The Ancient Mediterranean Religions Index Database

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Please note: the results are produced through a computerized process which may frequently lead to errors, both in incorrect tagging and in other issues. Please use with caution.
Due to load times, full text fetching is currently attempted for validated results only.
Full texts for Hebrew Bible and rabbinic texts is kindly supplied by Sefaria; for Greek and Latin texts, by Perseus Scaife, for the Quran, by Tanzil.net

For a list of book indices included, see here.

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All subjects (including unvalidated):

subject	book bibliographic info
ekphrasis	Alexiou and Cairns (2017), Greek Laughter and Tears: Antiquity and After. 66, 67, 203 Augoustakis (2014), Flavian Poetry and its Greek Past, 159, 184 Ayres Champion and Crawford (2023), The Intellectual World of Late Antique Christianity: Reshaping Classical Traditions. 260, 501 Bay (2022), Biblical Heroes and Classical Culture in Christian Late Antiquity: The Historiography, Exemplarity, and Anti-Judaism of Pseudo-Hegesippus, 38, 55, 84, 207, 224 Blum and Biggs (2019), The Epic Journey in Greek and Roman Literature, 79, 268 Cain (2016), The Greek Historia Monachorum in Aegypto: Monastic Hagiography in the Late Fourth Century, 114, 115, 141, 209 Champion (2022), Dorotheus of Gaza and Ascetic Education, 9, 13, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 52, 189, 217 Clarke, King, Baltussen (2023), Pain Narratives in Greco-Roman Writings: Studies in the Representation of Physical and Mental Suffering. 213, 214, 215, 241, 258 Clay and Vergados (2022), Teaching through Images: Imagery in Greco-Roman Didactic Poetry, 223, 295, 298, 308 Cohen (2010), The Significance of Yavneh and other Essays in Jewish Hellenism, 5 Crabb (2020), Luke/Acts and the End of History, 84, 172, 279 Eliav (2023), A Jew in the Roman Bathhouse: Cultural Interaction in the Ancient Mediterranean, 167 Faure (2022), Conceptions of Time in Greek and Roman Antiquity, 120, 121, 123, 124, 126, 127, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134 Gee (2020), Mapping the Afterlife: From Homer to Dante, 67, 94, 95 Greensmith (2021), The Resurrection of Homer in Imperial Greek Epic: Quintus Smyrnaeus' Posthomerica and the Poetics of Impersonation, 97 Harkins and Maier (2022), Experiencing the Shepherd of Hermas, 85, 86 Kirichenko (2022), Greek Literature and the Ideal: The Pragmatics of Space from the Archaic to the Hellenistic Age, 204, 225, 226 Konig (2022), The Folds of Olympus: Mountains in Ancient Greek and Roman Culture, 101, 102, 163, 167, 168 KÃ¶nig (2012), Saints and Symposiasts: The Literature of Food and the Symposium in Greco-Roman and Early Christian Culture, 156, 159 Laemmle (2021), Lists and Catalogues in Ancient Literature and Beyond: Towards a Poetics of Enumeration, 27, 231, 232, 308, 401, 402, 403, 404, 408, 409, 410, 411, 412, 413, 414, 415, 416, 417 Lightfoot (2021), Wonder and the Marvellous from Homer to the Hellenistic World, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 39, 40, 133, 134 MacDougall (2022), Philosophy at the Festival: The Festal Orations of Gregory of Nazianzus and the Classical Tradition. 22, 25, 27, 41, 42, 43, 44, 47, 65, 66, 67, 68, 120, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 134, 135, 141 Maier and Waldner (2022), Desiring Martyrs: Locating Martyrs in Space and Time, 41, 55, 58 Manolaraki (2012), Noscendi Nilum Cupido: Imagining Egypt from Lucan to Philostratus, 31, 85, 86, 105, 149, 216, 244, 261, 292, 301 Mcclellan (2019), Paulinus Noster: Self and Symbols in the Letters of Paulinus of Nola, 82, 83, 84, 85, 244, 266 Moss (2012), Ancient Christian Martyrdom: Diverse Practices, Theologies, and Traditions, 42, 137 Pandey (2018), The Poetics of Power in Augustan Rome, 14, 15, 18, 62, 63, 88, 93, 98, 99, 145, 146, 147, 185, 187, 200, 208, 221, 222, 232, 243 Pinheiro et al. (2018), Cultural Crossroads in the Ancient Novel, 53 Ployd (2023), Augustine, Martyrdom, and Classical Rhetoric, 97, 98 Poulsen (2021), Usages of the Past in Roman Historiography, 278 Repath and Whitmarsh (2022), Reading Heliodorus' Aethiopica, 9, 10, 11 Rohland (2022), Carpe Diem: The Poetics of Presence in Greek and Latin Literature, 142, 161, 162, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 180, 181, 182 Rutledge (2012), Ancient Rome as a Museum: Power, Identity, and the Culture of Collecting, 90, 112 Steiner (2001), Images in Mind: Statues in Archaic and Classical Greek Literature and Thought, 251, 299 Van Nuffelen (2012), Orosius and the Rhetoric of History, 22, 28, 120, 121 Verhagen (2022), Security and Credit in Roman Law: The Historical Evolution of Pignus and Hypotheca, 159, 184 Verhelst and Scheijnens (2022), Greek and Latin Poetry of Late Antiquity: Form, Tradition, and Context, 53, 156, 157, 172 Wright (2015), The Letter of Aristeas : 'Aristeas to Philocrates' or 'On the Translation of the Law of the Jews' 51, 54, 57, 73, 179, 181, 185, 195, 197, 209, 210, 213, 217, 319, 323 de Bakker, van den Berg, and Klooster (2022), Emotions and Narrative in Ancient Literature and Beyond, 174, 175, 176, 177, 246, 247, 575, 576, 577, 578, 640, 654, 698, 699, 700, 701, 702, 703, 704, 705, 706, 707, 708, 709
ekphrasis, and ascetic paideia	Champion (2022), Dorotheus of Gaza and Ascetic Education, 34, 35, 63, 64
ekphrasis, bible	Ayres Champion and Crawford (2023), The Intellectual World of Late Antique Christianity: Reshaping Classical Traditions. 312, 313, 315, 316, 317
ekphrasis, description	Gianvittorio-Ungar and Schlapbach (2021), Choreonarratives: Dancing Stories in Greek and Roman Antiquity and Beyond, 6, 87, 88
ekphrasis, emotions, and	Champion (2022), Dorotheus of Gaza and Ascetic Education, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 30, 31
ekphrasis, eusebius on constantine’s building projects as	Ayres Champion and Crawford (2023), The Intellectual World of Late Antique Christianity: Reshaping Classical Traditions. 501
ekphrasis, examples in the bioi	Gray (2021), Gregory of Nyssa as Biographer: Weaving Lives for Virtuous Readers, 174, 175
ekphrasis, ezekiel, exagoge, and	Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 140
ekphrasis, festivals, of by libanius	Cosgrove (2022), Music at Social Meals in Greek and Roman Antiquity: From the Archaic Period to the Age of Augustine, 189
ekphrasis, in seneca	Fertik (2019), The Ruler's House: Contesting Power and Privacy in Julio-Claudian Rome, 93, 94
ekphrasis, in statius’ poetry	Putnam et al. (2023), The Poetic World of Statius' Silvae, 3, 13, 18, 26, 32, 95, 97, 99, 100, 101, 132, 134, 143, 167, 169, 193, 195
ekphrasis, inscriptions disseminating biblical narratives	Ayres Champion and Crawford (2023), The Intellectual World of Late Antique Christianity: Reshaping Classical Traditions. 312, 313, 315, 316, 317, 326
ekphrasis, instructions for	Gray (2021), Gregory of Nyssa as Biographer: Weaving Lives for Virtuous Readers, 140
ekphrasis, of a festival	Cosgrove (2022), Music at Social Meals in Greek and Roman Antiquity: From the Archaic Period to the Age of Augustine, 189, 262
ekphrasis, of a festival, libanius	Cosgrove (2022), Music at Social Meals in Greek and Roman Antiquity: From the Archaic Period to the Age of Augustine, 189, 262
ekphrasis, on martyrium of st theodore by, gregory of nyssa	Ayres Champion and Crawford (2023), The Intellectual World of Late Antique Christianity: Reshaping Classical Traditions. 506
ekphrasis, paideia, and	Champion (2022), Dorotheus of Gaza and Ascetic Education, 29, 34, 35, 63, 64
ekphrasis, pythagoreans	Ayres Champion and Crawford (2023), The Intellectual World of Late Antique Christianity: Reshaping Classical Traditions. 501
ekphrasis, transformation, and	Champion (2022), Dorotheus of Gaza and Ascetic Education, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 29, 35
ekphrasis, use of bible	Ayres Champion and Crawford (2023), The Intellectual World of Late Antique Christianity: Reshaping Classical Traditions. 326
ekphrasis, vergil, and	Rutledge (2012), Ancient Rome as a Museum: Power, Identity, and the Culture of Collecting, 90
ekphrasis/ecphrasis	Pinheiro Bierl and Beck (2013), Anton Bierl? and Roger Beck?, Intende, Lector - Echoes of Myth, Religion and Ritual in the Ancient Novel, 30, 36, 37, 71, 182, 190, 194 Skempis and Ziogas (2014), Geography, Topography, Landscape: Configurations of Space in Greek and Roman Epic 65, 88, 169, 338, 339, 340, 342, 356, 358, 371, 436, 449, 482
ekphrasis/ecphrasis, acteon, of	Pinheiro Bierl and Beck (2013), Anton Bierl? and Roger Beck?, Intende, Lector - Echoes of Myth, Religion and Ritual in the Ancient Novel, 37
ekphrasis/ecphrasis, aeneas, of	Pinheiro Bierl and Beck (2013), Anton Bierl? and Roger Beck?, Intende, Lector - Echoes of Myth, Religion and Ritual in the Ancient Novel, 246
ekphrasis/ecphrasis, andromeda, of	Pinheiro Bierl and Beck (2013), Anton Bierl? and Roger Beck?, Intende, Lector - Echoes of Myth, Religion and Ritual in the Ancient Novel, 31
ekphrasis/ecphrasis, encolpius, of compared to aeneas	Pinheiro Bierl and Beck (2013), Anton Bierl? and Roger Beck?, Intende, Lector - Echoes of Myth, Religion and Ritual in the Ancient Novel, 243
ekphrasis/ecphrasis, theatrical quality of	Pinheiro Bierl and Beck (2013), Anton Bierl? and Roger Beck?, Intende, Lector - Echoes of Myth, Religion and Ritual in the Ancient Novel, 76
ekphrasis/ekphrases, ecphrasis	Pinheiro et al. (2012a), Narrating Desire: Eros, Sex, and Gender in the Ancient Novel, 19, 111, 175

List of validated texts:

47 validated results for "ekphrasis"

1. Hesiod, Works And Days, 287-292 (8th cent. BCE - 7th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • ecphrasis • ekphrasis

Found in books: Maciver (2012), Quintus Smyrnaeus' Posthomerica: Engaging Homer in Late Antiquity, 68, 69, 70, 78, 79, 81, 84; Verhelst and Scheijnens (2022), Greek and Latin Poetry of Late Antiquity: Form, Tradition, and Context, 156

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287 τὴν μέν τοι κακότητα καὶ ἰλαδὸν ἔστιν ἑλέσθαι'²⁸⁸ ῥηιδίως· λείη μὲν ὁδός, μάλα δʼ ἐγγύθι ναίει· ²⁸⁹ τῆς δʼ ἀρετῆς ἱδρῶτα θεοὶ προπάροιθεν ἔθηκαν ²⁹⁰ ἀθάνατοι· μακρὸς δὲ καὶ ὄρθιος οἶμος ἐς αὐτὴν ²⁹¹ καὶ τρηχὺς τὸ πρῶτον· ἐπὴν δʼ εἰς ἄκρον ἵκηται, ²⁹² ῥηιδίη δὴ ἔπειτα πέλει, χαλεπή περ ἐοῦσα. ' None

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287 Perses, remember this, serve righteousne'²⁸⁸ And wholly sidestep the iniquity ²⁸⁹ of force. The son of Cronus made this act ²⁹⁰ For men - that fish, wild beasts and birds should eat ²⁹¹ Each other, being lawless, but the pact ²⁹² He made with humankind is very meet – ' None

2. Hesiod, Shield, 140, 160, 165, 189, 218, 232-233, 244, 314-317 (8th cent. BCE - 7th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Juno (Hera),, ekphrasis linked to temple of • ecphrasis • ekphrasis

Found in books: Johnson (2008), Ovid before Exile: Art and Punishment in the Metamorphoses, 130; Lightfoot (2021), Wonder and the Marvellous from Homer to the Hellenistic World, 35, 36; Maciver (2012), Quintus Smyrnaeus' Posthomerica: Engaging Homer in Late Antiquity, 46

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140 οὔτʼ ἔρρηξε βαλὼν οὔτʼ ἔθλασε, θαῦμα ἰδέσθαι.' ¹⁶⁰ δεινὸν δερκομένη καναχῇσί τε βεβρυχυῖα. ¹⁶⁵ Ἀμφιτρυωνιάδης, τὰ δʼ ἐδαίετο θαυματὰ ἔργα. ³¹⁵ πᾶν δὲ συνεῖχε σάκος πολυδαίδαλον, οἳ δὲ κατʼ αὐτὸν ' None

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140 broke it with a blow or crushed it. And a wonder it was to see; for its whole orb shimmered with enamel and white ivory and electrum, and it glowed with shining gold; and there were zones of cyanus165 and brightly shone these wonderful works. And it was as though there were spots upon the frightful snakes: and their backs were dark blue and their jaws were black. Also there were upon the shield droves of boars and lions who glared at each other, being furious and eager: ³¹⁵ and enclosed all the cunning work of the shield. Over it swans were soaring and calling loudly, and many others were swimming upon the surface of the water; and near them were shoals of fish. A wonderful thing the great strong shield was to see—even for Zeus the loud-thunderer, by whose will Hephaestus made it " None

3. Hesiod, Theogony, 575 (8th cent. BCE - 7th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Dyrrhachium, ecphrasis • ekphrasis

Found in books: Borg (2008), Paideia: the World of the Second Sophistic: The World of the Second Sophistic, 395; Kirichenko (2022), Greek Literature and the Ideal: The Pragmatics of Space from the Archaic to the Hellenistic Age, 204

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575 δαιδαλέην χείρεσσι κατέσχεθε, θαῦμα ἰδέσθαι·'' None

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575 Married the maid whom Zeus had formed. But Zeu'' None

4. Homer, Iliad, 2.494-2.640, 2.645-2.724, 2.730-2.759, 3.125-3.129, 3.227, 5.725, 6.289, 11.36-11.40, 18.372-18.377, 18.400, 18.425, 18.428-18.608, 19.13, 19.16-19.19 (8th cent. BCE - 7th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Dyrrhachium, ecphrasis • Ekphrasis • Juno (Hera),, ekphrasis linked to temple of • Vergil,, ekphrasis as deployed by • audience, ekphrasis and • conversion, Greek ecphrasis • ecphrasis • ecphrasis, and thauma • ecphrasis, in epic • ecphrasis, length of • ekphrasis • ekphrasis, in Catullus • ekphrasis,, as literary tradition • ekphrasis,, audience and • ekphrasis,, in Homer • ekphrasis,, “performative ekphrasis,” • ekphrasis/ecphrasis • epic, ecphrasis in • gaze, in ekphrasis • performative ekphrasis,, defined and described • reader engagement, with epic ecphrasis • thauma (wonder), ecphrasis and

Found in books: Borg (2008), Paideia: the World of the Second Sophistic: The World of the Second Sophistic, 395; Bowie (2023), Essays on Ancient Greek Literature and Culture, Volume 2: Comedy, Herodotus, Hellenistic and Imperial Greek Poetry, the Novels. 599; Clay and Vergados (2022), Teaching through Images: Imagery in Greco-Roman Didactic Poetry, 295, 298; Crabb (2020), Luke/Acts and the End of History, 84; Edmondson (2008), Roman Dress and the Fabrics of Roman Culture, 205, 206, 209, 210, 213, 216; Elsner (2007), Roman Eyes: Visuality and Subjectivity in Art and Text, 67, 71; Farrell (2021), Juno's Aeneid: A Battle for Heroic Identity, 148; Goldhill (2020), Preposterous Poetics: The Politics and Aesthetics of Form in Late Antiquity, 22, 23; Johnson (2008), Ovid before Exile: Art and Punishment in the Metamorphoses, 29, 30, 91, 130; Laemmle (2021), Lists and Catalogues in Ancient Literature and Beyond: Towards a Poetics of Enumeration, 27, 308; Lightfoot (2021), Wonder and the Marvellous from Homer to the Hellenistic World, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36; Maciver (2012), Quintus Smyrnaeus' Posthomerica: Engaging Homer in Late Antiquity, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 49, 50, 57, 58, 67; Pandey (2018), The Poetics of Power in Augustan Rome, 14; Skempis and Ziogas (2014), Geography, Topography, Landscape: Configurations of Space in Greek and Roman Epic 88; Verhelst and Scheijnens (2022), Greek and Latin Poetry of Late Antiquity: Form, Tradition, and Context, 172; Wright (2015), The Letter of Aristeas : 'Aristeas to Philocrates' or 'On the Translation of the Law of the Jews' 179; de Bakker, van den Berg, and Klooster (2022), Emotions and Narrative in Ancient Literature and Beyond, 174, 246

