοι φησὶν ὁ Δαμασκηνὸς τοῦτον εἶναι γένος ἐκ τῶν πρώτων ̓Ιουδαίων τῶν ἐκ Βαβυλῶνος εἰς τὴν ̓Ιουδαίαν ἀφικομένων. ταῦτα δὲ λέγει χαριζόμενος ̔Ηρώδῃ τῷ παιδὶ αὐτοῦ βασιλεῖ τῶν ̓Ιουδαίων ἐκ τύχης τινὸς γενομένῳ, περὶ οὗ κατὰ καιρὸν δηλώσομεν.' "
14.9 καὶ ταῦτα μὲν Γαβίνιος κατέσκαψεν. τῆς δ' ̓Αλεξάνδρου μητρὸς πρὸς αὐτὸν ἐλθούσης, ἣ ἐφρόνει τὰ ̔Ρωμαίων τοῦ τε ἀνδρὸς αὐτῆς καὶ τῶν ἄλλων τέκνων ἐν ̔Ρώμῃ ἐχομένων, συνεχώρησεν αὐτῇ ταῦτα ἅπερ ἠξίου, καὶ διοικησάμενος τὰ πρὸς αὐτὴν ̔Υρκανὸν κατήγαγεν εἰς ̔Ιεροσόλυμα σχήσοντα τὴν τοῦ ἱεροῦ ἐπιμέλειαν." 14.117 ἐν γοῦν Αἰγύπτῳ κατοικία τῶν ̓Ιουδαίων ἐστὶν ἀποδεδειγμένη χωρὶς καὶ τῆς ̓Αλεξανδρέων πόλεως ἀφώρισται μέγα μέρος τῷ ἔθνει τούτῳ. καθίσταται δὲ καὶ ἐθνάρχης αὐτῶν, ὃς διοικεῖ τε τὸ ἔθνος καὶ διαιτᾷ κρίσεις καὶ συμβολαίων ἐπιμελεῖται καὶ προσταγμάτων, ὡς ἂν πολιτείας ἄρχων αὐτοτελοῦς.' "
14.187 ἐπεὶ δὲ πολλοὶ διὰ τὴν πρὸς ἡμᾶς δυσμένειαν ἀπιστοῦσι τοῖς ὑπὸ Περσῶν καὶ Μακεδόνων ἀναγεγραμμένοις περὶ ἡμῶν τῷ μηκέτ' αὐτὰ πανταχοῦ μηδ' ἐν τοῖς δημοσίοις ἀποκεῖσθαι τόποις, ἀλλὰ παρ' ἡμῖν τε αὐτοῖς καί τισιν ἄλλοις τῶν βαρβάρων," "
18.4 ̓Ιούδας δὲ Γαυλανίτης ἀνὴρ ἐκ πόλεως ὄνομα Γάμαλα Σάδδωκον Φαρισαῖον προσλαβόμενος ἠπείγετο ἐπὶ ἀποστάσει, τήν τε ἀποτίμησιν οὐδὲν ἄλλο ἢ ἄντικρυς δουλείαν ἐπιφέρειν λέγοντες καὶ τῆς ἐλευθερίας ἐπ' ἀντιλήψει παρακαλοῦντες τὸ ἔθνος:" "
18.4 Φραάτης παίδων αὐτῷ γενομένων γνησίων ̓Ιταλικῆς παιδίσκης * ὄνομα αὐτῇ Θεσμοῦσα. ταύτῃ ὑπὸ ̓Ιουλίου Καίσαρος μετ' ἄλλων δωρεῶν ἀπεσταλμένῃ τὸ μὲν πρῶτον παλλακίδι ἐχρῆτο, καταπλαγεὶς δὲ τῷ πολλῷ τῆς εὐμορφίας προϊόντος τοῦ χρόνου καὶ παιδὸς αὐτῇ τοῦ Φραατάκου γενομένου γαμετήν τε τὴν ἄνθρωπον ἀποφαίνεται καὶ τιμίαν ἦγεν." 20.123 οἱ δὲ πρῶτοι κατὰ τιμὴν καὶ γένος τῶν ̔Ιεροσολυμιτῶν, ὡς εἶδον εἰς οἷον κακῶν μέγεθος ἥκουσιν, μετενδυσάμενοι σάκκους καὶ σποδοῦ τὰς κεφαλὰς ἀναπλήσαντες παντοῖοι τοὺς ἀφεστῶτας παρακαλοῦντες ἦσαν καὶ πείθοντες πρὸ ὀφθαλμῶν θεμένους κατασκαφησομένην μὲν αὐτῶν τὴν πατρίδα, τὸ δὲ ἱερὸν πυρποληθησόμενον, αὐτῶν δὲ καὶ γυναικῶν σὺν τέκνοις ἀνδραποδισμοὺς ἐσομένους, μεταθέσθαι τὸν λογισμὸν καὶ τὰ ὅπλα ῥίψαντας ἠρεμεῖν εἰς τὸ λοιπὸν ἀποχωρήσαντας εἰς τὰ αὑτῶν.'' None | sup>
11.123 Accordingly, the king wrote the following epistle to those governors: “Xerxes, king of kings, to Esdras the priest, and reader of the divine law, greeting. I think it agreeable to that love which I bear to mankind, to permit those of the Jewish nation that are so disposed, as well as those of the priests and Levites that are in our kingdom, to go together to Jerusalem.
