1. Euripides, Electra, 171 (5th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Hadrian
Found in books: Naiden (2013) 109; Pirenne-Delforge and Pironti (2022) 121
171. ἀγγέλλει δ' ὅτι νῦν τριταί-"". None | 171. a mountain walker; he reports that the Argives are proclaiming a sacrifice for the third day from now, and that all maidens are to go to Hera’s temple. Electra''. None |
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2. Josephus Flavius, Jewish Antiquities, 18.18, 20.131-20.133 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Hadrian • Tibur, Hadrian’s Villa, Canopus • Tibur, Hadrian’s Villa, Piazza d’Oro
Found in books: Czajkowski et al (2020) 92; Janowitz (2002) 77; Rizzi (2010) 117; Taylor (2012) 159
18.18. ̓Εσσηνοῖς δὲ ἐπὶ μὲν θεῷ καταλείπειν φιλεῖ τὰ πάντα ὁ λόγος, ἀθανατίζουσιν δὲ τὰς ψυχὰς περιμάχητον ἡγούμενοι τοῦ δικαίου τὴν πρόσοδον.
18.18. τιμία δὲ ἦν ̓Αντωνία Τιβερίῳ εἰς τὰ πάντα συγγενείας τε ἀξιώματι, Δρούσου γὰρ ἦν ἀδελφοῦ αὐτοῦ γυνή, καὶ ἀρετῇ τοῦ σώφρονος: νέα γὰρ χηρεύειν παρέμεινεν γάμῳ τε ἀπεῖπεν τῷ πρὸς ἕτερον καίπερ τοῦ Σεβαστοῦ κελεύοντός τινι γαμεῖσθαι, καὶ λοιδοριῶν ἀπηλλαγμένον διεσώσατο αὐτῆς τὸν βίον.
20.131. κἀκείνους μὲν ὁ Κουαδρᾶτος ἀνελεῖν προσέταξεν, τοὺς δὲ περὶ ̓Ανανίαν τὸν ἀρχιερέα καὶ τὸν στρατηγὸν ̓́Ανανον δήσας εἰς ̔Ρώμην ἀνέπεμψεν περὶ τῶν πεπραγμένων λόγον ὑφέξοντας Κλαυδίῳ Καίσαρι.' "20.132. κελεύει δὲ καὶ τοῖς τῶν Σαμαρέων πρώτοις καὶ τοῖς ̓Ιουδαίοις Κουμανῷ τε τῷ ἐπιτρόπῳ καὶ Κέλερι, χιλίαρχος δ' ἦν οὗτος, ἐπ' ̓Ιταλίας ἀπιέναι πρὸς τὸν αὐτοκράτορα κριθησομένους ἐπ' αὐτοῦ περὶ τῶν πρὸς ἀλλήλους ζητήσεων." "20.133. αὐτὸς δὲ δείσας, μὴ τὸ πλῆθος πάλιν τῶν ̓Ιουδαίων νεωτερίσειεν, εἰς τὴν τῶν ̔Ιεροσολυμιτῶν πόλιν ἀφικνεῖται: καταλαμβάνει δ' αὐτὴν εἰρηνευομένην καὶ πάτριον ἑορτὴν τῷ θεῷ τελοῦσαν. πιστεύσας οὖν μηδένα νεωτερισμὸν παρ' αὐτῶν γενήσεσθαι καταλιπὼν ἑορτάζοντας ὑπέστρεψεν εἰς ̓Αντιόχειαν."'. None | 18.18. 5. The doctrine of the Essenes is this: That all things are best ascribed to God. They teach the immortality of souls, and esteem that the rewards of righteousness are to be earnestly striven for;
18.18. Now Antonia was greatly esteemed by Tiberius on all accounts, from the dignity of her relation to him, who had been his brother Drusus’s wife, and from her eminent chastity; for though she was still a young woman, she continued in her widowhood, and refused all other matches, although Augustus had enjoined her to be married to somebody else; yet did she all along preserve her reputation free from reproach.
20.131. whom Quadratus ordered to be put to death: but still he sent away Aias the high priest, and Aus the commander of the temple, in bonds to Rome, to give an account of what they had done to Claudius Caesar. 20.132. He also ordered the principal men, both of the Samaritans and of the Jews, as also Cumanus the procurator, and Ceier the tribune, to go to Italy to the emperor, that he might hear their cause, and determine their differences one with another. 20.133. But he came again to the city of Jerusalem, out of his fear that the multitude of the Jews should attempt some innovations; but he found the city in a peaceable state, and celebrating one of the usual festivals of their country to God. So he believed that they would not attempt any innovations, and left them at the celebration of the festival, and returned to Antioch.''. None |
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3. New Testament, Acts, 17.26 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Hadrian
Found in books: Breytenbach and Tzavella (2022) 13; Stanton (2021) 95
17.26. ἐποίησέν τε ἐξ ἑνὸς πᾶν ἔθνος ανθρώπων κατοικεῖν ἐπὶ παντὸς προσώπου τῆς γῆς, ὁρίσας προστεταγμένους καιροὺς καὶ τὰς ὁροθεσίας τῆς κατοικίας αὐτῶν,''. None | 17.26. He made from one blood every nation of men to dwell on all the surface of the earth, having determined appointed seasons, and the bounds of their habitation, ''. None |
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4. None, None, nan (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Hadrian • Hadrian (Emperor) • Hadrian (Roman emperor)
Found in books: Csapo (2022) 113; Edmondson (2008) 23, 33; Radicke (2022) 353
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5. None, None, nan (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Hadrian • Hadrian (Emperor), portraits of
Found in books: Csapo (2022) 157; Tuori (2016) 54
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6. None, None, nan (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Hadrian • Hadrian, as artist
Found in books: Borg (2008) 301; Rutledge (2012) 84
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7. None, None, nan (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Hadrian
Found in books: Laes Goodey and Rose (2013) 222; Tuori (2016) 224
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8. None, None, nan (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Hadrian • Hadrian, Emperor • Hadrianic literature
Found in books: Keane (2015) 113; König and Whitton (2018) 8, 382; Poulsen and Jönsson (2021) 50
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9. None, None, nan (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Hadrian
Found in books: Mowat (2021) 70; Santangelo (2013) 131
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10. None, None, nan (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Athens, city of, Library of Hadrian • Emperors and Egypt, Hadrian • Hadrian
Found in books: Borg (2008) 299; Manolaraki (2012) 130