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2.494 Βοιωτῶν μὲν Πηνέλεως καὶ Λήϊτος ἦρχον ^2.495 Ἀρκεσίλαός τε Προθοήνωρ τε Κλονίος τε, ^2.496 οἵ θʼ Ὑρίην ἐνέμοντο καὶ Αὐλίδα πετρήεσσαν ^2.497 Σχοῖνόν τε Σκῶλόν τε πολύκνημόν τʼ Ἐτεωνόν, ^2.498 Θέσπειαν Γραῖάν τε καὶ εὐρύχορον Μυκαλησσόν, ^2.499 οἵ τʼ ἀμφʼ Ἅρμʼ ἐνέμοντο καὶ Εἰλέσιον καὶ Ἐρυθράς, ^2.500 οἵ τʼ Ἐλεῶνʼ εἶχον ἠδʼ Ὕλην καὶ Πετεῶνα, ^2.501 Ὠκαλέην Μεδεῶνά τʼ ἐϋκτίμενον πτολίεθρον, ^2.502 Κώπας Εὔτρησίν τε πολυτρήρωνά τε Θίσβην, ^2.503 οἵ τε Κορώνειαν καὶ ποιήενθʼ Ἁλίαρτον, ^2.504 οἵ τε Πλάταιαν ἔχον ἠδʼ οἳ Γλισᾶντʼ ἐνέμοντο, ^2.505 οἵ θʼ Ὑποθήβας εἶχον ἐϋκτίμενον πτολίεθρον, ^2.506 Ὀγχηστόν θʼ ἱερὸν Ποσιδήϊον ἀγλαὸν ἄλσος, ^2.507 οἵ τε πολυστάφυλον Ἄρνην ἔχον, οἵ τε Μίδειαν ^2.508 Νῖσάν τε ζαθέην Ἀνθηδόνα τʼ ἐσχατόωσαν· ^2.509 τῶν μὲν πεντήκοντα νέες κίον, ἐν δὲ ἑκάστῃ ^2.510 κοῦροι Βοιωτῶν ἑκατὸν καὶ εἴκοσι βαῖνον. ^2.511 οἳ δʼ Ἀσπληδόνα ναῖον ἰδʼ Ὀρχομενὸν Μινύειον, ^2.512 τῶν ἦρχʼ Ἀσκάλαφος καὶ Ἰάλμενος υἷες Ἄρηος ^2.513 οὓς τέκεν Ἀστυόχη δόμῳ Ἄκτορος Ἀζεΐδαο, ^2.514 παρθένος αἰδοίη ὑπερώϊον εἰσαναβᾶσα ^2.515 Ἄρηϊ κρατερῷ· ὃ δέ οἱ παρελέξατο λάθρῃ· ^2.516 τοῖς δὲ τριήκοντα γλαφυραὶ νέες ἐστιχόωντο. ^2.517 αὐτὰρ Φωκήων Σχεδίος καὶ Ἐπίστροφος ἦρχον ^2.518 υἷες Ἰφίτου μεγαθύμου Ναυβολίδαο, ^2.519 οἳ Κυπάρισσον ἔχον Πυθῶνά τε πετρήεσσαν ^2.520 Κρῖσάν τε ζαθέην καὶ Δαυλίδα καὶ Πανοπῆα, ^2.521 οἵ τʼ Ἀνεμώρειαν καὶ Ὑάμπολιν ἀμφενέμοντο, ^2.522 οἵ τʼ ἄρα πὰρ ποταμὸν Κηφισὸν δῖον ἔναιον, ^2.523 οἵ τε Λίλαιαν ἔχον πηγῇς ἔπι Κηφισοῖο· ^2.524 τοῖς δʼ ἅμα τεσσαράκοντα μέλαιναι νῆες ἕποντο. ^2.525 οἳ μὲν Φωκήων στίχας ἵστασαν ἀμφιέποντες, ^2.526 Βοιωτῶν δʼ ἔμπλην ἐπʼ ἀριστερὰ θωρήσσοντο. ^2.527 Λοκρῶν δʼ ἡγεμόνευεν Ὀϊλῆος ταχὺς Αἴας ^2.528 μείων, οὔ τι τόσος γε ὅσος Τελαμώνιος Αἴας ^2.529 ἀλλὰ πολὺ μείων· ὀλίγος μὲν ἔην λινοθώρηξ, ^2.530 ἐγχείῃ δʼ ἐκέκαστο Πανέλληνας καὶ Ἀχαιούς· ^2.531 οἳ Κῦνόν τʼ ἐνέμοντʼ Ὀπόεντά τε Καλλίαρόν τε ^2.532 Βῆσσάν τε Σκάρφην τε καὶ Αὐγειὰς ἐρατεινὰς ^2.533 Τάρφην τε Θρόνιον τε Βοαγρίου ἀμφὶ ῥέεθρα· ^2.534 τῷ δʼ ἅμα τεσσαράκοντα μέλαιναι νῆες ἕποντο ^2.535 Λοκρῶν, οἳ ναίουσι πέρην ἱερῆς Εὐβοίης. ^2.536 οἳ δʼ Εὔβοιαν ἔχον μένεα πνείοντες Ἄβαντες ^2.537 Χαλκίδα τʼ Εἰρέτριάν τε πολυστάφυλόν θʼ Ἱστίαιαν ^2.538 Κήρινθόν τʼ ἔφαλον Δίου τʼ αἰπὺ πτολίεθρον, ^2.539 οἵ τε Κάρυστον ἔχον ἠδʼ οἳ Στύρα ναιετάασκον, ^2.540 τῶν αὖθʼ ἡγεμόνευʼ Ἐλεφήνωρ ὄζος Ἄρηος ^2.541 Χαλκωδοντιάδης μεγαθύμων ἀρχὸς Ἀβάντων. ^2.542 τῷ δʼ ἅμʼ Ἄβαντες ἕποντο θοοὶ ὄπιθεν κομόωντες ^2.543 αἰχμηταὶ μεμαῶτες ὀρεκτῇσιν μελίῃσι ^2.544 θώρηκας ῥήξειν δηΐων ἀμφὶ στήθεσσι· ^2.545 τῷ δʼ ἅμα τεσσαράκοντα μέλαιναι νῆες ἕποντο. ^2.546 οἳ δʼ ἄρʼ Ἀθήνας εἶχον ἐϋκτίμενον πτολίεθρον ^2.547 δῆμον Ἐρεχθῆος μεγαλήτορος, ὅν ποτʼ Ἀθήνη ^2.548 θρέψε Διὸς θυγάτηρ, τέκε δὲ ζείδωρος ἄρουρα, ^2.549 κὰδ δʼ ἐν Ἀθήνῃς εἷσεν ἑῷ ἐν πίονι νηῷ· ^2.550 ἔνθα δέ μιν ταύροισι καὶ ἀρνειοῖς ἱλάονται ^2.551 κοῦροι Ἀθηναίων περιτελλομένων ἐνιαυτῶν· ^2.552 τῶν αὖθʼ ἡγεμόνευʼ υἱὸς Πετεῶο Μενεσθεύς. ^2.553 τῷ δʼ οὔ πώ τις ὁμοῖος ἐπιχθόνιος γένετʼ ἀνὴρ ^2.554 κοσμῆσαι ἵππους τε καὶ ἀνέρας ἀσπιδιώτας· ^2.555 Νέστωρ οἶος ἔριζεν· ὃ γὰρ προγενέστερος ἦεν· ^2.556 τῷ δʼ ἅμα πεντήκοντα μέλαιναι νῆες ἕποντο. ^2.557 Αἴας δʼ ἐκ Σαλαμῖνος ἄγεν δυοκαίδεκα νῆας, ^2.558 στῆσε δʼ ἄγων ἵνʼ Ἀθηναίων ἵσταντο φάλαγγες. ^2.559 οἳ δʼ Ἄργός τʼ εἶχον Τίρυνθά τε τειχιόεσσαν ^2.560 Ἑρμιόνην Ἀσίνην τε, βαθὺν κατὰ κόλπον ἐχούσας, ^2.561 Τροιζῆνʼ Ἠϊόνας τε καὶ ἀμπελόεντʼ Ἐπίδαυρον, ^2.562 οἵ τʼ ἔχον Αἴγιναν Μάσητά τε κοῦροι Ἀχαιῶν, ^2.563 τῶν αὖθʼ ἡγεμόνευε βοὴν ἀγαθὸς Διομήδης ^2.564 καὶ Σθένελος, Καπανῆος ἀγακλειτοῦ φίλος υἱός· ^2.565 τοῖσι δʼ ἅμʼ Εὐρύαλος τρίτατος κίεν ἰσόθεος φὼς ^2.566 Μηκιστέος υἱὸς Ταλαϊονίδαο ἄνακτος· ^2.567 συμπάντων δʼ ἡγεῖτο βοὴν ἀγαθὸς Διομήδης· ^2.568 τοῖσι δʼ ἅμʼ ὀγδώκοντα μέλαιναι νῆες ἕποντο. ^2.569 οἳ δὲ Μυκήνας εἶχον ἐϋκτίμενον πτολίεθρον ^2.570 ἀφνειόν τε Κόρινθον ἐϋκτιμένας τε Κλεωνάς, ^2.571 Ὀρνειάς τʼ ἐνέμοντο Ἀραιθυρέην τʼ ἐρατεινὴν ^2.572 καὶ Σικυῶνʼ, ὅθʼ ἄρʼ Ἄδρηστος πρῶτʼ ἐμβασίλευεν, ^2.573 οἵ θʼ Ὑπερησίην τε καὶ αἰπεινὴν Γονόεσσαν ^2.574 Πελλήνην τʼ εἶχον ἠδʼ Αἴγιον ἀμφενέμοντο ^2.575 Αἰγιαλόν τʼ ἀνὰ πάντα καὶ ἀμφʼ Ἑλίκην εὐρεῖαν, ^2.576 τῶν ἑκατὸν νηῶν ἦρχε κρείων Ἀγαμέμνων ^2.577 Ἀτρεΐδης· ἅμα τῷ γε πολὺ πλεῖστοι καὶ ἄριστοι ^2.578 λαοὶ ἕποντʼ· ἐν δʼ αὐτὸς ἐδύσετο νώροπα χαλκὸν ^2.579 κυδιόων, πᾶσιν δὲ μετέπρεπεν ἡρώεσσιν ^2.580 οὕνεκʼ ἄριστος ἔην πολὺ δὲ πλείστους ἄγε λαούς. ^2.581 οἳ δʼ εἶχον κοίλην Λακεδαίμονα κητώεσσαν, ^2.582 Φᾶρίν τε Σπάρτην τε πολυτρήρωνά τε Μέσσην, ^2.583 Βρυσειάς τʼ ἐνέμοντο καὶ Αὐγειὰς ἐρατεινάς, ^2.584 οἵ τʼ ἄρʼ Ἀμύκλας εἶχον Ἕλος τʼ ἔφαλον πτολίεθρον, ^2.585 οἵ τε Λάαν εἶχον ἠδʼ Οἴτυλον ἀμφενέμοντο, ^2.586 τῶν οἱ ἀδελφεὸς ἦρχε βοὴν ἀγαθὸς Μενέλαος ^2.587 ἑξήκοντα νεῶν· ἀπάτερθε δὲ θωρήσσοντο· ^2.588 ἐν δʼ αὐτὸς κίεν ᾗσι προθυμίῃσι πεποιθὼς ^2.589 ὀτρύνων πόλεμον δέ· μάλιστα δὲ ἵετο θυμῷ ^2.590 τίσασθαι Ἑλένης ὁρμήματά τε στοναχάς τε. ^2.591 οἳ δὲ Πύλον τʼ ἐνέμοντο καὶ Ἀρήνην ἐρατεινὴν ^2.592 καὶ Θρύον Ἀλφειοῖο πόρον καὶ ἐΰκτιτον Αἰπὺ ^2.593 καὶ Κυπαρισσήεντα καὶ Ἀμφιγένειαν ἔναιον ^2.594 καὶ Πτελεὸν καὶ Ἕλος καὶ Δώριον, ἔνθά τε Μοῦσαι ^2.595 ἀντόμεναι Θάμυριν τὸν Θρήϊκα παῦσαν ἀοιδῆς ^2.596 Οἰχαλίηθεν ἰόντα παρʼ Εὐρύτου Οἰχαλιῆος· ^2.597 στεῦτο γὰρ εὐχόμενος νικησέμεν εἴ περ ἂν αὐταὶ ^2.598 Μοῦσαι ἀείδοιεν κοῦραι Διὸς αἰγιόχοιο· ^2.599 αἳ δὲ χολωσάμεναι πηρὸν θέσαν, αὐτὰρ ἀοιδὴν ^2.600 θεσπεσίην ἀφέλοντο καὶ ἐκλέλαθον κιθαριστύν· ^2.601 τῶν αὖθʼ ἡγεμόνευε Γερήνιος ἱππότα Νέστωρ· ^2.602 τῷ δʼ ἐνενήκοντα γλαφυραὶ νέες ἐστιχόωντο. ^2.603 οἳ δʼ ἔχον Ἀρκαδίην ὑπὸ Κυλλήνης ὄρος αἰπὺ ^2.604 Αἰπύτιον παρὰ τύμβον ἵνʼ ἀνέρες ἀγχιμαχηταί, ^2.605 οἳ Φενεόν τʼ ἐνέμοντο καὶ Ὀρχομενὸν πολύμηλον ^2.606 Ῥίπην τε Στρατίην τε καὶ ἠνεμόεσσαν Ἐνίσπην ^2.607 καὶ Τεγέην εἶχον καὶ Μαντινέην ἐρατεινὴν ^2.608 Στύμφηλόν τʼ εἶχον καὶ Παρρασίην ἐνέμοντο, ^2.609 τῶν ἦρχʼ Ἀγκαίοιο πάϊς κρείων Ἀγαπήνωρ ^2.610 ἑξήκοντα νεῶν· πολέες δʼ ἐν νηῒ ἑκάστῃ ^2.611 Ἀρκάδες ἄνδρες ἔβαινον ἐπιστάμενοι πολεμίζειν. ^2.612 αὐτὸς γάρ σφιν δῶκεν ἄναξ ἀνδρῶν Ἀγαμέμνων ^2.613 νῆας ἐϋσσέλμους περάαν ἐπὶ οἴνοπα πόντον ^2.614 Ἀτρεΐδης, ἐπεὶ οὔ σφι θαλάσσια ἔργα μεμήλει. ^2.615 οἳ δʼ ἄρα Βουπράσιόν τε καὶ Ἤλιδα δῖαν ἔναιον ^2.616 ὅσσον ἐφʼ Ὑρμίνη καὶ Μύρσινος ἐσχατόωσα ^2.617 πέτρη τʼ Ὠλενίη καὶ Ἀλήσιον ἐντὸς ἐέργει, ^2.618 τῶν αὖ τέσσαρες ἀρχοὶ ἔσαν, δέκα δʼ ἀνδρὶ ἑκάστῳ ^2.619 νῆες ἕποντο θοαί, πολέες δʼ ἔμβαινον Ἐπειοί. ^2.620 τῶν μὲν ἄρʼ Ἀμφίμαχος καὶ Θάλπιος ἡγησάσθην ^2.621 υἷες ὃ μὲν Κτεάτου, ὃ δʼ ἄρʼ Εὐρύτου, Ἀκτορίωνε· ^2.622 τῶν δʼ Ἀμαρυγκεΐδης ἦρχε κρατερὸς Διώρης· ^2.623 τῶν δὲ τετάρτων ἦρχε Πολύξεινος θεοειδὴς ^2.624 υἱὸς Ἀγασθένεος Αὐγηϊάδαο ἄνακτος. ^2.625 οἳ δʼ ἐκ Δουλιχίοιο Ἐχινάων θʼ ἱεράων ^2.626 νήσων, αἳ ναίουσι πέρην ἁλὸς Ἤλιδος ἄντα, ^2.627 τῶν αὖθʼ ἡγεμόνευε Μέγης ἀτάλαντος Ἄρηϊ ^2.628 Φυλεΐδης, ὃν τίκτε Διῒ φίλος ἱππότα Φυλεύς, ^2.629 ὅς ποτε Δουλίχιον δʼ ἀπενάσσατο πατρὶ χολωθείς· ^2.631 αὐτὰρ Ὀδυσσεὺς ἦγε Κεφαλλῆνας μεγαθύμους, ^2.632 οἵ ῥʼ Ἰθάκην εἶχον καὶ Νήριτον εἰνοσίφυλλον ^2.633 καὶ Κροκύλειʼ ἐνέμοντο καὶ Αἰγίλιπα τρηχεῖαν, ^2.634 οἵ τε Ζάκυνθον ἔχον ἠδʼ οἳ Σάμον ἀμφενέμοντο, ^2.635 οἵ τʼ ἤπειρον ἔχον ἠδʼ ἀντιπέραιʼ ἐνέμοντο· ^2.636 τῶν μὲν Ὀδυσσεὺς ἦρχε Διὶ μῆτιν ἀτάλαντος· ^2.637 τῷ δʼ ἅμα νῆες ἕποντο δυώδεκα μιλτοπάρῃοι. ^2.638 Αἰτωλῶν δʼ ἡγεῖτο Θόας Ἀνδραίμονος υἱός, ^2.639 οἳ Πλευρῶνʼ ἐνέμοντο καὶ Ὤλενον ἠδὲ Πυλήνην ^2.645 Κρητῶν δʼ Ἰδομενεὺς δουρὶ κλυτὸς ἡγεμόνευεν, ^2.646 οἳ Κνωσόν τʼ εἶχον Γόρτυνά τε τειχιόεσσαν, ^2.647 Λύκτον Μίλητόν τε καὶ ἀργινόεντα Λύκαστον ^2.648 Φαιστόν τε Ῥύτιόν τε, πόλεις εὖ ναιετοώσας, ^2.649 ἄλλοι θʼ οἳ Κρήτην ἑκατόμπολιν ἀμφενέμοντο. ^2.650 τῶν μὲν ἄρʼ Ἰδομενεὺς δουρὶ κλυτὸς ἡγεμόνευε ^2.651 Μηριόνης τʼ ἀτάλαντος Ἐνυαλίῳ ἀνδρειφόντῃ· ^2.653 Τληπόλεμος δʼ Ἡρακλεΐδης ἠΰς τε μέγας τε ^2.654 ἐκ Ῥόδου ἐννέα νῆας ἄγεν Ῥοδίων ἀγερώχων, ^2.655 οἳ Ῥόδον ἀμφενέμοντο διὰ τρίχα κοσμηθέντες ^2.656 Λίνδον Ἰηλυσόν τε καὶ ἀργινόεντα Κάμειρον. ^2.657 τῶν μὲν Τληπόλεμος δουρὶ κλυτὸς ἡγεμόνευεν, ^2.658 ὃν τέκεν Ἀστυόχεια βίῃ Ἡρακληείῃ, ^2.659 τὴν ἄγετʼ ἐξ Ἐφύρης ποταμοῦ ἄπο Σελλήεντος ^2.660 πέρσας ἄστεα πολλὰ διοτρεφέων αἰζηῶν. ^2.661 Τληπόλεμος δʼ ἐπεὶ οὖν τράφʼ ἐνὶ μεγάρῳ εὐπήκτῳ, ^2.662 αὐτίκα πατρὸς ἑοῖο φίλον μήτρωα κατέκτα ^2.663 ἤδη γηράσκοντα Λικύμνιον ὄζον Ἄρηος· ^2.664 αἶψα δὲ νῆας ἔπηξε, πολὺν δʼ ὅ γε λαὸν ἀγείρας ^2.665 βῆ φεύγων ἐπὶ πόντον· ἀπείλησαν γάρ οἱ ἄλλοι ^2.666 υἱέες υἱωνοί τε βίης Ἡρακληείης. ^2.667 αὐτὰρ ὅ γʼ ἐς Ῥόδον ἷξεν ἀλώμενος ἄλγεα πάσχων· ^2.668 τριχθὰ δὲ ᾤκηθεν καταφυλαδόν, ἠδὲ φίληθεν ^2.669 ἐκ Διός, ὅς τε θεοῖσι καὶ ἀνθρώποισιν ἀνάσσει, ^2.670 καί σφιν θεσπέσιον πλοῦτον κατέχευε Κρονίων. ^2.671 Νιρεὺς αὖ Σύμηθεν ἄγε τρεῖς νῆας ἐΐσας ^2.672 Νιρεὺς Ἀγλαΐης υἱὸς Χαρόποιό τʼ ἄνακτος ^2.673 Νιρεύς, ὃς κάλλιστος ἀνὴρ ὑπὸ Ἴλιον ἦλθε ^2.674 τῶν ἄλλων Δαναῶν μετʼ ἀμύμονα Πηλεΐωνα· ^2.675 ἀλλʼ ἀλαπαδνὸς ἔην, παῦρος δέ οἱ εἵπετο λαός. ^2.676 οἳ δʼ ἄρα Νίσυρόν τʼ εἶχον Κράπαθόν τε Κάσον τε ^2.677 καὶ Κῶν Εὐρυπύλοιο πόλιν νήσους τε Καλύδνας, ^2.678 τῶν αὖ Φείδιππός τε καὶ Ἄντιφος ἡγησάσθην ^2.679 Θεσσαλοῦ υἷε δύω Ἡρακλεΐδαο ἄνακτος· ^2.681 νῦν αὖ τοὺς ὅσσοι τὸ Πελασγικὸν Ἄργος ἔναιον, ^2.682 οἵ τʼ Ἄλον οἵ τʼ Ἀλόπην οἵ τε Τρηχῖνα νέμοντο, ^2.683 οἵ τʼ εἶχον Φθίην ἠδʼ Ἑλλάδα καλλιγύναικα, ^2.684 Μυρμιδόνες δὲ καλεῦντο καὶ Ἕλληνες καὶ Ἀχαιοί, ^2.685 τῶν αὖ πεντήκοντα νεῶν ἦν ἀρχὸς Ἀχιλλεύς. ^2.686 ἀλλʼ οἵ γʼ οὐ πολέμοιο δυσηχέος ἐμνώοντο· ^2.687 οὐ γὰρ ἔην ὅς τίς σφιν ἐπὶ στίχας ἡγήσαιτο· ^2.688 κεῖτο γὰρ ἐν νήεσσι ποδάρκης δῖος Ἀχιλλεὺς ^2.689 κούρης χωόμενος Βρισηΐδος ἠϋκόμοιο, ^2.690 τὴν ἐκ Λυρνησσοῦ ἐξείλετο πολλὰ μογήσας ^2.691 Λυρνησσὸν διαπορθήσας καὶ τείχεα Θήβης, ^2.692 κὰδ δὲ Μύνητʼ ἔβαλεν καὶ Ἐπίστροφον ἐγχεσιμώρους, ^2.693 υἱέας Εὐηνοῖο Σεληπιάδαο ἄνακτος· ^2.694 τῆς ὅ γε κεῖτʼ ἀχέων, τάχα δʼ ἀνστήσεσθαι ἔμελλεν. ^2.695 οἳ δʼ εἶχον Φυλάκην καὶ Πύρασον ἀνθεμόεντα ^2.696 Δήμητρος τέμενος, Ἴτωνά τε μητέρα μήλων, ^2.697 ἀγχίαλόν τʼ Ἀντρῶνα ἰδὲ Πτελεὸν λεχεποίην, ^2.698 τῶν αὖ Πρωτεσίλαος ἀρήϊος ἡγεμόνευε ^2.699 ζωὸς ἐών· τότε δʼ ἤδη ἔχεν κάτα γαῖα μέλαινα. ^2.700 τοῦ δὲ καὶ ἀμφιδρυφὴς ἄλοχος Φυλάκῃ ἐλέλειπτο ^2.701 καὶ δόμος ἡμιτελής· τὸν δʼ ἔκτανε Δάρδανος ἀνὴρ ^2.702 νηὸς ἀποθρῴσκοντα πολὺ πρώτιστον Ἀχαιῶν. ^2.703 οὐδὲ μὲν οὐδʼ οἳ ἄναρχοι ἔσαν, πόθεόν γε μὲν ἀρχόν· ^2.704 ἀλλά σφεας κόσμησε Ποδάρκης ὄζος Ἄρηος ^2.705 Ἰφίκλου υἱὸς πολυμήλου Φυλακίδαο ^2.706 αὐτοκασίγνητος μεγαθύμου Πρωτεσιλάου ^2.707 ὁπλότερος γενεῇ· ὁ δʼ ἅμα πρότερος καὶ ἀρείων ^2.708 ἥρως Πρωτεσίλαος ἀρήϊος· οὐδέ τι λαοὶ ^2.709 δεύονθʼ ἡγεμόνος, πόθεόν γε μὲν ἐσθλὸν ἐόντα· ^2.711 οἳ δὲ Φερὰς ἐνέμοντο παραὶ Βοιβηΐδα λίμνην ^2.712 Βοίβην καὶ Γλαφύρας καὶ ἐϋκτιμένην Ἰαωλκόν, ^2.713 τῶν ἦρχʼ Ἀδμήτοιο φίλος πάϊς ἕνδεκα νηῶν ^2.714 Εὔμηλος, τὸν ὑπʼ Ἀδμήτῳ τέκε δῖα γυναικῶν ^2.715 Ἄλκηστις Πελίαο θυγατρῶν εἶδος ἀρίστη. ^2.716 οἳ δʼ ἄρα Μηθώνην καὶ Θαυμακίην ἐνέμοντο ^2.717 καὶ Μελίβοιαν ἔχον καὶ Ὀλιζῶνα τρηχεῖαν, ^2.718 τῶν δὲ Φιλοκτήτης ἦρχεν τόξων ἐῢ εἰδὼς ^2.719 ἑπτὰ νεῶν· ἐρέται δʼ ἐν ἑκάστῃ πεντήκοντα ^2.720 ἐμβέβασαν τόξων εὖ εἰδότες ἶφι μάχεσθαι. ^2.721 ἀλλʼ ὃ μὲν ἐν νήσῳ κεῖτο κρατέρʼ ἄλγεα πάσχων ^2.722 Λήμνῳ ἐν ἠγαθέῃ, ὅθι μιν λίπον υἷες Ἀχαιῶν ^2.723 ἕλκεϊ μοχθίζοντα κακῷ ὀλοόφρονος ὕδρου· ^2.724 ἔνθʼ ὅ γε κεῖτʼ ἀχέων· τάχα δὲ μνήσεσθαι ἔμελλον ^2.730 οἵ τʼ ἔχον Οἰχαλίην πόλιν Εὐρύτου Οἰχαλιῆος, ^2.731 τῶν αὖθʼ ἡγείσθην Ἀσκληπιοῦ δύο παῖδε ^2.732 ἰητῆρʼ ἀγαθὼ Ποδαλείριος ἠδὲ Μαχάων· ^2.734 οἳ δʼ ἔχον Ὀρμένιον, οἵ τε κρήνην Ὑπέρειαν, ^2.735 οἵ τʼ ἔχον Ἀστέριον Τιτάνοιό τε λευκὰ κάρηνα, ^2.736 τῶν ἦρχʼ Εὐρύπυλος Εὐαίμονος ἀγλαὸς υἱός· ^2.738 οἳ δʼ Ἄργισσαν ἔχον καὶ Γυρτώνην ἐνέμοντο, ^2.739 Ὄρθην Ἠλώνην τε πόλιν τʼ Ὀλοοσσόνα λευκήν, ^2.740 τῶν αὖθʼ ἡγεμόνευε μενεπτόλεμος Πολυποίτης ^2.741 υἱὸς Πειριθόοιο τὸν ἀθάνατος τέκετο Ζεύς· ^2.742 τόν ῥʼ ὑπὸ Πειριθόῳ τέκετο κλυτὸς Ἱπποδάμεια ^2.743 ἤματι τῷ ὅτε Φῆρας ἐτίσατο λαχνήεντας, ^2.744 τοὺς δʼ ἐκ Πηλίου ὦσε καὶ Αἰθίκεσσι πέλασσεν· ^2.745 οὐκ οἶος, ἅμα τῷ γε Λεοντεὺς ὄζος Ἄρηος ^2.746 υἱὸς ὑπερθύμοιο Κορώνου Καινεΐδαο· ^2.748 Γουνεὺς δʼ ἐκ Κύφου ἦγε δύω καὶ εἴκοσι νῆας· ^2.749 τῷ δʼ Ἐνιῆνες ἕποντο μενεπτόλεμοί τε Περαιβοὶ ^2.750 οἳ περὶ Δωδώνην δυσχείμερον οἰκίʼ ἔθεντο, ^2.751 οἵ τʼ ἀμφʼ ἱμερτὸν Τιταρησσὸν ἔργα νέμοντο ^2.752 ὅς ῥʼ ἐς Πηνειὸν προΐει καλλίρροον ὕδωρ, ^2.753 οὐδʼ ὅ γε Πηνειῷ συμμίσγεται ἀργυροδίνῃ, ^2.754 ἀλλά τέ μιν καθύπερθεν ἐπιρρέει ἠΰτʼ ἔλαιον· ^2.755 ὅρκου γὰρ δεινοῦ Στυγὸς ὕδατός ἐστιν ἀπορρώξ. ^2.756 Μαγνήτων δʼ ἦρχε Πρόθοος Τενθρηδόνος υἱός, ^2.757 οἳ περὶ Πηνειὸν καὶ Πήλιον εἰνοσίφυλλον ^2.758 ναίεσκον· τῶν μὲν Πρόθοος θοὸς ἡγεμόνευε, ^3.125 τὴν δʼ εὗρʼ ἐν μεγάρῳ· ἣ δὲ μέγαν ἱστὸν ὕφαινε ^3.126 δίπλακα πορφυρέην, πολέας δʼ ἐνέπασσεν ἀέθλους ^3.127 Τρώων θʼ ἱπποδάμων καὶ Ἀχαιῶν χαλκοχιτώνων, ^3.128 οὕς ἑθεν εἵνεκʼ ἔπασχον ὑπʼ Ἄρηος παλαμάων· ^3.129 ἀγχοῦ δʼ ἱσταμένη προσέφη πόδας ὠκέα Ἶρις· ^3.227 ἔξοχος Ἀργείων κεφαλήν τε καὶ εὐρέας ὤμους; ^5.725 χάλκεʼ ἐπίσσωτρα προσαρηρότα, θαῦμα ἰδέσθαι· ^6.289 ἔνθʼ ἔσάν οἱ πέπλοι παμποίκιλα ἔργα γυναικῶν ^11.36 τῇ δʼ ἐπὶ μὲν Γοργὼ βλοσυρῶπις ἐστεφάνωτο ^11.37 δεινὸν δερκομένη, περὶ δὲ Δεῖμός τε Φόβος τε. ^11.38 τῆς δʼ ἐξ ἀργύρεος τελαμὼν ἦν· αὐτὰρ ἐπʼ αὐτοῦ ^11.39 κυάνεος ἐλέλικτο δράκων, κεφαλαὶ δέ οἱ ἦσαν ^11.40 τρεῖς ἀμφιστρεφέες ἑνὸς αὐχένος ἐκπεφυυῖαι. ^18.372 τὸν δʼ εὗρʼ ἱδρώοντα ἑλισσόμενον περὶ φύσας ^18.373 σπεύδοντα· τρίποδας γὰρ ἐείκοσι πάντας ἔτευχεν ^18.374 ἑστάμεναι περὶ τοῖχον ἐϋσταθέος μεγάροιο, ^18.375 χρύσεα δέ σφʼ ὑπὸ κύκλα ἑκάστῳ πυθμένι θῆκεν, ^18.376 ὄφρά οἱ αὐτόματοι θεῖον δυσαίατʼ ἀγῶνα ^18.377 ἠδʼ αὖτις πρὸς δῶμα νεοίατο θαῦμα ἰδέσθαι. ^18.400 τῇσι παρʼ εἰνάετες χάλκευον δαίδαλα πολλά, ^18.425 αἰδοίη τε φίλη τε; πάρος γε μὲν οὔ τι θαμίζεις. ^18.428 τὸν δʼ ἠμείβετʼ ἔπειτα Θέτις κατὰ δάκρυ χέουσα· ^18.429 Ἥφαιστʼ, ἦ ἄρα δή τις, ὅσαι θεαί εἰσʼ ἐν Ὀλύμπῳ, ^18.430 τοσσάδʼ ἐνὶ φρεσὶν ᾗσιν ἀνέσχετο κήδεα λυγρὰ ^18.431 ὅσσʼ ἐμοὶ ἐκ πασέων Κρονίδης Ζεὺς ἄλγεʼ ἔδωκεν; ^18.432 ἐκ μέν μʼ ἀλλάων ἁλιάων ἀνδρὶ δάμασσεν ^18.433 Αἰακίδῃ Πηλῆϊ, καὶ ἔτλην ἀνέρος εὐνὴν ^18.434 πολλὰ μάλʼ οὐκ ἐθέλουσα. ὃ μὲν δὴ γήραϊ λυγρῷ ^18.435 κεῖται ἐνὶ μεγάροις ἀρημένος, ἄλλα δέ μοι νῦν, ^18.436 υἱὸν ἐπεί μοι δῶκε γενέσθαί τε τραφέμεν τε ^18.437 ἔξοχον ἡρώων· ὃ δʼ ἀνέδραμεν ἔρνεϊ ἶσος· ^18.438 τὸν μὲν ἐγὼ θρέψασα φυτὸν ὣς γουνῷ ἀλωῆς ^18.439 νηυσὶν ἐπιπροέηκα κορωνίσιν Ἴλιον εἴσω ^18.440 Τρωσὶ μαχησόμενον· τὸν δʼ οὐχ ὑποδέξομαι αὖτις ^18.441 οἴκαδε νοστήσαντα δόμον Πηλήϊον εἴσω. ^18.442 ὄφρα δέ μοι ζώει καὶ ὁρᾷ φάος ἠελίοιο ^18.443 ἄχνυται, οὐδέ τί οἱ δύναμαι χραισμῆσαι ἰοῦσα. ^18.444 κούρην ἣν ἄρα οἱ γέρας ἔξελον υἷες Ἀχαιῶν, ^18.445 τὴν ἂψ ἐκ χειρῶν ἕλετο κρείων Ἀγαμέμνων. ^18.446 ἤτοι ὃ τῆς ἀχέων φρένας ἔφθιεν· αὐτὰρ Ἀχαιοὺς ^18.447 Τρῶες ἐπὶ πρύμνῃσιν ἐείλεον, οὐδὲ θύραζε ^18.448 εἴων ἐξιέναι· τὸν δὲ λίσσοντο γέροντες ^18.449 Ἀργείων, καὶ πολλὰ περικλυτὰ δῶρʼ ὀνόμαζον. ^18.450 ἔνθʼ αὐτὸς μὲν ἔπειτʼ ἠναίνετο λοιγὸν ἀμῦναι, ^18.451 αὐτὰρ ὃ Πάτροκλον περὶ μὲν τὰ ἃ τεύχεα ἕσσε, ^18.452 πέμπε δέ μιν πόλεμον δέ, πολὺν δʼ ἅμα λαὸν ὄπασσε. ^18.453 πᾶν δʼ ἦμαρ μάρναντο περὶ Σκαιῇσι πύλῃσι· ^18.454 καί νύ κεν αὐτῆμαρ πόλιν ἔπραθον, εἰ μὴ Ἀπόλλων ^18.455 πολλὰ κακὰ ῥέξαντα Μενοιτίου ἄλκιμον υἱὸν ^18.456 ἔκτανʼ ἐνὶ προμάχοισι καὶ Ἕκτορι κῦδος ἔδωκε. ^18.457 τοὔνεκα νῦν τὰ σὰ γούναθʼ ἱκάνομαι, αἴ κʼ ἐθέλῃσθα ^18.458 υἱεῖ ἐμῷ ὠκυμόρῳ δόμεν ἀσπίδα καὶ τρυφάλειαν ^18.459 καὶ καλὰς κνημῖδας ἐπισφυρίοις ἀραρυίας ^18.460 καὶ θώρηχʼ· ὃ γὰρ ἦν οἱ ἀπώλεσε πιστὸς ἑταῖρος ^18.461 Τρωσὶ δαμείς· ὃ δὲ κεῖται ἐπὶ χθονὶ θυμὸν ἀχεύων. ^18.462 τὴν δʼ ἠμείβετʼ ἔπειτα περικλυτὸς ἀμφιγυήεις· ^18.463 θάρσει· μή τοι ταῦτα μετὰ φρεσὶ σῇσι μελόντων. ^18.464 αἲ γάρ μιν θανάτοιο δυσηχέος ὧδε δυναίμην ^18.465 νόσφιν ἀποκρύψαι, ὅτε μιν μόρος αἰνὸς ἱκάνοι, ^18.466 ὥς οἱ τεύχεα καλὰ παρέσσεται, οἷά τις αὖτε ^18.467 ἀνθρώπων πολέων θαυμάσσεται, ὅς κεν ἴδηται. ^18.468 ὣς εἰπὼν τὴν μὲν λίπεν αὐτοῦ, βῆ δʼ ἐπὶ φύσας· ^18.469 τὰς δʼ ἐς πῦρ ἔτρεψε κέλευσέ τε ἐργάζεσθαι. ^18.470 φῦσαι δʼ ἐν χοάνοισιν ἐείκοσι πᾶσαι ἐφύσων ^18.471 παντοίην εὔπρηστον ἀϋτμὴν ἐξανιεῖσαι, ^18.472 ἄλλοτε μὲν σπεύδοντι παρέμμεναι, ἄλλοτε δʼ αὖτε, ^18.473 ὅππως Ἥφαιστός τʼ ἐθέλοι καὶ ἔργον ἄνοιτο. ^18.474 χαλκὸν δʼ ἐν πυρὶ βάλλεν ἀτειρέα κασσίτερόν τε ^18.475 καὶ χρυσὸν τιμῆντα καὶ ἄργυρον· αὐτὰρ ἔπειτα ^18.476 θῆκεν ἐν ἀκμοθέτῳ μέγαν ἄκμονα, γέντο δὲ χειρὶ ^18.477 ῥαιστῆρα κρατερήν, ἑτέρηφι δὲ γέντο πυράγρην. ^18.478 ποίει δὲ πρώτιστα σάκος μέγα τε στιβαρόν τε ^18.479 πάντοσε δαιδάλλων, περὶ δʼ ἄντυγα βάλλε φαεινὴν ^18.480 τρίπλακα μαρμαρέην, ἐκ δʼ ἀργύρεον τελαμῶνα. ^18.481 πέντε δʼ ἄρʼ αὐτοῦ ἔσαν σάκεος πτύχες· αὐτὰρ ἐν αὐτῷ ^18.482 ποίει δαίδαλα πολλὰ ἰδυίῃσι πραπίδεσσιν. ^18.483 ἐν μὲν γαῖαν ἔτευξʼ, ἐν δʼ οὐρανόν, ἐν δὲ θάλασσαν, ^18.484 ἠέλιόν τʼ ἀκάμαντα σελήνην τε πλήθουσαν, ^18.485 ἐν δὲ τὰ τείρεα πάντα, τά τʼ οὐρανὸς ἐστεφάνωται, ^18.486 Πληϊάδας θʼ Ὑάδας τε τό τε σθένος Ὠρίωνος ^18.487 Ἄρκτόν θʼ, ἣν καὶ Ἄμαξαν ἐπίκλησιν καλέουσιν, ^18.488 ἥ τʼ αὐτοῦ στρέφεται καί τʼ Ὠρίωνα δοκεύει, ^18.489 οἴη δʼ ἄμμορός ἐστι λοετρῶν Ὠκεανοῖο. ^18.490 ἐν δὲ δύω ποίησε πόλεις μερόπων ἀνθρώπων ^18.491 καλάς. ἐν τῇ μέν ῥα γάμοι τʼ ἔσαν εἰλαπίναι τε, ^18.492 νύμφας δʼ ἐκ θαλάμων δαΐδων ὕπο λαμπομενάων ^18.493 ἠγίνεον ἀνὰ ἄστυ, πολὺς δʼ ὑμέναιος ὀρώρει· ^18.494 κοῦροι δʼ ὀρχηστῆρες ἐδίνεον, ἐν δʼ ἄρα τοῖσιν ^18.495 αὐλοὶ φόρμιγγές τε βοὴν ἔχον· αἳ δὲ γυναῖκες ^18.496 ἱστάμεναι θαύμαζον ἐπὶ προθύροισιν ἑκάστη. ^18.497 λαοὶ δʼ εἰν ἀγορῇ ἔσαν ἀθρόοι· ἔνθα δὲ νεῖκος ^18.498 ὠρώρει, δύο δʼ ἄνδρες ἐνείκεον εἵνεκα ποινῆς ^18.499 ἀνδρὸς ἀποφθιμένου· ὃ μὲν εὔχετο πάντʼ ἀποδοῦναι ^18.500 δήμῳ πιφαύσκων, ὃ δʼ ἀναίνετο μηδὲν ἑλέσθαι· ^18.501 ἄμφω δʼ ἱέσθην ἐπὶ ἴστορι πεῖραρ ἑλέσθαι. ^18.502 λαοὶ δʼ ἀμφοτέροισιν ἐπήπυον ἀμφὶς ἀρωγοί· ^18.503 κήρυκες δʼ ἄρα λαὸν ἐρήτυον· οἳ δὲ γέροντες ^18.504 εἵατʼ ἐπὶ ξεστοῖσι λίθοις ἱερῷ ἐνὶ κύκλῳ, ^18.505 σκῆπτρα δὲ κηρύκων ἐν χέρσʼ ἔχον ἠεροφώνων· ^18.506 τοῖσιν ἔπειτʼ ἤϊσσον, ἀμοιβηδὶς δὲ δίκαζον. ^18.507 κεῖτο δʼ ἄρʼ ἐν μέσσοισι δύω χρυσοῖο τάλαντα, ^18.508 τῷ δόμεν ὃς μετὰ τοῖσι δίκην ἰθύντατα εἴποι. ^18.509 τὴν δʼ ἑτέρην πόλιν ἀμφὶ δύω στρατοὶ ἥατο λαῶν ^18.510 τεύχεσι λαμπόμενοι· δίχα δέ σφισιν ἥνδανε βουλή, ^18.511 ἠὲ διαπραθέειν ἢ ἄνδιχα πάντα δάσασθαι ^18.512 κτῆσιν ὅσην πτολίεθρον ἐπήρατον ἐντὸς ἔεργεν· ^18.513 οἳ δʼ οὔ πω πείθοντο, λόχῳ δʼ ὑπεθωρήσσοντο. ^18.514 τεῖχος μέν ῥʼ ἄλοχοί τε φίλαι καὶ νήπια τέκνα ^18.515 ῥύατʼ ἐφεσταότες, μετὰ δʼ ἀνέρες οὓς ἔχε γῆρας· ^18.516 οἳ δʼ ἴσαν· ἦρχε δʼ ἄρά σφιν Ἄρης καὶ Παλλὰς Ἀθήνη ^18.517 ἄμφω χρυσείω, χρύσεια δὲ εἵματα ἕσθην, ^18.518 καλὼ καὶ μεγάλω σὺν τεύχεσιν, ὥς τε θεώ περ ^18.519 ἀμφὶς ἀριζήλω· λαοὶ δʼ ὑπολίζονες ἦσαν. ^18.520 οἳ δʼ ὅτε δή ῥʼ ἵκανον ὅθι σφίσιν εἶκε λοχῆσαι ^18.521 ἐν ποταμῷ, ὅθι τʼ ἀρδμὸς ἔην πάντεσσι βοτοῖσιν, ^18.522 ἔνθʼ ἄρα τοί γʼ ἵζοντʼ εἰλυμένοι αἴθοπι χαλκῷ. ^18.523 τοῖσι δʼ ἔπειτʼ ἀπάνευθε δύω σκοποὶ εἵατο λαῶν ^18.524 δέγμενοι ὁππότε μῆλα ἰδοίατο καὶ ἕλικας βοῦς. ^18.525 οἳ δὲ τάχα προγένοντο, δύω δʼ ἅμʼ ἕποντο νομῆες ^18.526 τερπόμενοι σύριγξι· δόλον δʼ οὔ τι προνόησαν. ^18.527 οἳ μὲν τὰ προϊδόντες ἐπέδραμον, ὦκα δʼ ἔπειτα ^18.528 τάμνοντʼ ἀμφὶ βοῶν ἀγέλας καὶ πώεα καλὰ ^18.529 ἀργεννέων οἰῶν, κτεῖνον δʼ ἐπὶ μηλοβοτῆρας. ^18.530 οἳ δʼ ὡς οὖν ἐπύθοντο πολὺν κέλαδον παρὰ βουσὶν ^18.531 εἰράων προπάροιθε καθήμενοι, αὐτίκʼ ἐφʼ ἵππων ^18.532 βάντες ἀερσιπόδων μετεκίαθον, αἶψα δʼ ἵκοντο. ^18.533 στησάμενοι δʼ ἐμάχοντο μάχην ποταμοῖο παρʼ ὄχθας, ^18.534 βάλλον δʼ ἀλλήλους χαλκήρεσιν ἐγχείῃσιν. ^18.535 ἐν δʼ Ἔρις ἐν δὲ Κυδοιμὸς ὁμίλεον, ἐν δʼ ὀλοὴ Κήρ, ^18.536 ἄλλον ζωὸν ἔχουσα νεούτατον, ἄλλον ἄουτον, ^18.537 ἄλλον τεθνηῶτα κατὰ μόθον ἕλκε ποδοῖιν· ^18.538 εἷμα δʼ ἔχʼ ἀμφʼ ὤμοισι δαφοινεὸν αἵματι φωτῶν. ^18.539 ὡμίλευν δʼ ὥς τε ζωοὶ βροτοὶ ἠδʼ ἐμάχοντο, ^18.540 νεκρούς τʼ ἀλλήλων ἔρυον κατατεθνηῶτας. ^18.541 ἐν δʼ ἐτίθει νειὸν μαλακὴν πίειραν ἄρουραν ^18.542 εὐρεῖαν τρίπολον· πολλοὶ δʼ ἀροτῆρες ἐν αὐτῇ ^18.543 ζεύγεα δινεύοντες ἐλάστρεον ἔνθα καὶ ἔνθα. ^18.544 οἳ δʼ ὁπότε στρέψαντες ἱκοίατο τέλσον ἀρούρης, ^18.545 τοῖσι δʼ ἔπειτʼ ἐν χερσὶ δέπας μελιηδέος οἴνου ^18.546 δόσκεν ἀνὴρ ἐπιών· τοὶ δὲ στρέψασκον ἀνʼ ὄγμους, ^18.547 ἱέμενοι νειοῖο βαθείης τέλσον ἱκέσθαι. ^18.548 ἣ δὲ μελαίνετʼ ὄπισθεν, ἀρηρομένῃ δὲ ἐῴκει, ^18.549 χρυσείη περ ἐοῦσα· τὸ δὴ περὶ θαῦμα τέτυκτο. ^18.550 ἐν δʼ ἐτίθει τέμενος βασιλήϊον· ἔνθα δʼ ἔριθοι ^18.551 ἤμων ὀξείας δρεπάνας ἐν χερσὶν ἔχοντες. ^18.552 δράγματα δʼ ἄλλα μετʼ ὄγμον ἐπήτριμα πῖπτον ἔραζε, ^18.553 ἄλλα δʼ ἀμαλλοδετῆρες ἐν ἐλλεδανοῖσι δέοντο. ^18.554 τρεῖς δʼ ἄρʼ ἀμαλλοδετῆρες ἐφέστασαν· αὐτὰρ ὄπισθε ^18.555 παῖδες δραγμεύοντες ἐν ἀγκαλίδεσσι φέροντες ^18.556 ἀσπερχὲς πάρεχον· βασιλεὺς δʼ ἐν τοῖσι σιωπῇ ^18.557 σκῆπτρον ἔχων ἑστήκει ἐπʼ ὄγμου γηθόσυνος κῆρ. ^18.558 κήρυκες δʼ ἀπάνευθεν ὑπὸ δρυῒ δαῖτα πένοντο, ^18.559 βοῦν δʼ ἱερεύσαντες μέγαν ἄμφεπον· αἳ δὲ γυναῖκες ^18.560 δεῖπνον ἐρίθοισιν λεύκʼ ἄλφιτα πολλὰ πάλυνον. ^18.561 ἐν δʼ ἐτίθει σταφυλῇσι μέγα βρίθουσαν ἀλωὴν ^18.562 καλὴν χρυσείην· μέλανες δʼ ἀνὰ βότρυες ἦσαν, ^18.563 ἑστήκει δὲ κάμαξι διαμπερὲς ἀργυρέῃσιν. ^18.564 ἀμφὶ δὲ κυανέην κάπετον, περὶ δʼ ἕρκος ἔλασσε ^18.565 κασσιτέρου· μία δʼ οἴη ἀταρπιτὸς ἦεν ἐπʼ αὐτήν, ^18.566 τῇ νίσοντο φορῆες ὅτε τρυγόῳεν ἀλωήν. ^18.567 παρθενικαὶ δὲ καὶ ἠΐθεοι ἀταλὰ φρονέοντες ^18.568 πλεκτοῖς ἐν ταλάροισι φέρον μελιηδέα καρπόν. ^18.569 τοῖσιν δʼ ἐν μέσσοισι πάϊς φόρμιγγι λιγείῃ ^18.570 ἱμερόεν κιθάριζε, λίνον δʼ ὑπὸ καλὸν ἄειδε ^18.571 λεπταλέῃ φωνῇ· τοὶ δὲ ῥήσσοντες ἁμαρτῇ ^18.572 μολπῇ τʼ ἰυγμῷ τε ποσὶ σκαίροντες ἕποντο. ^18.573 ἐν δʼ ἀγέλην ποίησε βοῶν ὀρθοκραιράων· ^18.574 αἳ δὲ βόες χρυσοῖο τετεύχατο κασσιτέρου τε, ^18.575 μυκηθμῷ δʼ ἀπὸ κόπρου ἐπεσσεύοντο νομὸν δὲ ^18.576 πὰρ ποταμὸν κελάδοντα, παρὰ ῥοδανὸν δονακῆα. ^18.577 χρύσειοι δὲ νομῆες ἅμʼ ἐστιχόωντο βόεσσι ^18.578 τέσσαρες, ἐννέα δέ σφι κύνες πόδας ἀργοὶ ἕποντο. ^18.579 σμερδαλέω δὲ λέοντε δύʼ ἐν πρώτῃσι βόεσσι ^18.580 ταῦρον ἐρύγμηλον ἐχέτην· ὃ δὲ μακρὰ μεμυκὼς ^18.581 ἕλκετο· τὸν δὲ κύνες μετεκίαθον ἠδʼ αἰζηοί. ^18.582 τὼ μὲν ἀναρρήξαντε βοὸς μεγάλοιο βοείην ^18.583 ἔγκατα καὶ μέλαν αἷμα λαφύσσετον· οἳ δὲ νομῆες ^18.584 αὔτως ἐνδίεσαν ταχέας κύνας ὀτρύνοντες. ^18.585 οἳ δʼ ἤτοι δακέειν μὲν ἀπετρωπῶντο λεόντων, ^18.586 ἱστάμενοι δὲ μάλʼ ἐγγὺς ὑλάκτεον ἔκ τʼ ἀλέοντο. ^18.587 ἐν δὲ νομὸν ποίησε περικλυτὸς ἀμφιγυήεις ^18.588 ἐν καλῇ βήσσῃ μέγαν οἰῶν ἀργεννάων, ^18.589 σταθμούς τε κλισίας τε κατηρεφέας ἰδὲ σηκούς. ^18.590 ἐν δὲ χορὸν ποίκιλλε περικλυτὸς ἀμφιγυήεις, ^18.591 τῷ ἴκελον οἷόν ποτʼ ἐνὶ Κνωσῷ εὐρείῃ ^18.592 Δαίδαλος ἤσκησεν καλλιπλοκάμῳ Ἀριάδνῃ. ^18.593 ἔνθα μὲν ἠΐθεοι καὶ παρθένοι ἀλφεσίβοιαι ^18.594 ὀρχεῦντʼ ἀλλήλων ἐπὶ καρπῷ χεῖρας ἔχοντες. ^18.595 τῶν δʼ αἳ μὲν λεπτὰς ὀθόνας ἔχον, οἳ δὲ χιτῶνας ^18.596 εἵατʼ ἐϋννήτους, ἦκα στίλβοντας ἐλαίῳ· ^18.597 καί ῥʼ αἳ μὲν καλὰς στεφάνας ἔχον, οἳ δὲ μαχαίρας ^18.598 εἶχον χρυσείας ἐξ ἀργυρέων τελαμώνων. ^18.599 οἳ δʼ ὁτὲ μὲν θρέξασκον ἐπισταμένοισι πόδεσσι ^18.600 ῥεῖα μάλʼ, ὡς ὅτε τις τροχὸν ἄρμενον ἐν παλάμῃσιν ^18.601 ἑζόμενος κεραμεὺς πειρήσεται, αἴ κε θέῃσιν· ^18.602 ἄλλοτε δʼ αὖ θρέξασκον ἐπὶ στίχας ἀλλήλοισι. ^18.603 πολλὸς δʼ ἱμερόεντα χορὸν περιίσταθʼ ὅμιλος ^18.604 τερπόμενοι· δοιὼ δὲ κυβιστητῆρε κατʼ αὐτοὺς ^18.605 μολπῆς ἐξάρχοντες ἐδίνευον κατὰ μέσσους. ^18.606 ἐν δʼ ἐτίθει ποταμοῖο μέγα σθένος Ὠκεανοῖο ^18.607 ἄντυγα πὰρ πυμάτην σάκεος πύκα ποιητοῖο. ^18.608 αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ δὴ τεῦξε σάκος μέγα τε στιβαρόν τε, ^19.13 πρόσθεν Ἀχιλλῆος· τὰ δʼ ἀνέβραχε δαίδαλα πάντα. ^19.16 ὡς εἶδʼ, ὥς μιν μᾶλλον ἔδυ χόλος, ἐν δέ οἱ ὄσσε ^19.17 δεινὸν ὑπὸ βλεφάρων ὡς εἰ σέλας ἐξεφάανθεν· ^19.18 τέρπετο δʼ ἐν χείρεσσιν ἔχων θεοῦ ἀγλαὰ δῶρα. ^19.19 αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ φρεσὶν ᾗσι τετάρπετο δαίδαλα λεύσσων' ' None