13.1 1. By what means the nation of the Jews recovered their freedom when they had been brought into slavery by the Macedonians, and what struggles, and how many great battles, Judas, the general of their army, ran through, till he was slain as he was fighting for them, hath been related in the foregoing book;
13.1 But when Jonathan knew that Bacchides Was coming upon him, he sent his brother John, who was also called Gaddis, to the Nabatean Arabs, that he might lodge his baggage with them until the battle with Bacchides should be over, for they were the Jews’ friends.
13.1 nor did he abstain from the temple of Dagon itself, but burnt it also, and destroyed those that had fled to it. Now the entire multitude of the enemies that fell in the battle, and were consumed in the temple, were eight thousand.
14.9 It is true that Nicolatls of Damascus says, that Antipater was of the stock of the principal Jews who came out of Babylon into Judea; but that assertion of his was to gratify Herod, who was his son, and who, by certain revolutions of fortune, came afterward to be king of the Jews, whose history we shall give you in its proper place hereafter.
14.9 which fortresses Gabinius demolished. But when Alexander’s mother, who was of the side of the Romans, as having her husband and other children at Rome, came to him, he granted her whatsoever she asked;
14.117 Accordingly, the Jews have places assigned them in Egypt, wherein they inhabit, besides what is peculiarly allotted to this nation at Alexandria, which is a large part of that city. There is also an ethnarch allowed them, who governs the nation, and distributes justice to them, and takes care of their contracts, and of the laws to them belonging, as if he were the ruler of a free republic.
14.187 for whereas many will not believe what hath been written about us by the Persians and Macedonians, because those writings are not every where to be met with, nor do lie in public places, but among us ourselves, and certain other barbarous nations,
18.4 When Phraates had had legitimate sons of his own, he had also an Italian maid-servant, whose name was Thermusa, who had been formerly sent to him by Julius Caesar, among other presents. He first made her his concubine; but he being a great admirer of her beauty, in process of time having a son by her, whose name was Phraataces, he made her his legitimate wife, and had a great respect for her.
18.4 Yet was there one Judas, a Gaulonite, of a city whose name was Gamala, who, taking with him Sadduc, a Pharisee, became zealous to draw them to a revolt, who both said that this taxation was no better than an introduction to slavery, and exhorted the nation to assert their liberty;
20.123 whereupon those that were the most eminent persons at Jerusalem, and that both in regard to the respect that was paid them, and the families they were of, as soon as they saw to what a height things were gone, put on sackcloth, and heaped ashes upon their heads, and by all possible means besought the seditious, and persuaded them that they would set before their eyes the utter subversion of their country, the conflagration of their temple, and the slavery of themselves, their wives, and children, which would be the consequences of what they were doing; and would alter their minds, would cast away their weapons, and for the future be quiet, and return to their own homes. These persuasions of theirs prevailed upon them.'' None |
