1. Septuagint, Tobit, 13.2 (th cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Dust • dust
Found in books: Garcia (2021), On Human Nature in Early Judaism: Creation, Composition, and Condition, 33, 63; Levison (2023), The Greek Life of Adam and Eve. 599, 942
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13.2 For he afflicts, and he shows mercy;he leads down to Hades, and brings up again,and there is no one who can escape his hand.'' None |
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2. Hebrew Bible, Genesis, 1.26-1.28, 2.7, 2.17-2.18, 2.22, 3.8, 3.17-3.19 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Adam/adam, and dust • Dust • creature, of dust • dust • vessels, of dust
Found in books: Garcia (2021), On Human Nature in Early Judaism: Creation, Composition, and Condition, 23, 27, 28, 31, 32, 34, 35, 38, 42, 47, 48, 50, 63, 64, 65, 68, 72, 76, 81, 84, 88, 92, 93, 95, 96, 102, 103, 104, 106, 109, 237; Levison (2009), Filled with the Spirit, 15, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 26, 28, 150, 204, 209, 310, 311, 312, 313; Levison (2023), The Greek Life of Adam and Eve. 137, 293, 304, 305, 324, 347, 403, 426, 610, 654, 656, 694, 783, 836, 890, 959, 960, 976, 980, 985, 986, 993, 994, 1004
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1.26 וַיֹּאמֶר אֱלֹהִים נַעֲשֶׂה אָדָם בְּצַלְמֵנוּ כִּדְמוּתֵנוּ וְיִרְדּוּ בִדְגַת הַיָּם וּבְעוֹף הַשָּׁמַיִם וּבַבְּהֵמָה וּבְכָל־הָאָרֶץ וּבְכָל־הָרֶמֶשׂ הָרֹמֵשׂ עַל־הָאָרֶץ׃ 1.27 וַיִּבְרָא אֱלֹהִים אֶת־הָאָדָם בְּצַלְמוֹ בְּצֶלֶם אֱלֹהִים בָּרָא אֹתוֹ זָכָר וּנְקֵבָה בָּרָא אֹתָם׃ 1.28 וַיְבָרֶךְ אֹתָם אֱלֹהִים וַיֹּאמֶר לָהֶם אֱלֹהִים פְּרוּ וּרְבוּ וּמִלְאוּ אֶת־הָאָרֶץ וְכִבְשֻׁהָ וּרְדוּ בִּדְגַת הַיָּם וּבְעוֹף הַשָּׁמַיִם וּבְכָל־חַיָּה הָרֹמֶשֶׂת עַל־הָאָרֶץ׃
2.7 וַיִּיצֶר יְהוָה אֱלֹהִים אֶת־הָאָדָם עָפָר מִן־הָאֲדָמָה וַיִּפַּח בְּאַפָּיו נִשְׁמַת חַיִּים וַיְהִי הָאָדָם לְנֶפֶשׁ חַיָּה׃
2.17 וּמֵעֵץ הַדַּעַת טוֹב וָרָע לֹא תֹאכַל מִמֶּנּוּ כִּי בְּיוֹם אֲכָלְךָ מִמֶּנּוּ מוֹת תָּמוּת׃ 2.18 וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוָה אֱלֹהִים לֹא־טוֹב הֱיוֹת הָאָדָם לְבַדּוֹ אֶעֱשֶׂהּ־לּוֹ עֵזֶר כְּנֶגְדּוֹ׃
2.22 וַיִּבֶן יְהוָה אֱלֹהִים אֶת־הַצֵּלָע אֲשֶׁר־לָקַח מִן־הָאָדָם לְאִשָּׁה וַיְבִאֶהָ אֶל־הָאָדָם׃
3.8 וַיִּשְׁמְעוּ אֶת־קוֹל יְהוָה אֱלֹהִים מִתְהַלֵּךְ בַּגָּן לְרוּחַ הַיּוֹם וַיִּתְחַבֵּא הָאָדָם וְאִשְׁתּוֹ מִפְּנֵי יְהוָה אֱלֹהִים בְּתוֹךְ עֵץ הַגָּן׃
3.17 וּלְאָדָם אָמַר כִּי־שָׁמַעְתָּ לְקוֹל אִשְׁתֶּךָ וַתֹּאכַל מִן־הָעֵץ אֲשֶׁר צִוִּיתִיךָ לֵאמֹר לֹא תֹאכַל מִמֶּנּוּ אֲרוּרָה הָאֲדָמָה בַּעֲבוּרֶךָ בְּעִצָּבוֹן תֹּאכֲלֶנָּה כֹּל יְמֵי חַיֶּיךָ׃ 3.18 וְקוֹץ וְדַרְדַּר תַּצְמִיחַ לָךְ וְאָכַלְתָּ אֶת־עֵשֶׂב הַשָּׂדֶה׃ 3.19 בְּזֵעַת אַפֶּיךָ תֹּאכַל לֶחֶם עַד שׁוּבְךָ אֶל־הָאֲדָמָה כִּי מִמֶּנָּה לֻקָּחְתָּ כִּי־עָפָר אַתָּה וְאֶל־עָפָר תָּשׁוּב׃' ' None | sup>