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2.494 and a voice unwearying, and though the heart within me were of bronze, did not the Muses of Olympus, daughters of Zeus that beareth the aegis, call to my mind all them that came beneath Ilios. Now will I tell the captains of the ships and the ships in their order.of the Boeotians Peneleos and Leïtus were captains, ^2.495 and Arcesilaus and Prothoënor and Clonius; these were they that dwelt in Hyria and rocky Aulis and Schoenus and Scolus and Eteonus with its many ridges, Thespeia, Graea, and spacious Mycalessus; and that dwelt about Harma and Eilesium and Erythrae; ^2.500 and that held Eleon and Hyle and Peteon, Ocalea and Medeon, the well-built citadel, Copae, Eutresis, and Thisbe, the haunt of doves; that dwelt in Coroneia and grassy Haliartus, and that held Plataea and dwelt in Glisas; ^2.505 that held lower Thebe, the well-built citadel, and holy Onchestus, the bright grove of Poseidon; and that held Arne, rich in vines, and Mideia and sacred Nisa and Anthedon on the seaboard. of these there came fifty ships, and on board of each ^2.510 /went young men of the Boeotians an hundred and twenty. ^2.514 went young men of the Boeotians an hundred and twenty. And they that dwelt in Aspledon and Orchomenus of the Minyae were led by Ascalaphus and Ialmenus, sons of Ares, whom, in the palace of Actor, son of Azeus, Astyoche, the honoured maiden, conceived of mighty Ares, when she had entered into her upper chamber; ^2.515 for he lay with her in secret. And with these were ranged thirty hollow ships.And of the Phocians Schedius and Epistrophus were captains, sons of great-souled Iphitus, son of Naubolus; these were they that held Cyparissus and rocky Pytho, ^2.520 and sacred Crisa and Daulis and Panopeus; and that dwelt about Anemoreia and Hyampolis, and that lived beside the goodly river Cephisus, and that held Lilaea by the springs of Cephisus. With these followed forty black ships. ^2.525 And their leaders busily marshalled the ranks of the Phocians, and made ready for battle hard by the Boeotians on the left.And the Loerians had as leader the swift son of Oïleus, Aias the less, in no wise as great as Telamonian Aias, but far less. Small of stature was he, with corselet of linen, ^2.530 /but with the spear he far excelled the whole host of Hellenes and Achaeans. These were they that dwelt in Cynus and Opus and Calliarus and Bessa and Scarphe and lovely Augeiae and Tarphe and Thronium about the streams of Boagrius. With Aias followed forty black ships of ^2.535 the Locrians that dwell over against sacred Euboea.And the Abantes, breathing fury, that held Euboea and Chalcis and Eretria and Histiaea, rich in vines, and Cerinthus, hard by the sea, and the steep citadel of Dios; and that held Carystus and dwelt in Styra,— ^2.540 all these again had as leader Elephenor, scion of Ares, him that was son of Chalcodon and captain of the great-souled Abantes. And with him followed the swift Abantes, with hair long at the back, spearmen eager with outstretched ashen spears to rend the corselets about the breasts of the foemen. ^2.545 /And with him there followed forty black ships. ^2.549 And with him there followed forty black ships. And they that held Athens, the well-built citadel, the land of great-hearted Erechtheus, whom of old Athene, daughter of Zeus, fostered, when the earth, the giver of grain, had borne him; and she made him to dwell in Athens, in her own rich sanctuary, ^2.550 and there the youths of the Athenians, as the years roll on in their courses, seek to win his favour with sacrifices of bulls and rams;—these again had as leader Menestheus, son of Peteos. Like unto him was none other man upon the face of the earth for the marshalling of chariots and of warriors that bear the shield. ^2.555 Only Nestor could vie with him, for he was the elder. And with him there followed fifty black ships.And Aias led from Salamis twelve ships, and stationed them where the battalions of the Athenians stood.And they that held Argos and Tiryns, famed for its walls, ^2.560 and Hermione and Asine, that enfold the deep gulf, Troezen and Eïonae and vine-clad Epidaurus, and the youths of the Achaeans that held Aegina and Mases,—these again had as leaders Diomedes, good at the war-cry, and Sthenelus, dear son of glorious Capaneus. ^2.565 And with them came a third, Euryalus, a godlike warrior, son of king Mecisteus, son of Talaus; but leader over them all was Diomedes, good at the war-cry. And with these there followed eighty black ships.And they that held Mycenae, the well-built citadel, ^2.570 and wealthy Corinth, and well-built Cleonae, and dwelt in Orneiae and lovely Araethyrea and Sicyon, wherein at the first Adrastus was king; and they that held Hyperesia and steep Gonoessa and Pellene, ^2.575 and that dwelt about Aegium and throughout all Aegialus, and about broad Helice,—of these was the son of Atreus, lord Agamemnon, captain, with an hundred ships. With him followed most people by far and goodliest; and among them he himself did on his gleaming bronze, a king all-glorious, and was pre-eminent among all the warriors, ^2.580 for that he was noblest, and led a people far the most in number. ^2.584 for that he was noblest, and led a people far the most in number. And they that held the hollow land of Lacedaemon with its many ravines, and Pharis and Sparta and Messe, the haunt of doves, and that dwelt in Bryseiae and lovely Augeiae, and that held Amyclae and Helus, a citadel hard by the sea, ' "^2.585 and that held Laas, and dwelt about Oetylus,—these were led by Agamemnon's brother, even Menelaus, good at the war-cry, with sixty ships; and they were marshalled apart. And himself he moved among them, confident in his zeal, urging his men to battle; and above all others was his heart fain " "^2.590 to get him requital for his strivings and groanings for Helen's sake.And they that dwelt in Pylos and lovely Arene and Thryum, the ford of Alpheius, and fair-founded Aepy, and that had their abodes in Cyparisseïs and Amphigeneia and Pteleos and Helus and Dorium, " "^2.594 to get him requital for his strivings and groanings for Helen's sake.And they that dwelt in Pylos and lovely Arene and Thryum, the ford of Alpheius, and fair-founded Aepy, and that had their abodes in Cyparisseïs and Amphigeneia and Pteleos and Helus and Dorium, " '^2.595 where the Muses met Thamyris the Thracian and made an end of his singing, even as he was journeying from Oechalia, from the house of Eurytus the Oechalian: for he vaunted with boasting that he would conquer, were the Muses themselves to sing against him, the daughters of Zeus that beareth the aegis; but they in their wrath maimed him, ^2.600 and took from him his wondrous song, and made him forget his minstrelsy;—all these folk again had as leader the horseman, Nestor of Gerenia. And with him were ranged ninety hollow ships.And they that held Arcadia beneath the steep mountain of Cyllene, beside the tomb of Aepytus, where are warriors that fight in close combat; ^2.605 and they that dwelt in Pheneos and Orchomenus, rich in flocks, and Rhipe and Stratia and wind-swept Enispe; and that held Tegea and lovely Mantineia; and that held Stymphalus and dwelt in Parrhasia, —all these were led by the son of Ancaeus, Lord Agapenor, ^2.610 with sixty ships; and on each ship embarked full many Arcadian warriors well-skilled in fight. For of himself had the king of men, Agamemnon, given them benched ships wherewith to cross over the wine-dark sea, even the son of Atreus, for with matters of seafaring had they naught to do. ^2.615 And they that dwelt in Buprasium and goodly Elis, all that part thereof that Hyrmine and Myrsinus on the seaboard and the rock of Olen and Alesium enclose between them—these again had four leaders, and ten swift ships followed each one, and many Epeians embarked thereon. ^2.619 And they that dwelt in Buprasium and goodly Elis, all that part thereof that Hyrmine and Myrsinus on the seaboard and the rock of Olen and Alesium enclose between them—these again had four leaders, and ten swift ships followed each one, and many Epeians embarked thereon. ' "^2.620 of these some were led by Amphimachus and Thalpius, of the blood of Actor, sons, the one of Cteatus and the other of Eurytus; and of some was the son of Amarynceus captain, even mighty Diores; and of the fourth company godlike Polyxeinus was captain, son of king Agasthenes, Augeias' son. " "^2.624 of these some were led by Amphimachus and Thalpius, of the blood of Actor, sons, the one of Cteatus and the other of Eurytus; and of some was the son of Amarynceus captain, even mighty Diores; and of the fourth company godlike Polyxeinus was captain, son of king Agasthenes, Augeias' son. " '^2.625 And those from Dulichiuni and the Echinae, the holy isles, that lie across the sea, over against Elis, these again had as leader Meges, the peer of Ares, even the son of Phyleus, whom the horseman Phyleus, dear to Zeus, begat—he that of old had gone to dwell in Dulichium in wrath against his father. ^2.630 And with Meges there followed forty black ships.And Odysseus led the great-souled Cephallenians that held Ithaca and Neritum, covered with waving forests, and that dwelt in Crocyleia and rugged Aegilips; and them that held Zacynthus, and that dwelt about Samos, ^2.634 And with Meges there followed forty black ships.And Odysseus led the great-souled Cephallenians that held Ithaca and Neritum, covered with waving forests, and that dwelt in Crocyleia and rugged Aegilips; and them that held Zacynthus, and that dwelt about Samos, ' "^2.635 and held the mainland and dwelt on the shores over against the isles. of these was Odysseus captain, the peer of Zeus in counsel. And with him there followed twelve ships with vermilion prows.And the Aetolians were led by Thoas, Andraemon's son, even they that dwelt in Pleuron and Olenus and Pylene and Chalcis, hard by the sea, and rocky Calydon. For the sons of great-hearted Oeneus were no more, neither did he himself still live, and fair-haired Meleager was dead, to whom had commands been given that he should bear full sway among the Aetolians. And with Thoas there followed forty black ships. " "^2.639 and held the mainland and dwelt on the shores over against the isles. of these was Odysseus captain, the peer of Zeus in counsel. And with him there followed twelve ships with vermilion prows.And the Aetolians were led by Thoas, Andraemon's son, even they that dwelt in Pleuron and Olenus and Pylene and Chalcis, hard by the sea, and rocky Calydon. For the sons of great-hearted Oeneus were no more, neither did he himself still live, and fair-haired Meleager was dead, to whom had commands been given that he should bear full sway among the Aetolians. And with Thoas there followed forty black ships. " ^2.645 And the Cretans had as leader Idomeneus, famed for his spear, even they that held Cnosus and Gortys, famed for its walls, Lyctus and Miletus and Lycastus, white with chalk, and Phaestus and Rhytium, well-peopled cities; and all they beside that dwelt in Crete of the hundred cities. ^2.650 of all these was Idomeneus, famed for his spear, captain, and Meriones, the peer of Enyalius, slayer of men. And with these there followed eighty black ships. ^2.654 of all these was Idomeneus, famed for his spear, captain, and Meriones, the peer of Enyalius, slayer of men. And with these there followed eighty black ships. And Tlepolemus, son of Heracles, a valiant man and tall, led from Rhodes nine ships of the lordly Rhodians, ^2.655 that dwelt in Rhodes sundered in three divisions—in Lindos and Ialysus and Cameirus, white with chalk. These were led by Tlepolemus, famed for his spear, he that was born to mighty Heracles by Astyocheia, whom he had led forth out of Ephyre from the river Selleïs, ^2.659 that dwelt in Rhodes sundered in three divisions—in Lindos and Ialysus and Cameirus, white with chalk. These were led by Tlepolemus, famed for his spear, he that was born to mighty Heracles by Astyocheia, whom he had led forth out of Ephyre from the river Selleïs, ' "^2.660 when he had laid waste many cities of warriors fostered of Zeus. But when Tlepolemus had grown to manhood in the well-fenced palace, forthwith he slew his own father's dear uncle, Licymnius, scion of Ares, who was then waxing old. So he straightway built him ships, and when he had gathered together much people, " "^2.664 when he had laid waste many cities of warriors fostered of Zeus. But when Tlepolemus had grown to manhood in the well-fenced palace, forthwith he slew his own father's dear uncle, Licymnius, scion of Ares, who was then waxing old. So he straightway built him ships, and when he had gathered together much people, " '^2.665 went forth in flight over the sea, for that the other sons and grandsons of mighty Heracles threatened him. But he came to Rhodes in his wanderings, suffering woes, and there his people settled in three divisions by tribes, and were loved of Zeus that is king among gods and men; ^2.670 and upon them was wondrous wealth poured by the son of Cronos.Moreover Nireus led three shapely ships from Syme, Nireus that was son of Aglaïa and Charops the king, Nireus the comeliest man that came beneath Ilios of all the Danaans after the fearless son of Peleus. ^2.675 Howbeit he was a weakling, and but few people followed with him.And they that held Nisyrus and Crapathus and Casus and Cos, the city of Eurypylus, and the Calydnian isles, these again were led by Pheidippus and Antiphus, the two sons of king Thessalus, son of Heracles. ^2.680 And with them were ranged thirty hollow ships.Now all those again that inhabited Pelasgian Argos, and dwelt in Alos and Alope and Trachis, and that held Phthia and Hellas, the land of fair women, and were called Myrmidons and Hellenes and Achaeans— ^2.685 of the fifty ships of these men was Achilles captain. Howbeit they bethought them not of dolorous war, since there was no man to lead them forth into the ranks. For he lay in idleness among the ships, the swift-footed, goodly Achilles, in wrath because of the fair-haired girl Briseïs, ^2.689 of the fifty ships of these men was Achilles captain. Howbeit they bethought them not of dolorous war, since there was no man to lead them forth into the ranks. For he lay in idleness among the ships, the swift-footed, goodly Achilles, in wrath because of the fair-haired girl Briseïs, ' "^2.690 whom he had taken out of Lyrnessus after sore toil, when he wasted Lyrnessus and the walls of Thebe, and laid low Mynes and Epistrophus, warriors that raged with the spear, sons of king Evenus, Selepus' son. In sore grief for her lay Achilles idle; but soon was he to arise again. " "^2.694 whom he had taken out of Lyrnessus after sore toil, when he wasted Lyrnessus and the walls of Thebe, and laid low Mynes and Epistrophus, warriors that raged with the spear, sons of king Evenus, Selepus' son. In sore grief for her lay Achilles idle; but soon was he to arise again. " '^2.695 And they that held Phylace and flowery Pyrasus, the sanctuary of Demeter, and Iton, mother of flocks, and Antron, hard by the sea, and Pteleos, couched in grass, these again had as leader warlike Protesilaus, while yet he lived; howbeit ere now the black earth held him fast. ^2.700 His wife, her two cheeks torn in wailing, was left in Phylace and his house but half established, while, for himself, a Dardanian warrior slew him as he leapt forth from his ship by far the first of the Achaeans. Yet neither were his men leaderless, though they longed for their leader; for Podarces, scion of Ares, marshalled them, ^2.704 His wife, her two cheeks torn in wailing, was left in Phylace and his house but half established, while, for himself, a Dardanian warrior slew him as he leapt forth from his ship by far the first of the Achaeans. Yet neither were his men leaderless, though they longed for their leader; for Podarces, scion of Ares, marshalled them, ' "^2.705 he that was son of Phylacus' son, Iphiclus, rich in flocks, own brother to great-souled Protesilaus, and younger-born; but the other was the elder and the better man, even the warrior, valiant Protesilaus. So the host in no wise lacked a leader, though they longed for the noble man they had lost. " "^2.709 he that was son of Phylacus' son, Iphiclus, rich in flocks, own brother to great-souled Protesilaus, and younger-born; but the other was the elder and the better man, even the warrior, valiant Protesilaus. So the host in no wise lacked a leader, though they longed for the noble man they had lost. " '^2.710 And with him there followed forty black ships.And they that dwelt in Pherae beside the lake Boebeïs, and in Boebe, and Glaphyrae, and well-built Iolcus, these were led by the dear son of Admetus with eleven ships, even by Eumelus, whom Alcestis, queenly among women, bare to Admetus, ^2.715 even she, the comeliest of the daughters of Pelias.And they that dwelt in Methone and Thaumacia, and that held Meliboea and rugged Olizon, these with their seven ships were led by Philoctetes, well-skilled in archery, ^2.720 and on each ship embarked fifty oarsmen well skilled to fight amain with the bow. But Philoctetes lay suffering grievous pains in an island, even in sacred Lemnos, where the sons of the Achaeans had left him in anguish with an evil wound from a deadly water-snake. There he lay suffering; ^2.720 yet full soon were the Argives beside their ships to bethink them of king Philoctetes. Howbeit neither were these men leaderless, though they longed for their leader; but Medon marshalled them, the bastard son of Oïleus, whom Rhene bare to Oïleus, sacker of cities.And they that held Tricca and Ithome of the crags, ^2.730 and Oechalia, city of Oechalian Eurytus, these again were led by the two sons of Asclepius, the skilled leeches Podaleirius and Machaon. And with these were ranged thirty hollow ships. ^2.734 and Oechalia, city of Oechalian Eurytus, these again were led by the two sons of Asclepius, the skilled leeches Podaleirius and Machaon. And with these were ranged thirty hollow ships. And they that held Ormenius and the fountain Hypereia, ^2.735 and that held Asterium and the white crests of Titanus, these were led by Eurypylus, the glorious son of Euaemon. And with him there followed forty black ships.And they that held Argissa, and dwelt in Gyrtone, Orthe, and Elone, and the white city of Oloösson, ^2.740 these again had as leader Polypoetes, staunch in fight, son of Peirithous, whom immortal Zeus begat— even him whom glorious Hippodameia conceived to Peirithous on the day when he got him vengeance on the shaggy centaurs, and thrust them forth from Pelium, and drave them to the Aethices. ^2.744 these again had as leader Polypoetes, staunch in fight, son of Peirithous, whom immortal Zeus begat— even him whom glorious Hippodameia conceived to Peirithous on the day when he got him vengeance on the shaggy centaurs, and thrust them forth from Pelium, and drave them to the Aethices. ' "^2.745 Not alone was he, but with him was Leonteus, scion of Ares, the son of Caenus' son, Coronus, high of heart. And with them there followed forty black ships.And Gouneus led from Cyphus two and twenty ships, and with him followed the Enienes and the Peraebi, staunch in fight, " "^2.749 Not alone was he, but with him was Leonteus, scion of Ares, the son of Caenus' son, Coronus, high of heart. And with them there followed forty black ships.And Gouneus led from Cyphus two and twenty ships, and with him followed the Enienes and the Peraebi, staunch in fight, " '^2.750 that had set their dwellings about wintry Dodona, and dwelt in the ploughland about lovely Titaressus, that poureth his fair-flowing streams into Peneius; yet doth he not mingle with the silver eddies of Peneius, but floweth on over his waters like unto olive oil; ^2.755 for that he is a branch of the water of Styx, the dread river of oath.And the Magnetes had as captain Prothous, son of Tenthredon. These were they that dwelt about Peneius and Pelion, covered with waving forests. of these was swift Prothous captain; and with him there followed forty black ships. ^3.125 She found Helen in the hall, where she was weaving a great purple web of double fold, and thereon was broidering many battles of the horse-taming Trojans and the brazen-coated Achaeans, that for her sake they had endured at the hands of Ares. Close to her side then came Iris, swift of foot, and spake to her, saying: ^3.227 And, thirdly, the old man saw Aias, and asked:Who then is this other Achaean warrior, valiant and tall, towering above the Argives with his head and broad shoulders? And to him made answer long-robed Helen, fair among women:This is huge Aias, bulwark of the Achaeans. ^5.725 and thereover are tires of bronze fitted, a marvel to behold; and the naves are of silver, revolving on this side and on that; and the body is plaited tight with gold and silver thongs, and two rims there are that run about it. From the body stood forth the pole of silver, and on the end ^6.289 then might I deem that my heart had forgotten its woe. So spake he, and she went to the hall and called to her handmaidens; and they gathered together the aged wives throughout the city. But the queen herself went down to the vaulted treasurechamber wherein were her robes, richly broidered, the handiwork of Sidonian women, ^11.36 gleaming white, and in the midst of them was one of dark cyanus. And thereon was set as a crown the Gorgon, grim of aspect, glaring terribly, and about her were Terror and Rout. From the shield was hung a baldric of silver, and thereon writhed a serpent of cyanus, that had ^11.40 three heads turned this way and that, growing forth from one neck. And upon his head he set his helmet with two horns and with bosses four, with horsehair crest, and terribly did the plume nod from above. And he took two mighty spears, tipped with bronze; keen they were, and far from him into heaven shone the bronze; ^18.372 imperishable, decked with stars, preeminent among the houses of immortals, wrought all of bronze, that the crook-foot god himself had built him. Him she found sweating with toil as he moved to and fro about his bellows in eager haste; for he was fashioning tripods, twenty in all, to stand around the wall of his well-builded hall, ^18.375 and golden wheels had he set beneath the base of each that of themselves they might enter the gathering of the gods at his wish and again return to his house, a wonder to behold. Thus much were they fully wrought, that not yet were the cunningly fashioned ears set thereon; these was he making ready, and was forging the rivets. ^18.377 and golden wheels had he set beneath the base of each that of themselves they might enter the gathering of the gods at his wish and again return to his house, a wonder to behold. Thus much were they fully wrought, that not yet were the cunningly fashioned ears set thereon; these was he making ready, and was forging the rivets. ' "^18.400 With them then for nine years' space I forged much cunning handiwork, brooches, and spiral arm-bands, and rosettes and necklaces, within their hollow cave; and round about me flowed, murmuring with foam, the stream of Oceanus, a flood unspeakable. Neither did any other know thereof, either of gods or of mortal men, " ^18.425 an honoured guest and a welcome? Heretofore thou hast not been wont to come. Speak what is in thy mind; my heart bids me fulfill it, if fulfill it I can, and it is a thing that hath fulfillment. ^18.429 an honoured guest and a welcome? Heretofore thou hast not been wont to come. Speak what is in thy mind; my heart bids me fulfill it, if fulfill it I can, and it is a thing that hath fulfillment. And Thetis made answer to him, shedding tears the while:Hephaestus, is there now any goddess, of all those that are in Olympus, ^18.430 that hath endured so many grievous woes in her heart as are the sorrows that Zeus, son of Cronos, hath given me beyond all others? of all the daughters of the sea he subdued me alone to a mortal, even to Peleus, son of Aeacus, and I endured the bed of a mortal albeit sore against my will. And lo, he lieth ^18.435 in his halls fordone with grievous old age, but now other griefs are mine. A son he gave me to bear and to rear, pre-eminent among warriors, and he shot up like a sapling; then when I had reared him as a tree in a rich orchard plot, I sent him forth in the beaked ships to Ilios ^18.440 to war with the Trojans; but never again shall I welcome him back to his home, to the house of Peleus. And while yet he liveth, and beholdeth the light of the sun, he hath sorrow, nor can I any wise help him, though I go to him. The girl that the sons of the Achaeans chose out for him as a prize, ^18.445 her hath the lord Agamemnon taken back from out his arms. Verily in grief for her was he wasting his heart; but the Achaeans were the Trojans penning at the sterns of the ships, and would not suffer them to go forth. And to him the elders of the Argives made prayer, and named many glorious gifts. ^18.450 Then albeit he refused himself to ward from them ruin, yet clad he Patroclus in his own armour and sent him into the war, and added therewithal much people. All day long they fought around the Scaean gates, and on that selfsame day had laid the city waste, but that, ^18.455 after the valiant son of Menoetius had wrought sore harm, Apollo slew him amid the foremost fighters and gave glory to Hector. Therefore am I now come to thy knees, if so be thou wilt be minded to give my son, that is doomed to a speedy death, shield and helmet, and goodly greaves fitted with ankle-pieces, ^18.460 and corselet. For the harness that was his aforetime his trusty comrade lost, when he was slain by the Trojans; and my son lieth on the ground in anguish of heart. ^18.464 and corselet. For the harness that was his aforetime his trusty comrade lost, when he was slain by the Trojans; and my son lieth on the ground in anguish of heart. Then the famous god of the two strong arms answered her:Be of good cheer, neither let these things distress thy heart. Would that I might so surely avail to hide him afar from dolorous death, ^18.465 when dread fate cometh upon him, as verily goodly armour shall be his, such that in aftertime many a one among the multitude of men shall marvel, whosoever shall behold it. So saying he left her there and went unto his bellows, and he turned these toward the fire and bade them work. ^18.470 And the bellows, twenty in all, blew upon the melting-vats, sending forth a ready blast of every force, now to further him as he laboured hard, and again in whatsoever way Hephaestus might wish and his work go on. And on the fire he put stubborn bronze and tin ^18.475 and precious gold and silver; and thereafter he set on the anvil-block a great anvil, and took in one hand a massive hammer, and in the other took he the tongs.First fashioned he a shield, great and sturdy, adorning it cunningly in every part, and round about it set a bright rim, ^18.480 threefold and glittering, and therefrom made fast a silver baldric. Five were the layers of the shield itself; and on it he wrought many curious devices with cunning skill.Therein he wrought the earth, therein the heavens therein the sea, and the unwearied sun, and the moon at the full, ^18.485 and therein all the constellations wherewith heaven is crowned—the Pleiades, and the Hyades and the mighty Orion, and the Bear, that men call also the Wain, that circleth ever in her place, and watcheth Orion, and alone hath no part in the baths of Ocean. ^18.490 Therein fashioned he also two cities of mortal men exceeding fair. In the one there were marriages and feastings, and by the light of the blazing torches they were leading the brides from their bowers through the city, and loud rose the bridal song. And young men were whirling in the dance, and in their midst ^18.495 flutes and lyres sounded continually; and there the women stood each before her door and marvelled. But the folk were gathered in the place of assembly; for there a strife had arisen, and two men were striving about the blood-price of a man slain; the one avowed that he had paid all, ^18.500 declaring his cause to the people, but the other refused to accept aught; and each was fain to win the issue on the word of a daysman. Moreover, the folk were cheering both, shewing favour to this side and to that. And heralds held back the folk, and the elders were sitting upon polished stones in the sacred circle, ^18.505 holding in their hands the staves of the loud-voiced heralds. Therewith then would they spring up and give judgment, each in turn. And in the midst lay two talents of gold, to be given to him whoso among them should utter the most righteous judgment.But around the other city lay in leaguer two hosts of warriors ^18.510 gleaming in armour. And twofold plans found favour with them, either to lay waste the town or to divide in portions twain all the substance that the lovely city contained within. Howbeit the besieged would nowise hearken thereto, but were arming to meet the foe in an ambush. The wall were their dear wives and little children guarding, ^18.515 as they stood thereon, and therewithal the men that were holden of old age; but the rest were faring forth, led of Ares and Pallas Athene, both fashioned in gold, and of gold was the raiment wherewith they were clad. Goodly were they and tall in their harness, as beseemeth gods, clear to view amid the rest, and the folk at their feet were smaller. ^18.520 But when they were come to the place where it seemed good unto them to set their ambush, in a river-bed where was a watering-place for all herds alike, there they sate them down, clothed about with flaming bronze. Thereafter were two scouts set by them apart from the host, waiting till they should have sight of the sheep and sleek cattle. ^18.525 And these came presently, and two herdsmen followed with them playing upon pipes; and of the guile wist they not at all. ^18.529 And these came presently, and two herdsmen followed with them playing upon pipes; and of the guile wist they not at all. But the liers-in-wait, when they saw these coming on, rushed forth against them and speedily cut off the herds of cattle and fair flocks of white-fleeced sheep, and slew the herdsmen withal. ^18.530 But the besiegers, as they sat before the places of gathering and heard much tumult among the kine, mounted forthwith behind their high-stepping horses, and set out thitherward, and speedily came upon them. Then set they their battle in array and fought beside the river banks, and were ever smiting one another with bronze-tipped spears. ^18.535 And amid them Strife and Tumult joined in the fray, and deadly Fate, grasping one man alive, fresh-wounded, another without a wound, and another she dragged dead through the mellay by the feet; and the raiment that she had about her shoulders was red with the blood of men. Even as living mortals joined they in the fray and fought; ^18.539 And amid them Strife and Tumult joined in the fray, and deadly Fate, grasping one man alive, fresh-wounded, another without a wound, and another she dragged dead through the mellay by the feet; and the raiment that she had about her shoulders was red with the blood of men. Even as living mortals joined they in the fray and fought; ' "^18.540 and they were haling away each the bodies of the others' slain.Therein he set also soft fallow-land, rich tilth and wide, that was three times ploughed; and ploughers full many therein were wheeling their yokes and driving them this way and that. And whensoever after turning they came to the headland of the field, " "^18.544 and they were haling away each the bodies of the others' slain.Therein he set also soft fallow-land, rich tilth and wide, that was three times ploughed; and ploughers full many therein were wheeling their yokes and driving them this way and that. And whensoever after turning they came to the headland of the field, " '^18.545 then would a man come forth to each and give into his hands a cup of honey-sweet wine; and the ploughmen would turn them in the furrows, eager to reach the headland of the deep tilth. And the field grew black behind and seemed verily as it had been ploughed, for all that it was of gold; herein was the great marvel of the work. ^18.549 then would a man come forth to each and give into his hands a cup of honey-sweet wine; and the ploughmen would turn them in the furrows, eager to reach the headland of the deep tilth. And the field grew black behind and seemed verily as it had been ploughed, for all that it was of gold; herein was the great marvel of the work. ' "^18.550 Therein he set also a king's demesne-land, wherein labourers were reaping, bearing sharp sickles in their hands. Some handfuls were falling in rows to the ground along the swathe, while others the binders of sheaves were binding with twisted ropes of straw. Three binders stood hard by them, while behind them " "^18.554 Therein he set also a king's demesne-land, wherein labourers were reaping, bearing sharp sickles in their hands. Some handfuls were falling in rows to the ground along the swathe, while others the binders of sheaves were binding with twisted ropes of straw. Three binders stood hard by them, while behind them " '^18.555 boys would gather the handfuls, and bearing them in their arms would busily give them to the binders; and among them the king, staff in hand, was standing in silence at the swathe, joying in his heart. And heralds apart beneath an oak were making ready a feast, and were dressing a great ox they had slain for sacrifice; and the women ^18.559 boys would gather the handfuls, and bearing them in their arms would busily give them to the binders; and among them the king, staff in hand, was standing in silence at the swathe, joying in his heart. And heralds apart beneath an oak were making ready a feast, and were dressing a great ox they had slain for sacrifice; and the women ' "^18.560 prinkled the flesh with white barley in abundance, for the workers' mid-day meal. " "^18.564 prinkled the flesh with white barley in abundance, for the workers' mid-day meal. Therein he set also a vineyard heavily laden with clusters, a vineyard fair and wrought of gold; black were the grapes, and the vines were set up throughout on silver poles. And around it he drave a trench of cyanus, and about that a fence of tin; " '^18.565 and one single path led thereto, whereby the vintagers went and came, whensoever they gathered the vintage. And maidens and youths in childish glee were bearing the honey-sweet fruit in wicker baskets. And in their midst a boy made pleasant music with a clear-toned lyre, ^18.570 and thereto sang sweetly the Linos-song with his delicate voice; and his fellows beating the earth in unison therewith followed on with bounding feet mid dance and shoutings.And therein he wrought a herd of straight-horned kine: the kine were fashioned of gold and tin, ^18.575 and with lowing hasted they forth from byre to pasture beside the sounding river, beside the waving reed. And golden were the herdsmen that walked beside the kine, four in number, and nine dogs swift of foot followed after them. But two dread lions amid the foremost kine ^18.580 were holding a loud-lowing bull, and he, bellowing mightily, was haled of them, while after him pursued the dogs and young men. The lions twain had rent the hide of the great bull, and were devouring the inward parts and the black blood, while the herdsmen vainly sought to fright them, tarring on the swift hounds. ^18.585 Howbeit these shrank from fastening on the lions, but stood hard by and barked and sprang aside.Therein also the famed god of the two strong arms wrought a pasture in a fair dell, a great pasture of white-fleeced sheep, and folds, and roofed huts, and pens. ^18.590 Therein furthermore the famed god of the two strong arms cunningly wrought a dancing-floor like unto that which in wide Cnosus Daedalus fashioned of old for fair-tressed Ariadne. There were youths dancing and maidens of the price of many cattle, holding their hands upon the wrists one of the other. ^18.595 of these the maidens were clad in fine linen, while the youths wore well-woven tunics faintly glistening with oil; and the maidens had fair chaplets, and the youths had daggers of gold hanging from silver baldrics. Now would they run round with cunning feet ^18.600 exceeding lightly, as when a potter sitteth by his wheel that is fitted between his hands and maketh trial of it whether it will run; and now again would they run in rows toward each other. And a great company stood around the lovely dance, taking joy therein; ^18.605 and two tumblers whirled up and down through the midst of them as leaders in the dance.Therein he set also the great might of the river Oceanus, around the uttermost rim of the strongly-wrought shield.But when he had wrought the shield, great and sturdy, ^19.13 But receive thou from Hephaestus glorious armour, exceeding fair, such as never yet a man bare upon his shoulders. So saying the goddess set down the arms in front of Achilles, and they all rang aloud in their splendour. Then trembling seized all the Myrmidons, ^19.16 neither dared any man to look thereon, but they shrank in fear. Howbeit, when Achilles saw the arms, then came wrath upon him yet the more, and his eyes blazed forth in terrible wise from beneath their lids, as it had been flame; and he was glad as he held in his arms the glorious gifts of the god. But when in his soul he had taken delight in gazing on the glory of them, ^19.19 neither dared any man to look thereon, but they shrank in fear. Howbeit, when Achilles saw the arms, then came wrath upon him yet the more, and his eyes blazed forth in terrible wise from beneath their lids, as it had been flame; and he was glad as he held in his arms the glorious gifts of the god. But when in his soul he had taken delight in gazing on the glory of them, ' ' None