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12. Josephus Flavius, Against Apion, 1.173, 1.179 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Ioudaios • Jews/Judeans/Ioudaioi, and ethnic vocabulary in Josephus • Jews/Judeans/Ioudaioi, in diaspora
Found in books: Gruen (2020), Ethnicity in the Ancient World - Did it matter, 168, 171; Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 191, 210
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1.173 τῶν δ' ὄπιθεν διέβαινε γένος θαυμαστὸν ἰδέσθαι, γλῶσσαν μὲν Φοίνισσαν ἀπὸ στομάτων ἀφιέντες, ᾤκεον δ' ἐν Σολύμοις ὄρεσι πλατέῃ παρὰ λίμνῃ αὐχμαλέοι κορυφὰς τροχοκουράδες, αὐτὰρ ὕπερθεν ἵππων δαρτὰ πρόσωπ' ἐφόρουν ἐσκληκότα καπνῷ." 1.179 κἀκεῖνος τοίνυν τὸ μὲν γένος ἦν ̓Ιουδαῖος ἐκ τῆς κοίλης Συρίας. οὗτοι δέ εἰσιν ἀπόγονοι τῶν ἐν ̓Ινδοῖς φιλοσόφων, καλοῦνται δέ, ὥς φασιν, οἱ φιλόσοφοι παρὰ μὲν ̓Ινδοῖς Καλανοί, παρὰ δὲ Σύροις ̓Ιουδαῖοι τοὔνομα λαβόντες ἀπὸ τοῦ τόπου: προσαγορεύεται γὰρ ὃν κατοικοῦσι τόπον ̓Ιουδαία. τὸ δὲ τῆς πόλεως αὐτῶν ὄνομα πάνυ σκολιόν ἐστιν: ̔Ιερουσαλήμην γὰρ αὐτὴν καλοῦσιν.'" None | sup>
1.173 “At the last there passed over a people, wonderful to be beheld; for they spake the Phoenician tongue with their mouths: they dwelt in the Solymean mountains, near a broad lake: their heads were sooty; they had round rasures on them; their heads and faces were like nasty horseheads also, that had been hardened in the smoke.”
1.179 This man, then answered Aristotle, was by birth a Jew, and came from Celesyria: these Jews are derived from the Indian philosophers; they are named by the Indians Calami, and by the Syrians Judaei, and took their name from the country they inhabit, which is called Judea; but for the name of their city it is a very awkward one, for they call it Jerusalem. '' None |
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13. New Testament, 1 Corinthians, 15.9 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Jews/Judeans/Ioudaioi, and non-Jews in Paul • adversus Ioudaios writings
Found in books: Gruen (2020), Ethnicity in the Ancient World - Did it matter, 202; Neusner Green and Avery-Peck (2022), Judaism from Moses to Muhammad: An Interpretation: Turning Points and Focal Points, 91
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15.9 Ἐγὼ γάρ εἰμι ὁ ἐλάχιστος τῶν ἀποστόλων, ὃς οὐκ εἰμὶ ἱκανὸς καλεῖσθαι ἀπόστολος, διότι ἐδίωξα τὴν ἐκκλησίαν τοῦ θεοῦ·'' None | sup>
15.9 For I am the least of theapostles, who is not worthy to be called an apostle, because Ipersecuted the assembly of God.'' None |
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14. New Testament, 1 Thessalonians, 2.14-2.17, 4.5 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Christianity, adversus Ioudaios writings of • Ioudaios • Jews/Judeans/Ioudaioi, and non-Jews in Paul • New Testament, and adversus Ioudaios • adversus Ioudaios writings
Found in books: Gruen (2020), Ethnicity in the Ancient World - Did it matter, 186, 202; Neusner Green and Avery-Peck (2022), Judaism from Moses to Muhammad: An Interpretation: Turning Points and Focal Points, 84, 85; Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 215, 216, 217, 218
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2.14 ὑμεῖς γὰρ μιμηταὶ ἐγενήθητε, ἀδελφοί, τῶν ἐκκλησιῶν τοῦ θεοῦ τῶν οὐσῶν ἐν τῇ Ἰουδαίᾳ ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ, ὅτι τὰ αὐτὰ ἐπάθετε καὶ ὑμεῖς ὑπὸ τῶν ἰδίων συμφυλετῶν καθὼς καὶ αὐτοὶ ὑπὸ τῶν Ἰουδαίων, 2.15 τῶν καὶ τὸν κύριον ἀποκτεινάντων Ἰησοῦν καὶ τοὺς προφήτας καὶ ἡμᾶς ἐκδιωξάντων, καὶ θεῷ μὴ ἀρεσκόντων, καὶ πᾶσιν ἀνθρώποις ἐναντίων, 2.16 κωλυόντων ἡμᾶς τοῖς ἔθνεσιν λαλῆσαι ἵνα σωθῶσιν, εἰς τὸἀναπληρῶσαιαὐτῶντὰς ἁμαρτίαςπάντοτε. ἔφθασεν δὲ ἐπʼ αὐτοὺς ἡ ὀργὴ εἰς τέλος.
