1. Hesiod, Theogony, 71-74, 106, 116-122, 126-127, 133-135, 157-158, 185-207, 482-483, 755-757, 881-887, 892-893, 896, 924-929 (8th cent. BCE - 7th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Earth (Gaea) • Earth (Gaea), as Demeter • Earth (Gaea), at Delphi • Earth (Gaea), cult of • Earth,Gaia, Ge • Ge • Ge (Gaea/Gaia, goddess) • Ge Hedraia • Ge, earthly existence • Mother of the Gods, as Earth (Gaea) • Zeus, and Gaea • earth/Earth/Gaea
Found in books: Eidinow and Kindt (2015), The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Greek Religion, 371; Gaifman (2012), Aniconism in Greek Antiquity, 153; Iribarren and Koning (2022), Hesiod and the Beginnings of Greek Philosophy, 26, 27, 44, 111, 163, 167, 205, 225, 232, 241; Jim (2022), Saviour Gods and Soteria in Ancient Greece, 12, 109; Munn (2006), The Mother of the Gods, Athens, and the Tyranny of Asia: A Study of Sovereignty in Ancient Religion. 33, 35, 56, 337; Pirenne-Delforge and Pironti (2022), The Hera of Zeus: Intimate Enemy, Ultimate Spouse, 159; Waldner et al. (2016), Burial Rituals, Ideas of Afterlife, and the Individual in the Hellenistic World and the Roman Empire, 37, 54; de Jáuregui (2010), Orphism and Christianity in Late Antiquity, 100, 121
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71 νισσομένων πατέρʼ εἰς ὅν· ὃ δʼ οὐρανῷ ἐμβασιλεύει, 72 αὐτὸς ἔχων βροντὴν ἠδʼ αἰθαλόεντα κεραυνόν, 73 κάρτει νικήσας πατέρα Κρόνον· εὖ δὲ ἕκαστα 74 ἀθανάτοις διέταξεν ὁμῶς καὶ ἐπέφραδε τιμάς.
106 οἳ Γῆς τʼ ἐξεγένοντο καὶ Οὐρανοῦ ἀστερόεντος,116 ἦ τοι μὲν πρώτιστα Χάος γένετʼ, αὐτὰρ ἔπειτα 117 Γαῖʼ εὐρύστερνος, πάντων ἕδος ἀσφαλὲς αἰεὶ 118 ἀθανάτων, οἳ ἔχουσι κάρη νιφόεντος Ὀλύμπου, 119 Τάρταρά τʼ ἠερόεντα μυχῷ χθονὸς εὐρυοδείης, 120 ἠδʼ Ἔρος, ὃς κάλλιστος ἐν ἀθανάτοισι θεοῖσι, 121 λυσιμελής, πάντων δὲ θεῶν πάντων τʼ ἀνθρώπων 122 δάμναται ἐν στήθεσσι νόον καὶ ἐπίφρονα βουλήν.
126 Γαῖα δέ τοι πρῶτον μὲν ἐγείνατο ἶσον ἑαυτῇ 127 Οὐρανὸν ἀστερόενθʼ, ἵνα μιν περὶ πάντα καλύπτοι,
