The Ancient Mediterranean Religions Index Database

Results for
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Due to load times, full text fetching is currently attempted for validated results only.
Full texts for Hebrew Bible and rabbinic texts is kindly supplied by Sefaria; for Greek and Latin texts, by Perseus Scaife, for the Quran, by Tanzil.net

For a list of book indices included, see here.

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All subjects (including unvalidated):

subject	book bibliographic info
epistemological, authority, epistemology, and humility and	Champion (2022) 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 115, 116
epistemological, epistemology, also epistemic	Singer and van Eijk (2018) 10, 16, 20, 41, 68, 69, 87, 96, 98, 114, 115, 119
epistemological, framework of hesiod	Folit-Weinberg (2022) 97, 114
epistemological, framework of xenophanes	Folit-Weinberg (2022) 71, 97, 108
epistemological, framework, hesiod, expressing an	Tor (2017) 53, 101, 102, 103, 309, 310, 340
epistemological, implications of hodos	Folit-Weinberg (2022) 234, 235, 236, 237
epistemological, implications of place in parmenides’ poem	Folit-Weinberg (2022) 240, 241
epistemological, questions	Hirshman (2009) 79
epistemological, theories of xenophanes, temporality of	Folit-Weinberg (2022) 239, 240
epistemological, views, caelius aurelianus	van der EIjk (2005) 299
epistemological, voluntarism	Bett (2019) 210, 220, 222, 224, 225
epistemology	Champion (2022) 12, 13, 18, 19, 39, 40, 41, 42, 48, 199, 200, 201, 202 Despotis and Lohr (2022) 184, 187 Ebrey and Kraut (2022) 17, 44, 59, 245, 366 Erler et al (2021) 22, 24, 26, 30, 31, 80, 82, 83, 87, 90, 92, 104, 111 Frede and Laks (2001) 125, 205 Hayes (2022) 468 Hirsch-Luipold (2022) 28, 29, 146, 237 Iribarren and Koning (2022) 85, 123, 126, 129, 180, 198, 207, 208, 209, 210 Kneebone (2020) 52, 53, 54, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 409, 410 Langlands (2018) 102, 103, 105, 318 Linjamaa (2019) 15, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 161, 170, 171, 172, 173, 199, 206, 220, 223 Lynskey (2021) 222 Maso (2022) 53, 57, 58, 59, 66, 90, 110, 139 Novenson (2020) 37, 260 Roskovec and Hušek (2021) 204 Smith and Stuckenbruck (2020) 161, 162, 163 Černušková (2016) 113, 116, 132, 142, 169
epistemology, and baptism	Champion (2022) 84, 93, 140, 193, 194
epistemology, and conscience, examination of	Champion (2022) 9, 91, 97, 98, 99, 100, 111, 112
epistemology, and death, practice of	Champion (2022) 66, 67, 69, 77, 79, 82, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 93, 94, 109, 113, 134, 163, 220
epistemology, and exegesis	d, Hoine and Martijn (2017) 61, 62
epistemology, and godlikeness	Champion (2022) 66, 67, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 79, 82, 83, 84, 88, 89, 91, 93, 94, 100, 101, 106, 112, 113, 126, 127, 138, 147, 148, 163, 164, 168, 207, 220
epistemology, and knowledge, hierarchies of	Champion (2022) 65, 66, 79, 82, 85, 93
epistemology, and logic/language/dialectic	d, Hoine and Martijn (2017) 184, 185, 186, 187, 192, 203, 205
epistemology, and memory of sin post-mortem	Champion (2022) 89, 90, 91