5. None, None, nan (8th cent. BCE - 7th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Juno (Hera),, ekphrasis linked to temple of • ecphrasis • ecphrasis, Dionysiaca • ekphrasis • ekphrasis,, “performative ekphrasis,” • ekphrasis/ecphrasis • epic, ecphrasis • gaze, in ekphrasis • performative ekphrasis • weaving, ekphrasis and

Found in books: Burton (2009), Dionysus and Rome: Religion and Literature, 40; Edmondson (2008), Roman Dress and the Fabrics of Roman Culture, 216; Elsner (2007), Roman Eyes: Visuality and Subjectivity in Art and Text, 80; Goldhill (2020), Preposterous Poetics: The Politics and Aesthetics of Form in Late Antiquity, 124; Johnson (2008), Ovid before Exile: Art and Punishment in the Metamorphoses, 82, 130; Maciver (2012), Quintus Smyrnaeus' Posthomerica: Engaging Homer in Late Antiquity, 51; Rutledge (2012), Ancient Rome as a Museum: Power, Identity, and the Culture of Collecting, 112; Rutter and Sparkes (2012), Word and Image in Ancient Greece, 152; Skempis and Ziogas (2014), Geography, Topography, Landscape: Configurations of Space in Greek and Roman Epic 88

6. Euripides, Ion, 184-218, 1141-1145 (5th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • ecphrasis • ekphrasis

Found in books: Chaniotis (2021), Unveiling Emotions III: Arousal, Display, and Performance of Emotions in the Greek World, 357, 358, 359, 360, 361, 362; Edmondson (2008), Roman Dress and the Fabrics of Roman Culture, 209; Lightfoot (2021), Wonder and the Marvellous from Homer to the Hellenistic World, 133, 134

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184 — οὐκ ἐν ταῖς ζαθέαις ̓Αθά- ¹⁸⁵ ναις εὐκίονες ἦσαν αὐ-' "¹⁸⁶ λαὶ θεῶν μόνον, οὐδ' ἀγυι-" '¹⁸⁷ άτιδες θεραπεῖαι: ¹⁸⁸ ἀλλὰ καὶ παρὰ Λοξίᾳ ¹⁸⁹ τῷ Λατοῦς διδύμων προσώ- ¹⁹⁰ πων καλλιβλέφαρον φῶς.' "¹⁹⁰ — ἰδοὺ τάνδ', ἄθρησον," '¹⁹¹ Λερναῖον ὕδραν ἐναίρει ¹⁹² χρυσέαις ἅρπαις ὁ Διὸς παῖς:' "¹⁹³ φίλα, πρόσιδ' ὄσσοις." '¹⁹⁴ — ὁρῶ. καὶ πέλας ἄλλος αὐ- ¹⁹⁵ τοῦ πανὸν πυρίφλεκτον αἴ-' "¹⁹⁶ ρει τις — ἆρ' ὃς ἐμαῖσι μυ-" '¹⁹⁷ θεύεται παρὰ πήναις, ¹⁹⁸ ἀσπιστὰς ̓Ιόλαος, ὃς ¹⁹⁹ κοινοὺς αἰρόμενος πόνους ²⁰⁰ Δίῳ παιδὶ συναντλεῖ;' "²⁰¹ — καὶ μὰν τόνδ' ἄθρησον" '²⁰² πτεροῦντος ἔφεδρον ἵππου: ²⁰³ τὰν πῦρ πνέουσαν ἐναίρει ²⁰⁴ τρισώματον ἀλκάν. ²⁰⁵ — πάντᾳ τοι βλέφαρον διώ- ²⁰⁶ κω. σκέψαι κλόνον ἐν τείχες- ²⁰⁷ σι λαί̈νοισι Γιγάντων. ²⁰⁸ — ὦ φίλαι, ὧδε δερκόμεσθα.' "²⁰⁹ — λεύσσεις οὖν ἐπ' ̓Εγκελάδῳ" '²¹⁰ γοργωπὸν πάλλουσαν ἴτυν —' "²¹¹ — λεύσσω Παλλάδ', ἐμὰν θεόν." '²¹² — τί γάρ; κεραυνὸν ἀμφίπυρον ²¹³ ὄβριμον ἐν Διὸς ²¹⁴ ἑκηβόλοισι χερσίν; ²¹⁵ — ὁρῶ: τὸν δάϊον ²¹⁶ Μίμαντα πυρὶ καταιθαλοῖ. ²¹⁷ — καὶ Βρόμιος ἄλλον ἀπολέμοι- ²¹⁸ ἐναίρει Γᾶς τέκνων ὁ Βακχεύς.' "¹¹⁴¹ λαβὼν δ' ὑφάσμαθ' ἱερὰ θησαυρῶν πάρα"¹¹⁴² κατεσκίαζε, θαύματ' ἀνθρώποις ὁρᾶν." '¹¹⁴³ πρῶτον μὲν ὀρόφῳ πτέρυγα περιβάλλει πέπλων, ¹¹⁴⁴ ἀνάθημα Δίου παιδός, οὓς ̔Ηρακλέης' "¹¹⁴⁵ ̓Αμαζόνων σκυλεύματ' ἤνεγκεν θεῷ." '" None

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184 It is not in holy Athen ¹⁸⁵ only that there are courts of the gods with fine colonnades, and the worship of Apollo, guardian of highways; but here, too, at the shrine of Loxias, son of Latona, shines the lovely eye of day on faces twain. (Second) Choru ¹⁹⁰ Just look at this! here is the son of Zeus killing with his scimitar of gold the watersnake of Lerna. Do look at him, my friend! (First) Choru ¹⁹⁴ Yes, I see. And close to him stands another ¹⁹⁵ with a blazing torch uplifted; who is he? Can this be the warrior Iolaus whose story is told on my broidery, who shares with ²⁰⁰ the son of Zeus his labours and helps him in the moil? (Third) Choru ²⁰¹ Oh! but look at this! a man mounted on a winged horse, killing a fire-breathing monster with three bodies. (First) Choru ²⁰⁵ I am turning my eyes in every direction. Behold the rout of the giants carved on these walls of stone. (Fourth) Choru ²⁰⁸ Yes, yes, good friends, I am looking. (Fifth) Choru ²¹⁰ Dost see her standing over Enceladus brandishing her shield with the Gorgon’s head? (Sixth) Choru ²¹¹ I see Pallas, my own goddess. (Seventh) Choru ²¹² Again, dost see the massy thunderbolt all aflame in the far-darting hands of Zeus? (Eighth) Choru ²¹⁵ I do; ’tis blasting with its flame Mimas, that deadly foe. (Ninth) Choru ²¹⁷ Bromius too, the god of revelry, is slaying another of the sons of Earth with his thyrsus of ivy, never meant for battle. (First) Choru ¹¹⁴¹ intending to invite all Delphi to the feast. Then from the temple-treasury tapestry he took and therewith made a shelter, wondrous sight to see. First o’er the roof-tree he threw a canopy of robes, an offering Heracles, the son of Zeus,'¹¹⁴² intending to invite all Delphi to the feast. Then from the temple-treasury tapestry he took and therewith made a shelter, wondrous sight to see. First o’er the roof-tree he threw a canopy of robes, an offering Heracles, the son of Zeus, ¹¹⁴⁵ had brought unto the god from his Amazonian spoils. On them was broidered many a pictured scene, to wit, Heaven marshalling his host of stars upon the vaulted sky; there was the sun-god urging on his steeds toward his fiery goal, the bright star of evening at his heels. ' None

7. Xenophon, Memoirs, 2.1.22-2.1.23 (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • ecphrasis • ekphrasis

Found in books: Maciver (2012), Quintus Smyrnaeus' Posthomerica: Engaging Homer in Late Antiquity, 70; Verhelst and Scheijnens (2022), Greek and Latin Poetry of Late Antiquity: Form, Tradition, and Context, 156

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2.1.22 καὶ φανῆναι αὐτῷ δύο γυναῖκας προσιέναι μεγάλας, τὴν μὲν ἑτέραν εὐπρεπῆ τε ἰδεῖν καὶ ἐλευθέριον φύσει, κεκοσμημένην τὸ μὲν σῶμα καθαρότητι, τὰ δὲ ὄμματα αἰδοῖ, τὸ δὲ σχῆμα σωφροσύνῃ, ἐσθῆτι δὲ λευκῇ, τὴν δʼ ἑτέραν τεθραμμένην μὲν εἰς πολυσαρκίαν τε καὶ ἁπαλότητα, κεκαλλωπισμένην δὲ τὸ μὲν χρῶμα ὥστε λευκοτέραν τε καὶ ἐρυθροτέραν τοῦ ὄντος δοκεῖν φαίνεσθαι, τὸ δὲ σχῆμα ὥστε δοκεῖν ὀρθοτέραν τῆς φύσεως εἶναι, τὰ δὲ ὄμματα ἔχειν ἀναπεπταμένα, ἐσθῆτα δὲ ἐξ ἧς ἂν μάλιστα ὥρα διαλάμποι· κατασκοπεῖσθαι δὲ θαμὰ ἑαυτήν, ἐπισκοπεῖν δὲ καὶ εἴ τις ἄλλος αὐτὴν θεᾶται, πολλάκις δὲ καὶ εἰς τὴν ἑαυτῆς σκιὰν ἀποβλέπειν. ^2.1.23 ὡς δʼ ἐγένοντο πλησιαίτερον τοῦ Ἡρακλέους, τὴν μὲν πρόσθεν ῥηθεῖσαν ἰέναι τὸν αὐτὸν τρόπον, τὴν δʼ ἑτέραν φθάσαι βουλομένην προσδραμεῖν τῷ Ἡρακλεῖ καὶ εἰπεῖν· ὁρῶ σε, ὦ Ἡράκλεις, ἀποροῦντα ποίαν ὁδὸν ἐπὶ τὸν βίον τράπῃ. ἐὰν οὖν ἐμὲ φίλην ποιησάμενος, ἐπὶ τὴν ἡδίστην τε καὶ ῥᾴστην ὁδὸν ἄξω σε, καὶ τῶν μὲν τερπνῶν οὐδενὸς ἄγευστος ἔσει, τῶν δὲ χαλεπῶν ἄπειρος διαβιώσῃ.'' None

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2.1.22 and sat pondering which road to take. And there appeared two women of great stature making towards him. The one was fair to see and of high bearing; and her limbs were adorned with purity, her eyes with modesty; sober was her figure, and her robe was white. The other was plump and soft, with high feeding. Her face was made up to heighten its natural white and pink, her figure to exaggerate her height. Open-eyed was she; and dressed so as to disclose all her charms. Now she eyed herself; anon looked whether any noticed her; and often stole a glance at her own shadow. ^2.1.23 When they drew nigh to Heracles, the first pursued the even tenor of her way: but the other, all eager to outdo her, ran to meet him, crying: Heracles, I see that you are in doubt which path to take towards life. Make me your friend; follow me, and I will lead you along the pleasantest and easiest road. You shall taste all the sweets of life; and hardship you shall never know. '' None

8. None, None, nan (5th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • ekphrasis

Found in books: Augoustakis (2014), Flavian Poetry and its Greek Past, 184; Verhagen (2022), Security and Credit in Roman Law: The Historical Evolution of Pignus and Hypotheca, 184

9. None, None, nan (4th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Juno (Hera),, ekphrasis linked to temple of • ecphrasis • ekphrasis • ekphrasis,, Quintilian on • ekphrasis,, in Catullus • ekphrasis,, in Theocritus • ekphrasis,, narrative breaks or pauses as characteristic of • ekphrasis,, nonvisual arts and • ekphrasis,, pastoral poetry and • ekphrasis,, “performative ekphrasis,” • pastoral, ekphrasis and • performative ekphrasis • weaving, ekphrasis and

Found in books: Johnson (2008), Ovid before Exile: Art and Punishment in the Metamorphoses, 37, 38, 82, 83, 130; Kirichenko (2022), Greek Literature and the Ideal: The Pragmatics of Space from the Archaic to the Hellenistic Age, 204, 225, 226; Konig and Wiater (2022), Late Hellenistic Greek Literature in Dialogue, 355; König and Wiater (2022), Late Hellenistic Greek Literature in Dialogue, 355

10. None, None, nan (3rd cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Juno (Hera),, ekphrasis linked to temple of • Orpheus,, ekphrasis and • ecphrasis • ekphrasis • ekphrasis,, in Metamorphoses • ekphrasis,, “performative ekphrasis,” • ekphrasis/ecphrasis

Found in books: Augoustakis (2014), Flavian Poetry and its Greek Past, 184; Edmondson (2008), Roman Dress and the Fabrics of Roman Culture, 213; Elsner (2007), Roman Eyes: Visuality and Subjectivity in Art and Text, 67; Farrell (2021), Juno's Aeneid: A Battle for Heroic Identity, 148; Johnson (2008), Ovid before Exile: Art and Punishment in the Metamorphoses, 35, 130; Keith and Myers (2023), Vergil and Elegy. 280; Laemmle (2021), Lists and Catalogues in Ancient Literature and Beyond: Towards a Poetics of Enumeration, 232; Maciver (2012), Quintus Smyrnaeus' Posthomerica: Engaging Homer in Late Antiquity, 44, 46; Skempis and Ziogas (2014), Geography, Topography, Landscape: Configurations of Space in Greek and Roman Epic 169; Verhagen (2022), Security and Credit in Roman Law: The Historical Evolution of Pignus and Hypotheca, 184

11. Catullus, Poems, 64.48-64.265, 64.311-64.317 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Ekphrasis • Juno (Hera),, ekphrasis linked to temple of • ekphrasis, in Catullus • ekphrasis, in Statius’ poetry • ekphrasis,, Quintilian on • ekphrasis,, in Catullus • ekphrasis,, in Theocritus • ekphrasis,, narrative breaks or pauses as characteristic of • ekphrasis,, nonvisual arts and • gaze, in ekphrasis • weaving, ekphrasis and

Found in books: Elsner (2007), Roman Eyes: Visuality and Subjectivity in Art and Text, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 77, 82; Johnson (2008), Ovid before Exile: Art and Punishment in the Metamorphoses, 37, 130, 146; Putnam et al. (2023), The Poetic World of Statius' Silvae, 167; de Bakker, van den Berg, and Klooster (2022), Emotions and Narrative in Ancient Literature and Beyond, 577, 706

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64.48 Hidden in midmost stead, and its polisht framework of Indian ^64.49 Tusk underlies its cloth empurpled by juice of the dye-shell. ^64.50 This be a figured cloth with forms of manhood primeval ^64.51 Showing by marvel-art the gifts and graces of heroes.' "^64.52 Here upon Dia's strand wave-resot, ever-regarding" '^64.53 Theseus borne from sight outside by fleet of the fleetest, ^64.54 Stands Ariadne with heart full-filled with furies unbated,' "^64.55 Nor can her sense as yet believe she 'spies the espied," '^64.56 When like one that awakes new roused from slumber deceptive, ^64.57 Sees she her hapless self lone left on loneliest sandbank: ^64.58 While as the mindless youth with oars disturbeth the shallows, ^64.59 Casts to the windy storms what vows he vainly had vowed. ^64.60 Him through the sedges afar the sad-eyed maiden of Minos, ^64.61 Likest a Bacchant-girl stone-carven, (O her sorrow!)' "^64.62 'Spies, a-tossing the while on sorest billows of love-care." '^64.63 Now no more on her blood-hued hair fine fillets retains she, ^64.64 No more now light veil conceals her bosom erst hidden, ^64.65 Now no more smooth zone contains her milky-hued paplets: ^64.66 All gear dropping adown from every part of her person ^64.67 Thrown, lie fronting her feet to the briny wavelets a sea-toy. ^64.68 But at such now no more of her veil or her fillet a-floating ^64.69 Had she regard: on you, Theseus! all of her heart-strength, ^64.70 All of her sprite, her mind, forlorn, were evermore hanging. ^64.71 Ah, sad soul, by grief and grievance driven beside you, ^64.72 Sowed Erycina first those brambly cares in thy bosom, ^64.73 What while issuing fierce with will enstarkened, Theseu ^64.74 Forth from the bow-bent shore Piraean putting a-seaward ^64.75 Reacht the Gortynian roofs where dwelt the injurious Monarch.' "^64.76 For 'twas told of yore how forced by pestilence cruel," '^64.77 Eke as a blood rite due for the Androgeonian murder, ^64.78 Many a chosen youth and the bloom of damsels unmarried ^64.79 Food for the Minotaur, Cecropia was wont to befurnish. ^64.80 Seeing his narrow walls in such wise vexed with evils, ^64.81 Theseus of freest will for dear-loved Athens his body ^64.82 offered a victim so that no more to Crete be deported ^64.83 Lives by Cecropia doomed to burials burying nowise; ^64.84 Then with a swifty ship and soft breathed breezes a-stirring, ^64.85 Sought he Minos the Haughty where homed in proudest of Mansions. ^64.86 Him as with yearning glance forthright espied the royal ^64.87 Maiden, whom pure chaste couch aspiring delicate odour ^64.88 Cherisht, in soft embrace of a mother comforted all-whiles,' "^64.89 (E'en as the myrtles begot by the flowing floods of Eurotas," '^64.90 Or as the tincts distinct brought forth by breath of the springtide) ^64.91 Never the burning lights of her eyes from gazing upon him ^64.92 Turned she, before fierce flame in all her body conceived she ^64.93 Down in its deepest depths and burning within her marrow. ^64.94 Ah, with unmitigate heart exciting wretchedmost furies,' "^64.95 You, Boy sacrosanct! man's grief and gladness commingling," '^64.96 You too of Golgos Queen and Lady of leafy Idalium ,' "^64.97 Whelm'd you in what manner waves that maiden fantasy-fired," '^64.98 All for a blond-haired youth suspiring many a singulf! ^64.99 Whiles how dire was the dread she dreed in languishing heart-strings; ^64.100 How yet more, ever more, with golden splendour she paled! ^64.101 Whenas yearning to mate his might with the furious monster ^64.102 Theseus braved his death or sought the prizes of praises. ^64.103 Then of her gifts to gods not ingrate, nor profiting naught, ^64.104 Promise with silent lip, addressed she timidly vowing. ^64.105 For as an oak that shakes on topmost summit of Tauru ^64.106 Its boughs, or cone-growing pine from bole bark resin exuding, ^64.107 Whirlwind of passing might that twists the stems with its storm-blasts, ^64.108 Uproots, deracinates, forthright its trunk to the farthest, ^64.109 Prone falls, shattering wide what lies in line of its downfall,— ^64.110 Thus was that wildling flung by Theseus and vanquisht of body, ^64.111 Vainly tossing its horns and goring the wind to no purpose. ^64.112 Thence with abounding praise returned he, guiding his footsteps, ^64.113 While a fine drawn thread checked steps in wander abounding, ^64.114 Lest when issuing forth of the winding maze labyrinthine ^64.115 Baffled become his track by inobservable error. ^64.116 But for what cause should I, from early subject digressing, ^64.117 Tell of the daughter who the face of her sire unseeing,' "^64.118 Eke her sister's embrace nor less her mother's endearments," '^64.119 Who in despair bewept her hapless child that so gladly ^64.120 Chose before every and each the lively wooing of Theseus? ^64.121 Or how borne by the ship to the yeasting shore-line of Dia ^64.122 Came she? or how when bound her eyes in bondage of slumber ^64.123 Left her that chosen mate with mind unmindful departing? ^64.124 often (they tell) with heart inflamed by fiery fury ^64.125 Poured she shrilling of shrieks from deepest depths of her bosom; ^64.126 Now she would sadly scale the broken faces of mountains, ^64.127 Whence she might overglance the boundless boiling of billows,' "^64.128 Then she would rush to bestem the salt-plain's quivering wavelet" '^64.129 And from her ankles bare the dainty garment uplifting,' "^64.130 Spoke she these words ('tis said) from sorrow's deepest abysses," '^64.131 While from her tear-drencht face outburst cold shivering sobs. ^64.132 "Thus from my patrial shore, O traitor, hurried to exile, ^64.133 Me on a lonely strand hast left, perfidious Theseus? ^64.134 Thus wise farest, despite the godhead of Deities spurned, ^64.135 (Reckless, alas!) to your home convoying perjury-curses? ^64.136 Naught, then, ever availed that mind of cruelest counsel ^64.137 Alter? No saving grace in you was evermore ready, ^64.138 That to have pity on me vouchsafed your pitiless bosom? ^64.139 Nevertheless not in past time such were the promises wordy ^64.140 Lavished; nor such hopes to me the hapless were bidden; ^64.141 But the glad married joys, the longed-for pleasures of wedlock. ^64.142 All now empty and vain, by breath of the breezes bescattered! ^64.143 Now, let woman no more trust her to man when he sweareth,' "^64.144 Ne'er let her hope to find or truth or faith in his pleadings," '^64.145 Who when lustful thought forelooks to somewhat attaining, ^64.146 Never an oath they fear, shall spare no promise to promise. ^64.147 Yet no sooner they sate all lewdness and lecherous fancy, ^64.148 Nothing remember of words and reck they naught of fore-swearing. ^64.149 Certes, you did I snatch from midmost whirlpool of ruin ^64.150 Deadly, and held it cheap loss of a brother to suffer ^64.151 Rather than fail your need (O false!) at hour the supremest. ^64.152 Therefore my limbs are doomed to be torn of birds, and of feral ^64.153 Prey, nor shall upheapt Earth afford a grave to my body.' "^64.154 Say me, what lioness bare you 'neath lone rock of the desert?" '^64.155 What sea spued you conceived from out the spume of his surges! ^64.156 What manner Syrt, what ravening Scylla, what vasty Charybdis? ^64.157 you who for sweet life saved such meeds are lief of returning! ^64.158 If never willed your breast with me to mate you in marriage, ^64.159 Hating the savage law decreed by primitive parent,' "^64.160 Still of your competence 'twas within your household to home me," '^64.161 Where I might serve as slave in gladsome service familiar, ^64.162 Laving your snow-white feet in clearest chrystalline water ^64.163 Or with its purpling gear your couch in company strewing. ^64.164 Yet for what cause should I complain in vain to the winds that unknow me,' "^64.165 (I so beside me with grief!) which ne'er of senses endued" '^64.166 Hear not the words sent forth nor aught avail they to answer? ^64.167 Now be his course well-nigh engaged in midway of ocean, ^64.168 Nor any mortal shape appears in barrens of sea-wrack. ^64.169 Thus at the latest hour with insults over-sufficient' "^64.170 E'en to my plaints fere Fate begrudges ears that would hear me." '^64.171 Jupiter ! Lord of All-might, Oh would in days that are bygone' "^64.172 Ne'er had Cecropian poops toucht ground at Gnossian foreshore," '^64.173 Nor to the unconquered Bull that tribute direful conveying ^64.174 Had the false Seaman bound to Cretan island his hawser,' "^64.175 Nor had yon evil wight, 'neath shape the softest hard purpose" '^64.176 Hiding, enjoyed repose within our mansion beguested! ^64.177 Whither can wend I now? What hope lends help to the lost one? ^64.178 Idomenean mounts shall I scale? Ah, parted by whirlpool ^64.179 Widest, yon truculent main where yields it power of passage? ^64.180 Aid of my sire can I crave? Whom I willing abandoned, ^64.181 Treading in tracks of a youth bewrayed with blood of a brother! ^64.182 Can I console my soul with the helpful love of a helpmate ^64.183 Who flies me with pliant oars, flies overbounding the sea-depths? ^64.184 Nay, if this Coast I quit, this lone isle lends me no roof-tree, ^64.185 Nor aught issue allows begirt by billows of Ocean: ^64.186 Nowhere is path for flight: none hope shows: all things are silent: ^64.187 All be a desolate waste: all makes display of destruction. ^64.188 Yet never close these eyes in latest languor of dying,' "^64.189 Ne'er from my wearied frame go forth slow-ebbing my senses," '^64.190 Ere from the Gods just doom implore I, treason-betrayed, ^64.191 And with my breath supreme firm faith of Celestials invoke I.' "^64.192 Therefore, O you who 'venge man's deed with penalties direful," '^64.193 Eumenides! aye wont to bind with viperous hairlock ^64.194 Foreheads,—Oh, deign outspeak fierce wrath from bosom outbreathing, ^64.195 Hither, Oh hither, speed, and lend you all ear to my grievance, ^64.196 Which now sad I (alas!) outpour from innermost vital ^64.197 Maugre my will, sans help, blind, fired with furious madness. ^64.198 And, as indeed all spring from veriest core of my bosom, ^64.199 Suffer you not the cause of grief and woe to evanish; ^64.200 But with the Will wherewith could Theseus leave me in loneness, ^64.201 Goddesses! bid that Will lead him, lead his, to destruction."' "^64.202 E'en as she thus poured forth these words from anguish of bosom," '^64.203 And for this cruel deed, distracted, sued she for vengeance, ^64.204 Nodded the Ruler of Gods Celestial, matchless of All-might, ^64.205 When at the gest earth-plain and horrid spaces of ocean ^64.206 Trembled, and every sphere rockt stars and planets resplendent. ^64.207 Meanwhile Theseus himself, obscured in blindness of darkne' "^64.208 As to his mind, dismiss'd from breast oblivious all thing" '^64.209 Erewhile enjoined and held hereto in memory constant, ^64.210 Nor for his saddened sire the gladness-signals uphoisting ^64.211 Heralded safe return within sight of the Erechthean harbour.' "^64.212 For 'twas told of yore, when from walls of the Virginal Dee" '^64.213 Aegeus speeding his son, to the care of breezes committed, ^64.214 Thus with a last embrace to the youth spoke words of commandment: ^64.215 "Son! far nearer my heart (you alone) than life of the longest, ^64.216 Son, I perforce dismiss to doubtful, dangerous chances, ^64.217 Lately restored to me when eld draws nearest his ending, ^64.218 Since such fortune in me, and in you such boiling of valour ^64.219 Tear you away from me so loath, whose eyes in their languor ^64.220 Never are sated with sight of my son, all-dearest of figures. ^64.221 Nor will I send you forth with joy that gladdens my bosom, ^64.222 Nor will I suffer you show boon signs of favouring Fortune,' "^64.223 But from my soul I'll first express an issue of sorrow," '^64.224 Soiling my hoary hairs with dust and ashes commingled; ^64.225 Then will I hang stained sails fast-made to the wavering yard-arms, ^64.226 So shall our mourning thought and burning torture of spirit ^64.227 Show by the dark sombre-dye of Iberian canvas spread. ^64.228 But, grant me the grace Who dwells in Sacred Itone, ^64.229 (And our issue to guard and ward the seats of Erechtheu ^64.230 Sware She) that if your right is besprent with blood of the Man-Bull,' "^64.231 Then do you so-wise act, and stored in memory's heart-core" '^64.232 Dwell these mandates of me, no time their traces untracing. ^64.233 Dip, when first shall arise our hills to gladden your eye-glance, ^64.234 Down from your every mast the ill-omened vestments of mourning, ^64.235 Then let the twisten ropes upheave the whitest of canvas, ^64.235 Wherewith splendid shall gleam the tallest spars of the top-mast, ^64.236 These seeing sans delay with joy exalting my spirit ^64.237 Well shall I wot boon Time sets you returning before me." ^64.238 Such were the mandates which stored at first in memory constant' "^64.239 Faded from Theseus' mind like mists, compelled by the whirlwind," '^64.240 Fleet from aerial crests of mountains hoary with snow-drifts.' "^64.241 But as the sire had sought the citadel's summit for outlook," '^64.242 Wasting his anxious eyes with tear-floods evermore flowing,' "^64.243 Forthright e'en as he saw the sail-gear darkened with dye-stain," "^64.244 Headlong himself flung he from the sea-cliff's pinnacled summit" '^64.245 Holding his Theseus lost by doom of pitiless Fortune. ^64.246 Thus as he came to the home funest, his roof-tree paternal, ^64.247 Theseus (vaunting the death), what dule to the maiden of Mino' "^64.248 Dealt with unminding mind so dree'd he similar dolour." '^64.249 She too gazing in grief at the kelson vanishing slowly, ^64.250 Self-wrapt, manifold cares revolved in spirit perturbed. ON ANOTHER PART OF THE COVERLET ^64.251 But from the further side came flitting bright-faced Iacchu ^64.252 Girded by Satyr-crew and Nysa-reared Sileni ^64.253 Burning with love unto thee (Ariadne!) and greeting thy presence. ^64.254 Who flocking eager to fray did rave with infuriate spirit, ^64.255 "Evoe" frenzying loud, with heads at "Evoe" rolling. ^64.256 Brandisht some of the maids their thyrsi sheathed of spear-point, ^64.257 Some snatcht limbs and joints of sturlings rended to pieces, ^64.258 These girt necks and waists with writhing bodies of vipers, ^64.259 Those with the gear enwombed in crates dark orgies ordained—' "^64.260 Orgies that ears profane must vainly lust for o'er hearing—" '^64.261 Others with palms on high smote hurried strokes on the cymbal, ^64.262 Or from the polisht brass woke thin-toned tinkling music, ^64.263 While from the many there boomed and blared hoarse blast of the horn-trump, ^64.264 And with its horrid skirl loud shrilled the barbarous bag-pipe ^64.265 Showing such varied forms, that richly-decorated couch-cloth ^64.311 Each in her left upheld with soft fleece clothed a distaff, ^64.312 Then did the right that drew forth thread with upturn of finger ^64.313 Gently fashion the yarn which deftly twisted by thumb-ball ^64.314 Speeded the spindle poised by thread-whorl perfect of polish;' "^64.315 Thus as the work was wrought, the lengths were trimmed wi' the fore-teeth," '^64.316 While to their thin, dry lips stuck wool-flecks severed by biting, ^64.317 Which at the first outstood from yarn-hanks evenly fine-drawn.'' None