1.26 And God said: ‘Let us make man in our image, after our likeness; and let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over the cattle, and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth.’ 1.27 And God created man in His own image, in the image of God created He him; male and female created He them. 1.28 And God blessed them; and God said unto them: ‘Be fruitful, and multiply, and replenish the earth, and subdue it; and have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over every living thing that creepeth upon the earth.’
2.7 Then the LORD God formed man of the dust of the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; and man became a living soul.
2.17 but of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, thou shalt not eat of it; for in the day that thou eatest thereof thou shalt surely die.’ 2.18 And the LORD God said: ‘It is not good that the man should be alone; I will make him a help meet for him.’
2.22 And the rib, which the LORD God had taken from the man, made He a woman, and brought her unto the man.
3.8 And they heard the voice of the LORD God walking in the garden toward the cool of the day; and the man and his wife hid themselves from the presence of the LORD God amongst the trees of the garden.
3.17 And unto Adam He said: ‘Because thou hast hearkened unto the voice of thy wife, and hast eaten of the tree, of which I commanded thee, saying: Thou shalt not eat of it; cursed is the ground for thy sake; in toil shalt thou eat of it all the days of thy life. 3.18 Thorns also and thistles shall it bring forth to thee; and thou shalt eat the herb of the field. 3.19 In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread, till thou return unto the ground; for out of it wast thou taken; for dust thou art, and unto dust shalt thou return.’' ' None |
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3. Hebrew Bible, Job, 34.15 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Adam/adam, and dust • Dust
Found in books: Levison (2009), Filled with the Spirit, 19; Levison (2023), The Greek Life of Adam and Eve. 780
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34.15 יִגְוַע כָּל־בָּשָׂר יָחַד וְאָדָם עַל־עָפָר יָשׁוּב׃'' None | sup>
34.15 All flesh shall perish together, And man shall return unto dust.'' None |
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4. Hebrew Bible, Isaiah, 26.5, 26.19, 29.16 (8th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Dust • creature, of dust • dust • vessels, of dust
Found in books: Garcia (2021), On Human Nature in Early Judaism: Creation, Composition, and Condition, 34, 47, 50, 93; Levison (2023), The Greek Life of Adam and Eve. 599, 984, 993
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26.19 יִחְיוּ מֵתֶיךָ נְבֵלָתִי יְקוּמוּן הָקִיצוּ וְרַנְּנוּ שֹׁכְנֵי עָפָר כִּי טַל אוֹרֹת טַלֶּךָ וָאָרֶץ רְפָאִים תַּפִּיל׃
29.16 הַפְכְּכֶם אִם־כְּחֹמֶר הַיֹּצֵר יֵחָשֵׁב כִּי־יֹאמַר מַעֲשֶׂה לְעֹשֵׂהוּ לֹא עָשָׂנִי וְיֵצֶר אָמַר לְיוֹצְרוֹ לֹא הֵבִין׃' ' None | sup>
26.19 Thy dead shall live, my dead bodies shall arise— Awake and sing, ye that dwell in the dust— For Thy dew is as the dew of light, And the earth shall bring to life the shades.