133 Οὐρανῷ εὐνηθεῖσα τέκʼ Ὠκεανὸν βαθυδίνην, 134 Κοῖόν τε Κρῖόν θʼ Ὑπερίονά τʼ Ἰαπετόν τε 135 Θείαν τε Ῥείαν τε Θέμιν τε Μνημοσύνην τε
157 πάντας ἀποκρύπτασκε, καὶ ἐς φάος οὐκ ἀνίεσκε, 158 Γαίης ἐν κευθμῶνι, κακῷ δʼ ἐπετέρπετο ἔργῳ
185 γείνατʼ Ἐρινῦς τε κρατερὰς μεγάλους τε Γίγαντας, 186 τεύχεσι λαμπομένους, δολίχʼ ἔγχεα χερσὶν ἔχοντας, 187 Νύμφας θʼ ἃς Μελίας καλέουσʼ ἐπʼ ἀπείρονα γαῖαν. 188 μήδεα δʼ ὡς τὸ πρῶτον ἀποτμήξας ἀδάμαντι 189 κάββαλʼ ἀπʼ ἠπείροιο πολυκλύστῳ ἐνὶ πόντῳ, 190 ὣς φέρετʼ ἂμ πέλαγος πουλὺν χρόνον, ἀμφὶ δὲ λευκὸς 191 ἀφρὸς ἀπʼ ἀθανάτου χροὸς ὤρνυτο· τῷ δʼ ἔνι κούρη 192 ἐθρέφθη· πρῶτον δὲ Κυθήροισιν ζαθέοισιν 193 ἔπλητʼ, ἔνθεν ἔπειτα περίρρυτον ἵκετο Κύπρον. 194 ἐκ δʼ ἔβη αἰδοίη καλὴ θεός, ἀμφὶ δὲ ποίη 195 ποσσὶν ὕπο ῥαδινοῖσιν ἀέξετο· τὴν δʼ Ἀφροδίτην 196 ἀφρογενέα τε θεὰν καὶ ἐυστέφανον Κυθέρειαν 197 κικλῄσκουσι θεοί τε καὶ ἀνέρες, οὕνεκʼ ἐν ἀφρῷ 198 θρέφθη· ἀτὰρ Κυθέρειαν, ὅτι προσέκυρσε Κυθήροις· 199 Κυπρογενέα δʼ, ὅτι γέντο πολυκλύστῳ ἐνὶ Κύπρῳ· 200 ἠδὲ φιλομμηδέα, ὅτι μηδέων ἐξεφαάνθη. 201 τῇ δʼ Ἔρος ὡμάρτησε καὶ Ἵμερος ἕσπετο καλὸς 202 γεινομένῃ τὰ πρῶτα θεῶν τʼ ἐς φῦλον ἰούσῃ. 203 ταύτην δʼ ἐξ ἀρχῆς τιμὴν ἔχει ἠδὲ λέλογχε 204 μοῖραν ἐν ἀνθρώποισι καὶ ἀθανάτοισι θεοῖσι, 205 παρθενίους τʼ ὀάρους μειδήματά τʼ ἐξαπάτας τε 206 τέρψιν τε γλυκερὴν φιλότητά τε μειλιχίην τε. 207 τοὺς δὲ πατὴρ Τιτῆνας ἐπίκλησιν καλέεσκε
482 πρώτην ἐς Λύκτον· κρύψεν δέ ἑ χερσὶ λαβοῦσα 483 ἄντρῳ ἐν ἠλιβάτῳ, ζαθέης ὑπὸ κεύθεσι γαίης,
755 ἣ μὲν ἐπιχθονίοισι φάος πολυδερκὲς ἔχουσα, 756 ἣ δʼ Ὕπνον μετὰ χερσί, κασίγνητον Θανάτοιο. 757 Νὺξ ὀλοή, νεφέλῃ κεκαλυμμένη ἠεροειδεῖ.
881 αὐτὰρ ἐπεί ῥα πόνον μάκαρες θεοὶ ἐξετέλεσσαν, 882 Τιτήνεσσι δὲ τιμάων κρίναντο βίηφι, 883 δή ῥα τότʼ ὤτρυνον βασιλευέμεν ἠδὲ ἀνάσσειν 884 Γαίης φραδμοσύνῃσιν Ὀλύμπιον εὐρύοπα Ζῆν 885 ἀθανάτων· ὃ δὲ τοῖσιν ἑὰς διεδάσσατο τιμάς. 886 Ζεὺς δὲ θεῶν βασιλεὺς πρώτην ἄλοχον θέτο Μῆτιν 887 πλεῖστα τε ἰδυῖαν ἰδὲ θνητῶν ἀνθρώπων.
892 τὼς γάρ οἱ φρασάτην, ἵνα μὴ βασιληίδα τιμὴν 893 ἄλλος ἔχοι Διὸς ἀντὶ θεῶν αἰειγενετάων.
896 ἶσον ἔχουσαν πατρὶ μένος καὶ ἐπίφρονα βουλήν.