12. Diodorus Siculus, Historical Library, 3.38-3.48 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • ecphrasis

Found in books: Konig and Wiater (2022), Late Hellenistic Greek Literature in Dialogue, 94, 117; König and Wiater (2022), Late Hellenistic Greek Literature in Dialogue, 94, 117

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3.38 1. \xa0But now that we have examined with sufficient care Ethiopia and the Trogodyte country and the territory adjoining them, as far as the region which is uninhabited because of the excessive heat, and, beside these, the coast of the Red Sea and the Atlantic deep which stretches towards the south, we shall give an account of the part which still remains â\x80\x94 and I\xa0refer to the Arabian Gulf â\x80\x94 drawing in part upon the royal records preserved in Alexandria, and in part upon what we have learned from men who have seen it with their own eyes.,2. \xa0For this section of the inhabited world and that about the British Isles and the far north have by no means come to be included in the common knowledge of men. But as for the parts of the inhabited world which lie to the far north and border on the area which is uninhabited because of the cold, we shall discuss them when we record the deeds of Gaius Caesar;,3. \xa0for he it was who extended the Roman Empire the farthest into those parts and brought it about that all the area which had formerly been unknown came to be included in a narrative of history;,4. \xa0but the Arabian Gulf, as it is called, opens into the ocean which lies to the south, and its innermost recess, which stretches over a distance of very many stades in length, is enclosed by the farthermost borders of Arabia and the Trogodyte country. Its width at the mouth and at the innermost recess is about sixteen stades, but from the harbour of Panormus to the opposite mainland is a\xa0day's run for a warship. And its greatest width is at the Tyrcaeus mountain and Macaria, an island out at sea, the mainlands there being out of sight of each other. But from this point the width steadily decreases more and more and continually tapers as far as the entrance.,5. \xa0And as a man sails along the coast he comes in many places upon long islands with narrow passages between them, where the current rises full and strong. Such, then, is the setting, in general terms, of this gulf. But for our part, we shall make our beginning with the farthest regions of the innermost recess and then sail along its two sides past the mainlands, in connection with which we shall describe what is peculiar to them and most deserving of discussion; and first of all we shall take the right side, the coast of which is inhabited by tribes of the Trogodytes as far inland as the desert. \xa0" "^3.39 1. \xa0In the course of the journey, then, from the city of ArsinoÃª along the right mainland, in many places numerous streams, which have a bitter salty taste, drop from the cliffs into the sea. And after a man has passed these waters, above a great plain there towers a mountain whose colour is like ruddle and blinds the sight of any who gaze steadfastly upon it for some time. Moreover, at the edge of the skirts of the mountain there lies a harbour, known as AphroditÃª's Harbour, which has a winding entrance.,2. \xa0Above this harbour are situated three islands, two of which abound in olive trees and are thickly shaded, while one falls short of the other two in respect of the number of these trees but contains a multitude of the birds called meleagrides.,3. \xa0Next there is a very large gulf which is called Acathartus, and by it is an exceedingly long peninsula, over the narrow neck of which men transport their ships to the opposite sea.,4. \xa0And as a man coasts along these regions he comes to an island which lies at a distance out in the open sea and stretches for a length of eighty stades; the name of it is Ophiodes and it was formerly full of fearful serpents of every variety, which was in fact the reason why it received this name, but in later times the kings at Alexandria have laboured so diligently on the reclaiming of it that not one of the animals which were formerly there is any longer to be seen on the island.,5. \xa0However, we should not pass over the reason why the kings showed diligence in the reclamation of the island. For there is found on it the topaz, as it is called, which is a pleasing transparent stone, similar to glass, and of a marvellous golden hue.,6. \xa0Consequently no unauthorized person may set foot upon the island and it is closely guarded, every man who has approached it being put to death by the guards who are stationed there. And the latter are few in number and lead a miserable existence. For in order to prevent any stone being stolen, not a single boat is left on the island; furthermore, any who sail by pass along it at a distance because of their fear of the king; and the provisions which are brought to it are quickly exhausted and there are absolutely no other provisions in the land.,7. \xa0Consequently, whenever only a little food is left, all the inhabitants of the village sit down and await the arrival of the ship of those who are bringing the provisions, and when these are delayed they are reduced to their last hopes.,8. \xa0And the stone we have mentioned, being found in the rock, is not discernible during the day because of the stifling heat, since it is overcome by the brilliance of the sun, but when night falls it shines in the dark and is visible from afar, in whatever place it may be.,9. \xa0The guards on the island divide these places by lot among themselves and stand watch over them, and when the stone shines they put around it, to mark the place, a vessel corresponding in size to the chunk of stone which gives out the light; and when day comes and they go their rounds they cut out the area which has been so marked and turn it over to men who are able by reason of their craftsmanship to polish it properly. \xa0" "^3.40 1. \xa0After sailing past these regions one finds that the coast is inhabited by many nations of Ichthyophagi and many nomadic Trogodytes. Then there appear mountains of all manner of peculiarities until one comes to the Harbour of Soteria, as it is called, which gained this name from the first Greek sailors who found safety there.,2. \xa0From this region onwards the gulf begins to become contracted and to curve toward Arabia. And here it is found that the nature of the country and of the sea has altered by reason of the peculiar characteristic of the region;,3. \xa0for the mainland appears to be low as seen from the sea, no elevation rising above it, and the sea, which runs to shoals, is found to have a depth of no more than three fathoms, while in colour it is altogether green. The reason for this is, they say, not because the water is naturally of that colour, but because of the mass of seaweed and tangle which shows from under water.,4. \xa0For ships, then, which are equipped with oars the place is suitable enough, since it rolls along no wave from a great distance and affords, furthermore, fishing in the greatest abundance; but the ships which carry the elephants, being of deep draft because of their weight and heavy by reason of their equipment, bring upon their crews great and terrible dangers.,5. \xa0For running as they do under full sail and often times being driven during the night before the force of the winds, sometimes they will strike against rocks and be wrecked or sometimes run aground on slightly submerged spits. The sailors are unable to go over the sides of the ship because the water is deeper than a man's height, and when in their efforts to rescue their vessel by means of their punting-poles they accomplish nothing, they jettison everything except their provisions; but if even by this course they do not succeed in effecting an escape, they fall into great perplexity by reason of the fact that they can make out neither an island nor a promontory nor another ship near at hand; â\x80\x94 for the region is altogether inhospitable and only at rare intervals do men cross it in ships.,6. \xa0And to add to these evils the waves within a moment's time cast up such a mass of sand against the body of the ship and heap it up in so incredible a fashion that it soon piles up a mound round about the place and binds the vessel, as if of set purpose, to the solid land.,7. \xa0Now the men who have suffered this mishap, at the outset bewail their lot with moderation in the face of a deaf wilderness, having as yet not entirely abandoned hope of ultimate salvation; for oftentimes the swell of the flood-tide has intervened for men in such a plight and raised the ship aloft, and suddenly appearing, as might a deus ex machina, has brought succour to men in the extremity of peril. But when such god-sent aid has not been vouchsafed to them and their food fails, then the strong cast the weaker into the sea in order that for the few left the remaining necessities of life may last a greater number of days. But finally, when they have blotted out of their minds all their hopes, these perish by a more miserable fate than those who had died before; for whereas the latter in a moment's time returned to Nature the spirit which she had given them, these parcelled out their death into many separate hardships before they finally, suffering long-protracted tortures, were granted the end of life.,8. \xa0As for the ships which have been stripped of their crews in this pitiable fashion, there they remain for many years, like a group of cenotaphs, embedded on every side in a heap of sand, their masts and yard-arms si standing aloft, and they move those who behold them from afar to pity and sympathy for the men who have perished. For it is the king's command to leave in place such evidences of disasters that they may give notice to sailors of the region which works to their destruction.,9. \xa0And among the Ichthyophagi who dwell near by has been handed down a tale which has preserved the account received from their forefathers, that once, when there was a great receding of the sea, the entire area of the gulf which has what may be roughly described as the green appearance became land, and that, after the sea had receded to the opposite parts and the solid ground in the depths of it had emerged to view, a mighty flood came back upon it again and returned the body of water to its former place. \xa0" "^3.41 1. \xa0The voyage along the coast, as one leaves these regions, from PtolemaÃ¯s as far as the Promontories of the Tauri we have already mentioned, when we told of Ptolemy's hunting of the elephants; and from the Tauri the coast swings to the east, and at the time of the summer solstice the shadows fall to the south, opposite to what is true with us, at about the second hour of the day.,2. \xa0The country also has rivers, which flow from the Psebaean mountains, as they are called. Moreover, it is checkered by great plains as well, which bear mallows, cress, and palms, all of unbelievable size; and it also brings forth fruits of every description, which have an insipid taste and are unknown among us.,3. \xa0That part which stretches towards the interior is full of elephants and wild bulls and lions and many other powerful wild beasts of every description. The passage by sea is broken up by islands which, though they bear no cultivated fruit, support varieties of birds which are peculiar to them and marvellous to look upon.,4. \xa0After this place the sea is quite deep and produces all kinds of sea-monsters of astonishing size, which, however, offer no harm to men unless one by accident falls upon their back-fins; for they are unable to pursue the sailors, since when they rise from the sea their eyes are blinded by the brilliance of the sun. These, then, are the farthest known parts of the Trogodyte country, and are circumscribed by the ranges which go by the name of Psebaean. \xa0" '^3.42 1. \xa0But we shall now take up the other side, namely, the opposite shore which forms the coast of Arabia, and shall describe it, beginning with the innermost recess. This bears the name Poseideion, since an altar was erected here to Poseidon Pelagius by that Ariston who was dispatched by Ptolemy to investigate the coast of Arabia as far as the ocean.,2. \xa0Directly after the innermost recess is a region along the sea which is especially honoured by the natives because of the advantage which accrues from it to them. It is called the Palm-grove and contains a multitude of trees of this kind which are exceedingly fruitful and contribute in an unusual degree to enjoyment and luxury.,3. \xa0But all the country round about is lacking in springs of water and is fiery hot because it slopes to the south; accordingly, it was a natural thing that the barbarians made sacred the place which was full of trees and, lying as it did in the midst of a region utterly desolate, supplied their food. And indeed not a\xa0few springs and streams of water gush forth there, which do not yield to snow in coldness; and these make the land on both sides of them green and altogether pleasing.,4. \xa0Moreover, an altar is there built of hard stone and very old in years, bearing an inscription in ancient letters of an unknown tongue. The oversight of the sacred precinct is in the care of a man and a woman who hold the sacred office for life. The inhabitants of the place are long-lived and have their beds in the trees because of their fear of the wild beasts.,5. \xa0After sailing past the Palm-grove one comes to an island off a promontory of the mainland which bears the name Island of Phocae from the animals which make their home there; for so great a multitude of these beasts spend their time in these regions as to astonish those who behold them. And the promontory which stretches out in front of the island lies over against Petra, as it is called, and Palestine; for to this country, as it is reported, both the Gerrhaeans and Minaeans convey from Upper Arabia, as it is called, both the frankincense and the other aromatic wares. \xa0' "^3.43 1. \xa0The coast which comes next was originally inhabited by the Maranitae, and then by the Garindanes who were their neighbours. The latter secured the country somewhat in this fashion: In the above-mentioned Palm-grove a festival was celebrated every four years, to which the neighbouring peoples thronged from all sides, both to sacrifice to the gods of the sacred precinct hecatombs of well-fed camels and also to carry back to their native lands some of the water of this place, since the tradition prevailed that this drink gave health to such as partook of it.,2. \xa0When for these reasons, then, the Maranitae gathered to the festival, the Garindanes, putting to the sword those who had been left behind in the country, and lying in ambush for those who were returning from the festival, utterly destroyed the tribe, and after stripping the country of its inhabitants they divided among themselves the plains, which were fruitful and supplied abundant pasture for their herds and flocks.,3. \xa0This coast has few harbours and is divided by many large mountains, by reason of which it shows every shade of colour and affords a marvellous spectacle to those who sail past it.,4. \xa0After one has sailed past this country the Laeanites Gulf comes next, about which are many inhabited villages of Arabs who are known as Nabataeans. This tribe occupies a large part of the coast and not a little of the country which stretches inland, and it has a people numerous beyond telling and flocks and herds in multitude beyond belief.,5. \xa0Now in ancient times these men observed justice and were content with the food which they received from their flocks, but later, after the kings in Alexandria had made the ways of the sea navigable for the merchants, these Arabs not only attacked the shipwrecked, but fitting out pirate ships preyed upon the voyagers, imitating in their practices the savage and lawless ways of the Tauri of the Pontus; some time afterward, however, they were caught on the high seas by some quadriremes and punished as they deserved.,6. \xa0Beyond these regions there is a level and well-watered stretch of land which produces, by reason of springs which flow through its whole extent, dog's-tooth grass, lucerne, and lotus as tall as a man. And because of the abundance and excellent quality of the pasturage, not only does it support every manner of flocks and herds in multitude beyond telling, but also wild camels, deer, and gazelles.,7. \xa0And against the multitude of animals which are nourished in that place there gather in from the desert bands of lions and wolves and leopards, against which the herdsmen must perforce battle both day and night to protect their charges; and in this way the land's good fortune becomes a cause of misfortune for its inhabitants, seeing that it is generally Nature's way to dispense to men along with good things what is hurtful as well. \xa0" '^3.44 1. \xa0Next after these plains as one skirts the coast comes a gulf of extraordinary nature. It runs, namely, to a point deep into the land, extends in length a distance of some five hundred stades, and shut in as it is by crags which are of wondrous size, its mouth is winding and hard to get out of; for a rock which extends into the sea obstructs its entrance and so it is impossible for a ship either to sail into or out of the gulf.,2. \xa0Furthermore, at times when the current rushes in and there are frequent shiftings of the winds, the surf, beating upon the rocky beach, roars and rages all about the projecting rock. The inhabitants of the land about the gulf, who are known as Banizomenes, find their food by hunting the land animals and eating their meat. And a temple has been set up there, which is very holy and exceedingly revered by all Arabians.,3. \xa0Next there are three islands which lie off the coast just described and provide numerous harbours. The first of these, history relates, is sacred to Isis and is uninhabited, and on it are stone foundations of ancient dwellings and stelae which are inscribed with letters in a barbarian tongue; the other two islands are likewise uninhabited and all three are covered thick with olive trees which differ from those we have.,4. \xa0Beyond these islands there extends for about a\xa0thousand stades a coast which is precipitous and difficult for ships to sail past; for there is neither harbour beneath the cliffs nor roadstead where sailors may anchor, and no natural breakwater which affords shelter in emergency for mariners in distress. And parallel to the coast here runs a mountain range at whose summit are rocks which are sheer and of a terrifying height, and at its base are sharp undersea ledges in many places and behind them are ravines which are eaten away underneath and turn this way and that.,5. \xa0And since these ravines are connected by passages with one another and the sea is deep, the surf, as it at one time rushes in and at another time retreats, gives forth a sound resembling a mighty crash of thunder. At one place the surf, as it breaks upon huge rocks, rocks leaps on high and causes an astonishing mass of foam, at another it is swallowed up within the caverns and creates such a terrifying agitation of the waters that men who unwittingly draw near these places are so frightened that they die, as it were, a first death.,6. \xa0This coast, then, is inhabited by Arabs who are called Thamudeni; but the coast next to it is bounded by a very large gulf, off which lie scattered islands which are in appearance very much like the islands called the Echinades. After this coast there come sand dunes, of infinite extent in both length and width and black in colour.,7. \xa0Beyond them a neck of land is to be seen and a harbour, the fairest of any which have come to be included in history, called Charmuthas. For behind an extraordinary natural breakwater which slants towards the west there lies a gulf which not only is marvellous in its form but far surpasses all others in the advantages it offers; for a thickly wooded mountain stretches along it, enclosing it on all sides in a ring one\xa0hundred stades long; its entrance is two plethra wide, and it provides a harbour undisturbed by the waves sufficient for two thousand vessels.,8. \xa0Furthermore, it is exceptionally well supplied with water, since a river, larger than ordinary, empties into it, and it contains in its centre an island which is abundantly watered and capable of supporting gardens. In general, it resembles most closely the harbour of Carthage, which is known as Cothon, of the advantages of which we shall endeavour to give a detailed discussion in connection with the appropriate time. And a multitude of fish gather from the open sea into the harbour both because of the calm which prevails there and because of the sweetness of the waters which flow into it. \xa0 ^3.45 1. \xa0After these places, as a man skirts the coast, five mountains rise on high separated one from another, and their peaks taper into breast-shaped tips of stone which give them an appearance like that of the pyramids of Egypt.,2. \xa0Then comes a circular gulf guarded on every side by great promontories, and midway on a line drawn across it rises a trapezium-shaped hill on which three temples, remarkable for their height, have been erected to gods, which indeed are unknown to the Greeks, but are accorded unusual honour by the natives.,3. \xa0After this there is a stretch of dank coast, traversed at intervals by streams of sweet water from springs; on it there is a mountain which bears the name Chabinus and is heavily covered with thickets of every kind of tree. The land which adjoins the mountainous country is inhabited by the Arabs known as Debae.,4. \xa0They are breeders of camels and make use of the services of this animal in connection with the most important needs of their life; for instance, they fight against their enemies from their backs, employ them for the conveyance of their wares and thus easily accomplish all their business, drink their milk and in this way get their food from them, and traverse their entire country riding upon their racing camels.,5. \xa0And down the centre of their country runs a river which carries down such an amount of what is gold dust to all appearance that the mud glitters all over as it is carried out at its mouth. The natives of the region are entirely without experience in the working of the gold, but they are hospitable to strangers, not, however, to everyone who arrives among them, but only to Boeotians and Peloponnesians, the reason for this being the ancient friendship shown by Heracles for the tribe, a friendship which, they relate, has come down to them in the form of a myth as a heritage from their ancestors.,6. \xa0The land which comes next is inhabited by Alilaei and Gasandi, Arab peoples, and is not fiery hot, like the neighbouring territories, but is often overspread by mild and thick clouds, from which come heavy showers and timely storms that make the summer season temperate. The land produces everything and is exceptionally fertile, but it does not receive the cultivation of which it would admit because of the lack of experience of the folk.,7. \xa0Gold they discover in underground galleries which have been formed by nature and gather in abundance not that which has been fused into a mass out of gold-dust, but the virgin gold, which is called, from its condition when found, "unfired" gold. And as for size the smallest nugget found is about as large as the stone offruit, and the largest not much smaller than a royal nut.,8. \xa0This gold they wear about both their wrists and necks, perforating it and alternating it with transparent stones. And since this precious metal abounds in their land, whereas there is a scarcity of copper and iron, they exchange it with merchants for equal parts of the latter wares. \xa0 ^3.46 1. \xa0Beyond this people are the Carbae, as they are called, and beyond these the Sabaeans, who are the most numerous of the tribes of the Arabians. They inhabit that part of the country known as Arabia the Blest, which produces most of the things which are held dear among us and nurtures flocks and herds of every kind in multitude beyond telling. And a natural sweet odour pervades the entire land because practically all the things which excel in fragrance grow there unceasingly.,2. \xa0Along the coast, for instance, grow balsam, as called, and cassia and a certain other herb possessing a nature peculiar to itself; for when fresh it is most pleasing and delightful to the eye, but when kept for a time it suddenly fades to nothing.,3. \xa0And throughout the interior of land there are thick forests, in which are great trees which yield frankincense and myrrh, as well as palms and reeds, cinnamon trees and every other kind which possesses a sweet odour as these have; for it is impossible to enumerate both the peculiar properties and natures of each one severally because of the great volume and the exceptional richness of the fragrance as it is gathered from each and all.,4. \xa0For a divine thing and beyond the power of words to describe seems the fragrance which greets the nostrils and stirs the senses of everyone. Indeed, even though those who sail along this coast may be far from the land, that does not deprive them of a portion of the enjoyment which this fragrance affords; for in the summer season, when the wind is blowing off shore, one finds that the sweet odours exhaled by the myrrh-bearing and other aromatic trees penetrate to the near-by parts of the sea; and the reason is that the essence of the sweet-smelling herbs is not, as with us, kept laid away until it has become old and stale, but its potency is in the full bloom of its strength and fresh, and penetrates to the most delicate parts of the sense of smell.,5. \xa0And since the breeze carries the emanation of the most fragrant plants, to the voyagers who approach the coast there is wafted a blending of perfumes, delightful and potent, and healthful withal and exotic, composed as it is of the best of them, seeing that the product of the trees has not been minced into bits and so has exhaled its own special strength, nor yet lies stored away in vessels made of a different substance, but taken at the very prime of its freshness and while its divine nature keeps the shoot pure and undefiled. Consequently those who partake of the unique fragrance feel that they are enjoying the ambrosia of which the myths relate, being unable, because of the superlative sweetness of the perfume, to find any other name that would be fitting and worthy of it. \xa0' "^3.47 1. \xa0Nevertheless, fortune has not invested the inhabitants of this land with a felicity which is perfect and leaves no room for envy, but with such great gifts she has coupled what is harmful and may serve as a warning to such men as are wont to despise the gods because of the unbroken succession of their blessings.,2. \xa0For in the most fragrant forests is a multitude of snakes, the colour of which is dark-red, their length a span, and their bites altogether incurable; they bite by leaping upon their victim, and as they spring on high they leave a stain of blood upon his skin.,3. \xa0And there is also something peculiar to the natives which happens in the case of those whose bodies have become weakened by a protracted illness. For when the body has become permeated by an undiluted and pungent substance and the combination of foreign bodies settles in a porous area, an enfeebled condition ensues which is difficult to cure: consequently at the side of men afflicted in this way they burn asphalt and the beard of a goat, combatting the excessively sweet odour by that from substances of the opposite nature. Indeed the good, when it is measured out in respect of quantity and order, is for human beings an aid and delight, but when it fails of due proportion and proper time the gift which it bestows is unprofitable.,4. \xa0The chief city of this tribe is called by them Sabae and is built upon a mountain. The kings of this city succeed to the throne by descent and the people accord to them honours mingled with good and ill. For though they have the appearance of leading a happy life, in that they impose commands upon all and are not accountable for their deeds, yet they are considered unfortunate, inasmuch as it is unlawful for them ever to leave the palace, and if they do so they are stoned to death, in accordance with a certain ancient oracle, by the common crowd.,5. \xa0This tribe surpasses not only the neighbouring Arabs but also all other men in wealth and in their several extravagancies besides. For in the exchange and sale of their wares they, of all men who carry on trade for the sake of the silver they receive in exchange, obtain the highest price in return for things of the smallest weight.,6. \xa0Consequently, since they have never for ages suffered the ravages of war because of their secluded position, and since an abundance of both gold and silver abounds in the country, especially in Sabae, where the royal palace is situated, they have embossed goblets of every description, made of silver and gold, couches and tripods with silver feet, and every other furnishing of incredible costliness, and halls encircled by large columns, some of them gilded, and others having silver figures on the capitals.,7. \xa0Their ceilings and doors they have partitioned by means of panels and coffers made of gold, set with precious stones and placed close together, and have thus made the structure of their houses in every part marvellous for its costliness; for some parts they have constructed of silver and gold, others of ivory and that most showy precious stones or of whatever else men esteem most highly.,8. \xa0For the fact is that these people have enjoyed their felicity unshaken since ages past because they have been entire strangers to those whose own covetousness leads them to feel that another man's wealth is their own godsend. The sea in these parts looks to be white in colour, so that the beholder marvels at the surprising phenomenon and at the same time seeks for its cause.,9. \xa0And there are prosperous islands near by, containing unwalled cities, all the herds of which are white in colour, while no female has any horn whatsoever. These islands are visited by sailors from every part and especially from Potana, the city which Alexander founded on the Indus river, when he wished to have a naval station on the shore of the ocean. Now as regards Arabia the Blest and its inhabitants we shall be satisfied with what has been said. \xa0" '^3.48 1. \xa0But we must not omit to mention the strange phenomena which are seen in the heavens in these regions. The most marvellous is that which, according to accounts we have, has to do with the constellation of the Great Bear and occasions the greatest perplexity among navigators. What they relate is that, beginning with the month which the Athenians call Maemacterion, not one of the seven stars of the Great Bear is seen until the first watch, in Poseideon none until second, and in the following months they gradually drop out of the sight of navigators.,2. \xa0As for the other heavenly bodies, the planets, as they are called, are, in the case of some, larger than they appear with us, and in the case of others their risings and settings are also not the same; and the sun does not, as with us, send forth its light shortly in advance of its actual rising, but while the darkness of night still continues, it suddenly and contrary to all expectation appears and sends forth its light.,3. \xa0Because of this there is no daylight in those regions before the sun has become visible, and when out of the midst of the sea, as they say, it comes into view, it resembles a fiery red ball of charcoal which discharges huge sparks, and its shape does not look like a cone, as is the impression we have of it, but it has the shape of a column which has the appearance of being slightly thicker at the top; and furthermore it does not shine or send out rays before the first hour, appearing as a fire that gives forth no light in the darkness; but at the beginning of the second hour it takes on the form of a round shield and sends forth a light which is exceptionally bright and fiery.,4. \xa0But at its setting the opposite manifestations take place with respect to it; for it seems to observers to be lighting up the whole universe with a strange kind of ray for not less than two or, as Agatharchides of Cnidus has recorded, for three hours. And in the opinion of the natives this is the most pleasant period, when the heat is steadily lessening because of the setting of the sun.,5. \xa0As regards the winds, the west, the south-west, also the north-west and the east blow as in the other parts of the world; but in Ethiopia the south winds neither blow nor are known at all, although in the Trogodyte country and Arabia they so exceptionally hot that they set the forests on fire and cause the bodies of those who take refuge in the shade of their huts to collapse through weakness. The north wind, however, may justly be considered the most favourable of all, since it reaches into every region of the inhabited earth and is ever cool.'" None

13. None, None, nan (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Ekphrasis • ekphrasis • ekphrasis,, as literary tradition • ekphrasis,, literary arts excluded from traditional use of • ekphrasis,, nonvisual arts and • landscape,, as ekphrastic

Found in books: Johnson (2008), Ovid before Exile: Art and Punishment in the Metamorphoses, 32, 33; Manolaraki (2012), Noscendi Nilum Cupido: Imagining Egypt from Lucan to Philostratus, 292

14. None, None, nan (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Aeneas, Ecphrasis of the shield of • Ekphrasis

Found in books: Fabre-Serris et al. (2021), Identities, Ethnicities and Gender in Antiquity, 120; Manolaraki (2012), Noscendi Nilum Cupido: Imagining Egypt from Lucan to Philostratus, 31

15. New Testament, Apocalypse, 1.10, 22.18 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • ekphrasis

Found in books: Estes (2020), The Tree of Life, 189; Maier and Waldner (2022), Desiring Martyrs: Locating Martyrs in Space and Time, 41, 58

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1.10 ἐγενόμην ἐν πνεύματι ἐν τῇ κυριακῇ ἡμέρᾳ, καὶ ἤκουσα ὀπίσω μου φωνὴν μεγάλην ὡς σάλπιγγος ^22.18 Μαρτυρῶ ἐγὼ παντὶ τῷ ἀκούοντιτοὺς λόγουςτῆς προφητείας τοῦ βιβλίου τούτου· ἐάν τιςἐπιθῇ ἐπ̓αὐτά, ἐπιθήσει ὁ θεὸςἐπʼ αὐτὸντὰς πληγὰς τὰς γεγραμμένας ἐν τῷ βιβλίῳ τούτῳ·'' None

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1.10 I was in the Spirit on the Lord's day, and I heard behind me a loud voice, as of a trumpet" ^22.18 I testify to everyone who hears the words of the prophecy of this book, if anyone adds to them, may God add to him the plagues which are written in this book.'" None

16. New Testament, Colossians, 2.12 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Bible, ekphrasis • ekphrasis, • ekphrasis, inscriptions disseminating biblical narratives

Found in books: Ayres Champion and Crawford (2023), The Intellectual World of Late Antique Christianity: Reshaping Classical Traditions. 315; Robbins et al. (2017), The Art of Visual Exegesis, 76

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2.12 συνταφέντες αὐτῷ ἐν τῷ βαπτίσματι, ἐν ᾧ καὶ συνηγέρθητε διὰ τῆς πίστεως τῆς ἐνεργείας τοῦ θεοῦ τοῦ ἐγείραντος αὐτὸν ἐκ νεκρῶν·'' None

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2.12 having been buried with him in baptism, in which you were also raised with him through faith in the working of God, who raised him from the dead. '' None

17. New Testament, Galatians, 3.1 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • ecphrasis (ecphrastic performance) • ekphrasis,

Found in books: Johnson Dupertuis and Shea (2018), Reading and Teaching Ancient Fiction : Jewish, Christian, and Greco-Roman Narratives 186; Robbins et al. (2017), The Art of Visual Exegesis, 3, 199, 236

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3.1 Ὦ ἀνόητοι Γαλάται, τίς ὑμᾶς ἐβάσκανεν, οἷς κατʼ ὀφθαλμοὺς Ἰησοῦς Χριστὸς προεγράφη ἐσταυρωμένος;'' None

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3.1 Foolish Galatians, who has bewitched you not to obey thetruth, before whose eyes Jesus Christ was openly set forth among you as crucified? '' None

18. Quintilian, Institutes of Oratory, 6.2.29-6.2.30, 6.2.32, 6.2.34, 8.3.62-8.3.72, 9.2.40 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Orpheus,, ekphrasis and • ecphrasis • ekphrasis • ekphrasis, • ekphrasis,, Quintilian on • ekphrasis,, in Catullus • ekphrasis,, in Metamorphoses • ekphrasis,, in Theocritus • ekphrasis,, literary arts excluded from traditional use of • ekphrasis,, narrative breaks or pauses as characteristic of • ekphrasis,, nonvisual arts and • ekphrasis,, “performative ekphrasis,” • landscape,, as ekphrastic • weaving, ekphrasis and

Found in books: Johnson (2008), Ovid before Exile: Art and Punishment in the Metamorphoses, 33, 34, 37; Ker and Wessels (2020), The Values of Nighttime in Classical Antiquity: Between Dusk and Dawn, 276, 285; MacDougall (2022), Philosophy at the Festival: The Festal Orations of Gregory of Nazianzus and the Classical Tradition. 135; Robbins et al. (2017), The Art of Visual Exegesis, 177, 178; Van Nuffelen (2012), Orosius and the Rhetoric of History, 22, 28, 120, 121