epistemology, and prolegomena	Champion (2022) 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 79
epistemology, and soul	d, Hoine and Martijn (2017) 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 202
epistemology, animal sacrifice	Simmons(1995) 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157
epistemology, antiochus	Tsouni (2019) 64, 65
epistemology, aristotle on	d, Hoine and Martijn (2017) 71, 113, 173, 191, 200, 206
epistemology, assumptions of	Champion (2022) 65, 66
epistemology, cicero, on zenos	Long (2006) 225
epistemology, clement of alexandria, heresy and	Boulluec (2022) 384, 390, 391, 392, 393, 394, 395, 396, 397, 398, 399, 400, 401, 402, 403, 404, 405, 406, 407, 408, 409, 410, 411
epistemology, gorgias	Wolfsdorf (2020) 113, 114, 115, 116
epistemology, in byzantium	Champion (2022) 67, 68
epistemology, in empedocles, theology and	Tor (2017) 318, 319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324, 325, 326, 327, 328, 329, 330, 331, 332, 333, 334, 335, 336, 337
epistemology, in relation to metaphysics	d, Hoine and Martijn (2017) 28, 60
epistemology, man measure statement and	Wolfsdorf (2020) 75, 76
epistemology, modes of knowing	Bull Lied and Turner (2011) 9, 68, 175, 179, 195, 196, 198, 434, 435, 440, 441
epistemology, neoplatonism, and	Champion (2022) 66, 67, 68, 82
epistemology, objective	Mackey (2022) 189
epistemology, of epicureanism	Long (2006) 51, 58, 59, 64, 66, 77
epistemology, of eusebius	Simmons(1995) 150
epistemology, of gnosticism	Boulluec (2022) 405, 406, 407, 408, 409, 410, 433, 434
epistemology, of medicine	van der EIjk (2005) 299
epistemology, of stoicism, stoics	Long (2006) 51, 60, 61, 64, 65, 66, 77, 102, 106, 107, 289, 293
epistemology, of the academy	Bezzel and Pfeiffer (2021) 77
epistemology, of zeno of citium	Long (2006) 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235
epistemology, paradigm in	d, Hoine and Martijn (2017) 193
epistemology, paul’s	Wilson (2022) 91, 92, 94, 97, 98, 113, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 150, 158, 160, 173, 174, 175, 181, 182, 183, 206
epistemology, rational activity	Gray (2021) 135, 137, 138, 139
epistemology, relation to theology, early greek	Tor (2017) 53, 309, 310, 311, 337, 346
epistemology, requiring an interdisciplinary approach, early greek	Tor (2017) 9, 346
epistemology, sceptical	Hoenig (2018) 61, 225
epistemology, scholarly schisms about, early greek	Tor (2017) 11, 12, 17, 346
epistemology, stoic	Wilson (2022) 92, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145
epistemology, stoicism	Wynne (2019) 35
epistemology, stoicism/stoics/stoic	d, Hoine and Martijn (2017) 206
epistemology, suneidēsis	Wilson (2022) 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 152, 153, 154, 178, 180, 181
epistemology, through revelation	Gray (2021) 110, 122, 127, 139, 144
epistemology, through sense perception	Gray (2021) 147
epistemology, two-worlds	Marmodoro and Prince (2015) 54
epistemology/epistemological	Tellbe Wasserman and Nyman (2019) 86, 88, 98, 178, 188, 251
epistemology’, xenophanes, critique of ‘folk	Folit-Weinberg (2022) 239, 240
ontological/epistemological, allegory, timaeus’s	Hoenig (2018) 19, 121, 263, 270, 279