924 αὐτὸς δʼ ἐκ κεφαλῆς γλαυκώπιδα Τριτογένειαν 925 δεινὴν ἐγρεκύδοιμον ἀγέστρατον Ἀτρυτώνην 926 πότνιαν, ᾗ κέλαδοί τε ἅδον πόλεμοί τε μάχαι τε, 927 Ἥρη δʼ Ἥφαιστον κλυτὸν οὐ φιλότητι μιγεῖσα 928 γείνατο, καὶ ζαμένησε καὶ ἤρισε ᾧ παρακοίτῃ, 929 Ἥφαιστον, φιλότητος ἄτερ Διὸς αἰγιόχοιο, 929 Μῆτις δʼ αὖτε Ζηνὸς ὑπὸ σπλάγχνοις λελαθυῖα 929 ἀθανάτων ἐκέκασθʼ οἳ Ὀλύμπια δώματʼ ἔχουσιν, 929 αἰγίδα ποιήσασα φοβέστρατον ἔντος Ἀθήνης· 929 αὐτὰρ ὅ γʼ Ὠκεανοῦ καὶ Τηθύος ἠυκόμοιο 929 δείσας, μὴ τέξῃ κρατερώτερον ἄλλο κεραυνοῦ. 929 ἔνθα θεὰ παρέδεκτο ὅθεν παλάμαις περὶ πάντων 929 ἐκ πάντων παλάμῃσι κεκασμένον Οὐρανιώνων· 929 ἐκ ταύτης δʼ ἔριδος ἣ μὲν τέκε φαίδιμον υἱὸν 929 ἐξαπαφὼν Μῆτιν καίπερ πολυδήνεʼ ἐοῦσαν. 929 ἧστο, Ἀθηναίης μήτηρ, τέκταινα δικαίων 929 κάππιεν ἐξαπίνης· ἣ δʼ αὐτίκα Παλλάδʼ Ἀθήνην 929 κούρῃ νόσφʼ Ἥρης παρελέξατο καλλιπαρήῳ, 929 κύσατο· τὴν μὲν ἔτικτε πατὴρ ἀνδρῶν τε θεῶν τε 929 πὰρ κορυφὴν Τρίτωνος ἐπʼ ὄχθῃσιν ποταμοῖο. 929 πλεῖστα θεῶν τε ἰδυῖα καταθνητῶν τʼ ἀνθρώπων, 929 σὺν τῇ ἐγείνατό μιν πολεμήια τεύχεʼ ἔχουσαν. 929 συμμάρψας δʼ ὅ γε χερσὶν ἑὴν ἐγκάτθετο νηδὺν 929 τοὔνεκά μιν Κρονίδης ὑψίζυγος αἰθέρι ναίων 929 Ἥρη δὲ ζαμένησε καὶ ἤρισε ᾧ παρακοίτῃ. 929 ἐκ πάντων τέχνῃσι κεκασμένον Οὐρανιώνων. ' None | sup>
71 The Graces and Desire dwelt quite free 72 of care while singing songs delightfully 73 of the gods’ laws and all the goodly way 74 of the immortals. offering up their praise
106 Loved by the Muses, for sweet speaking flow116 A pleasing song and laud the company 117 of the immortal gods, and those created 118 In earthly regions and those generated 119 In Heaven and Night and in the briny sea. 120 Tell how the gods and Earth first came to be, 121 The streams, the swelling sea and up on high 122 The gleaming stars, broad Heaven in the sky,
126 To many-valed Olympus found their way. 127 Therefore, Olympian Muses, tell to me,
133 Then Eros, fairest of the deathless ones, 134 Who weakens all the gods and men and stun 135 Their prudent judgment. Chaos then created
157 Brontes, who gave the thunderbolt to Zeus, 158 And Steropes, who also for his use
185 “Children, your father’s sinful, so hear me,” 186 She said, “that he might pay the penalty.” 187 They stood in silent fear at what she’d said, 188 But wily Cronus put aside his dread 189 And answered, “I will do what must be done, 190 Mother. I don’t respect The Evil One.” 191 At what he said vast Earth was glad at heart 192 And in an ambush set her child apart 193 And told him everything she had in mind. 194 Great Heaven brought the night and, since he pined 195 To couple, lay with Earth. Cronus revealed 196 Himself from where he had been well concealed, 197 Stretched out one hand and with the other gripped 198 The great, big, jagged sickle and then ripped 199 His father’s genitals off immediately 200 And cast them down, nor did they fruitlessly 201 Descend behind him, because Earth conceived 202 The Furies and the Giants, who all wore 203 Bright-gleaming armour, and long spears they bore, 204 And the Nymphs, called Meliae by everyone; 205 And when the flinty sickle’s work was done, 206 Then Cronus cast into the surging sea 207 His father’s genitals which were to be
482 And on the earth and in the heavens, she 483 Still holds. And since Hecate does not posse
755 As did the Ocean and the barren sea, 756 And round the Titan band, Earth’s progeny, 757 Hot vapour lapped, and up to the bright air