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6.2.29 \xa0But how are we to generate these emotions in ourselves, since emotion is not in our own power? I\xa0will try to explain as best I\xa0may. There are certain experiences which the Greeks call Ï\x86Î±Î½Ï\x84Î±Ï\x83Î¯Î±Î¹, and the Romans visions, whereby things absent are presented to our imagination with such extreme vividness that they seem actually to be before our very eyes. ^6.2.30 \xa0It is the man who is really sensitive to such impressions who will have the greatest power over the emotions. Some writers describe the possessor of this power of vivid imagination, whereby things, words and actions are presented in the most realistic manner, by the Greek word Îµá½\x90Ï\x86Î±Î½Ï\x84Î±Ï\x83Î¯Ï\x89Ï\x84Î¿Ï\x82; and it is a power which all may readily acquire if they will. When the mind is unoccupied or is absorbed by fantastic hopes or day-dreams, we are haunted by these visions of which I\xa0am speaking to such an extent that we imagine that we are travelling abroad, crossing the sea, fighting, addressing the people, or enjoying the use of wealth that we do not actually possess, and seem to ourselves not to be dreaming but acting. Surely, then, it may be possible to turn this form of hallucination to some profit. ^6.2.32 \xa0From such impressions arises that á¼\x90Î½Î¬Ï\x81Î³ÎµÎ¹Î± which Cicero calls illumination and actuality, which makes us seem not so much to narrate as to exhibit the actual scene, while our emotions will be no less actively stirred than if we were present at the actual occurrence. Is it not from visions such as these that Vergil was inspired to write\xa0â\x80\x94 "Sudden her fingers let the shuttle fall And all the thread was spilled," ^6.2.34 \xa0Again, when we desire to awaken pity, we must actually believe that the ills of which we complain have befallen our own selves, and must persuade our minds that this is really the case. We must identify ourselves with the persons of whom we complain that they have suffered grievous, unmerited and bitter misfortune, and must plead their case and for a brief space feel their suffering as though it were our own, while our words must be such as we should use if we stood in their shoes. ^8.3.62 \xa0It is a great gift to be able to set forth the facts on which we are speaking clearly and vividly. For oratory fails of its full effect, and does not assert itself as it should, if its appeal is merely to the hearing, and if the judge merely feels that the facts on which he has to give his decision are being narrated to him, and not displayed in their living truth to the eyes of the mind. ^8.3.63 \xa0But since different views have been held with regard to this art of representation, I\xa0shall not attempt to divide it into all its different departments, whose number is ostentatiously multiplied by certain writers, but shall content myself with touching on those which appear to me to be absolutely necessary. There is, then, to begin with, one form of vividness which consists in giving an actual word-picture of a scene, as in the passage beginning, "Forthwith each hero tiptoe stood erect." Other details follow which give us such a picture of the two boxers confronting each other for the fight, that it could not have been clearer had we been actual spectators. ^8.3.64 \xa0Cicero is supreme in this department, as in others. Is there anybody so incapable of forming a mental picture of a scene that, when he reads the following passage from the Verrines, he does not seem not merely to see the actors in the scene, the place itself and their very dress, but even to imagine to himself other details that the orator does not describe? "There on the shore stood the praetor, the representative of the Roman people, with slippered feet, robed in a purple cloak, a tunic streaming to his heels, and leaning on the arm of this worthless woman." ^8.3.65 \xa0For my own part, I\xa0seem to see before my eyes his face, his eyes, the unseemly blandishments of himself and his paramour, the silent loathing and frightened shame of those who viewed this scene. ^8.3.66 \xa0At times, again, the picture which we endeavour to present is fuller in detail, as, for example, in the following description of a luxurious banquet, which is also from Cicero, since he by himself is capable of supplying admirable examples of every kind of oratorical ornament: "I\xa0seemed to see some entering, some leaving the room, some reeling under the influence of the wine, others yawning with yesterday\'s potations. The floor was foul with wine-smears, covered with wreaths half-withered and littered with fishbones." ^8.3.67 \xa0What more would any man have seen who had actually entered the room? So, too, we may move our hearers to tears by the picture of a captured town. For the mere statement that the town was stormed, while no doubt it embraces all that such a calamity involves, has all the curtness of a dispatch, and fails to penetrate to the emotions of the hearer. ^8.3.68 \xa0But if we expand all that the one word "stormed" includes, we shall see the flames pouring from house and temple, and hear the crash of falling roofs and one confused clamour blent of many cries: we shall behold some in doubt whither to fly, others clinging to their nearest and dearest in one last embrace, while the wailing of women and children and the laments of old men that the cruelty of fate should have spared them to see that day will strike upon our ears. ^8.3.69 \xa0Then will come the pillage of treasure sacred and profane, the hurrying to and fro of the plunderers as they carry off their booty or return to seek for more, the prisoners driven each before his own inhuman captor, the mother struggling to keep her child, and the victors fighting over the richest of the spoil. For though, as I\xa0have already said, the sack of a city includes all these things, it is less effective to tell the whole news at once than to recount it detail by detail. ^8.3.70 \xa0And we shall secure the vividness we seek, if only our descriptions give the impression of truth, nay, we may even add fictitious incidents of the type which commonly occur. The same vivid impression may be produced also by the mention of the accidents of each situation: "Chill shudderings shake my limbs And all my blood is curdled cold with fear;" or "And trembling mothers clasped Their children to their breast." ^8.3.71 Though the attainment of such effects is, in my opinion, the highest of all oratorical gifts, it is far from difficult of attainment. Fix your eyes on nature and follow her. All eloquence is concerned with the activities of life, while every man applies to himself what he hears from others, and the mind is always readiest to accept what it recognises to be true to nature. ^8.3.72 The invention of similes has also provided an admirable means of illuminating our descriptions. Some of these are designed for insertion among our arguments to help our proof, while others are devised to make our pictures yet more vivid; it is with this latter class of simile that I\xa0am now specially concerned. The following are good examples:â\x80\x94 "Thence like fierce wolves beneath the cloud of night," or "Like the bird that flies Around the shore and the fish-haunted reef, Skimming the deep." ^9.2.40 \xa0With regard to the figure which Cicero calls ocular demonstration, this comes into play when we do not restrict ourselves to mentioning that something was done, but proceed to show how it was done, and do so not merely on broad general lines, but in full detail. In the last book I\xa0classified this figure under the head of vivid illustration, while Celsus actually terms it by this name. Others give the name of á½\x91Ï\x80Î¿Ï\x84Ï\x8dÏ\x80Î¿Ï\x83Î¹Ï\x82 to any representation of facts which is made in such vivid language that they appeal to the eye rather than the ear. The following will show what I\xa0mean: "He came into the forum on fire with criminal madness: his eyes blazed and cruelty was written in every feature of his countece."'' None

19. Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, 6.2.29, 8.3.62, 12.10.3-12.10.6, 12.10.9 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Orpheus,, ekphrasis and • Vergil, and ekphrasis • ekphrasis • ekphrasis, • ekphrasis, in Petronius’ Satyrica • ekphrasis,, Quintilian on • ekphrasis,, in Catullus • ekphrasis,, in Metamorphoses • ekphrasis,, in Theocritus • ekphrasis,, literary arts excluded from traditional use of • ekphrasis,, narrative breaks or pauses as characteristic of • ekphrasis,, nonvisual arts and • ekphrasis,, “performative ekphrasis,” • landscape,, as ekphrastic • satire, Roman, and ekphrasis • weaving, ekphrasis and

Found in books: Elsner (2007), Roman Eyes: Visuality and Subjectivity in Art and Text, 183, 186, 187; Johnson (2008), Ovid before Exile: Art and Punishment in the Metamorphoses, 33, 34, 37; Robbins et al. (2017), The Art of Visual Exegesis, 177; Rutledge (2012), Ancient Rome as a Museum: Power, Identity, and the Culture of Collecting, 90

20. None, None, nan (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Ekphrasis • ekphrasis

Found in books: Laemmle (2021), Lists and Catalogues in Ancient Literature and Beyond: Towards a Poetics of Enumeration, 232; Mcclellan (2019), Paulinus Noster: Self and Symbols in the Letters of Paulinus of Nola, 244; de Bakker, van den Berg, and Klooster (2022), Emotions and Narrative in Ancient Literature and Beyond, 575, 577, 578

21. None, None, nan (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Pythagoreans, ekphrasis • ekphrasis • ekphrasis, • ekphrasis, Eusebius on Constantine’s building projects as

Found in books: Ayres Champion and Crawford (2023), The Intellectual World of Late Antique Christianity: Reshaping Classical Traditions. 501; Robbins et al. (2017), The Art of Visual Exegesis, 177, 256

22. None, None, nan (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • ekphrasis, • ekphrasis, in Petronius’ Satyrica • satire, Roman, and ekphrasis

Found in books: Elsner (2007), Roman Eyes: Visuality and Subjectivity in Art and Text, 186, 187; Robbins et al. (2017), The Art of Visual Exegesis, 179

23. None, None, nan (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • ecphrasis • ekphrasis • ekphrasis, and decadence • ekphrasis, in Petronius’ Satyrica • satire, Roman, and ekphrasis

Found in books: Beck (2021), Repetition, Communication, and Meaning in the Ancient World, 292; Elsner (2007), Roman Eyes: Visuality and Subjectivity in Art and Text, 185, 193, 194; Rohland (2022), Carpe Diem: The Poetics of Presence in Greek and Latin Literature, 181

24. None, None, nan (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • ecphrasis • ekphrasis • ekphrasis, and decadence • ekphrasis, in Catullus • ekphrasis, in Petronius’ Satyrica • satire, Roman, and ekphrasis

Found in books: Edmondson (2008), Roman Dress and the Fabrics of Roman Culture, 236; Elsner (2007), Roman Eyes: Visuality and Subjectivity in Art and Text, 64, 182, 193; Pandey (2018), The Poetics of Power in Augustan Rome, 98, 99; Rohland (2022), Carpe Diem: The Poetics of Presence in Greek and Latin Literature, 161, 162

25. None, None, nan (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Ekphrasis • ekphrasis

Found in books: Repath and Whitmarsh (2022), Reading Heliodorus' Aethiopica, 11; de Bakker, van den Berg, and Klooster (2022), Emotions and Narrative in Ancient Literature and Beyond, 176

26. Apuleius, The Golden Ass, 2.4, 11.17 (2nd cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Dyrrhachium, ecphrasis • ekphrasis • ekphrasis, in Golden Ass • ekphrasis/ecphrasis, Encolpius, of compared to Aeneas

Found in books: Borg (2008), Paideia: the World of the Second Sophistic: The World of the Second Sophistic, 122; Elsner (2007), Roman Eyes: Visuality and Subjectivity in Art and Text, 291, 292, 293; MacDougall (2022), Philosophy at the Festival: The Festal Orations of Gregory of Nazianzus and the Classical Tradition. 25; Pinheiro Bierl and Beck (2013), Anton Bierl? and Roger Beck?, Intende, Lector - Echoes of Myth, Religion and Ritual in the Ancient Novel, 243

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11.17 When we had come to the temple, the great priest and those who were assigned to carry the divine images (but especially those who had long been worshippers of the religion) went into the secret chamber of the goddess where they placed the images in order. This done, one of the company, who was a scribe or interpreter of letters, in the manner of a preacher stood up on a chair before the holy college and began to read out of a book. He began pronounce benedictions upon the great emperor, the senate, the knights, and generally to all the Roman people, and to all who are under the jurisdiction of Rome. These words following signified the end of their divine service and that it was lawful for every man to depart. Whereupon all the people gave a great shout and, filled with much joy, bore all kind of herbs and garlands of flowers home to their houses, kissing and embracing the steps where the goddess had passed. However, I could not do as the rest did, for my mind would not allow me to depart one foot away. This was how eager I was to behold the beauty of the goddess, remembering the great misery I had endured.' ' None

27. Lucian, Hermotimus, Or Sects, 2 (2nd cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • ecphrasis • ekphrasis

Found in books: Maciver (2012), Quintus Smyrnaeus' Posthomerica: Engaging Homer in Late Antiquity, 72, 73; Verhelst and Scheijnens (2022), Greek and Latin Poetry of Late Antiquity: Form, Tradition, and Context, 156

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2 Ly . A glorious prize, indeed! however, you cannot be far off it now, if one may judge by the time you have given to philosophy, and the extraordinary vigour of your long pursuit. For twenty years now, I should say, I have watched you perpetually going to your professors, generally bent over a book taking notes of past lectures, pale with thought and emaciated in body. I suspect you find no release even in your dreams, you are so wrapped up in the thing. With all this you must surely get hold of Happiness soon, if indeed you have not found it long ago without telling us.Her . Alas, Lycinus, I am only just beginning to get an inkling of the right way. Very far off dwells Virtue, as Hesiod says, and long and steep and rough is the way thither, and travellers must bedew it with sweat.Ly . And you have not yet sweated and travelled enough?Her . Surely not; else should I have been on the summit, with nothing left between me and bliss; but I am only starting yet, Lycinus.'' None

28. Lucian, Essays In Portraiture, 9 (2nd cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • ecphrasis

Found in books: Konig and Wiater (2022), Late Hellenistic Greek Literature in Dialogue, 117; König and Wiater (2022), Late Hellenistic Greek Literature in Dialogue, 117

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9 So far we may trust our sculptors and painters and poets: but for her crowning glory, for the grace —nay, the choir of Graces and Loves that encircle her — who shall portray them?Poly. This was no earthly vision, Lycinus; surely she must have dropped from the clouds.— And what was she doing?Ly. In her hands was an open scroll; half read (so I surmised) and half to be read. As she passed, she was making some remark to one of her company; what it was I did not catch. But when she smiled, ah! then, Polystratus, I beheld teeth whose whiteness, whose unbroken regularity, who shall describe? Imagine a lovely necklace of gleaming pearls, all of asize; and imagine those dazzling rows set off by ruby lips. In that glimpse, I realized what Homer meant by his ‘carven ivory.’ Other women’s teeth differ in size; or they project; or there are gaps: here, all was equality and evenness; pearl joined to pearl in unbroken line. Oh, ’twas a wondrous sight, of beauty more than human.'' None

29. Pliny The Younger, Letters, 5.6, 5.6.43-5.6.44 (2nd cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Ekphrasis • conversion, Greek ecphrasis • ecphrasis • ecphrasis, and thauma • ecphrasis, experience of reader vs. eye-witness • ecphrasis, in Byzantine Christianity • ecphrasis, in epic • ecphrasis, length of • ecphrasis, prose • ekphrasis • epic, ecphrasis in • reader engagement, with Christian ecphrasis • reader engagement, with epic ecphrasis • scale, of ecphrasis • temporality, of ecphrasis • thauma (wonder), ecphrasis and

Found in books: Faure (2022), Conceptions of Time in Greek and Roman Antiquity, 121; Goldhill (2020), Preposterous Poetics: The Politics and Aesthetics of Form in Late Antiquity, 18, 19, 20, 21; König and Whitton (2018), Roman Literature under Nerva, Trajan and Hadrian: Literary Interactions, AD 96–138 221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227

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5.6.44 To Domitius Apollinaris. I was charmed with the kind consideration which led you, when you heard that I was about to visit my Tuscan villa in the summer, to advise me not to do so during the season when you consider the district unhealthy. Undoubtedly, the region along the Tuscan coast is trying and dangerous to the health, but my property lies well back from the sea; indeed, it is just under the Apennines, which are the healthiest of our mountain ranges. However, that you may not have the slightest anxiety on my account, let me tell you all about the climatic conditions, the lie of the land, and the charms of my villa. It will be as pleasant reading for you as it is pleasant writing for me. In winter the air is cold and frosty The contour of the district is most beautiful. Picture to yourself an immense amphitheatre, such as only Nature can create, with a wide-spreading plain ringed with hills, and the summits of the hills themselves covered with tall and ancient forests. There is plentiful and varied hunting to be had. Down the mountain slopes there are stretches of timber woods, and among these are rich, deep-soiled hillocks - where if you look for a stone you will have hard work to find one - which are just as fertile as the most level plains, and ripen just as rich harvests, though later in the season. Below these, along the whole hillsides, stretch the vineyards which present an unbroken line far and wide, on the borders and lowest level of which comes a fringe of trees. Then you reach the meadows and the fields - fields which only the most powerful oxen and the stoutest ploughs can turn. The soil is so tough and composed of such thick clods that when it is first broken up it has to be furrowed nine times before it is subdued. The meadows are jewelled with flowers, and produce trefoil and other herbs, always tender and soft, and looking as though they were always fresh. For all parts are well nourished by never-failing streams, and even where there is most water there are no swamps, for the slope of the land drains off into the Tiber all the moisture that it receives and cannot itself absorb. The Tiber runs through the middle of the plain; it is navigable for ships, and all the grain is carried downstream to the city, at least in winter and spring. In summer the volume of water dwindles away, leaving but the name of a great river to the dried-up bed, but in the autumn it recovers its flood. You would be delighted if you could obtain a view of the district from the mountain height, for you would think you were looking not so much at earth and fields as at a beautiful landscape picture of wonderful loveliness. Such is the variety, such the arrangement of the scene, that wherever the eyes fall they are sure to be refreshed. My villa, though it lies at the foot of the hill, enjoys as fine a prospect as though it stood on the summit; the ascent is so gentle and easy, and the gradient so unnoticeable, that you find yourself at the top without feeling that you are ascending. The Apennines lie behind it, but at a considerable distance, and even on a cloudless and still day it gets a breeze from this range, never boisterous and rough, for its strength is broken and lost in the distance it has to travel. Most of the house faces south; in summer it gets the sun from the sixth hour, and in winter considerably earlier, inviting it as it were into the portico, which is broad and long to correspond, and contains a number of apartments and an old-fashioned hall. In front, there is a terrace laid out in different patterns and bounded with an edging of box; then comes a sloping ridge with figures of animals on both sides cut out of the box-trees, while on the level ground stands an acanthus-tree, with leaves so soft that I might almost call them liquid. Round this is a walk bordered by evergreens pressed and trimmed into various shapes; then comes an exercise ground, round like a circus, which surrounds the box-trees that are cut into different forms, and the dwarf shrubs that are kept clipped. Everything is protected by an enclosure, which is hidden and withdrawn from sight by the tiers of box-trees. Beyond is a meadow, as well worth seeing for its natural charm as the features just described are for their artificial beauty, and beyond that there stretches an expanse of fields and a number of other meadows and thickets. At the head of the portico there runs out the dining-room, from the doors of which can be seen the end of the terrace with the meadow and a good expanse of country beyond it, while from the windows the view on the one hand commands one side of the terrace and the part of the villa which juts out, and on the other the grove and foliage of the adjoining riding-school. Almost opposite to the middle of the portico is a summer-house standing back a little, with a small open space in the middle shaded by four plane-trees. Among them is a marble fountain, from which the water plays upon and lightly sprinkles the roots of the plane-trees and the grass plot beneath them. In this summer-house there is a bed-chamber which excludes all light, noise, and sound, and adjoining it is a dining-room for my friends, which faces upon the small court and the other portico, and commands the view enjoyed by the latter. There is another bed-chamber, which is leafy and shaded by the nearest plane-tree and built of marble up to the balcony; above is a picture of a tree with birds perched in the branches equally beautiful with the marble. Here there is a small fountain with a basin around the latter, and the water runs into it from a number of small pipes, which produce a most agreeable sound. In the corner of the portico is a spacious bed-chamber leading out of the dining-room, some of its windows looking out upon the terrace, others upon the meadow, while the windows in front face the fish-pond which lies just beneath them, and is pleasant both to eye and ear, as the water falls from a considerable elevation and glistens white as it is caught in the marble basin. This bed-chamber is beautifully warm even in winter, for it is flooded with an abundance of sunshine. The heating chamber for the bath adjoins it, and on a cloudy day we turn in steam to take the place of the sun's warmth. Next comes a roomy and cheerful undressing room for the bath, from which you pass into a cool chamber containing a large and shady swimming bath. If you prefer more room or warmer water to swim in, there is a pond in the court with a well adjoining it, from which you can make the water colder when you are tired of the warm. Adjoining the cold bath is one of medium warmth, for the sun shines lavishly upon it, but not so much as upon the hot bath which is built farther out. There are three sets of steps leading to it, two exposed to the sun, and the third out of the sun though quite as light. Above the dressing-room is a ball court where various kinds of exercise can be taken, and a number of games can be played at once. Not far from the bath-room is a staircase leading to a covered passage, at the head of which are three rooms, one looking out upon the courtyard with the four plane-trees, the second upon the meadow, and the third upon the vineyards, so each therefore enjoys a different view. At the end of the passage is a bed-chamber constructed out of the passage itself, which looks out upon the riding-course, the vineyards, and the mountains. Connected with it is another bed-chamber open to the sun, and especially so in winter time. Leading out of this is an apartment which adjoins the riding-course of the villa. Such is the appearance and the use to which the front of my house is put. At the side is a raised covered gallery, which seems not so much to look out upon the vineyards as to touch them; in the middle is a dining-room which gets the invigorating breezes from the valleys of the Apennines, while at the other side, through the spacious windows and the folding doors, you seem to be close upon the vineyards again with the gallery between. On the side of the room where there are no windows is a private winding staircase by which the servants bring up the requisites for a meal. At the end of the gallery is a bed-chamber, and the gallery itself affords as pleasant a prospect from there as the vineyards. Underneath runs a sort of subterranean gallery, which in summer time remains perfectly cool, and as it has sufficient air within it, it neither admits any from without nor needs any. Next to both these galleries the portico commences where the dining-room ends, and this is cold before mid-day, and summery when the sun has reached his zenith. This gives the approach to two apartments, one of which contains four beds and the other three, and they are bathed in sunshine or steeped in shadow, according to the position of the sun. But though the arrangements of the house itself are charming, they are far and away surpassed by the riding-course. It is quite open in the centre, and the moment you enter your eye ranges over the whole of it. Around its borders are plane-trees clothed with ivy, and so while the foliage at the top belongs to the trees themselves, that on the lower parts belongs to the ivy, which creeps along the trunk and branches, and spreading across to the neighbouring trees, joins them together. Between the plane-trees are box shrubs, and on the farther side of the shrubs is a ring of laurels which mingle their shade with that of the plane-trees. At the far end, the straight boundary of the riding-course is curved into semi-circular form, which quite changes its appearance. It is enclosed and covered with cypress-trees, the deeper shade of which makes it darker and gloomier than at the sides, but the inner circles - for there are more than one - are quite open to the sunshine. Even roses grow there, and the warmth of the sun is delightful as a change from the cool of the shade. When you come to the end of these various winding alleys, the boundary again runs straight, or should I say boundaries, for there are a number of paths with box shrubs between them. In places there are grass plots intervening, in others box shrubs, which are trimmed to a great variety of patterns, some of them being cut into letters forming my name as owner and that of the gardener. Here and there are small pyramids and apple-trees, and now and then in the midst of all this graceful artificial work you suddenly come upon what looks like a real bit of the country planted there. The intervening space is beautified on both sides with dwarf plane-trees; beyond these is the acanthus-tree that is supple and flexible to the hand, and there are more boxwood figures and names. At the upper end is a couch of white marble covered with a vine, the latter being supported by four small pillars of Carystian marble. Jets of water flow from the couch through small pipes and look as if they were forced out by the weight of persons reclining thereon, and the water is caught in a stone cistern and then retained in a graceful marble basin, regulated by pipes out of sight, so that the basin, while always full, never overflows. The heavier dishes and plates are placed at the side of the basin when I dine there, but the lighter ones, formed into the shapes of little boats and birds, float on the surface and travel round and round. Facing this is a fountain which receives back the water it expels, for the water is thrown up to a considerable height and then falls down again, and the pipes that perform the two processes are connected. Directly opposite the couch is a bed-chamber, and each lends a grace to the other. It is formed of glistening marble, and through the projecting folding doors you pass at once among the foliage, while both from the upper and lower windows you look out upon the same green picture. Within is a little cabinet which seems to belong at once to the same and yet another bed-chamber. This contains a bed and it has windows on every side, yet the shade is so thick outside that very little light enters, for a wonderfully luxuriant vine has climbed up to the roof and covers the whole building. You can fancy you are in a grove as you lie there, only that you do not feel the rain as you do among trees. Here too a fountain rises and immediately loses itself underground. There are a number of marble chairs placed up and down, which are as restful for persons tired with walking as the bed-chamber itself. Near these chairs are little fountains, and throughout the whole riding-course you hear the murmur of tiny streams carried through pipes, which run wherever you please to direct them. These are used to water the shrubs, sometimes in one part, sometimes in another, and at other times all are watered together. I should long since have been afraid of boring you, had I not set out in this letter to take you with me round every corner of my estate. For I am not at all apprehensive that you will find it tedious to read about a place which certainly would not tire you to look at, especially as you can get a little rest whenever you desire, and can sit down, so to speak, by laying down the letter. Moreover, I have been indulging my affection for the place, for I am greatly attached to anything that is mainly the work of my own hands or that someone else has begun and I have taken up. In short - for there is no reason is there? why I should not be frank with you, whether my judgments are sound or unsound - I consider that it is the first duty of a writer to select the title of his work and constantly ask himself what he has begun to write about. He may be sure that so long as he keeps to his subject-matter he will not be tedious, but that he will bore his readers to distraction if he starts dragging in extraneous matter to make weight. Observe the length with which Homer describes the arms of Achilles, and Virgil the arms of Aeneas - yet in both cases the description seems short, because the author only carries out what he intended to. Observe how Aratus hunts up and brings together even the tiniest stars - yet he does not exceed due limits. For his description is not an excursus, but the end and aim of the whole work. It is the same with myself, if I may compare my lowly efforts with their great ones. I have been trying to give you a bird's eye view of the whole of my villa, and if I have introduced no extraneous matter and have never wandered off my subject, it is not the letter containing the description which is to be considered of excessive size, but rather the villa which has been described. However, let me get back to the point I started from, lest I give you an opportunity of justly condemning me by my own law, by not pursuing this digression any farther. I have explained to you why I prefer my Tuscan house to my other places at Tusculum, Tibur and Praeneste. For in addition to all the beauties I have described above, my repose here is more profound and more comfortable, and therefore all the freer from anxiety. There is no necessity to don the toga, no neighbour ever calls to drag me out; everything is placid and quiet; and this peace adds to the healthiness of the place, by giving it, so to speak, a purer sky and a more liquid air. I enjoy better health both in mind and body here than anywhere else, for I exercise the former by study and the latter by hunting. Besides, there is no place where my household keep in better trim, and up to the present I have not lost a single one of all whom I brought with me. I hope Heaven will forgive the boast, and that the gods will continue my happiness to me and preserve this place in all its beauty. Farewell. "^5.6 To Domitius Apollinaris. I was charmed with the kind consideration which led you, when you heard that I was about to visit my Tuscan villa in the summer, to advise me not to do so during the season when you consider the district unhealthy. Undoubtedly, the region along the Tuscan coast is trying and dangerous to the health, but my property lies well back from the sea; indeed, it is just under the Apennines, which are the healthiest of our mountain ranges. However, that you may not have the slightest anxiety on my account, let me tell you all about the climatic conditions, the lie of the land, and the charms of my villa. It will be as pleasant reading for you as it is pleasant writing for me. In winter the air is cold and frosty The contour of the district is most beautiful. Picture to yourself an immense amphitheatre, such as only Nature can create, with a wide-spreading plain ringed with hills, and the summits of the hills themselves covered with tall and ancient forests. There is plentiful and varied hunting to be had. Down the mountain slopes there are stretches of timber woods, and among these are rich, deep-soiled hillocks - where if you look for a stone you will have hard work to find one - which are just as fertile as the most level plains, and ripen just as rich harvests, though later in the season. Below these, along the whole hillsides, stretch the vineyards which present an unbroken line far and wide, on the borders and lowest level of which comes a fringe of trees. Then you reach the meadows and the fields - fields which only the most powerful oxen and the stoutest ploughs can turn. The soil is so tough and composed of such thick clods that when it is first broken up it has to be furrowed nine times before it is subdued. The meadows are jewelled with flowers, and produce trefoil and other herbs, always tender and soft, and looking as though they were always fresh. For all parts are well nourished by never-failing streams, and even where there is most water there are no swamps, for the slope of the land drains off into the Tiber all the moisture that it receives and cannot itself absorb. The Tiber runs through the middle of the plain; it is navigable for ships, and all the grain is carried downstream to the city, at least in winter and spring. In summer the volume of water dwindles away, leaving but the name of a great river to the dried-up bed, but in the autumn it recovers its flood. You would be delighted if you could obtain a view of the district from the mountain height, for you would think you were looking not so much at earth and fields as at a beautiful landscape picture of wonderful loveliness. Such is the variety, such the arrangement of the scene, that wherever the eyes fall they are sure to be refreshed. My villa, though it lies at the foot of the hill, enjoys as fine a prospect as though it stood on the summit; the ascent is so gentle and easy, and the gradient so unnoticeable, that you find yourself at the top without feeling that you are ascending. The Apennines lie behind it, but at a considerable distance, and even on a cloudless and still day it gets a breeze from this range, never boisterous and rough, for its strength is broken and lost in the distance it has to travel. Most of the house faces south; in summer it gets the sun from the sixth hour, and in winter considerably earlier, inviting it as it were into the portico, which is broad and long to correspond, and contains a number of apartments and an old-fashioned hall. In front, there is a terrace laid out in different patterns and bounded with an edging of box; then comes a sloping ridge with figures of animals on both sides cut out of the box-trees, while on the level ground stands an acanthus-tree, with leaves so soft that I might almost call them liquid. Round this is a walk bordered by evergreens pressed and trimmed into various shapes; then comes an exercise ground, round like a circus, which surrounds the box-trees that are cut into different forms, and the dwarf shrubs that are kept clipped. Everything is protected by an enclosure, which is hidden and withdrawn from sight by the tiers of box-trees. Beyond is a meadow, as well worth seeing for its natural charm as the features just described are for their artificial beauty, and beyond that there stretches an expanse of fields and a number of other meadows and thickets. At the head of the portico there runs out the dining-room, from the doors of which can be seen the end of the terrace with the meadow and a good expanse of country beyond it, while from the windows the view on the one hand commands one side of the terrace and the part of the villa which juts out, and on the other the grove and foliage of the adjoining riding-school. Almost opposite to the middle of the portico is a summer-house standing back a little, with a small open space in the middle shaded by four plane-trees. Among them is a marble fountain, from which the water plays upon and lightly sprinkles the roots of the plane-trees and the grass plot beneath them. In this summer-house there is a bed-chamber which excludes all light, noise, and sound, and adjoining it is a dining-room for my friends, which faces upon the small court and the other portico, and commands the view enjoyed by the latter. There is another bed-chamber, which is leafy and shaded by the nearest plane-tree and built of marble up to the balcony; above is a picture of a tree with birds perched in the branches equally beautiful with the marble. Here there is a small fountain with a basin around the latter, and the water runs into it from a number of small pipes, which produce a most agreeable sound. In the corner of the portico is a spacious bed-chamber leading out of the dining-room, some of its windows looking out upon the terrace, others upon the meadow, while the windows in front face the fish-pond which lies just beneath them, and is pleasant both to eye and ear, as the water falls from a considerable elevation and glistens white as it is caught in the marble basin. This bed-chamber is beautifully warm even in winter, for it is flooded with an abundance of sunshine. The heating chamber for the bath adjoins it, and on a cloudy day we turn in steam to take the place of the sun's warmth. Next comes a roomy and cheerful undressing room for the bath, from which you pass into a cool chamber containing a large and shady swimming bath. If you prefer more room or warmer water to swim in, there is a pond in the court with a well adjoining it, from which you can make the water colder when you are tired of the warm. Adjoining the cold bath is one of medium warmth, for the sun shines lavishly upon it, but not so much as upon the hot bath which is built farther out. There are three sets of steps leading to it, two exposed to the sun, and the third out of the sun though quite as light. Above the dressing-room is a ball court where various kinds of exercise can be taken, and a number of games can be played at once. Not far from the bath-room is a staircase leading to a covered passage, at the head of which are three rooms, one looking out upon the courtyard with the four plane-trees, the second upon the meadow, and the third upon the vineyards, so each therefore enjoys a different view. At the end of the passage is a bed-chamber constructed out of the passage itself, which looks out upon the riding-course, the vineyards, and the mountains. Connected with it is another bed-chamber open to the sun, and especially so in winter time. Leading out of this is an apartment which adjoins the riding-course of the villa. Such is the appearance and the use to which the front of my house is put. At the side is a raised covered gallery, which seems not so much to look out upon the vineyards as to touch them; in the middle is a dining-room which gets the invigorating breezes from the valleys of the Apennines, while at the other side, through the spacious windows and the folding doors, you seem to be close upon the vineyards again with the gallery between. On the side of the room where there are no windows is a private winding staircase by which the servants bring up the requisites for a meal. At the end of the gallery is a bed-chamber, and the gallery itself affords as pleasant a prospect from there as the vineyards. Underneath runs a sort of subterranean gallery, which in summer time remains perfectly cool, and as it has sufficient air within it, it neither admits any from without nor needs any. Next to both these galleries the portico commences where the dining-room ends, and this is cold before mid-day, and summery when the sun has reached his zenith. This gives the approach to two apartments, one of which contains four beds and the other three, and they are bathed in sunshine or steeped in shadow, according to the position of the sun. But though the arrangements of the house itself are charming, they are far and away surpassed by the riding-course. It is quite open in the centre, and the moment you enter your eye ranges over the whole of it. Around its borders are plane-trees clothed with ivy, and so while the foliage at the top belongs to the trees themselves, that on the lower parts belongs to the ivy, which creeps along the trunk and branches, and spreading across to the neighbouring trees, joins them together. Between the plane-trees are box shrubs, and on the farther side of the shrubs is a ring of laurels which mingle their shade with that of the plane-trees. At the far end, the straight boundary of the riding-course is curved into semi-circular form, which quite changes its appearance. It is enclosed and covered with cypress-trees, the deeper shade of which makes it darker and gloomier than at the sides, but the inner circles - for there are more than one - are quite open to the sunshine. Even roses grow there, and the warmth of the sun is delightful as a change from the cool of the shade. When you come to the end of these various winding alleys, the boundary again runs straight, or should I say boundaries, for there are a number of paths with box shrubs between them. In places there are grass plots intervening, in others box shrubs, which are trimmed to a great variety of patterns, some of them being cut into letters forming my name as owner and that of the gardener. Here and there are small pyramids and apple-trees, and now and then in the midst of all this graceful artificial work you suddenly come upon what looks like a real bit of the country planted there. The intervening space is beautified on both sides with dwarf plane-trees; beyond these is the acanthus-tree that is supple and flexible to the hand, and there are more boxwood figures and names. At the upper end is a couch of white marble covered with a vine, the latter being supported by four small pillars of Carystian marble. Jets of water flow from the couch through small pipes and look as if they were forced out by the weight of persons reclining thereon, and the water is caught in a stone cistern and then retained in a graceful marble basin, regulated by pipes out of sight, so that the basin, while always full, never overflows. The heavier dishes and plates are placed at the side of the basin when I dine there, but the lighter ones, formed into the shapes of little boats and birds, float on the surface and travel round and round. Facing this is a fountain which receives back the water it expels, for the water is thrown up to a considerable height and then falls down again, and the pipes that perform the two processes are connected. Directly opposite the couch is a bed-chamber, and each lends a grace to the other. It is formed of glistening marble, and through the projecting folding doors you pass at once among the foliage, while both from the upper and lower windows you look out upon the same green picture. Within is a little cabinet which seems to belong at once to the same and yet another bed-chamber. This contains a bed and it has windows on every side, yet the shade is so thick outside that very little light enters, for a wonderfully luxuriant vine has climbed up to the roof and covers the whole building. You can fancy you are in a grove as you lie there, only that you do not feel the rain as you do among trees. Here too a fountain rises and immediately loses itself underground. There are a number of marble chairs placed up and down, which are as restful for persons tired with walking as the bed-chamber itself. Near these chairs are little fountains, and throughout the whole riding-course you hear the murmur of tiny streams carried through pipes, which run wherever you please to direct them. These are used to water the shrubs, sometimes in one part, sometimes in another, and at other times all are watered together. I should long since have been afraid of boring you, had I not set out in this letter to take you with me round every corner of my estate. For I am not at all apprehensive that you will find it tedious to read about a place which certainly would not tire you to look at, especially as you can get a little rest whenever you desire, and can sit down, so to speak, by laying down the letter. Moreover, I have been indulging my affection for the place, for I am greatly attached to anything that is mainly the work of my own hands or that someone else has begun and I have taken up. In short - for there is no reason is there? why I should not be frank with you, whether my judgments are sound or unsound - I consider that it is the first duty of a writer to select the title of his work and constantly ask himself what he has begun to write about. He may be sure that so long as he keeps to his subject-matter he will not be tedious, but that he will bore his readers to distraction if he starts dragging in extraneous matter to make weight. Observe the length with which Homer describes the arms of Achilles, and Virgil the arms of Aeneas - yet in both cases the description seems short, because the author only carries out what he intended to. Observe how Aratus hunts up and brings together even the tiniest stars - yet he does not exceed due limits. For his description is not an excursus, but the end and aim of the whole work. It is the same with myself, if I may compare my lowly efforts with their great ones. I have been trying to give you a bird's eye view of the whole of my villa, and if I have introduced no extraneous matter and have never wandered off my subject, it is not the letter containing the description which is to be considered of excessive size, but rather the villa which has been described. However, let me get back to the point I started from, lest I give you an opportunity of justly condemning me by my own law, by not pursuing this digression any farther. I have explained to you why I prefer my Tuscan house to my other places at Tusculum, Tibur and Praeneste. For in addition to all the beauties I have described above, my repose here is more profound and more comfortable, and therefore all the freer from anxiety. There is no necessity to don the toga, no neighbour ever calls to drag me out; everything is placid and quiet; and this peace adds to the healthiness of the place, by giving it, so to speak, a purer sky and a more liquid air. I enjoy better health both in mind and body here than anywhere else, for I exercise the former by study and the latter by hunting. Besides, there is no place where my household keep in better trim, and up to the present I have not lost a single one of all whom I brought with me. I hope Heaven will forgive the boast, and that the gods will continue my happiness to me and preserve this place in all its beauty. Farewell. " "" None