List of validated texts:

27 validated results for "epistemology"

1. Hebrew Bible, Genesis, 1.26 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Epistemology • epistemology, and humility and epistemological authority

Found in books: Champion (2022) 115, 116; Linjamaa (2019) 54

1.26. וַיֹּאמֶר אֱלֹהִים נַעֲשֶׂה אָדָם בְּצַלְמֵנוּ כִּדְמוּתֵנוּ וְיִרְדּוּ בִדְגַת הַיָּם וּבְעוֹף הַשָּׁמַיִם וּבַבְּהֵמָה וּבְכָל־הָאָרֶץ וּבְכָל־הָרֶמֶשׂ הָרֹמֵשׂ עַל־הָאָרֶץ׃''. None

1.26. And God said: ‘Let us make man in our image, after our likeness; and let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over the cattle, and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth.’''. None

2. Hesiod, Works And Days, 648-662 (8th cent. BCE - 7th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Hesiod, expressing an epistemological framework • early Greek epistemology, relation to theology • epistemology • error, through epistemic arrogance

Found in books: Iribarren and Koning (2022) 180, 208; Kneebone (2020) 52; Tor (2017) 101, 310; Wolfsdorf (2020) 28

648. δείξω δή τοι μέτρα πολυφλοίσβοιο θαλάσσης,'649. οὔτε τι ναυτιλίης σεσοφισμένος οὔτε τι νηῶν. 650. οὐ γάρ πώ ποτε νηί γʼ ἐπέπλων εὐρέα πόντον, 651. εἰ μὴ ἐς Εὔβοιαν ἐξ Αὐλίδος, ᾗ ποτʼ Ἀχαιοὶ 652. μείναντες χειμῶνα πολὺν σὺν λαὸν ἄγειραν 653. Ἑλλάδος ἐξ ἱερῆς Τροίην ἐς καλλιγύναικα. 654. ἔνθα δʼ ἐγὼν ἐπʼ ἄεθλα δαΐφρονος Ἀμφιδάμαντος 655. Χαλκίδα τʼ εἲς ἐπέρησα· τὰ δὲ προπεφραδμένα πολλὰ 656. ἄεθλʼ ἔθεσαν παῖδες μεγαλήτορος· ἔνθα μέ φημι 657. ὕμνῳ νικήσαντα φέρειν τρίποδʼ ὠτώεντα. 658. τὸν μὲν ἐγὼ Μούσῃς Ἑλικωνιάδεσσʼ ἀνέθηκα, 659. ἔνθα με τὸ πρῶτον λιγυρῆς ἐπέβησαν ἀοιδῆς. 660. τόσσον τοι νηῶν γε πεπείρημαι πολυγόμφων· 661. ἀλλὰ καὶ ὣς ἐρέω Ζηνὸς νόον αἰγιόχοιο· 662. Μοῦσαι γάρ μʼ ἐδίδαξαν ἀθέσφατον ὕμνον ἀείδειν. '. None

648. Seek out a childless maid (you won’t abide'649. One who is nursing). You must take good care 650. of your sharp-toothed dog; do not scant his meat 651. In case The One Who Sleeps by Day should dare 652. To steal your goods. Let there be lots to eat 653. For both oxen and mules, and litter, too. 654. Unyoke your team and grant a holiday. 655. When rosy-fingered Dawn first gets a view 656. of Arcturus and across the sky halfway 657. Come Sirius and Orion, pluck your store 658. of grapes and bring them home; then to the sun 659. Expose them for ten days, then for five more 660. Conceal them in the dark; when this is done, 661. Upon the sixth begin to pour in jar 662. Glad Bacchus’ gift. When strong Orion’s set '. None

3. Hesiod, Theogony, 26 (8th cent. BCE - 7th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Hesiod, epistemological framework of • Hesiod, expressing an epistemological framework • Xenophanes, epistemological framework of • early Greek epistemology, relation to theology

Found in books: Folit-Weinberg (2022) 97; Tor (2017) 101, 102, 103, 309, 310, 311

26. ποιμένες ἄγραυλοι, κάκʼ ἐλέγχεα, γαστέρες οἶον,''. None

26. of Helicon, and in those early day''. None

4. Homer, Iliad, 2.484-2.493 (8th cent. BCE - 7th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Hesiod, epistemological framework of • epistemology

Found in books: Folit-Weinberg (2022) 114; Kneebone (2020) 89, 90, 91

2.484. ἔσπετε νῦν μοι Μοῦσαι Ὀλύμπια δώματʼ ἔχουσαι· 2.485. ὑμεῖς γὰρ θεαί ἐστε πάρεστέ τε ἴστέ τε πάντα, 2.486. ἡμεῖς δὲ κλέος οἶον ἀκούομεν οὐδέ τι ἴδμεν· 2.487. οἵ τινες ἡγεμόνες Δαναῶν καὶ κοίρανοι ἦσαν· 2.488. πληθὺν δʼ οὐκ ἂν ἐγὼ μυθήσομαι οὐδʼ ὀνομήνω, 2.489. οὐδʼ εἴ μοι δέκα μὲν γλῶσσαι, δέκα δὲ στόματʼ εἶεν, 2.490. φωνὴ δʼ ἄρρηκτος, χάλκεον δέ μοι ἦτορ ἐνείη, 2.491. εἰ μὴ Ὀλυμπιάδες Μοῦσαι Διὸς αἰγιόχοιο 2.492. θυγατέρες μνησαίαθʼ ὅσοι ὑπὸ Ἴλιον ἦλθον· 2.493. ἀρχοὺς αὖ νηῶν ἐρέω νῆάς τε προπάσας.''. None