881 of Chaos. But the glorious allie 882 of thunderous Zeus dwell where the Ocean lies, 883 Even Cottus and Gyes. But Briareus, 884 Because he is upright, the clamorou 885 Earth-Shaker made his son-in-law, for he 886 Gave him in marriage to his progeny 887 Cymopolea. When Zeus, in the war,
892 He did the lad was strong, untiring 893 When running, and upon his shoulders spread
896 His eyes a flashing flame was seen to glow;
924 Beneath that Hell, residing with the lord 925 Cronus, shook too at the disharmony 926 And dreadful clamour. When his weaponry, 927 Thunder and lightning, Zeus had seized, his might 928 Well-shored, from high Olympus he took flight, 929 Lashed out at him and burned that prodigy, ' None |
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2. Homer, Iliad, 3.103, 3.274, 3.277, 14.201, 14.246, 14.271-14.273, 14.278, 14.302, 15.36-15.38 (8th cent. BCE - 7th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Earth (Gaea) • Earth (Gaia/Ge),oaths invoking • Earth,Gaia, Ge • Ge (Gaea/Gaia, goddess) • Mother of the Gods, as Earth (Gaea) • Zeus, and Gaea • earth/Earth/Gaea
Found in books: Eidinow and Kindt (2015), The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Greek Religion, 359, 371; Iribarren and Koning (2022), Hesiod and the Beginnings of Greek Philosophy, 43, 325; Munn (2006), The Mother of the Gods, Athens, and the Tyranny of Asia: A Study of Sovereignty in Ancient Religion. 33; Sommerstein and Torrance (2014), Oaths and Swearing in Ancient Greece, 143, 153, 197; de Jáuregui (2010), Orphism and Christianity in Late Antiquity, 52
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3.103 οἴσετε ἄρνʼ, ἕτερον λευκόν, ἑτέρην δὲ μέλαιναν,
3.274 κήρυκες Τρώων καὶ Ἀχαιῶν νεῖμαν ἀρίστοις.
3.277 Ἠέλιός θʼ, ὃς πάντʼ ἐφορᾷς καὶ πάντʼ ἐπακούεις,
14.201 Ὠκεανόν τε θεῶν γένεσιν καὶ μητέρα Τηθύν,
14.246 Ὠκεανοῦ, ὅς περ γένεσις πάντεσσι τέτυκται·
14.271 ἄγρει νῦν μοι ὄμοσσον ἀάατον Στυγὸς ὕδωρ, 14.272 χειρὶ δὲ τῇ ἑτέρῃ μὲν ἕλε χθόνα πουλυβότειραν, 14.273 τῇ δʼ ἑτέρῃ ἅλα μαρμαρέην, ἵνα νῶϊν ἅπαντες
14.278 ὄμνυε δʼ ὡς ἐκέλευε, θεοὺς δʼ ὀνόμηνεν ἅπαντας
15.36 ἴστω νῦν τόδε Γαῖα καὶ Οὐρανὸς εὐρὺς ὕπερθε 15.37 καὶ τὸ κατειβόμενον Στυγὸς ὕδωρ, ὅς τε μέγιστος 15.38 ὅρκος δεινότατός τε πέλει μακάρεσσι θεοῖσι,'' None | sup>
3.103 because of my quarrel and Alexander's beginning thereof. And for whichsoever of us twain death and fate are appointed, let him lie dead; but be ye others parted with all speed. Bring ye two lambs, a white ram and a black ewe, for Earth and Sun, and for Zeus we will bring another; " 3.274 and poured water over the hands of the kings. And the son of Atreus drew forth with his hand the knife that ever hung beside the great sheath of his sword, and cut hair from off the heads of the lambs; and the heralds portioned it out to the chieftans of the Trojans and Achaeans.
3.277 Then in their midst Agamemnon lifted up his hands and prayed aloud:Father Zeus, that rulest from Ida, most glorious, most great, and thou Sun, that beholdest all things and hearest all things, and ye rivers and thou earth, and ye that in the world below take vengeance on men that are done with life, whosoever hath sworn a false oath;
14.201 For I am faring to visit the limits of the all-nurturing earth, and Oceanus, from whom the gods are sprung, and mother Tethys, even them that lovingly nursed and cherished me in their halls, when they had taken me from Rhea, what time Zeus, whose voice is borne afar, thrust Cronos down to dwell beneath earth and the unresting sea.
