11. Dionysius of Halycarnassus, Roman Antiquities, 1.73.3, 3.2-3.30 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Dido
Found in books: Augoustakis (2014) 270, 280; Verhagen (2022) 270, 280
| 1.73.3. \xa0Others say that after the death of Aeneas Ascanius, having succeeded to the entire sovereignty of the Latins, divided both the country and the forces of the Latins into three parts, two of which he gave to his brothers, Romulus and Remus. He himself, they say, built Alba and some other towns; Remus built cities which he named Capuas, after Capys, his great-grandfather, Anchisa, after his grandfather Anchises, Aeneia (which was afterwards called Janiculum), after his father, and Rome, after himself. This last city was for some time deserted, but upon the arrival of another colony, which the Albans sent out under the leadership of Romulus and Remus, it received again its ancient name. So that, according to this account, there were two settlements of Rome, one a little after the Trojan war, and the other fifteen generations after the first. <
3.2. 1. \xa0Many military exploits are related of him, but the greatest are those which I\xa0shall now narrate, beginning with the war against the Albans. The man responsible for the quarrel between the two cities and the severing of their bond of kinship was an Alban named Cluilius, who had been honoured with the chief magistracy; this man, vexed at the prosperity of the Romans and unable to contain his envy, and being by nature headstrong and somewhat inclined to madness, resolved to involve the cities in war with each other.,2. \xa0But not seeing how he could persuade the Albans to permit him to lead an army against the Romans without just and urgent reasons, he contrived a plan of the following sort: he permitted the poorest and boldest of the Albans to pillage the fields of the Romans, promising them immunity, and so caused many to overrun the neighbouring territory in a series of plundering raids, as they would now be pursuing without danger gains from which they would never desist even under the constraint of fear.,3. \xa0In doing this he was following a very natural line of reasoning, as the event bore witness. For he assumed that the Romans would not submit to being plundered but would rush to arms, and he would thus have an opportunity of accusing them to his people as the aggressors in the war; and he also believed that the majority of the Albans, envying the prosperity of their colony, would gladly listen to these false accusations and would begin war against the Romans. And that is just what happened.,4. \xa0For when the worst elements of each city fell to robbing and plundering each other and at last a Roman army made an incursion into the territory of the Albans and killed or took prisoner many of the bandits, Cluilius assembled the people and inveighed against the Romans at great length, showed them many who were wounded, produced the relations of those who had been seized or slain, and at the same time added other circumstances of his own invention; whereupon it was voted on his motion to send an embassy first of all to demand satisfaction for what had happened, and then, if the Romans refused it, to begin war against them. 3.3. 1. \xa0Upon the arrival of the ambassadors at Rome, Tullius, suspecting that they had come to demand satisfaction, resolved to anticipate them in doing this, since he wished to turn upon the Albans the blame for breaking the compact between them and their colony. For there existed a treaty between the two cities which had been made in the reign of Romulus, wherein, among other articles, it was stipulated that neither of them should begin a war, but if either complained of any injury whatsoever, that city would demand satisfaction from the city which had done the injury, and failing to obtain it, should then make war as a matter of necessity, the treaty being looked upon as already broken.,2. \xa0Tullius, therefore, taking care that the Romans should not be the first called upon to give satisfaction and, by refusing it, become guilty in the eyes of the Albans, ordered the most distinguished of his friends to entertain the ambassadors of the Albans with every courtesy and to detain them inside their homes while he himself, pretending to be occupied with some necessary business, put off their audience.,3. \xa0The following night he sent to Alba some Romans of distinction, duly instructed as to the course they should pursue, together with the fetiales, to demand satisfaction from the Albans for the injuries the Romans had received. These, having performed their journey before sunrise, found Cluilius in the market-place at the time when the early morning crowd was gathered there. And having set forth the injuries which the Romans had received at the hands of the Albans, they demanded that he should act in conformity with the compact between the cities.,4. \xa0But Cluilius, alleging that the Albans had been first in sending envoys to Rome to demand satisfaction and had not even been vouchsafed an answer, ordered the Romans to depart, on the ground that they had violated the terms of the treaty, and declared war against them. The chief of the embassy, however, as he was departing, demanded from Cluilius an answer to just this one question, namely, whether he admitted that those were violating the treaty who, being the first called upon to give satisfaction, had refused to comply with any part of their obligation.,5. \xa0And when Cluilius said he did, he exclaimed: "Well, then, I\xa0call the gods, whom we made witnesses of our treaty, to witness that the Romans, having been the first to be refused satisfaction, will be undertaking a just war against the violators of that treaty, and that it is you Albans who have avoided giving satisfaction, as the events themselves show. For you, being the first called upon for satisfaction, have refused it and you have been the first to declare war against us. Look, therefore, for vengeance to come upon you ere long with the sword.",6. \xa0Tullius, having learned of all this from the ambassadors upon their return to Rome, then ordered the Albans to be brought before him and to state the reasons for their coming; and when they had delivered the message entrusted to them by Cluilius and were threatening war in case they did not obtain satisfaction, he replied: "I\xa0have anticipated you in doing this, and having obtained nothing that the treaty directs, I\xa0declare against the Albans the war that is both necessary and just." ' "3.4. 1. \xa0After these pretences they both prepared themselves for war, not only arming their own forces but also calling to their assistance those of their subjects. And when they had everything ready the two armies drew near to each other and encamped at the distance of forty stades from Rome, the Albans at the Cluilian Ditches, as they are called (for they still preserve the name of the man who constructed them) and the Romans a little farther inside, having chosen the most convenient place for their camp.,2. \xa0When the two armies saw each other's forces neither inferior in numbers nor poorly armed nor to be despised in respect of their other preparations, they lost their impetuous ardour for the combat, which they had felt at first because of their expectation of defeating the enemy by their very onset, and they took thought rather of defending themselves by building their ramparts to a greater height than of being the first to attack. At the same time the most intelligent among them began to reflect, feeling that they were not being governed by the best counsels, and there was a spirit of faultfinding against those in authority.,3. \xa0And as the time dragged on in vain (for they were not injuring one another to any notable extent by sudden dashes of the light-armed troops or by skirmishes of the horse), the man who was looked upon as responsible for the war, Cluilius, being irked at lying idle, resolved to march out with his army and challenge the enemy to battle, and if they declined it, to attack their entrenchments.,4. \xa0And having made his preparations for an engagement and all the plans necessary for an attack upon the enemy's ramparts, in case that should prove necessary, when night came on he went to sleep in the general's tent, attended by his usual guard; but about daybreak he was found dead, no signs appearing on his body either of wounds, strangling, poison, or any other violent death. " "3.5. 1. \xa0This unfortunate event appearing extraordinary to everybody, as one would naturally expect, and the cause of it being enquired into â\x80\x94 for no preceding illness could be alleged â\x80\x94 those who ascribed all human fortunes to divine providence said that this death had been due to the anger of the gods, because he had handled an unjust and unnecessary war between the mother-city and her colony. But others, who looked upon war as a profitable business and thought they had been deprived of great gains, attributed the event to human treachery and envy, accusing some of his fellow citizens of the opposing faction of having made away with him by secret and untraceable poisons that they had discovered.,2. \xa0Still others alleged that, being overcome with grief and despair, he had taken his own life, since all his plans were becoming difficult and impracticable and none of the things that he had looked forward to in the beginning when he first took hold of affairs was succeeding according to his desire. But those who were not influenced by either friendship or enmity for the general and based their judgment of what had happened on the soundest grounds were of the opinion that neither the anger of the gods nor the envy of the opposing faction nor despair of his plans had put an end to his life, but rather Nature's stern law and fate, when once he had finished the destined course which is marked out for everyone that is born.,3. \xa0Such, then, was the end that Cluilius met, before he had performed any noble deed. In his place Mettius Fufetius was chosen general by those in the camp and invested with absolute power; he was a man without either ability to conduct a war or constancy to preserve a peace, one who, though he had been at first as zealous as any of the Albans in creating strife between the two cities and for that reason had been honoured with the command after the death of Cluilius, yet after he had obtained it and perceived the many difficulties and embarrassments with which the business was attended, no longer adhered to the same plans, but resolved to delay and put off matters, since he observed that not all the Albans now had the same ardour for war and also that the victims, whenever he offered sacrifice concerning battle, were unfavourable.,4. \xa0And at last he even determined to invite the enemy to an accommodation, taking the initiative himself in sending heralds, after he had been informed of a danger from the outside which threatened both the Albans and Romans, a danger which, if they did not terminate their war with each other by a treaty, was unavoidable and bound to destroy both armies. The danger was this: " "3.6. 1. \xa0The Veientes and Fidenates, who inhabited large and populous cities, had in the reign of Romulus engaged in a war with the Romans for command and sovereignty, and after losing many armies in the course of the war and being punished by the loss of part of their territory, they had been forced to become subjects of the conquerors; concerning which I\xa0have given a precise account in the preceding Book. But having enjoyed an uninterrupted peace during the reign of Numa Pompilius, they had greatly increased in population, wealth and every other form of prosperity. Elated, therefore, by these advantages, they again aspired to freedom, assumed a bolder spirit and prepared to yield obedience to the Romans no longer.,2. \xa0For a time, indeed, their intention of revolting remained undiscovered, but during the Alban war it became manifest. For when they learned that the Romans had marched out with all their forces to engaged the Albans, they thought that they had now got the most favourable opportunity for their attack, and through their most influential men they entered into a secret conspiracy. It was arranged that all who were capable of bearing arms should assemble in Fidenae, going secretly, a\xa0few at a time, so as to escape as far as possible the notice of those against whom the plot was aimed,,3. \xa0and should remain there awaiting the moment when the armies of the Romans and Albans should quit their camps and march out to battle, the actual time to be indicated to them by means of signals given by some scouts posted on the mountains; and as soon as the signals were raised they were all to take arms and advance in haste against the combatants (the road leading from Fidenae to the camps was not a long one, but only a march of two or three hours at most), and appearing on the battlefield at the time when presumably the conflict would be over, they were to regard neither side as friends, but whether the Romans or the Albans had won, were to slay the victors. This was the plan of action on which the chiefs of those cities had determined.,4. \xa0If, therefore, the Albans, in their contempt for the Romans, had rushed more boldly into an engagement and had resolved to stake everything upon the issue of a single battle, nothing could have hindered the treachery contrived against them from remaining secret and both their armies from being destroyed. But as it was, their delay in beginning war, contrary to all expectations, and the length of time they employed in making their preparations were bringing their foes' plans to nought. For some of the conspirators, either seeking to compass their private advantage or envying their leaders and those who had been the authors of the undertaking or fearing that others might lay information â\x80\x94 a\xa0thing which has often happened in conspiracies where there are many accomplices and the execution is long delayed â\x80\x94 or being compelled by the will of Heaven, which could not consent that a wicked design should meet with success, informed their enemies of the treachery. " '3.7. 1. \xa0Fufetius, upon learning of this, grew still more desirous of making an accommodation, feeling that they now had no choice left of any other course. The king of the Romans also had received information of this conspiracy from his friends in Fidenae, so that he, too, made no delay but hearkened to the overtures made by Fufetius. When the two met in the space between the camps, each being attended by his council consisting of persons of competent judgment, they first embraced, according to their former custom, and exchanged the greetings usual among friends and relations, and then proceeded to discuss an accommodation.,2. \xa0And first the Alban leader began as follows: "It seems to me necessary to begin my speech by setting forth the reasons why I\xa0have determined to take the initiative in proposing a termination of the war, though neither defeated by you Romans in battle nor hindered from supplying my army with provisions nor reduced to any other necessity, to the end that you may not imagine that a recognition of the weakness of my own force or a belief that yours is difficult to overcome makes me seek a plausible excuse for ending the war. For, should you entertain such an opinion of us, you would be intolerably severe, and, as if you were already victorious in the war, you could not bring yourself to do anything reasonable.,3. \xa0In order, therefore, that you may not impute to me false reasons for my purpose to end the war, listen to the true reasons. My country have been appointed me general with absolute power, as soon as I\xa0took over the command I\xa0considered what were the causes which had disturbed the peace of our cities. And finding them trivial and petty and of too little consequence to dissolve so great a friendship and kinship, I\xa0concluded that neither we Albans nor you Romans had been governed by the best counsels.,4. \xa0And I\xa0was further convinced of this and led to condemn the great madness that we both have shown, an once I\xa0had taken hold of affairs and began to sound out each man\'s private opinion. For I\xa0found that the Albans neither in their private meetings nor in their public assemblies were all of one mind regarding the war; and the signs from Heaven, whenever I\xa0consulted the victims concerning battle, presenting, as they did, far greater difficulties than those based on human reasoning, caused me great dismay and anxiety.,5. \xa0In view, therefore, of these considerations, I\xa0restrained my eagerness for armed conflicts and devised delays and postponements of the war, in the belief that you Romans would make the first overtures towards peace. And indeed you should have done this, Tullius, since you are our colony, and not have waited till your mother-city set the example. For the founders of cities have a right to receive as great respect from their colonies as parents from their children.,6. \xa0But while we have been delaying and watching each other, to see which side should first make friendly overtures, another motive, more compelling than any arguments drawn from human reason, has arisen to draw us together. And since I\xa0learned of this while it was yet a secret to you, I\xa0felt that I\xa0ought no longer to aim at appearances in concluding peace. For dreadful designs are being formed against us, Tullius, and a deadly plot has been woven against both of us, a plot which was bound to overwhelm and destroy us easily and without effort, bursting upon us like a conflagration or a flood.,7. \xa0The authors of these wicked designs are the chiefs of the Fidenates and Veientes, who have conspired together. Hear now the nature of their plot and how the knowledge of their secret design came to me." 3.8. 1. \xa0With these words he gave to one of those present the letters which a certain man had brought to him from his friends at Fidenae, and desired him to read them out; and at the same time he produced the man who had brought the letters. After they were read and the man had informed them of everything he had learned by word of mouth from the persons who had despatched the letters, all present were seized with great astonishment, as one would naturally expect upon their hearing of so great and so unexpected a danger. Then Fufetius, after a short pause, continued:,2. \xa0You have now heard, Romans, the reasons why I\xa0have thus far been postponing armed conflicts with you and have now thought fit to make the first overtures concerning peace. After this it is for you to consider whether, in order to avenge the seizure of some miserable oxen and sheep, you ought to continue to carry on an implacable war against year founders and fathers, in the course of which, whether conquered or conquerors, you are sure to be destroyed, or, laying aside your enmity toward your kinsmen, to march with us against our common foes, who have plotted not only to revolt from you but also to attack you â\x80\x94 although they have neither suffered any harm nor had any reason to fear that they should suffer any â\x80\x94 and, what is more, have not attacked us openly, according to the universally recognized laws of war, but under cover of darkness, so that their treachery could least be suspected and guarded against.,3. \xa0But I\xa0need say no more to convince you that we ought to lay aside our enmity and march with all speed against these impious men (for it would be madness to think otherwise), since you are already resolved and will pursue that resolution. But in what manner the terms of reconciliation may prove honourable and advantageous to both cities (for probably you have long been eager to hear this) I\xa0shall now endeavour to explain.,4. \xa0For my part, I\xa0hold that that mutual reconciliation is the best and the most becoming to kinsmen and friends, in which there is no rancour nor remembrance of past injuries, but a general and sincere remission of everything that has been done or suffered on both sides; less honourable than this form of reconciliation is one by which, indeed, the mass of the people are absolved of blame, but those who have injured one another are compelled to undergo such a trial as reason and law direct.,5. \xa0of these two methods of reconciliation, now, it is my opinion that we ought to choose the one which is the more honourable and magimous, and we ought to pass a decree of general amnesty. However, if you, Tullius, do not wish a reconciliation of this kind, but prefer that the accusers and the accused should mutually give and receive satisfaction, the Albans are also ready to do this, after first settling our mutual hatreds. And if, besides this, you have any other method to suggest which is either more honourable or more just, you cannot lay it before us too soon, and for doing so I\xa0shall be greatly obliged to you." 3.9. 1. \xa0After Fufetius had thus spoken, the king of the Romans answered him and said: "We also, Fufetius, felt that it would be a grave calamity for us if we were forced to decide this war between kinsmen by blood and slaughter, and whenever we performed the sacrifices preparatory to war we were forbidden by them to begin an engagement. As regards the secret conspiracy entered into by the Fidenates and Veientes against us both, we have learned of it, a little ahead of you, through our friends in their midst, and we are not unprepared against their plot, but have taken measures not only to suffer no mischief ourselves but also to punish those foes in such a manner as their treachery deserves. Nor were we less disposed than you to put an end to the war without a battle rather than by the sword;,2. \xa0yet we did not consider it fitting that we should be the first to send ambassadors to propose an accommodation, since we had not been the first to begin the war, but had merely defended ourselves against those who had begun it. But once you are ready to lay down your arms, we will gladly receive your proposal, and will not scrutinize too closely the terms of the reconciliation, but will accept those that are the best and the most magimous, forgiving every injury and offence we have received from the city of Alba â\x80\x94 if, indeed, those deserve to be called public offences of the city for which your general Cluilius was responsible, and has paid no mean penalty to the gods for the wrongs he did us both.,3. \xa0Let every occasion, therefore, for complaint, whether private or public, be removed and let no memory of past injuries any longer remain â\x80\x94 even as you also, Fufetius, think fitting. Yet it is not enough for us to consider merely how we may compose our present enmity toward one another, but we must further take measures to prevent our ever going to war again; for the purpose of our present meeting is not to obtain a postponement but rather an end of our evils. What settlement of the war, therefore, will be enduring and what contribution must each of us make toward the situation, in order that we may be friends both now and for all time? This, Fufetius, you have omitted to tell us; but I\xa0shall endeavour to go on and supply this omission also.,4. \xa0If, on the one hand, the Albans would cease to envy the Romans the advantages they possess, advantages which were acquired not without great perils and many hardships (in any case you have suffered no injury at our hands, great or slight, but you hate us for this reason alone, that we seem to be better off than you); and if, on the other hand, the Romans would cease to suspect the Albans of always plotting against them and would cease to be on their guard against them as against enemies (for no one can be a firm friend to one who distrusts him).,5. \xa0How, then, shall each of these results be brought about? Not by inserting them in the treaty, nor by our both swearing to them over the sacrificial victims â\x80\x94 for these are small and weak assurances â\x80\x94 but by looking upon each other\'s fortunes as common to us both. For there is only one cure, Fufetius, for the bitterness which men feel over the advantages of others, and that is for the envious no longer to regard the advantages of the envied as other than their own.,6. \xa0In order to accomplish this, I\xa0think the Romans ought to place equally at the disposal of the Albans all the advantages they either now or shall hereafter possess; and that the Albans ought cheerfully to accept this offer and all of you, if possible, or at least the most and the best of you, become residents of Rome. Was it not, indeed, a fine thing for the Sabines and Tyrrhenians to leave their own cities and transfer their habitation to Rome? And for you, who are our nearest kinsmen, will it not accordingly be a fine thing if this same step is taken?,7. \xa0If, however, you refuse to inhabit the same city with us, which is already large and will be larger, but are going to cling to your ancestral hearths, do this at least: appoint a single council to consider what shall be of advantage to each city, and give the supremacy to that one of the two cities which is the more powerful and is in a position to render the greater services to the weaker. This is what I\xa0recommend, and if these proposals are carried out I\xa0believe that we shall then be lasting friends; whereas, so long as we inhabit two cities of equal eminence, as at present, there never will be harmony between us." 3.10. 1. \xa0Fufetius, hearing this, desired time for taking counsel; and withdrawing from the assembly along with the Albans who were present, he consulted with them whether they should accept the proposals. Then, having taken the opinions of all, he returned to the assembly and spoke as follows: "We do not think it best, Tullius, to abandon our country or to desert the sanctuaries of our fathers, the hearths of our ancestors, and the place which our forbears have possessed for nearly five hundred years, particularly when we are not compelled to such a course either by war or by any other calamity inflicted by the hand of Heaven. But we are not opposed to establishing a single council and letting one of the two cities rule over the other.,2. \xa0Let this article, then, also be inserted in the treaty, if agreeable, and let every excuse for war be removed." These conditions having been agreed upon, they fell to disputing which of the two cities should be given the supremacy and many words were spoken by both of them upon this subject, each contending that his own city should rule over the other.,3. \xa0The claims advanced by the Alban leader were as follows: "As for us, Tullius, we deserve to rule over even all the rest of Italy, inasmuch as we represent a Greek nation and the greatest nation of all that inhabit this country. But to the sovereignty of the Latin nation, even if no other, we think ourselves entitled, not without reason, but in accordance with the universal law which Nature bestowed upon all men, that ancestors should rule their posterity. And above all our other colonies, against whom we have thus far no reason to complain, we think we ought to rule your city, having sent our colony thither not so long ago that the stock sprung from us is already extinct, exhausted by the lapse of time, but only the third generation before the present. If, indeed, Nature, inverting human rights, shall ever command the young to rule over the old and posterity over their progenitors, then we shall submit to seeing the mother-city ruled by its colony, but not before.,4. \xa0This, then, is one argument we offer in support of our claim, in virtue of which we will never willingly yield the command to you. Another argument â\x80\x94\xa0and do not take this as said by way of censure or reproach of you Romans, but only from necessity â\x80\x94 is the fact that the Alban race has to this day continued the same that it was under the founders of the city, and one cannot point to any race of mankind, except the Greeks and Latins, to whom we have granted citizenship; whereas you have corrupted the purity of your body politic by admitting Tyrrhenians, Sabines, and some others who were homeless, vagabonds and barbarians, and that in great numbers too, so that the true-born element among you that went out from our midst is become small, or rather a tiny fraction, in comparison with those who have been brought in and are of alien race.,5. \xa0And if we should yield the command to you, the base-born will rule over the true-born, barbarians over Greeks, and immigrants over the native-born. For you cannot even say this much for yourself, that you have not permitted this immigrant mob to gain any control of public affairs but that you native-born citizens are yourselves the rulers and councillors of the commonwealth. Why, even for your kings you choose outsiders, and the greatest part of your senate consists of these newcomers; and to none of these conditions can you assert that you submit willingly. For what man of superior rank willingly allows himself to be ruled by an inferior? It would be great folly and baseness, therefore, on our part to accept willingly those evils which you must own you submit to through necessity.,6. \xa0My last argument is this: The city of Alba has so far made no alteration in any part of its constitution, though it is already the eighteenth generation that it has been inhabited, but continues to observe in due form all its customs and traditions; whereas your city is still without order and discipline, due to its being newly founded and a conglomeration of many races, and it will require long ages and manifold turns of fortune in order to be regulated and freed from those troubles and dissensions with which it is now agitated. But all will agree that order ought to rule over confusion, experience over inexperience, and health over sickness; and you do wrong in demanding the reverse." After Fufetius had thus spoken, Tullius answered and said: "The right which is derived from Nature and the virtue of one\'s ancestors, Fufetius and ye men of Alba, is common to us both; for we both boast the same ancestors, so that on this score neither of use ought to have any advantage or suffer any disadvantage. But as to your claim that by a kind of necessary law of Nature mother-cities should invariably rule over their colonies, it is neither true nor just. 3.11. 