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11. Cassius Dio, Roman History, 54.7.2, 66.7.2, 69.11.1-69.11.4, 69.12.1-69.12.2, 69.16.1, 69.18.3, 72.12.2, 77.15.6-77.15.7 (2nd cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Antinoopolis, established by Hadrian • Antinous, Hadrian’s favorite • Arch of Hadrian (Athens) • Eliav, yaron, on hadrian • Emperors and Egypt, Hadrian • Epidauros Asklepieion, visit of Hadrian • Hadrian • Hadrian (Roman emperor) • Hadrian, and Antinous • Hadrian, and Pergamon Asklepieion • Hadrian, emperor, edicts/letters • Hadrian, founder of Antinoopolis • Hadrian, visit to Epidauros Asklepieion • Hadrian,, puts proposals • Pergamon Asklepieion, visited by Hadrian(?) • Tibur, Hadrian’s Villa • Tibur, Hadrian’s Villa, Canopus • Tibur, Hadrian’s Villa, Piazza d’Oro • cultic center of Isis, Hadrian’s garden at Tivoli known as • library, library of Hadrian
Found in books: Borg (2008) 323; Breytenbach and Tzavella (2022) 66; Cohn (2013) 187; Czajkowski et al (2020) 226, 227; Dignas (2002) 132, 134; Edmondson (2008) 23; Goodman (2006) 55; Janowitz (2002) 77; Manolaraki (2012) 225, 232; Marek (2019) 479; Renberg (2017) 120, 514; Rizzi (2010) 71, 81; Talbert (1984) 359, 422; Tanaseanu-Döbler and von Alvensleben (2020) 43; Tuori (2016) 210
| 54.7.2. \xa0He honoured the Lacedaemonians by giving them Cythera and attending their public mess, because Livia, when she fled from Italy with her husband and son, had spent some time there. But from the Athenians he took away Aegina and Eretria, from which they received tribute, because, as some say, they had espoused the cause of Antony; and he furthermore forbade them to make anyone a citizen for money.
69.11.1. \xa0On coming to Greece he was admitted to the highest grade at the Mysteries. After this he passed through Judaea into Egypt and offered sacrifice to Pompey, concerning whom he is said to have uttered this verse: "Strange lack of tomb for one with shrines o\'erwhelmed!" Antinous: a bust in the Vatican Museums. And he restored his monument, which had fallen in ruin. 69.11.2. 1. \xa0On coming to Greece he was admitted to the highest grade at the Mysteries. After this he passed through Judaea into Egypt and offered sacrifice to Pompey, concerning whom he is said to have uttered this verse: "Strange lack of tomb for one with shrines o\'erwhelmed!" Antinous: a bust in the Vatican Museums. And he restored his monument, which had fallen in ruin.
69.12.1. \xa0At Jerusalem he founded a city in place of the one which had been razed to the ground, naming it Aelia Capitolina, and on the site of the temple of the god he raised a new temple to Jupiter. This brought on a war of no slight importance nor of brief duration, 69.12.2. \xa0for the Jews deemed it intolerable that foreign races should be settled in their city and foreign religious rites planted there. So long, indeed, as Hadrian was close by in Egypt and again in Syria, they remained quiet, save in so far as they purposely made of poor quality such weapons as they were called upon to furnish, in order that the Romans might reject them and they themselves might thus have the use of them; but when he went farther away, they openly revolted.
69.16.1. \xa0Hadrian completed the Olympieum at Athens, in which his own statue also stands, and dedicated there a serpent, which had been brought from India. He also presided at the Dionysia, first assuming the highest office among the Athenians, and arrayed in the local costume, carried it through brilliantly.' "
69.18.3. \xa0In this connexion the following anecdote is related of Cornelius Fronto, who was the foremost Roman of the time in pleading before the courts. One night he was returning home from dinner very late, and ascertained from a man whose counsel he had promised to be that Turbo was already holding court. Accordingly, just as he was, in his dinner dress, he went into Turbo's court-room and greeted him, not with the morning salutation, Salve, but with the one appropriate to the evening, Vale." '
77.15.6. 1. \xa0When the inhabitants of the island again revolted, he summoned the soldiers and ordered them to invade the rebels\' country, killing everybody they met; and he quoted these words: "Let no one escape sheer destruction, No one our hands, not even the babe in the womb of the mother, If it be male; let it nevertheless not escape sheer destruction.",2. \xa0When this had been done, and the Caledonians had joined the revolt of the Maeatae, he began preparing to make war upon them in person. While he was thus engaged, his sickness carried him off on the fourth of February, not without some help, they say, from Antoninus. At all events, before Severus died, he is reported to have spoken thus to his sons (I\xa0give his exact words without embellishment): "Be harmonious, enrich the soldiers, and scorn all other men.",3. \xa0After this his body, arrayed in military garb, was placed upon a pyre, and as a mark of honour the soldiers and his sons ran about it; and as for the soldiers\' gifts, those who had things at hand to offer as gifts threw them upon it, and his sons applied the fire.,4. \xa0Afterwards his bones were put in an urn of purple stone, carried to Rome, and deposited in the tomb of the Antonines. It is said that Severus sent for the urn shortly before his death, and after feeling of it, remarked: "Thou shalt hold a man that the world could not hold." 77.15.7. 