4.5 μὴ ἐν πάθει ἐπιθυμίας καθάπερ καὶτὰ ἔθνη τὰ μὴ εἰδότα τὸν θεόν,' ' None | sup>
2.14 For you, brothers, became imitators of the assemblies of God which are in Judea in Christ Jesus; for you also suffered the same things from your own countrymen, even as they did from the Jews; ' "2.15 who killed both the Lord Jesus and their own prophets, and drove us out, and didn't please God, and are contrary to all men; " '2.16 forbidding us to speak to the Gentiles that they may be saved; to fill up their sins always. But wrath has come on them to the uttermost. ' "
4.5 not in the passion of lust, even as the Gentiles who don't know God; " ' None |
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15. New Testament, Acts, 16.16-16.17, 18.2, 21.28 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Ioudaioi • Ioudaios • Jews/Judeans/Ioudaioi, and non-Jews in Paul
Found in books: Gruen (2020), Ethnicity in the Ancient World - Did it matter, 186; Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 213, 217; Williams (2023), Criminalization in Acts of the Apostles Race, Rhetoric, and the Prosecution of an Early Christian Movement. 104, 140, 173, 174, 177
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16.16 Ἐγένετο δὲ πορευομένων ἡμῶν εἰς τὴν προσευχὴν παιδίσκην τινὰ ἔχουσαν πνεῦμα πύθωνα ὑπαντῆσαι ἡμῖν, ἥτις ἐργασίαν πολλὴν παρεῖχεν τοῖς κυρίοις 16.17 αὐτῆς μαντευομένη· αὕτη κατακολουθοῦσα τῷ Παύλῳ καὶ ἡμῖν ἔκραζεν λέγουσα Οὗτοι οἱ ἄνθρωποι δοῦλοι τοῦ θεοῦ τοῦ ὑψίστου εἰσίν, οἵτινες καταγγέλλουσιν ὑμῖν ὁδὸν σωτηρίας.
18.2 καὶ εὑρών τινα Ἰουδαῖον ὀνόματι Ἀκύλαν, Ποντικὸν τῷ γένει, προσφάτως ἐληλυθότα ἀπὸ τῆς Ἰταλίας καὶ Πρίσκιλλαν γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ διὰ τὸ διατεταχέναι Κλαύδιον χωρίζεσθαι πάντας τοὺς Ἰουδαίους ἀπὸ τῆς Ῥώμης, προσῆλθεν αὐτοῖς,
21.28 κράζοντες Ἄνδρες Ἰσραηλεῖται, βοηθεῖτε· οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ ἄνθρωπος ὁ κατὰ τοῦ λαοῦ καὶ τοῦ νόμου καὶ τοῦ τόπου τούτου πάντας πανταχῇ διδάσκων, ἔτι τε καὶ Ἕλληνας εἰσήγαγεν εἰς τὸ ἱερὸν καὶ κεκοίνωκεν τὸν ἅγιον τόπον τοῦτον.' ' None | sup>
16.16 It happened, as we were going to prayer, that a certain girl having a spirit of divination met us, who brought her masters much gain by fortune telling. 16.17 The same, following after Paul and us, cried out, "These men are servants of the Most High God, who proclaim to us the way of salvation!"
