1. Hebrew Bible, Genesis, 9.20 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Athena • Athens
Found in books: Geljon and Runia (2013) 174; de Jáuregui et al. (2011) 101
| 9.20. And Noah, the man of the land, began and planted a vineyard.''. None |
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2. Hebrew Bible, Psalms, 9.14 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Athena • Christians, at Athens
Found in books: Breytenbach and Tzavella (2022) 318; Gera (2014) 250
9.14. חָנְנֵנִי יְהוָה רְאֵה עָנְיִי מִשֹּׂנְאָי מְרוֹמְמִי מִשַּׁעֲרֵי מָוֶת׃''. None | 9.14. Be gracious unto me, O LORD, Behold mine affliction at the hands of them that hate me; Thou that liftest me up from the gates of death;''. None |
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3. Hebrew Bible, Habakkuk, 1.5 (8th cent. BCE - 6th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Athens • Stoicism, Stoics, Athens
Found in books: Potter Suh and Holladay (2021) 617; Roskovec and Hušek (2021) 113
1.5. רְאוּ בַגּוֹיִם וְהַבִּיטוּ וְהִתַּמְּהוּ תְּמָהוּ כִּי־פֹעַל פֹּעֵל בִּימֵיכֶם לֹא תַאֲמִינוּ כִּי יְסֻפָּר׃''. None | 1.5. Look ye among the nations, and behold, And wonder marvellously; For, behold, a work shall be wrought in your days, Which ye will not believe though it be told you.''. None |
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4. Hesiod, Works And Days, 47-105, 166-172, 225-237, 242-249, 376, 504, 566, 568-569, 582-596 (8th cent. BCE - 7th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Athena • Athena Parthenos, Pheidias’,, iconography • Athena Pronaia • Athena, • Athena, A. Ergane • Athena, Itonia, • Athena, parthenos • Athena, spinning and weaving • Athena, technical skills • Athens • Athens, Athenian • Athens, Demeter as cult god in • Athens, Dionysus and Dionysian festivals in • Athens, Erechtheion • Athens, Hephaestus, cult of • Athens, and Procne myth • Athens, and myths • Athens, politicisation of myth • Athens, sacred regulations • Demeter, Athens, as cult goddess in • Hephaisteion, Athens, anthemon • Hephaisteion, Athens, inscription of construction accounts • Hephaisteion, Athens, technique and structure • Pisistratus (tyrant of Athens)/Pisistratids • Plato, Academy of, Athens • Procne, myth of,, and Athens • Sparta, and Athens, institutions • plague, in Athens • wife, Athena and
Found in books: Bernabe et al (2013) 100, 105; Bowie (2021) 299; Bremmer (2008) 25, 26; Brule (2003) 35; Clay and Vergados (2022) 42, 65; Csapo (2022) 63; Hitch (2017) 148; Horkey (2019) 168; Humphreys (2018) 32; Jouanna (2018) 126, 634; Kirichenko (2022) 119, 145; Rutter and Sparkes (2012) 60, 122, 127, 137; Schultz and Wilberding (2022) 56; Simon (2021) 237, 300; Sommerstein and Torrance (2014) 13; Steiner (2001) 98, 186, 187, 189; Tor (2017) 89; Waldner et al (2016) 23; Álvarez (2019) 58
47. ἀλλὰ Ζεὺς ἔκρυψε χολωσάμενος φρεσὶν ᾗσιν, 48. ὅττι μιν ἐξαπάτησε Προμηθεὺς ἀγκυλομήτης· 49. τοὔνεκʼ ἄρʼ ἀνθρώποισιν ἐμήσατο κήδεα λυγρά. 50. κρύψε δὲ πῦρ· τὸ μὲν αὖτις ἐὺς πάις Ἰαπετοῖο 51. ἔκλεψʼ ἀνθρώποισι Διὸς πάρα μητιόεντος 52. ἐν κοῒλῳ νάρθηκι λαθὼν Δία τερπικέραυνον. 53. τὸν δὲ χολωσάμενος προσέφη νεφεληγερέτα Ζευς· 54. Ἰαπετιονίδη, πάντων πέρι μήδεα εἰδώς, 54. ὣς ἔφατʼ· ἐκ δʼ ἐγέλασσε πατὴρ ἀνδρῶν τε θεῶν τε. 55. χαίρεις πῦρ κλέψας καὶ ἐμὰς φρένας ἠπεροπεύσας, 56. σοί τʼ αὐτῷ μέγα πῆμα καὶ ἀνδράσιν ἐσσομένοισιν. 57. τοῖς δʼ ἐγὼ ἀντὶ πυρὸς δώσω κακόν, ᾧ κεν ἅπαντες 58. τέρπωνται κατὰ θυμὸν ἑὸν κακὸν ἀμφαγαπῶντες. 60. Ἥφαιστον δʼ ἐκέλευσε περικλυτὸν ὅττι τάχιστα 61. γαῖαν ὕδει φύρειν, ἐν δʼ ἀνθρώπου θέμεν αὐδὴν 62. καὶ σθένος, ἀθανάτῃς δὲ θεῇς εἰς ὦπα ἐίσκειν 63. παρθενικῆς καλὸν εἶδος ἐπήρατον· αὐτὰρ Ἀθήνην 64. ἔργα διδασκῆσαι, πολυδαίδαλον ἱστὸν ὑφαίνειν· 65. καὶ χάριν ἀμφιχέαι κεφαλῇ χρυσέην Ἀφροδίτην 66. καὶ πόθον ἀργαλέον καὶ γυιοβόρους μελεδώνας· 67. ἐν δὲ θέμεν κύνεόν τε νόον καὶ ἐπίκλοπον ἦθος 68. Ἑρμείην ἤνωγε, διάκτορον Ἀργεϊφόντην. 69. ὣς ἔφαθʼ· οἳ δʼ ἐπίθοντο Διὶ Κρονίωνι ἄνακτι. 70. αὐτίκα δʼ ἐκ γαίης πλάσσεν κλυτὸς Ἀμφιγυήεις 71. παρθένῳ αἰδοίῃ ἴκελον Κρονίδεω διὰ βουλάς· 72. ζῶσε δὲ καὶ κόσμησε θεὰ γλαυκῶπις Ἀθήνη· 73. ἀμφὶ δέ οἱ Χάριτές τε θεαὶ καὶ πότνια Πειθὼ 74. ὅρμους χρυσείους ἔθεσαν χροΐ· ἀμφὶ δὲ τήν γε 75. Ὧραι καλλίκομοι στέφον ἄνθεσιν εἰαρινοῖσιν· 76. πάντα δέ οἱ χροῒ κόσμον ἐφήρμοσε Παλλὰς Ἀθήνη. 77. ἐν δʼ ἄρα οἱ στήθεσσι διάκτορος Ἀργεϊφόντης 78. ψεύδεά θʼ αἱμυλίους τε λόγους καὶ ἐπίκλοπον ἦθος 79. τεῦξε Διὸς βουλῇσι βαρυκτύπου· ἐν δʼ ἄρα φωνὴν 80. θῆκε θεῶν κῆρυξ, ὀνόμηνε δὲ τήνδε γυναῖκα 81. Πανδώρην, ὅτι πάντες Ὀλύμπια δώματʼ ἔχοντες 82. δῶρον ἐδώρησαν, πῆμʼ ἀνδράσιν ἀλφηστῇσιν. 83. αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ δόλον αἰπὺν ἀμήχανον ἐξετέλεσσεν, 84. εἰς Ἐπιμηθέα πέμπε πατὴρ κλυτὸν Ἀργεϊφόντην 85. δῶρον ἄγοντα, θεῶν ταχὺν ἄγγελον· οὐδʼ Ἐπιμηθεὺς 86. ἐφράσαθʼ, ὥς οἱ ἔειπε Προμηθεὺς μή ποτε δῶρον 87. δέξασθαι πὰρ Ζηνὸς Ὀλυμπίου, ἀλλʼ ἀποπέμπειν 88. ἐξοπίσω, μή πού τι κακὸν θνητοῖσι γένηται. 89. αὐτὰρ ὃ δεξάμενος, ὅτε δὴ κακὸν εἶχʼ, ἐνόησεν. 90. Πρὶν μὲν γὰρ ζώεσκον ἐπὶ χθονὶ φῦλʼ ἀνθρώπων 91. νόσφιν ἄτερ τε κακῶν καὶ ἄτερ χαλεποῖο πόνοιο 92. νούσων τʼ ἀργαλέων, αἵ τʼ ἀνδράσι Κῆρας ἔδωκαν. 93. αἶψα γὰρ ἐν κακότητι βροτοὶ καταγηράσκουσιν. 94. ἀλλὰ γυνὴ χείρεσσι πίθου μέγα πῶμʼ ἀφελοῦσα 95. ἐσκέδασʼ· ἀνθρώποισι δʼ ἐμήσατο κήδεα λυγρά. 96. μούνη δʼ αὐτόθι Ἐλπὶς ἐν ἀρρήκτοισι δόμοισιν 97. ἔνδον ἔμιμνε πίθου ὑπὸ χείλεσιν, οὐδὲ θύραζε 98. ἐξέπτη· πρόσθεν γὰρ ἐπέλλαβε πῶμα πίθοιο 99. αἰγιόχου βουλῇσι Διὸς νεφεληγερέταο. 100. ἄλλα δὲ μυρία λυγρὰ κατʼ ἀνθρώπους ἀλάληται·'101. πλείη μὲν γὰρ γαῖα κακῶν, πλείη δὲ θάλασσα· 102. νοῦσοι δʼ ἀνθρώποισιν ἐφʼ ἡμέρῃ, αἳ δʼ ἐπὶ νυκτὶ 103. αὐτόματοι φοιτῶσι κακὰ θνητοῖσι φέρουσαι 104. σιγῇ, ἐπεὶ φωνὴν ἐξείλετο μητίετα Ζεύς. 105. οὕτως οὔτι πη ἔστι Διὸς νόον ἐξαλέασθαι.