1. \xa0When the inhabitants of the island again revolted, he summoned the soldiers and ordered them to invade the rebels\' country, killing everybody they met; and he quoted these words: "Let no one escape sheer destruction, No one our hands, not even the babe in the womb of the mother, If it be male; let it nevertheless not escape sheer destruction.",2. \xa0When this had been done, and the Caledonians had joined the revolt of the Maeatae, he began preparing to make war upon them in person. While he was thus engaged, his sickness carried him off on the fourth of February, not without some help, they say, from Antoninus. At all events, before Severus died, he is reported to have spoken thus to his sons (I\xa0give his exact words without embellishment): "Be harmonious, enrich the soldiers, and scorn all other men.",3. \xa0After this his body, arrayed in military garb, was placed upon a pyre, and as a mark of honour the soldiers and his sons ran about it; and as for the soldiers\' gifts, those who had things at hand to offer as gifts threw them upon it, and his sons applied the fire.,4. \xa0Afterwards his bones were put in an urn of purple stone, carried to Rome, and deposited in the tomb of the Antonines. It is said that Severus sent for the urn shortly before his death, and after feeling of it, remarked: "Thou shalt hold a man that the world could not hold."' '. None |
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12. Justin, Dialogue With Trypho, 16 (2nd cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Hadrian • gymnasiarch, Hadrian
Found in books: Levine (2005) 212; Taylor (2012) 170
| 16. Justin: And God himself proclaimed by Moses, speaking thus: 'And circumcise the hardness of your hearts, and no longer stiffen the neck. For the Lord your God is both Lord of lords, and a great, mighty, and terrible God, who regards not persons, and takes not rewards.' And in Leviticus: 'Because they have transgressed against Me, and despised Me, and because they have walked contrary to Me, I also walked contrary to them, and I shall cut them off in the land of their enemies. Then shall their uncircumcised heart be turned. Leviticus 26:40-41 For the circumcision according to the flesh, which is from Abraham, was given for a sign; that you may be separated from other nations, and from us; and that you alone may suffer that which you now justly suffer; and that your land may be desolate, and your cities burned with fire; and that strangers may eat your fruit in your presence, and not one of you may go up to Jerusalem.' For you are not recognised among the rest of men by any other mark than your fleshly circumcision. For none of you, I suppose, will venture to say that God neither did nor does foresee the events, which are future, nor foreordained his deserts for each one. Accordingly, these things have happened to you in fairness and justice, for you have slain the Just One, and His prophets before Him; and now you reject those who hope in Him, and in Him who sent Him- God the Almighty and Maker of all things- cursing in your synagogues those that believe in Christ. For you have not the power to lay hands upon us, on account of those who now have the mastery. But as often as you could, you did so. Wherefore God, by Isaiah, calls to you, saying, 'Behold how the righteous man perished, and no one regards it. For the righteous man is taken away from before iniquity. His grave shall be in peace, he is taken away from the midst. Draw near hither, you lawless children, seed of the adulterers, and children of the whore. Against whom have you sported yourselves, and against whom have you opened the mouth, and against whom have you loosened the tongue?' Isaiah 57:1-4 "". None |
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13. Lucian, The Passing of Peregrinus, 27-30 (2nd cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Hadrian • Hadrian, emperor
Found in books: Edelmann-Singer et al (2020) 155; Waldner et al (2016) 76, 78
| 27. 'Not even “Proteus” will serve now, they were saying: he has changed his name to Phoenix; that Indian bird being credited with bringing a prolonged existence to an end upon a pyre. He tells strange tales too, and quotes oracles– guaranteed old–to the effect that he is to be a guardian spirit of the night."28. Evidently he has conceived a fancy for an altar, and looks to have his statue set up, all of gold. And upon my word it is as likely as not that among the simple vulgar will be found some to declare that Proteus has cured them of the ague, and that in the darkness they have met with the “guardian spirit of the night.” And as the ancient Proteus, the son of Zeus, the great original, had the gift of prophecy, I suppose these precious disciples of the modern one will be for getting up an oracle and a shrine upon the scene of cremation. Mark my words: we shall find we have got Protean priests of the scourge; priests of the branding iron; priests of some strange thing or other; or–who knows?–nocturnal rites in his honour, with a torchlight procession about the pyre.' "29. I heard but now, from a friend, of Theagenes's producing a prophecy of the Sibyl on this subject: he quoted the very words:What time the noblest of the Cynic hostWithin the Thunderer's court shall light a fire,And leap into its midst, and thence ascendTo great Olympus–then shall all mankind,Who eat the furrow's fruit, give honour dueTo the Night wanderer. His seat shall beHard by Hephaestus and lord Heracles." "30. That 's the oracle that Theagenes says he heard from the Sibyl. Now I'll give him one of Bacis's on the same subject. Bacis speaks very much to the point as follows:What time the Cynic many named shall leap,Stirred in his heart with mad desire for fame,Into hot fire–then shall the Fox dogs all,His followers, go hence as went the Wolf.And him that shuns Hephaestus' fiery mightTh’ Achaeans all shall straightway slay with stones;Lest, cool in courage, he essay warm words,Stuffing with gold of usury his scrip;For in fair Patrae he hath thrice five talents. What say you, friends? Can Bacis turn an oracle too, as well as the Sibyl? Apparently it is time for the esteemed followers of Proteus to select their spots for “evaporation,” as they call burning.'" "'. None |