2. \xa0Indeed, there are many races of mankind among which the mother-cities do not rule over their colonies but are subject to them. The greatest and the most conspicuous instance of this is the Spartan state, which claims the right not only to rule over the other Greeks but even over the Doric nation, of which she is a colony. But why should\xa0I mention the others? For you who colonized our city are yourself a colony of the Lavinians.,3. \xa0If, therefore, it is a law of Nature that the mother-city should rule over its colony, would not the Lavinians be the first to issue their just orders to both of us? To your first claim, then, and the one which carries with it the most specious appearance, this is a sufficient answer. But since you also undertook to compare the ways of life of the two cities, Fufetius, asserting that the nobility of the Albans has always remained the same while ours has been \'corrupted\' by the various admixtures of foreigners, and demanded that the base-born should not rule over the well-born nor newcomers over the native-born, know, then, that in making this claim, too, you are greatly mistaken.,4. \xa0For we are so far from being ashamed of having made the privileges of our city free to all who desired them that we even take the greatest pride in this course; moreover, we are not the originators of this admirable practice, but took the example from the city of Athens, which enjoys the greatest reputation among the Greeks, due in no small measure, if indeed not chiefly, to this very policy.,5. \xa0And this principle, which has been to us the source of many advantages, affords us no ground either for complaint or regret, as if we had committed some error. Our chief magistracies and membership in the senate are held and the other honours among us are enjoyed, not by men possessed of great fortunes, nor by those who can show a long line of ancestors all natives of the country, but by such as are worthy of these honours; for we look upon the nobility of men as consisting in nothing else than in virtue. The rest of the populace are the body of the commonwealth, contributing strength and power to the decisions of the best men. It is owing to this humane policy that our city, from a small and contemptible beginning, is become large and formidable to its neighbours, and it is this policy which you condemn, Fufetius, that his laid for trains the foundation of that supremacy which none of the other Latins disputes with us.,6. \xa0For the power of states consists in the force of arms, and this in turn depends upon a multitude of citizens; whereas, for small states that are sparsely populated and for that reason weak it is not possible to rule others, nay, even to rule themselves.,7. \xa0On the whole, I\xa0am of the opinion that a man should only then disparage the government of other states and extol his own when he can show that his own, by following the principles he lays down, is grown flourishing and great, and that the states he censures, by not adopting them, are in an unhappy plight. But this is not our situation. On the contrary, your city, beginning with greater brilliance and enjoying greater resources than ours, has shrunk to lesser importance, while we, from small beginnings at first, have in a short time made Rome greater than all the neighbouring cities by following the very policies you condemned.,8. \xa0And as for our factional strife â\x80\x94 since this also, Fufetius, met with your censure â\x80\x94 it tends, not to destroy and diminish the commonwealth, but to preserve and enhance it. For there is emulation between our youths and our older men and between the newcomers and those who invited them in, to see which of us shall do more for the common welfare.,9. \xa0In short, those who are going to rule others ought to be endowed with these two qualities, strength in war and prudence in counsel, both of which are present in our case. And that this is no empty boast, experience, more powerful than any argument, bears us witness. It is certain in any case that the city could not have attained to such greatness and power in the third generation after its founding, had not both valour and prudence abounded in it. Suffer proof of its strength is afforded by the behaviour of many cities of the Latin race which owe their founding to you, but which, nevertheless, scorning your city, have come over us, choosing rather to be ruled by the Romans than by the Albans, because they look upon us as capable of doing both good to our friends and harm to our enemies, and upon you as capable of neither.,10. \xa0I\xa0had many other arguments, and valid ones, Fufetius, to advance against the claims which you have presented; but as I\xa0see that argument is futile and that the result will be the same whether I\xa0say much or little to you, who, though our adversaries, are at the same time the arbiters of justice, I\xa0will make an end of speaking. However, since I\xa0conceive that there is but one way of deciding our differences which is the best and has been made use of by many, both barbarians and Greeks, when hatred has arisen between them either over the supremacy or over some territory in dispute, I\xa0shall propose this and then conclude.,11. \xa0Let each of us fight the battle with some part of our forces and limit the fortune of war to a very small number of combatants; and let us give to that city whose champions shall overcome their adversaries the supremacy over the other. For such contests as cannot be determined by arguments are decided by arms." 3.12. 1. \xa0These were the reasons urged by the two generals to support the pretensions of their respective cities to the supremacy; and the outcome of the discussion was the adoption of the plan Tullius proposed. For both the Albans and Romans who were present at the conference, in their desire to put a speedy end to the war, resolved to decide the controversy by arms. This also being agreed to, the question arose concerning the number of the combatants, since the two generals were not of the same mind.,2. \xa0For Tullius desired that the fate of the war might be decided by the smallest possible number of combatants, the most distinguished man among the Albans fighting the bravest of the Romans in single combat, and he cheerfully offered himself to fight for his own country, inviting the Alban leader to emulate him. He pointed out that for those who have assumed the command of armies combats for sovereignty and power are glorious, not only when they conquer brave men, but also when they are conquered by the brave; and he enumerated all the generals and kings who had risked their lives for their country, regarding it as a reproach to them to have a greater share of the honours than others but a smaller share of the dangers.,3. \xa0The Alban, however, while approving of the proposal to commit the fate of the cities to a\xa0few champions, would not agree to decide it by single combat. He owned that when commanders of the armies were seeking to establish their own power a combat between them for the supremacy was noble and necessary, but when states themselves were contending for the first place he thought the risk of single combat not only hazardous but even dishonourable, whether they met with good or ill fortune.,4. \xa0And he proposed that three chosen men from each city should fight in the presence of all the Albans and Romans, declaring that this was the most suitable number for deciding any matter in controversy, as containing in itself a beginning, a middle and an end. This proposal meeting with the approval of both Romans and Albans, the conference broke up and each side returned to its own camp. 3.13. 1. \xa0After this the generals assembled their respective armies and gave them an account both of what they had said to each other and of the terms upon which they had agreed to put an end to the war. And both armies having with great approbation ratified the agreement entered into by their generals, there arose a wonderful emulation among the officers and soldiers alike, since a great many were eager to carry off the prize of valour in the combat and expressed their emulation not only by their words but also by their actions, so that their leaders found great difficulty in selecting the most suitable champions.,2. \xa0For if anyone was renowned for his illustrious ancestry or remarkable for his strength of body, famous for some brave deed in action, or distinguished by some other good fortune or bold achievement, he insisted upon being chosen first among the three champions.,3. \xa0This emulation, which was running to great lengths in both armies, was checked by the Alban general, who called to mind that some divine providence, long since foreseeing this conflict between the two cities, had arranged that their future champions should be sprung of no obscure families and should be brave in arms, most comely in appearance, and distinguished from the generality of mankind by their birth, which should be unusual and wonderful because of its extraordinary nature.,4. \xa0It seems that Sicinius, an Alban, had at one and the same time married his twin daughters to Horatius, a Roman, and to Curiatius, an Alban; and the two wives came with child at the same time and each was brought to bed, at her first lying-in, of three male children. The parents, looking upon the event as a happy omen both to their cities and families, brought up all these children till they arrived at manhood. And Heaven, as I\xa0said in the beginning, gave them beauty and strength and nobility of mind, so that they were not inferior to any of those most highly endowed by Nature. It was to these men that Fufetius resolved to commit the combat for supremacy; and having invited the Roman king to a conference, he addressed him as follows: 3.14. 1. \xa0"Tullius, some god who keeps watch over both our cities would seem, just as upon many other occasions, so especially in what relates to this combat to have made his goodwill manifest. For that the champions who are to fight on behalf of all their people should be found inferior to none in birth, brave in arms, most comely in appearance, and that they should furthermore have been born of one father and mother, and, most wonderful of all, that they should have come into the world on the same day, the Horatii with you and the Curiatii with us, all this, I\xa0say, has every appearance of a remarkable instance of divine favour.,2. \xa0Why, therefore, do we not accept this great providence of the god and each of us invite the triplets on his side to engage in the combat for the supremacy? For not only all the other advantages which we could desire in the best-qualified champions are to be found in these men, but, as they are brothers, they will be more unwilling than any others among either the Romans or the Albans to forsake their companions when in distress; and furthermore, the emulation of the other youths, which cannot easily be appeased in any other way, will be promptly settled.,3. \xa0For I\xa0surmise that among you also, as well as among the Albans, there is a kind of strife among many of those who lay claim to bravery; but if we inform them that some providential fortune has anticipated all human efforts and has itself furnished us with champions qualified to engage upon equal terms in the cause of the cities, we shall easily persuade them to desist. For they will then look upon themselves as inferior to the triplets, not in point of bravery, but only in respect of a special boon of Nature and of the favour of a Chance that is equally inclined toward both sides." 3.15. 1. \xa0After Fufetius had thus spoken and his proposal had been received with general approbation (for the most important both of the Romans and Albans were with the two leaders), Tullius, after a short pause, spoke as follows: "In other respects, Fufetius, you seem to me to have reasoned well; for it must be some wonderful fortune that has produced in both our cities in our generation a similarity of birth never known before. But of one consideration you seem to be unaware â\x80\x94 a\xa0matter which will cause great reluctance in the youths if we ask them to fight with one another.,2. \xa0For the mother of our Horatii is sister to the mother of the Alban Curiatii, and the young men have been brought up in the arms of both the women and cherish and love one another no less than their own brothers. Consider, therefore, whether, as they are cousins and have been brought up together, it would not be impious in us to put arms in their hands and invite them to mutual slaughter. For the pollution of kindred blood, if they are compelled to stain their hands with one another\'s blood, will deservedly fall upon us who compel them.",3. \xa0To this Fufetius answered: "Neither have\xa0I failed, Tullius, to note the kinship of the youths, nor did\xa0I purpose to compel them to fight with their cousins unless they themselves were inclined to undertake the combat. But as soon as this plan came into my mind I\xa0sent for the Alban Curiatii and sounded them in private to learn whether they were willing to engage in the combat; and it was only after they had accepted the proposal with incredible and wonderful alacrity that I\xa0decided to disclose my plan and bring it forward for consideration. And I\xa0advise you to take the same course yourself â\x80\x94 to send for the triplets on your side and sound out their disposition.,4. \xa0And if they, too, agree of their own accord to risk their lives for their country, accept the favour; but if they hesitate, bring no compulsion to bear upon them. I\xa0predict, however, the same result with them as with our own youths â\x80\x94 that is, if they are such men as we have been informed, like the few most highly endowed by Nature, and are brave in arms; for the reputation of their valour has reached us also." 3.16. 1. \xa0Tullius, accordingly, approved of this advice and made a truce for ten days, in order to have time to deliberate and give his answer after learning the disposition of the Horatii; and thereupon he returned to the city. During the following days he consulted with the most important men, and when the greater part of them favoured accepting the proposals of Fufetius, he sent for the three brothers and said to them:,2. \xa0Horatii, Fufetius the Alban informed me at a conference the last time we met at the camp that by divine providence three brave champions were at hand for each city, the noblest and most suitable of any we could hope to find â\x80\x94 the Curiatii among the Albans and you among the Romans. He added that upon learning of this he had himself first inquired whether your cousins were willing to give their lives to their country, and that, finding them very eager to undertake the combat on behalf of all their people, he could now bring forward this proposal with confidence; and he asked me also to sound you out, to learn whether you would be willing to risk your lives for your country by engaging with the Curiatii, or whether you choose to yield this honour to others.,3. \xa0I,\xa0in view of your valour and your gallantry in action, which are not concealed from public notice, assumed that you of all others would embrace this danger for the sake of winning the prize of valour; but fearing lest your kinship with the three Alban brothers might prove an obstacle to your zeal, I\xa0requested time for deliberation and made a truce for ten days. And when I\xa0came here I\xa0assembled the senate and laid the matter before them for their consideration. It was the opinion of the majority that if you of your own free will accepted the combat, which is a noble one and worthy of you and which I\xa0myself was eager to wage alone on behalf of all our people, they should praise your resolution and accept the favour from you; but if, to avoid the pollution of kindred blood â\x80\x94 for surely it would be no admission of cowardice on your part â\x80\x94 you felt that those who are not related to them ought to be called upon to undertake the combat, they should bring no compulsion to bear upon you. This, then, being the vote of the senate, which will neither be offended with you if you show a reluctance to undertake the task nor feel itself under any slight obligation to you if you rate your country more highly than your kinship, deliberate carefully and well." 3.17. 1. \xa0The youths upon hearing these words withdrew to one side, and after a short conference together returned to give their answer; and the eldest on behalf of them all spoke as follows: "If we were free and sole masters of our own decisions, Tullius, and you had given us the opportunity to deliberate concerning the combat with our cousins, we should without further delay have given your our thoughts upon it. But since our father is still living, without whose advice we do not think it proper to say or do the least thing, we ask you to wait a short time for our answer till we have talked with him.",2. \xa0Tullius having commended their filial devotion and told them to do as they proposed, they went home to their father. And acquainting him with the proposals of Fufetius and with what Tullius had said to them and, last of all, with their own answer, they desired his advice.,3. \xa0And he answered and said: "But indeed this is dutiful conduct on your part, my sons, when you live for your father and do nothing without my advice. But it is time for you to show that you yourselves now have discretion in such matters at least. Assume, therefore, that my life is now over, and let me know what you yourselves would have chosen to do if you had deliberated without your father upon your own affairs.",4. \xa0And the eldest answered him thus: "Father, we would have accepted this combat for the supremacy and would have been ready to suffer whatever should be the will of Heaven; for we had rather be dead than to live unworthy both of you and of our ancestors. As for the bond of kinship with our cousins, we shall not be the first to break it, but since it has already been broken by fate, we shall acquiesce therein.,5. \xa0For if the Curiatii esteem kinship less than honour, the Horatii also will not value the ties of blood more highly than valour." Their father, upon learning their disposition, rejoiced exceedingly, and lifting his hands to Heaven, said he rendered thanks to the gods for having given him noble sons. Then, throwing his arms about each in turn and giving the tenderest of embraces and kisses, he said: "You have my opinion also, my brave sons. Go, then, to Tullius and give him the answer that is both dutiful and honourable.",6. \xa0The youths went away pleased with the exhortation of their father, and going to the king, they accepted the combat; and he, after assembling the senate and sounding the praises of the youths, sent ambassadors to the Alban to inform him that the Romans accepted his proposal and would offer the Horatii to fight for the sovereignty. ' "3.18. 1. \xa0As my subject requires not only that a full account of the way the battle was fought should be given, but also that the subsequent tragic events, which resemble the sudden reversals of fortune seen upon the stage, should be related in no perfunctory manner, I\xa0shall endeavour, as far as I\xa0am able, to give an accurate account of every incident. When the time came, then, for giving effect to the terms of the agreement, the Roman forces marched out in full strength, and afterwards the youths, when they had offered up their prayers to the gods of their fathers; they advanced accompanied by the king, while the entire throng that filed the city acclaimed them and strewed flowers upon their heads. By this time the Albans' army also had marched out.,2. \xa0And when the armies had encamped near one another, leaving as an interval between their camps the boundary that separated the Roman territory from that of the Albans, each side occupying the site of its previous camp, they first offered sacrifice and swore over the burnt offerings that they would acquiesce in whatever fate the event of the combat between the cousins should allot to each city and that they would keep inviolate their agreement, neither they nor their posterity making use of any deceit. Then, after performing the rites which religion required, both the Romans and Albans laid aside their arms and came out in front of their camps to be spectators of the combat, leaving an interval of three or four stades for the champions. And presently appeared the Alban general conducting the Curiatii and the Roman king escorting the Horatii, all of them armed in the most splendid fashion and withal dressed like men about to die.,3. \xa0When they came near to one another they gave their swords to their armour-bearers, and running to one another, embraced, weeping and calling each other by the tenderest names, so that all the spectators were moved to tears and accused both themselves and their leaders of great heartlessness, in that, when it was possible to decide the battle by other champions, they had limited the combat on behalf of the cities to men of kindred blood and compelled the pollution of fratricide. The youths, after their embraces were over, received their swords from their armour-bearers, and the bystanders having retired, they took their places according to age and began the combat. " "3.19. 1. \xa0For a time quiet and silence prevailed in both armies, and then there was shouting by both sides together and alternate exhortations to the combatants; and there were vows and lamentations and continual expressions of every other emotion experienced in battle, some of them caused by what was either being enacted or witnessed by each side, and others by their apprehensions of the outcome; and the things they imagined outnumbered those which actually were happening.,2. \xa0For it was impossible to see very clearly, owing to the great distance, and the partiality of each side for their own champions interpreted everything that passed to match their desire; then, too, the frequent advances and retreats of the combatants and their many sudden countercharges rendered any accurate judgment out of the question; and this situation lasted a considerable time.,3. \xa0For the champions on both sides not only were alike in strength of body but were well matched also in nobility of spirit, and they had their entire bodies protected by the choicest armour, leaving no part exposed which if wounded would bring on swift death. So that many, both of the Romans and of the Albans, from their eager rivalry and from their partiality for their own champions, were unconsciously putting themselves in the position of the combatants and desired rather to be actors in the drama that was being enacted than spectators.,4. \xa0At last the eldest of the Albans, closing with his adversary and giving and receiving blow after blow, happened somehow to run his sword thru the Roman's groin. The latter was already stupefied from his other wounds, and now receiving this final low, a mortal one, he fell down dead, his limbs no longer supporting him.,5. \xa0When the spectators of the combat saw this they all cried out together, the Albans as already victorious, the Romans as vanquished; for they concluded that their two champions would be easily dispatched by the three Albans. In the meantime, the Roman who had fought by the side of the fallen champion, seeing the Alban rejoicing in his success, quickly rushed upon him, and after inflicting many wounds and receiving many himself, happened to plunge his sword into his neck and killed him.,6. \xa0After Fortune had thus in a short time made a great alteration both in the state of the combatants and in the feelings of the spectators, and the Romans had now recovered from their former dejection while the Albans had had their joy snatched away, another shift of Fortune, by giving a check to the success of the Romans, sunk their hopes and raised the confidence of their enemies. For when Alban fell, his brother who stood next to him closed with the Roman who had struck him down; and each, as it chanced, gave the other a dangerous wound at the same time, the Alban plunging his sword down through the Roman's back into his bowels, and the Roman throwing himself under the shield of his adversary and slashing one of his thighs. " '
3.20. 1. \xa0The one who had received the mortal wound died instantly, and the other, who had been wounded in the thigh, was scarcely able to stand, but limped and frequently leaned upon his shield. Nevertheless, he still made a show of resistance and with his surviving brother advanced against the Roman, who stood his ground; and they surrounded him, one coming up to him from in front and the other from behind.,2. \xa0The Roman, fearing that, being thus surrounded by them and obliged to fight with two adversaries attacking him from two sides, he might easily be overcome â\x80\x94 he was still uninjured â\x80\x94 hit upon the plan of separating his enemies and fighting each one singly. He thought he could most easily separate them by feigning flight; for then he would not be pursued by both the Albans, but only by one of them, since he saw that the other no longer had control of his limbs. With this thought in mind he fled as fast as he could; and it was his good fortune not to be disappointed in his expectation.,3. \xa0For the Alban who was not mortally wounded followed at his heels, while the other, being unable to keep going was falling altogether too far behind. Then indeed the Albans encouraged their men and the Romans reproached their champion with cowardice, the former singing songs of triumph and crowning themselves with garlands as if the contest were already won, and the others lamenting as if Fortune would never raise them up again. But the Roman, having carefully waited for his opportunity, turned quickly and, before the Alban could put himself on his guard, struck him a blow on the arm with his sword and clove his elbow in twain,,4. \xa0and when his hand fell to the ground together with his sword, he struck one more blow, a mortal one, and dispatched the Alban; then, rushing from him to the last of his adversaries, who was half dead and fainting, he slew him also. And taking the spoils from the bodies of his cousins, he hastened to the city, wishing to give his father the first news of his victory.
3.21. 1. \xa0But it was ordained after all that even he, as he was but a mortal, should not be fortunate in everything, but should feel some stroke of the envious god who, having from an insignificant man made him great in a brief moment of time and raised him to wonderful and unexpected distinction, plunged him the same day into the unhappy state of being his sister\'s murderer.,2. \xa0For when he arrived near the gates he saw a multitude of people of all conditions pouring out from the city and among them his sister running to meet him. At the first sight of her he was distressed that a virgin ripe for marriage should have deserted her household tasks at her mother\'s side and joined a crowd of strangers. And though he indulged in many absurd reflections, he was at last inclining to those which were honourable and generous, feeling that in her yearning to be the first to embrace her surviving brother and in her desire to receive an account from him of the gallant behaviour of her dead brothers she had disregarded decorum in a moment of feminine weakness.,3. \xa0However, it was not, after all, her yearning for her brothers that had led her to venture forth in this unusual manner, but it was because she was overpowered by love for one of her cousins to whom her father had promised her in marriage, a passion which she had till then kept secret; and when she had overheard a man who came from the camp relating the details of the combat, she could no longer contain herself, but leaving the house, rushed to the city gates like a maenad, without paying any heed to her nurse who called her and ran to bring her back.,4. \xa0But when she got outside the city and saw her brother exulting and wearing the garlands of victory with which the king had crowned him, and his friends carrying the spoils of the slain, among which was an embroidered robe which she herself with the assistance of her mother had woven and sent as a present to her betrothed against their nuptial day (for it is the custom of the Latins to array themselves in embroidered robes when they go to fetch their brides), when, therefore, she saw this robe stained with blood, she rent her garment, and beating her breast with both hands, fell to lamenting and calling upon her cousin by name, so that great astonishment came upon all who were present there.,5. \xa0After she had bewailed the death of her betrothed she stared with fixed gaze at her brother and said: "Most abominable wretch, so you rejoice in having slain your cousins and deprived your most unhappy sister of wedlock! Miserable fellow! Why, you are not even touched with pity for your slain kinsmen, whom you were wont to call your brothers, but instead, as if you had performed some noble deed, you are beside yourself with joy and wear garlands in honour of such calamities. of what wild beast, then, have you the heart?",6. \xa0And he, answering her, said: "The heart of a citizen who loves his country and punishes those who wish her ill, whether they happen to be foreigners or his own people. And among such I\xa0count even you; for though you know that the greatest of blessings and of woes have happened to us at one and the same time â\x80\x94 I\xa0mean the victory of your country, which I,\xa0your brother, am bringing home with me, and the death of your brothers â\x80\x94 you neither rejoice in the public happiness of your country, wicked wretch, nor grieve at the private calamities of your own family, but, overlooking your own brothers, you lament the fate of your betrothed, and this, too, not after taking yourself off somewhere alone under cover of darkness, curse you! but before the eyes of the whole world; and you reproach me for my valour and my crowns of victory, you pretender to virginity, you hater of your brothers and disgrace to your ancestors! Since, therefore, you mourn, not for your brothers, but for your cousins, and since, though your body is with the living, your soul is with him who is dead, go to him on whom you call and cease to dishonour either your father or your brothers.",7. \xa0After these words, being unable in his hatred of baseness to observe moderation, but yielding to the anger which swayed him, he ran his sword through her side; and having slain his sister, he went to his father. But so averse to baseness and so stern were the manners and thoughts of the Romans of that day and, to compare them with the actions and lives of those of our age, so cruel and harsh and so little removed from the savagery of wild beasts, that the father, upon being informed of this terrible calamity, far from resenting it, looked upon it as a glorious and becoming action.,8. \xa0In fact, he would neither permit his daughter\'s body to be brought into the house nor allow her to be buried in the tomb of her ancestors or given any funeral or burial robe or other customary rites; but as she lay there where she had been cast, in the place where she was slain, the passers-by, bringing stones and earth, buried her like any corpse which had none to give it proper burial.,9. \xa0Besides these instances of the father\'s severity there were still others that I\xa0shall mention. Thus, as if in gratitude for some glorious and fortunate achievements, he offered that very day to the gods of his ancestors the sacrifices he had vowed, and entertained his relations at a splendid banquet, just as upon the greatest festivals, making less account of his private calamities than of the public advantages of his country.,10. \xa0This not only Horatius but many other prominent Romans after him are said to have done; I\xa0refer to their offering sacrifice and wearing crowns and celebrating triumphs immediately after the death of their sons when through them the commonwealth had met with good fortune. of these I\xa0shall make mention in the proper places.
