The Ancient Mediterranean Religions Index Database

Results for
Please note: the results are produced through a computerized process which may frequently lead to errors, both in incorrect tagging and in other issues. Please use with caution.
Due to load times, full text fetching is currently attempted for validated results only.
Full texts for Hebrew Bible and rabbinic texts is kindly supplied by Sefaria; for Greek and Latin texts, by Perseus Scaife, for the Quran, by Tanzil.net

For a list of book indices included, see here.

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All subjects (including unvalidated):

subject	book bibliographic info
face	Jouanna (2012) 167 Putthoff (2016) 37, 39, 42, 58, 61, 76, 77, 78, 116, 122, 124, 133, 145, 148, 150, 155, 157, 158, 159, 162, 163, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173, 181, 182, 190, 193, 194, 195, 196, 201, 203, 204, 210 Stuckenbruck (2007) 235, 240, 266, 293, 307, 310, 315, 331, 373, 383, 484, 628, 631, 638, 650, 651
face, and anger	Bexley (2022) 188, 189, 190
face, and disposition	Bexley (2022) 197, 198, 200, 209, 210, 220
face, and physiognomy	Bexley (2022) 197, 198
face, and pudor	Kaster(2005) 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 56
face, and stoic materialism	Bexley (2022) 187, 188, 189, 190, 225, 226
face, and stoic pathognomy	Bexley (2022) 197, 198
face, anthropomorphism	Fishbane (2003) 52, 53, 224, 236, 384
face, appearing on the moons orb, dreams, in greek and latin literature, plutarch, on the	Renberg (2017) 617
face, befits white cloak of initiate, happier	Griffiths (1975) 15, 251
face, cloak, of isis-devotee, given to lucius, white cloak calls for happier	Griffiths (1975) 15, 251
face, definition of	Kaster(2005) 15
face, deformation of	Steiner (2001) 200, 201
face, feet, of goddess, kissed, feet wiped with	Griffiths (1975) 320
face, god, hiding his	Schwartz (2008) 21, 22, 262
face, hard or iron	Kaster(2005) 163, 186
face, in prayer, tear-stained	Griffiths (1975) 1, 114, 352
face, in the moon, plutarch, on the	König (2012) 80
face, judgement, ghazāli, soul not a bodily blend, but survives death to	Sorabji (2000) 270
face, liberty, and negative	Kaster(2005) 43
face, maintenance of	Kaster(2005) 3, 15, 20, 21, 22, 25, 26, 27, 69, 153, 156, 163, 165, 168
face, mask, similarity to	Bexley (2022) 219, 220, 221, 222, 223, 224
face, mutilation of nose and	Rosen-Zvi (2012) 198, 199
face, now black, now golden, with dogs neck, he carries heralds staff and anubis, first in procession of gods, messenger of celestial and infernal beings, with palm-branch, ibid.	Griffiths (1975) 216
face, of anubis, black, and golden, of	Griffiths (1975) 11, 216
face, of anubis, golden and black, of	Griffiths (1975) 11, 216
face, of astyanax	Bexley (2022) 129, 130, 131, 134, 135
face, of attack by artaxerxes iii ochus, sidon, collective suicide in	Cohen (2010) 136, 138, 139
face, of attack from thessalians, suicide in	Cohen (2010) 135, 136
face, of clytemnestra	Bexley (2022) 239
face, of divine image	Steiner (2001) 173, 174, 175
face, of earth	Gera (2014) 50, 54, 143, 148, 208, 222, 237, 243, 456, 467
face, of euripides’ phaedra	Bexley (2022) 205, 206
face, of god	Osborne (2010) 210, 271
face, of hippolytus	Bexley (2022) 219, 220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 228
face, of initiate, isis, feet of kissed, feet wiped with	Griffiths (1975) 320
face, of moses, shining	Lieber (2014) 135
face, of oedipus	Bexley (2022) 20, 243, 244, 246, 247, 249, 250, 251, 252, 253, 254, 341, 342
face, of phaedra	Bexley (2022) 183, 184, 192, 193, 213, 214, 216, 217
face, of the ibis epithets, for egyptian gods, ḏd-ḥr-pꜣ-hb, the speaks	Renberg (2017) 548
face, of the minotaur	Bexley (2022) 208
face, of thyestes	Bexley (2022) 64, 65
face, positive and negative, distinguished	Kaster(2005) 43
face, pudor, and	Kaster(2005) 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 56
face, pudor, and negative	Kaster(2005) 43
face, pudor, and positive	Kaster(2005) 43
face, single-facedness,	Stuckenbruck (2007) 167
face, threats to	Kaster(2005) 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 56, 59
face, to, face, osiris, converse with	Griffiths (1975) 342
face, tool	Kaster(2005) 152
face, two-faced,	Stuckenbruck (2007) 167
face, with osiris, converse, face, to	Griffiths (1975) 342
face, women, spitting in r. meirs	Rosen-Zvi (2012) 33
faces	Gera (2014) 58, 82, 141, 160, 180, 225, 226, 230, 301, 302, 330, 332, 336, 347, 366, 405, 415, 416, 460, 461
faces, spirit, effects of unveiling of	Frey and Levison (2014) 259, 297, 313, 318, 325
liturgical practices of christians, pray facing east, keep sunday	Sider (2001) 35
prayer, facing the east	Sider (2001) 35