14.246 Oceanus, from whom they all are sprung; but to Zeus, son of Cronos, will I not draw nigh, neither lull him to slumber, unless of himself he bid me. For ere now in another matter did a behest of thine teach me a lesson,
14.271 So spake she, and Sleep waxed glad, and made answer saying:Come now, swear to me by the inviolable water of Styx, and with one hand lay thou hold of the bounteous earth, and with the other of the shimmering sea, that one and all they may be witnesses betwixt us twain, even the gods that are below with Cronos,
14.278 that verily thou wilt give me one of the youthful Graces, even Pasithea, that myself I long for all my days. So spake he, and the goddess, white-armed Hera, failed not to hearken, but sware as he bade, and invoked by name all the gods below Tartarus, that are called Titans.
14.302 Then with crafty mind the queenly Hera spake unto him:I am faring to visit the limits of the all-nurturing earth, and Oceanus, from whom the gods are sprung, and mother Tethys, even them that lovingly nursed me and cherished me in their halls. Them am I faring to visit, and will loose for them their endless strife,
15.36 and she spake and addressed him with winged words:Hereto now be Earth my witness and the broad Heaven above, and the down-flowing water of Styx, which is the greatest and most dread oath for the blessed gods, and thine own sacred head, and the couch of us twain, couch of our wedded love, 15.38 and she spake and addressed him with winged words:Hereto now be Earth my witness and the broad Heaven above, and the down-flowing water of Styx, which is the greatest and most dread oath for the blessed gods, and thine own sacred head, and the couch of us twain, couch of our wedded love, '" None |
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3. None, None, nan (6th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Earth (Gaea) • Earth (Gaea), at Delphi • Earth (Gaea), cult of • Ge (Gaea/Gaia, goddess)
Found in books: Eidinow and Kindt (2015), The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Greek Religion, 483; Munn (2006), The Mother of the Gods, Athens, and the Tyranny of Asia: A Study of Sovereignty in Ancient Religion. 148, 337
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4. Herodotus, Histories, 2.53 (5th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Ge (Gaea/Gaia, goddess) • earth/Earth/Gaea
Found in books: Eidinow and Kindt (2015), The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Greek Religion, 371, 372; Iribarren and Koning (2022), Hesiod and the Beginnings of Greek Philosophy, 1, 47, 98
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2.53 ἔνθεν δὲ ἐγένοντο ἕκαστος τῶν θεῶν, εἴτε αἰεὶ ἦσαν πάντες, ὁκοῖοί τε τινὲς τὰ εἴδεα, οὐκ ἠπιστέατο μέχρι οὗ πρώην τε καὶ χθὲς ὡς εἰπεῖν λόγῳ. Ἡσίοδον γὰρ καὶ Ὅμηρον ἡλικίην τετρακοσίοισι ἔτεσι δοκέω μευ πρεσβυτέρους γενέσθαι καὶ οὐ πλέοσι· οὗτοι δὲ εἰσὶ οἱ ποιήσαντες θεογονίην Ἕλλησι καὶ τοῖσι θεοῖσι τὰς ἐπωνυμίας δόντες καὶ τιμάς τε καὶ τέχνας διελόντες καὶ εἴδεα αὐτῶν σημήναντες. οἱ δὲ πρότερον ποιηταὶ λεγόμενοι τούτων τῶν ἀνδρῶν γενέσθαι ὕστερον, ἔμοιγε δοκέειν, ἐγένοντο. τούτων τὰ μὲν πρῶτα αἱ Δωδωνίδες ἱρεῖαι λέγουσι, τὰ δὲ ὕστερα τὰ ἐς Ἡσίοδόν τε καὶ Ὅμηρον ἔχοντα ἐγὼ λέγω.'' None | sup>
2.53 But whence each of the gods came to be, or whether all had always been, and how they appeared in form, they did not know until yesterday or the day before, so to speak; ,for I suppose Hesiod and Homer flourished not more than four hundred years earlier than I; and these are the ones who taught the Greeks the descent of the gods, and gave the gods their names, and determined their spheres and functions, and described their outward forms. ,But the poets who are said to have been earlier than these men were, in my opinion, later. The earlier part of all this is what the priestesses of Dodona tell; the later, that which concerns Hesiod and Homer, is what I myself say. '' None |