166. ἔνθʼ ἤτοι τοὺς μὲν θανάτου τέλος ἀμφεκάλυψε, 167. τοῖς δὲ δίχʼ ἀνθρώπων βίοτον καὶ ἤθεʼ ὀπάσσας 168. Ζεὺς Κρονίδης κατένασσε πατὴρ ἐς πείρατα γαίης. 169. Πέμπτον δʼ αὖτις ἔτʼ ἄ λλο γένος θῆκʼ εὐρύοπα Ζεὺς 169. ἀνδρῶν, οἳ γεγάασιν ἐπὶ χθονὶ πουλυβοτείρῃ. 169. τοῖσι δʼ ὁμῶς ν εάτοις τιμὴ καὶ κῦδος ὀπηδεῖ. 169. τοῦ γὰρ δεσμὸ ν ἔλυσε πα τὴρ ἀνδρῶν τε θεῶν τε. 169. τηλοῦ ἀπʼ ἀθανάτων· τοῖσιν Κρόνος ἐμβασιλεύει. 170. καὶ τοὶ μὲν ναίουσιν ἀκηδέα θυμὸν ἔχοντες 171. ἐν μακάρων νήσοισι παρʼ Ὠκεανὸν βαθυδίνην, 172. ὄλβιοι ἥρωες, τοῖσιν μελιηδέα καρπὸν
225. Οἳ δὲ δίκας ξείνοισι καὶ ἐνδήμοισι διδοῦσιν 226. ἰθείας καὶ μή τι παρεκβαίνουσι δικαίου, 227. τοῖσι τέθηλε πόλις, λαοὶ δʼ ἀνθεῦσιν ἐν αὐτῇ· 228. εἰρήνη δʼ ἀνὰ γῆν κουροτρόφος, οὐδέ ποτʼ αὐτοῖς 229. ἀργαλέον πόλεμον τεκμαίρεται εὐρύοπα Ζεύς· 230. οὐδέ ποτʼ ἰθυδίκῃσι μετʼ ἀνδράσι λιμὸς ὀπηδεῖ 231. οὐδʼ ἄτη, θαλίῃς δὲ μεμηλότα ἔργα νέμονται. 232. τοῖσι φέρει μὲν γαῖα πολὺν βίον, οὔρεσι δὲ δρῦς 233. ἄκρη μέν τε φέρει βαλάνους, μέσση δὲ μελίσσας· 234. εἰροπόκοι δʼ ὄιες μαλλοῖς καταβεβρίθασιν· 235. τίκτουσιν δὲ γυναῖκες ἐοικότα τέκνα γονεῦσιν· 236. θάλλουσιν δʼ ἀγαθοῖσι διαμπερές· οὐδʼ ἐπὶ νηῶν 237. νίσσονται, καρπὸν δὲ φέρει ζείδωρος ἄρουρα.
242. τοῖσιν δʼ οὐρανόθεν μέγʼ ἐπήγαγε πῆμα Κρονίων 243. λιμὸν ὁμοῦ καὶ λοιμόν· ἀποφθινύθουσι δὲ λαοί. 244. οὐδὲ γυναῖκες τίκτουσιν, μινύθουσι δὲ οἶκοι 245. Ζηνὸς φραδμοσύνῃσιν Ὀλυμπίου· ἄλλοτε δʼ αὖτε 246. ἢ τῶν γε στρατὸν εὐρὺν ἀπώλεσεν ἢ ὅ γε τεῖχος 2
47. ἢ νέας ἐν πόντῳ Κρονίδης ἀποαίνυται αὐτῶν. 248. ὦ βασιλῆς, ὑμεῖς δὲ καταφράζεσθε καὶ αὐτοὶ 249. τήνδε δίκην· ἐγγὺς γὰρ ἐν ἀνθρώποισιν ἐόντες
376. μουνογενὴς δὲ πάις εἴη πατρώιον οἶκον
504. μῆνα δὲ Ληναιῶνα, κάκʼ ἤματα, βουδόρα πάντα,
566. Ἀρκτοῦρος προλιπὼν ἱερὸν ῥόον Ὠκεανοῖο
568. τὸν δὲ μέτʼ ὀρθογόη Πανδιονὶς ὦρτο χελιδὼν 569. ἐς φάος ἀνθρώποις, ἔαρος νέον ἱσταμένοιο.