3.22. 1. \xa0After the combat between the triplets, the Romans who were then in the camp buried the slain brothers in a splendid manner in the places where they had fallen, and having offered to the gods the customary sacrifices for victory, were passing their time in rejoicings. On the other side, the Albans were grieving over what had happened and blaming their leader for bad generalship; and the greatest part of them spent that night without food and without any other care for their bodies.,2. \xa0The next day the king of the Romans called them to an assembly and consoled them with many assurances that he would lay no command upon them that was either dishonourable, grievous or unbecoming to kinsmen, but that with impartial judgment he would take thought for what was best and most advantageous for both cities; and having continued Fufetius, their ruler, in the same office and made no other change in the government, he led his army home.,3. \xa0After he had celebrated the triumph which the senate had decreed for him and had entered upon the administration of civil affairs, some citizens of importance came to him bringing Horatius for trial, on the ground that because of his slaying of his sister he was not free of the guilt of shedding a kinsman\'s blood; and being given a hearing, they argued at length, citing the laws which forbade the slaying of anyone without a trial, and recounting instances of the anger of all the gods against the cities which neglected to punish those who were polluted.,4. \xa0But the father spoke in defence of the youth and blamed his daughter, declaring that the act was a punishment, not a murder, and claiming that he himself was the proper judge of the calamities of his own family, since he was the father of both. And a great deal having been said on both sides, the king was in great perplexity what decision to pronounce in the cause.,5. \xa0For he did not think it seemly either to acquit any person of murder who confessed he had put his sister to death before a trial â\x80\x94 and that, too, for an act which the laws did not concede to be a capital offence â\x80\x94 lest by so doing he should transfer the curse and pollution from the criminal to his own household, or to punish as a murderer any person who had chosen to risk his life for his country and had brought her so great power, especially as he was acquitted of blame by his father, to whom before all others both nature and the law gave the right of taking vengeance in the case of his daughter.,6. \xa0Not knowing, therefore, how to deal with the situation, he at last decided it was best to leave the decision to the people. And the Roman people, becoming upon this occasion judges for the first time in a cause of a capital nature, sided with the opinion of the father and acquitted Horatius of the murder. Nevertheless, the king did not believe that the judgment thus passed upon Horatius by men was a sufficient atonement to satisfy those who desired to observe due reverence toward the gods; but sending for the pontiffs, he ordered them to appease the gods and other divinities and to purify Horatius with those lustrations with which it was customary for involuntary homicides to be expiated.,7. \xa0The pontiffs erected two altars, one to Juno, to whom the care of sisters is allotted, and the other to a certain god or lesser divinity of the country called in their language Janus, to whom was now added the name Curiatius, derived from that of the cousins who had been slain by Horatius; and after they had offered certain sacrifices upon these altars, they finally, among other expiations, led Horatius under the yoke. It is customary among the Romans, when enemies deliver up their arms and submit to their power, to fix two pieces of wood upright in the ground and fasten a\xa0third to the top of them transversely, then to lead the captives under this structure, and after they have passed through, to grant them their liberty and leave to return home. This they call a yoke; and it was the last of the customary expiatory ceremonies used upon this occasion by those who purified Horatius.,8. \xa0The place in the city where they performed this expiation is regarded by all the Romans as sacred; it is in the street that leads down from the Carinae as one goes towards Cuprius Street. Here the altars then erected still remain, and over them extends a beam which is fixed in each of the opposite walls; the beam lies over the heads of those who go out of this street and is called in the Roman tongue "the Sister\'s Beam." This place, then, is still preserved in the city as a monument to this man\'s misfortune and honoured by the Romans with sacrifices every year.,9. \xa0Another memorial of the bravery he displayed in the combat is the small corner pillar standing at the entrance to one of the two porticos in the Forum, upon which were placed the spoils of the three Alban brothers. The arms, it is true, have disappeared because of the lapse of time, but the pillar still preserves its name and is called pila Horatia or "the Horatian Pillar.",10. \xa0The Romans also have a law, enacted in consequence of this episode and observed even to this day, which confers immortal honour and glory upon these men; it provides that the parents of triplets shall receive from the public treasury the cost of rearing them until they are grown. With this, the incidents relating to the family of the Horatii, which showed some remarkable and unexpected reversals of fortune, came to an end.
3.22. <
3.23. 1. \xa0The king of the Romans, after letting a\xa0year pass, during which he made the necessary preparations for war, resolved to lead out his army against the city of the Fidenates. The grounds he alleged for the war were that this people, being called upon to justify themselves in the matter of the plot that they had formed against the Romans and Albans, had paid no heed, but immediately taking up arms, shutting their gates, and bringing in the allied forces of the Veientes, had openly revolted, and that when ambassadors arrived from Rome to inquire the reason for their revolt, they had answered that they no longer had anything in common with the Romans since the death of Romulus, their king, to whom they had sworn their oaths of friendship.,2. \xa0Seizing on these grounds for war, Tullus was not only arming his own forces, but also sending for those of his allies. The most numerous as well as the best auxiliary troops were brought to him from Alba by Mettius Fufetius, and they were equipped with such splendid arms as to excel all the other allied forces.,3. \xa0Tullus, therefore, believing that Mettius had been actuated by zeal and by the best motives in deciding to take part in the war, commended him and communicated to him all his plans. But this man, who was accused by his fellow citizens of having mismanaged the recent war and was furthermore charged with treason, in view of the fact that he continued in the supreme command of the city for the third year by order of Tullus, disdaining now to hold any longer a command that was subject to another\'s command or to be subordinated rather than himself to lead, devised an abominable plot.,4. \xa0He sent ambassadors here and there secretly to the enemies of the Romans while they were as yet wavering in their resolution to revolt and encouraged them not to hesitate, promising that he himself would join them in attacking the Romans during the battle; and these activities and plans he kept secret from everybody.,5. \xa0Tullus, as soon as he had got ready his own army as well as that of his allies, marched against the enemy and after crossing the river Anio encamped near Fidenae. And finding a considerable army both of the Fidenates and of their allies drawn up before the city, he lay quiet that day; but on the next he sent for Fufetius, the Alban, and the closest of his other friends and took counsel with them concerning the best method of conducting the war. And when all were in favour of engaging promptly and not wasting time, he assigned them their several posts and commands, and having fixed the next day for the battle, he dismissed the council.,6. \xa0In the meantime Fufetius, the Alban â\x80\x94 for his treachery was still a secret to many even of his own friends â\x80\x94 calling together the most prominent centurions and tribunes among the Albans, addressed them as follows: "Tribunes and centurions, I\xa0am going to disclose to you important and unexpected things which I\xa0have hitherto been concealing; and I\xa0beg of you to keep them secret if you do not wish to ruin me, and to assist me in carrying them out if you think their realization will be advantageous. The present occasion does not permit of many words, as the time is short; so I\xa0shall mention only the most essential matters.,7. \xa0I,\xa0from the time we were subordinated to the Romans up to this day, have led a life full of shame and grief, though honoured by the king with the supreme command, which I\xa0am now holding for the third year and may, if I\xa0should so desire, hold as long as I\xa0live. But regarding it as the greatest of all evils to be the only fortunate man in a time of public misfortune, and taking it to heart that, contrary to all the rights mankind look upon as sacred, we have been deprived by the Romans of our supremacy, I\xa0took thought how we might recover it without experiencing any great disaster. And although I\xa0considered many plans of every sort, the only way I\xa0could discover that promised success, and at the same time the easiest and the least dangerous one, was in hand a war should be started against them by the neighbouring states.,8. \xa0For I\xa0assumed that when confronted by such a war they would have need of allies and particularly of us. As to the next step, I\xa0assumed that it would not require much argument to convince you that it is more glorious as well as more fitting to fight for our liberty than for the supremacy of the Romans.,9. \xa0"With these thoughts in mind I\xa0secretly stirred up a war against the Romans on the part of their subjects, encouraging the Veientes and Fidenates to take up arms by a promise of my assistance in the war. And thus far I\xa0have escaped the Romans\' notice as I\xa0contrived these things and kept in my own hands the opportune moment for the attack. Just consider now the many advantages we shall derive from this course.,10. \xa0First, by not having openly planned a revolt, in which there would have been a double danger â\x80\x94 either of being hurried or unprepared and of putting everything to the hazard while trusting to our own strength only, or, while we were making preparations and gathering assistance, of being forestalled by an enemy already prepared â\x80\x94 we shall now experience neither of these difficulties but shall enjoy the advantage of both. In the next place, we shall not be attempting to destroy the great and formidable power and good fortune of our adversaries by force, but rather by those means by which every thing that is overbearing and not easy to be subdued by force is taken, namely, by guile and deceit; and we shall be neither the first nor the only people who have resorted to these means.,11. \xa0Besides, as our own force is not strong enough to be arrayed against the whole power of the Romans and their allies, we have also added the forces of the Fidenates and the Veientes, whose great numbers you see before you; and I\xa0have taken the following precautions that these auxiliaries who have been added to our numbers may with all confidence be depended on to adhere to our alliance.,12. \xa0For it will not be in our territory that the Fidenates will be fighting, but while they are defending their own country they will at the same time be protecting ours. Then, too, we shall have this advantage, which men look upon as the most gratifying of all and which has fallen to the lot of but few in times past, namely, that, while receiving a benefit from our allies, we shall ourselves be thought to be conferring one upon them.,13. \xa0And if this enterprise turns out according to our wish, as is reasonable to expect, the Fidenates and the Veientes, in delivering us from a grievous subjection, will feel grateful to us, as if it were they themselves who had received this favour at our hands. "These are the preparations which I\xa0have made after much thought and which I\xa0regard as sufficient to inspire you with the courage and zeal to revolt.,14. \xa0Now hear from me the manner in which I\xa0have planned to carry out the undertaking. Tullus has assigned me my post under the hill and has given me the command of one of the wings. When we are about to engage the enemy, I\xa0will break ranks and begin to lead up the hill; and you will then follow me with your companies in their proper order. When I\xa0have gained the top of the hill and am securely posted, hear in what manner I\xa0shall handle the situation after that.,15. \xa0If I\xa0find my plans turning out according to my wish, that is, if I\xa0see that the enemy has become emboldened through confidence in our assistance, and the Romans disheartened and terrified, in the belief that they have been betrayed by us, and contemplating, as they likely will, flight rather than fight, I\xa0will fall upon them and cover the field with the bodies of the slain, since I\xa0shall be rushing down hill from higher ground and shall be attacking with a courageous and orderly force men who are frightened and dispersed.,16. \xa0For a terrible thing in warfare is the sudden impression, even though ill-grounded, of the treachery of allies or of an attack by fresh enemies, and we know that many great armies in the past have been utterly destroyed by no other kind of terror so much as by an impression for which there was no ground. But in our case it will be no vain report, no unseen terror, but a deed more dreadful than anything ever seen or experienced.,17. \xa0If, however, I\xa0find that the contrary of my calculations is in fact coming to pass (for mention must be made also of those things which are wont to happen contrary to human expectations, since our lives bring us many improbable experiences as well), I\xa0too shall then endeavour to do the contrary of what I\xa0have just proposed. For I\xa0shall lead you against the enemy in conjunction with the Romans and shall share with them the victory, pretending that I\xa0occupied the heights with the intention of surrounding the foes drawn up against me; and my claim will seem credible, since I\xa0shall have made my actions agree with my explanation. Thus, without sharing in the dangers of either side, we shall have a part in the good fortune of both.,18. \xa0"I,\xa0then, have determined upon these measures, and with the assistance of the gods I\xa0shall carry them out, as being the most advantageous, not only to the Albans, but also to the rest of the Latins. It is your part, in the first place, to observe secrecy, and next, to maintain good order, to obey promptly the orders you shall receive, to fight zealously yourselves and to infuse the same zeal into those who are under your command, remembering that we are not contending for liberty upon the same terms as other people, who have been accustomed to obey others and who have received that form of government from their ancestors.,19. \xa0For we are freemen descended from freemen, and to us our ancestors have handed down the tradition of holding sway over our neighbours as a mode of life preserved by them for someone five hundred years; of which let us not deprive our posterity. And let none of you entertain the fear that by showing a will to do this he will be breaking a compact and violating the oaths by which it was confirmed; on the contrary, let him consider that he will be restoring to its original force the compact which the Romans have violated, a compact far from unimportant, but one which human nature has established and the universal law of both Greeks and barbarians confirms, namely, that fathers shall rule over and give just commands to their children, and mother-cities to their colonies.,20. \xa0This compact, which is forever inseparable from human nature, is not being violated by us, who demand that it shall always remain in force, and none of the gods or lesser divinities will be wroth with us, as guilty of an impious action, if we resent being slaves to our own posterity; but it is being violated by those who have broken it from the beginning and have attempted by an impious act to set up the law of man above that of Heaven. And it is reasonable to expect that the anger of the gods will be directed against them rather than against us, and that the indignation of men will fall upon them rather than upon us.,21. \xa0If, therefore, you all believe that these plans will be the most advantageous, let us pursue them, calling the gods and other divinities to our assistance. But if any one of you is minded to the contrary and either believes that we ought never to recover the ancient dignity of our city, or, while awaiting a more favourable opportunity, favours deferring our undertaking for the present, let him not hesitate to propose his thoughts to the assembly. For we shall follow whatever plan meets with your uimous approval."
3.24. 1. \xa0Those who were present having approved of this advice and promised to carry out all his orders, he bound each of them by an oath and then dismissed the assembly. The next day the armies both of the Fidenates and of their allies marched out of their camp at sunrise and drew up in order of battle; and on the other side the Romans came out against them and took their positions.,2. \xa0Tullus himself and the Romans formed the left wing, which was opposite to the Veientes (for these occupied the enemy\'s right), while Mettius Fufetius and the Albans drew up on the right wing of the Roman army, over against the Fidenates, beside the flank of the hill.,3. \xa0When the armies drew near one another and before they came within range of each other\'s missiles, the Albans, separating themselves from the rest of the army, began to lead their companies up the hill in good order. The Fidenates, learning of this and feeling confident that the Albans\' promises to betray the Romans were coming true before their eyes, now fell to attacking the Romans with greater boldness, and the right wing of the Romans, left unprotected by their allies, was being broken and was suffering severely; but the left, where Tullus himself fought among the flower of the cavalry, carried on the struggle vigorously.,4. \xa0In the meantime a horseman rode up to those who were fighting under the king and said: "Our right wing is suffering, Tullus. For the Albans have deserted their posts and are hastening up to the heights, and the Fidenates, opposite to whom they were stationed, extend beyond our wing that is now left unprotected, and are going to surround us." The Romans, upon hearing this and seeing the haste with which the Albans were rushing up the hill, were seized with such fear of being surrounded by the enemy that it did not occur to them either to fight or to stand their ground.,5. \xa0Thereupon Tullus, they say, not at all disturbed in mind by so great and so unexpected a misfortune, made use of a stratagem by which he not only saved the Roman army, which was threatened with manifest ruin, but also shattered and brought to nought all the plans of the enemy. For, as soon as he had heard the messenger, he raised his voice, so as to be heard even by the enemy, and cried:,6. \xa0"Romans, we are victorious over the enemy. For the Albans have occupied for us this hill hard by, as you see, by my orders, so as to get behind the enemy and fall upon them. Consider, therefore, that we have our greatest foes where we want them, some of us attacking them in front and others in the rear, in a position where, being unable either to advance or to retire, hemmed in as they are on the flanks by the river and by the hill, they will make handsome atonement to us. Forward, then, and show your utter contempt of them."
3.25. 1. \xa0These words he repeated as he rode past all the ranks. And immediately the Fidenates became afraid of counter-treachery, suspecting that the Alban had deceived them by a stratagem, since they did not see either that he had changed his battle order so as to face the other way or that he was promptly charging the Romans, according to his promise; but the Romans, on their side, were emboldened by the words of Tullus and filled with confidence, and giving a great shout, they rushed in a body against the enemy. Upon this, the Fidenates gave way and fled toward their city in disorder.,2. \xa0The Roman king hurled his cavalry against them while they were in this fear and confusion, and pursued them for some distance; but when he learned that they were dispersed and separated from one another and neither likely to take thought for getting together again nor in fact able to do so, he gave over the pursuit and marched against those of the enemy whose ranks were still unbroken and standing their ground.,3. \xa0And now there took place a brilliant engagement of the infantry and a still more brilliant one on the part of the cavalry. For the Veientes, who were posted at this point, did not give way in terror at the charge of the Roman horse, but maintained the fight for a considerable time. Then, learning that their left wing was beaten and that the whole army of the Fidenates and of their other allies was in headlong flight, and fearing to be surrounded by the troops that had returned from the pursuit, they also broke their ranks and fled, endeavouring to save themselves by crossing the river.,4. \xa0Accordingly, those among them who were strongest, least disabled by their wounds, and had some ability to swim, got across the river, without their arms, while all who lacked any of these advantages perished in the eddies; for the stream of the Tiber near Fidenae is rapid and has many windings.,5. \xa0Tullus ordered a detachment of the horse to cut down those of the enemy who were pressing toward the river, while he himself led the rest of the army to the camp of the Veientes and captured it by storm. This was the situation of the Romans after they had been unexpectedly preserved from destruction. ' "
3.26. 1. \xa0When the Alban observed that Tullus had already won a brilliant victory, he also marched down from the heights with his own troops and pursued those of the Fidenates who were fleeing, in order that he might be seen by all the Romans performing some part of the duty of an ally; and he destroyed many of the enemy who had become dispersed in the left.,2. \xa0Tullus, though he understood his purpose and understood his double treachery, thought he ought to utter no reproaches for the present till he should have the man in his power, but addressing himself to many of those who were present, he pretended to applaud the Alban's withdrawal to the heights, as if it had been prompted by the best motive; and sending a party of horse to him, he requested him to give the final proof of his zeal by hunting down and slaying the many Fidenates who had been unable to get inside the walls and were dispersed about the country.,3. \xa0And Fufetius, imagining that he had succeeded in one of his two hopes and that Tullus was unacquainted with his treachery, rejoiced, and riding over the plains for a considerable time, he cut down all whom he found; but when the sun was now set, he returned from the pursuit with his horsemen to the Roman camp and passed the following night in making merry with his friends.,4. \xa0Tullus remained in the camp of the Veientes till the first watch and questioned the most prominent of the prisoners concerning the leaders of the revolt; and when he learned that Mettius Fufetius, the Alban, was also one of the conspirators and considered that his actions agreed with the information of the prisoners, he mounted his horse, and taking with him the most faithful of his friends, rode off to Rome.,5. \xa0Then, sending to the houses of the senators, he assembled them before midnight and informed them of the treachery of the Alban, producing the prisoners as witnesses, and informed them of the stratagem by which he himself had outwitted both their enemies and the Fidenates. And he asked them, now that the war was ended in the most successful manner, to consider the problems that remained â\x80\x94 how the traitors ought to be punished and the city of Alba rendered more circumspect for the future.,6. \xa0That the authors of these wicked designs should be punished seemed to all both just and necessary, but how this was to be most easily and safely accomplished was a problem that caused them great perplexity. For they thought it obviously impossible to put to death a great number of brave Albans in a secret and clandestine manner, whereas, if they should attempt openly to apprehend and punish the guilty, they assumed that the Albans would not permit it but would rush to arms; and they were unwilling to carry on war at the same time with the Fidenates and Tyrrhenians and with the Albans, who had come to them as allies. While they were in this perplexity, Tullus delivered the final opinion, which met with the approval of all; but of this I\xa0shall speak presently. The distance between Fidenae and Rome being forty stades, Tullus rode full speed to the camp, and sending for Marcus Horatius, the survivor of the triplets, before it was quite day, he commanded him to take the flower of the cavalry and infantry, and proceeding to Alba, to enter the city as a friend, and then, as soon as he had secured the submission of the inhabitants, to raze the city to the foundations without sparing a single building, whether private or public, except the temples; but as for the citizens, he was neither to kill nor injure any of them, but to permit them to retain their possessions." '
3.27. 2. \xa0After sending him on his way he assembled the tribunes and centurions, and having acquainted them with the resolutions of the senate, he placed them as a guard about his person. Soon after, the Alban came, pretending to express his joy over their common victory and to congratulate Tullus upon it. The latter, still concealing his intention, commended him and declared he was deserving of great rewards; at the same time he asked him to write down the names of such of the other Albans also as had performed any notable exploit in the battle and to bring the list to him, in order that they also might get their share of the fruits of victory.,3. \xa0Mettius, accordingly, greatly pleased at this, entered upon a tablet and gave to him a list of his most intimate friends who had been the accomplices in his secret designs. Then the Roman king ordered all the troops to come to an assembly after first laying aside their arms. And when they assembled he ordered the Alban general together with his tribunes and centurions to stand directly beside the tribunal; next to these the rest of the Albans were to take their place in the assembly, drawn up in their ranks, and behind the Albans the remainder of the allied forces, while outside of them all he stationed Romans, including the most resolute, with swords concealed under their garments. When he thought he had his foes where he wanted them, he rose up and spoke as follows:
3.28. 1. \xa0"Romans and you others, both friends and allies, those who dared openly to make war against us, the Fidenates and their allies, have been punished by us with the aid of the gods, and either will cease for the future to trouble us or will receive an even severer chastisement than that they have just experienced.,2. \xa0It is now time, since our first enterprise has succeeded to our wish, to punish those other enemies also who ear the name of friends and were taken into this war to assist us in harrying our common foes, but have broken faith with us, and entering into secret treaties with those enemies, have attempted to destroy us all.,3. \xa0For these are much worse than open enemies and deserve a severer punishment, since it is both easy to guard against the latter when one is treacherously attacked and possible to repulse them when they are at grips as enemies, but when friends act the part of enemies it is neither easy to guard against them nor possible for those who are taken by surprise to repulse them. And such are the allies sent us by the city of Alba with treacherous intent, although they have received no injury from us but many considerable benefits.,4. \xa0For, as we are their colony, we have not wrested away any part of their dominion but have acquired our own strength and power from our own wars; and by making our city a bulwark against the greatest and most warlike nations we have effectually secured them from a war with the Tyrrhenians and Sabines. In the prosperity, therefore, of our city they above all others should have rejoiced, and have grieved at its adversity no less than at their own.,5. \xa0But they, it appears, continued not only to begrudge us the advantages we had but also to begrudge themselves the good fortune they enjoyed because of us, and at last, unable any longer to contain their festering hatred, they declared war against us. But finding us well prepared for the struggle and themselves, therefore, in no condition to do any harm, they invited us to a reconciliation and friendship and asked that our strife over the supremacy should be decided by three men from each city. These proposals also we accepted, and after winning in the combat became masters of their city. Well, then, what did we do after that?,6. \xa0Though it was in our power to take hostages from them, to leave a garrison in their city, to destroy some of the principal authors of the war between the two cities and to banish others, to change the form of their government according to our own interest, to punish them with the forfeiture of a part of their lands and effects, and â\x80\x94 the thing that was easiest of all â\x80\x94 to disarm them, by which means we should have strengthened our rule, we did not see fit to do any of these things, but, consulting our filial obligations to our mother-city rather than the security of our power and considering the good opinion of all the world as more important than our own private advantage, we allowed them to enjoy all that was theirs and permitted Mettius Fufetius, as being supposedly the best of the Albans â\x80\x94 since they themselves had honoured him with the chief magistracy â\x80\x94 to administer their affairs up to the present time.,7. \xa0"For which favours hear now what gratitude they showed, at a time when we needed the goodwill of our friends and allies more than ever. They made a secret compact with our common enemies by which they engaged to fall upon us in conjunction with them in the course of the battle; and when the two armies approached each other they deserted the post to which they had been assigned and made off for the hills near by at a run, eager to occupy the strong positions ahead of anyone else.,8. \xa0And if their attempt had succeeded according to their wish, nothing could have prevented us, surrounded at once by our enemies and by our friends, from being all destroyed, and the fruit of the many battles we had fought for the sovereignty of our city from being lost in a single day.,9. \xa0But since their plan has miscarried, owing, in the first place, to the goodwill of the gods (for I\xa0at any rate ascribe all worthy achievements to them), and, second, to the stratagem I\xa0made use of, which contributed not a little to inspire the enemy with fear and you with confidence (for the statement I\xa0made during the battle, that the Albans were taking possession of the heights by my orders with a view of surrounding the enemy, was all a fiction and a stratagem contrived by myself),,10. \xa0since, I\xa0say, things have turned out to our advantage, we should not be the men we ought to be if we did not take revenge on these traitors. For, apart from the other ties which, by reason of their kinship to us, they ought to have preserved inviolate, they recently made a treaty with us confirmed by oaths, and then, without either fearing the gods whom they had made witnesses of the treaty or showing any regard for justice itself and the condemnation of men, or considering the greatness of the danger if their treachery should not succeed according to their wish, endeavoured to destroy us, who are both their colony and their benefactors, in the most miserable fashion, thus arraying themselves, though our founders, on the side of our most deadly foes and our greatest enemies."