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5. Thucydides, The History of The Peloponnesian War, 2.15.3-2.15.4 (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Earth (Gaea) • Earth (Gaea), cult of • Ge Olympia • Mother of the Gods, as Earth (Gaea) • Zeus, and Gaea
Found in books: Lalone (2019), Athena Itonia: Geography and Meaning of an Ancient Greek War Goddess, 174; Munn (2006), The Mother of the Gods, Athens, and the Tyranny of Asia: A Study of Sovereignty in Ancient Religion. 32, 257
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2.15.3 τὸ δὲ πρὸ τοῦ ἡ ἀκρόπολις ἡ νῦν οὖσα πόλις ἦν, καὶ τὸ ὑπ’ αὐτὴν πρὸς νότον μάλιστα τετραμμένον. 2.15.4 τεκμήριον δέ: τὰ γὰρ ἱερὰ ἐν αὐτῇ τῇ ἀκροπόλει † καὶ ἄλλων θεῶν ἐστὶ καὶ τὰ ἔξω πρὸς τοῦτο τὸ μέρος τῆς πόλεως μᾶλλον ἵδρυται, τό τε τοῦ Διὸς τοῦ Ὀλυμπίου καὶ τὸ Πύθιον καὶ τὸ τῆς Γῆς καὶ τὸ <τοῦ> ἐν Λίμναις Διονύσου, ᾧ τὰ ἀρχαιότερα Διονύσια τῇ δωδεκάτῃ ποιεῖται ἐν μηνὶ Ἀνθεστηριῶνι, ὥσπερ καὶ οἱ ἀπ’ Ἀθηναίων Ἴωνες ἔτι καὶ νῦν νομίζουσιν. ἵδρυται δὲ καὶ ἄλλα ἱερὰ ταύτῃ ἀρχαῖα.'' None | sup>
2.15.3 Before this the city consisted of the present citadel and the district beneath it looking rather towards the south. 2.15.4 This is shown by the fact that the temples the other deities, besides that of Athena, are in the citadel; and even those that are outside it are mostly situated in this quarter of the city, as that of the Olympian Zeus, of the Pythian Apollo, of Earth, and of Dionysus in the Marshes, the same in whose honor the older Dionysia are to this day celebrated in the month of Anthesterion not only by the Athenians but also by their Ionian descendants. '' None |
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6. None, None, nan (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Earth (Gaea), and Themis • Earth (Gaea), as Demeter • Earth (Gaia/Ge),oaths invoking
Found in books: Munn (2006), The Mother of the Gods, Athens, and the Tyranny of Asia: A Study of Sovereignty in Ancient Religion. 108; Sommerstein and Torrance (2014), Oaths and Swearing in Ancient Greece, 322
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7. None, None, nan (5th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Earth (Gaea), at Delphi • Earth (Gaea), cult of • Ge (Gaea/Gaia, goddess)
Found in books: Eidinow and Kindt (2015), The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Greek Religion, 483; Munn (2006), The Mother of the Gods, Athens, and the Tyranny of Asia: A Study of Sovereignty in Ancient Religion. 337
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8. None, None, nan (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Ge, Olympia • land ownership, ge en dorea (land donations)
Found in books: Ekroth (2013), The Sacrificial Rituals of Greek Hero-Cults in the Archaic to the Early Hellenistic Period, 46; Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 217
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9. Pausanias, Description of Greece, 5.13.8, 5.14.10, 6.20.1 (2nd cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Earth (Gaea) • Earth (Gaea), at Delphi • Earth (Gaea), cult of • Ge • Mother of the Gods, as Earth (Gaea) • Zeus, and Gaea
Found in books: Ekroth (2013), The Sacrificial Rituals of Greek Hero-Cults in the Archaic to the Early Hellenistic Period, 49; Munn (2006), The Mother of the Gods, Athens, and the Tyranny of Asia: A Study of Sovereignty in Ancient Religion. 32, 337; Pirenne-Delforge and Pironti (2022), The Hera of Zeus: Intimate Enemy, Ultimate Spouse, 154, 159, 161
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5.13.8 ἔστι δὲ ὁ τοῦ Διὸς τοῦ Ὀλυμπίου βωμὸς ἴσον μὲν μάλιστα τοῦ Πελοπίου τε καὶ τοῦ ἱεροῦ τῆς Ἥρας ἀπέχων, προκείμενος μέντοι καὶ πρὸ ἀμφοτέρων· κατασκευασθῆναι δὲ αὐτὸν οἱ μὲν ὑπὸ Ἡρακλέους τοῦ Ἰδαίου λέγουσιν, οἱ δὲ ὑπὸ ἡρώων τῶν ἐπιχωρίων γενεαῖς δύο ὕστερον τοῦ Ἡρακλέους. πεποίηται δὲ ἱερείων τῶν θυομένων τῷ Διὶ ἀπὸ τῆς τέφρας τῶν μηρῶν, καθάπερ γε καὶ ἐν Περγάμῳ· τέφρας γὰρ δή ἐστι καὶ τῇ Ἥρᾳ τῇ Σαμίᾳ βωμὸς οὐδέν τι ἐπιφανέστερος ἢ ἐν τῇ χώρᾳ τῇ Ἀττικῇ ἃς αὐτοσχεδίας Ἀθηναῖοι καλοῦσιν ἐσχάρας.