18.2 He found a certain Jew named Aquila, a man of Pontus by race, who had recently come from Italy, with his wife Priscilla, because Claudius had commanded all the Jews to depart from Rome. He came to them,
21.28 crying out, "Men of Israel, help! This is the man who teaches all men everywhere against the people, and the law, and this place. Moreover, he also brought Greeks into the temple, and has defiled this holy place!"' ' None |
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16. New Testament, Apocalypse, 2.9 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Christianity, adversus Ioudaios writings of • Jew, Jewish (Ioudaios) • New Testament, and adversus Ioudaios • adversus Ioudaios writings
Found in books: Maier and Waldner (2022), Desiring Martyrs: Locating Martyrs in Space and Time, 41; Neusner Green and Avery-Peck (2022), Judaism from Moses to Muhammad: An Interpretation: Turning Points and Focal Points, 83
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2.9 Οἶδά σου τὴν θλίψιν καὶ τὴν πτωχείαν, ἀλλὰ πλούσιος εἶ, καὶ τὴν βλασφημίαν ἐκ τῶν λεγόντων Ἰουδαίους εἶναι ἑαυτούς, καὶ οὐκ εἰσίν, ἀλλὰ συναγωγὴ τοῦ Σατανᾶ.'' None | sup>
2.9 "I know your works, oppression, and your poverty (but you are rich), and the blasphemy of those who say they are Jews, and they are not, but are a synagogue of Satan.'' None |
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17. New Testament, Galatians, 1.13-1.14, 2.14, 4.26, 4.29, 6.12 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Christianity, adversus Ioudaios writings of • Ioudaios • Jew, Jewish (Ioudaios) • Jews/Judeans/Ioudaioi, and circumcision • Jews/Judeans/Ioudaioi, and ethnic vocabulary in Paul • Jews/Judeans/Ioudaioi, and ethnicity in Philo • Jews/Judeans/Ioudaioi, and idolatry • Jews/Judeans/Ioudaioi, and non-Jews in Paul • New Testament, and adversus Ioudaios • adversus Ioudaios writings
Found in books: Gruen (2020), Ethnicity in the Ancient World - Did it matter, 157, 185, 186, 189, 190, 192, 193, 195; Maier and Waldner (2022), Desiring Martyrs: Locating Martyrs in Space and Time, 189; Neusner Green and Avery-Peck (2022), Judaism from Moses to Muhammad: An Interpretation: Turning Points and Focal Points, 85, 86, 91; Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 216
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1.13 Ἠκούσατε γὰρ τὴν ἐμὴν ἀναστροφήν ποτε ἐν τῷ Ἰουδαϊσμῷ, ὅτι καθʼ ὑπερβολὴν ἐδίωκον τὴν ἐκκλησίαν τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ ἐπόρθουν αὐτήν, 1.14 καὶ προέκοπτον ἐν τῷ Ἰουδαϊσμῷ ὑπὲρ πολλοὺς συνηλικιώτας ἐν τῷ γένει μου, περισσοτέρως ζηλωτὴς ὑπάρχων τῶν πατρικῶν μου παραδόσεων.
2.14 ἀλλʼ ὅτε εἶδον ὅτι οὐκ ὀρθοποδοῦσιν πρὸς τὴν ἀλήθειαν τοῦ εὐαγγελίου, εἶπον τῷ Κηφᾷ ἔμπροσθεν πάντων Εἰ σὺ Ἰουδαῖος ὑπάρχων ἐθνικῶς καὶ οὐκ Ἰουδαϊκῶς ζῇς, πῶς τὰ ἔθνη ἀναγκάζεις Ἰουδαΐζειν;
4.26 ἡ δὲ ἄνω Ἰερουσαλὴμ ἐλευθέρα ἐστίν,
4.29 ἀλλʼ ὥσπερ τότε ὁ κατὰ σάρκα γεννηθεὶς ἐδίωκε τὸν κατὰ πνεῦμα, οὕτως καὶ νῦν.
6.12 Ὅσοι θέλουσιν εὐπροσωπῆσαι ἐν σαρκί, οὗτοι ἀναγκάζουσιν ὑμᾶς περιτέμνεσθαι, μόνον ἵνα τῷ σταυρῷ τοῦ χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ — μὴ διώκωνται·'' None | sup>
1.13 For you have heard of my way ofliving in time past in the Jews' religion, how that beyond measure Ipersecuted the assembly of God, and ravaged it. " "1.14 I advanced inthe Jews' religion beyond many of my own age among my countrymen, beingmore exceedingly zealous for the traditions of my fathers. " 2.14 But when I sawthat they didn\'t walk uprightly according to the truth of the gospel, Isaid to Peter before them all, "If you, being a Jew, live as theGentiles do, and not as the Jews do, why do you compel the Gentiles tolive as the Jews do?
4.26 But the Jerusalem that is above isfree, which is the mother of us all.
4.29 But as then, he who was born according to the flesh persecutedhim who was born according to the Spirit, so also it is now.