582. ἦμος δὲ σκόλυμός τʼ ἀνθεῖ καὶ ἠχέτα τέττιξ 583. δενδρέῳ ἐφεζόμενος λιγυρὴν καταχεύετʼ ἀοιδὴν 584. πυκνὸν ὑπὸ πτερύγων, θέρεος καματώδεος ὥρῃ, 585. τῆμος πιόταταί τʼ αἶγες καὶ οἶνος ἄριστος, 586. μαχλόταται δὲ γυναῖκες, ἀφαυρότατοι δέ τοι ἄνδρες 587. εἰσίν, ἐπεὶ κεφαλὴν καὶ γούνατα Σείριος ἄζει, 588. αὐαλέος δέ τε χρὼς ὑπὸ καύματος· ἀλλὰ τότʼ ἤδη 589. εἴη πετραίη τε σκιὴ καὶ βίβλινος οἶνος,' '590. μάζα τʼ ἀμολγαίη γάλα τʼ αἰγῶν σβεννυμενάων, 591. καὶ βοὸς ὑλοφάγοιο κρέας μή πω τετοκυίης 592. πρωτογόνων τʼ ἐρίφων· ἐπὶ δʼ αἴθοπα πινέμεν οἶνον, 593. ἐν σκιῇ ἑζόμενον, κεκορημένον ἦτορ ἐδωδῆς, 594. ἀντίον ἀκραέος Ζεφύρου τρέψαντα πρόσωπα, 595. κρήνης τʼ αἰενάου καὶ ἀπορρύτου, ἥτʼ ἀθόλωτος, 596. τρὶς ὕδατος προχέειν, τὸ δὲ τέτρατον ἱέμεν οἴνου. '. None | 47. Could one work for one day, then, free from strife, 48. One’s rudder packed away, live lazily, 49. Each ox and hard-worked mule sent off. In spleen 50. That fraudulent Prometheus duped him, Zeu 51. Kept safe this thing, devising labours keen 52. For men. He hid the fire: for human use 53. The honourable son of Iapetu 54. Stole it from counsellor Zeus and in his guile 55. He hid it in a fennel stalk and thu 56. Hoodwinked the Thunderer, who aired his bile, 57. Cloud-Gatherer that he was, and said: “O son 58. of Iapetus, the craftiest god of all, 59. You stole the fire, content with what you’d done, 60. And duped me. So great anguish shall befall 61. Both you and future mortal men. A thing 62. of ill in lieu of fire I’ll afford 63. Them all to take delight in, cherishing 64. The evil”. Thus he spoke and then the lord 65. of men and gods laughed. Famed Hephaistus he 66. Enjoined to mingle water with some clay 67. And put a human voice and energy 68. Within it and a goddess’ features lay 69. On it and, like a maiden, sweet and pure, 70. The body, though Athene was to show 71. Her how to weave; upon her head allure 72. The golden Aphrodite would let flow, 73. With painful passions and bone-shattering stress. 74. Then Argus-slayer Hermes had to add 75. A wily nature and shamefacedness. 76. Those were his orders and what Lord Zeus bade 77. They did. The famed lame god immediately 78. Formed out of clay, at Cronus’ son’s behest, 79. The likeness of a maid of modesty. 80. By grey-eyed Queen Athene was she dressed 81. And cinctured, while the Graces and Seduction 82. Placed necklaces about her; then the Hours, 83. With lovely tresses, heightened this production 84. By garlanding this maid with springtime flowers. 85. Athene trimmed her up, while in her breast 86. Hermes put lies and wiles and qualitie 87. of trickery at thundering Zeus’ behest: 88. Since all Olympian divinitie 89. Bestowed this gift, Pandora was her name, 90. A bane to all mankind. When they had hatched 91. This perfect trap, Hermes, that man of fame, 92. The gods’ swift messenger, was then dispatched 93. To Epimetheus. Epimetheus, though, 94. Ignored Prometheus’ words not to receive 95. A gift from Zeus but, since it would cause woe 96. To me, so send it back; he would perceive 97. This truth when he already held the thing. 98. Before this time men lived quite separately, 99. Grief-free, disease-free, free of suffering, 100. Which brought the Death-Gods. Now in misery'101. Men age. Pandora took out of the jar 102. Grievous calamity, bringing to men 103. Dreadful distress by scattering it afar. 104. Within its firm sides, Hope alone was then 105. Still safe within its lip, not leaping out
166. And dreadful battles vanquished some of these, 167. While some in Cadmus’ Thebes, while looking for 168. The flocks of Oedipus, found death. The sea 169. Took others as they crossed to Troy fight 170. For fair-tressed Helen. They were screened as well 171. In death. Lord Zeus arranged it that they might 172. Live far from others. Thus they came to dwell,
225. Perses – heed justice and shun haughtiness; 226. It aids no common man: nobles can’t stay 227. It easily because it will oppre 228. Us all and bring disgrace. The better way 229. Is Justice, who will outstrip Pride at last. 230. Fools learn this by experience because 231. The God of Oaths, by running very fast, 232. Keeps pace with and requites all crooked laws. 233. When men who swallow bribes and crookedly 234. Pass sentences and drag Justice away, 235. There’s great turmoil, and then, in misery 236. Weeping and covered in a misty spray, 237. She comes back to the city, carrying
242. And honest, children grow in amity, 243. Far-seeing Zeus sends them no dread warfare, 244. And decent men suffer no scarcity 245. of food, no ruin, as they till their field 246. And feast; abundance reigns upon the earth; 2
47. Each mountaintop a wealth of acorns yields, 248. Bees thrive below, and mothers all give birth 249. To children who resemble perfectly
376. To please a miser thus, for Giving live
504. These steps, your fields of corn shall surely teem
566. Him pastures but rotate around the land
568. To brighten). That’s the time the hornèd and 569. The unhorned beasts of the wood flee to the brush,