2.484. Even as a bull among the herd stands forth far the chiefest over all, for that he is pre-eminent among the gathering kine, even such did Zeus make Agamemnon on that day, pre-eminent among many, and chiefest amid warriors.Tell me now, ye Muses that have dwellings on Olympus— 2.485. for ye are goddesses and are at hand and know all things, whereas we hear but a rumour and know not anything—who were the captains of the Danaans and their lords. But the common folk I could not tell nor name, nay, not though ten tongues were mine and ten mouths 2.490. and a voice unwearying, and though the heart within me were of bronze, did not the Muses of Olympus, daughters of Zeus that beareth the aegis, call to my mind all them that came beneath Ilios. Now will I tell the captains of the ships and the ships in their order.of the Boeotians Peneleos and Leïtus were captains, 2.493. and a voice unwearying, and though the heart within me were of bronze, did not the Muses of Olympus, daughters of Zeus that beareth the aegis, call to my mind all them that came beneath Ilios. Now will I tell the captains of the ships and the ships in their order.of the Boeotians Peneleos and Leïtus were captains, ''. None

5. Xenophanes, Fragments, None (6th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • early Greek epistemology, relation to theology • epistemology

Found in books: Iribarren and Koning (2022) 85, 129, 180; Tor (2017) 311

'. Noneb35. Let these be taken as fancies something like the truth.'

6. None, None, nan (6th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Xenophanes, critique of ‘folk epistemology’ • Xenophanes, temporality of epistemological theories of • epistemology • place in Parmenides’ poem, epistemological implications of

Found in books: Folit-Weinberg (2022) 240; Lloyd (1989) 271

7. Herodotus, Histories, 2.159 (5th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • epistemology • error, through epistemic arrogance

Found in books: Iribarren and Koning (2022) 180; Wolfsdorf (2020) 28

2.159. παυσάμενος δὲ τῆς διώρυχος ὁ Νεκῶς ἐτράπετο πρὸς στρατηίας, καὶ τριήρεες αἳ μὲν ἐπὶ τῇ βορηίῃ θαλάσσῃ ἐποιήθησαν, αἳ δʼ ἐν τῷ Ἀραβίῳ κόλπῳ ἐπὶ τῇ Ἐρυθρῇ θαλάσσῃ, τῶν ἔτι οἱ ὁλκοὶ ἐπίδηλοι. καὶ ταύτῃσί τε ἐχρᾶτο ἐν τῷ δέοντι καὶ Σύροισι πεζῇ ὁ Νεκῶς συμβαλὼν ἐν Μαγδώλῳ ἐνίκησε, μετὰ δὲ τὴν μάχην Κάδυτιν πόλιν τῆς Συρίης ἐοῦσαν μεγάλην εἷλε. ἐν τῇ δὲ ἐσθῆτι ἔτυχε ταῦτα κατεργασάμενος, ἀνέθηκε τῷ Ἀπόλλωνι πέμψας ἐς Βραγχίδας τὰς Μιλησίων. μετὰ δέ, ἑκκαίδεκα ἔτεα τὰ πάντα ἄρξας, τελευτᾷ, τῷ παιδὶ Ψάμμι παραδοὺς τὴν ἀρχήν.''. None

2.159. Necos, then, stopped work on the canal and engaged in preparations for war; some of his ships of war were built on the northern sea, and some in the Arabian Gulf, by the Red Sea coast: the winches for landing these can still be seen. ,He used these ships when needed, and with his land army met and defeated the Syrians at Magdolus, taking the great Syrian city of Cadytis after the battle. ,He sent to Branchidae of Miletus and dedicated there to Apollo the garments in which he won these victories. Then he died after a reign of sixteen years, and his son Psammis reigned in his place.''. None

8. Plato, Phaedrus, None (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Epistemic caution • epistemology

Found in books: Erler et al (2021) 26; Joosse (2021) 132

246e. καλόν, σοφόν, ἀγαθόν, καὶ πᾶν ὅτι τοιοῦτον· τούτοις δὴ τρέφεταί τε καὶ αὔξεται μάλιστά γε τὸ τῆς ψυχῆς πτέρωμα, αἰσχρῷ δὲ καὶ κακῷ καὶ τοῖς ἐναντίοις φθίνει τε καὶ διόλλυται. ΣΩ. ὁ μὲν δὴ μέγας ἡγεμὼν ἐν οὐρανῷ Ζεύς, ἐλαύνων πτηνὸν ἅρμα, πρῶτος πορεύεται, διακοσμῶν πάντα καὶ ἐπιμελούμενος· τῷ δʼ ἕπεται στρατιὰ θεῶν τε καὶ δαιμόνων,''. None