3.29. 1. \xa0While he was thus speaking the Albans had recourse to lamentations and entreaties of every kind, the common people declaring that they had no knowledge of the intrigues of Mettius, and their commanders alleging that they had not learned of his secret plans till they were in the midst of the battle itself, when it was not in their power either to prevent his orders or to refuse obedience to them; and some even ascribed their action to the necessity imposed against their will by their affinity or kinship to the man. But the king, having commanded them to be silent,,2. \xa0addressed them thus:,2. \xa0"I,\xa0too, Albans, am not unaware of any of these things that you urge in your defence, but am of the opinion that the generality of you had no knowledge of this treachery, since secrets are not apt to be kept even for a moment when many share in the knowledge of them; and I\xa0also believe that only a small number of the tribunes and centurions were accomplices in the conspiracy formed against us, but that the greater part of them were deceived and forced into a position where they were compelled to act against their will.,3. \xa0Nevertheless, even if nothing of all this were true, but if all the Albans, as well you who are here present as those who are left in your city, had felt a desire to hurt us, and if you had not now for the first time, but long since, taken this resolution, yet on account of their kinship to you the Romans would feel under every necessity to bear even this injustice at your hands.,4. \xa0But against the possibility of your forming some wicked plot against us hereafter, as the result either of compulsion or deception on the part of the leaders of your state, there is but one precaution and provision, and that is for us all to become citizens of the same city and to regard one only as our fatherland, in whose prosperity and adversity everyone will have that share which Fortune allots to him. For so long as each of our two peoples decides what is advantageous and disadvantageous on the basis of a different judgment, as is now the case, the friendship between us will not be enduring, particularly when those who are the first to plot against the others are either to gain an advantage if they succeed, or, if they fail, are to be secured by their kinship from any serious retribution, while those against whom the attempt is made, if they are subdued, are to suffer the extreme penalties, and if they escape, are not, like enemies, to remember their wrongs â\x80\x94 as has happened in the present instance.,5. \xa0"Know, then, that the Romans last night came to the following resolutions, I\xa0myself having assembled the senate and proposed the decree: it is ordered that your city be demolished and that no buildings, either public or private, be left standing except the temples;,6. \xa0that all the inhabitants, while continuing in the possession of the allotments of land they now enjoy and being deprived of none of their slaves, cattle and other effects, reside henceforth at Rome; that such of your lands as belong to the public be divided among those of the Albans who have none, except the sacred possessions from which the sacrifices to the gods were provided; that I\xa0take charge of the construction of the houses in which you newcomers are to establish your homes, determining in what parts of the city they shall be, and assist the poorest among you in the expense of building;,7. \xa0that the mass of your population be incorporated with our plebeians and be distributed among the tribes and curiae, but that the following families be admitted to the senate, hold magistracies and be numbered with the patricians, to wit, the Julii, the Servilii, the Curiatii, the Quintilii, the Cloelii, the Geganii, and the Metilii; and that Mettius and his accomplices in the treachery suffer such punishments as we shall ordain when we come to sit in judgment upon each of the accused. For we shall deprive none of them either of a trial or of the privilege of making a defence." 3.30. 1. \xa0At these words of Tullus the poorer sort of the Albans were very well satisfied to become residents of Rome and to have lands allotted to them, and they received with loud acclaim the terms granted them. But those among them who were distinguished for their dignities and fortunes were grieved at the thought of having to leave the city of their birth and to abandon the hearths of their ancestors and pass the rest of their lives in a foreign country; nevertheless, being reduced to the last extremity, they could think of nothing to say. Tullus, seeing the disposition of the multitude, ordered Mettius to make his defence, if he wished to say anything in answer to the charges.,2. \xa0But he, unable to justify himself against the accusers and witnesses, said that the Alban senate had secretly given him these orders when he led his army forth to war, and he asked the Albans, for whom he had endeavoured to recover the supremacy, to come to his aid and to permit neither their city to be razed nor the most illustrious of the citizens to be haled to punishment. Upon this, a tumult arose in the assembly and, some of them rushing to arms, those who surrounded the multitude, upon a given signal, held up their swords.,3. \xa0And when all were terrified, Tullus rose up again and said: "It is no longer in your power, Albans, to act seditiously or even to make any false move. For if you dare attempt any disturbance, you shall all be slain by these troops (pointing to those who held their swords in their hands). Accept, then, the terms offered to you and become henceforth Romans. For you must do one of two things, either live at Rome or have no other country.,4. \xa0For early this morning Marcus Horatius set forth, sent by me, to raze your city to the foundations and to remove all the inhabitants to Rome. Knowing, then, that these orders are as good as executed already, cease to court destruction and do as you are bidden. As for Mettius Fufetius, who has not only laid snares for us in secret but even now has not hesitated to call the turbulent and seditious to arms, I\xa0shall punish him in such manner as his wicked and deceitful heart deserves.",5. \xa0At these words, that part of the assembly which was in an irritated mood, cowered in fear, restrained by inevitable necessity. Fufetius alone still showed his resentment and cried out, appealing to the treaty which he himself was convicted of having violated, and even in his distress abated nothing of his boldness; but the lictors seized him at the command of King Tullus, and tearing off his clothes, scourged his body with many stripes.,6. \xa0After he had been sufficiently punished in this manner, they brought up two teams of horses and with long traces fastened his arms to one of them and his feet to the other; then, as the drivers urged their teams apart, the wretch was mangled upon the ground and, being dragged by the two teams in opposite directions, was soon torn apart.,7. \xa0This was the miserable and shameful end of Mettius Fufetius. For the trial of his friends and the accomplices of his treachery the king set up courts and put to death such of the accused as were found guilty, pursuant to the law respecting deserters and traitors. ''. None |
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35. Vergil, Aeneis, 1.1, 1.5, 1.12, 1.13, 1.14, 1.15, 1.16, 1.19, 1.20, 1.30, 1.31, 1.32, 1.35, 1.39, 1.82, 1.87, 1.94, 1.95, 1.96, 1.162, 1.183, 1.192, 1.193, 1.197, 1.198, 1.199, 1.200, 1.201, 1.202, 1.203, 1.204, 1.205, 1.206, 1.207, 1.227, 1.228, 1.229, 1.278, 1.279, 1.292, 1.298, 1.302, 1.303, 1.315, 1.332, 1.333, 1.335, 1.336, 1.337, 1.338, 1.339, 1.340, 1.341, 1.342, 1.343, 1.344, 1.345, 1.346, 1.347, 1.348, 1.349, 1.350, 1.351, 1.352, 1.353, 1.354, 1.355, 1.356, 1.357, 1.358, 1.359, 1.360, 1.361, 1.362, 1.363, 1.364, 1.365, 1.366, 1.367, 1.368, 1.370, 1.371, 1.384, 1.385, 1.418, 1.419, 1.420, 1.421, 1.422, 1.423, 1.424, 1.425, 1.426, 1.427, 1.428, 1.429, 1.430, 1.431, 1.432, 1.433, 1.434, 1.435, 1.436, 1.437, 1.450, 1.451, 1.452, 1.453, 1.454, 1.455, 1.456, 1.457, 1.458, 1.459, 1.460, 1.461, 1.462, 1.463, 1.464, 1.465, 1.466, 1.467, 1.468, 1.469, 1.470, 1.471, 1.472, 1.473, 1.474, 1.475, 1.476, 1.477, 1.478, 1.479, 1.480, 1.481, 1.482, 1.483, 1.484, 1.485, 1.486, 1.487, 1.488, 1.489, 1.490, 1.491, 1.492, 1.493, 1.498, 1.499, 1.500, 1.501, 1.502, 1.503, 1.504, 1.539, 1.573, 1.590, 1.591, 1.592, 1.613, 1.621, 1.628, 1.629, 1.630, 1.657, 1.661, 1.686, 1.688, 1.711, 1.712, 1.713, 1.714, 1.717, 1.722, 1.725, 1.726, 1.727, 1.728, 1.729, 1.730, 1.731, 1.732, 1.733, 1.734, 1.740, 1.741, 1.742, 1.743, 1.744, 1.745, 1.746, 1.747, 1.748, 1.749, 1.750, 1.751, 1.752, 1.753, 1.754, 1.755, 1.756, 2.6, 2.10, 2.35, 2.36, 2.37, 2.38, 2.39, 2.54, 2.55, 2.56, 2.547, 2.548, 2.549, 2.550, 2.589, 2.591, 2.592, 2.593, 2.594, 2.595, 2.596, 2.597, 2.602, 2.603, 2.605, 2.608, 2.609, 2.611, 2.612, 2.613, 2.614, 2.615, 2.616, 2.617, 2.622, 2.623, 3.303, 3.304, 3.305, 3.717, 4, 4.2, 4.12, 4.13, 4.14, 4.22, 4.24, 4.25, 4.26, 4.27, 4.38, 4.66, 4.67, 4.77, 4.78, 4.79, 4.86, 4.87, 4.88, 4.89, 4.91, 4.95, 4.101, 4.105, 4.110, 4.113, 4.114, 4.117, 4.118, 4.124, 4.125, 4.126, 4.127, 4.128, 4.160, 4.161, 4.162, 4.163, 4.164, 4.165, 4.166, 4.167, 4.168, 4.169, 4.170, 4.171, 4.172, 4.173, 4.189, 4.190, 4.193, 4.215, 4.223, 4.224, 4.225, 4.226, 4.227, 4.228, 4.229, 4.230, 4.231, 4.232, 4.233, 4.234, 4.235, 4.236, 4.237, 4.259, 4.260, 4.261, 4.262, 4.263, 4.264, 4.265, 4.266, 4.267, 4.268, 4.269, 4.270, 4.271, 4.272, 4.273, 4.274, 4.275, 4.276, 4.277, 4.278, 4.279, 4.280, 4.281, 4.282, 4.304, 4.305, 4.306, 4.307, 4.308, 4.314, 4.315, 4.316, 4.317, 4.318, 4.320, 4.321, 4.322, 4.323, 4.324, 4.327, 4.328, 4.329, 4.330, 4.333, 4.334, 4.335, 4.336, 4.337, 4.338, 4.339, 4.340, 4.341, 4.342, 4.343, 4.344, 4.347, 4.348, 4.349, 4.350, 4.361, 4.361-5.34, 4.365, 4.366, 4.369, 4.370, 4.376, 4.379, 4.380, 4.382, 4.383, 4.384, 4.385, 4.386, 4.387, 4.393, 4.394, 4.395, 4.396, 4.421, 4.450, 4.451, 4.452, 4.453, 4.454, 4.455, 4.456, 4.457, 4.458, 4.459, 4.460, 4.461, 4.462, 4.463, 4.464, 4.465, 4.466, 4.467, 4.468, 4.469, 4.470, 4.471, 4.472, 4.473, 4.474, 4.480, 4.481, 4.482, 4.483, 4.484, 4.485, 4.486, 4.496, 4.497, 4.504, 4.505, 4.506, 4.507, 4.509, 4.518, 4.520, 4.521, 4.529, 4.530, 4.531, 4.532, 4.534, 4.535, 4.536, 4.540, 4.541, 4.542, 4.547, 4.550, 4.551, 4.552, 4.553, 4.554, 4.555, 4.556, 4.557, 4.558, 4.559, 4.560, 4.561, 4.562, 4.563, 4.564, 4.565, 4.566, 4.567, 4.568, 4.569, 4.570, 4.571, 4.572, 4.573, 4.574, 4.575, 4.576, 4.577, 4.578, 4.579, 4.580, 4.581, 4.582, 4.583, 4.584, 4.585, 4.586, 4.587, 4.588, 4.589, 4.590, 4.591, 4.592, 4.593, 4.594, 4.595, 4.596, 4.597, 4.598, 4.599, 4.600, 4.601, 4.602, 4.603, 4.604, 4.605, 4.606, 4.607, 4.608, 4.609, 4.610, 4.611, 4.612, 4.613, 4.614, 4.615, 4.616, 4.617, 4.618, 4.619, 4.620, 4.621, 4.622, 4.623, 4.624, 4.625, 4.626, 4.627, 4.628, 4.629, 4.639, 4.648, 4.649, 4.650, 4.651, 4.652, 4.653, 4.654, 4.655, 4.656, 4.657, 4.658, 4.659, 4.660, 4.661, 4.662, 4.667, 4.677, 4.685, 4.693, 4.694, 4.695, 4.696, 4.697, 4.698, 4.699, 4.700, 4.701, 4.702, 4.703, 4.704, 4.705, 5.485, 5.486, 5.487, 5.488, 5.489, 5.490, 5.491, 5.492, 5.493, 5.494, 5.495, 5.496, 5.497, 5.498, 5.499, 5.500, 5.501, 5.502, 5.503, 5.504, 5.505, 5.506, 5.507, 5.508, 5.509, 5.510, 5.511, 5.512, 5.513, 5.514, 5.515, 5.516, 5.517, 5.518, 5.519, 5.520, 5.521, 5.522, 5.523, 5.524, 5.525, 5.526, 5.527, 5.528, 5.529, 5.530, 5.531, 5.532, 5.533, 5.534, 5.535, 5.536, 5.537, 5.538, 5.539, 5.540, 5.541, 5.542, 5.628, 5.636, 5.637, 5.638, 6.18, 6.19, 6.20, 6.21, 6.22, 6.23, 6.24, 6.25, 6.26, 6.27, 6.28, 6.29, 6.30, 6.31, 6.32, 6.33, 6.49, 6.440, 6.441, 6.442, 6.443, 6.444, 6.445, 6.446, 6.447, 6.448, 6.449, 6.450, 6.451, 6.456, 6.460, 6.465, 6.469, 6.470, 6.474, 6.475, 6.520, 6.521, 6.522, 6.650, 6.651, 6.652, 6.653, 6.654, 6.655, 6.656, 6.657, 6.658, 6.659, 6.660, 6.661, 6.662, 6.663, 6.664, 6.665, 6.666, 6.667, 6.668, 6.669, 6.670, 6.671, 6.672, 6.673, 6.674, 6.675, 6.676, 6.749, 6.756, 6.757, 6.758, 6.759, 6.760, 6.761, 6.762, 6.763, 6.764, 6.765, 6.766, 6.767, 6.768, 6.769, 6.770, 6.771, 6.772, 6.773, 6.774, 6.775, 6.776, 6.777, 6.778, 6.779, 6.780, 6.781, 6.782, 6.783, 6.784, 6.785, 6.786, 6.787, 6.788, 6.789, 6.790, 6.791, 6.792, 6.793, 6.794, 6.795, 6.796, 6.797, 6.798, 6.799, 6.800, 6.801, 6.802, 6.803, 6.804, 6.805, 6.806, 6.807, 6.808, 6.809, 6.810, 6.811, 6.812, 6.813, 6.814, 6.815, 6.816, 6.817, 6.818, 6.820, 6.821, 6.822, 6.823, 6.824, 6.825, 6.826, 6.827, 6.828, 6.829, 6.830, 6.831, 6.832, 6.833, 6.834, 6.835, 6.836, 6.837, 6.838, 6.839, 6.840, 6.841, 6.842, 6.843, 6.844, 6.845, 6.846, 6.847, 6.848, 6.849, 6.850, 6.851, 6.852, 6.853, 6.854, 6.855, 6.856, 6.857, 6.858, 6.859, 6.860, 6.861, 6.862, 6.863, 6.864, 6.865, 6.866, 6.867, 6.868, 6.869, 6.870, 6.871, 6.872, 6.873, 6.874, 6.875, 6.876, 6.877, 6.878, 6.879, 6.880, 6.881, 6.882, 6.883, 6.884, 6.885, 6.886, 6.887, 6.888, 6.889, 6.890, 6.891, 6.892, 7.362, 7.647, 7.648, 7.649, 7.650, 7.651, 7.652, 7.653, 7.654, 7.689, 7.690, 8.342, 8.343, 8.643, 8.671, 8.678, 8.679, 8.680, 8.681, 8.682, 8.683, 8.684, 8.685, 8.686, 8.687, 8.688, 8.689, 8.690, 8.691, 8.692, 8.693, 8.694, 8.695, 8.696, 8.697, 8.698, 8.699, 8.700, 8.701, 8.702, 8.703, 8.704, 8.705, 8.706, 8.707, 8.708, 8.709, 8.710, 8.711, 8.712, 8.713, 8.714, 8.715, 8.716, 8.717, 8.718, 8.719, 8.720, 8.721, 8.722, 8.723, 8.724, 8.725, 8.726, 8.727, 8.728, 9.435, 9.436, 9.437, 9.576, 9.741, 9.742, 10.143, 10.144, 10.145, 10.270, 10.271, 10.272, 10.273, 10.274, 10.275, 10.276, 10.277, 12.64, 12.65, 12.66, 12.67, 12.68, 12.69, 12.435, 12.436, 12.437, 12.438, 12.439, 12.440, 12.605, 12.946, 12.947
Tagged with subjects: • Aeneas, and Dido • Aeneas, as Dido • Aeneas, chasing Dido • Aeneas, first meeting with Dido • Aeneid, Dido • Ajax Telamonius, as Dido • Anna, Dido’s sister • Atossa, as Dido • Dido • Dido (Aeneid) • Dido, • Dido, Iliadic orientation • Dido, and Anna • Dido, and Mezentius • Dido, and Pygmalion • Dido, and Sychaeus • Dido, as univira • Dido, character • Dido, curse • Dido, death • Dido, etymology • Dido, fidelity of • Dido, in Naevius’ The Punic War • Dido, in Pompeian graffiti • Dido, in light of kingship theory • Dido, intertexutal identities, Alcestis • Dido, intertexutal identities, Alcinous • Dido, intertexutal identities, Arete • Dido, intertexutal identities, Calypso • Dido, intertexutal identities, Circe • Dido, intertexutal identities, Cleopatra • Dido, intertexutal identities, Helen • Dido, intertexutal identities, Heracles • Dido, intertexutal identities, Hippolytus • Dido, intertexutal identities, Medea • Dido, intertexutal identities, Nausicaa • Dido, intertexutal identities, Penthesilea • Dido, intertexutal identities, Phaedra • Dido, intertexutal identities, Sophonisba • Dido, motif of, in Petronius • Dido, pudor of • Phaedra, and Vergil’s Dido • Pygmalion, brother of Dido • Vergil, Aeneid, bedchamber of Dido in • body, ‘physiognomy’, and Vergil’s Dido • childlessness, of Dido • marriage, and status of Dido-Aeneas relationship • pudicitia, of Dido
Found in books: Agri (2022) 36, 37, 85, 86, 89, 92, 116, 126; Augoustakis (2014) 128, 177, 238, 242, 267, 270, 275, 276, 277, 278, 279, 280; Augoustakis et al (2021) 8, 24, 25, 29, 87, 93, 152, 189, 190, 191, 202; Bednarek (2021) 198, 201, 208; Bexley (2022) 204; Blum and Biggs (2019) 153, 179; Braund and Most (2004) 218, 219, 220; Burton (2009) 50; Fabre-Serris et al (2021) 136, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 199; Farrell (2021) 14, 86, 96, 97, 100, 102, 108, 109, 110, 128, 129, 144, 146, 147, 156, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 180, 187, 209, 212, 216, 219, 220, 221, 222, 223, 236, 241, 242, 244, 246, 247, 248, 257, 265, 282, 284, 290; Gazis and Hooper (2021) 63, 65; Giusti (2018) 103, 112, 113, 114, 115, 126, 131, 132, 136, 200, 201, 247; Goldhill (2022) 88, 125; Goldman (2013) 41, 59, 120; Goldschmidt (2019) 166; Gordon (2012) 61, 63, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 105, 121; Huebner and Laes (2019) 151, 153, 154, 155, 158, 159, 160; Jenkyns (2013) 115, 116, 178, 280, 281; Johnson and Parker (2009) 309; Kaster(2005) 62, 89; Luck (2006) 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121; Manolaraki (2012) 149, 194; Mawford and Ntanou (2021) 159, 174, 221, 303, 304; Miller and Clay (2019) 129, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, 179, 181, 182, 186, 187, 188, 215, 216; Panoussi(2019) 208, 226, 233, 236, 248, 250, 253; Perkell (1989) 50; Pillinger (2019) 157, 204, 205; Pinheiro et al (2012a) 220, 230; Rutledge (2012) 90; Thorsen et al. (2021) 128, 132, 134, 135, 137, 138; Verhagen (2022) 128, 177, 238, 242, 267, 270, 275, 276, 277, 278, 279, 280; Xinyue (2022) 166, 167, 168, 175, 176; de Jáuregui et al. (2011) 346; van , t Westeinde (2021) 173
1.1. Arma virumque cano, Troiae qui primus ab oris
1.5. multa quoque et bello passus, dum conderet urbem,
1.12. Urbs antiqua fuit, Tyrii tenuere coloni,
1.13. Karthago, Italiam contra Tiberinaque longe
1.1
4. ostia, dives opum studiisque asperrima belli;
1.15. quam Iuno fertur terris magis omnibus unam
1.19. Progeniem sed enim Troiano a sanguine duci
1.20. audierat, Tyrias olim quae verteret arces;
1.30. Troas, reliquias Danaum atque immitis Achilli,
1.31. arcebat longe Latio, multosque per annos
1.32. errabant, acti fatis, maria omnia circum.
1.35. vela dabant laeti, et spumas salis aere ruebant,
1.39. Quippe vetor fatis. Pallasne exurere classem
1.82. impulit in latus: ac venti, velut agmine facto,
1.87. Insequitur clamorque virum stridorque rudentum.
1.9
4. talia voce refert: O terque quaterque beati,
1.95. quis ante ora patrum Troiae sub moenibus altis
1.96. contigit oppetere! O Danaum fortissime gentis
1.162. Hinc atque hinc vastae rupes geminique mitur
1.183. aut Capyn, aut celsis in puppibus arma Caici.
1.192. nec prius absistit, quam septem ingentia victor
1.193. corpora fundat humi, et numerum cum navibus aequet.
1.197. dividit, et dictis maerentia pectora mulcet:
1.198. O socii—neque enim ignari sumus ante malorum—
1.199. O passi graviora, dabit deus his quoque finem.
1.200. Vos et Scyllaeam rabiem penitusque sotis
1.201. accestis scopulos, vos et Cyclopea saxa
1.202. experti: revocate animos, maestumque timorem
1.203. mittite: forsan et haec olim meminisse iuvabit.
1.20
4. Per varios casus, per tot discrimina rerum
1.205. tendimus in Latium; sedes ubi fata quietas
1.206. ostendunt; illic fas regna resurgere Troiae.
1.207. Durate, et vosmet rebus servate secundis.
1.227. Atque illum talis iactantem pectore curas
1.228. tristior et lacrimis oculos suffusa nitentis
1.279. imperium sine fine dedi. Quin aspera Iuno,
1.292. cana Fides, et Vesta, Remo cum fratre Quirinus,
1.302. Et iam iussa facit, ponuntque ferocia Poeni
1.303. corda volente deo; in primis regina quietum
1.315. virginis os habitumque gerens, et virginis arma
1.332. iactemur, doceas. Ignari hominumque locorumque
1.333. erramus, vento huc vastis et fluctibus acti:
1.335. Tum Venus: Haud equidem tali me dignor honore;
1.336. virginibus Tyriis mos est gestare pharetram,
1.337. purpureoque alte suras vincire cothurno.
1.338. Punica regna vides, Tyrios et Agenoris urbem;
1.339. sed fines Libyci, genus intractabile bello.
1.3
40. Imperium Dido Tyria regit urbe profecta,
1.3
41. germanum fugiens. Longa est iniuria, longae
1.3
42. ambages; sed summa sequar fastigia rerum.
1.3
43. Huic coniunx Sychaeus erat, ditissimus agri
1.3
4
4. Phoenicum, et magno miserae dilectus amore,
1.3
46. ominibus. Sed regna Tyri germanus habebat
1.3
47. Pygmalion, scelere ante alios immanior omnes.
1.3
48. Quos inter medius venit furor. Ille Sychaeum
1.3
49. impius ante aras, atque auri caecus amore,
1.350. clam ferro incautum superat, securus amorum
1.351. germanae; factumque diu celavit, et aegram,
1.352. multa malus simulans, vana spe lusit amantem.
1.353. Ipsa sed in somnis inhumati venit imago
1.35
4. coniugis, ora modis attollens pallida miris,
1.355. crudeles aras traiectaque pectora ferro
1.356. nudavit, caecumque domus scelus omne retexit.
1.357. Tum celerare fugam patriaque excedere suadet,
1.358. auxiliumque viae veteres tellure recludit
1.359. thesauros, ignotum argenti pondus et auri.
1.360. His commota fugam Dido sociosque parabat:
1.361. conveniunt, quibus aut odium crudele tyranni
1.362. aut metus acer erat; navis, quae forte paratae,
1.363. corripiunt, onerantque auro: portantur avari
1.36
4. Pygmalionis opes pelago; dux femina facti.
1.365. Devenere locos, ubi nunc ingentia cernis
1.366. moenia surgentemque novae Karthaginis arcem,
1.367. mercatique solum, facti de nomine Byrsam,
1.368. taurino quantum possent circumdare tergo.