29.16 O your perversity! Shall the potter be esteemed as clay; that the thing made should say of him that made it: ‘He made me not’; Or the thing framed say of him that framed it: ‘He hath no understanding?’' ' None |
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5. Hebrew Bible, Lamentations, 2.10 (8th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Dust • Zion, as rising from the dust
Found in books: Levison (2023), The Greek Life of Adam and Eve. 310; Stern (2004), From Rebuke to Consolation: Exegesis and Theology in the Liturgical Anthology of the Ninth of Av Season, 55, 124, 127
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2.10 They sit upon the ground, and keep silence, The elders of the daughter of Zion; They have cast up dust upon their heads, They have girded themselves with sackcloth; The virgins of Jerusalem hang down Their heads to the ground.'' None |
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6. Hebrew Bible, Ezekiel, 27.30, 36.27 (6th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Dust
Found in books: Levison (2009), Filled with the Spirit, 204, 206, 308; Levison (2023), The Greek Life of Adam and Eve. 311, 990
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36.27 וְאֶת־רוּחִי אֶתֵּן בְּקִרְבְּכֶם וְעָשִׂיתִי אֵת אֲשֶׁר־בְּחֻקַּי תֵּלֵכוּ וּמִשְׁפָּטַי תִּשְׁמְרוּ וַעֲשִׂיתֶם׃' ' None | sup>
27.30 And shall cause their voice to be heard over thee, And shall cry bitterly, And shall cast up dust upon their heads, They shall roll themselves in the ashes;
36.27 And I will put My spirit within you, and cause you to walk in My statutes, and ye shall keep Mine ordices, and do them.'' None |
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7. Hebrew Bible, Ecclesiastes, 3.18-3.22, 4.2-4.3, 12.6-12.7 (5th cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Adam/adam, and dust • Dust • creature, of dust • dust
Found in books: Garcia (2021), On Human Nature in Early Judaism: Creation, Composition, and Condition, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 65, 92; Levison (2009), Filled with the Spirit, 21; Levison (2023), The Greek Life of Adam and Eve. 783, 1047
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3.18 אָמַרְתִּי אֲנִי בְּלִבִּי עַל־דִּבְרַת בְּנֵי הָאָדָם לְבָרָם הָאֱלֹהִים וְלִרְאוֹת שְׁהֶם־בְּהֵמָה הֵמָּה לָהֶם׃ 3.19 כִּי מִקְרֶה בְנֵי־הָאָדָם וּמִקְרֶה הַבְּהֵמָה וּמִקְרֶה אֶחָד לָהֶם כְּמוֹת זֶה כֵּן מוֹת זֶה וְרוּחַ אֶחָד לַכֹּל וּמוֹתַר הָאָדָם מִן־הַבְּהֵמָה אָיִן כִּי הַכֹּל הָבֶל׃' '3.21 מִי יוֹדֵעַ רוּחַ בְּנֵי הָאָדָם הָעֹלָה הִיא לְמָעְלָה וְרוּחַ הַבְּהֵמָה הַיֹּרֶדֶת הִיא לְמַטָּה לָאָרֶץ׃ 3.22 וְרָאִיתִי כִּי אֵין טוֹב מֵאֲשֶׁר יִשְׂמַח הָאָדָם בְּמַעֲשָׂיו כִּי־הוּא חֶלְקוֹ כִּי מִי יְבִיאֶנּוּ לִרְאוֹת בְּמֶה שֶׁיִּהְיֶה אַחֲרָיו׃
4.2 וְשַׁבֵּחַ אֲנִי אֶת־הַמֵּתִים שֶׁכְּבָר מֵתוּ מִן־הַחַיִּים אֲשֶׁר הֵמָּה חַיִּים עֲדֶנָה׃ 4.3 וְטוֹב מִשְּׁנֵיהֶם אֵת אֲשֶׁר־עֲדֶן לֹא הָיָה אֲשֶׁר לֹא־רָאָה אֶת־הַמַּעֲשֶׂה הָרָע אֲשֶׁר נַעֲשָׂה תַּחַת הַשָּׁמֶשׁ׃
12.6 עַד אֲשֶׁר לֹא־ירחק יֵרָתֵק חֶבֶל הַכֶּסֶף וְתָרֻץ גֻּלַּת הַזָּהָב וְתִשָּׁבֶר כַּד עַל־הַמַּבּוּעַ וְנָרֹץ הַגַּלְגַּל אֶל־הַבּוֹר׃ 12.7 וְיָשֹׁב הֶעָפָר עַל־הָאָרֶץ כְּשֶׁהָיָה וְהָרוּחַ תָּשׁוּב אֶל־הָאֱלֹהִים אֲשֶׁר נְתָנָהּ׃'' None | sup>
3.18 I said in my heart: ‘It is because of the sons of men, that God may sift them, and that they may see that they themselves are but as beasts.’ 3.19 For that which befalleth the sons of men befalleth beasts; even one thing befalleth them; as the one dieth, so dieth the other; yea, they have all one breath; so that man hath no pre-eminence above a beast; for all is vanity. 3.20 All go unto one place; all are of the dust, and all return to dust. 3.21 Who knoweth the spirit of man whether it goeth upward, and the spirit of the beast whether it goeth downward to the earth? 3.22 Wherefore I perceived that there is nothing better, than that a man should rejoice in his works; for that is his portion; for who shall bring him to see what shall be after him?