582. Be stoutly shod with ox-hide boots which you 583. Must line with felt. In winter have a care 584. To sew two young kids’ hides to the sinew 585. of an ox to keep the downpour from your back, 586. A knit cap for your head to keep your ear 587. From getting wet. It’s freezing at the crack 588. of dawn, which from the starry sky appear 589. When Boreas drops down: then is there spread 590. A fruitful mist upon the land which fall 591. Upon the blessed fields and which is fed 592. By endless rivers, raised on high by squalls. 593. Sometimes it rains at evening, then again, 594. When the thickly-compressed clouds are animated 595. By Thracian Boreas, it blows hard. Then 596. It is the time, having anticipated '. None |
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5. Hesiod, Shield, 280 (8th cent. BCE - 7th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Athens, Athenian • Athens, its own theoria to Delos
Found in books: Kowalzig (2007) 71; Meister (2019) 24
280. αἳ δʼ ὑπὸ φορμίγγων ἄναγον χορὸν ἱμερόεντα.''. None | 280. and the girls led on the lovely dance to the sound of lyres. Then again on the other side was a rout of young men revelling, with flutes playing; some frolicking with dance and song, and others were going forward in time with a flute player and laughing. The whole town was filled with mirth and dance and festivity.''. None |
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6. Hesiod, Theogony, 27, 71, 81-92, 120, 154-155, 180, 183-201, 209, 328, 392, 411-500, 510-514, 516-616, 824-828, 836-838, 844-858, 881-949, 953, 986-990 (8th cent. BCE - 7th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Achilles, Athena and • Acropolis, Athens, votive plaque of Aphrodite with Eros and Himeros • Aphrodite, Athena and • Athena • Athena Itonia in Thessaly, enduring martial character • Athena Itonia in Thessaly, in military and political history • Athena Itonia in Thessaly, non-military attributes • Athena Parthenos • Athena Parthenos, Pheidias’,, iconography • Athena Soteira Nike, and Zeus Soter • Athena Sōteira, Rejects the flute • Athena, • Athena, A. Hêphaestia • Athena, Aphrodite and • Athena, Palladium of • Athena, Pallas Athena • Athena, Polias • Athena, Polias, Promachos, Ergane • Athena, Pronoia • Athena, Zeus and • Athena, and Hephaestus • Athena, as agent of Zeus • Athena, birth • Athena, birth of • Athena, images and iconography • Athena, in Judgment of Paris scenes • Athena, metis of • Athena, origins and development • Athena, parthenos • Athena, petition to Zeus • Athena, technical skills • Athene • Athens • Athens, Athenian • Athens, Erechtheion • Athens, Olympieion • Athens, Pandora cult • Athens, politicisation of myth • Athens, sacred regulations • Athens/Athenian • Athens/Athenian, Plato’s Athenian • Birth of Dionysus, Athena • Cyclades, pithos relief, birth of Athena • Hephaestus, and Athena • Hephaisteion, Athens, anthemon • Hephaisteion, Athens, inscription of construction accounts • Hephaisteion, Athens, technique and structure • Heroes and heroines, of Athens (eponymous) • Minerva (Athena), as tyrannical Olympian power • Minerva (Athena), in gigantomachy • Palladium of Athena • Pallas Athena • Socrates of Athens • Sparta, and Athens, institutions • Themistocles of Athens • Thucydides of Athens • Xenophon of Athens • Zeus, Athena and • Zeus, Athena petition to • gigantomachy, Athena and • orge, in classical Athens • pillars/columns, Palladium of Athena • succession, and Athena • votives, plaque of Aphrodite with Eros and Himeros, Acropolis, Athens • wife, Athena and
Found in books: Bernabe et al (2013) 238; Braund and Most (2004) 94, 197; Bremmer (2008) 22, 23, 89; Brule (2003) 13, 35; Clay and Vergados (2022) 31, 42; Del Lucchese (2019) 28; Edmunds (2021) 82; Gagné (2020) 119; Gaifman (2012) 168; Giusti (2018) 95; Goldhill (2022) 28; Greensmith (2021) 277; Hitch (2017) 148; Horkey (2019) 40, 168, 169; Humphreys (2018) 34; Iricinschi et al. (2013) 223, 224; Jim (2022) 12; Johnson (2008) 59, 60; Kirichenko (2022) 68, 69; Lalone (2019) 34; Lipka (2021) 19, 114; Mikalson (2003) 47, 230; Pirenne-Delforge and Pironti (2022) 52, 65, 73, 106, 242, 243, 244, 247, 256, 276, 289; Rutter and Sparkes (2012) 60, 62; Schultz and Wilberding (2022) 56; Segev (2017) 134; Simon (2021) 12, 18, 62, 123, 206, 254, 287; Steiner (2001) 158, 186, 187; Tor (2017) 80, 89, 263, 354; Trott (2019) 122; Waldner et al (2016) 24; Álvarez (2019) 58, 61, 63
27. ἴδμεν ψεύδεα πολλὰ λέγειν ἐτύμοισιν ὁμοῖα,
71. νισσομένων πατέρʼ εἰς ὅν· ὃ δʼ οὐρανῷ ἐμβασιλεύει,
81. ὅν τινα τιμήσωσι Διὸς κοῦραι μεγάλοιο 82. γεινόμενόν τε ἴδωσι διοτρεφέων βασιλήων, 83. τῷ μὲν ἐπὶ γλώσσῃ γλυκερὴν χείουσιν ἐέρσην, 84. τοῦ δʼ ἔπεʼ ἐκ στόματος ῥεῖ μείλιχα· οἱ δέ τε λαοὶ 85. πάντες ἐς αὐτὸν ὁρῶσι διακρίνοντα θέμιστας 86. ἰθείῃσι δίκῃσιν· ὃ δʼ ἀσφαλέως ἀγορεύων 87. αἶψά κε καὶ μέγα νεῖκος ἐπισταμένως κατέπαυσεν· 88. τοὔνεκα γὰρ βασιλῆες ἐχέφρονες, οὕνεκα λαοῖς 89. βλαπτομένοις ἀγορῆφι μετάτροπα ἔργα τελεῦσι 90. ῥηιδίως, μαλακοῖσι παραιφάμενοι ἐπέεσσιν. 91. ἐρχόμενον δʼ ἀνʼ ἀγῶνα θεὸν ὣς ἱλάσκονται 92. αἰδοῖ μειλιχίῃ, μετὰ δὲ πρέπει ἀγρομένοισιν·
120. ἠδʼ Ἔρος, ὃς κάλλιστος ἐν ἀθανάτοισι θεοῖσι,'
154. ὅσσοι γὰρ Γαίης τε καὶ Οὐρανοῦ ἐξεγένοντο, 155. δεινότατοι παίδων, σφετέρῳ δʼ ἤχθοντο τοκῆι
180. μακρὴν καρχαρόδοντα, φίλου δʼ ἀπὸ μήδεα πατρὸς