1.370. quove tenetis iter? Quaerenti talibus ille
1.371. suspirans, imoque trahens a pectore vocem:
1.38
4. Ipse ignotus, egens, Libyae deserta peragro,
1.385. Europa atque Asia pulsus. Nec plura querentem
1.
418. Corripuere viam interea, qua semita monstrat.
1.
419. Iamque ascendebant collem, qui plurimus urbi
1.
420. imminet, adversasque adspectat desuper arces.
1.
421. Miratur molem Aeneas, magalia quondam,
1.
422. miratur portas strepitumque et strata viarum.
1.
423. Instant ardentes Tyrii pars ducere muros,
1.
42
4. molirique arcem et manibus subvolvere saxa,
1.
425. pars optare locum tecto et concludere sulco.
1.
426. 1.
427. hic portus alii effodiunt; hic alta theatris
1.
428. fundamenta locant alii, immanisque columnas
1.
429. rupibus excidunt, scaenis decora alta futuris.
1.
430. Qualis apes aestate nova per florea rura
1.
431. exercet sub sole labor, cum gentis adultos
1.
432. educunt fetus, aut cum liquentia mella
1.
433. stipant et dulci distendunt nectare cellas,
1.
43
4. aut onera accipiunt venientum, aut agmine facto
1.
435. ignavom fucos pecus a praesepibus arcent:
1.
436. fervet opus, redolentque thymo fragrantia mella.
1.
437. O fortunati, quorum iam moenia surgunt!
1.
450. Hoc primum in luco nova res oblata timorem
1.
451. leniit, hic primum Aeneas sperare salutem
1.
452. ausus, et adflictis melius confidere rebus.
1.
453. Namque sub ingenti lustrat dum singula templo,
1.
45
4. reginam opperiens, dum, quae fortuna sit urbi,
1.
455. artificumque manus inter se operumque laborem
1.
456. miratur, videt Iliacas ex ordine pugnas,
1.
457. bellaque iam fama totum volgata per orbem,
1.
458. Atridas, Priamumque, et saevum ambobus Achillem.
1.
459. Constitit, et lacrimans, Quis iam locus inquit Achate,
1.
461. En Priamus! Sunt hic etiam sua praemia laudi;
1.
462. sunt lacrimae rerum et mentem mortalia tangunt.
1.
463. Solve metus; feret haec aliquam tibi fama salutem.
1.
46
4. Sic ait, atque animum pictura pascit ii,
1.
465. multa gemens, largoque umectat flumine voltum.
1.
466. Namque videbat, uti bellantes Pergama circum
1.
467. hac fugerent Graii, premeret Troiana iuventus,
1.
468. hac Phryges, instaret curru cristatus Achilles.
1.
469. Nec procul hinc Rhesi niveis tentoria velis
1.
470. adgnoscit lacrimans, primo quae prodita somno
1.
471. Tydides multa vastabat caede cruentus,
1.
472. ardentisque avertit equos in castra, prius quam
1.
473. pabula gustassent Troiae Xanthumque bibissent.
1.
47
4. Parte alia fugiens amissis Troilus armis,
1.
475. infelix puer atque impar congressus Achilli,
1.
476. fertur equis, curruque haeret resupinus ii,
1.
477. lora tenens tamen; huic cervixque comaeque trahuntur
1.
478. per terram, et versa pulvis inscribitur hasta.
1.
479. Interea ad templum non aequae Palladis ibant
1.
480. crinibus Iliades passis peplumque ferebant,
1.
481. suppliciter tristes et tunsae pectora palmis;
1.
482. diva solo fixos oculos aversa tenebat.
1.
483. Ter circum Iliacos raptaverat Hectora muros,
1.
48
4. exanimumque auro corpus vendebat Achilles.
1.
485. Tum vero ingentem gemitum dat pectore ab imo,
1.
486. ut spolia, ut currus, utque ipsum corpus amici,
1.
487. tendentemque manus Priamum conspexit inermis.
1.
488. Se quoque principibus permixtum adgnovit Achivis,
1.
489. Eoasque acies et nigri Memnonis arma.
1.
490. Ducit Amazonidum lunatis agmina peltis
1.
491. Penthesilea furens, mediisque in milibus ardet,
1.
492. aurea subnectens exsertae cingula mammae,
1.
493. bellatrix, audetque viris concurrere virgo.
1.
498. Qualis in Eurotae ripis aut per iuga Cynthi
1.
499. exercet Diana choros, quam mille secutae
1.500. hinc atque hinc glomerantur oreades; illa pharetram
1.501. fert umero, gradiensque deas supereminet omnis:
1.502. Latonae tacitum pertemptant gaudia pectus:
1.503. talis erat Dido, talem se laeta ferebat
1.50
4. per medios, instans operi regnisque futuris.
1.539. Quod genus hoc hominum? Quaeve hunc tam barbara morem
1.573. urbem quam statuo vestra est, subducite navis;
1.590. caesariem nato genetrix lumenque iuventae
1.591. purpureum et laetos oculis adflarat honores:
1.592. quale manus addunt ebori decus, aut ubi flavo
1.613. Obstipuit primo aspectu Sidonia Dido,
1.621. auxilio Beli; genitor tum Belus opimam
1.628. Me quoque per multos similis fortuna labores
1.629. iactatam hac demum voluit consistere terra.
1.630. Non ignara mali, miseris succurrere disco.
1.657. At Cytherea novas artes, nova pectore versat
1.661. quippe domum timet ambiguam Tyriosque bilinguis;
1.686. regalis inter mensas laticemque Lyaeum,
1.688. occultum inspires ignem fallasque veneno.
1.712. Praecipue infelix, pesti devota futurae,
1.713. expleri mentem nequit ardescitque tuendo
1.71
4. Phoenissa, et pariter puero donisque movetur.
1.717. reginam petit haec oculis, haec pectore toto
1.722. iam pridem resides animos desuetaque corda.
1.725. Fit strepitus tectis, vocemque per ampla volutant
1.726. atria; dependent lychni laquearibus aureis
1.728. Hic regina gravem gemmis auroque poposcit
1.729. implevitque mero pateram, quam Belus et omnes
1.730. a Belo soliti; tum facta silentia tectis:
1.731. Iuppiter, hospitibus nam te dare iura loquuntur,
1.732. hunc laetum Tyriisque diem Troiaque profectis
1.733. esse velis, nostrosque huius meminisse minores.
1.73
4. Adsit laetitiae Bacchus dator, et bona Iuno;
1.7
40. post alii proceres. Cithara crinitus Iopas
1.7
41. personat aurata, docuit quem maximus Atlas.
1.7
42. Hic canit errantem lunam solisque labores;
1.7
43. unde hominum genus et pecudes; unde imber et ignes;
1.7
4
4. Arcturum pluviasque Hyadas geminosque Triones;
1.7
45. quid tantum Oceano properent se tinguere soles
1.7
46. hiberni, vel quae tardis mora noctibus obstet.
1.7
47. Ingemit plausu Tyrii, Troesque sequuntur.
1.7
48. Nec non et vario noctem sermone trahebat
1.7
49. infelix Dido, longumque bibebat amorem,
1.750. multa super Priamo rogitans, super Hectore multa;
1.751. nunc quibus Aurorae venisset filius armis,
1.752. nunc quales Diomedis equi, nunc quantus Achilles.
1.753. Immo age, et a prima dic, hospes, origine nobis
1.75
4. insidias, inquit, Danaum, casusque tuorum,
1.755. erroresque tuos; nam te iam septima portat
1.756. omnibus errantem terris et fluctibus aestas.2.6. et quorum pars magna fui. Quis talia fando
2.10. Sed si tantus amor casus cognoscere nostros
2.35. At Capys, et quorum melior sententia menti,
2.36. aut pelago Danaum insidias suspectaque dona
2.37. praecipitare iubent, subiectisque urere flammis,
2.38. aut terebrare cavas uteri et temptare latebras.
2.39. Scinditur incertum studia in contraria volgus.
2.5
4. Et, si fata deum, si mens non laeva fuisset,
2.55. impulerat ferro Argolicas foedare latebras,
2.56. Troiaque, nunc stares, Priamique arx alta, maneres.
2.5
47. Cui Pyrrhus: Referes ergo haec et nuntius ibis
2.5
48. Pelidae genitori; illi mea tristia facta
2.5
49. degeneremque Neoptolemum narrare memento.
2.550. Nunc morere. Hoc dicens altaria ad ipsa trementem
2.589. cum mihi se, non ante oculis tam clara, videndam
2.591. alma parens, confessa deam, qualisque videri
2.592. caelicolis et quanta solet, dextraque prehensum
2.593. continuit, roseoque haec insuper addidit ore:
2.59
4. Nate, quis indomitas tantus dolor excitat iras?
2.595. Quid furis, aut quonam nostri tibi cura recessit?
2.596. Non prius aspicies, ubi fessum aetate parentem
2.597. liqueris Anchisen; superet coniunxne Creüsa,
2.603. has evertit opes sternitque a culmine Troiam.
2.605. mortalis hebetat visus tibi et umida circum
2.608. hic, ubi disiectas moles avolsaque saxis
2.609. saxa vides mixtoque undantem pulvere fumum.
2.611. fundamenta quatit, totamque a sedibus urbem
2.612. eruit; hic Iuno Scaeas saevissima portas
2.613. prima tenet, sociumque furens a navibus agmen
2.61
4. ferro accincta vocat.
2.615. Iam summas arces Tritonia, respice, Pallas
2.616. insedit, nimbo effulgens et Gorgone saeva.
2.617. Ipse pater Danais animos viresque secundas
2.622. Adparent dirae facies inimicaque Troiae
2.623. numina magna deum.
3.303. libabat cineri Andromache, Manisque vocabat
3.30
4. Hectoreum ad tumulum, viridi quem caespite iem
3.305. et geminas, causam lacrimis, sacraverat aras.
3.717. fata renarrabat divom, cursusque docebat.
4.2. volnus alit venis, et caeco carpitur igni.
4.12. Credo equidem, nec vana fides, genus esse deorum.
4.13. Degeneres animos timor arguit: heu, quibus ille
4.1
4. iactatus fatis! Quae bella exhausta canebat!
4.22. solus hic inflexit sensus, animumque labantem
4.2
4. Sed mihi vel tellus optem prius ima dehiscat,
4.25. vel Pater omnipotens adigat me fulmine ad umbras,
4.26. pallentis umbras Erebi noctemque profundam,
4.27. ante, Pudor, quam te violo, aut tua iura resolvo.
4.38. dives alit: placitone etiam pugnabis amori?
4.66. quid delubra iuvant? Est mollis flamma medullas
4.67. interea, et tacitum vivit sub pectore volnus.
4.77. nunc eadem labente die convivia quaerit,
4.78. Iliacosque iterum demens audire labores
4.79. exposcit, pendetque iterum narrantis ab ore.
4.86. Non coeptae adsurgunt turres, non arma iuventus
4.87. exercet, portusve aut propugnacula bello
4.88. tuta parant; pendent opera interrupta, minaeque
4.89. murorum ingentes aequataque machina caelo.
4.91. cara Iovis coniunx, nec famam obstare furori,
4.95. una dolo divom si femina victa duorum est!
4.101. ardet amans Dido, traxitque per ossa furorem.
4.105. Olli—sensit enim simulata mente locutam,
4.110. Sed fatis incerta feror, si Iuppiter unam
4.113. Tu coniunx tibi fas animum temptare precando.
4.11
4. Perge; sequar. Tum sic excepit regia Iuno:
4.117. Venatum Aeneas unaque miserrima Dido
4.118. in nemus ire parant, ubi primos crastinus ortus
4.12
4. speluncam Dido dux et Troianus eandem
4.125. devenient; adero, et, tua si mihi certa voluntas,
4.127. hic hymenaeus erit.—Non adversata petenti
4.128. adnuit, atque dolis risit Cytherea repertis.
4.160. Interea magno misceri murmure caelum
4.161. incipit; insequitur commixta grandine nimbus;
4.162. et Tyrii comites passim et Troiana iuventus
4.163. Dardaniusque nepos Veneris diversa per agros
4.16
4. tecta metu petiere; ruunt de montibus amnes.
4.165. Speluncam Dido dux et Troianus eandem
4.166. deveniunt: prima et Tellus et pronuba Iuno
4.167. dant signum; fulsere ignes et conscius aether
4.168. conubiis, summoque ulularunt vertice nymphae.
4.169. Ille dies primus leti primusque malorum
4.170. causa fuit; neque enim specie famave movetur,
4.171. nec iam furtivum Dido meditatur amorem:
4.172. coniugium vocat; hoc praetexit nomine culpam.
4.173. Extemplo Libyae magnas it Fama per urbes—
4.189. Haec tum multiplici populos sermone replebat
4.190. gaudens, et pariter facta atque infecta canebat:
4.193. nunc hiemem inter se luxu, quam longa, fovere
4.215. Et nunc ille Paris cum semiviro comitatu,
4.223. Vade age, nate, voca Zephyros et labere pennis,
4.22
4. Dardaniumque ducem, Tyria Karthagine qui nunc
4.225. exspectat, fatisque datas non respicit urbes,
4.227. Non illum nobis genetrix pulcherrima talem
4.228. promisit, Graiumque ideo bis vindicat armis;
4.229. sed fore, qui gravidam imperiis belloque frementem
4.230. Italiam regeret, genus alto a sanguine Teucri
4.231. proderet, ac totum sub leges mitteret orbem.
4.232. Si nulla accendit tantarum gloria rerum,
4.233. nec super ipse sua molitur laude laborem,
4.23
4. Ascanione pater Romanas invidet arces?
4.235. Quid struit, aut qua spe inimica in gente moratur,
4.236. nec prolem Ausoniam et Lavinia respicit arva?
4.237. Naviget: haec summa est; hic nostri nuntius esto.
4.259. Ut primum alatis tetigit magalia plantis,
4.260. Aenean fundantem arces ac tecta novantem
4.261. conspicit; atque illi stellatus iaspide fulva
4.262. ensis erat, Tyrioque ardebat murice laena
4.263. demissa ex umeris, dives quae munera Dido
4.26
4. fecerat, et tenui telas discreverat auro.
4.265. Continuo invadit: Tu nunc Karthaginis altae
4.266. fundamenta locas, pulchramque uxorius urbem
4.267. exstruis, heu regni rerumque oblite tuarum?
4.268. Ipse deum tibi me claro demittit Olympo
4.269. regnator, caelum ac terras qui numine torquet;
4.270. ipse haec ferre iubet celeris mandata per auras:
4.271. quid struis, aut qua spe Libycis teris otia terris?
4.272. Si te nulla movet tantarum gloria rerum,
4.27
4. Ascanium surgentem et spes heredis Iuli
4.275. respice, cui regnum Italiae Romanaque tellus
4.276. debentur. Tali Cyllenius ore locutus
4.277. mortalis visus medio sermone reliquit,
4.278. et procul in tenuem ex oculis evanuit auram.
4.279. At vero Aeneas aspectu obmutuit amens,
4.280. arrectaeque horrore comae, et vox faucibus haesit.
4.282. attonitus tanto monitu imperioque deorum.
4.30
4. Tandem his Aenean compellat vocibus ultro:
4.305. Dissimulare etiam sperasti, perfide, tantum
4.306. posse nefas, tacitusque mea decedere terra?
4.307. Nec te noster amor, nec te data dextera quondam,
4.308. nec moritura tenet crudeli funere Dido?
4.31
4. Mene fugis? Per ego has lacrimas dextramque tuam te
4.315. (quando aliud mihi iam miserae nihil ipsa reliqui)
4.316. per conubia nostra, per inceptos hymenaeos,
4.317. si bene quid de te merui, fuit aut tibi quicquam
4.318. dulce meum, miserere domus labentis, et istam—
4.320. Te propter Libycae gentes Nomadumque tyranni
4.321. odere, infensi Tyrii; te propter eundem
4.322. exstinctus pudor, et, qua sola sidera adibam,
4.323. fama prior. Cui me moribundam deseris, hospes?
4.32
4. Hoc solum nomen quoniam de coniuge restat.
4.327. Saltem si qua mihi de te suscepta fuisset
4.328. ante fugam suboles, si quis mihi parvulus aula
4.329. luderet Aeneas, qui te tamen ore referret,
4.330. non equidem omnino capta ac deserta viderer.
4.333. Tandem pauca refert: Ego te, quae plurima fando
4.33
4. enumerare vales, numquam, regina, negabo
4.335. promeritam; nec me meminisse pigebit Elissae,
4.336. dum memor ipse mei, dum spiritus hos regit artus.
4.337. Pro re pauca loquar. Neque ego hanc abscondere furto
4.338. speravi—ne finge—fugam, nec coniugis umquam
4.339. praetendi taedas, aut haec in foedera veni.
4.3
41. auspiciis et sponte mea componere curas,
4.3
42. urbem Troianam primum dulcisque meorum
4.3
43. reliquias colerem, Priami tecta alta manerent,
4.3
4
4. et recidiva manu posuissem Pergama victis.
4.3
47. hic amor, haec patria est. Si te Karthaginis arces,
4.3
48. Phoenissam, Libycaeque aspectus detinet urbis,
4.3
49. quae tandem, Ausonia Teucros considere terra,
4.350. invidia est? Et nos fas extera quaerere regna.
4.361. Italiam non sponte sequor.
4.365. Nec tibi diva parens, generis nec Dardanus auctor,
4.366. perfide; sed duris genuit te cautibus horrens
4.369. Num fletu ingemuit nostro? Num lumina flexit?
4.370. Num lacrimas victus dedit, aut miseratus amantem est?
4.376. Heu furiis incensa feror! Nunc augur Apollo,
4.379. Scilicet is Superis labor est, ea cura quietos
4.380. sollicitat. Neque te teneo, neque dicta refello.
4.382. Spero equidem mediis, si quid pia numina possunt,
4.383. supplicia hausurum scopulis, et nomine Dido
4.38
4. saepe vocaturum. Sequar atris ignibus absens,
4.385. et, cum frigida mors anima seduxerit artus,
4.386. omnibus umbra locis adero. Dabis, improbe, poenas.
4.387. Audiam et haec Manis veniet mihi fama sub imos.
4.393. At pius Aeneas, quamquam lenire dolentem
4.39
4. solando cupit et dictis avertere curas,
4.395. multa gemens magnoque animum labefactus amore,
4.396. iussa tamen divom exsequitur, classemque revisit.
4.
421. exsequere, Anna, mihi. Solam nam perfidus ille
4.
450. Tum vero infelix fatis exterrita Dido
4.
451. mortem orat; taedet caeli convexa tueri.
4.
452. Quo magis inceptum peragat lucemque relinquat,
4.
453. vidit, turicremis cum dona imponeret aris,
4.
45
4. horrendum dictu, latices nigrescere sacros,
4.
455. fusaque in obscenum se vertere vina cruorem.
4.
456. Hoc visum nulli, non ipsi effata sorori.
4.
457. Praeterea fuit in tectis de marmore templum
4.
458. coniugis antiqui, miro quod honore colebat,
4.
459. velleribus niveis et festa fronde revinctum:
4.
460. hinc exaudiri voces et verba vocantis
4.
461. visa viri, nox cum terras obscura teneret;
4.
462. solaque culminibus ferali carmine bubo
4.
463. saepe queri et longas in fletum ducere voces;
4.
46
4. multaque praeterea vatum praedicta priorum
4.
466. in somnis ferus Aeneas; semperque relinqui
4.
467. sola sibi, semper longam incomitata videtur
4.
468. ire viam, et Tyrios deserta quaerere terra.
4.
469. Eumenidum veluti demens videt agmina Pentheus,
4.
470. et solem geminum et duplicis se ostendere Thebas;
4.
471. aut Agamemnonius scaenis agitatus Orestes
4.
472. armatam facibus matrem et serpentibus atris
4.
473. cum fugit, ultricesque sedent in limine Dirae.
4.
47
4. Ergo ubi concepit furias evicta dolore
4.
480. Oceani finem iuxta solemque cadentem
4.
481. ultimus Aethiopum locus est, ubi maxumus Atlas
4.
482. axem humero torquet stellis ardentibus aptum:
4.
483. hinc mihi Massylae gentis monstrata sacerdos,
4.
48
4. Hesperidum templi custos, epulasque draconi
4.
485. quae dabat, et sacros servabat in arbore ramos,
4.
486. spargens umida mella soporiferumque papaver.
4.
496. impius, exuviasque omnis, lectumque iugalem,
4.
497. quo perii, superimponas: abolere nefandi
4.50
4. At regina, pyra penetrali in sede sub auras
4.505. erecta ingenti taedis atque ilice secta,
4.506. intenditque locum sertis, et fronde coronat
4.509. Stant arae circum, et crines effusa sacerdos
4.518. unum exuta pedem vinclis, in veste recincta,
4.520. sidera; tum, si quod non aequo foedere amantes
4.521. curae numen habet iustumque memorque, precatur.
4.529. At non infelix animi Phoenissa, nec umquam
4.530. Solvitur in somnos, oculisve aut pectore noctem
4.531. accipit: ingemit curae, rursusque resurgens
4.532. saevit amor, magnoque irarum fluctuat aestu.
4.53
4. En, quid ago? Rursusne procos inrisa priores
4.535. experiar, Nomadumque petam conubia supplex,
4.536. quos ego sim totiens iam dedignata maritos?
4.5
40. Quis me autem, fac velle, sinet, ratibusve superbis
4.5
41. invisam accipiet? Nescis heu, perdita, necdum
4.5
42. Laomedonteae sentis periuria gentis?
4.5
47. Quin morere, ut merita es, ferroque averte dolorem.
4.550. Non licuit thalami expertem sine crimine vitam
4.552. Non servata fides cineri promissa Sychaeo!
4.553. Tantos illa suo rumpebat pectore questus.
4.55
4. Aeneas celsa in puppi, iam certus eundi,
4.555. carpebat somnos, rebus iam rite paratis.
4.556. Huic se forma dei voltu redeuntis eodem
4.557. obtulit in somnis, rursusque ita visa monere est—
4.558. omnia Mercurio similis, vocemque coloremque
4.559. et crinis flavos et membra decora iuventa:
4.560. Nate dea, potes hoc sub casu ducere somnos,
4.561. nec, quae te circum stent deinde pericula, cernis,
4.562. demens, nec Zephyros audis spirare secundos?
4.563. Illa dolos dirumque nefas in pectore versat,
4.56
4. certa mori, varioque irarum fluctuat aestu.
4.565. Non fugis hinc praeceps, dum praecipitare potestas?
4.566. Iam mare turbari trabibus, saevasque videbis
4.567. conlucere faces, iam fervere litora flammis,
4.568. si te his attigerit terris Aurora morantem.
4.569. Heia age, rumpe moras. Varium et mutabile semper
4.570. femina. Sic fatus, nocti se immiscuit atrae.
4.571. Tum vero Aeneas, subitis exterritus umbris,
4.572. corripit e somno corpus, sociosque fatigat:
4.573. Praecipites vigilate, viri, et considite transtris;
4.57
4. solvite vela citi. Deus aethere missus ab alto
4.575. festinare fugam tortosque incidere funes
4.576. ecce iterum stimulat. Sequimur te, sancte deorum,
4.577. quisquis es, imperioque iterum paremus ovantes.
4.578. Adsis o placidusque iuves, et sidera caelo
4.579. dextra feras. Dixit, vaginaque eripit ensem
4.580. fulmineum, strictoque ferit retinacula ferro.
4.581. Idem omnes simul ardor habet, rapiuntque ruuntque;
4.582. litora deseruere; latet sub classibus aequor;
4.583. adnixi torquent spumas et caerula verrunt.
4.58
4. Et iam prima novo spargebat lumine terras
4.585. Tithoni croceum linquens Aurora cubile.
4.586. Regina e speculis ut primum albescere lucem
4.587. vidit, et aequatis classem procedere velis,
4.588. litoraque et vacuos sensit sine remige portus,
4.589. terque quaterque manu pectus percussa decorum,
4.590. flaventesque abscissa comas, Pro Iuppiter, ibit
4.591. hic ait et nostris inluserit advena regnis?
4.592. Non arma expedient, totaque ex urbe sequentur,
4.593. deripientque rates alii navalibus? Ite,
4.59
4. ferte citi flammas, date vela, impellite remos!—
4.595. Quid loquor, aut ubi sum? Quae mentem insania mutat?
4.596. Infelix Dido, nunc te facta impia tangunt.
4.597. Tum decuit, cum sceptra dabas.—En dextra fidesque,
4.598. quem secum patrios aiunt portare Penates,
4.599. quem subiisse umeris confectum aetate parentem!