4.2 Wherefore I praised the dead that are already dead more than the living that are yet alive; 4.3 but better than they both is he that hath not yet been, who hath not seen the evil work that is done under the sun.
12.6 Before the silver cord is snapped asunder, and the golden bowl is shattered, And the pitcher is broken at the fountain, and the wheel falleth shattered, into the pit; 12.7 And the dust returneth to the earth as it was, and the spirit returneth unto God who gave it.'' None |
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8. Anon., Jubilees, 2.3, 3.8-3.14 (2nd cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Dust • dust
Found in books: Garcia (2021), On Human Nature in Early Judaism: Creation, Composition, and Condition, 237; Levison (2009), Filled with the Spirit, 209; Levison (2023), The Greek Life of Adam and Eve. 624, 718, 750, 993
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2.3 For on the first day He created the heavens which are above and the earth and the waters and all the spirits which serve before Him
3.8 And He awaked Adam out of his sleep and on awaking he rose on the sixth day, and He brought her to him, and he knew her, and said unto her: 3.9 "This is now bone of my bones and flesh of my flesh; she will be called my wife; because she was taken from her husband." 3.10 Therefore shall man and wife be one, and therefore shall a man leave his father and his mother, and cleave unto his wife, and they shall be one flesh. 3.11 In the first week was Adam created, and the rib--his wife: in the second week He showed her unto him: 3.12 and for this reason the commandment was given to keep in their defilement, for a male seven days, and for a female twice seven days. 3.13 And after Adam had completed forty days in the land where he had been created, we brought him into the Garden of Eden to till and keep it, but his wife they brought in on the eightieth day, and after this she entered into the Garden of Eden. 3.14 And for this reason the commandment is written on the heavenly tables in regard to her that giveth birth:'' None |
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9. Septuagint, Ecclesiasticus (Siracides), 17.1-17.4, 30.19 (2nd cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Dust • dust • vessels, of dust
Found in books: Garcia (2021), On Human Nature in Early Judaism: Creation, Composition, and Condition, 31, 32, 34, 38, 40, 42, 47, 48, 63, 65, 66; Levison (2023), The Greek Life of Adam and Eve. 411, 1046
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17.1 And they will praise his holy name,to proclaim the grandeur of his works.
17.1 The Lord created man out of earth,and turned him back to it again. 17.2 He gave to men few days, a limited time,but granted them authority over the things upon the earth. 17.2 Their iniquities are not hidden from him,and all their sins are before the Lord. 17.3 He endowed them with strength like his own,and made them in his own image. 17.4 He placed the fear of them in all living beings,and granted them dominion over beasts and birds.' ' None |
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10. Septuagint, Wisdom of Solomon, 2.12-2.13, 2.23, 15.8-15.11 (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Adam/adam, and dust • Dust • dust
Found in books: Garcia (2021), On Human Nature in Early Judaism: Creation, Composition, and Condition, 56, 58, 60, 63, 66; Levison (2009), Filled with the Spirit, 371; Levison (2023), The Greek Life of Adam and Eve. 411, 693, 783
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2.12 And the earth recognized all Thy righteous judgements, O God.