5.14.10 ἐπὶ δὲ τῷ Γαίῳ καλουμένῳ, βωμός ἐστιν ἐπʼ αὐτῷ Γῆς, τέφρας καὶ οὗτος· τὰ δὲ ἔτι ἀρχαιότερα καὶ μαντεῖον τῆς Γῆς αὐτόθι εἶναι λέγουσιν. ἐπὶ δὲ τοῦ ὀνομαζομένου Στομίου Θέμιδι ὁ βωμὸς πεποίηται. τοῦ δὲ Καταιβάτου Διὸς προβέβληται μὲν πανταχόθεν πρὸ τοῦ βωμοῦ φράγμα, ἔστι δὲ πρὸς τῷ βωμῷ τῷ ἀπὸ τῆς τέφρας τῷ μεγάλῳ. μεμνήσθω δέ τις οὐ κατὰ στοῖχον τῆς ἱδρύσεως ἀριθμουμένους τοὺς βωμούς, τῇ δὲ τάξει τῇ Ἠλείων ἐς τὰς θυσίας συμπερινοστοῦντα ἡμῖν τὸν λόγον. πρὸς δὲ τῷ τεμένει τοῦ Πέλοπος Διονύσου μὲν καὶ Χαρίτων ἐν κοινῷ, μεταξὺ δὲ αὐτῶν Μουσῶν καὶ ἐφεξῆς τούτων Νυμφῶν ἐστι βωμός.
6.20.1 τὸ δὲ ὄρος τὸ Κρόνιον κατὰ τὰ ἤδη λελεγμένα μοι παρὰ τὴν κρηπῖδα καὶ τοὺς ἐπʼ αὐτῇ παρήκει θησαυρούς. ἐπὶ δὲ τοῦ ὄρους τῇ κορυφῇ θύουσιν οἱ Βασίλαι καλούμενοι τῷ Κρόνῳ κατὰ ἰσημερίαν τὴν ἐν τῷ ἦρι, Ἐλαφίῳ μηνὶ παρὰ Ἠλείοις.'' None | sup>
5.13.8 The altar of Olympic Zeus is about equally distant from the Pelopium and the sanctuary of Hera, but it is in front of both. Some say that it was built by Idaean Heracles, others by the local heroes two generations later than Heracles. It has been made from the ash of the thighs of the victims sacrificed to Zeus, as is also the altar at Pergamus . There is an ashen altar of Samian Hera not a bit grander than what in Attica the Athenians call “improvised hearths.”
5.14.10 On what is called the Gaeum (sanctuary of Earth) is an altar of Earth; it too is of ashes. In more ancient days they say that there was an oracle also of Earth in this place. On what is called the Stomium (Mouth) the altar to Themis has been built. All round the altar of Zeus Descender runs a fence; this altar is near the great altar made of the ashes. The reader must remember that the altars have not been enumerated in the order in which they stand, but the order followed by my narrative is that followed by the Eleans in their sacrifices. By the sacred enclosure of Pelops is an altar of Dionysus and the Graces in common; between them is an altar of the Muses, and next to these an altar of the Nymphs.
6.20.1 Mount Cronius, as I have already said, extends parallel to the terrace with the treasuries on it. On the summit of the mountain the Basilae, as they are called, sacrifice to Cronus at the spring equinox, in the month called Elaphius among the Eleans.'' None |
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10. None, None, nan
Tagged with subjects: • Ge • earth/Earth/Gaea
Found in books: Iribarren and Koning (2022), Hesiod and the Beginnings of Greek Philosophy, 324; Waldner et al. (2016), Burial Rituals, Ideas of Afterlife, and the Individual in the Hellenistic World and the Roman Empire, 40
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