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14. Pausanias, Description of Greece, 1.18.6-1.18.9, 2.17.6 (2nd cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Alexandria, Hadrianeion (Hadrian’s Library) • Arch of Hadrian (Athens) • Athens, Hadrian’s Library • Athens, city of, Library of Hadrian • Hadrian • Tibur, Hadrian’s Villa, Canopus • Tibur, Hadrian’s Villa, Piazza d’Oro • library, library of Hadrian • portrait, Hadrian
Found in books: Borg (2008) 299, 347; Dignas (2002) 132; Greensmith (2021) 239; Pirenne-Delforge and Pironti (2022) 121; Rizzi (2010) 31; Tanaseanu-Döbler and von Alvensleben (2020) 43, 53, 54
1.18.6. πρὶν δὲ ἐς τὸ ἱερὸν ἰέναι τοῦ Διὸς τοῦ Ὀλυμπίου —Ἀδριανὸς ὁ Ῥωμαίων βασιλεὺς τόν τε ναὸν ἀνέθηκε καὶ τὸ ἄγαλμα θέας ἄξιον, οὗ μεγέθει μέν, ὅτι μὴ Ῥοδίοις καὶ Ῥωμαίοις εἰσὶν οἱ κολοσσοί, τὰ λοιπὰ ἀγάλματα ὁμοίως ἀπολείπεται, πεποίηται δὲ ἔκ τε ἐλέφαντος καὶ χρυσοῦ καὶ ἔχει τέχνης εὖ πρὸς τὸ μέγεθος ὁρῶσιν—, ἐνταῦθα εἰκόνες Ἀδριανοῦ δύο μέν εἰσι Θασίου λίθου, δύο δὲ Αἰγυπτίου· χαλκαῖ δὲ ἑστᾶσι πρὸ τῶν κιόνων ἃς Ἀθηναῖοι καλοῦσιν ἀποίκους πόλεις. ὁ μὲν δὴ πᾶς περίβολος σταδίων μάλιστα τεσσάρων ἐστίν, ἀνδριάντων δὲ πλήρης· ἀπὸ γὰρ πόλεως ἑκάστης εἰκὼν Ἀδριανοῦ βασιλέως ἀνάκειται, καὶ σφᾶς ὑπερεβάλοντο Ἀθηναῖοι τὸν κολοσσὸν ἀναθέντες ὄπισθε τοῦ ναοῦ θέας ἄξιον. 1.18.7. ἔστι δὲ ἀρχαῖα ἐν τῷ περιβόλῳ Ζεὺς χαλκοῦς καὶ ναὸς Κρόνου καὶ Ῥέας καὶ τέμενος Γῆς τὴν ἐπίκλησιν Ὀλυμπίας. ἐνταῦθα ὅσον ἐς πῆχυν τὸ ἔδαφος διέστηκε, καὶ λέγουσι μετὰ τὴν ἐπομβρίαν τὴν ἐπὶ Δευκαλίωνος συμβᾶσαν ὑπορρυῆναι ταύτῃ τὸ ὕδωρ, ἐσβάλλουσί τε ἐς αὐτὸ ἀνὰ πᾶν ἔτος ἄλφιτα πυρῶν μέλιτι μίξαντες. 1.18.8. κεῖται δὲ ἐπὶ κίονος Ἰσοκράτους ἀνδριάς, ὃς ἐς μνήμην τρία ὑπελίπετο, ἐπιπονώτατον μὲν ὅτι οἱ βιώσαντι ἔτη δυοῖν δέοντα ἑκατὸν οὔποτε κατελύθη μαθητὰς ἔχειν, σωφρονέστατον δὲ ὅτι πολιτείας ἀπεχόμενος διέμεινε καὶ τὰ κοινὰ οὐ πολυπραγμονῶν, ἐλευθερώτατον δὲ ὅτι πρὸς τὴν ἀγγελίαν τῆς ἐν Χαιρωνείᾳ μάχης ἀλγήσας ἐτελεύτησεν ἐθελοντής. κεῖνται δὲ καὶ λίθου Φρυγίου Πέρσαι χαλκοῦν τρίποδα ἀνέχοντες, θέας ἄξιοι καὶ αὐτοὶ καὶ ὁ τρίπους. τοῦ δὲ Ὀλυμπίου Διὸς Δευκαλίωνα οἰκοδομῆσαι λέγουσι τὸ ἀρχαῖον ἱερόν, σημεῖον ἀποφαίνοντες ὡς Δευκαλίων Ἀθήνῃσιν ᾤκησε τάφον τοῦ ναοῦ τοῦ νῦν οὐ πολὺ ἀφεστηκότα. 1.18.9. Ἀδριανὸς δὲ κατεσκευάσατο μὲν καὶ ἄλλα Ἀθηναίοις, ναὸν Ἥρας καὶ Διὸς Πανελληνίου καὶ θεοῖς τοῖς πᾶσιν ἱερὸν κοινόν, τὰ δὲ ἐπιφανέστατα ἑκατόν εἰσι κίονες Φρυγίου λίθου· πεποίηνται δὲ καὶ ταῖς στοαῖς κατὰ τὰ αὐτὰ οἱ τοῖχοι. καὶ οἰκήματα ἐνταῦθά ἐστιν ὀρόφῳ τε ἐπιχρύσῳ καὶ ἀλαβάστρῳ λίθῳ, πρὸς δὲ ἀγάλμασι κεκοσμημένα καὶ γραφαῖς· κατάκειται δὲ ἐς αὐτὰ βιβλία. καὶ γυμνάσιόν ἐστιν ἐπώνυμον Ἀδριανοῦ· κίονες δὲ καὶ ἐνταῦθα ἑκατὸν λιθοτομίας τῆς Λιβύων.
2.17.6. ἀναθήματα δὲ τὰ ἄξια λόγου βωμὸς ἔχων ἐπειργασμένον τὸν λεγόμενον Ἥβης καὶ Ἡρακλέους γάμον· οὗτος μὲν ἀργύρου, χρυσοῦ δὲ καὶ λίθων λαμπόντων Ἀδριανὸς βασιλεὺς ταὼν ἀνέθηκεν· ἀνέθηκε δέ, ὅτι τὴν ὄρνιθα ἱερὰν τῆς Ἥρας νομίζουσι. κεῖται δὲ καὶ στέφανος χρυσοῦς καὶ πέπλος πορφύρας, Νέρωνος ταῦτα ἀναθήματα.''. None | 1.18.6. Before the entrance to the sanctuary of Olympian Zeus—Hadrian the Roman emperor dedicated the temple and the statue, one worth seeing, which in size exceeds all other statues save the colossi at Rhodes and Rome, and is made of ivory and gold with an artistic skill which is remarkable when the size is taken into account—before the entrance, I say, stand statues of Hadrian, two of Thasian stone, two of Egyptian. Before the pillars stand bronze statues which the Athenians call “colonies.” The whole circumference of the precincts is about four stades, and they are full of statues; for every city has dedicated a likeness of the emperor Hadrian, and the Athenians have surpassed them in dedicating, behind the temple, the remarkable colossus. 1.18.7. Within the precincts are antiquities: a bronze Zeus, a temple of Cronus and Rhea and an enclosure of Earth surnamed Olympian. Here the floor opens to the width of a cubit, and they say that along this bed flowed off the water after the deluge that occurred in the time of Deucalion, and into it they cast every year wheat meal mixed with honey. 1.18.8. On a pillar is a statue of Isocrates, whose memory is remarkable for three things: his diligence in continuing to teach to the end of his ninety-eight years, his self-restraint in keeping aloof from politics and from interfering with public affairs, and his love of liberty in dying a voluntary death, distressed at the news of the battle at Chaeronea 338 B.C. . There are also statues in Phrygian marble of Persians supporting a bronze tripod; both the figures and the tripod are worth seeing. The ancient sanctuary of Olympian Zeus the Athenians say was built by Deucalion, and they cite as evidence that Deucalion lived at Athens a grave which is not far from the present temple. 1.18.9. Hadrian constructed other buildings also for the Athenians: a temple of Hera and Zeus Panellenios (Common to all Greeks), a sanctuary common to all the gods, and, most famous of all, a hundred pillars of Phrygian marble. The walls too are constructed of the same material as the cloisters. And there are rooms there adorned with a gilded roof and with alabaster stone, as well as with statues and paintings. In them are kept books. There is also a gymnasium named after Hadrian; of this too the pillars are a hundred in number from the Libyan quarries.