6.12 As many as desire to look good in the flesh, they compel you tobe circumcised; only that they may not be persecuted for the cross ofChrist. '" None |
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18. New Testament, Hebrews, 10.22 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Jew, Jewish (Ioudaios) • adversus Ioudaios writings
Found in books: Maier and Waldner (2022), Desiring Martyrs: Locating Martyrs in Space and Time, 25; Neusner Green and Avery-Peck (2022), Judaism from Moses to Muhammad: An Interpretation: Turning Points and Focal Points, 90
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10.22 προσερχώμεθα μετὰ ἀληθινῆς καρδίας ἐν πληροφορίᾳπίστεως, ῤεραντισμενοι τὰς καρδίας ἀπὸ συνειδήσεως πονηρᾶς καὶ λελουσμένοι τὸ σῶμα ὕδατι καθαρῷ·'' None | sup>
10.22 let's draw near with a true heart in fullness of faith, having our hearts sprinkled from an evil conscience, and having our body washed with pure water, "" None |
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19. New Testament, Philippians, 3.3, 3.5-3.6 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Christianity, adversus Ioudaios writings of • Ioudaios • Jews/Judeans/Ioudaioi, and circumcision • Jews/Judeans/Ioudaioi, and ethnic vocabulary in Paul • Jews/Judeans/Ioudaioi, and non-Jews in Paul • New Testament, and adversus Ioudaios • adversus Ioudaios writings
Found in books: Gruen (2020), Ethnicity in the Ancient World - Did it matter, 189, 192, 193, 196, 202; Neusner Green and Avery-Peck (2022), Judaism from Moses to Muhammad: An Interpretation: Turning Points and Focal Points, 85; Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 216
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3.3 ἡμεῖς γάρ ἐσμεν ἡ περιτομή, οἱ πνεύματι θεοῦ λατρεύοντες καὶ καυχώμενοι ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ καὶ οὐκ ἐν σαρκὶ πεποιθότες,
3.5 περιτομῇ ὀκταήμερος, ἐκ γένους Ἰσραήλ, φυλῆς Βενιαμείν, Ἐβραῖος ἐξ Ἐβραίων, κατὰ νόμον Φαρισαῖος, 3.6 κατὰ ζῆλος διώκων τὴν ἐκκλησίαν, κατὰ δικαιοσύνην τὴν ἐν νόμῳ γενόμενος ἄμεμπτος.'' None | sup>
3.3 For we are the circumcision, who worship God in the Spirit, and rejoice in Christ Jesus, and have no confidence in the flesh;
3.5 circumcised the eighth day, of the stock of Israel, of the tribe of Benjamin, a Hebrew of Hebrews; concerning the law, a Pharisee; 3.6 concerning zeal, persecuting the assembly; concerning the righteousness which is in the law, found blameless. '' None |
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20. New Testament, Romans, 8.5, 9.3-9.8, 9.24, 9.30-9.31, 10.12, 10.19, 11.1, 11.11-11.14, 11.25 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Christianity, adversus Ioudaios writings of • Jews/Judeans/Ioudaioi, and circumcision • Jews/Judeans/Ioudaioi, and ethnic vocabulary in Paul • Jews/Judeans/Ioudaioi, and non-Jews in Paul • New Testament, and adversus Ioudaios • adversus Ioudaios writings
Found in books: Gruen (2020), Ethnicity in the Ancient World - Did it matter, 185, 186, 187, 188, 192, 193, 194; Neusner Green and Avery-Peck (2022), Judaism from Moses to Muhammad: An Interpretation: Turning Points and Focal Points, 87, 93
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8.5 οἱ γὰρ κατὰ σάρκα ὄντες τὰ τῆς σαρκὸς φρονοῦσιν, οἱ δὲ κατὰ πνεῦμα τὰ τοῦ πνεύματος.