30. None, None, nan (2nd cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Ekphrasis • conversion, Greek ecphrasis • ecphrasis • ecphrasis, in Achilles Tatius • ecphrasis, metafictional statement • ecphrasis, prose • ekphrasis • ekphrasis, in Petronius’ Satyrica • ekphrasis/ecphrasis • ekphrasis/ecphrasis, Aeneas, of • ekphrasis/ecphrasis, Andromeda, of • satire, Roman, and ekphrasis

Found in books: Cueva et al. (2018a), Re-Wiring the Ancient Novel. Volume 1: Greek Novels, 133; Elsner (2007), Roman Eyes: Visuality and Subjectivity in Art and Text, 185, 189; Goldhill (2020), Preposterous Poetics: The Politics and Aesthetics of Form in Late Antiquity, 34; Lipka (2021), Epiphanies and Dreams in Greek Polytheism: Textual Genres and 'Reality' from Homer to Heliodorus, 213; MacDougall (2022), Philosophy at the Festival: The Festal Orations of Gregory of Nazianzus and the Classical Tradition. 42; Pinheiro Bierl and Beck (2013), Anton Bierl? and Roger Beck?, Intende, Lector - Echoes of Myth, Religion and Ritual in the Ancient Novel, 30, 31, 36, 246; Pinheiro et al. (2015), Philosophy and the Ancient Novel, 116; Repath and Whitmarsh (2022), Reading Heliodorus' Aethiopica, 11; de Bakker, van den Berg, and Klooster (2022), Emotions and Narrative in Ancient Literature and Beyond, 176

31. None, None, nan (2nd cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • ecphrasis

Found in books: Konig and Wiater (2022), Late Hellenistic Greek Literature in Dialogue, 117; König and Wiater (2022), Late Hellenistic Greek Literature in Dialogue, 117

32. None, None, nan (2nd cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • ecphrasis • ekphrasis

Found in books: Maciver (2012), Quintus Smyrnaeus' Posthomerica: Engaging Homer in Late Antiquity, 71, 72; Verhelst and Scheijnens (2022), Greek and Latin Poetry of Late Antiquity: Form, Tradition, and Context, 156

33. None, None, nan (2nd cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • ecphrasis • ekphrasis

Found in books: Maciver (2012), Quintus Smyrnaeus' Posthomerica: Engaging Homer in Late Antiquity, 72; Verhelst and Scheijnens (2022), Greek and Latin Poetry of Late Antiquity: Form, Tradition, and Context, 156

34. None, None, nan (2nd cent. CE - missingth cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • ecphrasis

Found in books: Konig and Wiater (2022), Late Hellenistic Greek Literature in Dialogue, 115; König and Wiater (2022), Late Hellenistic Greek Literature in Dialogue, 115

35. None, None, nan (3rd cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • ecphrasis

Found in books: Konig and Wiater (2022), Late Hellenistic Greek Literature in Dialogue, 94, 103, 113; König and Wiater (2022), Late Hellenistic Greek Literature in Dialogue, 94, 103, 113

36. None, None, nan (4th cent. CE - 4th cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Libanius, ekphrasis of a festival • ekphrasis • ekphrasis, of a festival

Found in books: Cosgrove (2022), Music at Social Meals in Greek and Roman Antiquity: From the Archaic Period to the Age of Augustine, 262; MacDougall (2022), Philosophy at the Festival: The Festal Orations of Gregory of Nazianzus and the Classical Tradition. 42, 43

37. None, None, nan (4th cent. CE - 5th cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • ecphrasis

Found in books: Konig and Wiater (2022), Late Hellenistic Greek Literature in Dialogue, 356; König and Wiater (2022), Late Hellenistic Greek Literature in Dialogue, 356

38. None, None, nan (4th cent. CE - 5th cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Ekphrasis • ekphrasis

Found in books: Cain (2016), The Greek Historia Monachorum in Aegypto: Monastic Hagiography in the Late Fourth Century, 141; Van Nuffelen (2012), Orosius and the Rhetoric of History, 28

39. None, None, nan (4th cent. CE - 5th cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • conversion, Latin ecphrasis • ecphrasis • ecphrasis, in Latin Christianity

Found in books: Conybeare (2000), Abused Bodies in Roman Epic, 97, 98, 99; Goldhill (2020), Preposterous Poetics: The Politics and Aesthetics of Form in Late Antiquity, 8

40. None, None, nan (4th cent. CE - 5th cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • ecphrasis • ekphrasis, in Petronius’ Satyrica

Found in books: Burton (2009), Dionysus and Rome: Religion and Literature, 40; Elsner (2007), Roman Eyes: Visuality and Subjectivity in Art and Text, 189

41. Vergil, Aeneis, 1.441-1.495, 1.640-1.642, 5.250-5.257, 6.14-6.41, 6.756-6.818, 6.820-6.892, 7.183-7.191, 8.418-8.420, 8.608-8.731, 10.495-10.506, 12.945-12.946, 12.950, 12.952
Tagged with subjects: • Aeneas, Ecphrasis of the shield of • Ekphrasis • Juno (Hera),, ekphrasis linked to temple of • Vergil, and ekphrasis • Vergil,, ekphrasis as deployed by • audience, ekphrasis and • conversion, Greek ecphrasis • ecphrasis • ecphrasis, and thauma • ecphrasis, in epic • ecphrasis, length of • ecphrasis, prose • ekphrasis • ekphrasis, and decadence • ekphrasis, in Catullus • ekphrasis, in Petronius’ Satyrica • ekphrasis, in Statius’ poetry • ekphrasis,, as creative transformation • ekphrasis,, as literary tradition • ekphrasis,, audience and • ekphrasis,, in Catullus • ekphrasis,, in Homer • ekphrasis,, in Vergil • ekphrasis,, narrative breaks or pauses as characteristic of • ekphrasis,, “performative ekphrasis,” • ekphrastic • epic, ecphrasis in • gaze, in ekphrasis • performative ekphrasis,, defined and described • reader engagement, with epic ecphrasis • satire, Roman, and ekphrasis • scale, of ecphrasis • temporality, of ecphrasis • thauma (wonder), ecphrasis and • transformations, ekphrasis as creative transformation

Found in books: Burton (2009), Dionysus and Rome: Religion and Literature, 40; Conybeare (2000), Abused Bodies in Roman Epic, 97, 98, 99; Crabb (2020), Luke/Acts and the End of History, 84, 279; Edmondson (2008), Roman Dress and the Fabrics of Roman Culture, 208, 212, 236; Elsner (2007), Roman Eyes: Visuality and Subjectivity in Art and Text, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 184, 195; Fabre-Serris et al. (2021), Identities, Ethnicities and Gender in Antiquity, 135; Farrell (2021), Juno's Aeneid: A Battle for Heroic Identity, 165, 288; Faure (2022), Conceptions of Time in Greek and Roman Antiquity, 121, 123, 124, 126, 127, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134; Goldhill (2020), Preposterous Poetics: The Politics and Aesthetics of Form in Late Antiquity, 21, 22, 23; Johnson (2008), Ovid before Exile: Art and Punishment in the Metamorphoses, 23, 28, 29, 31, 91, 130; Keith and Myers (2023), Vergil and Elegy. 280; Ker and Wessels (2020), The Values of Nighttime in Classical Antiquity: Between Dusk and Dawn, 277, 278, 279, 280, 281; König and Whitton (2018), Roman Literature under Nerva, Trajan and Hadrian: Literary Interactions, AD 96–138 225; Laemmle (2021), Lists and Catalogues in Ancient Literature and Beyond: Towards a Poetics of Enumeration, 232; Manolaraki (2012), Noscendi Nilum Cupido: Imagining Egypt from Lucan to Philostratus, 31, 149; Pandey (2018), The Poetics of Power in Augustan Rome, 14, 15, 18, 62, 63, 93, 145, 147, 200, 243; Putnam et al. (2023), The Poetic World of Statius' Silvae, 3, 13, 97, 99, 100, 101, 132; Rutledge (2012), Ancient Rome as a Museum: Power, Identity, and the Culture of Collecting, 90, 112; Xinyue (2022), Politics and Divinization in Augustan Poetry, 98, 158, 159, 168; de Bakker, van den Berg, and Klooster (2022), Emotions and Narrative in Ancient Literature and Beyond, 247, 576, 577

sup>
1.441 Lucus in urbe fuit media, laetissimus umbra, ^1.442 quo primum iactati undis et turbine Poeni ^1.443 effodere loco signum, quod regia Iuno ^1.444 monstrarat, caput acris equi; sic nam fore bello ^1.445 egregiam et facilem victu per saecula gentem. ^1.446 Hic templum Iunoni ingens Sidonia Dido ^1.448 aerea cui gradibus surgebant limina, nexaeque ^1.449 aere trabes, foribus cardo stridebat aenis. ^1.450 Hoc primum in luco nova res oblata timorem ^1.451 leniit, hic primum Aeneas sperare salutem ^1.452 ausus, et adflictis melius confidere rebus. ^1.453 Namque sub ingenti lustrat dum singula templo, ^1.454 reginam opperiens, dum, quae fortuna sit urbi, ^1.455 artificumque manus inter se operumque laborem ^1.456 miratur, videt Iliacas ex ordine pugnas, ^1.457 bellaque iam fama totum volgata per orbem, ^1.458 Atridas, Priamumque, et saevum ambobus Achillem. ^1.459 Constitit, et lacrimans, Quis iam locus inquit Achate, ^1.461 En Priamus! Sunt hic etiam sua praemia laudi; ^1.462 sunt lacrimae rerum et mentem mortalia tangunt. ^1.463 Solve metus; feret haec aliquam tibi fama salutem. ^1.464 Sic ait, atque animum pictura pascit ii, ^1.465 multa gemens, largoque umectat flumine voltum. ^1.466 Namque videbat, uti bellantes Pergama circum ^1.467 hac fugerent Graii, premeret Troiana iuventus, ^1.468 hac Phryges, instaret curru cristatus Achilles. ^1.469 Nec procul hinc Rhesi niveis tentoria velis ^1.470 adgnoscit lacrimans, primo quae prodita somno ^1.471 Tydides multa vastabat caede cruentus, ^1.472 ardentisque avertit equos in castra, prius quam ^1.473 pabula gustassent Troiae Xanthumque bibissent. ^1.474 Parte alia fugiens amissis Troilus armis, ^1.475 infelix puer atque impar congressus Achilli, ^1.476 fertur equis, curruque haeret resupinus ii, ^1.477 lora tenens tamen; huic cervixque comaeque trahuntur ^1.478 per terram, et versa pulvis inscribitur hasta. ^1.479 Interea ad templum non aequae Palladis ibant ^1.480 crinibus Iliades passis peplumque ferebant, ^1.481 suppliciter tristes et tunsae pectora palmis; ^1.482 diva solo fixos oculos aversa tenebat. ^1.483 Ter circum Iliacos raptaverat Hectora muros, ^1.484 exanimumque auro corpus vendebat Achilles. ^1.485 Tum vero ingentem gemitum dat pectore ab imo, ^1.486 ut spolia, ut currus, utque ipsum corpus amici, ^1.487 tendentemque manus Priamum conspexit inermis. ^1.488 Se quoque principibus permixtum adgnovit Achivis, ^1.489 Eoasque acies et nigri Memnonis arma. ^1.490 Ducit Amazonidum lunatis agmina peltis ^1.491 Penthesilea furens, mediisque in milibus ardet, ^1.492 aurea subnectens exsertae cingula mammae, ^1.493 bellatrix, audetque viris concurrere virgo. ^1.494 Haec dum Dardanio Aeneae miranda videntur, ^1.495 dum stupet, obtutuque haeret defixus in uno, ^1.640 ingens argentum mensis, caelataque in auro ^1.641 fortia facta patrum, series longissima rerum ^1.642 per tot ducta viros antiqua ab origine gentis. ^5.250 victori chlamydem auratam, quam plurima circum ^5.251 purpura maeandro duplici Meliboea cucurrit, ^5.252 intextusque puer frondosa regius Ida ^5.253 veloces iaculo cervos cursuque fatigat, ^5.254 acer, anhelanti similis, quem praepes ab Ida ^5.255 sublimem pedibus rapuit Iovis armiger uncis; ^5.256 longaevi palmas nequiquam ad sidera tendunt ^5.257 custodes, saevitque canum latratus in auras. ^6.14 Daedalus, ut fama est, fugiens Minoïa regna, ^6.15 praepetibus pennis ausus se credere caelo, ^6.16 insuetum per iter gelidas enavit ad Arctos, ^6.17 Chalcidicaque levis tandem super adstitit arce. ^6.18 Redditus his primum terris, tibi, Phoebe, sacravit ^6.20 In foribus letum Androgeo: tum pendere poenas ^6.21 Cecropidae iussi—miserum!—septena quotannis ^6.22 corpora natorum; stat ductis sortibus urna. ^6.23 Contra elata mari respondet Gnosia tellus: ^6.24 hic crudelis amor tauri, suppostaque furto ^6.25 Pasiphaë, mixtumque genus prolesque biformis ^6.26 Minotaurus inest, Veneris monumenta nefandae; ^6.27 hic labor ille domus et inextricabilis error; ^6.28 magnum reginae sed enim miseratus amorem ^6.29 Daedalus ipse dolos tecti ambagesque resolvit, ^6.30 caeca regens filo vestigia. Tu quoque magnam ^6.31 partem opere in tanto, sineret dolor, Icare, haberes. ^6.32 Bis conatus erat casus effingere in auro; ^6.33 bis patriae cecidere manus. Quin protinus omnia ^6.34 perlegerent oculis, ni iam praemissus Achates ^6.35 adforet, atque una Phoebi Triviaeque sacerdos, ^6.36 Deiphobe Glauci, fatur quae talia regi: ^6.37 Non hoc ista sibi tempus spectacula poscit; ^6.38 nunc grege de intacto septem mactare iuvencos' '^6.40 Talibus adfata Aenean (nec sacra morantur ^6.41 iussa viri), Teucros vocat alta in templa sacerdos. ^6.756 Nunc age, Dardaniam prolem quae deinde sequatur ^6.757 gloria, qui maneant Itala de gente nepotes, ^6.758 inlustris animas nostrumque in nomen ituras, ^6.759 expediam dictis, et te tua fata docebo. ^6.760 Ille, vides, pura iuvenis qui nititur hasta, ^6.761 proxuma sorte tenet lucis loca, primus ad auras ^6.762 aetherias Italo commixtus sanguine surget, ^6.763 silvius, Albanum nomen, tua postuma proles, ^6.764 quem tibi longaevo serum Lavinia coniunx ^6.765 educet silvis regem regumque parentem, ^6.766 unde genus Longa nostrum dominabitur Alba. ^6.767 Proxumus ille Procas, Troianae gloria gentis, ^6.768 et Capys, et Numitor, et qui te nomine reddet ^6.769 Silvius Aeneas, pariter pietate vel armis ^6.770 egregius, si umquam regdam acceperit Albam. ^6.771 Qui iuvenes! Quantas ostentant, aspice, vires, ^6.772 atque umbrata gerunt civili tempora quercu! ^6.773 Hi tibi Nomentum et Gabios urbemque Fidenam, ^6.774 hi Collatinas imponent montibus arces, ^6.775 Pometios Castrumque Inui Bolamque Coramque. ^6.776 Haec tum nomina erunt, nunc sunt sine nomine terrae. ^6.777 Quin et avo comitem sese Mavortius addet ^6.778 Romulus, Assaraci quem sanguinis Ilia mater ^6.779 educet. Viden, ut geminae stant vertice cristae, ^6.780 et pater ipse suo superum iam signat honore? ^6.781 En, huius, nate, auspiciis illa incluta Roma ^6.782 imperium terris, animos aequabit Olympo, ^6.783 septemque una sibi muro circumdabit arces, ^6.784 felix prole virum: qualis Berecyntia mater ^6.785 invehitur curru Phrygias turrita per urbes, ^6.786 laeta deum partu, centum complexa nepotes, ^6.787 omnes caelicolas, omnes supera alta tenentes. ^6.788 Huc geminas nunc flecte acies, hanc aspice gentem ^6.789 Romanosque tuos. Hic Caesar et omnis Iuli ^6.790 progenies magnum caeli ventura sub axem. ^6.791 Hic vir, hic est, tibi quem promitti saepius audis, ^6.792 Augustus Caesar, Divi genus, aurea condet ^6.793 saecula qui rursus Latio regnata per arva ^6.794 Saturno quondam, super et Garamantas et Indos ^6.795 proferet imperium: iacet extra sidera tellus, ^6.796 extra anni solisque vias, ubi caelifer Atlas ^6.797 axem umero torquet stellis ardentibus aptum. ^6.798 Huius in adventum iam nunc et Caspia regna ^6.799 responsis horrent divom et Maeotia tellus, ^6.800 et septemgemini turbant trepida ostia Nili. ^6.801 Nec vero Alcides tantum telluris obivit, ^6.802 fixerit aeripedem cervam licet, aut Erymanthi ^6.803 pacarit nemora, et Lernam tremefecerit arcu; ^6.804 nec, qui pampineis victor iuga flectit habenis, ^6.805 Liber, agens celso Nysae de vertice tigres. ^6.806 Et dubitamus adhuc virtute extendere vires, ^6.807 aut metus Ausonia prohibet consistere terra? ^6.809 sacra ferens? Nosco crines incanaque menta ^6.810 regis Romani, primus qui legibus urbem ^6.811 fundabit, Curibus parvis et paupere terra ^6.812 missus in imperium magnum. Cui deinde subibit, ^6.813 otia qui rumpet patriae residesque movebit ^6.814 Tullus in arma viros et iam desueta triumphis ^6.815 agmina. Quem iuxta sequitur iactantior Ancus, ^6.816 nunc quoque iam nimium gaudens popularibus auris. ^6.817 Vis et Tarquinios reges, animamque superbam ^6.818 ultoris Bruti, fascesque videre receptos? ^6.820 accipiet, natosque pater nova bella moventes ^6.821 ad poenam pulchra pro libertate vocabit. ^6.822 Infelix, utcumque ferent ea facta minores, ^6.823 vincet amor patriae laudumque immensa cupido. ^6.824 Quin Decios Drusosque procul saevumque securi ^6.825 aspice Torquatum et referentem signa Camillum. ^6.826 Illae autem, paribus quas fulgere cernis in armis, ^6.827 concordes animae nunc et dum nocte premuntur, ^6.828 heu quantum inter se bellum, si lumina vitae ^6.829 attigerint, quantas acies stragemque ciebunt! ^6.830 Aggeribus socer Alpinis atque arce Monoeci ^6.831 descendens, gener adversis instructus Eois. ^6.832 Ne, pueri, ne tanta animis adsuescite bella, ^6.833 neu patriae validas in viscera vertite vires; ^6.834 tuque prior, tu parce, genus qui ducis Olympo, ^6.835 proice tela manu, sanguis meus!— ^6.836 Ille triumphata Capitolia ad alta Corintho ^6.837 victor aget currum, caesis insignis Achivis. ^6.838 Eruet ille Argos Agamemnoniasque Mycenas, ^6.839 ipsumque Aeaciden, genus armipotentis Achilli, ^6.840 ultus avos Troiae, templa et temerata Minervae. ^6.841 Quis te, magne Cato, tacitum, aut te, Cosse, relinquat? ^6.842 Quis Gracchi genus, aut geminos, duo fulmina belli, ^6.843 Scipiadas, cladem Libyae, parvoque potentem ^6.844 Fabricium vel te sulco Serrane, serentem? ^6.845 quo fessum rapitis, Fabii? Tu Maxumus ille es, ^6.846 unus qui nobis cunctando restituis rem. ^6.847 Excudent alii spirantia mollius aera, ^6.848 credo equidem, vivos ducent de marmore voltus, ^6.849 orabunt causas melius, caelique meatus ^6.850 describent radio, et surgentia sidera dicent: ^6.851 tu regere imperio populos, Romane, memento; ^6.852 hae tibi erunt artes; pacisque imponere morem, ^6.853 parcere subiectis, et debellare superbos. ^6.854 Sic pater Anchises, atque haec mirantibus addit: ^6.855 Aspice, ut insignis spoliis Marcellus opimis ^6.856 ingreditur, victorque viros supereminet omnes! ^6.857 Hic rem Romanam, magno turbante tumultu, ^6.858 sistet, eques sternet Poenos Gallumque rebellem, ^6.859 tertiaque arma patri suspendet capta Quirino. ^6.860 Atque hic Aeneas; una namque ire videbat ^6.861 egregium forma iuvenem et fulgentibus armis, ^6.862 sed frons laeta parum, et deiecto lumina voltu: ^6.863 Quis, pater, ille, virum qui sic comitatur euntem? ^6.864 Filius, anne aliquis magna de stirpe nepotum? ^6.865 Quis strepitus circa comitum! Quantum instar in ipso! ^6.866 Sed nox atra caput tristi circumvolat umbra. ^6.867 Tum pater Anchises, lacrimis ingressus obortis: ^6.868 O gnate, ingentem luctum ne quaere tuorum; ^6.869 ostendent terris hunc tantum fata, neque ultra ^6.870 esse sinent. Nimium vobis Romana propago ^6.871 visa potens, Superi, propria haec si dona fuissent. ^6.872 Quantos ille virum magnam Mavortis ad urbem ^6.873 campus aget gemitus, vel quae, Tiberine, videbis ^6.874 funera, cum tumulum praeterlabere recentem! ^6.875 Nec puer Iliaca quisquam de gente Latinos ^6.876 in tantum spe tollet avos, nec Romula quondam ^6.877 ullo se tantum tellus iactabit alumno. ^6.878 Heu pietas, heu prisca fides, invictaque bello ^6.879 dextera! Non illi se quisquam impune tulisset ^6.880 obvius armato, seu cum pedes iret in hostem, ^6.881 seu spumantis equi foderet calcaribus armos. ^6.882 Heu, miserande puer, si qua fata aspera rumpas, ^6.883 tu Marcellus eris. Manibus date lilia plenis, ^6.884 purpureos spargam flores, animamque nepotis ^6.885 his saltem adcumulem donis, et fungar ii ^6.886 munere—Sic tota passim regione vagantur ^6.887 aëris in campis latis, atque omnia lustrant. ^6.888 Quae postquam Anchises natum per singula duxit, ^6.889 incenditque animum famae venientis amore, ^6.890 exin bella viro memorat quae deinde gerenda, ^6.891 Laurentisque docet populos urbemque Latini, ^6.892 et quo quemque modo fugiatque feratque laborem. ^7.183 Multaque praeterea sacris in postibus arma, ^7.184 captivi pendent currus curvaeque secures ^7.186 spiculaque clipeique ereptaque rostra carinis. ^7.187 Ipse Quirinali lituo parvaque sedebat ^7.188 succinctus trabea laevaque ancile gerebat ^7.189 Picus, equum domitor; quem capta cupidine coniunx ^7.190 aurea percussum virga versumque venenis ^7.191 fecit avem Circe sparsitque coloribus alas. ^8.418 quam subter specus et Cyclopum exesa caminis ^8.419 antra Aetnaea tot validique incudibus ictus ^8.420 auditi referunt gemitus striduntque cavernis ^8.608 At Venus aetherios inter dea candida nimbos ^8.609 dona ferens aderat; natumque in valle reducta ^8.610 ut procul egelido secretum flumine vidit, ^8.611 talibus adfata est dictis seque obtulit ultro: ^8.612 En perfecta mei promissa coniugis arte ^8.613 munera, ne mox aut Laurentis, nate, superbos ^8.614 aut acrem dubites in proelia poscere Turnum. ^8.615 Dixit et amplexus nati Cytherea petivit, ^8.616 arma sub adversa posuit radiantia quercu. ^8.617 Ille, deae donis et tanto laetus honore, ^8.618 expleri nequit atque oculos per singula volvit ^8.619 miraturque interque manus et bracchia versat ^8.620 terribilem cristis galeam flammasque vomentem ^8.621 fatiferumque ensem, loricam ex aere rigentem ^8.622 sanguineam ingentem, qualis cum caerula nubes ^8.623 solis inardescit radiis longeque refulget; ^8.625 hastamque et clipei non enarrabile textum. ^8.626 Illic res Italas Romanorumque triumphos ^8.627 haud vatum ignarus venturique inscius aevi ^8.628 fecerat ignipotens, illic genus omne futurae ^8.629 stirpis ab Ascanio. pugnataque in ordine bella. ^8.630 Fecerat et viridi fetam Mavortis in antro ^8.631 procubuisse lupam, geminos huic ubera circum ^8.632 ludere pendentis pueros et lambere matrem ^8.633 impavidos, illam tereti cervice reflexa ^8.634 mulcere alternos et corpora fingere lingua. ^8.635 Nec procul hinc Romam et raptas sine more Sabinas ^8.636 consessu caveae magnis circensibus actis ^8.637 addiderat subitoque novum consurgere bellum ^8.638 Romulidis Tatioque seni Curibusque severis. ^8.639 Post idem inter se posito certamine reges ^8.640 armati Iovis ante aram paterasque tenentes ^8.641 stabant et caesa iungebant foedera porca. ^8.642 Haud procul inde citae Mettum in diversa quadrigae ^8.643 distulerant, at tu dictis, Albane, maneres, ^8.644 raptabatque viri mendacis viscera Tullus ^8.645 per silvam, et sparsi rorabant sanguine vepres. ^8.646 Nec non Tarquinium eiectum Porsenna iubebat ^8.647 accipere ingentique urbem obsidione premebat: ^8.648 Aeneadae in ferrum pro libertate ruebant. ^8.649 Illum indigti similem similemque miti ^8.650 aspiceres, pontem auderet quia vellere Cocles ^8.651 et fluvium vinclis innaret Cloelia ruptis. ^8.652 In summo custos Tarpeiae Manlius arcis ^8.653 stabat pro templo et Capitolia celsa tenebat, ^8.654 Romuleoque recens horrebat regia culmo. ^8.655 Atque hic auratis volitans argenteus anser ^8.656 porticibus Gallos in limine adesse canebat. ^8.657 Galli per dumos aderant arcemque tenebant, ^8.658 defensi tenebris et dono noctis opacae: ^8.659 aurea caesaries ollis atque aurea vestis, ^8.660 virgatis lucent sagulis, tum lactea colla ^8.661 auro innectuntur, duo quisque Alpina coruscant ^8.662 gaesa manu, scutis protecti corpora longis. ^8.663 Hic exsultantis Salios nudosque Lupercos ^8.664 lanigerosque apices et lapsa ancilia caelo ^8.665 extuderat, castae ducebant sacra per urbem ^8.666 pilentis matres in mollibus. Hinc procul addit ^8.667 Tartareas etiam sedes, alta ostia Ditis, ^8.668 et scelerum poenas et te, Catilina, minaci ^8.669 pendentem scopulo Furiarumque ora trementem, ^8.670 secretosque pios, his dantem iura Catonem. ^8.671 Haec inter tumidi late maris ibat imago ^8.672 aurea, sed fluctu spumabant caerula cano; ^8.673 et circum argento clari delphines in orbem ^8.674 aequora verrebant caudis aestumque secabant. ^8.675 In medio classis aeratas, Actia bella, ^8.676 cernere erat, totumque instructo Marte videres ^8.677 fervere Leucaten auroque effulgere fluctus. ^8.678 Hinc Augustus agens Italos in proelia Caesar ^8.679 cum patribus populoque, penatibus et magnis dis, ^8.680 stans celsa in puppi; geminas cui tempora flammas ^8.681 laeta vomunt patriumque aperitur vertice sidus. ^8.682 Parte alia ventis et dis Agrippa secundis ^8.683 arduus agmen agens; cui, belli insigne superbum, ^8.684 tempora navali fulgent rostrata corona. ^8.685 Hinc ope barbarica variisque Antonius armis, ^8.686 victor ab Aurorae populis et litore rubro, ^8.687 Aegyptum viresque Orientis et ultima secum ^8.688 Bactra vehit, sequiturque (nefas) Aegyptia coniunx. ^8.689 Una omnes ruere, ac totum spumare reductis ^8.690 convolsum remis rostrisque tridentibus aequor. ^8.691 alta petunt: pelago credas innare revolsas ^8.692 Cycladas aut montis concurrere montibus altos, ^8.693 tanta mole viri turritis puppibus instant. ^8.694 stuppea flamma manu telisque volatile ferrum ^8.695 spargitur, arva nova Neptunia caede rubescunt. ^8.696 Regina in mediis patrio vocat agmina sistro ^8.697 necdum etiam geminos a tergo respicit anguis. ^8.698 omnigenumque deum monstra et latrator Anubis ^8.699 contra Neptunum et Venerem contraque Minervam ^8.700 tela tenent. Saevit medio in certamine Mavors ^8.701 caelatus ferro tristesque ex aethere Dirae, ^8.702 et scissa gaudens vadit Discordia palla, ^8.703 quam cum sanguineo sequitur Bellona flagello. ^8.704 Actius haec cernens arcum tendebat Apollo ^8.705 desuper: omnis eo terrore Aegyptus et Indi, ^8.706 omnis Arabs, omnes vertebant terga Sabaei. ^8.707 Ipsa videbatur ventis regina vocatis ^8.708 vela dare et laxos iam iamque inmittere funis. ^8.709 Illam inter caedes pallentem morte futura ^8.710 fecerat Ignipotens undis et Iapyge ferri, ^8.711 contra autem magno maerentem corpore Nilum ^8.712 pandentemque sinus et tota veste vocantem ^8.713 caeruleum in gremium latebrosaque flumina victos. ^8.714 At Caesar, triplici invectus Romana triumpho ^8.715 moenia, dis Italis votum inmortale sacrabat, ^8.716 maxuma tercentum totam delubra per urbem. ^8.717 Laetitia ludisque viae plausuque fremebant; ^8.718 omnibus in templis matrum chorus, omnibus arae; ^8.719 ante aras terram caesi stravere iuvenci. ^8.720 Ipse, sedens niveo candentis limine Phoebi, ^8.721 dona recognoscit populorum aptatque superbis ^8.722 postibus; incedunt victae longo ordine gentes, ^8.723 quam variae linguis, habitu tam vestis et armis. ^8.725 hic Lelegas Carasque sagittiferosque Gelonos ^8.726 finxerat; Euphrates ibat iam mollior undis, ^8.727 extremique hominum Morini, Rhenusque bicornis, ^8.728 indomitique Dahae, et pontem indignatus Araxes. ^8.729 Talia per clipeum Volcani, dona parentis, ^8.730 miratur rerumque ignarus imagine gaudet, ^8.731 attollens umero famamque et fata nepotum.
10.495 hospitia. Et laevo pressit pede talia fatus ^10.496 exanimem, rapiens immania pondera baltei ^10.497 impressumque nefas, una sub nocte iugali ^10.498 caesa manus iuvenum foede thalamique cruenti, ^10.499 quae Clonus Eurytides multo caelaverat auro; ^10.500 quo nunc Turnus ovat spolio gaudetque potitus. ^10.501 Nescia mens hominum fati sortisque futurae ^10.502 et servare modum, rebus sublata secundis! ^10.503 Turno tempus erit, magno cum optaverit emptum ^10.504 intactum Pallanta et cum spolia ista diemque ^10.505 oderit. At socii multo gemitu lacrimisque ^12.945 Ille, oculis postquam saevi monimenta doloris ^12.946 exuviasque hausit, furiis accensus et ira ^12.950 hoc dicens ferrum adverso sub pectore condit ^12.952 vitaque cum gemitu fugit indignata sub umbras.'' None