2.12 "Let us lie in wait for the righteous man,because he is inconvenient to us and opposes our actions;he reproaches us for sins against the law,and accuses us of sins against our training. 2.13 They set the sons of Jerusalem to be mocked at in return for (the) harlots in her; Every wayfarer entered in in the full light of day. 2.13 He professes to have knowledge of God,and calls himself a child of the Lord.
2.23 In dishonour was her beauty cast upon the ground.
2.23 for God created man for incorruption,and made him in the image of his own eternity,
15.8 For the mark of God is upon the righteous that they .may be saved. Famine and sword and pestilence (shall be) far from the righteous,
15.8 With misspent toil, he forms a futile god from the same clay -- this man who was made of earth a short time before and after a little while goes to the earth from which he was taken,when he is required to return the soul that was lent him. 15.9 But he is not concerned that he is destined to die or that his life is brief,but he competes with workers in gold and silver,and imitates workers in copper;and he counts it his glory that he molds counterfeit gods. 15.9 For they shall flee away from the pious as men pursued in war; But they shall pursue sinners and overtake (them), And they that do lawlessness shall not escape the judgement of God; As by enemies experienced (in war) shall they be overtaken, 15.10 For the mark of destruction is upon their forehead. 15.10 His heart is ashes, his hope is cheaper than dirt,and his life is of less worth than clay, 15.11 And the inheritance of sinners is destruction and darkness, And their iniquities shall pursue them unto Sheol beneath. 15.11 because he failed to know the one who formed him and inspired him with an active soul and breathed into him a living spirit."'' None |
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11. None, None, nan (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Dust • creature, of dust • dust
Found in books: Garcia (2021), On Human Nature in Early Judaism: Creation, Composition, and Condition, 93, 95, 97, 99, 103, 109, 179, 180, 220; Levison (2009), Filled with the Spirit, 187, 204, 205, 206, 208, 313
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12. Philo of Alexandria, On The Creation of The World, 134 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Adam/adam, and dust • dust
Found in books: Garcia (2021), On Human Nature in Early Judaism: Creation, Composition, and Condition, 72; Levison (2009), Filled with the Spirit, 371
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134 After this, Moses says that "God made man, having taken clay from the earth, and he breathed into his face the breath of life." And by this expression he shows most clearly that there is a vast difference between man as generated now, and the first man who was made according to the image of God. For man as formed now is perceptible to the external senses, partaking of qualities, consisting of body and soul, man or woman, by nature mortal. But man, made according to the image of God, was an idea, or a genus, or a seal, perceptible only by the intellect, incorporeal, neither male nor female, imperishable by nature. '' None |
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13. Philo of Alexandria, Who Is The Heir, 57 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Dust • dust
Found in books: Garcia (2021), On Human Nature in Early Judaism: Creation, Composition, and Condition, 108; Levison (2009), Filled with the Spirit, 150
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57 So that the race of mankind also is twofold, the one being the race of those who live by the divine Spirit and reason; the other of those who exist according to blood and the pleasure of the flesh. This species is formed of the earth, but that other is an accurate copy of the divine image; '' None |
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14. None, None, nan (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Dust • dust
Found in books: Garcia (2021), On Human Nature in Early Judaism: Creation, Composition, and Condition, 76; Levison (2009), Filled with the Spirit, 310
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15. New Testament, 1 Corinthians, 15.49 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Dust
Found in books: Levison (2009), Filled with the Spirit, 308, 313; Levison (2023), The Greek Life of Adam and Eve. 411
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15.49 καὶ καθὼς ἐφορέσαμεν τὴν εἰκόνα τοῦ χοϊκοῦ φορέσωμεν καὶ τὴν εἰκόνα τοῦ ἐπουρανίου.'' None | sup>
15.49 As we haveborne the image of those made of dust, let's also bear the image of theheavenly."" None |
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16. None, None, nan
Tagged with subjects: • Dust • creature, of dust • dust
Found in books: Garcia (2021), On Human Nature in Early Judaism: Creation, Composition, and Condition, 86, 109; Levison (2023), The Greek Life of Adam and Eve. 125, 411, 836, 984
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