9.3 ηὐχόμην γὰρ ἀνάθεμα εἶναι αὐτὸς ἐγὼ ἀπὸ τοῦ χριστοῦ ὑπὲρ τῶν ἀδελφῶν μου τῶν συγγενῶν μου κατὰ σάρκα, οἵτινές εἰσιν Ἰσραηλεῖται, 9.4 ὧν ἡ υἱοθεσία καὶ ἡ δόξα καὶ αἱ διαθῆκαι καὶ ἡ νομοθεσία καὶ ἡ λατρεία καὶ αἱ ἐπαγγελίαι, 9.5 ὧν οἱ πατέρες, καὶ ἐξ ὧν ὁ χριστὸς τὸ κατὰ σάρκα, ὁ ὢν ἐπὶ πάντων, θεὸς εὐλογητὸς εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας· ἀμήν. 9.6 Οὐχ οἷον δὲ ὅτι ἐκπέπτωκεν ὁ λόγος τοῦ θεοῦ. οὐ γὰρ πάντες οἱ ἐξ Ἰσραήλ, οὗτοι Ἰσραήλ· 9.7 οὐδʼ ὅτι εἰσὶν σπέρμα Ἀβραάμ, πάντες τέκνα, ἀλλʼἘν Ἰσαὰκ κληθήσεταί σοι σπέρμα. 9.8 τοῦτʼ ἔστιν, οὐ τὰ τέκνα τῆς σαρκὸς ταῦτα τέκνα τοῦ θεοῦ, ἀλλὰ τὰ τέκνα τῆς ἐπαγγελίας λογίζεται εἰς σπέρμα·
9.24 οὓς καὶ ἐκάλεσεν ἡμᾶς οὐ μόνον ἐξ Ἰουδαίων ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐξ ἐθνῶν;
9.30 Τί οὖν ἐροῦμεν; ὅτι ἔθνη τὰ μὴ διώκοντα δικαιοσύνην κατέλαβεν δικαιοσύνην, δικὰιοσύνην δὲ τὴν ἐκ πίστεως·
9.31 Ἰσραὴλ δὲ διώκων νόμον δικαιοσύνης εἰς νόμον οὐκ ἔφθασεν. διὰ τί; ὅτι οὐκ ἐκ πίστεως ἀλλʼ ὡς ἐξ ἔργων·
10.12 οὐ γάρ ἐστιν διαστολὴ Ἰουδαίου τε καὶ Ἕλληνος, ὁ γὰρ αὐτὸς κύριος πάντων, πλουτῶν εἰς πάντας τοὺς ἐπικαλουμένους αὐτόν·
10.19 ἀλλὰ λέγω, μὴ Ἰσραὴλ οὐκ ἔγνω; πρῶτος Μωυσῆς λέγει
11.1 Λέγω οὖν, μὴἀπώσατο ὁ θεὸς τὸν λαὸν αὐτοῦ;μὴ γένοιτο· καὶ γὰρ ἐγὼ Ἰσραηλείτης εἰμί, ἐκ σπέρματος Ἀβραάμ, φυλῆς Βενιαμείν.
11.11 Λέγω οὖν, μὴ ἔπταισαν ἵνα πέσωσιν; μὴ γένοιτο· ἀλλὰ τῷ αὐτῶν παραπτώματι ἡ σωτηρία τοῖς ἔθνεσιν, εἰς τὸπαραζηλῶσαιαὐτούς.
11.12 εἰ δὲ τὸ παράπτωμα αὐτῶν πλοῦτος κόσμου καὶ τὸ ἥττημα αὐτῶν πλοῦτος ἐθνῶν, πόσῳ μᾶλλον τὸ πλήρωμα αὐτῶν.
11.13 Ὑμῖν δὲ λέγω τοῖς ἔθνεσιν. ἐφʼ ὅσον μὲν οὖν εἰμὶ ἐγὼ ἐθνῶν ἀπόστολος, τὴν διακονίαν μου δοξάζω,
11.14 εἴ πως παραζηλώσω μου τὴν σάρκα καὶ σώσω τινὰς ἐξ αὐτῶν.
11.25 Οὐ γὰρ θέλω ὑμᾶς ἀγνοεῖν, ἀδελφοί, τὸ μυστήριον τοῦτο, ἵνα μὴ ἦτε ἐν ἑαυτοῖς φρόνιμοι, ὅτι πώρωσις ἀπὸ μέρους τῷ Ἰσραὴλ γέγονεν ἄχρι οὗ τὸ πλήρωμα τῶν ἐθνῶν εἰσέλθῃ, καὶ οὕτως πᾶς Ἰσραὴλ σωθήσεται·'' None | sup>
8.5 For those who live according to the flesh set their minds on the things of the flesh, but those who live according to the Spirit, the things of the Spirit. ' "
9.3 For I could wish that I myself were accursed from Christ for my brothers' sake, my relatives according to the flesh, " '9.4 who are Israelites; whose is the adoption, the glory, the covets, the giving of the law, the service, and the promises; 9.5 of whom are the fathers, and from whom is Christ as concerning the flesh, who is over all, God, blessed forever. Amen. 9.6 But it is not as though the word of God has come to nothing. For they are not all Israel, that are of Israel. 9.7 Neither, because they are Abraham\'s seed, are they all children. But, "In Isaac will your seed be called." 9.8 That is, it is not the children of the flesh who are children of God, but the children of the promise are counted as a seed.
9.24 us, whom he also called, not from the Jews only, but also from the Gentiles? ' "
9.30 What shall we say then? That the Gentiles, who didn't follow after righteousness, attained to righteousness, even the righteousness which is of faith; " "
9.31 but Israel, following after a law of righteousness, didn't arrive at the law of righteousness. " 10.12 For there is no distinction between Jew and Greek; for the same Lord is Lord of all, and is rich to all who call on him.