List of validated texts:

19 validated results for "faces"

1. Septuagint, Tobit, 12.12, 12.15 (th cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Face • face

Found in books: Putthoff (2016) 61; Stuckenbruck (2007) 315

12.12. And so, when you and your daughter-in-law Sarah prayed, I brought a reminder of your prayer before the Holy One; and when you buried the dead, I was likewise present with you.
12.15. I am Raphael, one of the seven holy angels who present the prayers of the saints and enter into the presence of the glory of the Holy One."''. None

2. Hebrew Bible, Deuteronomy, 7.12, 20.3 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Face • Face-to-Face • face • faces

Found in books: Gera (2014) 416; Kosman (2012) 52; Putthoff (2016) 122; Stuckenbruck (2007) 293

7.12. וְהָיָה עֵקֶב תִּשְׁמְעוּן אֵת הַמִּשְׁפָּטִים הָאֵלֶּה וּשְׁמַרְתֶּם וַעֲשִׂיתֶם אֹתָם וְשָׁמַר יְהוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ לְךָ אֶת־הַבְּרִית וְאֶת־הַחֶסֶד אֲשֶׁר נִשְׁבַּע לַאֲבֹתֶיךָ׃
20.3. וְאָמַר אֲלֵהֶם שְׁמַע יִשְׂרָאֵל אַתֶּם קְרֵבִים הַיּוֹם לַמִּלְחָמָה עַל־אֹיְבֵיכֶם אַל־יֵרַךְ לְבַבְכֶם אַל־תִּירְאוּ וְאַל־תַּחְפְּזוּ וְאַל־תַּעַרְצוּ מִפְּנֵיהֶם׃''. None

7.12. And it shall come to pass, because ye hearken to these ordices, and keep, and do them, that the LORD thy God shall keep with thee the covet and the mercy which He swore unto thy fathers,
20.3. and shall say unto them: ‘Hear, O Israel, ye draw nigh this day unto battle against your enemies; let not your heart faint; fear not, nor be alarmed, neither be ye affrighted at them;''. None

3. Hebrew Bible, Exodus, 15.8, 24.10-24.11, 34.29-34.30 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Anthropomorphism, Face • earth, face of • face

Found in books: Fishbane (2003) 52, 53; Gera (2014) 467; Putthoff (2016) 61, 168, 169, 170, 173; Werline et al. (2008) 26, 27

15.8. וּבְרוּחַ אַפֶּיךָ נֶעֶרְמוּ מַיִם נִצְּבוּ כְמוֹ־נֵד נֹזְלִים קָפְאוּ תְהֹמֹת בְּלֶב־יָם׃' '24.11. וְאֶל־אֲצִילֵי בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל לֹא שָׁלַח יָדוֹ וַיֶּחֱזוּ אֶת־הָאֱלֹהִים וַיֹּאכְלוּ וַיִּשְׁתּוּ׃
34.29. וַיְהִי בְּרֶדֶת מֹשֶׁה מֵהַר סִינַי וּשְׁנֵי לֻחֹת הָעֵדֻת בְּיַד־מֹשֶׁה בְּרִדְתּוֹ מִן־הָהָר וּמֹשֶׁה לֹא־יָדַע כִּי קָרַן עוֹר פָּנָיו בְּדַבְּרוֹ אִתּוֹ׃''. None

15.8. And with the blast of Thy nostrils the waters were piled up— The floods stood upright as a heap; The deeps were congealed in the heart of the sea.
24.10. and they saw the God of Israel; and there was under His feet the like of a paved work of sapphire stone, and the like of the very heaven for clearness. 24.11. And upon the nobles of the children of Israel He laid not His hand; and they beheld God, and did eat and drink.
34.29. And it came to pass, when Moses came down from mount Sinai with the two tables of the testimony in Moses’hand, when he came down from the mount, that Moses knew not that the skin of his face sent forth abeams while He talked with him. 34.30. And when Aaron and all the children of Israel saw Moses, behold, the skin of his face sent forth beams; and they were afraid to come nigh him.''. None