183. ὅσσαι γὰρ ῥαθάμιγγες ἀπέσσυθεν αἱματόεσσαι, 184. πάσας δέξατο Γαῖα· περιπλομένων δʼ ἐνιαυτῶν 185. γείνατʼ Ἐρινῦς τε κρατερὰς μεγάλους τε Γίγαντας, 186. τεύχεσι λαμπομένους, δολίχʼ ἔγχεα χερσὶν ἔχοντας, 187. Νύμφας θʼ ἃς Μελίας καλέουσʼ ἐπʼ ἀπείρονα γαῖαν. 188. μήδεα δʼ ὡς τὸ πρῶτον ἀποτμήξας ἀδάμαντι 189. κάββαλʼ ἀπʼ ἠπείροιο πολυκλύστῳ ἐνὶ πόντῳ, 190. ὣς φέρετʼ ἂμ πέλαγος πουλὺν χρόνον, ἀμφὶ δὲ λευκὸς 191. ἀφρὸς ἀπʼ ἀθανάτου χροὸς ὤρνυτο· τῷ δʼ ἔνι κούρη 192. ἐθρέφθη· πρῶτον δὲ Κυθήροισιν ζαθέοισιν 193. ἔπλητʼ, ἔνθεν ἔπειτα περίρρυτον ἵκετο Κύπρον. 194. ἐκ δʼ ἔβη αἰδοίη καλὴ θεός, ἀμφὶ δὲ ποίη 195. ποσσὶν ὕπο ῥαδινοῖσιν ἀέξετο· τὴν δʼ Ἀφροδίτην 196. ἀφρογενέα τε θεὰν καὶ ἐυστέφανον Κυθέρειαν 197. κικλῄσκουσι θεοί τε καὶ ἀνέρες, οὕνεκʼ ἐν ἀφρῷ 198. θρέφθη· ἀτὰρ Κυθέρειαν, ὅτι προσέκυρσε Κυθήροις· 199. Κυπρογενέα δʼ, ὅτι γέντο πολυκλύστῳ ἐνὶ Κύπρῳ· 200. ἠδὲ φιλομμηδέα, ὅτι μηδέων ἐξεφαάνθη. 201. τῇ δʼ Ἔρος ὡμάρτησε καὶ Ἵμερος ἕσπετο καλὸς
328. τόν ῥʼ Ἥρη θρέψασα Διὸς κυδρὴ παράκοιτις
392. εἶπε δʼ, ὃς ἂν μετὰ εἷο θεῶν Τιτῆσι μάχοιτο,
411. ἢ δʼ ὑποκυσαμένη Ἑκάτην τέκε, τὴν περὶ πάντων 412. Ζεὺς Κρονίδης τίμησε· πόρεν δέ οἱ ἀγλαὰ δῶρα, 413. μοῖραν ἔχειν γαίης τε καὶ ἀτρυγέτοιο θαλάσσης. 414. ἣ δὲ καὶ ἀστερόεντος ἀπʼ οὐρανοῦ ἔμμορε τιμῆς 415. ἀθανάτοις τε θεοῖσι τετιμένη ἐστὶ μάλιστα. 416. καὶ γὰρ νῦν, ὅτε πού τις ἐπιχθονίων ἀνθρώπων 417. ἔρδων ἱερὰ καλὰ κατὰ νόμον ἱλάσκηται, 418. κικλῄσκει Ἑκάτην. πολλή τέ οἱ ἕσπετο τιμὴ 419. ῥεῖα μάλʼ, ᾧ πρόφρων γε θεὰ ὑποδέξεται εὐχάς, 420. καί τέ οἱ ὄλβον ὀπάζει, ἐπεὶ δύναμίς γε πάρεστιν. 421. ὅσσοι γὰρ Γαίης τε καὶ Οὐρανοῦ ἐξεγένοντο 422. καὶ τιμὴν ἔλαχον, τούτων ἔχει αἶσαν ἁπάντων. 423. οὐδέ τί μιν Κρονίδης ἐβιήσατο οὐδέ τʼ ἀπηύρα, 424. ὅσσʼ ἔλαχεν Τιτῆσι μετὰ προτέροισι θεοῖσιν, 425. ἀλλʼ ἔχει, ὡς τὸ πρῶτον ἀπʼ ἀρχῆς ἔπλετο δασμός, 426. οὐδʼ, ὅτι μουνογενής, ἧσσον θεὰ ἔμμορε τιμῆς, 4
27. καὶ γέρας ἐν γαίῃ τε καὶ οὐρανῷ ἠδὲ θαλάσσῃ· 428. ἀλλʼ ἔτι καὶ πολὺ μᾶλλον, ἐπεὶ Ζεὺς τίεται αὐτήν. 429. ᾧ δʼ ἐθέλει, μεγάλως παραγίγνεται ἠδʼ ὀνίνησιν· 430. ἔν τʼ ἀγορῇ λαοῖσι μεταπρέπει, ὅν κʼ ἐθέλῃσιν· 431. ἠδʼ ὁπότʼ ἐς πόλεμον φθεισήνορα θωρήσσωνται 432. ἀνέρες, ἔνθα θεὰ παραγίγνεται, οἷς κʼ ἐθέλῃσι 433. νίκην προφρονέως ὀπάσαι καὶ κῦδος ὀρέξαι. 434. ἔν τε δίκῃ βασιλεῦσι παρʼ αἰδοίοισι καθίζει, 435. ἐσθλὴ δʼ αὖθʼ ὁπότʼ ἄνδρες ἀεθλεύωσιν ἀγῶνι, 436. ἔνθα θεὰ καὶ τοῖς παραγίγνεται ἠδʼ ὀνίνησιν· 437. νικήσας δὲ βίῃ καὶ κάρτεϊ καλὸν ἄεθλον 438. ῥεῖα φέρει χαίρων τε, τοκεῦσι δὲ κῦδος ὀπάζει. 439. ἐσθλὴ δʼ ἱππήεσσι παρεστάμεν, οἷς κʼ ἐθέλῃσιν. 440. καὶ τοῖς, οἳ γλαυκὴν δυσπέμφελον ἐργάζονται, 441. εὔχονται δʼ Ἑκάτῃ καὶ ἐρικτύπῳ Ἐννοσιγαίῳ, 442. ῥηιδίως ἄγρην κυδρὴ θεὸς ὤπασε πολλήν, 443. ῥεῖα δʼ ἀφείλετο φαινομένην, ἐθέλουσά γε θυμῷ. 444. ἐσθλὴ δʼ ἐν σταθμοῖσι σὺν Ἑρμῇ ληίδʼ ἀέξειν· 445. βουκολίας δʼ ἀγέλας τε καὶ αἰπόλια πλατέʼ αἰγῶν 446. ποίμνας τʼ εἰροπόκων ὀίων, θυμῷ γʼ ἐθέλουσα, 447. ἐξ ὀλίγων βριάει κἀκ πολλῶν μείονα θῆκεν. 448. οὕτω τοι καὶ μουνογενὴς ἐκ μητρὸς ἐοῦσα 449. πᾶσι μετʼ ἀθανάτοισι τετίμηται γεράεσσιν. 450. θῆκε δέ μιν Κρονίδης κουροτρόφον, οἳ μετʼ ἐκείνην 451. ὀφθαλμοῖσιν ἴδοντο φάος πολυδερκέος Ἠοῦς. 452. οὕτως ἐξ ἀρχῆς κουροτρόφος, αἳ δέ τε τιμαί. 453. Ῥείη δὲ δμηθεῖσα Κρόνῳ τέκε φαίδιμα τέκνα, 454. Ἱστίην Δήμητρα καὶ Ἥρην χρυσοπέδιλον 455. ἴφθιμόν τʼ Ἀίδην, ὃς ὑπὸ χθονὶ δώματα ναίει 456. νηλεὲς ἦτορ ἔχων, καὶ ἐρίκτυπον Ἐννοσίγαιον 457. Ζῆνά τε μητιόεντα, θεῶν πατέρʼ ἠδὲ καὶ ἀνδρῶν, 458. τοῦ καὶ ὑπὸ βροντῆς πελεμίζεται εὐρεῖα χθών. 459. καὶ τοὺς μὲν κατέπινε μέγας Κρόνος, ὥς τις ἕκαστος 460. νηδύος ἐξ ἱερῆς μητρὸς πρὸς γούναθʼ ἵκοιτο, 461. τὰ φρονέων, ἵνα μή τις ἀγαυῶν Οὐρανιώνων 462. ἄλλος ἐν ἀθανάτοισιν ἔχοι βασιληίδα τιμήν. 463. πεύθετο γὰρ Γαίης τε καὶ Οὐρανοῦ ἀστερόεντος, 464. οὕνεκά οἱ πέπρωτο ἑῷ ὑπὸ παιδὶ δαμῆναι 465. καὶ κρατερῷ περ ἐόντι, Διὸς μεγάλου διὰ βουλάς· 466. τῷ ὅ γʼ ἄρʼ οὐκ ἀλαὸς σκοπιὴν ἔχεν, ἀλλὰ δοκεύων 467. παῖδας ἑοὺς κατέπινε· Ῥέην δʼ ἔχε πένθος ἄλαστον. 468. ἀλλʼ ὅτε δὴ Δίʼ ἔμελλε θεῶν πατέρʼ ἠδὲ καὶ ἀνδρῶν 469. τέξεσθαι, τότʼ ἔπειτα φίλους λιτάνευε τοκῆας 470. τοὺς αὐτῆς, Γαῖάν τε καὶ Οὐρανὸν ἀστερόεντα, 4
71. μῆτιν συμφράσσασθαι, ὅπως λελάθοιτο τεκοῦσα 472. παῖδα φίλον, τίσαιτο δʼ ἐρινῦς πατρὸς ἑοῖο 473. παίδων θʼ, οὓς κατέπινε μέγας Κρόνος ἀγκυλομήτης. 474. οἳ δὲ θυγατρὶ φίλῃ μάλα μὲν κλύον ἠδʼ ἐπίθοντο, 475. καί οἱ πεφραδέτην, ὅσα περ πέπρωτο γενέσθαι 476. ἀμφὶ Κρόνῳ βασιλῆι καὶ υἱέι καρτεροθύμῳ. 477. πέμψαν δʼ ἐς Λύκτον, Κρήτης ἐς πίονα δῆμον, 478. ὁππότʼ ἄρʼ ὁπλότατον παίδων τέξεσθαι ἔμελλε, 479. Ζῆνα μέγαν· τὸν μέν οἱ ἐδέξατο Γαῖα πελώρη 480. Κρήτῃ ἐν εὐρείῃ τραφέμεν ἀτιταλλέμεναί τε. 4
81. ἔνθα μιν ἷκτο φέρουσα θοὴν διὰ νύκτα μέλαιναν 482. πρώτην ἐς Λύκτον· κρύψεν δέ ἑ χερσὶ λαβοῦσα 483. ἄντρῳ ἐν ἠλιβάτῳ, ζαθέης ὑπὸ κεύθεσι γαίης, 484. Αἰγαίῳ ἐν ὄρει πεπυκασμένῳ ὑλήεντι. 485. τῷ δὲ σπαργανίσασα μέγαν λίθον ἐγγυάλιξεν 486. Οὐρανίδῃ μέγʼ ἄνακτι, θεῶν προτέρῳ βασιλῆι. 487. τὸν τόθʼ ἑλὼν χείρεσσιν ἑὴν ἐσκάτθετο νηδὺν 488. σχέτλιος· οὐδʼ ἐνόησε μετὰ φρεσίν, ὥς οἱ ὀπίσσω 489. ἀντὶ λίθου ἑὸς υἱὸς ἀνίκητος καὶ ἀκηδὴς 490. λείπεθʼ, ὅ μιν τάχʼ ἔμελλε βίῃ καὶ χερσὶ δαμάσσας 491. τιμῆς ἐξελάειν, ὃ δʼ ἐν ἀθανάτοισι ἀνάξειν. 492. καρπαλίμως δʼ ἄρʼ ἔπειτα μένος καὶ φαίδιμα γυῖα 493. ηὔξετο τοῖο ἄνακτος· ἐπιπλομένων δʼ ἐνιαυτῶν 494. Γαίης ἐννεσίῃσι πολυφραδέεσσι δολωθεὶς 495. ὃν γόνον ἄψ ἀνέηκε μέγας Κρόνος ἀγκυλομήτης 496. νικηθεὶς τέχνῃσι βίηφί τε παιδὸς ἑοῖο. 497. πρῶτον δʼ ἐξέμεσεν λίθον, ὃν πύματον κατέπινεν· 498. τὸν μὲν Ζεὺς στήριξε κατὰ χθονὸς εὐρυοδείης 499. Πυθοῖ ἐν ἠγαθέῃ γυάλοις ὕπο Παρνησοῖο 500. σῆμʼ ἔμεν ἐξοπίσω, θαῦμα θνητοῖσι βροτοῖσιν.