10.19 But I ask, didn\'t Israel know? First Moses says, "I will provoke you to jealousy with that which is no nation, With a nation void of understanding I will make you angry."
11.1 I ask then, Did God reject his people? May it never be! For I also am an Israelite, a descendant of Abraham, of the tribe of Benjamin.
11.11 I ask then, did they stumble that they might fall? May it never be! But by their fall salvation has come to the Gentiles, to provoke them to jealousy.
11.12 Now if their fall is the riches of the world, and their loss the riches of the Gentiles; how much more their fullness?
11.13 For I speak to you who are Gentiles. Since then as I am an apostle to Gentiles, I glorify my ministry;
11.14 if by any means I may provoke to jealousy those who are my flesh, and may save some of them. ' "
11.25 For I don't desire, brothers, to have you ignorant of this mystery, so that you won't be wise in your own conceits, that a partial hardening has happened to Israel, until the fullness of the Gentiles has come in, "' None |
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21. New Testament, John, 16.2 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Christianity, adversus Ioudaios writings of • Ioudaios • New Testament, and adversus Ioudaios • adversus Ioudaios writings
Found in books: Neusner Green and Avery-Peck (2022), Judaism from Moses to Muhammad: An Interpretation: Turning Points and Focal Points, 83; Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 218
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16.2 ἀποσυναγώγους ποιήσουσιν ὑμᾶς· ἀλλʼ ἔρχεται ὥρα ἵνα πᾶς ὁ ἀποκτείνας ὑμᾶς δόξῃ λατρείαν προσφέρειν τῷ θεῷ.'' None | sup>
16.2 They will put you out of the synagogues. Yes, the time comes that whoever kills you will think that he offers service to God. '' None |
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22. None, None, nan (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Ioudaios • Jews/Judeans/Ioudaioi, and ethnic vocabulary in Josephus
Found in books: Gruen (2020), Ethnicity in the Ancient World - Did it matter, 172; Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 216
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23. None, None, nan (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Ioudaios • Jews/Judeans/Ioudaioi, and ethnic vocabulary in Josephus
Found in books: Gruen (2020), Ethnicity in the Ancient World - Did it matter, 168, 170, 179; Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 147, 202
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24. Anon., Letter of Aristeas, 1, 310
Tagged with subjects: • Ioudaios • Ioudaios (Hebraios), as ethnic label • Ioudaios/oi
Found in books: Salvesen et al. (2020), Israel in Egypt: The Land of Egypt as Concept and Reality for Jews in Antiquity and the Early Medieval Period, 314; Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 204; Wright (2015), The Letter of Aristeas : 'Aristeas to Philocrates' or 'On the Translation of the Law of the Jews' 105, 106
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1 Since I have collected Material for a memorable history of my visit to Eleazar the High priest of the Jews, and because you, Philocrates, as you lose no opportunity of reminding me, have set great store upon receiving an account of the motives and object of my mission, I have attempted to draw up a clear exposition of the matter for you, for I perceive that you possess a natural love of learning,'3
10 After the books had been read, the priests and the elders of the translators and the Jewish community and the leaders of the people stood up and said, that since so excellent and sacred and accurate a translation had been made, it was only right that it should remain as it was and no ' None |
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25. Anon., Joseph And Aseneth, 7.5, 8.10, 22.3, 23.13
Tagged with subjects: • Ioudaios • Jews/Judeans/Ioudaioi, and ethnicity in post-biblical texts • Jews/Judeans/Ioudaioi, and idolatry • Jews/Judeans/Ioudaioi, and intermarriage in post-biblical texts • Jews/Judeans/Ioudaioi, in Joseph and Aseneth
Found in books: Gruen (2020), Ethnicity in the Ancient World - Did it matter, 125, 127, 145; Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 204
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7.5 And Joseph would reject them out of hand, saying, I will not sin before the God of Israel.
8.10 And he lifted up his right hand above her head and said,
22.3 And Aseneth said to Joseph, "I will go and see your father, because your father Israel is my father; and Joseph said to her, "Let us go together."
23.13 And they drew their swords from their scabbards and said, "Do you see these swords? It was with them that the Lord God avenged the outrage on the sons of Israel, which the men of Schechem committed in the affair of our sister Dinah, whom Schechem, Hamor\'s son, defiled." '' None |
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