4. Hebrew Bible, Nahum, 1.5 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Anthropomorphism, Face • earth, face of

Found in books: Fishbane (2003) 52; Gera (2014) 456

1.5. הָרִים רָעֲשׁוּ מִמֶּנּוּ וְהַגְּבָעוֹת הִתְמֹגָגוּ וַתִּשָּׂא הָאָרֶץ מִפָּנָיו וְתֵבֵל וְכָל־יֹשְׁבֵי בָהּ׃''. None

1.5. The mountains quake at Him, And the hills melt; And the earth is upheaved at His presence, Yea, the world, and all that dwell therein.''. None

5. Hebrew Bible, Numbers, 6.25, 28.2 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Face • face • faces

Found in books: Gera (2014) 302; Putthoff (2016) 58, 158, 159, 171; Stuckenbruck (2007) 293

6.25. יָאֵר יְהוָה פָּנָיו אֵלֶיךָ וִיחֻנֶּךָּ׃
28.2. וּמִנְחָתָם סֹלֶת בְּלוּלָה בַשָּׁמֶן שְׁלֹשָׁה עֶשְׂרֹנִים לַפָּר וּשְׁנֵי עֶשְׂרֹנִים לָאַיִל תַּעֲשׂוּ׃
28.2. צַו אֶת־בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וְאָמַרְתָּ אֲלֵהֶם אֶת־קָרְבָּנִי לַחְמִי לְאִשַּׁי רֵיחַ נִיחֹחִי תִּשְׁמְרוּ לְהַקְרִיב לִי בְּמוֹעֲדוֹ׃''. None

6.25. The LORD make His face to shine upon thee, and be gracious unto thee;
28.2. Command the children of Israel, and say unto them: My food which is presented unto Me for offerings made by fire, of a sweet savour unto Me, shall ye observe to offer unto Me in its due season.''. None

6. Hebrew Bible, 1 Kings, 3.7, 22.19-22.23 (8th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • face • faces

Found in books: Gera (2014) 225, 230; Werline et al. (2008) 27, 179

3.7. וְעַתָּה יְהוָה אֱלֹהָי אַתָּה הִמְלַכְתָּ אֶת־עַבְדְּךָ תַּחַת דָּוִד אָבִי וְאָנֹכִי נַעַר קָטֹן לֹא אֵדַע צֵאת וָבֹא׃
22.19. וַיֹּאמֶר לָכֵן שְׁמַע דְּבַר־יְהוָה רָאִיתִי אֶת־יְהוָה יֹשֵׁב עַל־כִּסְאוֹ וְכָל־צְבָא הַשָּׁמַיִם עֹמֵד עָלָיו מִימִינוֹ וּמִשְּׂמֹאלוֹ׃' '22.21. וַיֵּצֵא הָרוּחַ וַיַּעֲמֹד לִפְנֵי יְהוָה וַיֹּאמֶר אֲנִי אֲפַתֶּנּוּ וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוָה אֵלָיו בַּמָּה׃ 22.22. וַיֹּאמֶר אֵצֵא וְהָיִיתִי רוּחַ שֶׁקֶר בְּפִי כָּל־נְבִיאָיו וַיֹּאמֶר תְּפַתֶּה וְגַם־תּוּכָל צֵא וַעֲשֵׂה־כֵן׃ 22.23. וְעַתָּה הִנֵּה נָתַן יְהוָה רוּחַ שֶׁקֶר בְּפִי כָּל־נְבִיאֶיךָ אֵלֶּה וַיהוָה דִּבֶּר עָלֶיךָ רָעָה׃''. None

3.7. And now, O LORD my God, Thou hast made Thy servant king instead of David my father; and I am but a little child; I know not how to go out or come in.
22.19. And he said: ‘Therefore hear thou the word of the LORD. I saw the LORD sitting on His throne, and all the host of heaven standing by Him on His right hand and on his left. 22.20. And the LORD said: Who shall entice Ahab, that he may go up and fall at Ramoth-gilead. And one said: On this manner; and another said: On that manner. 22.21. And there came forth the spirit, and stood before the LORD, and said: I will entice him. 22.22. And the LORD said unto him: Wherewith? And he said: I will go forth, and will be a lying spirit in the mouth of all his prophets. And He said: Thou shalt entice him, and shalt prevail also; go forth, and do so. 22.23. Now therefore, behold, the LORD hath put a lying spirit in the mouth of all these thy prophets; and the LORD hath spoken evil concerning thee.’''. None