510. τίκτε δʼ ὑπερκύδαντα Μενοίτιον ἠδὲ Προμηθέα 511. ποικίλον αἰολόμητιν, ἁμαρτίνοόν τʼ Ἐπιμηθέα 512. ὃς κακὸν ἐξ ἀρχῆς γένετʼ ἀνδράσιν ἀλφηστῇσιν· 513. πρῶτος γάρ ῥα Διὸς πλαστὴν ὑπέδεκτο γυναῖκα 514. παρθένον. ὑβριστὴν δὲ Μενοίτιον εὐρύοπα Ζεὺς
516. εἵνεκʼ ἀτασθαλίης τε καὶ ἠνορέης ὑπερόπλου. 517. Ἄτλας δʼ οὐρανὸν εὐρὺν ἔχει κρατερῆς ὑπʼ ἀνάγκης 518. πείρασιν ἐν γαίης, πρόπαρ Εσπερίδων λιγυφώνων, 519. ἑστηὼς κεφαλῇ τε καὶ ἀκαμάτῃσι χέρεσσιν· 520. ταύτην γάρ οἱ μοῖραν ἐδάσσατο μητίετα Ζεύς. 521. δῆσε δʼ ἀλυκτοπέδῃσι Προμηθέα ποικιλόβουλον 522. δεσμοῖς ἀργαλέοισι μέσον διὰ κίονʼ ἐλάσσας· 523. καί οἱ ἐπʼ αἰετὸν ὦρσε τανύπτερον· αὐτὰρ ὅ γʼ ἧπαρ 524. ἤσθιεν ἀθάνατον, τὸ δʼ ἀέξετο ἶσον ἁπάντη 525. νυκτός ὅσον πρόπαν ἦμαρ ἔδοι τανυσίπτερος ὄρνις. 526. τὸν μὲν ἄρʼ Ἀλκμήνης καλλισφύρου ἄλκιμος υἱὸς 5
27. Ἡρακλέης ἔκτεινε, κακὴν δʼ ἀπὸ νοῦσον ἄλαλκεν 528. Ἰαπετιονίδῃ καὶ ἐλύσατο δυσφροσυνάων 529. οὐκ ἀέκητι Ζηνὸς Ὀλυμπίου ὑψιμέδοντος, 530. ὄφρʼ Ἡρακλῆος Θηβαγενέος κλέος εἴη 531. πλεῖον ἔτʼ ἢ τὸ πάροιθεν ἐπὶ χθόνα πουλυβότειραν. 532. ταῦτʼ ἄρα ἁζόμενος τίμα ἀριδείκετον υἱόν· 533. καί περ χωόμενος παύθη χόλου, ὃν πρὶν ἔχεσκεν, 534. οὕνεκʼ ἐρίζετο βουλὰς ὑπερμενέι Κρονίωνι. 535. καὶ γὰρ ὅτʼ ἐκρίνοντο θεοὶ θνητοί τʼ ἄνθρωποι 536. Μηκώνῃ, τότʼ ἔπειτα μέγαν βοῦν πρόφρονι θυμῷ 537. δασσάμενος προέθηκε, Διὸς νόον ἐξαπαφίσκων. 538. τοῖς μὲν γὰρ σάρκας τε καὶ ἔγκατα πίονα δημῷ 539. ἐν ῥινῷ κατέθηκε καλύψας γαστρὶ βοείῃ, 540. τῷ δʼ αὖτʼ ὀστέα λευκὰ βοὸς δολίῃ ἐπὶ τέχνῃ 541. εὐθετίσας κατέθηκε καλύψας ἀργέτι δημῷ. 542. δὴ τότε μιν προσέειπε πατὴρ ἀνδρῶν τε θεῶν τε· 543. Ἰαπετιονίδη, πάντων ἀριδείκετʼ ἀνάκτων, 544. ὦ πέπον, ὡς ἑτεροζήλως διεδάσσαο μοίρας. 545. ὣς φάτο κερτομέων Ζεὺς ἄφθιτα μήδεα εἰδώς. 546. τὸν δʼ αὖτε προσέειπε Προμηθεὺς ἀγκυλομήτης 547. ἦκʼ ἐπιμειδήσας, δολίης δʼ οὐ λήθετο τέχνης· 548. ζεῦ κύδιστε μέγιστε θεῶν αἰειγενετάων, 549. τῶν δʼ ἕλεʼ, ὁπποτέρην σε ἐνὶ φρεσὶ θυμὸς ἀνώγει. 550. Φῆ ῥα δολοφρονέων· Ζεὺς δʼ ἄφθιτα μήδεα εἰδὼς 551. γνῶ ῥʼ οὐδʼ ἠγνοίησε δόλον· κακὰ δʼ ὄσσετο θυμῷ 552. θνητοῖς ἀνθρώποισι, τὰ καὶ τελέεσθαι ἔμελλεν. 553. χερσὶ δʼ ὅ γʼ ἀμφοτέρῃσιν ἀνείλετο λευκὸν ἄλειφαρ. 554. χώσατο δὲ φρένας ἀμφί, χόλος δέ μιν ἵκετο θυμόν, 555. ὡς ἴδεν ὀστέα λευκὰ βοὸς δολίῃ ἐπὶ τέχνῃ. 556. ἐκ τοῦ δʼ ἀθανάτοισιν ἐπὶ χθονὶ φῦλʼ ἀνθρώπων 557. καίουσʼ ὀστέα λευκὰ θυηέντων ἐπὶ βωμῶν. 558. τὸν δὲ μέγʼ ὀχθήσας προσέφη νεφεληγερέτα Ζεύς· 559. Ἰαπετιονίδη, πάντων πέρι μήδεα εἰδώς, 560. ὦ πέπον, οὐκ ἄρα πω δολίης ἐπιλήθεο τέχνης. 561. ὣς φάτο χωόμενος Ζεὺς ἄφθιτα μήδεα εἰδώς· 562. ἐκ τούτου δὴ ἔπειτα δόλου μεμνημένος αἰεὶ 563. οὐκ ἐδίδου Μελίῃσι πυρὸς μένος ἀκαμάτοιο 564. θνητοῖς ἀνθρώποις, οἳ ἐπὶ χθονὶ ναιετάουσιν. 565. ἀλλά μιν ἐξαπάτησεν ἐὺς πάις Ἰαπετοῖο 566. κλέψας ἀκαμάτοιο πυρὸς τηλέσκοπον. αὐγὴν 567. ἐν κοΐλῳ νάρθηκι· δάκεν δέ ἑ νειόθι θυμόν, 568. Ζῆνʼ ὑψιβρεμέτην, ἐχόλωσε δέ μιν φίλον ἦτορ, 569. ὡς ἴδʼ ἐν ἀνθρώποισι πυρὸς τηλέσκοπον αὐγήν. 570. αὐτίκα δʼ ἀντὶ πυρὸς τεῦξεν κακὸν ἀνθρώποισιν· 5