246e. it partakes of the nature of the divine. But the divine is beauty, wisdom, goodness, and all such qualities; by these then the wings of the soul are nourished and grow, but by the opposite qualities, such as vileness and evil, they are wasted away and destroyed. Socrates. Now the great leader in heaven, Zeus, driving a winged chariot, goes first, arranging all things and caring for all things.''. None

9. Plato, Sophist, None (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Zeno of Citium, epistemology of • epistemology and logic/language/dialectic

Found in books: Long (2006) 233; d, Hoine and Martijn (2017) 192

263e. καὶ τί διαφέρουσιν ἕκαστα ἀλλήλων. ΘΕΑΙ. δίδου μόνον. ΞΕ. οὐκοῦν διάνοια μὲν καὶ λόγος ταὐτόν· πλὴν ὁ μὲν ἐντὸς τῆς ψυχῆς πρὸς αὑτὴν διάλογος ἄνευ φωνῆς γιγνόμενος τοῦτʼ αὐτὸ ἡμῖν ἐπωνομάσθη, διάνοια; ΘΕΑΙ. πάνυ μὲν οὖν. ΞΕ. τὸ δέ γʼ ἀπʼ ἐκείνης ῥεῦμα διὰ τοῦ στόματος ἰὸν μετὰ φθόγγου κέκληται λόγος; ΘΕΑΙ. ἀληθῆ. ΞΕ. καὶ μὴν ἐν λόγοις γε αὖ ἴσμεν ἐνὸν— ΘΕΑΙ. τὸ ποῖον; ΞΕ. φάσιν τε καὶ ἀπόφασιν. ΘΕΑΙ. ἴσμεν.''. None

263e. and the several differences between them. Theaet. Give me an opportunity. Str. Well, then, thought and speech are the same; only the former, which is a silent inner conversation of the soul with itself, has been given the special name of thought. Is not that true? Theaet. Certainly. Str. But the stream that flows from the soul in vocal utterance through the mouth has the name of speech? Theaet. True. Str. And in speech we know there is just— Theaet. What? Str. Affirmation and negation Theaet. Yes, we know that.''. None

10. Plato, Theaetetus, None (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Aristotle on epistemology • Clement of Alexandria, heresy and epistemology • Stoicism/Stoics/Stoic epistemology • epistemology

Found in books: Boulluec (2022) 394; Erler et al (2021) 30; d, Hoine and Martijn (2017) 206

173e. χόες. καὶ ταῦτα πάντʼ οὐδʼ ὅτι οὐκ οἶδεν, οἶδεν· οὐδὲ γὰρ αὐτῶν ἀπέχεται τοῦ εὐδοκιμεῖν χάριν, ἀλλὰ τῷ ὄντι τὸ σῶμα μόνον ἐν τῇ πόλει κεῖται αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐπιδημεῖ, ἡ δὲ διάνοια, ταῦτα πάντα ἡγησαμένη σμικρὰ καὶ οὐδέν, ἀτιμάσασα πανταχῇ πέτεται κατὰ Πίνδαρον τᾶς τε γᾶς ὑπένερθε καὶ τὰ ἐπίπεδα γεωμετροῦσα, οὐρανοῦ θʼ ὕπερ ἀστρονομοῦσα,' '. None

173e. both below the earth, and measuring the surface of the earth, and above the sky, studying the stars, and investigating the universal nature' '. None

11. Plato, Timaeus, None (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • allegory, Timaeus’s, ontological/epistemological • epistemology • epistemology, two-worlds

Found in books: Erler et al (2021) 22; Hoenig (2018) 121; Marmodoro and Prince (2015) 54

27d. δὲ ἡμῖν εἰπεῖν. καὶ τὰ μὲν περὶ θεῶν ταύτῃ παρακεκλήσθω· τὸ δʼ ἡμέτερον παρακλητέον, ᾗ ῥᾷστʼ ἂν ὑμεῖς μὲν μάθοιτε, ἐγὼ δὲ ᾗ διανοοῦμαι μάλιστʼ ἂν περὶ τῶν προκειμένων ἐνδειξαίμην. ΤΙ.''. None