7. Hebrew Bible, Isaiah, 20.3-20.4 (8th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Anthropomorphism, Face • faces

Found in books: Fishbane (2003) 53; Gera (2014) 332

20.3. וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוָה כַּאֲשֶׁר הָלַךְ עַבְדִּי יְשַׁעְיָהוּ עָרוֹם וְיָחֵף שָׁלֹשׁ שָׁנִים אוֹת וּמוֹפֵת עַל־מִצְרַיִם וְעַל־כּוּשׁ׃ 20.4. כֵּן יִנְהַג מֶלֶךְ־אַשּׁוּר אֶת־שְׁבִי מִצְרַיִם וְאֶת־גָּלוּת כּוּשׁ נְעָרִים וּזְקֵנִים עָרוֹם וְיָחֵף וַחֲשׂוּפַי שֵׁת עֶרְוַת מִצְרָיִם׃''. None

20.3. And the LORD said: ‘Like as My servant Isaiah hath walked naked and barefoot to be for three years a sign and a wonder upon Egypt and upon Ethiopia, 20.4. o shall the king of Assyria lead away the captives of Egypt, and the exiles of Ethiopia, young and old, naked and barefoot, and with buttocks uncovered, to the shame of Egypt.''. None

8. Hebrew Bible, Judges, 5.20 (8th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • earth, face of • face

Found in books: Gera (2014) 456; Werline et al. (2008) 27

5.20. They fought from heaven; the stars in their courses fought against Sisera.''. None

9. None, None, nan (6th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • face

Found in books: Putthoff (2016) 42; Werline et al. (2008) 27

10. Hebrew Bible, Ecclesiastes, 8.1 (5th cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Anthropomorphism, Face • Face

Found in books: Fishbane (2003) 236; Stuckenbruck (2007) 293

8.1. וּבְכֵן רָאִיתִי רְשָׁעִים קְבֻרִים וָבָאוּ וּמִמְּקוֹם קָדוֹשׁ יְהַלֵּכוּ וְיִשְׁתַּכְּחוּ בָעִיר אֲשֶׁר כֵּן־עָשׂוּ גַּם־זֶה הָבֶל׃'
8.1. מִי כְּהֶחָכָם וּמִי יוֹדֵעַ פֵּשֶׁר דָּבָר חָכְמַת אָדָם תָּאִיר פָּנָיו וְעֹז פָּנָיו יְשֻׁנֶּא׃ '. None

8.1. Who is as the wise man? and who knoweth the interpretation of a thing? A man’s wisdom maketh his face to shine, And the boldness of his face is changed.''. None

11. Hebrew Bible, Daniel, 7.9, 10.6 (2nd cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Face • face

Found in books: Putthoff (2016) 61; Stuckenbruck (2007) 638; Werline et al. (2008) 27

7.9. חָזֵה הֲוֵית עַד דִּי כָרְסָוָן רְמִיו וְעַתִּיק יוֹמִין יְתִב לְבוּשֵׁהּ כִּתְלַג חִוָּר וּשְׂעַר רֵאשֵׁהּ כַּעֲמַר נְקֵא כָּרְסְיֵהּ שְׁבִיבִין דִּי־נוּר גַּלְגִּלּוֹהִי נוּר דָּלִק׃
10.6. וּגְוִיָּתוֹ כְתַרְשִׁישׁ וּפָנָיו כְּמַרְאֵה בָרָק וְעֵינָיו כְּלַפִּידֵי אֵשׁ וּזְרֹעֹתָיו וּמַרְגְּלֹתָיו כְּעֵין נְחֹשֶׁת קָלָל וְקוֹל דְּבָרָיו כְּקוֹל הָמוֹן׃''. None

7.9. I beheld Till thrones were placed, And one that was ancient of days did sit: His raiment was as white snow, And the hair of his head like pure wool; His throne was fiery flames, and the wheels thereof burning fire.
10.6. his body also was like the beryl, and his face as the appearance of lightning, and his eyes as torches of fire, and his arms and his feet like in colour to burnished brass, and the voice of his words like the voice of a multitude.''. None

12. Septuagint, Ecclesiasticus (Siracides), 34.1-34.2 (2nd cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Face • face

Found in books: Stuckenbruck (2007) 373; Werline et al. (2008) 179

34.1. A man of no understanding has vain and false hopes,and dreams give wings to fools.
34.1. He that is inexperienced knows few things,but he that has traveled acquires much cleverness. 34.2. As one who catches at a shadow and pursues the wind,so is he who gives heed to dreams. 34.2. Like one who kills a son before his fathers eyes is the man who offers a sacrifice from the property of the poor.''. None