2.17.6. of the votive offerings the following are noteworthy. There is an altar upon which is wrought in relief the fabled marriage of Hebe and Heracles. This is of silver, but the peacock dedicated by the Emperor Hadrian is of gold and gleaming stones. He dedicated it because they hold the bird to be sacred to Hera. There lie here a golden crown and a purple robe, offerings of Nero.''. None |
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15. Pliny The Younger, Letters, 10.58, 10.65, 10.96-10.97 (2nd cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Hadrian • Hadrian, emperor • Tibur, Hadrian’s Villa, Canopus • Tibur, Hadrian’s Villa, Piazza d’Oro
Found in books: Czajkowski et al (2020) 187, 201; Esler (2000) 37; König and Whitton (2018) 289, 404; Lampe (2003) 117; Rizzi (2010) 73; de Ste. Croix et al. (2006) 118
| 10.58. To Trajan. When, Sir, I was about to hold a court and was calling out the names of the judges, Flavius Archippus began to ask leave to be excused on the ground that he was a philosopher. I was indeed told by some other persons that he ought not only to be excused from sitting as a judge but that his name ought to be struck off the list, and that he himself should be handed back to finish the sentence which he had evaded by breaking out of prison. A judgment of the proconsul Velius Paullus was read to me, which showed that Archippus had been condemned to the mines for forgery, and he could produce nothing to prove that the sentence had been revoked. However, he brings forward, in lieu of a pardon, a petition which he sent to Domitian and a letter which Domitian wrote in reply, referring to some distinction conferred upon him, and he also produces a decree of the people of Prusa. In addition to these documents, there is a letter written by yourself to him, and an edict and a letter of your father's in which he confirmed the privileges granted by Domitian. Consequently, though the man is involved in such serious charges, I thought I had better come to no decision until I had taken your advice on a point which I consider quite worthy of your attention. I enclose with this letter the documents which have been produced on both sides. • A letter from Domitian to Terentius Maximus I have granted the request of Flavius Archippus, the philosopher, that I should order land of the value of 600,000 sesterces to be bought for him near Prusa, his native place. I wish this to be acquired for him, and you will charge the whole amount to my account as a gift from me. • A letter from Domitian to Lucius Appius Maximus I desire, my dear Maximus, that you will regard Archippus the philosopher, who is a worthy man, and whose character fully corresponds with the nobility of his profession, as specially commended to your notice, and that you will show him the full extent of your kindness in any reasonable request he may lay before you. • Edict of the late Emperor Nerva There are some things, Romans, that go without saying in such prosperous times as we are now enjoying, nor should people look to a good emperor to declare himself on points wherein his position is thoroughly understood. For every citizen is well assured, and can answer for me without prompting, that I have preferred the security of the State to my own convenience, and in so doing have both conferred new privileges and confirmed old ones that were conceded before my time. However, to prevent there being any interruption of the public felicity by doubts and hesitation arising from the nervousness of those who have obtained favours, or from the memory of the emperor who granted them, I have thought that it is advisable, and that it will give general pleasure, if I remove all doubt by giving proof of my kind indulgence. I do not wish any one to think that any benefit conferred upon him, in either a private or public capacity by any other emperor, will be taken away from him just in order that he may owe the confirmation of his privilege to myself. Let all such grants be regarded as ratified and absolutely secure, and let those who write to thank me for the favours which the royal house has bestowed upon them not fail to renew their applications for more. Only let them give me time for new kindnesses, and understand that the favours they solicit must be such as they do not already possess. • A letter from Nerva to Tullius Justus Since I have made it my rule to preserve all arrangements begun and carried through in the previous reigns, the letters of Domitian must also remain valid. " ". None |
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16. Tertullian, Apology, 2.8, 18.8 (2nd cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Hadrian • Hadrian, emperor, edicts/letters • Tibur, Hadrian’s Villa, Canopus • Tibur, Hadrian’s Villa, Piazza d’Oro
Found in books: Czajkowski et al (2020) 187; Esler (2000) 80; Marek (2019) 537; Rizzi (2010) 126
| 2.8. If, again, it is certain that we are the most wicked of men, why do you treat us so differently from our fellows, that is, from other criminals, it being only fair that the same crime should get the same treatment? When the charges made against us are made against others, they are permitted to make use both of their own lips and of hired pleaders to show their innocence. They have full opportunity of answer and debate; in fact, it is against the law to condemn anybody undefended and unheard. Christians alone are forbidden to say anything in exculpation of themselves, in defense of the truth, to help the judge to a righteous decision; all that is cared about is having what the public hatred demands - the confession of the name, not examination of the charge: while in your ordinary judicial investigations, on a man's confession of the crime of murder, or sacrilege, or incest, or treason, to take the points of which we are accused, you are not content to proceed at once to sentence - you do not take that step till you thoroughly examine the circumstances of the confession - what is the real character of the deed, how often, where, in what way, when he has done it, who were privy to it, and who actually took part with him in it. Nothing like this is done in our case, though the falsehoods disseminated about us ought to have the same sifting, that it might be found how many murdered children each of us had tasted; how many incests each of us had shrouded in darkness; what cooks, what dogs had been witness of our deeds. Oh, how great the glory of the ruler who should bring to light some Christian who had devoured a hundred infants! But, instead of that, we find that even inquiry in regard to our case is forbidden. For the younger Pliny, when he was ruler of a province, having condemned some Christians to death, and driven some from their steadfastness, being still annoyed by their great numbers, at last sought the advice of Trajan, the reigning emperor, as to what he was to do with the rest, explaining to his master that, except an obstinate disinclination to offer sacrifices, he found in the religious