27d. ourselves we must also invoke so to proceed, that you may most easily learn and I may most clearly expound my views regarding the subject before us. Tim.''. None

12. None, None, nan (5th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Socrates, wellbeing and epistemic state • empedocles, Love as epistemic object • empedocles, theology and epistemology in • epistemology

Found in books: Iribarren and Koning (2022) 208, 210; Tor (2017) 328; Wolfsdorf (2020) 185

13. None, None, nan (5th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • anthropo-philautia, epistemic, examples of • epistemology, Gorgias

Found in books: Sattler (2021) 73; Wolfsdorf (2020) 115

14. None, None, nan (4th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Stoicism, Stoics, epistemology of • empedocles, Love as epistemic object • empedocles, theology and epistemology in

Found in books: Long (2006) 60; Tor (2017) 330, 331

15. Cicero, On The Ends of Good And Evil, 5.74 (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • epistemology • understanding (Lat. scientia = Gr. episteme)

Found in books: Despotis and Lohr (2022) 184; Erler et al (2021) 92, 104; Tsouni (2019) 142

5.74. quin etiam ipsi voluptarii deverticula diverticula BENV quaerunt et virtutes habent in ore totos dies voluptatemque primo dumtaxat primo dumtaxat NV prima dum taxat R dumtaxat primo BE expeti dicunt, quaerunt ... habent ... dicunt Lamb. quaerant ... habeant (habent V) ... dicant (' sententiae satisfaceret : quidni, quum etiam ... quaerant ... habeant ... dicant? ut minus hoc in Calliphonte et Diodoro mirum esse significaretur ' Mdv. ) deinde consuetudine quasi alteram quandam naturam effici, qua inpulsi multa faciant faciant Bentl., Ernest. ; faciunt nullam quaerentes voluptatem. Stoici restant. ei quidem non unam aliquam aut alteram rem a nobis, sed totam ad se nostram philosophiam add. Bentl., Davis. transtulerunt; atque ut reliqui fures earum rerum, quas ceperunt, signa commutant, sic illi, ut sententiis nostris pro suis uterentur, nomina tamquam rerum notas mutaverunt. ita relinquitur sola haec disciplina digna studiosis ingenuarum artium, digna eruditis, digna claris viris, digna principibus, digna regibus. Quae cum dixisset paulumque parumque BE institisset, Quid est?" ". None

5.74. \xa0Even the votaries of pleasure take refuge in evasions: the name of virtue is on their lips all the time, and they declare that pleasure is only at first the object of desire, and that later habit produces a sort of second nature, which supplies a motive for many actions not aiming at pleasure at all. There remain the Stoics. The Stoics have conveyed from us not some one or other item, but our entire system of philosophy. It is a regular practice of thieves to alter the marks upon stolen goods; and the Stoics, in order to pass off our opinions as their own, have changed the names, which are the marks of things. Our system therefore is left as the sole philosophy worthy of the student of the liberal arts, of the learned and the eminent, of statesmen and princes." <' '. None

16. None, None, nan (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Cicero, on Zenos epistemology • Stoicism, Stoics, epistemology of • Voluntarism, epistemological • Zeno of Citium, epistemology of • epistemology, Paul’s • epistemology, Stoic • epistemology, sceptical • epistemology, suneidēsis

Found in books: Bett (2019) 224; Hoenig (2018) 61; Long (2006) 225, 231, 232, 289; Wilson (2022) 139

17. New Testament, 1 Corinthians, 3.4, 13.12 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Epistemology • epistemology, Paul’s • epistemology, suneidēsis

Found in books: Linjamaa (2019) 59, 161; Wilson (2022) 146, 150

3.4. ὅταν γὰρ λέγῃ τις Ἐγὼ μέν εἰμι Παύλου, ἕτερος δέ Ἐγὼ Ἀπολλώ, οὐκ ἄνθρωποί ἐστε;
13.12. βλέπομεν γὰρ ἄρτι διʼ ἐσόπτρου ἐν αἰνίγματι, τότε δὲ πρόσωπον πρὸς πρόσωπον· ἄρτι γινώσκω ἐκ μέρους, τότε δὲ ἐπιγνώσομαι καθὼς καὶ ἐπεγνώσθην.''. None