71. γαίης γὰρ σύμπλασσε περικλυτὸς Ἀμφιγυήεις 572. παρθένῳ αἰδοίῃ ἴκελον Κρονίδεω διὰ βουλάς. 573. ζῶσε δὲ καὶ κόσμησε θεὰ γλαυκῶπις Ἀθήνη 574. ἀργυφέη ἐσθῆτι· κατὰ κρῆθεν δὲ καλύπτρην 575. δαιδαλέην χείρεσσι κατέσχεθε, θαῦμα ἰδέσθαι· 576. ἀμφὶ δέ οἱ στεφάνους, νεοθηλέος ἄνθεα ποίης, 577. ἱμερτοὺς περίθηκε καρήατι Παλλὰς Ἀθήνη. 578. ἀμφὶ δέ οἱ στεφάνην χρυσέην κεφαλῆφιν ἔθηκε, 579. τὴν αὐτὸς ποίησε περικλυτὸς Ἀμφιγυήεις 580. ἀσκήσας παλάμῃσι, χαριζόμενος Διὶ πατρί. 5
81. τῇ δʼ ἐνὶ δαίδαλα πολλὰ τετεύχατο, θαῦμα ἰδέσθαι, 582. κνώδαλʼ, ὅσʼ ἤπειρος πολλὰ τρέφει ἠδὲ θάλασσα, 583. τῶν ὅ γε πόλλʼ ἐνέθηκε,—χάρις δʼ ἀπελάμπετο πολλή,— 584. θαυμάσια, ζῴοισιν ἐοικότα φωνήεσσιν. 585. αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ δὴ τεῦξε καλὸν κακὸν ἀντʼ ἀγαθοῖο. 586. ἐξάγαγʼ, ἔνθα περ ἄλλοι ἔσαν θεοὶ ἠδʼ ἄνθρωποι, 587. κόσμῳ ἀγαλλομένην γλαυκώπιδος ὀβριμοπάτρης. 588. θαῦμα δʼ ἔχʼ ἀθανάτους τε θεοὺς θνητούς τʼ ἀνθρώπους, 589. ὡς εἶδον δόλον αἰπύν, ἀμήχανον ἀνθρώποισιν. 590. ἐκ τῆς γὰρ γένος ἐστὶ γυναικῶν θηλυτεράων, 591. τῆς γὰρ ὀλώιόν ἐστι γένος καὶ φῦλα γυναικῶν, 592. πῆμα μέγʼ αἳ θνητοῖσι μετʼ ἀνδράσι ναιετάουσιν 593. οὐλομένης πενίης οὐ σύμφοροι, ἀλλὰ κόροιο. 594. ὡς δʼ ὁπότʼ ἐν σμήνεσσι κατηρεφέεσσι μέλισσαι 595. κηφῆνας βόσκωσι, κακῶν ξυνήονας ἔργων— 596. αἳ μέν τε πρόπαν ἦμαρ ἐς ἠέλιον καταδύντα 597. ἠμάτιαι σπεύδουσι τιθεῖσί τε κηρία λευκά, 598. οἳ δʼ ἔντοσθε μένοντες ἐπηρεφέας κατὰ σίμβλους 599. ἀλλότριον κάματον σφετέρην ἐς γαστέρʼ ἀμῶνται— 600. ὣς δʼ αὔτως ἄνδρεσσι κακὸν θνητοῖσι γυναῖκας 601. Ζεὺς ὑψιβρεμέτης θῆκεν, ξυνήονας ἔργων 602. ἀργαλέων· ἕτερον δὲ πόρεν κακὸν ἀντʼ ἀγαθοῖο· 603. ὅς κε γάμον φεύγων καὶ μέρμερα ἔργα γυναικῶν 604. μὴ γῆμαι ἐθέλῃ, ὀλοὸν δʼ ἐπὶ γῆρας ἵκοιτο 605. χήτεϊ γηροκόμοιο· ὅ γʼ οὐ βιότου ἐπιδευὴς 606. ζώει, ἀποφθιμένου δὲ διὰ κτῆσιν δατέονται 607. χηρωσταί· ᾧ δʼ αὖτε γάμου μετὰ μοῖρα γένηται, 608. κεδνὴν δʼ ἔσχεν ἄκοιτιν ἀρηρυῖαν πραπίδεσσι, 609. τῷ δέ τʼ ἀπʼ αἰῶνος κακὸν ἐσθλῷ ἀντιφερίζει 610. ἐμμενές· ὃς δέ κε τέτμῃ ἀταρτηροῖο γενέθλης, 611. ζώει ἐνὶ στήθεσσιν ἔχων ἀλίαστον ἀνίην 612. θυμῷ καὶ κραδίῃ, καὶ ἀνήκεστον κακόν ἐστιν. 613. ὣς οὐκ ἔστι Διὸς κλέψαι νόον οὐδὲ παρελθεῖν. 614. οὐδὲ γὰρ Ἰαπετιονίδης ἀκάκητα Προμηθεὺς 615. τοῖό γʼ ὑπεξήλυξε βαρὺν χόλον, ἀλλʼ ὑπʼ ἀνάγκης 616. καὶ πολύιδριν ἐόντα μέγας κατὰ δεσμὸς ἐρύκει.
824. καὶ πόδες ἀκάματοι κρατεροῦ θεοῦ· ἐκ δέ οἱ ὤμων 825. ἣν ἑκατὸν κεφαλαὶ ὄφιος, δεινοῖο δράκοντος, 826. γλώσσῃσιν δνοφερῇσι λελιχμότες, ἐκ δέ οἱ ὄσσων 8
27. θεσπεσίῃς κεφαλῇσιν ὑπʼ ὀφρύσι πῦρ ἀμάρυσσεν· 828. πασέων δʼ ἐκ κεφαλέων πῦρ καίετο δερκομένοιο·
836. καί νύ κεν ἔπλετο ἔργον ἀμήχανον ἤματι κείνῳ 837. καί κεν ὅ γε θνητοῖσι καὶ ἀθανάτοισιν ἄναξεν, 838. εἰ μὴ ἄρʼ ὀξὺ νόησε πατὴρ ἀνδρῶν τε θεῶν τε.