services nothing but meetings at early morning for singing hymns to Christ and God, and sealing home their way of life by a united pledge to be faithful to their religion, forbidding murder, adultery, dishonesty, and other crimes. Upon this Trajan wrote back that Christians were by no means to be sought after; but if they were brought before him, they should be punished. O miserable deliverance - under the necessities of the case, a self-contradiction! It forbids them to be sought after as innocent, and it commands them to be punished as guilty. It is at once merciful and cruel; it passes by, and it punishes. Why do you play a game of evasion upon yourself, O Judgment? If you condemn, why do you not also inquire. If you do not inquire, why do you not also absolve? Military stations are distributed through all the provinces for tracking robbers. Against traitors and public foes every man is a soldier; search is made even for their confederates and accessories. The Christian alone must not be sought, though he may be brought and accused before the judge; as if a search had any other end than that in view! And so you condemn the man for whom nobody wished a search to be made when he is presented to you, and who even now does not deserve punishment, I suppose, because of his guilt, but because, though forbidden to be sought, he was found. And then, too, you do not in that case deal with us in the ordinary way of judicial proceedings against offenders; for, in the case of others denying, you apply the torture to make them confess - Christians alone you torture, to make them deny; whereas, if we were guilty of any crime, we should be sure to deny it, and you with your tortures would force us to confession. Nor indeed should you hold that our crimes require no such investigation merely on the ground that you are convinced by our confession of the name that the deeds were done - you who are daily wont, though you know well enough what murder is, none the less to extract from the confessed murderer a full account of how the crime was perpetrated. So that with all the greater perversity you act, when, holding our crimes proved by our confession of the name of Christ, you drive us by torture to fall from our confession, that, repudiating the name, we may in like manner repudiate also the crimes with which, from that same confession, you had assumed that we were chargeable. I suppose, though you believe us to be the worst of mankind, you do not wish us to perish. For thus, no doubt, you are in the habit of bidding the murderer deny, and of ordering the man guilty of sacrilege to the rack if he persevere in his acknowledgment! Is that the way of it? But if thus you do not deal with us as criminals, you declare us thereby innocent, when as innocent you are anxious that we do not persevere in a confession which you know will bring on us a condemnation of necessity, not of justice, at your hands. I am a Christian, the man cries out. He tells you what he is; you wish to hear from him what he is not. Occupying your place of authority to extort the truth, you do your utmost to get lies from us. I am, he says, that which you ask me if I am. Why do you torture me to sin? I confess, and you put me to the rack. What would you do if I denied? Certainly you give no ready credence to others when they deny. When we deny, you believe at once. Let this perversity of yours lead you to suspect that there is some hidden power in the case under whose influence you act against the forms, against the nature of public justice, even against the very laws themselves. For, unless I am greatly mistaken, the laws enjoin offenders to be searched out, and not to be hidden away. They lay it down that persons who own a crime are to be condemned, not acquitted. The decrees of the senate, the commands of your chiefs, lay this clearly down. The power of which you are servants is a civil, not a tyrannical domination. Among tyrants, indeed, torments used to be inflicted even as punishments: with you they are mitigated to a means of questioning alone. Keep to your law in these as necessary till confession is obtained; and if the torture is anticipated by confession, there will be no occasion for it: sentence should be passed; the criminal should be given over to the penalty which is his due, not released. Accordingly, no one is eager for the acquittal of the guilty; it is not right to desire that, and so no one is ever compelled to deny. Well, you think the Christian a man of every crime, an enemy of the gods, of the emperor, of the laws, of good morals, of all nature; yet you compel him to deny, that you may acquit him, which without him denial you could not do. You play fast and loose with the laws. You wish him to deny his guilt, that you may, even against his will, bring him out blameless and free from all guilt in reference to the past! Whence is this strange perversity on your part? How is it you do not reflect that a spontaneous confession is greatly more worthy of credit than a compelled denial; or consider whether, when compelled to deny, a man's denial may not be in good faith, and whether acquitted, he may not, then and there, as soon as the trial is over, laugh at your hostility, a Christian as much as ever? Seeing, then, that in everything you deal differently with us than with other criminals, bent upon the one object of taking from us our name (indeed, it is ours no more if we do what Christians never do), it is made perfectly clear that there is no crime of any kind in the case, but merely a name which a certain system, ever working against the truth, pursues with its enmity, doing this chiefly with the object of securing that men may have no desire to know for certain what they know for certain they are entirely ignorant of. Hence, too, it is that they believe about us things of which they have no proof, and they are disinclined to have them looked into, lest the charges, they would rather take on trust, are all proved to have no foundation, that the name so hostile to that rival power - its crimes presumed, not proved- may be condemned simply on its own confession. So we are put to the torture if we confess, and we are punished if we persevere, and if we deny we are acquitted, because all the contention is about a name. Finally, why do you read out of your tablet-lists that such a man is a Christian? Why not also that he is a murderer? And if a Christian is a murderer, why not guilty, too, of incest, or any other vile thing you believe of us? In our case alone you are either ashamed or unwilling to mention the very names of our crimes - If to be called a Christian does not imply any crime, the name is surely very hateful, when that of itself is made a crime. " "