3.4. For when one says, "I follow Paul," andanother, "I follow Apollos," aren\'t you fleshly?
13.12. For now we see in a mirror, dimly, butthen face to face. Now I know in part, but then I will know fully, evenas I was also fully known.''. None

18. New Testament, Galatians, 2.20 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • epistemology, Paul’s • epistemology, and death, practice of • epistemology, and godlikeness • epistemology, and memory of sin, post-mortem

Found in books: Champion (2022) 88, 89; Wilson (2022) 113

2.20. ζῶ δὲ οὐκέτι ἐγώ, ζῇ δὲ ἐν ἐμοὶ Χριστός· ὃ δὲ νῦν ζῶ ἐν σαρκί, ἐν πίστει ζῶ τῇ τοῦ υἱοῦ τοῦ θεοῦ τοῦ ἀγαπήσαντός με καὶ παραδόντος ἑαυτὸν ὑπὲρ ἐμοῦ.''. None

2.20. I have been crucified with Christ, andit is no longer I that live, but Christ living in me. That life which Inow live in the flesh, I live by faith in the Son of God, who loved me,and gave himself up for me. ''. None

19. New Testament, Philippians, 2.6-2.7 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Epistemology, Modes of knowing • epistemology

Found in books: Bull Lied and Turner (2011) 175; Roskovec and Hušek (2021) 204

2.6. ὃς ἐν μορφῇ θεοῦ ὑπάρχων οὐχ ἁρπαγμὸν ἡγήσατο τὸ εἶναι ἴσα θεῷ, 2.7. ἀλλὰ ἑαυτὸν ἐκένωσεν μορφὴν δούλου λαβών, ἐν ὁμοιώματι ἀνθρώπων γενόμενος· καὶ σχήματι εὑρεθεὶς ὡς ἄνθρωπος''. None

2.6. who, existing in the form of God, didn't consider it robbery to be equal with God, " '2.7. but emptied himself, taking the form of a servant, being made in the likeness of men. '". None

20. New Testament, John, 1.18 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • epistemology

Found in books: Hirsch-Luipold (2022) 146; Černušková (2016) 132

1.18. θεὸν οὐδεὶς ἑώρακεν πώποτε· μονογενὴς θεὸς ὁ ὢν εἰς τὸν κόλπον τοῦ πατρὸς ἐκεῖνος ἐξηγήσατο.''. None

1.18. No one has seen God at any time. The one and only Son, who is in the bosom of the Father, he has declared him. ''. None

21. None, None, nan (2nd cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Zeno of Citium, epistemology of • epistemology, Paul’s • epistemology, Stoic • epistemology, suneidēsis

Found in books: Long (2006) 229, 231; Wilson (2022) 138

22. None, None, nan (2nd cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Democritus, and epistemology • Voluntarism, epistemological

Found in books: Bett (2019) 222; Hankinson (1998) 210

23. None, None, nan (2nd cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Clement of Alexandria, heresy and epistemology • Gnosticism, epistemology of • epistemology

Found in books: Boulluec (2022) 404, 408; Černušková (2016) 142

n
a
n

24. Diogenes Laertius, Lives of The Philosophers, 7.46, 7.50-7.51, 7.57, 7.162, 7.177 (3rd cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Clement of Alexandria, heresy and epistemology • Epistemology • Epistemology, Modes of knowing • Stoicism, Stoics, epistemology of • Zeno of Citium, epistemology of • epistemology • epistemology, Paul’s • epistemology, Stoic • epistemology, suneidēsis • wise person, epistemic condition

Found in books: Boulluec (2022) 398, 399; Bull Lied and Turner (2011) 175; Frede and Laks (2001) 125; Graver (2007) 226; Long (2006) 106, 226, 228; Petridou (2016) 311; Wilson (2022) 138