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1.441 her undulant vesture bared her marble knees. ^1.442 She hailed them thus: “Ho, sirs, I pray you tell ^1.443 if haply ye have noted, as ye came, ^1.444 one of my sisters in this wood astray? ' "^1.445 She bore a quiver, and a lynx's hide " '^1.446 her spotted mantle was; perchance she roused ' "^1.448 So Venus spoke, and Venus' son replied: " '^1.449 “No voice or vision of thy sister fair ^1.450 has crossed my path, thou maid without a name! ^1.451 Thy beauty seems not of terrestrial mould, ^1.452 nor is thy music mortal! Tell me, goddess, ' "^1.453 art thou bright Phoebus' sister? Or some nymph, " "^1.454 the daughter of a god? Whate'er thou art, " '^1.455 thy favor we implore, and potent aid ^1.456 in our vast toil. Instruct us of what skies, ' "^1.457 or what world's end, our storm-swept lives have found! " '^1.458 Strange are these lands and people where we rove, ^1.459 compelled by wind and wave. Lo, this right hand ^1.461 Then Venus: “Nay, I boast not to receive ^1.462 honors divine. We Tyrian virgins oft ^1.463 bear bow and quiver, and our ankles white ^1.464 lace up in purple buskin. Yonder lies ^1.465 the Punic power, where Tyrian masters hold ' "^1.466 Agenor's town; but on its borders dwell " '^1.467 the Libyans, by battles unsubdued. ^1.468 Upon the throne is Dido, exiled there ' "^1.469 from Tyre, to flee th' unnatural enmity " "^1.470 of her own brother. 'T was an ancient wrong; " '^1.471 too Iong the dark and tangled tale would be; ^1.472 I trace the larger outline of her story: ^1.473 Sichreus was her spouse, whose acres broad ^1.474 no Tyrian lord could match, and he was-blessed ' "^1.475 by his ill-fated lady's fondest love, " '^1.476 whose father gave him her first virgin bloom ^1.477 in youthful marriage. But the kingly power ^1.478 among the Tyrians to her brother came, ^1.479 Pygmalion, none deeper dyed in crime ^1.480 in all that land. Betwixt these twain there rose ^1.481 a deadly hatred,—and the impious wretch, ^1.482 blinded by greed, and reckless utterly ' "^1.483 of his fond sister's joy, did murder foul " '^1.484 upon defenceless and unarmed Sichaeus, ^1.485 and at the very altar hewed him down. ^1.486 Long did he hide the deed, and guilefully ^1.487 deceived with false hopes, and empty words, ^1.488 her grief and stricken love. But as she slept, ' "^1.489 her husband's tombless ghost before her came, " '^1.490 with face all wondrous pale, and he laid bare ^1.491 his heart with dagger pierced, disclosing so ^1.492 the blood-stained altar and the infamy ^1.493 that darkened now their house. His counsel was ^1.494 to fly, self-banished, from her ruined land, ' "^1.495 and for her journey's aid, he whispered where " ^1.640 Aeneas paused, and, weeping, thus began: ^1.641 “Alas, Achates, what far region now, ^1.642 what land in all the world knows not our pain? ^5.250 have joyful hope enkindled in each heart ^5.251 to pass the laggard Gyas. In the lead ' "^5.252 Sergestus' ship shoots forth; and to the rock " '^5.253 runs boldly nigh; but not his whole long keel ^5.254 may pass his rival; the projecting beak ' "^5.255 is followed fast by Pristis' emulous prow. " '^5.256 Then, striding straight amidships through his crew, ' "^5.257 thus Mnestheus urged them on: “O Hector's friends! " ^6.14 The templed hill where lofty Phoebus reigns, ^6.15 And that far-off, inviolable shrine ^6.16 of dread Sibylla, in stupendous cave, ' "^6.17 O'er whose deep soul the god of Delos breathes " '^6.18 Prophetic gifts, unfolding things to come. ^6.20 Here Daedalus, the ancient story tells, ' "^6.21 Escaping Minos' power, and having made " '^6.22 Hazard of heaven on far-mounting wings, ^6.23 Floated to northward, a cold, trackless way, ' "^6.24 And lightly poised, at last, o'er Cumae 's towers. " '^6.25 Here first to earth come down, he gave to thee ^6.26 His gear of wings, Apollo! and ordained ^6.27 Vast temples to thy name and altars fair. ' "^6.28 On huge bronze doors Androgeos' death was done; " "^6.29 And Cecrops' children paid their debt of woe, " '^6.30 Where, seven and seven,—0 pitiable sight!— ^6.31 The youths and maidens wait the annual doom, ^6.32 Drawn out by lot from yonder marble urn. ^6.33 Beyond, above a sea, lay carven Crete :— ^6.34 The bull was there; the passion, the strange guile; ' "^6.35 And Queen Pasiphae's brute-human son, " '^6.36 The Minotaur—of monstrous loves the sign. ^6.37 Here was the toilsome, labyrinthine maze, ' "^6.38 Where, pitying love-lorn Ariadne's tears, " '^6.39 The crafty Daedalus himself betrayed ^6.40 The secret of his work; and gave the clue ^6.41 To guide the path of Theseus through the gloom. ' "^6.756 And Jove's own fire. In chariot of four steeds, " '^6.757 Brandishing torches, he triumphant rode ' "^6.758 Through throngs of Greeks, o'er Elis ' sacred way, " '^6.759 Demanding worship as a god. 0 fool! ' "^6.760 To mock the storm's inimitable flash— " '^6.761 With crash of hoofs and roll of brazen wheel! ^6.762 But mightiest Jove from rampart of thick cloud ^6.763 Hurled his own shaft, no flickering, mortal flame, ^6.764 And in vast whirl of tempest laid him low. ^6.765 Next unto these, on Tityos I looked, ^6.766 Child of old Earth, whose womb all creatures bears: ' "^6.767 Stretched o'er nine roods he lies; a vulture huge " '^6.768 Tears with hooked beak at his immortal side, ^6.769 Or deep in entrails ever rife with pain ^6.770 Gropes for a feast, making his haunt and home ^6.771 In the great Titan bosom; nor will give ^6.772 To ever new-born flesh surcease of woe. ^6.773 Why name Ixion and Pirithous, ^6.774 The Lapithae, above whose impious brows ^6.775 A crag of flint hangs quaking to its fall, ^6.776 As if just toppling down, while couches proud, ^6.777 Propped upon golden pillars, bid them feast ^6.778 In royal glory: but beside them lies ^6.779 The eldest of the Furies, whose dread hands ^6.780 Thrust from the feast away, and wave aloft ^6.781 A flashing firebrand, with shrieks of woe. ^6.782 Here in a prison-house awaiting doom ^6.783 Are men who hated, long as life endured, ^6.784 Their brothers, or maltreated their gray sires, ^6.785 Or tricked a humble friend; the men who grasped ^6.786 At hoarded riches, with their kith and kin ^6.787 Not sharing ever—an unnumbered throng; ^6.788 Here slain adulterers be; and men who dared ^6.789 To fight in unjust cause, and break all faith ^6.790 With their own lawful lords. Seek not to know ^6.791 What forms of woe they feel, what fateful shape ' "^6.792 of retribution hath o'erwhelmed them there. " '^6.793 Some roll huge boulders up; some hang on wheels, ^6.794 Lashed to the whirling spokes; in his sad seat ^6.795 Theseus is sitting, nevermore to rise; ^6.796 Unhappy Phlegyas uplifts his voice ^6.797 In warning through the darkness, calling loud, ^6.798 ‘0, ere too late, learn justice and fear God!’ ^6.799 Yon traitor sold his country, and for gold ^6.800 Enchained her to a tyrant, trafficking ^6.801 In laws, for bribes enacted or made void; ^6.802 Another did incestuously take ^6.803 His daughter for a wife in lawless bonds. ^6.804 All ventured some unclean, prodigious crime; ^6.805 And what they dared, achieved. I could not tell, ^6.806 Not with a hundred mouths, a hundred tongues, ^6.807 Or iron voice, their divers shapes of sin, ' "^6.809 So spake Apollo's aged prophetess. " '^6.810 “Now up and on!” she cried. “Thy task fulfil! ^6.811 We must make speed. Behold yon arching doors ^6.812 Yon walls in furnace of the Cyclops forged! ' "^6.813 'T is there we are commanded to lay down " "^6.814 Th' appointed offering.” So, side by side, " '^6.815 Swift through the intervening dark they strode, ^6.816 And, drawing near the portal-arch, made pause. ^6.817 Aeneas, taking station at the door, ' "^6.818 Pure, lustral waters o'er his body threw, " ^6.820 Now, every rite fulfilled, and tribute due ^6.821 Paid to the sovereign power of Proserpine, ^6.822 At last within a land delectable ^6.823 Their journey lay, through pleasurable bowers ^6.824 of groves where all is joy,—a blest abode! ^6.825 An ampler sky its roseate light bestows ^6.826 On that bright land, which sees the cloudless beam ^6.827 of suns and planets to our earth unknown. ^6.828 On smooth green lawns, contending limb with limb, ^6.829 Immortal athletes play, and wrestle long ' "^6.830 'gainst mate or rival on the tawny sand; " '^6.831 With sounding footsteps and ecstatic song, ^6.832 Some thread the dance divine: among them moves ^6.833 The bard of Thrace, in flowing vesture clad, ^6.834 Discoursing seven-noted melody, ^6.835 Who sweeps the numbered strings with changeful hand, ^6.836 Or smites with ivory point his golden lyre. ^6.837 Here Trojans be of eldest, noblest race, ^6.838 Great-hearted heroes, born in happier times, ^6.839 Ilus, Assaracus, and Dardanus, ^6.840 Illustrious builders of the Trojan town. ^6.841 Their arms and shadowy chariots he views, ^6.842 And lances fixed in earth, while through the fields ^6.843 Their steeds without a bridle graze at will. ^6.844 For if in life their darling passion ran ^6.845 To chariots, arms, or glossy-coated steeds, ^6.846 The self-same joy, though in their graves, they feel. ^6.847 Lo! on the left and right at feast reclined ^6.848 Are other blessed souls, whose chorus sings ^6.849 Victorious paeans on the fragrant air ^6.850 of laurel groves; and hence to earth outpours ^6.851 Eridanus, through forests rolling free. ^6.852 Here dwell the brave who for their native land ^6.853 Fell wounded on the field; here holy priests ^6.854 Who kept them undefiled their mortal day; ^6.855 And poets, of whom the true-inspired song ' "^6.856 Deserved Apollo's name; and all who found " "^6.857 New arts, to make man's life more blest or fair; " '^6.858 Yea! here dwell all those dead whose deeds bequeath ^6.859 Deserved and grateful memory to their kind. ^6.860 And each bright brow a snow-white fillet wears. ^6.861 Unto this host the Sibyl turned, and hailed ^6.862 Musaeus, midmost of a numerous throng, ' "^6.863 Who towered o'er his peers a shoulder higher: " '^6.864 “0 spirits blest! 0 venerable bard! ^6.865 Declare what dwelling or what region holds ^6.866 Anchises, for whose sake we twain essayed ^6.867 Yon passage over the wide streams of hell.” ^6.868 And briefly thus the hero made reply: ^6.869 “No fixed abode is ours. In shadowy groves ^6.870 We make our home, or meadows fresh and fair, ^6.871 With streams whose flowery banks our couches be. ^6.872 But you, if thitherward your wishes turn, ^6.873 Climb yonder hill, where I your path may show.” ^6.874 So saying, he strode forth and led them on, ^6.875 Till from that vantage they had prospect fair ^6.876 of a wide, shining land; thence wending down, ^6.877 They left the height they trod; for far below ^6.878 Father Anchises in a pleasant vale ^6.879 Stood pondering, while his eyes and thought surveyed ^6.880 A host of prisoned spirits, who there abode ^6.881 Awaiting entrance to terrestrial air. ^6.882 And musing he reviewed the legions bright ^6.883 of his own progeny and offspring proud— ^6.884 Their fates and fortunes, virtues and great deeds. ^6.885 Soon he discerned Aeneas drawing nigh ' "^6.886 o'er the green slope, and, lifting both his hands " '^6.887 In eager welcome, spread them swiftly forth. ^6.888 Tears from his eyelids rained, and thus he spoke: ^6.889 “Art here at last? Hath thy well-proven love ^6.890 of me thy sire achieved yon arduous way? ^6.891 Will Heaven, beloved son, once more allow ^6.892 That eye to eye we look? and shall I hear ^7.183 at such vast omen, they set forth a feast ^7.184 with zealous emulation, ranging well ^7.186 Soon as the morrow with the lamp of dawn ' "^7.187 looked o'er the world, they took their separate ways, " '^7.188 exploring shore and towns; here spread the pools ^7.189 and fountain of Numicius; here they see ^7.190 the river Tiber, where bold Latins dwell. ' "^7.191 Anchises' son chose out from his brave band " ^8.418 from trees engendered and stout heart of oak. ^8.419 Nor laws nor arts they knew; nor how to tame ^8.420 burls to the yoke, nor fill great barns with store ^8.608 ummoned Evander. From his couch arose ' "^8.609 the royal sire, and o'er his aged frame " '^8.610 a tunic threw, tying beneath his feet ^8.611 the Tuscan sandals: an Arcadian sword, ^8.612 girt at his left, was over one shoulder slung, ^8.613 his cloak of panther trailing from behind. ^8.614 A pair of watch-dogs from the lofty door ^8.615 ran close, their lord attending, as he sought ^8.616 his guest Aeneas; for his princely soul ^8.617 remembered faithfully his former word, ^8.618 and promised gift. Aeneas with like mind ' "^8.619 was stirring early. King Evander's son " '^8.620 Pallas was at his side; Achates too ^8.621 accompanied his friend. All these conjoin ^8.622 in hand-clasp and good-morrow, taking seats ^8.623 in midcourt of the house, and give the hour ^8.625 “Great leader of the Teucrians, while thy life ^8.626 in safety stands, I call not Trojan power ^8.627 vanquished or fallen. But to help thy war ^8.628 my small means match not thy redoubled name. ^8.629 Yon Tuscan river is my bound. That way ^8.630 Rutulia thrusts us hard and chafes our wall ^8.631 with loud, besieging arms. But I propose ^8.632 to league with thee a numerous array ^8.633 of kings and mighty tribes, which fortune strange ^8.634 now brings to thy defence. Thou comest here ^8.635 because the Fates intend. Not far from ours ^8.636 a city on an ancient rock is seen, ^8.637 Agylla, which a warlike Lydian clan ^8.638 built on the Tuscan hills. It prospered well ^8.639 for many a year, then under the proud yoke ^8.640 of King Mezentius it came and bore ^8.641 his cruel sway. Why tell the loathsome deeds ^8.642 and crimes unspeakable the despot wrought? ^8.643 May Heaven requite them on his impious head ^8.644 and on his children! For he used to chain ^8.645 dead men to living, hand on hand was laid ^8.646 and face on face,—torment incredible! ^8.647 Till, locked in blood-stained, horrible embrace, ^8.648 a lingering death they found. But at the last ^8.649 his people rose in furious despair, ^8.650 and while he blasphemously raged, assailed ^8.651 his life and throne, cut down his guards ^8.652 and fired his regal dwellings; he, the while, ^8.653 escaped immediate death and fied away ^8.654 to the Rutulian land, to find defence ^8.655 in Turnus hospitality. To-day ^8.656 Etruria, to righteous anger stirred, ^8.657 demands with urgent arms her guilty King. ^8.658 To their large host, Aeneas, I will give ^8.659 an added strength, thyself. For yonder shores ^8.660 re-echo with the tumult and the cry ^8.661 of ships in close array; their eager lords ^8.662 are clamoring for battle. But the song ^8.663 of the gray omen-giver thus declares ^8.664 their destiny: ‘O goodly princes born ^8.665 of old Maeonian lineage! Ye that are ^8.666 the bloom and glory of an ancient race, ^8.667 whom just occasions now and noble rage ^8.668 enflame against Mezentius your foe, ^8.669 it is decreed that yonder nation proud ^8.670 hall never submit to chiefs Italian-born. ^8.671 Seek ye a king from far!’ So in the field ' "^8.672 inert and fearful lies Etruria's force, " '^8.673 disarmed by oracles. Their Tarchon sent ^8.674 envoys who bore a sceptre and a crown ^8.675 even to me, and prayed I should assume ' "^8.676 the sacred emblems of Etruria's king, " '^8.677 and lead their host to war. But unto me ^8.678 cold, sluggish age, now barren and outworn, ^8.679 denies new kingdoms, and my slow-paced powers ^8.680 run to brave deeds no more. Nor could I urge ' "^8.681 my son, who by his Sabine mother's line " '^8.682 is half Italian-born. Thyself art he, ^8.683 whose birth illustrious and manly prime ^8.684 fate favors and celestial powers approve. ^8.685 Therefore go forth, O bravest chief and King ^8.686 of Troy and Italy ! To thee I give ^8.687 the hope and consolation of our throne, ^8.688 pallas, my son, and bid him find in thee ^8.689 a master and example, while he learns ' "^8.690 the soldier's arduous toil. With thy brave deeds " '^8.691 let him familiar grow, and reverence thee ^8.692 with youthful love and honor. In his train ^8.693 two hundred horsemen of Arcadia, ^8.694 our choicest men-at-arms, shall ride; and he ^8.695 in his own name an equal band shall bring ^8.696 to follow only thee.” Such the discourse. ^8.697 With meditative brows and downcast eyes ^8.698 Aeneas and Achates, sad at heart, ^8.699 mused on unnumbered perils yet to come. ' "^8.700 But out of cloudless sky Cythera's Queen " "^8.701 gave sudden signal: from th' ethereal dome " '^8.702 a thunder-peal and flash of quivering fire ^8.703 tumultuous broke, as if the world would fall, ^8.704 and bellowing Tuscan trumpets shook the air. ^8.705 All eyes look up. Again and yet again ^8.706 crashed the terrible din, and where the sky ^8.707 looked clearest hung a visionary cloud, ^8.708 whence through the brightness blazed resounding arms. ' "^8.709 All hearts stood still. But Troy 's heroic son " '^8.710 knew that his mother in the skies redeemed ^8.711 her pledge in sound of thunder: so he cried, ^8.712 “Seek not, my friend, seek not thyself to read ' "^8.713 the meaning of the omen. 'T is to me " '^8.714 Olympus calls. My goddess-mother gave ^8.715 long since her promise of a heavenly sign ^8.716 if war should burst; and that her power would bring ^8.717 a panoply from Vulcan through the air, ^8.718 to help us at our need. Alas, what deaths ' "^8.719 over Laurentum's ill-starred host impend! " '^8.720 O Turnus, what a reckoning thou shalt pay ^8.721 to me in arms! O Tiber, in thy wave ^8.722 what helms and shields and mighty soldiers slain ^8.723 hall in confusion roll! Yea, let them lead ^8.725 He said: and from the lofty throne uprose. ^8.726 Straightway he roused anew the slumbering fire ^8.727 acred to Hercules, and glad at heart ^8.728 adored, as yesterday, the household gods ^8.729 revered by good Evander, at whose side ^8.730 the Trojan company made sacrifice ^8.731 of chosen lambs, with fitting rites and true. ^10.495 who also for the roughness of the ground ^10.496 were all unmounted: he (the last resource ^10.497 of men in straits) to wild entreaty turned ^10.498 and taunts, enkindling their faint hearts anew: ^10.499 “Whither, my men! O, by your own brave deeds, ' "^10.500 O, by our lord Evander's happy wars, " '^10.501 the proud hopes I had to make my name ^10.502 a rival glory,—think not ye can fly! ^10.503 Your swords alone can carve ye the safe way ^10.504 traight through your foes. Where yonder warrior-throng ^10.505 is fiercest, thickest, there and only there ' "^12.945 Like Athos ' crest he loomed, or soaring top " '^12.946 of Eryx, when the nodding oaks resound, ^12.950 were fixed his way; and all who kept a guard ^12.952 were battering the foundations, now laid by ' ' None

42. Vergil, Georgics, 1.24-1.42, 3.10-3.47
Tagged with subjects: • Ekphrasis • ecphrasis • ekphrasis • ekphrastic

Found in books: Edmondson (2008), Roman Dress and the Fabrics of Roman Culture, 208, 211; Manolaraki (2012), Noscendi Nilum Cupido: Imagining Egypt from Lucan to Philostratus, 31, 85; Pandey (2018), The Poetics of Power in Augustan Rome, 15, 200, 208, 221, 222, 232, 243; Xinyue (2022), Politics and Divinization in Augustan Poetry, 98

sup>
1.24 tuque adeo, quem mox quae sint habitura deorum ^1.25 concilia, incertum est, urbisne invisere, Caesar, ^1.26 terrarumque velis curam et te maximus orbis ^1.27 auctorem frugum tempestatumque potentem ^1.28 accipiat, cingens materna tempora myrto, ^1.29 an deus inmensi venias maris ac tua nautae ^1.30 numina sola colant, tibi serviat ultima Thule ^1.31 teque sibi generum Tethys emat omnibus undis, ^1.32 anne novum tardis sidus te mensibus addas, ^1.33 qua locus Erigonen inter Chelasque sequentis ^1.34 panditur—ipse tibi iam bracchia contrahit ardens ^1.35 Scorpius et caeli iusta plus parte reliquit— ^1.36 quidquid eris,—nam te nec sperant Tartara regem ^1.37 nec tibi regdi veniat tam dira cupido, ^1.38 quamvis Elysios miretur Graecia campos ^1.39 nec repetita sequi curet Proserpina matrem— ^1.40 da facilem cursum atque audacibus adnue coeptis ^1.41 ignarosque viae mecum miseratus agrestis ^1.42 ingredere et votis iam nunc adsuesce vocari. ^3.10 Primus ego in patriam mecum, modo vita supersit, ^3.11 Aonio rediens deducam vertice Musas; ^3.12 primus Idumaeas referam tibi, Mantua, palmas, ^3.13 et viridi in campo templum de marmore ponam ^3.14 propter aquam. Tardis ingens ubi flexibus errat ^3.15 Mincius et tenera praetexit arundine ripas. ^3.16 In medio mihi Caesar erit templumque tenebit: ^3.17 illi victor ego et Tyrio conspectus in ostro ^3.18 centum quadriiugos agitabo ad flumina currus. ^3.19 Cuncta mihi Alpheum linquens lucosque Molorchi ^3.20 cursibus et crudo decernet Graecia caestu. ^3.21 Ipse caput tonsae foliis ornatus olivae ^3.22 dona feram. Iam nunc sollemnis ducere pompas ^3.23 ad delubra iuvat caesosque videre iuvencos, ^3.24 vel scaena ut versis discedat frontibus utque ^3.25 purpurea intexti tollant aulaea Britanni. ^3.26 In foribus pugnam ex auro solidoque elephanto ^3.27 Gangaridum faciam victorisque arma Quirini, ^3.28 atque hic undantem bello magnumque fluentem ^3.29 Nilum ac navali surgentis aere columnas. ^3.30 Addam urbes Asiae domitas pulsumque Niphaten ^3.31 fidentemque fuga Parthum versisque sagittis, ^3.32 et duo rapta manu diverso ex hoste tropaea ^3.33 bisque triumphatas utroque ab litore gentes. ^3.34 Stabunt et Parii lapides, spirantia signa, ^3.35 Assaraci proles demissaeque ab Iove gentis ^3.36 nomina, Trosque parens et Troiae Cynthius auctor. ^3.37 Invidia infelix Furias amnemque severum ^3.38 Cocyti metuet tortosque Ixionis anguis ^3.39 immanemque rotam et non exsuperabile saxum. ^3.40 Interea Dryadum silvas saltusque sequamur ^3.41 intactos, tua, Maecenas, haud mollia iussa. ^3.42 Te sine nil altum mens incohat; en age segnis ^3.43 rumpe moras; vocat ingenti clamore Cithaeron ^3.44 Taygetique canes domitrixque Epidaurus equorum ^3.45 et vox adsensu nemorum ingeminata remugit. ^3.46 Mox tamen ardentis accingar dicere pugnas ^3.47 Caesaris et nomen fama tot ferre per annos,'' None

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1.24 Minerva, from whose hand the olive sprung; ^1.25 And boy-discoverer of the curved plough; ^1.26 And, bearing a young cypress root-uptorn, ^1.27 Silvanus, and Gods all and Goddesses, ^1.28 Who make the fields your care, both ye who nurse ^1.29 The tender unsown increase, and from heaven' "^1.30 Shed on man's sowing the riches of your rain:" '^1.31 And thou, even thou, of whom we know not yet ^1.32 What mansion of the skies shall hold thee soon,' "^1.33 Whether to watch o'er cities be thy will," '^1.34 Great Caesar, and to take the earth in charge, ^1.35 That so the mighty world may welcome thee ^1.36 Lord of her increase, master of her times,' "^1.37 Binding thy mother's myrtle round thy brow," "^1.38 Or as the boundless ocean's God thou come," '^1.39 Sole dread of seamen, till far 1.40 Before thee, and Tethys win thee to her son ^1.41 With all her waves for dower; or as a star ^1.42 Lend thy fresh beams our lagging months to cheer, ^3.10 And Pelops for his ivory shoulder famed, ^3.11 Keen charioteer? Needs must a path be tried, ^3.12 By which I too may lift me from the dust, ^3.13 And float triumphant through the mouths of men. ^3.14 Yea, I shall be the first, so life endure, ^3.15 To lead the Muses with me, as I pa ^3.16 To mine own country from the Aonian height; ^3.17 I, 3.18 of Idumaea, and raise a marble shrine ^3.19 On thy green plain fast by the water-side, ^3.20 Where Mincius winds more vast in lazy coils, ^3.21 And rims his margent with the tender reed.' "^3.22 Amid my shrine shall Caesar's godhead dwell." '^3.23 To him will I, as victor, bravely dight ^3.24 In Tyrian purple, drive along the bank ^3.25 A hundred four-horse cars. All 3.27 On foot shall strive, or with the raw-hide glove; ^3.28 Whilst I, my head with stripped green olive crowned,' "^3.29 Will offer gifts. Even 'tis present joy" '^3.30 To lead the high processions to the fane, ^3.31 And view the victims felled; or how the scene ^3.32 Sunders with shifted face, and 3.33 Inwoven thereon with those proud curtains rise. ^3.34 of gold and massive ivory on the door' "^3.35 I'll trace the battle of the Gangarides," "^3.36 And our Quirinus' conquering arms, and there" '^3.37 Surging with war, and hugely flowing, the 3.38 And columns heaped on high with naval brass. ^3.39 And 3.40 And quelled Niphates, and the Parthian foe, ^3.41 Who trusts in flight and backward-volleying darts, ^3.42 And trophies torn with twice triumphant hand' "^3.43 From empires twain on ocean's either shore." '^3.44 And breathing forms of Parian marble there ^3.45 Shall stand, the offspring of Assaracus, ^3.46 And great names of the Jove-descended folk, ^3.47 And father Tros, and

43. None, None, nan
Tagged with subjects: • ecphrasis • ekphrasis

Found in books: Greensmith (2021), The Resurrection of Homer in Imperial Greek Epic: Quintus Smyrnaeus' Posthomerica and the Poetics of Impersonation, 97; Maciver (2012), Quintus Smyrnaeus' Posthomerica: Engaging Homer in Late Antiquity, 53

44. None, None, nan
Tagged with subjects: • Ekphrasis • ekphrasis

Found in books: Augoustakis (2014), Flavian Poetry and its Greek Past, 159, 184; Manolaraki (2012), Noscendi Nilum Cupido: Imagining Egypt from Lucan to Philostratus, 149; Verhagen (2022), Security and Credit in Roman Law: The Historical Evolution of Pignus and Hypotheca, 159, 184

45. None, None, nan
Tagged with subjects: • Juno (Hera),, ekphrasis linked to temple of • ecphrasis

Found in books: Edmondson (2008), Roman Dress and the Fabrics of Roman Culture, 206, 207, 208, 213; Johnson (2008), Ovid before Exile: Art and Punishment in the Metamorphoses, 91

46. None, None, nan
Tagged with subjects: • ecphrasis • ekphrasis • ekphrasis/ecphrasis

Found in books: Bowie (2023), Essays on Ancient Greek Literature and Culture, Volume 2: Comedy, Herodotus, Hellenistic and Imperial Greek Poetry, the Novels. 554, 750, 903; Cueva et al. (2018b), Re-Wiring the Ancient Novel. Volume 2: Roman Novels and Other Important Texts, 347; Lipka (2021), Epiphanies and Dreams in Greek Polytheism: Textual Genres and 'Reality' from Homer to Heliodorus, 215; MacDougall (2022), Philosophy at the Festival: The Festal Orations of Gregory of Nazianzus and the Classical Tradition. 22; Pinheiro Bierl and Beck (2013), Anton Bierl? and Roger Beck?, Intende, Lector - Echoes of Myth, Religion and Ritual in the Ancient Novel, 71

47. None, None, nan
Tagged with subjects: • Pythagoreans, ekphrasis • ekphrasis • ekphrasis, • ekphrasis, Eusebius on Constantine’s building projects as

Found in books: Ayres Champion and Crawford (2023), The Intellectual World of Late Antique Christianity: Reshaping Classical Traditions. 501; Robbins et al. (2017), The Art of Visual Exegesis, 177

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Tiresias: The Ancient Mediterranean Religions Source Database