13. Septuagint, Judith, 9.7 (2nd cent. BCE - 0th cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • earth, face of • face • faces

Found in books: Gera (2014) 180, 222, 456; Putthoff (2016) 157

9.7. "Behold now, the Assyrians are increased in their might; they are exalted, with their horses and riders; they glory in the strength of their foot soldiers; they trust in shield and spear, in bow and sling, and know not that thou art the Lord who crushest wars; the Lord is thy name. ''. None

14. None, None, nan (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Spirit, effects of,, unveiling of faces • face

Found in books: Frey and Levison (2014) 297; Putthoff (2016) 76

15. Lucan, Pharsalia, 2.30 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Tear-stained face, in prayer • face, hard or iron,

Found in books: Griffiths (1975) 114; Kaster(2005) 186

2.30. The stiffening limbs and gazes on the face, In nameless dread, not sorrow, and in awe of death approaching: and with mind distraught Clings to the dying in a last embrace. The matrons laid aside their wonted garb: Crowds filled the temples — on the unpitying stones Some dashed their bosoms; others bathed with tears The statues of the gods; some tore their hair Upon the holy threshold, and with shrieks And vows unceasing called upon the names ''. None

16. New Testament, Colossians, 1.15 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Spirit, effects of,, unveiling of faces • face

Found in books: Frey and Levison (2014) 318; Werline et al. (2008) 25

1.15. ὅς ἐστιν εἰκὼν τοῦ θεοῦ τοῦ ἀοράτου, πρωτότοκος πάσης κτίσεως,''. None

1.15. who is the image of the invisible God, the firstborn of all creation. ''. None

17. New Testament, Luke, 1.10 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • face • faces

Found in books: Gera (2014) 302; Putthoff (2016) 157

1.10. καὶ πᾶν τὸ πλῆθος ἦν τοῦ λαοῦ προσευχόμενον ἔξω τῇ ὥρᾳ τοῦ θυμιάματος·''. None

1.10. The whole multitude of the people were praying outside at the hour of incense. ''. None

18. New Testament, Matthew, 28.3 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Face • face

Found in books: Putthoff (2016) 42, 61; Stuckenbruck (2007) 638

28.3. ἦν δὲ ἡ εἰδέα αὐτοῦ ὡς ἀστραπὴ καὶ τὸ ἔνδυμα αὐτοῦ λευκὸν ὡς χιών.''. None

28.3. His appearance was like lightning, and his clothing white as snow. ''. None

19. Anon., Joseph And Aseneth, 10.9-10.13, 10.15-10.16, 14.9, 14.12-14.13, 15.5, 16.16, 18.5
Tagged with subjects: • Face • face • faces

Found in books: Gera (2014) 302; Putthoff (2016) 39, 42, 58, 61; Stuckenbruck (2007) 638; Werline et al. (2008) 140

10.9. And Aseneth got up and opened her door quietly, and went into her second room, where her treasure-chests and the finery for her adornment were, and she opened her wardrobe and took out a black and sombre tunic. 10.10. (And this was her mourning tunic, which she had worn for mourning when her eldest brother died). And Aseneth took off her royal robe and put on the black one, and she untied her golden girdle and tied a rope around her waist instead, and she took her tiara off her head and the diadem, and the bracelets from her hands. 10.12. And she took her best robe, just as it was, and threw it out of the window, for the poor. 10.13. And she took all her innumerable gold and silver gods and broke them up into little pieces, and threw them out of the window for the poor and needy.
10.15. And after this she took the ashes and poured them out on the floor. 10.16. And she took sackcloth and wrapped it round her waist, and she removed the fillet from her hair and sprinkled herself with ashes; and she fell down upon the ashes.
14.9. But his face was like lightning, and his eyes were like the light of the sun, and the hairs of his head like flames of fire, and his hands and feet like iron from the fire.
14.12. And Aseneth got up, and the man said to her, "Take off the black tunic you are wearing and the sackcloth round your waist, and shake the ashes off your head, and wash your face with water. 14.13. And put on a new robe that you have never worn before, and tie your bright girdle round your waist -- the double girdle of your virginity.
15.5. Take heart, Aseneth: lo, the Lord has given you to Joseph to be his bride, and he shall be your bridegroom.
16.16. And they all left Aseneth and fell to the ground, every one of them, and died.
18.5. And she put golden bracelets round her hands, and golden boots on her feet, and a costly necklace about her neck; and she put a golden crown upon her head, and in the crown, in front, were the costliest of stones. ' '. None

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Tiresias: The Ancient Mediterranean Religions Source Database