18.8. But, that we might attain an ampler and more authoritative knowledge at once of Himself, and of His counsels and will, God has added a written revelation for the benefit of every one whose heart is set on seeking Him, that seeking he may find, and finding believe, and believing obey. For from the first He sent messengers into the world - men whose stainless righteousness made them worthy to know the Most High, and to reveal Him - men abundantly endowed with the Holy Spirit, that they might proclaim that there is one God only who made all things, who formed man from the dust of the ground (for He is the true Prometheus who gave order to the world by arranging the seasons and their course) - these have further set before us the proofs He has given of His majesty in His judgments by floods and fires, the rules appointed by Him for securing His favour, as well as the retribution in store for the ignoring, forsaking and keeping them, as being about at the end of all to adjudge His worshippers to everlasting life, and the wicked to the doom of fire at once without ending and without break, raising up again all the dead from the beginning, reforming and renewing them with the object of awarding either recompense. Once these things were with us, too, the theme of ridicule. We are of your stock and nature: men are made, not born, Christians. The preachers of whom we have spoken are called prophets, from the office which belongs to them of predicting the future. Their words, as well as the miracles which they performed, that men might have faith in their divine authority, we have still in the literary treasures they have left, and which are open to all. Ptolemy, surnamed Philadelphus, the most learned of his race, a man of vast acquaintance with all literature, emulating, I imagine, the book enthusiasm of Pisistratus, among other remains of the past which either their antiquity or something of peculiar interest made famous, at the suggestion of Demetrius Phalereus, who was renowned above all grammarians of his time, and to whom he had committed the management of these things, applied to the Jews for their writings - I mean the writings peculiar to them and in their tongue, which they alone possessed, for from themselves, as a people dear to God for their fathers' sake, their prophets had ever sprung, and to them they had ever spoken. Now in ancient times the people we call Jews bare the name of Hebrews, and so both their writings and their speech were Hebrew. But that the understanding of their books might not be wanting, this also the Jews supplied to Ptolemy; for they gave him seventy-two interpreters - men whom the philosopher Menedemus, the well-known asserter of a Providence, regarded with respect as sharing in his views. The same account is given by Arist us. So the king left these works unlocked to all, in the Greek language. To this day, at the temple of Serapis, the libraries of Ptolemy are to be seen, with the identical Hebrew originals in them. The Jews, too, read them publicly. Under a tribute-liberty, they are in the habit of going to hear them every Sabbath. Whoever gives ear will find God in them; whoever takes pains to understand, will be compelled to believe. "". None |
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17. None, None, nan (2nd cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Hadrian
Found in books: Gygax and Zuiderhoek (2021) 203; Heller and van Nijf (2017) 390; Stanton (2021) 89; Trapp et al (2016) 4
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18. None, None, nan (2nd cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Antinous, Hadrians role in cults establishment • Hadrian, and Antinous • Hadrian, emperor
Found in books: Renberg (2017) 517; Waldner et al (2016) 76
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19. None, None, nan (2nd cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Hadrian • Hadrian, emperor • Hadrian,, legislation under • intestate succession, Hadrian’s letter
Found in books: Bruun and Edmondson (2015) 288; Phang (2001) 309; Talbert (1984) 446; Tuori (2016) 237
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20. None, None, nan (2nd cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Hadrian • Hadrian,, legislation under
Found in books: Price Finkelberg and Shahar (2021) 115; Talbert (1984) 447
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21. None, None, nan (2nd cent. CE - 5th cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Hadrian • persecution, Hadrianic
Found in books: Nikolsky and Ilan (2014) 316, 330; Salvesen et al (2020) 378
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22. None, None, nan (2nd cent. CE - 5th cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Hadrian • Tibur, Hadrian’s Villa, Canopus • Tibur, Hadrian’s Villa, Piazza d’Oro
Found in books: Hasan Rokem (2003) 87, 92, 103, 104; Rizzi (2010) 104; Salvesen et al (2020) 370
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23. Eusebius of Caesarea, Ecclesiastical History, 4.3.1-4.3.2, 4.6.2, 4.6.4, 4.9, 4.9.1-4.9.3, 5.17.2 (3rd cent. CE - 4th cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Hadrian • Hadrian (emperor), • Hadrian, emperor, edicts/letters • Tibur, Hadrian’s Villa, Canopus • Tibur, Hadrian’s Villa, Piazza d’Oro • gymnasiarch, Hadrian • rescripts, of Hadrian
Found in books: Breytenbach and Tzavella (2022) 13, 14, 104; Grabbe (2010) 29; Huttner (2013) 214; Levine (2005) 212; Marek (2019) 537; Rizzi (2010) 76, 77, 80, 82; Stanton (2021) 174
| 4.3.1. After Trajan had reigned for nineteen and a half years Aelius Hadrian became his successor in the empire. To him Quadratus addressed a discourse containing an apology for our religion, because certain wicked men had attempted to trouble the Christians. The work is still in the hands of a great many of the brethren, as also in our own, and furnishes clear proofs of the man's understanding and of his apostolic orthodoxy." '4.3.2. He himself reveals the early date at which he lived in the following words: But the works of our Saviour were always present, for they were genuine: — those that were healed, and those that were raised from the dead, who were seen not only when they were healed and when they were raised, but were also always present; and not merely while the Saviour was on earth, but also after his death, they were alive for quite a while, so that some of them lived even to our day. Such then was Quadratus.
4.6.2. The leader of the Jews at this time was a man by the name of Barcocheba (which signifies a star), who possessed the character of a robber and a murderer, but nevertheless, relying upon his name, boasted to them, as if they were slaves, that he possessed wonderful powers; and he pretended that he was a star that had come down to them out of heaven to bring them light in the midst of their misfortunes.
4.6.4. And thus, when the city had been emptied of the Jewish nation and had suffered the total destruction of its ancient inhabitants, it was colonized by a different race, and the Roman city which subsequently arose changed its name and was called Aelia, in honor of the emperor Aelius Hadrian. And as the church there was now composed of Gentiles, the first one to assume the government of it after the bishops of the circumcision was Marcus.