7.46. There are two species of presentation, the one apprehending a real object, the other not. The former, which they take to be the test of reality, is defined as that which proceeds from a real object, agrees with that object itself, and has been imprinted seal-fashion and stamped upon the mind: the latter, or non-apprehending, that which does not proceed from any real object, or, if it does, fails to agree with the reality itself, not being clear or distinct.Dialectic, they said, is indispensable and is itself a virtue, embracing other particular virtues under it. Freedom from precipitancy is a knowledge when to give or withhold the mind's assent to impressions." '
7.50. There is a difference between the process and the outcome of presentation. The latter is a semblance in the mind such as may occur in sleep, while the former is the act of imprinting something on the soul, that is a process of change, as is set forth by Chrysippus in the second book of his treatise of the Soul (De anima). For, says he, we must not take impression in the literal sense of the stamp of a seal, because it is impossible to suppose that a number of such impressions should be in one and the same spot at one and the same time. The presentation meant is that which comes from a real object, agrees with that object, and has been stamped, imprinted and pressed seal-fashion on the soul, as would not be the case if it came from an unreal object. 7.51. According to them some presentations are data of sense and others are not: the former are the impressions conveyed through one or more sense-organs; while the latter, which are not data of sense, are those received through the mind itself, as is the case with incorporeal things and all the other presentations which are received by reason. of sensuous impressions some are from real objects and are accompanied by yielding and assent on our part. But there are also presentations that are appearances and no more, purporting, as it were, to come from real objects.Another division of presentations is into rational and irrational, the former being those of rational creatures, the latter those of the irrational. Those which are rational are processes of thought, while those which are irrational have no name. Again, some of our impressions are scientific, others unscientific: at all events a statue is viewed in a totally different way by the trained eye of a sculptor and by an ordinary man.
7.57. Seven of the letters are vowels, a, e, ē i, o, u, ō, and six are mutes, b, g, d, k, p, t. There is a difference between voice and speech; because, while voice may include mere noise, speech is always articulate. Speech again differs from a sentence or statement, because the latter always signifies something, whereas a spoken word, as for example βλίτυρι, may be unintelligible – which a sentence never is. And to frame a sentence is more than mere utterance, for while vocal sounds are uttered, things are meant, that is, are matters of discourse.' "
7.162. After meeting Polemo, says Diocles of Magnesia, while Zeno was suffering from a protracted illness, he recanted his views. The Stoic doctrine to which he attached most importance was the wise man's refusal to hold mere opinions. And against this doctrine Persaeus was contending when he induced one of a pair of twins to deposit a certain sum with Ariston and afterwards got the other to reclaim it. Ariston being thus reduced to perplexity was refuted. He was at variance with Arcesilaus; and one day when he saw an abortion in the shape of a bull with a uterus, he said, Alas, here Arcesilaus has had given into his hand an argument against the evidence of the senses." '
7.177. 6. SPHAERUSAmongst those who after the death of Zeno became pupils of Cleanthes was Sphaerus of Bosporus, as already mentioned. After making considerable progress in his studies, he went to Alexandria to the court of King Ptolemy Philopator. One day when a discussion had arisen on the question whether the wise man could stoop to hold opinion, and Sphaerus had maintained that this was impossible, the king, wishing to refute him, ordered some waxen pomegranates to be put on the table. Sphaerus was taken in and the king cried out, You have given your assent to a presentation which is false. But Sphaerus was ready with a neat answer. I assented not to the proposition that they are pomegranates, but to another, that there are good grounds for thinking them to be pomegranates. Certainty of presentation and reasonable probability are two totally different things. Mnesistratus having accused him of denying that Ptolemy was a king, his reply was, Being of such quality as he is, Ptolemy is indeed a king.'". None

25. Porphyry, Life of Pythagoras, 30 (3rd cent. CE - 4th cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • empedocles, theology and epistemology in • epistemology

Found in books: Iribarren and Koning (2022) 210; Tor (2017) 323

30. He soothed the passions of the soul and body by rhythms, songs and incantations. These he adapted and applied to his friends. He himself could hear the harmony of the Universe, and understood the universal music of the spheres, and of the stars which move in concert with them, and which we cannot hear because of the limitations of our weak nature. This is testified to by these characteristic verses of Empedocles: "Amongst these was one in things sublimest skilled,His mind with all the wealth of learning filled, Whatever sages did invent, he sought;And whilst his thoughts were on this work intent,All things existent, easily he viewed,Through ten or twenty ages making search."

26. None, None, nan (4th cent. CE - 5th cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Epistemology • epistemology

Found in books: Erler et al (2021) 92; Maso (2022) 57

27. None, None, nan
Tagged with subjects: • anthropo-philautia, epistemic, examples of • empedocles, theology and epistemology in • epistemology

Found in books: Iribarren and Koning (2022) 129; Sattler (2021) 83, 87; Tor (2017) 322, 323

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Tiresias: The Ancient Mediterranean Religions Source Database