4.600. Non potui abreptum divellere corpus, et undis
4.601. spargere? Non socios, non ipsum absumere ferro
4.602. Ascanium, patriisque epulandum ponere mensis?—
4.603. Verum anceps pugnae fuerat fortuna:—fuisset.
4.60
4. Quem metui moritura? Faces in castra tulissem,
4.605. implessemque foros flammis, natumque patremque
4.606. cum genere extinxem, memet super ipsa dedissem.
4.607. Sol, qui terrarum flammis opera omnia lustras,
4.608. tuque harum interpres curarum et conscia Iuno,
4.609. nocturnisque Hecate triviis ululata per urbes,
4.610. et Dirae ultrices, et di morientis Elissae,
4.611. accipite haec, meritumque malis advertite numen,
4.612. et nostras audite preces. Si tangere portus
4.61
4. et sic fata Iovis poscunt, hic terminus haeret:
4.615. at bello audacis populi vexatus et armis,
4.616. finibus extorris, complexu avulsus Iuli,
4.617. auxilium imploret, videatque indigna suorum
4.618. funera; nec, cum se sub leges pacis iniquae
4.619. tradiderit, regno aut optata luce fruatur,
4.620. sed cadat ante diem, mediaque inhumatus harena.
4.621. Haec precor, hanc vocem extremam cum sanguine fundo.
4.622. Tum vos, o Tyrii, stirpem et genus omne futurum
4.623. exercete odiis, cinerique haec mittite nostro
4.62
4. munera. Nullus amor populis, nec foedera sunto.
4.625. Exoriare aliquis nostris ex ossibus ultor,
4.626. qui face Dardanios ferroque sequare colonos,
4.627. nunc, olim, quocumque dabunt se tempore vires.
4.628. Litora litoribus contraria, fluctibus undas
4.629. imprecor, arma armis; pugnent ipsique nepotesque.
4.639. perficere est animus, finemque imponere curis,
4.6
48. Hic, postquam Iliacas vestes notumque cubile
4.6
49. conspexit, paulum lacrimis et mente morata,
4.650. incubuitque toro, dixitque novissima verba:
4.651. Dulces exuviae, dum fata deusque sinebant,
4.652. accipite hanc animam, meque his exsolvite curis.
4.653. Vixi, et, quem dederat cursum fortuna, peregi,
4.65
4. et nunc magna mei sub terras ibit imago.
4.655. Urbem praeclaram statui; mea moenia vidi;
4.656. ulta virum, poenas inimico a fratre recepi;
4.657. felix, heu nimium felix, si litora tantum
4.658. numquam Dardaniae tetigissent nostra carinae!
4.659. Dixit, et, os impressa toro, Moriemur inultae,
4.660. sed moriamur ait. Sic, sic iuvat ire sub umbras:
4.661. Hauriat hunc oculis ignem crudelis ab alto
4.662. Dardanus, et nostrae secum ferat omina mortis.
4.667. Lamentis gemituque et femineo ululatu
4.677. Quid primum deserta querar? Comitemne sororem
4.685. ore legam. Sic fata, gradus evaserat altos,
4.693. Tum Iuno omnipotens, longum miserata dolorem
4.69
4. difficilisque obitus, Irim demisit Olympo,
4.695. quae luctantem animam nexosque resolveret artus.
4.696. Nam quia nec fato, merita nec morte peribat,
4.697. sed misera ante diem, subitoque accensa furore,
4.698. nondum illi flavum Proserpina vertice crinem
4.700. Ergo Iris croceis per caelum roscida pennis,
4.701. mille trahens varios adverso sole colores,
4.702. devolat, et supra caput adstitit: Hunc ego Diti
4.703. sacrum iussa fero, teque isto corpore solvo.
4.70
4. Sic ait, et dextra crinem secat: omnis et una
4.705. dilapsus calor, atque in ventos vita recessit.485. Protinus Aeneas celeri certare sagitta 5.
486. invitat qui forte velint, et praemia ponit, 5.
487. ingentique manu malum de nave Seresti 5.
488. erigit, et volucrem traiecto in fune columbam, 5.
489. quo tendant ferrum, malo suspendit ab alto. 5.
490. Convenere viri, deiectamque aerea sortem 5.
491. accepit galea; et primus clamore secundo 5.
492. Hyrtacidae ante omnes exit locus Hippocoöntis; 5.
493. quem modo navali Mnestheus certamine victor 5.
49
4. consequitur, viridi Mnestheus evinctus oliva. 5.
495. Tertius Eurytion, tuus, o clarissime, frater, 5.
496. Pandare, qui quondam, iussus confundere foedus, 5.
497. in medios telum torsisti primus Achivos. 5.
498. Extremus galeaque ima subsedit Acestes, 5.
499. ausus et ipse manu iuvenum temptare laborem.
5.500. Tum validis flexos incurvant viribus arcus
5.501. pro se quisque viri, et depromunt tela pharetris.
5.502. Primaque per caelum, nervo stridente, sagitta
5.503. Hyrtacidae iuvenis volucres diverberat auras; 5.50
4. et venit, adversique infigitur arbore mali.
5.505. Intremuit malus, timuitque exterrita pennis
5.506. ales, et ingenti sonuerunt omnia plausu.
5.507. Post acer Mnestheus adducto constitit arcu,
5.508. alta petens, pariterque oculos telumque tetendit.
5.509. Ast ipsam miserandus avem contingere ferro
5.510. non valuit: nodos et vincula linea rupit,
5.511. quis innexa pedem malo pendebat ab alto:
5.512. illa notos atque alta volans in nubila fugit.
5.513. Tum rapidus, iamdudum arcu contenta parato 5.51
4. tela tenens, fratrem Eurytion in Pota vocavit,
5.515. iam vacuo laetam caelo speculatus, et alis
5.516. plaudentem nigra figit sub nube columbam.
5.517. Decidit exanimis, vitamque reliquit in astris
5.518. aetheriis, fixamque refert delapsa sagittam.
5.519. Amissa solus palma superabat Acestes;
5.520. qui tamen aerias telum contendit in auras,
5.521. ostentans artemque pater arcumque sotem.
5.522. Hic oculis subito obicitur magnoque futurum
5.523. augurio monstrum; docuit post exitus ingens, 5.52
4. seraque terrifici cecinerunt omina vates.
5.525. Namque volans liquidis in nubibus arsit harundo,
5.526. signavitque viam flammis, tenuisque recessit
5.527. consumpta in ventos, caelo ceu saepe refixa
5.528. transcurrunt crinemque volantia sidera ducunt.
5.529. Attonitis haesere animis, superosque precati
5.530. Trinacrii Teucrique viri; nec maximus omen
5.531. abnuit Aeneas; sed laetum amplexus Acesten
5.532. muneribus cumulat magnis, ac talia fatur:
5.533. Sume, pater; nam te voluit rex magnus Olympi 5.53
4. talibus auspiciis exsortem ducere honores.
5.535. Ipsius Anchisae longaevi hoc munus habebis,
5.536. cratera impressum signis, quem Thracius olim
5.537. Anchisae genitori in magno munere Cisseus
5.538. ferre sui dederat monumentum et pignus amoris.
5.539. Sic fatus cingit viridanti tempora lauro, 5.5
40. et primum ante omnes victorem appellat Acesten. 5.5
41. Nec bonus Eurytion praelato invidit honori, 5.5
42. quamvis solus avem caelo deiecit ab alto.
5.628. sideraque emensae ferimur, dum per mare magnum
5.636. Nam mihi Cassandrae per somnum vatis imago
5.637. ardentes dare visa faces: Hic quaerite Troiam;
5.638. hic domus est inquit vobis. Iam tempus agi res,
6.18. Redditus his primum terris, tibi, Phoebe, sacravit
6.20. In foribus letum Androgeo: tum pendere poenas
6.21. Cecropidae iussi—miserum!—septena quotannis
6.22. corpora natorum; stat ductis sortibus urna.
6.23. Contra elata mari respondet Gnosia tellus: 6.2
4. hic crudelis amor tauri, suppostaque furto
6.25. Pasiphaë, mixtumque genus prolesque biformis
6.26. Minotaurus inest, Veneris monumenta nefandae;
6.27. hic labor ille domus et inextricabilis error;
6.28. magnum reginae sed enim miseratus amorem
6.29. Daedalus ipse dolos tecti ambagesque resolvit,
6.30. caeca regens filo vestigia. Tu quoque magnam
6.31. partem opere in tanto, sineret dolor, Icare, haberes.
6.32. Bis conatus erat casus effingere in auro;
6.33. bis patriae cecidere manus. Quin protinus omnia 6.
49. et rabie fera corda tument; maiorque videri, 6.
4
40. Nec procul hinc partem fusi monstrantur in omnem 6.
4
41. lugentes campi: sic illos nomine dicunt. 6.
4
42. Hic, quos durus amor crudeli tabe peredit, 6.
4
43. secreti celant calles et myrtea circum 6.
4
4
4. silva tegit; curae non ipsa in morte relinquunt. 6.
4
45. His Phaedram Procrimque locis, maestamque Eriphylen 6.
4
46. crudelis nati monstrantem volnera, cernit, 6.
4
47. Evadnenque et Pasiphaën; his Laodamia 6.
4
48. it comes, et iuvenis quondam, nunc femina, Caeneus, 6.
4
49. rursus et in veterem fato revoluta figuram. 6.
450. Inter quas Phoenissa recens a volnere Dido 6.
451. errabat silva in magna; quam Troius heros 6.
456. Infelix Dido, verus mihi nuntius ergo 6.
460. invitus, regina, tuo de litore cessi. 6.
465. Siste gradum, teque aspectu ne subtrahe nostro. 6.
469. Illa solo fixos oculos aversa tenebat, 6.
470. nec magis incepto voltum sermone movetur, 6.
47
4. respondet curis aequatque Sychaeus amorem. 6.
475. Nec minus Aeneas, casu concussus iniquo,
6.520. Tum me, confectum curis somnoque gravatum,
6.521. infelix habuit thalamus, pressitque iacentem
6.522. dulcis et alta quies placidaeque simillima morti.
6.650. Ilusque Assaracusque et Troiae Dardanus auctor.
6.651. Arma procul currusque virum miratur ies.
6.652. Stant terra defixae hastae, passimque soluti
6.653. per campum pascuntur equi. Quae gratia currum 6.65
4. armorumque fuit vivis, quae cura nitentis
6.655. pascere equos, eadem sequitur tellure repostos.
6.656. Conspicit, ecce, alios dextra laevaque per herbam
6.657. vescentis, laetumque choro paeana canentis
6.658. inter odoratum lauri nemus, unde superne
6.659. plurimus Eridani per silvam volvitur amnis.
6.660. Hic manus ob patriam pugdo volnera passi,
6.661. quique sacerdotes casti, dum vita manebat,
6.662. quique pii vates et Phoebo digna locuti,
6.663. inventas aut qui vitam excoluere per artes, 6.66
4. quique sui memores alios fecere merendo,
6.665. omnibus his nivea cinguntur tempora vitta.
6.666. Quos circumfusos sic est adfata Sybilla,
6.667. Musaeum ante omnes, medium nam plurima turba
6.668. hunc habet, atque umeris exstantem suspicit altis:
6.669. Dicite, felices animae, tuque, optime vates,
6.670. quae regio Anchisen, quis habet locus? Illius ergo
6.671. venimus, et magnos Erebi transnavimus amnes.
6.672. Atque huic responsum paucis ita reddidit heros:
6.673. Nulli certa domus; lucis habitamus opacis, 6.67
4. riparumque toros et prata recentia rivis
6.675. incolimus. Sed vos, si fert ita corde voluntas,
6.676. hoc superate iugum; et facili iam tramite sistam. 6.7
49. Lethaeum ad fluvium deus evocat agmine magno,
6.756. Nunc age, Dardaniam prolem quae deinde sequatur
6.757. gloria, qui maneant Itala de gente nepotes,
6.758. inlustris animas nostrumque in nomen ituras,
6.759. expediam dictis, et te tua fata docebo.
6.760. Ille, vides, pura iuvenis qui nititur hasta,
6.761. proxuma sorte tenet lucis loca, primus ad auras
6.762. aetherias Italo commixtus sanguine surget,
6.763. silvius, Albanum nomen, tua postuma proles, 6.76
4. quem tibi longaevo serum Lavinia coniunx
6.765. educet silvis regem regumque parentem,
6.766. unde genus Longa nostrum dominabitur Alba.
6.767. Proxumus ille Procas, Troianae gloria gentis,
6.768. et Capys, et Numitor, et qui te nomine reddet
6.769. Silvius Aeneas, pariter pietate vel armis
6.770. egregius, si umquam regdam acceperit Albam.
6.771. Qui iuvenes! Quantas ostentant, aspice, vires,
6.772. atque umbrata gerunt civili tempora quercu!
6.773. Hi tibi Nomentum et Gabios urbemque Fidenam, 6.77
4. hi Collatinas imponent montibus arces,
6.775. Pometios Castrumque Inui Bolamque Coramque.
6.776. Haec tum nomina erunt, nunc sunt sine nomine terrae.
6.777. Quin et avo comitem sese Mavortius addet
6.778. Romulus, Assaraci quem sanguinis Ilia mater
6.779. educet. Viden, ut geminae stant vertice cristae,
6.780. et pater ipse suo superum iam signat honore?
6.781. En, huius, nate, auspiciis illa incluta Roma
6.782. imperium terris, animos aequabit Olympo,
6.783. septemque una sibi muro circumdabit arces, 6.78
4. felix prole virum: qualis Berecyntia mater
6.785. invehitur curru Phrygias turrita per urbes,
6.786. laeta deum partu, centum complexa nepotes,
6.787. omnes caelicolas, omnes supera alta tenentes.
6.788. Huc geminas nunc flecte acies, hanc aspice gentem
6.789. Romanosque tuos. Hic Caesar et omnis Iuli
6.790. progenies magnum caeli ventura sub axem.
6.791. Hic vir, hic est, tibi quem promitti saepius audis,
6.792. Augustus Caesar, Divi genus, aurea condet
6.793. saecula qui rursus Latio regnata per arva 6.79
4. Saturno quondam, super et Garamantas et Indos
6.795. proferet imperium: iacet extra sidera tellus,
6.796. extra anni solisque vias, ubi caelifer Atlas
6.797. axem umero torquet stellis ardentibus aptum.
6.798. Huius in adventum iam nunc et Caspia regna
6.799. responsis horrent divom et Maeotia tellus,
6.800. et septemgemini turbant trepida ostia Nili.
6.801. Nec vero Alcides tantum telluris obivit,
6.802. fixerit aeripedem cervam licet, aut Erymanthi
6.803. pacarit nemora, et Lernam tremefecerit arcu; 6.80
4. nec, qui pampineis victor iuga flectit habenis,
6.805. Liber, agens celso Nysae de vertice tigres.
6.806. Et dubitamus adhuc virtute extendere vires,
6.807. aut metus Ausonia prohibet consistere terra?
6.809. sacra ferens? Nosco crines incanaque menta
6.810. regis Romani, primus qui legibus urbem
6.811. fundabit, Curibus parvis et paupere terra
6.812. missus in imperium magnum. Cui deinde subibit,
6.813. otia qui rumpet patriae residesque movebit 6.81
4. Tullus in arma viros et iam desueta triumphis
6.815. agmina. Quem iuxta sequitur iactantior Ancus,
6.816. nunc quoque iam nimium gaudens popularibus auris.
6.817. Vis et Tarquinios reges, animamque superbam
6.818. ultoris Bruti, fascesque videre receptos?
6.820. accipiet, natosque pater nova bella moventes
6.821. ad poenam pulchra pro libertate vocabit.
6.822. Infelix, utcumque ferent ea facta minores,
6.823. vincet amor patriae laudumque immensa cupido. 6.82
4. Quin Decios Drusosque procul saevumque securi
6.825. aspice Torquatum et referentem signa Camillum.
6.826. Illae autem, paribus quas fulgere cernis in armis,
6.827. concordes animae nunc et dum nocte premuntur,
6.828. heu quantum inter se bellum, si lumina vitae
6.829. attigerint, quantas acies stragemque ciebunt!
6.830. Aggeribus socer Alpinis atque arce Monoeci
6.831. descendens, gener adversis instructus Eois.
6.832. Ne, pueri, ne tanta animis adsuescite bella,
6.833. neu patriae validas in viscera vertite vires; 6.83
4. tuque prior, tu parce, genus qui ducis Olympo,
6.835. proice tela manu, sanguis meus!—
6.836. Ille triumphata Capitolia ad alta Corintho
6.837. victor aget currum, caesis insignis Achivis.
6.838. Eruet ille Argos Agamemnoniasque Mycenas,
6.839. ipsumque Aeaciden, genus armipotentis Achilli, 6.8
40. ultus avos Troiae, templa et temerata Minervae. 6.8
41. Quis te, magne Cato, tacitum, aut te, Cosse, relinquat? 6.8
42. Quis Gracchi genus, aut geminos, duo fulmina belli, 6.8
43. Scipiadas, cladem Libyae, parvoque potentem 6.8
4
4. Fabricium vel te sulco Serrane, serentem? 6.8
45. quo fessum rapitis, Fabii? Tu Maxumus ille es, 6.8
46. unus qui nobis cunctando restituis rem. 6.8
47. Excudent alii spirantia mollius aera, 6.8
48. credo equidem, vivos ducent de marmore voltus, 6.8
49. orabunt causas melius, caelique meatus
6.850. describent radio, et surgentia sidera dicent:
6.851. tu regere imperio populos, Romane, memento;
6.852. hae tibi erunt artes; pacisque imponere morem,
6.853. parcere subiectis, et debellare superbos. 6.85
4. Sic pater Anchises, atque haec mirantibus addit:
6.855. Aspice, ut insignis spoliis Marcellus opimis
6.856. ingreditur, victorque viros supereminet omnes!
6.857. Hic rem Romanam, magno turbante tumultu,
6.858. sistet, eques sternet Poenos Gallumque rebellem,
6.859. tertiaque arma patri suspendet capta Quirino.
6.860. Atque hic Aeneas; una namque ire videbat
6.861. egregium forma iuvenem et fulgentibus armis,
6.862. sed frons laeta parum, et deiecto lumina voltu:
6.863. Quis, pater, ille, virum qui sic comitatur euntem? 6.86
4. Filius, anne aliquis magna de stirpe nepotum?
6.865. Quis strepitus circa comitum! Quantum instar in ipso!
6.866. Sed nox atra caput tristi circumvolat umbra.
6.867. Tum pater Anchises, lacrimis ingressus obortis:
6.868. O gnate, ingentem luctum ne quaere tuorum;
6.869. ostendent terris hunc tantum fata, neque ultra
6.870. esse sinent. Nimium vobis Romana propago
6.871. visa potens, Superi, propria haec si dona fuissent.
6.872. Quantos ille virum magnam Mavortis ad urbem
6.873. campus aget gemitus, vel quae, Tiberine, videbis 6.87
4. funera, cum tumulum praeterlabere recentem!
6.875. Nec puer Iliaca quisquam de gente Latinos
6.876. in tantum spe tollet avos, nec Romula quondam
6.877. ullo se tantum tellus iactabit alumno.
6.878. Heu pietas, heu prisca fides, invictaque bello
6.879. dextera! Non illi se quisquam impune tulisset
6.880. obvius armato, seu cum pedes iret in hostem,
6.881. seu spumantis equi foderet calcaribus armos.
6.882. Heu, miserande puer, si qua fata aspera rumpas,
6.883. tu Marcellus eris. Manibus date lilia plenis, 6.88
4. purpureos spargam flores, animamque nepotis
6.885. his saltem adcumulem donis, et fungar ii
6.886. munere—Sic tota passim regione vagantur
6.887. aëris in campis latis, atque omnia lustrant.
6.888. Quae postquam Anchises natum per singula duxit,
6.889. incenditque animum famae venientis amore,
6.890. exin bella viro memorat quae deinde gerenda,
6.891. Laurentisque docet populos urbemque Latini,
6.892. et quo quemque modo fugiatque feratque laborem.
7.362. perfidus alta petens abducta virgine praedo? 7.6
47. Primus init bellum Tyrrhenis asper ab oris 7.6
48. contemptor divom Mezentius agminaque armat. 7.6
49. Filius huic iuxta Lausus, quo pulchrior alter
7.650. non fuit excepto Laurentis corpore Turni,
7.651. Lausus, equum domitor debellatorque ferarum,
7.652. ducit Agyllina nequiquam ex urbe secutos
7.653. mille viros, dignus, patriis qui laetior esset 7.65
4. imperiis et cui pater haud Mezentius esset.
7.689. tegmen habent capiti, vestigia nuda sinistri
7.690. instituere pedis, crudus tegit altera pero. 8.3
42. Hinc lucum ingentem quem Romulus acer Asylum 8.3
43. rettulit et gelida monstrat sub rupe Lupercal, 8.6
43. distulerant, at tu dictis, Albane, maneres,
8.671. Haec inter tumidi late maris ibat imago
8.678. Hinc Augustus agens Italos in proelia Caesar
8.679. cum patribus populoque, penatibus et magnis dis,
8.680. stans celsa in puppi; geminas cui tempora flammas
8.681. laeta vomunt patriumque aperitur vertice sidus.
8.682. Parte alia ventis et dis Agrippa secundis
8.683. arduus agmen agens; cui, belli insigne superbum, 8.68
4. tempora navali fulgent rostrata corona.
8.685. Hinc ope barbarica variisque Antonius armis,
8.686. victor ab Aurorae populis et litore rubro,
8.687. Aegyptum viresque Orientis et ultima secum
8.688. Bactra vehit, sequiturque (nefas) Aegyptia coniunx.
8.689. Una omnes ruere, ac totum spumare reductis
8.690. convolsum remis rostrisque tridentibus aequor.
8.691. alta petunt: pelago credas innare revolsas
8.692. Cycladas aut montis concurrere montibus altos,
8.693. tanta mole viri turritis puppibus instant. 8.69
4. stuppea flamma manu telisque volatile ferrum
8.695. spargitur, arva nova Neptunia caede rubescunt.
8.696. Regina in mediis patrio vocat agmina sistro
8.697. necdum etiam geminos a tergo respicit anguis.
8.698. omnigenumque deum monstra et latrator Anubis
8.699. contra Neptunum et Venerem contraque Minervam
8.700. tela tenent. Saevit medio in certamine Mavors
8.701. caelatus ferro tristesque ex aethere Dirae,
8.702. et scissa gaudens vadit Discordia palla,
8.703. quam cum sanguineo sequitur Bellona flagello. 8.70
4. Actius haec cernens arcum tendebat Apollo
8.705. desuper: omnis eo terrore Aegyptus et Indi,
8.706. omnis Arabs, omnes vertebant terga Sabaei.
8.707. Ipsa videbatur ventis regina vocatis
8.708. vela dare et laxos iam iamque inmittere funis.
8.709. Illam inter caedes pallentem morte futura
8.710. fecerat Ignipotens undis et Iapyge ferri,
8.711. contra autem magno maerentem corpore Nilum
8.712. pandentemque sinus et tota veste vocantem
8.713. caeruleum in gremium latebrosaque flumina victos. 8.71
4. At Caesar, triplici invectus Romana triumpho
8.715. moenia, dis Italis votum inmortale sacrabat,
8.716. maxuma tercentum totam delubra per urbem.
8.717. Laetitia ludisque viae plausuque fremebant;
8.718. omnibus in templis matrum chorus, omnibus arae;
8.719. ante aras terram caesi stravere iuvenci.
8.720. Ipse, sedens niveo candentis limine Phoebi,
8.721. dona recognoscit populorum aptatque superbis
8.722. postibus; incedunt victae longo ordine gentes,
8.723. quam variae linguis, habitu tam vestis et armis.
8.725. hic Lelegas Carasque sagittiferosque Gelonos
8.726. finxerat; Euphrates ibat iam mollior undis,
8.727. extremique hominum Morini, Rhenusque bicornis,
8.728. indomitique Dahae, et pontem indignatus Araxes. 9.
435. purpureus veluti cum flos succisus aratro 9.
436. languescit moriens lassove papavera collo 9.
437. demisere caput, pluvia cum forte gravantur.