4.9.1. To Minucius Fundanus. I have received an epistle, written to me by Serennius Granianus, a most illustrious man, whom you have succeeded. It does not seem right to me that the matter should be passed by without examination, lest the men be harassed and opportunity be given to the informers for practicing villainy.' "
4.9.2. If, therefore, the inhabitants of the province can clearly sustain this petition against the Christians so as to give answer in a court of law, let them pursue this course alone, but let them not have resort to men's petitions and outcries. For it is far more proper, if any one wishes to make an accusation, that you should examine into it." "
4.9.3. If any one therefore accuses them and shows that they are doing anything contrary to the laws, do you pass judgment according to the heinousness of the crime. But, by Hercules! If any one bring an accusation through mere calumny, decide in regard to his criminality, and see to it that you inflict punishment.Such are the contents of Hadrian's rescript." '
5.17.2. A little further on in the same work he gives a list of those who prophesied under the new covet, among whom he enumerates a certain Ammia and Quadratus, saying:But the false prophet falls into an ecstasy, in which he is without shame or fear. Beginning with purposed ignorance, he passes on, as has been stated, to involuntary madness of soul.' ". None |
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24. None, None, nan (3rd cent. CE - 4th cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Emperors and Egypt, Hadrian • Hadrian • Hadrian,
Found in books: Edelmann-Singer et al (2020) 265; Edmonds (2019) 184; Manolaraki (2012) 230
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25. None, None, nan (4th cent. CE - 5th cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Antinous, Hadrian’ Favourite • Antinous, Hadrian’s favorite • Emperors and Egypt, Hadrian • Hadrian • Hadrian (Emperor) • Hadrian (Emperor), and comedy • Hadrian (emp.) • Hadrian, Emperor • Hadrian, as artist • Hadrian, emperor • Phlegon of Tralles, Hadrian’s freedman • Tibur, Hadrian’s Villa • Tibur, Hadrian’s Villa, Canopus • Tibur, Hadrian’s Villa, Palestra • Tibur, Hadrian’s Villa, Piazza d’Oro • beard, Hadrian's beard or classicizing beard • cultic center of Isis, Hadrian’s garden at Tivoli known as
Found in books: Athanassaki and Titchener (2022) 50; Baumann and Liotsakis (2022) 233; Borg (2008) 161, 374, 383, 387, 391, 392; Bowen and Rochberg (2020) 305; Bruun and Edmondson (2015) 18; Csapo (2022) 110, 169; Lampe (2003) 280; Manolaraki (2012) 225, 230, 232; Poulsen and Jönsson (2021) 81; Price Finkelberg and Shahar (2021) 243, 245; Rizzi (2010) 47, 58, 71, 113, 119; Rutledge (2012) 84; Tuori (2016) 225; Zanker (1996) 218, 259
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26. None, None, nan (4th cent. CE - 5th cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Hadrian, emperor • Tibur, Hadrian’s Villa, Canopus • Tibur, Hadrian’s Villa, Piazza d’Oro
Found in books: Rizzi (2010) 76; Van Nuffelen (2012) 189
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27. None, None, nan (4th cent. CE - 5th cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Antinous, Hadrians role in cults establishment • Antinous, Hadrian’ Favourite • Hadrian, and Antinous • Tibur, Hadrian’s Villa, Canopus • Tibur, Hadrian’s Villa, Piazza d’Oro
Found in books: Renberg (2017) 517; Rizzi (2010) 119
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28. Epigraphy, Ig Ii2, 1078-1079
Tagged with subjects: • Arch of Hadrian (Athens) • Hadrian
Found in books: Mackil and Papazarkadas (2020) 91, 97; Tanaseanu-Döbler and von Alvensleben (2020) 51
| 1078. The People decided. Arabianos was archon; - was the prytany; Eutychos was secretary; - was chairman; Dryantianos archon of the Eumolpidai proposed: since we continue even now, as also (5) throughout times past, to celebrate the Mysteries, and tradition obliges the genos of the Eumolpidai to have considered how the sacred objects should be brought in good order both hither from Eleusis and back again from the city to Eleusis, for good fortune the People shall decide, to (10) require the superintendent of the ephebes in accordance with ancient custom to lead the ephebes to Eleusis on the thirteenth of Boedromion with the dignity usual to a procession with sacred objects, in order that on the fourteenth they may convey the sacred objects to the Eleusinion under (15) the (Acro)polis, so that there should be more good order and a larger escort for the sacred objects, since also the Brightener of the two Goddesses traditionally reports to the priestess of Athena that the sacred objects have come and the escorting host; and in the same way on the nineteenth of Boedromion to require (20) the superintendent of the ephebes to lead the ephebes back to Eleusis accompanying the sacred objects with the same dignity; and that the future superintendents should do this every year, so that there should never be any omission or reduction in the piety shown towards the two Goddesses; (25) and all the ephebes shall take part in the procession, in full armour, crowned with a myrtle crown, proceeding in military formation; and since we oblige the ephebes to process such a great distance, they shall take part in the sacrifices and libations and paians on the way, (30) so that the sacred objects may be led with a stronger? escort and a longer procession, and the ephebes in participating in the city’s cultivation of the divine should also become more pious men; and all the ephebes will partake in everything which (35) the archon of the genos provides for the Eumolpidai, and especially the distribution; and this decision shall be notified to the Council of the Areopagos and the Council of 500 and to the hierophant and the genos of the Eumolpidai; and the treasurer of the genos of the Eumolpidai (40) shall inscribe this decree on three stelai and stand one in the Eleusinion under the (Acro)polis, another in the Diogeneion, and another at Eleusis in the sanctuary in front of the Council chamber. text from Attic Inscriptions Online, IG II2
1078 - On the conveyance of sacred objects for the Eleusinian Mysteries ' '. None |
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29. None, None, nan
Tagged with subjects: • Antinous, Hadrian’s lover • Hadrian • Hadrian, emperor
Found in books: Arthur-Montagne DiGiulio and Kuin (2022) 197; Bruun and Edmondson (2015) 42, 94, 413, 481, 498; Eckhardt (2019) 29, 134
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30. None, None, nan
Tagged with subjects: • Hadrian • Hadrian, honorific inscription in bouleuterion • Hadrian, letters to Ephesian boule
Found in books: Heller and van Nijf (2017) 381; Kalinowski (2021) 302, 303
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31. None, None, nan
Tagged with subjects: • Hadrian • Hadrian,, ab actis senatus
Found in books: Athanassaki and Titchener (2022) 50; Talbert (1984) 311
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32. None, None, nan
Tagged with subjects: • Hadrian • Hadrian, emperor • Hadrian, interest of, in festival contests • Hadrian, letters to Dionysiac technitae • epistulae, letters, formal, Hadrian
Found in books: Bruun and Edmondson (2015) 266, 289, 361; Czajkowski et al (2020) 214, 228, 233; Eckhardt (2019) 132, 142; Kalinowski (2021) 175, 191
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33. None, None, nan
Tagged with subjects: • Hadrian
Found in books: Czajkowski et al (2020) 92; Katzoff(2005) 37
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