9.576. Privernum Capys. Hunc primo levis hasta Themillae 9.7
41. Incipe, siqua animo virtus, et consere dextram:' 10.1
43. Adfuit et Mnestheus, quem pulsi pristina Turni 10.1
4
4. aggere moerorum sublimem gloria tollit, 10.1
45. et Capys: hinc nomen Campanae ducitur urbi.
10.270. Ardet apex capiti cristisque a vertice flamma
10.271. funditur et vastos umbo vomit aureus ignes:
10.272. non secus ac liquida siquando nocte cometae
10.273. sanguinei lugubre rubent aut Sirius ardor, 10.27
4. ille sitim morbosque ferens mortalibus aegris,
10.275. nascitur et laevo contristat lumine caelum.
10.276. Haud tamen audaci Turno fiducia cessit
10.277. litora praecipere et venientis pellere terra. 1
2.6
4. Accepit vocem lacrimis Lavinia matris 1
2.65. flagrantis perfusa genas, quoi plurimus ignem 1
2.66. subiecit rubor et calefacta per ora cucurrit. 1
2.67. Indum sanguineo veluti violaverit ostro 1
2.68. siquis ebur, aut mixta rubent ubi lilia multa 1
2.69. alba rosa: talis virgo dabat ore colores. 12.
435. Disce, puer, virtutem ex me verumque laborem, 12.
436. fortunam ex aliis. Nunc te mea dextera bello 12.
437. defensum dabit et magna inter praemia ducet. 12.
438. Tu facito, mox cum matura adoleverit aetas, 12.
439. sis memor, et te animo repetentem exempla tuorum 12.
4
40. et pater Aeneas et avunculus excitet Hector. 1
2.605. filia prima manu flavos Lavinia crinis 12.9
46. exuviasque hausit, furiis accensus et ira 12.9
47. terribilis, Tune hinc spoliis indute meorum '. None | 1.1. Arms and the man I sing, who first made way,
1.5. by violence of Heaven, to satisfy
1.12. O Muse, the causes tell! What sacrilege,
1.13. or vengeful sorrow, moved the heavenly Queen
1.1
4. to thrust on dangers dark and endless toil ' "
1.15. a man whose largest honor in men's eyes " "
1.19. made front on Italy and on the mouths ' "
1.20. of Tiber 's stream; its wealth and revenues " '
1.30. hould utterly o'erwhelm her Tyrian towers, " '
1.31. a people of wide sway and conquest proud
1.32. hould compass Libya 's doom;—such was the web " '
1.35. what long and unavailing strife she waged
1.39. its griefs and wrongs: the choice by Paris made;
1.82. Did he not so, our ocean, earth, and sky
1.87. to hold them in firm sway, or know what time,
1.9
4. now sails the Tuscan main towards Italy,
1.95. bringing their Ilium and its vanquished powers.
1.96. Uprouse thy gales. Strike that proud navy down!
1.162. now o'er the ship of Abas or Aletes, " '
1.183. and bear your king this word! Not unto him
1.192. th' assembled clouds, and brought back light to heaven. " '
1.193. Cymothoe then and Triton, with huge toil,
1.197. out-ebbing far, he calms the whole wide sea,
1.198. and glides light-wheeled along the crested foam.
1.199. As when, with not unwonted tumult, roars ' "
1.200. in some vast city a rebellious mob,
1.201. and base-born passions in its bosom burn,
1.202. till rocks and blazing torches fill the air
1.203. (rage never lacks for arms)—if haply then
1.20
4. ome wise man comes, whose reverend looks attest
1.205. a life to duty given, swift silence falls;
1.206. all ears are turned attentive; and he sways ' "
1.207. with clear and soothing speech the people's will. " '
1.227. of unhewn stone, a place the wood-nymphs love.
1.228. In such a port, a weary ship rides free
1.279. Such was his word, but vexed with grief and care, ' "
1.292. 'twixt hopes and fears divided; for who knows " "
1.302. and nations populous from shore to shore,
1.303. paused on the peak of heaven, and fixed his gaze
1.315. that hence the Romans when the rolling years ' "
1.332. and whelms with voiceful wave the fields below.
1.333. He built Patavium there, and fixed abodes
1.335. to a new land and race; the Trojan arms
1.336. were hung on temple walls; and, to this day,
1.337. lying in perfect peace, the hero sleeps.
1.338. But we of thine own seed, to whom thou dost
1.339. a station in the arch of heaven assign,
1.3
40. behold our navy vilely wrecked, because
1.3
41. a single god is angry; we endure
1.3
42. this treachery and violence, whereby ' "
1.3
43. wide seas divide us from th' Hesperian shore. " '
1.3
4
4. Is this what piety receives? Or thus
1.3
46. Smiling reply, the Sire of gods and men,
1.3
47. with such a look as clears the skies of storm
1.3
48. chastely his daughter kissed, and thus spake on:
1.3
49. “Let Cytherea cast her fears away!
1.350. Irrevocably blest the fortunes be
1.351. of thee and thine. Nor shalt thou fail to see
1.352. that City, and the proud predestined wall
1.353. encompassing Lavinium . Thyself
1.35
4. hall starward to the heights of heaven bear
1.355. Aeneas the great-hearted. Nothing swerves
1.356. my will once uttered. Since such carking cares
1.357. consume thee, I this hour speak freely forth,
1.358. and leaf by leaf the book of fate unfold.
1.359. Thy son in Italy shall wage vast war
1.360. and, quell its nations wild; his city-wall
1.361. and sacred laws shall be a mighty bond
1.362. about his gathered people. Summers three
1.363. hall Latium call him king; and three times pass ' "
1.36
4. the winter o'er Rutulia's vanquished hills. " '
1.365. His heir, Ascanius, now Iulus called ' "
1.366. (Ilus it was while Ilium 's kingdom stood), " '
1.367. full thirty months shall reign, then move the throne
1.368. from the Lavinian citadel, and build ' "
1.370. Here three full centuries shall Hector's race " '
1.371. have kingly power; till a priestess queen,
1.38
4. Such my decree! In lapse of seasons due, ' "
1.385. the heirs of Ilium 's kings shall bind in chains " '
1.
418. his many cares, when first the cheerful dawn
1.
419. upon him broke, resolved to take survey
1.
420. of this strange country whither wind and wave
1.
421. had driven him,—for desert land it seemed,—
1.
422. to learn what tribes of man or beast possess
1.
423. a place so wild, and careful tidings bring
1.
42
4. back to his friends. His fleet of ships the while, ' "
1.
425. where dense, dark groves o'er-arch a hollowed crag, " '
1.
426. he left encircled in far-branching shade.
1.
427. Then with no followers save his trusty friend
1.
428. Achates, he went forth upon his way,
1.
429. two broad-tipped javelins poising in his hand.
1.
430. Deep to the midmost wood he went, and there
1.
431. his Mother in his path uprose; she seemed
1.
432. in garb and countece a maid, and bore,
1.
433. like Spartan maids, a weapon; in such guise
1.
43
4. Harpalyce the Thracian urges on
1.
435. her panting coursers and in wild career
1.
436. outstrips impetuous Hebrus as it flows.
1.
437. Over her lovely shoulders was a bow,
1.
450. has crossed my path, thou maid without a name!
1.
451. Thy beauty seems not of terrestrial mould,
1.
452. nor is thy music mortal! Tell me, goddess, ' "
1.
453. art thou bright Phoebus' sister? Or some nymph, " "
1.
45
4. the daughter of a god? Whate'er thou art, " '
1.
455. thy favor we implore, and potent aid
1.
456. in our vast toil. Instruct us of what skies, ' "
1.
457. or what world's end, our storm-swept lives have found! " '
1.
458. Strange are these lands and people where we rove,
1.
459. compelled by wind and wave. Lo, this right hand
1.
461. Then Venus: “Nay, I boast not to receive
1.
462. honors divine. We Tyrian virgins oft
1.
463. bear bow and quiver, and our ankles white
1.
46
4. lace up in purple buskin. Yonder lies
1.
465. the Punic power, where Tyrian masters hold ' "
1.
466. Agenor's town; but on its borders dwell " '
1.
467. the Libyans, by battles unsubdued.
1.
468. Upon the throne is Dido, exiled there ' "
1.
469. from Tyre, to flee th' unnatural enmity " "
1.
470. of her own brother. 'T was an ancient wrong; " '
1.
471. too Iong the dark and tangled tale would be;
1.
472. I trace the larger outline of her story:
1.
473. Sichreus was her spouse, whose acres broad
1.
47
4. no Tyrian lord could match, and he was-blessed ' "
1.
475. by his ill-fated lady's fondest love, " '
1.
476. whose father gave him her first virgin bloom
1.
477. in youthful marriage. But the kingly power
1.
478. among the Tyrians to her brother came,
1.
479. Pygmalion, none deeper dyed in crime
1.
480. in all that land. Betwixt these twain there rose
1.
481. a deadly hatred,—and the impious wretch,
1.
482. blinded by greed, and reckless utterly ' "
1.
483. of his fond sister's joy, did murder foul " '
1.
48
4. upon defenceless and unarmed Sichaeus,
1.
485. and at the very altar hewed him down.
1.
486. Long did he hide the deed, and guilefully
1.
487. deceived with false hopes, and empty words,
1.
488. her grief and stricken love. But as she slept, ' "
1.
489. her husband's tombless ghost before her came, " '
1.
490. with face all wondrous pale, and he laid bare
1.
491. his heart with dagger pierced, disclosing so
1.
492. the blood-stained altar and the infamy
1.
493. that darkened now their house. His counsel was
1.
498. Dido, assembling her few trusted friends,
1.
499. prepared her flight. There rallied to her cause
1.500. all who did hate and scorn the tyrant king,
1.501. or feared his cruelty. They seized his ships,
1.502. which haply rode at anchor in the bay,
1.503. and loaded them with gold; the hoarded wealth
1.50
4. of vile and covetous Pygmalion
1.539. But Venus could not let him longer plain, ' "
1.573. toward the city's rampart. Venus then " '
1.590. a wall or citadel, from far below
1.591. lifting the ponderous stone; or with due care
1.592. choose where to build, and close the space around
1.613. veiled in the wonder-cloud, whence all unseen
1.621. their boast might be wealth, luxury and war. ' "
1.628. which calmed Aeneas' fears, and made him bold " '
1.629. to hope for safety, and with lifted heart
1.630. from his low-fallen fortunes re-aspire. ' "
1.657. in night's first watch burst o'er them unawares " "
1.661. on Trojan corn or Xanthus ' cooling stream. " '
1.686. Penthesilea led; her martial eye
1.688. beneath one bare, protruded breast she bound—
1.711. the people heard, and took what lot or toil
1.712. her sentence, or impartial urn, assigned.
1.713. But, lo! Aeneas sees among the throng
1.71
4. Antheus, Sergestus, and Cloanthus bold,
1.717. Struck dumb was he, and good Achates too,
1.722. forth-peering from the hollow veil of cloud,
1.725. had brought them hither; for a chosen few
1.726. from every ship had come to sue for grace,
1.728. The doors swung wide; and after access given
1.729. and leave to speak, revered Ilioneus
1.730. with soul serene these lowly words essayed:
1.731. “O Queen, who hast authority of Jove
1.732. to found this rising city, and subdue
1.733. with righteous goverce its people proud,
1.73
4. we wretched Trojans, blown from sea to sea,
1.7
40. uch haughty violence fits not the souls
1.7
41. of vanquished men. We journey to a land
1.7
42. named, in Greek syllables, Hesperia :
1.7
43. a storied realm, made mighty by great wars
1.7
4
4. and wealth of fruitful land; in former days ' "
1.7
45. Oenotrians had it, and their sons, 't is said, " "
1.7
46. have called it Italy, a chieftain's name " '
1.7
47. to a whole region given. Thitherward
1.7
48. our ships did fare; but with swift-rising flood ' "
1.7
49. the stormful season of Orion's star " '
1.750. drove us on viewless shoals; and angry gales
1.751. dispersed us, smitten by the tumbling surge,
1.752. among innavigable rocks. Behold,
1.753. we few swam hither, waifs upon your shore!
1.75
4. What race of mortals this? What barbarous land,
1.755. that with inhospitable laws ye thrust
1.756. a stranger from your coasts, and fly to arms,
2.6. how Asia 's glory and afflicted throne " '
2.10. or Myrmidon, or gory follower
2.35. threw off her grief inveterate; all her gates
2.36. wung wide; exultant went we forth, and saw
2.37. the Dorian camp unteted, the siege
2.38. abandoned, and the shore without a keel.
2.39. “Here!” cried we, “the Dolopian pitched; the host
2.5
4. Then from the citadel, conspicuous,
2.55. Laocoon, with all his following choir,
2.56. hurried indigt down; and from afar
2.5
47. while in close mass our troop behind him poured.
2.5
48. But, at this point, the overwhelming spears
2.5
49. of our own kinsmen rained resistless down
2.550. from a high temple-tower; and carnage wild
2.589. There we beheld the war-god unconfined;
2.591. or, with shields tortoise-back, the gates assailed.
2.592. Ladders were on the walls; and round by round,
2.593. up the huge bulwark as they fight their way,
2.59
4. the shielded left-hand thwarts the falling spears,
2.595. the right to every vantage closely clings.
2.596. The Trojans hurl whole towers and roof-tops down
2.597. upon the mounting foe; for well they see ' "
2.603. Thus were our hearts inflamed to stand and strike
2.605. bring succor, and renew their vanquished powers.
2.608. and exit rearward; hither, in the days
2.609. before our fall, the lone Andromache ' "
2.611. in quest of Priam and her husband's kin. " '
2.612. This way to climb the palace roof I flew,
2.613. where, desperate, the Trojans with vain skill
2.61
4. hurled forth repellent arms. A tower was there,
2.615. reared skyward from the roof-top, giving view ' "
2.616. of Troy 's wide walls and full reconnaissance " "
2.617. of all Achaea 's fleets and tented field; " '
2.622. It fell with instantaneous crash of thunder
2.623. along the Danaan host in ruin wide.
3.303. the Strophades, where dread Celaeno bides,
3.30
4. with other Harpies, who had quit the halls
3.305. of stricken Phineus, and for very fear
3.717. with hand at ear he caught each airy gust
4.2. of love; and out of every pulsing vein
4.12. of her dear sister spoke the stricken Queen:
4.13. “Anna, my sister, what disturbing dreams
4.1
4. perplex me and alarm? What guest is this
4.22. O, were it not immutably resolved
4.2
4. I would be wed again (since my first love
4.25. left me by death abandoned and betrayed);
4.26. loathed I not so the marriage torch and train,
4.27. I could—who knows?—to this one weakness yield. ' "
4.38. before, O Chastity! I shall offend ' "
4.66. and what imperial city shall be thine,
4.67. if thus espoused! With Trojan arms allied
4.77. a doubting mind with hope, and bade the blush
4.78. of shame begone. First to the shrines they went
4.79. and sued for grace; performing sacrifice,
4.86. and poured it full between the lifted horns
4.87. of the white heifer; or on temple floors
4.88. he strode among the richly laden shrines,
4.89. the eyes of gods upon her, worshipping ' "
4.91. into the victims' cloven sides, she read " '
4.95. to change a frenzied mind? Devouring ever,
4.101. through Cretan forest rashly wandering,
4.105. of Dicte and its woodlands; at her heart
4.110. essays to speak and frembling dies away:
4.113. mad that she is, to hear the Trojan sorrow;
4.11
4. and with oblivious ravishment once more
4.117. bedims its ray, while many a sinking star
4.118. invites to slumber, there she weeps alone
4.12
4. he clasps Ascanius, seeking to deceive
4.125. her unblest passion so. Her enterprise
4.126. of tower and rampart stops: her martial host
4.127. no Ionger she reviews, nor fashions now
4.128. defensive haven and defiant wall;
4.160. a common city with the sons of Tyre,
4.161. with mingling blood and sworn, perpetual peace.
4.162. His wife thou art; it is thy rightful due
4.163. to plead to know his mind. Go, ask him, then!
4.16
4. For humbly I obey!” With instant word
4.165. Juno the Queen replied: “Leave that to me!
4.166. But in what wise our urgent task and grave
4.167. may soon be sped, I will in brief unfold
4.168. to thine attending ear. A royal hunt
4.169. in sylvan shades unhappy Dido gives ' "
4.170. for her Aeneas, when to-morrow's dawn " "
4.171. uplifts its earliest ray and Titan's beam " '
4.172. hall first unveil the world. But I will pour
4.173. black storm-clouds with a burst of heavy hail
4.189. run the keen-scented dogs and Libyan squires.
4.190. The Queen still keeps her chamber; at her doors
4.193. and fiercely champs the foam-flecked bridle-rein.
4.215. of woodland creatures; the wild goats are seen,
4.223. his chase outspeeds; but in his heart he prays
4.22
4. among these tame things suddenly to see
4.225. a tusky boar, or, leaping from the hills,
4.227. Meanwhile low thunders in the distant sky
4.228. mutter confusedly; soon bursts in full
4.229. the storm-cloud and the hail. The Tyrian troop
4.230. is scattered wide; the chivalry of Troy, ' "
4.231. with the young heir of Dardan's kingly line, " '
4.232. of Venus sprung, seek shelter where they may,
4.233. with sudden terror; down the deep ravines
4.23
4. the swollen torrents roar. In that same hour
4.235. Queen Dido and her hero out of Troy
4.236. to the same cavern fly. Old Mother-Earth
4.237. and wedlock-keeping Juno gave the sign;
4.259. a peering eye abides; and, strange to tell,
4.260. an equal number of vociferous tongues,
4.261. foul, whispering lips, and ears, that catch at all. ' "
4.262. At night she spreads midway 'twixt earth and heaven " '
4.263. her pinions in the darkness, hissing loud, ' "
4.26
4. nor e'er to happy slumber gives her eyes: " '
4.265. but with the morn she takes her watchful throne
4.266. high on the housetops or on lofty towers,
4.267. to terrify the nations. She can cling
4.268. to vile invention and maligt wrong,
4.269. or mingle with her word some tidings true.
4.270. She now with changeful story filled men's ears, " '
4.271. exultant, whether false or true she sung:
4.272. how, Trojan-born Aeneas having come,
4.273. Dido, the lovely widow, Iooked his way,
4.27
4. deigning to wed; how all the winter long
4.275. they passed in revel and voluptuous ease, ' "
4.276. to dalliance given o'er; naught heeding now " '
4.277. of crown or kingdom—shameless! lust-enslaved!
4.278. Such tidings broadcast on the lips of men
4.279. the filthy goddess spread; and soon she hied
4.280. to King Iarbas, where her hateful song
4.282. Him the god Ammon got by forced embrace
4.30
4. receiving fertile coastland for her farms,
4.305. by hospitable grant! She dares disdain
4.306. our proffered nuptial vow. She has proclaimed
4.307. Aeneas partner of her bed and throne.
4.308. And now that Paris, with his eunuch crew,
4.31
4. As thus he prayed and to the altars clung, ' "
4.315. th' Omnipotent gave ear, and turned his gaze " '
4.316. upon the royal dwelling, where for love
4.317. the amorous pair forgot their place and name.
4.318. Then thus to Mercury he gave command:
4.320. and take thy winged way! My mandate bear
4.321. unto that prince of Troy who tarries now
4.322. in Tyrian Carthage, heedless utterly
4.323. of empire Heaven-bestowed. On winged winds
4.32
4. hasten with my decrees. Not such the man
4.327. but that he might rule Italy, a land
4.328. pregt with thrones and echoing with war; ' "
4.329. that he of Teucer's seed a race should sire, " '
4.330. and bring beneath its law the whole wide world.
4.333. to his own honor speak not; can the sire
4.33
4. begrudge Ascanius the heritage
4.335. of the proud name of Rome ? What plans he now?
4.336. What mad hope bids him linger in the lap
4.337. of enemies, considering no more ' "
4.338. the land Lavinian and Ausonia's sons. " '
4.339. Let him to sea! Be this our final word:
4.3
41. He spoke. The god a prompt obedience gave ' "
4.3
42. to his great sire's command. He fastened first " '
4.3
43. those sandals of bright gold, which carry him ' "
4.3
4
4. aloft o'er land or sea, with airy wings " '
4.3
47. pale-featured ghosts, or, if he will, consigns
4.3
48. to doleful Tartarus; or by its power
4.3
49. gives slumber or dispels; or quite unseals
4.350. the eyelids of the dead: on this relying, ' "
4.361. the speed of Mercury's well-poising wing; " '
4.365. or round tall crags where rove the swarming fish, ' "
4.366. flies Iow along the waves: o'er-hovering so " '
4.369. parted the winds and skimmed the sandy merge
4.370. of Libya . When first his winged feet
4.376. flowed purple from his shoulder, broidered fair
4.379. “Dost thou for lofty Carthage toil, to build
4.380. foundations strong? Dost thou, a wife's weak thrall, " '
4.382. Forgot thy kingdom and thy task sublime?
4.383. From bright Olympus, I. He who commands
4.38
4. all gods, and by his sovran deity
4.385. moves earth and heaven—he it was who bade
4.386. me bear on winged winds his high decree.
4.387. What plan is thine? By what mad hope dost thou
4.393. Ascanius. It is his rightful due ' "
4.39
4. in Italy o'er Roman lands to reign.” " "
4.395. After such word Cyllene's winged god " "
4.396. vanished, and e'er his accents died away, " '
4.
421. perceived ere it began. Her jealous fear
4.
450. Because of thee yon Libyan savages
4.
451. and nomad chiefs are grown implacable,
4.
452. and my own Tyrians hate me. Yes, for thee
4.
453. my chastity was slain and honor fair,
4.
45
4. by which alone to glory I aspired,
4.
455. in former days. To whom dost thou in death
4.
456. abandon me? my guest!—since but this name
4.
457. is left me of a husband! Shall I wait
4.
458. till fell Pygmalion, my brother, raze
4.
459. my city walls? Or the Gaetulian king,
4.
460. Iarbas, chain me captive to his car? .
4.
461. O, if, ere thou hadst fled, I might but bear
4.
462. ome pledge of love to thee, and in these halls
4.
463. watch some sweet babe Aeneas at his play,
4.
46
4. whose face should be the memory of thine own — ' "
4.
466. She said. But he, obeying Jove's decree, " '
4.
467. gazed steadfastly away; and in his heart
4.
468. with strong repression crushed his cruel pain;
4.
469. then thus the silence broke: “O Queen, not one
4.
470. of my unnumbered debts so strongly urged ' "
4.
471. would I gainsay. Elissa's memory " '
4.
472. will be my treasure Iong as memory holds,
4.
473. or breath of life is mine. Hear my brief plea! ' "
4.
47
4. 'T was not my hope to hide this flight I take, " '
4.
480. of foil and pain, my place would now be found
4.
481. in Troy, among the cherished sepulchres ' "
4.
482. of my own kin, and Priam's mansion proud " '
4.
483. were standing still; or these my loyal hands
4.
48
4. had rebuilt Ilium for her vanquished sons. ' "
4.
485. But now to Italy Apollo's power " '
4.
486. commands me forth; his Lycian oracles
4.
496. looks on me in my dreams with angered brow.
4.
497. I think of my Ascanius, and the wrong
4.50
4. the god within these walls; I have received
4.505. with my own ears his word. No more inflame
4.506. with lamentation fond thy heart and mine.
4.509. peechless this way and that, had listened long
4.518. his stony stare? or did he yield a tear
4.520. Why set my wrongs in order? Juno, now,
4.521. and Jove, the son of Saturn, heed no more
4.529. His Lycian oracles! and sent by Jove
4.530. the messenger of Heaven on fleeting air
4.531. the ruthless bidding brings! Proud business
4.532. for gods, I trow, that such a task disturbs
4.53
4. nor to thy cunning speeches give the lie.
4.535. Begone! Sail on to Italy, thy throne,
4.536. through wind and wave! I pray that, if there be
4.5
40. pursue with vengeful fire. When cold death rends
4.5
41. the body from the breath, my ghost shall sit
4.5
42. forever in thy path. Full penalties
4.5
47. from human eyes, and left Aeneas there
4.550. her maidens to a marble chamber bore
4.552. Aeneas, faithful to a task divine,
4.553. though yearning sore to remedy and soothe
4.55
4. uch misery, and with the timely word
4.555. her grief assuage, and though his burdened heart
4.556. was weak because of love, while many a groan
4.557. rose from his bosom, yet no whit did fail
4.558. to do the will of Heaven, but of his fleet
4.559. resumed command. The Trojans on the shore
4.560. ply well their task and push into the sea
4.561. the lofty ships. Now floats the shining keel,
4.562. and oars they bring all leafy from the grove,
4.563. with oak half-hewn, so hurried was the flight.
4.56
4. Behold them how they haste—from every gate
4.565. forth-streaming!—just as when a heap of corn
4.566. is thronged with ants, who, knowing winter nigh,
4.567. refill their granaries; the long black line ' "
4.568. runs o'er the levels, and conveys the spoil " '
4.569. in narrow pathway through the grass; a part
4.570. with straining and assiduous shoulder push
4.571. the kernels huge; a part array the file,
4.572. and whip the laggards on; their busy track
4.573. warms quick and eager with unceasing toil.
4.57
4. O Dido, how thy suffering heart was wrung,
4.575. that spectacle to see! What sore lament
4.576. was thine, when from the towering citadel
4.577. the whole shore seemed alive, the sea itself
4.578. in turmoil with loud cries! Relentless Love,
4.579. to what mad courses may not mortal hearts
4.580. by thee be driven? Again her sorrow flies
4.581. to doleful plaint and supplication vain;
4.582. again her pride to tyrant Love bows down
4.583. lest, though resolved to die, she fail to prove
4.58
4. each hope of living: “O Anna, dost thou see
4.585. yon busy shore? From every side they come. ' "
4.586. their canvas wooes the winds, and o'er each prow " '
4.587. the merry seamen hang their votive flowers.
4.588. Dear sister, since I did forebode this grief,
4.589. I shall be strong to bear it. One sole boon
4.590. my sorrow asks thee, Anna! Since of thee,
4.591. thee only, did that traitor make a friend,
4.592. and trusted thee with what he hid so deep —
4.593. the feelings of his heart; since thou alone
4.59
4. hast known what way, what hour the man would yield
4.595. to soft persuasion—therefore, sister, haste,
4.596. and humbly thus implore our haughty foe:
4.597. ‘I was not with the Greeks what time they swore
4.598. at Aulis to cut off the seed of Troy ;
4.599. I sent no ships to Ilium . Pray, have I ' "
4.600. profaned Anchises' tomb, or vexed his shade?’ " '
4.601. Why should his ear be deaf and obdurate
4.602. to all I say? What haste? May he not make
4.603. one last poor offering to her whose love
4.60
4. is only pain? O, bid him but delay
4.605. till flight be easy and the winds blow fair.
4.606. I plead no more that bygone marriage-vow
4.607. by him forsworn, nor ask that he should lose
4.608. his beauteous Latium and his realm to be.
4.609. Nothing but time I crave! to give repose
4.610. and more room to this fever, till my fate
4.611. teach a crushed heart to sorrow. I implore ' "
4.612. this last grace. (To thy sister's grief be kind!) " '
4.61
4. Such plaints, such prayers, again and yet again,
4.615. betwixt the twain the sorrowing sister bore.
4.616. But no words move, no lamentations bring
4.617. persuasion to his soul; decrees of Fate
4.618. oppose, and some wise god obstructs the way ' "
4.619. that finds the hero's ear. oft-times around " '
4.620. the aged strength of some stupendous oak
4.621. the rival blasts of wintry Alpine winds
4.622. mite with alternate wrath: Ioud is the roar,
4.623. and from its rocking top the broken boughs
4.62
4. are strewn along the ground; but to the crag
4.625. teadfast it ever clings; far as toward heaven
4.626. its giant crest uprears, so deep below
4.627. its roots reach down to Tartarus:—not less
4.628. the hero by unceasing wail and cry
4.629. is smitten sore, and in his mighty heart
4.639. flowed like polluting gore. She told the sight
4.6
48. with lamentation and long shriek of woe.
4.6
49. Forgotten oracles by wizards told
4.650. whisper old omens dire. In dreams she feels
4.651. cruel Aeneas goad her madness on,
4.652. and ever seems she, friendless and alone,
4.653. ome lengthening path to travel, or to seek
4.65
4. her Tyrians through wide wastes of barren lands.
4.655. Thus frantic Pentheus flees the stern array
4.656. of the Eumenides, and thinks to see
4.657. two noonday lights blaze oer his doubled Thebes ; ' "
4.658. or murdered Agamemnon's haunted son, " "
4.659. Orestes, flees his mother's phantom scourge " '
4.660. of flames and serpents foul, while at his door
4.661. avenging horrors wait. Now sorrow-crazed
4.662. and by her grief undone, resolved on death,
4.667. to bring him back to Iove, or set me free.
4.677. Her spells and magic promise to set free
4.685. how little mind have I to don the garb
4.693. all sight and token of this husband vile. ' "
4.69
4. 'T is what the witch commands.” She spoke no more, " "
4.695. and pallid was her brow. Yet Anna's mind " '
4.696. knew not what web of death her sister wove
4.697. by these strange rites, nor what such frenzy dares;
4.698. nor feared she worse than when Sichaeus died,
4.700. Soon as the funeral pyre was builded high
4.701. in a sequestered garden, Iooming huge
4.702. with boughs of pine and faggots of cleft oak,
4.703. the queen herself enwreathed it with sad flowers
4.70
4. and boughs of mournful shade; and crowning all
4.705. he laid on nuptial bed the robes and sword 5.
485. Straightway, in all his pride of giant strength, 5.
486. Dares Ioomed up, and wondering murmurs ran 5.
487. along the gazing crowd; for he alone 5.
488. was wont to match with Paris, he it was 5.
489. met Butes, the huge-bodied champion 5.
490. boasting the name and race of Amycus, 5.
491. Bythinian-born; him felled he at a blow, 5.
492. and stretched him dying on the tawny sand. 5.
493. Such Dares was, who now held high his head, 5.
49
4. fierce for the fray, bared both his shoulders broad, 5.
495. lunged out with left and right, and beat the air. 5.
496. Who shall his rival be? of all the throng 5.
497. not one puts on the gauntlets, or would face ' "5.
498. the hero's challenge. Therefore, striding forth, " '5.
499. believing none now dare but yield the palm,
5.500. he stood before Aeneas, and straightway ' "
5.501. eized with his left hand the bull's golden horn, " '
5.502. and cried, “O goddess-born, if no man dares
5.503. to risk him in this fight, how Iong delay? 5.50
4. how Iong beseems it I should stand and wait?
5.505. Bid me bear off my prize.” The Trojans all
5.506. murmured assent, and bade the due award
5.507. of promised gift. But with a brow severe
5.508. Acestes to Entellus at his side
5.509. addressed upbraiding words, where they reclined
5.510. on grassy bank and couch of pleasant green:
5.511. “O my Entellus, in the olden days
5.512. bravest among the mighty, but in vain!
5.513. Endurest thou to see yon reward won 5.51
4. without a blow? Where, prithee, is that god
5.515. who taught thee? Are thy tales of Eryx vain?
5.516. Does all Sicilia praise thee? Is thy roof
5.517. with trophies hung?” The other in reply:
5.518. “My jealous honor and good name yield not
5.519. to fear. But age, so cold and slow to move,
5.520. makes my blood laggard, and my ebbing powers
5.521. in all my body are but slack and chill.
5.522. O, if I had what yonder ruffian boasts—
5.523. my own proud youth once more! I would not ask 5.52
4. the fair bull for a prize, nor to the lists
5.525. in search of gifts come forth.” So saying, he threw
5.526. into the mid-arena a vast pair
5.527. of ponderous gauntlets, which in former days
5.528. fierce Eryx for his fights was wont to bind
5.529. on hand and arm, with the stiff raw-hide thong. ' "
5.530. All marvelled; for a weight of seven bulls' hides " '
5.531. was pieced with lead and iron. Dares stared
5.532. astonished, and step after step recoiled; ' "
5.533. high-souled Anchises' son, this way and that, " "5.53
4. turned o'er the enormous coil of knots and thongs; " '
5.535. then with a deep-drawn breath the veteran spoke:
5.536. “O, that thy wondering eyes had seen the arms
5.537. of Hercules, and what his gauntlets were!
5.538. Would thou hadst seen the conflict terrible
5.539. upon this self-same shore! These arms were borne ' "5.5
40. by Eryx . Look; thy brother's!—spattered yet " '5.5
41. with blood, with dashed-out brains! In these he stood 5.5
42. when he matched Hercules. I wore them oft
5.628. For this last victory and joyful day,
5.636. for target of their shafts. Soon to the match
5.637. the rival bowmen came and cast the lots
5.638. into a brazen helmet. First came forth
6.18. Prophetic gifts, unfolding things to come.
6.20. Here Daedalus, the ancient story tells, ' "
6.21. Escaping Minos' power, and having made " '
6.22. Hazard of heaven on far-mounting wings,
6.23. Floated to northward, a cold, trackless way, ' "6.2
4. And lightly poised, at last, o'er Cumae 's towers. " '
6.25. Here first to earth come down, he gave to thee
6.26. His gear of wings, Apollo! and ordained
6.27. Vast temples to thy name and altars fair. ' "
6.28. On huge bronze doors Androgeos' death was done; " "
6.29. And Cecrops' children paid their debt of woe, " '
6.30. Where, seven and seven,—0 pitiable sight!—
6.31. The youths and maidens wait the annual doom,
6.32. Drawn out by lot from yonder marble urn.
6.33. Beyond, above a sea, lay carven Crete :— 6.
49. Thus to the prince she spoke : 6.
4
40. Into the billowy deep. Aeneas now 6.
4
41. Discerned his sad face through the blinding gloom, 6.
4
42. And hailed him thus : “0 Palinurus, tell 6.
4
43. What god was he who ravished thee away ' "6.
4
4
4. From me and mine, beneath the o'crwhelming wave? " "6.
4
45. Speak on! for he who ne'er had spoke untrue, " "6.
4
46. Apollo's self, did mock my listening mind, " '6.
4
47. And chanted me a faithful oracle 6.
4
48. That thou shouldst ride the seas unharmed, and touch 6.
4
49. Ausonian shores. Is this the pledge divine?” ' "6.
450. Then he, “0 chieftain of Anchises' race, " "6.
451. Apollo's tripod told thee not untrue. " '6.
456. Not for myself—by the rude seas I swear— 6.
460. Three wintry nights across the boundless main 6.
465. Safe was I then. Alas! but as I climbed ' "6.
469. So blind they were!—a wrecker's prize and spoil. " '6.
470. Now are the waves my tomb; and wandering winds 6.
47
4. Thy rising hope and joy, that from these woes, 6.
475. Unconquered chieftain, thou wilt set me free!
6.520. Let Proserpine immaculately keep
6.521. The house and honor of her kinsman King.
6.522. Trojan Aeneas, famed for faithful prayer
6.650. The rumor reached me how, that deadly night,
6.651. Wearied with slaying Greeks, thyself didst fall
6.652. Prone on a mingled heap of friends and foes.
6.653. Then my own hands did for thy honor build 6.65
4. An empty tomb upon the Trojan shore,
6.655. And thrice with echoing voice I called thy shade.
6.656. Thy name and arms are there. But, 0 my friend,
6.657. Thee could I nowhere find, but launched away, ' "
6.658. Nor o'er thy bones their native earth could fling.” " '
6.659. To him the son of Priam thus replied:
6.660. “Nay, friend, no hallowed rite was left undone,
6.661. But every debt to death and pity due
6.662. The shades of thy Deiphobus received. ' "
6.663. My fate it was, and Helen's murderous wrong, " '6.66
4. Wrought me this woe; of her these tokens tell.
6.665. For how that last night in false hope we passed,
6.666. Thou knowest,—ah, too well we both recall!
6.667. When up the steep of Troy the fateful horse
6.668. Came climbing, pregt with fierce men-at-arms, ' "
6.669. 't was she, accurst, who led the Phrygian dames " '
6.670. In choric dance and false bacchantic song,
6.671. And, waving from the midst a lofty brand, ' "
6.672. Signalled the Greeks from Ilium 's central tower " '
6.673. In that same hour on my sad couch I lay, 6.67
4. Exhausted by long care and sunk in sleep,
6.675. That sweet, deep sleep, so close to tranquil death.
6.676. But my illustrious bride from all the house ' "6.7
49. Here Earth's first offspring, the Titanic brood, " "
6.756. And Jove's own fire. In chariot of four steeds, " '
6.757. Brandishing torches, he triumphant rode ' "
6.758. Through throngs of Greeks, o'er Elis ' sacred way, " '
6.759. Demanding worship as a god. 0 fool! ' "
6.760. To mock the storm's inimitable flash— " '
6.761. With crash of hoofs and roll of brazen wheel!
6.762. But mightiest Jove from rampart of thick cloud
6.763. Hurled his own shaft, no flickering, mortal flame, 6.76
4. And in vast whirl of tempest laid him low.
6.765. Next unto these, on Tityos I looked,
6.766. Child of old Earth, whose womb all creatures bears: ' "
6.767. Stretched o'er nine roods he lies; a vulture huge " '
6.768. Tears with hooked beak at his immortal side,
6.769. Or deep in entrails ever rife with pain
6.770. Gropes for a feast, making his haunt and home
6.771. In the great Titan bosom; nor will give
6.772. To ever new-born flesh surcease of woe.
6.773. Why name Ixion and Pirithous, 6.77
4. The Lapithae, above whose impious brows
6.775. A crag of flint hangs quaking to its fall,
6.776. As if just toppling down, while couches proud,
6.777. Propped upon golden pillars, bid them feast
6.778. In royal glory: but beside them lies
6.779. The eldest of the Furies, whose dread hands
6.780. Thrust from the feast away, and wave aloft
6.781. A flashing firebrand, with shrieks of woe.
6.782. Here in a prison-house awaiting doom
6.783. Are men who hated, long as life endured, 6.78
4. Their brothers, or maltreated their gray sires,
6.785. Or tricked a humble friend; the men who grasped
6.786. At hoarded riches, with their kith and kin
6.787. Not sharing ever—an unnumbered throng;
6.788. Here slain adulterers be; and men who dared
6.789. To fight in unjust cause, and break all faith
6.790. With their own lawful lords. Seek not to know
6.791. What forms of woe they feel, what fateful shape ' "
6.792. of retribution hath o'erwhelmed them there. " '
6.793. Some roll huge boulders up; some hang on wheels, 6.79
4. Lashed to the whirling spokes; in his sad seat
6.795. Theseus is sitting, nevermore to rise;
6.796. Unhappy Phlegyas uplifts his voice
6.797. In warning through the darkness, calling loud,
6.798. ‘0, ere too late, learn justice and fear God!’
6.799. Yon traitor sold his country, and for gold
6.800. Enchained her to a tyrant, trafficking
6.801. In laws, for bribes enacted or made void;
6.802. Another did incestuously take
6.803. His daughter for a wife in lawless bonds. 6.80
4. All ventured some unclean, prodigious crime;
6.805. And what they dared, achieved. I could not tell,
6.806. Not with a hundred mouths, a hundred tongues,
6.807. Or iron voice, their divers shapes of sin, ' "
6.809. So spake Apollo's aged prophetess. " '
6.810. “Now up and on!” she cried. “Thy task fulfil!
6.811. We must make speed. Behold yon arching doors
6.812. Yon walls in furnace of the Cyclops forged! ' "
6.813. 'T is there we are commanded to lay down " "6.81
4. Th' appointed offering.” So, side by side, " '
6.815. Swift through the intervening dark they strode,
6.816. And, drawing near the portal-arch, made pause.
6.817. Aeneas, taking station at the door, ' "
6.818. Pure, lustral waters o'er his body threw, " '
6.820. Now, every rite fulfilled, and tribute due
6.821. Paid to the sovereign power of Proserpine,
6.822. At last within a land delectable
6.823. Their journey lay, through pleasurable bowers 6.82
4. of groves where all is joy,—a blest abode!
6.825. An ampler sky its roseate light bestows
6.826. On that bright land, which sees the cloudless beam
6.827. of suns and planets to our earth unknown.
6.828. On smooth green lawns, contending limb with limb,
6.829. Immortal athletes play, and wrestle long ' "
6.830. 'gainst mate or rival on the tawny sand; " '
6.831. With sounding footsteps and ecstatic song,
6.832. Some thread the dance divine: among them moves
6.833. The bard of Thrace, in flowing vesture clad, 6.83
4. Discoursing seven-noted melody,
6.835. Who sweeps the numbered strings with changeful hand,
6.836. Or smites with ivory point his golden lyre.
6.837. Here Trojans be of eldest, noblest race,
6.838. Great-hearted heroes, born in happier times,
6.839. Ilus, Assaracus, and Dardanus, 6.8
40. Illustrious builders of the Trojan town. 6.8
41. Their arms and shadowy chariots he views, 6.8
42. And lances fixed in earth, while through the fields 6.8
43. Their steeds without a bridle graze at will. 6.8
4
4. For if in life their darling passion ran 6.8
45. To chariots, arms, or glossy-coated steeds, 6.8
46. The self-same joy, though in their graves, they feel. 6.8
47. Lo! on the left and right at feast reclined 6.8
48. Are other blessed souls, whose chorus sings 6.8
49. Victorious paeans on the fragrant air
6.850. of laurel groves; and hence to earth outpours
6.851. Eridanus, through forests rolling free.
6.852. Here dwell the brave who for their native land
6.853. Fell wounded on the field; here holy priests 6.85
4. Who kept them undefiled their mortal day;
6.855. And poets, of whom the true-inspired song ' "
6.856. Deserved Apollo's name; and all who found " "
6.857. New arts, to make man's life more blest or fair; " '
6.858. Yea! here dwell all those dead whose deeds bequeath
6.859. Deserved and grateful memory to their kind.
6.860. And each bright brow a snow-white fillet wears.
6.861. Unto this host the Sibyl turned, and hailed
6.862. Musaeus, midmost of a numerous throng, ' "
6.863. Who towered o'er his peers a shoulder higher: " '6.86
4. “0 spirits blest! 0 venerable bard!
6.865. Declare what dwelling or what region holds
6.866. Anchises, for whose sake we twain essayed
6.867. Yon passage over the wide streams of hell.”
6.868. And briefly thus the hero made reply:
6.869. “No fixed abode is ours. In shadowy groves
6.870. We make our home, or meadows fresh and fair,
6.871. With streams whose flowery banks our couches be.
6.872. But you, if thitherward your wishes turn,
6.873. Climb yonder hill, where I your path may show.” 6.87
4. So saying, he strode forth and led them on,
6.875. Till from that vantage they had prospect fair
6.876. of a wide, shining land; thence wending down,
6.877. They left the height they trod; for far below
6.878. Father Anchises in a pleasant vale
6.879. Stood pondering, while his eyes and thought surveyed
6.880. A host of prisoned spirits, who there abode
6.881. Awaiting entrance to terrestrial air.
6.882. And musing he reviewed the legions bright
6.883. of his own progeny and offspring proud— 6.88
4. Their fates and fortunes, virtues and great deeds.
6.885. Soon he discerned Aeneas drawing nigh ' "
6.886. o'er the green slope, and, lifting both his hands " '
6.887. In eager welcome, spread them swiftly forth.
6.888. Tears from his eyelids rained, and thus he spoke:
6.889. “Art here at last? Hath thy well-proven love
6.890. of me thy sire achieved yon arduous way?
6.891. Will Heaven, beloved son, once more allow
6.892. That eye to eye we look? and shall I hear
7.362. the famous kind which guileful Circe bred, ' "7.6
47. though deep the evening shade. Iulus' dogs " '7.6
48. now roused this wanderer in their ravening chase, 7.6
49. as, drifted down-stream far from home it lay,
7.650. on a green bank a-cooling. From bent bow ' "
7.651. Ascanius, eager for a hunter's praise, " '
7.652. let go his shaft; nor did Alecto fail
7.653. his aim to guide: but, whistling through the air, 7.65
4. the light-winged reed pierced deep in flank and side.
7.689. but with the two-edged steel; the naked swords
7.690. wave like dark-bladed harvest-field, while far 8.3
42. headlong across the flames, where densest hung 8.3
43. the rolling smoke, and through the cavern surged 8.6
43. May Heaven requite them on his impious head
8.671. Seek ye a king from far!’ So in the field
8.678. cold, sluggish age, now barren and outworn,
8.679. denies new kingdoms, and my slow-paced powers
8.680. run to brave deeds no more. Nor could I urge ' "
8.681. my son, who by his Sabine mother's line " '
8.682. is half Italian-born. Thyself art he,
8.683. whose birth illustrious and manly prime 8.68
4. fate favors and celestial powers approve.
8.685. Therefore go forth, O bravest chief and King
8.686. of Troy and Italy ! To thee I give
8.687. the hope and consolation of our throne,
8.688. pallas, my son, and bid him find in thee
8.689. a master and example, while he learns ' "
8.690. the soldier's arduous toil. With thy brave deeds " '
8.691. let him familiar grow, and reverence thee
8.692. with youthful love and honor. In his train
8.693. two hundred horsemen of Arcadia, 8.69
4. our choicest men-at-arms, shall ride; and he
8.695. in his own name an equal band shall bring
8.696. to follow only thee.” Such the discourse.
8.697. With meditative brows and downcast eyes
8.698. Aeneas and Achates, sad at heart,
8.699. mused on unnumbered perils yet to come. ' "
8.700. But out of cloudless sky Cythera's Queen " "
8.701. gave sudden signal: from th' ethereal dome " '
8.702. a thunder-peal and flash of quivering fire
8.703. tumultuous broke, as if the world would fall, 8.70
4. and bellowing Tuscan trumpets shook the air.
8.705. All eyes look up. Again and yet again
8.706. crashed the terrible din, and where the sky
8.707. looked clearest hung a visionary cloud,
8.708. whence through the brightness blazed resounding arms. ' "
8.709. All hearts stood still. But Troy 's heroic son " '
8.710. knew that his mother in the skies redeemed
8.711. her pledge in sound of thunder: so he cried,
8.712. “Seek not, my friend, seek not thyself to read ' "
8.713. the meaning of the omen. 'T is to me " '8.71
4. Olympus calls. My goddess-mother gave
8.715. long since her promise of a heavenly sign
8.716. if war should burst; and that her power would bring
8.717. a panoply from Vulcan through the air,
8.718. to help us at our need. Alas, what deaths ' "
8.719. over Laurentum's ill-starred host impend! " '
8.720. O Turnus, what a reckoning thou shalt pay
8.721. to me in arms! O Tiber, in thy wave
8.722. what helms and shields and mighty soldiers slain
8.723. hall in confusion roll! Yea, let them lead
8.725. He said: and from the lofty throne uprose.
8.726. Straightway he roused anew the slumbering fire
8.727. acred to Hercules, and glad at heart
8.728. adored, as yesterday, the household gods 9.
435. through midnight shades, to where their foemen lie 9.
436. encamped in arms; of whom, before these fall, 9.
437. a host shall die. Along the turf were seen,
9.576. this way and that. But Nisus, fiercer still, 9.7
41. that thundered through the sky. Along the ground 9.7
42. half dead the warriors fell (the crushing mass ' 10.1
43. have goverce supreme, began reply; 10.1
4
4. deep silence at his word Olympus knew, ' "10.1
45. Earth's utmost cavern shook; the realms of light " '
10.270. oft snow-white plumes, and spurning earth he soared
10.271. on high, and sped in music through the stars.
10.272. His son with bands of youthful peers urged on
10.273. a galley with a Centaur for its prow, ' "10.27
4. which loomed high o'er the waves, and seemed to hurl " '
10.275. a huge stone at the water, as the keel
10.276. ploughed through the deep. Next Ocnus summoned forth
10.277. a war-host from his native shores, the son 1
2.6
4. who even now thy absence daily mourns 1
2.65. in Ardea, his native land and thine.” ' "1
2.66. But to this pleading Turnus' frenzied soul " '1
2.67. yields not at all, but rather blazes forth 1
2.68. more wildly, and his fever fiercer burns ' "1
2.69. beneath the healer's hand. In answer he, " '12.
435. this frantic stir, this quarrel rashly bold? 12.
436. Recall your martial rage! The pledge is given ' "12.
437. and all its terms agreed. 'T is only I " '12.
438. do lawful battle here. So let me forth, 12.
439. and tremble not. My own hand shall confirm 12.
4
40. the solemn treaty. For these rites consign 1
2.605. from the forsaken fortress poured. The plain 12.9
46. of Eryx, when the nodding oaks resound, 12.9
47. or sovereign Apennine that lifts in air '. None |
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