844. καῦμα δʼ ὑπʼ ἀμφοτέρων κάτεχεν ἰοειδέα πόντον 845. βροντῆς τε στεροπῆς τε, πυρός τʼ ἀπὸ τοῖο πελώρου, 846. πρηστήρων ἀνέμων τε κεραυνοῦ τε φλεγέθοντος. 847. ἔζεε δὲ χθὼν πᾶσα καὶ οὐρανὸς ἠδὲ θάλασσα· 848. θυῖε δʼ ἄρʼ ἀμφʼ ἀκτὰς περί τʼ ἀμφί τε κύματα μακρὰ 849. ῥιπῇ ὕπʼ ἀθανάτων, ἔνοσις δʼ ἄσβεστος ὀρώρει· 850. τρέε δʼ Ἀίδης, ἐνέροισι καταφθιμένοισιν ἀνάσσων, 851. Τιτῆνές θʼ ὑποταρτάριοι, Κρόνον ἀμφὶς ἐόντες, 852. ἀσβέστου κελάδοιο καὶ αἰνῆς δηιοτῆτος. 853. Ζεὺς δʼ ἐπεὶ οὖν κόρθυνεν ἑὸν μένος, εἵλετο δʼ ὅπλα, 854. βροντήν τε στεροπήν τε καὶ αἰθαλόεντα κεραυνόν, 855. πλῆξεν ἀπʼ Οὐλύμποιο ἐπάλμενος· ἀμφὶ δὲ πάσας 856. ἔπρεσε θεσπεσίας κεφαλὰς δεινοῖο πελώρου. 857. αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ δή μιν δάμασεν πληγῇσιν ἱμάσσας, 858. ἤριπε γυιωθείς, στενάχιζε δὲ γαῖα πελώρη. 8
81. αὐτὰρ ἐπεί ῥα πόνον μάκαρες θεοὶ ἐξετέλεσσαν, 882. Τιτήνεσσι δὲ τιμάων κρίναντο βίηφι, 883. δή ῥα τότʼ ὤτρυνον βασιλευέμεν ἠδὲ ἀνάσσειν 884. Γαίης φραδμοσύνῃσιν Ὀλύμπιον εὐρύοπα Ζῆν 885. ἀθανάτων· ὃ δὲ τοῖσιν ἑὰς διεδάσσατο τιμάς. 886. Ζεὺς δὲ θεῶν βασιλεὺς πρώτην ἄλοχον θέτο Μῆτιν 887. πλεῖστα τε ἰδυῖαν ἰδὲ θνητῶν ἀνθρώπων. 888. ἀλλʼ ὅτε δὴ ἄρʼ ἔμελλε θεὰν γλαυκῶπιν Ἀθήνην 889. τέξεσθαι, τότʼ ἔπειτα δόλῳ φρένας ἐξαπατήσας 890. αἱμυλίοισι λόγοισιν ἑὴν ἐσκάτθετο νηδὺν 891. Γαίης φραδμοσύνῃσι καὶ Οὐρανοῦ ἀστερόεντος. 892. τὼς γάρ οἱ φρασάτην, ἵνα μὴ βασιληίδα τιμὴν 893. ἄλλος ἔχοι Διὸς ἀντὶ θεῶν αἰειγενετάων. 894. ἐκ γὰρ τῆς εἵμαρτο περίφρονα τέκνα γενέσθαι· 895. πρώτην μὲν κούρην γλαυκώπιδα Τριτογένειαν 896. ἶσον ἔχουσαν πατρὶ μένος καὶ ἐπίφρονα βουλήν. 897. αὐτὰρ ἔπειτʼ ἄρα παῖδα θεῶν βασιλῆα καὶ ἀνδρῶν 898. ἤμελλεν τέξεσθαι, ὑπέρβιον ἦτορ ἔχοντα· 899. ἀλλʼ ἄρα μιν Ζεὺς πρόσθεν ἑὴν ἐσκάτθετο νηδύν, 900. ὡς δή οἱ φράσσαιτο θεὰ ἀγαθόν τε κακόν τε. 901. δεύτερον ἠγάγετο λιπαρὴν Θέμιν, ἣ τέκεν Ὥρας, 902. Εὐνουμίην τε Δίκην τε καὶ Εἰρήνην τεθαλυῖαν, 903. αἳ ἔργʼ ὠρεύουσι καταθνητοῖσι βροτοῖσι, 904. Μοίρας θʼ, ᾗ πλείστην τιμὴν πόρε μητίετα Ζεύς, 905. Κλωθώ τε Λάχεσίν τε καὶ Ἄτροπον, αἵτε διδοῦσι 906. θνητοῖς ἀνθρώποισιν ἔχειν ἀγαθόν τε κακόν τε. 907. τρεῖς δέ οἱ Εὐρυνομη Χάριτας τέκε καλλιπαρῄους, 908. Ὠκεανοῦ κούρη, πολυήρατον εἶδος ἔχουσα, 909. Ἀγλαΐην τε καὶ Εὐφροσύνην Θαλίην τʼ ἐρατεινήν· 910. τῶν καὶ ἀπὸ βλεφάρων ἔρος εἴβετο δερκομενάων 911. λυσιμελής· καλὸν δέ θʼ ὑπʼ ὀφρύσι δερκιόωνται. 912. αὐτὰρ ὁ Δήμητρος πολυφόρβης ἐς λέχος ἦλθεν, 913. ἣ τέκε Περσεφόνην λευκώλενον, ἣν Ἀιδωνεὺς 914. ἥρπασε ἧς παρὰ μητρός· ἔδωκε δὲ μητίετα Ζεύς. 915. μνημοσύνης δʼ ἐξαῦτις ἐράσσατο καλλικόμοιο, 916. ἐξ ἧς οἱ Μοῦσαι χρυσάμπυκες ἐξεγένοντο 917. ἐννέα, τῇσιν ἅδον θαλίαι καὶ τέρψις ἀοιδῆς. 918. Λητὼ δʼ Ἀπόλλωνα καὶ Ἄρτεμιν ἰοχέαιραν, 919. ἱμερόεντα γόνον περὶ πάντων Οὐρανιώνων, 920. γείνατʼ ἄρʼ αἰγιόχοιο Διὸς φιλότητι μιγεῖσα. 921. λοισθοτάτην δʼ Ἥρην θαλερὴν ποιήσατʼ ἄκοιτιν· 922. ἣ δʼ Ἥβην καὶ Ἄρηα καὶ Εἰλείθυιαν ἔτικτε 923. μιχθεῖσʼ ἐν φιλότητι θεῶν βασιλῆι καὶ ἀνδρῶν. 924. αὐτὸς δʼ ἐκ κεφαλῆς γλαυκώπιδα Τριτογένειαν 925. δεινὴν ἐγρεκύδοιμον ἀγέστρατον Ἀτρυτώνην 926. πότνιαν, ᾗ κέλαδοί τε ἅδον πόλεμοί τε μάχαι τε, 9
27. Ἥρη δʼ Ἥφαιστον κλυτὸν οὐ φιλότητι μιγεῖσα 928. γείνατο, καὶ ζαμένησε καὶ ἤρισε ᾧ παρακοίτῃ, 929. Ἥφαιστον, φιλότητος ἄτερ Διὸς αἰγιόχοιο, 929. Μῆτις δʼ αὖτε Ζηνὸς ὑπὸ σπλάγχνοις λελαθυῖα 929. ἀθανάτων ἐκέκασθʼ οἳ Ὀλύμπια δώματʼ ἔχουσιν, 929. αἰγίδα ποιήσασα φοβέστρατον ἔντος Ἀθήνης· 929. αὐτὰρ ὅ γʼ Ὠκεανοῦ καὶ Τηθύος ἠυκόμοιο 929. δείσας, μὴ τέξῃ κρατερώτερον ἄλλο κεραυνοῦ. 929. ἔνθα θεὰ παρέδεκτο ὅθεν παλάμαις περὶ πάντων 929. ἐκ πάντων παλάμῃσι κεκασμένον Οὐρανιώνων· 929. ἐκ ταύτης δʼ ἔριδος ἣ μὲν τέκε φαίδιμον υἱὸν 929. ἐξαπαφὼν Μῆτιν καίπερ πολυδήνεʼ ἐοῦσαν. 929. ἧστο, Ἀθηναίης μήτηρ, τέκταινα δικαίων 929. κάππιεν ἐξαπίνης· ἣ δʼ αὐτίκα Παλλάδʼ Ἀθήνην 929. κούρῃ νόσφʼ Ἥρης παρελέξατο καλλιπαρήῳ, 929. κύσατο· τὴν μὲν ἔτικτε πατὴρ ἀνδρῶν τε θεῶν τε 929. πὰρ κορυφὴν Τρίτωνος ἐπʼ ὄχθῃσιν ποταμοῖο. 929. πλεῖστα θεῶν τε ἰδυῖα καταθνητῶν τʼ ἀνθρώπων, 929. σὺν τῇ ἐγείνατό μιν πολεμήια τεύχεʼ ἔχουσαν. 929. συμμάρψας δʼ ὅ γε χερσὶν ἑὴν ἐγκάτθετο νηδὺν 929. τοὔνεκά μιν Κρονίδης ὑψίζυγος αἰθέρι ναίων 929. Ἥρη δὲ ζαμένησε καὶ ἤρισε ᾧ παρακοίτῃ. 929. ἐκ πάντων τέχνῃσι κεκασμένον Οὐρανιώνων. 930. Ἐκ δʼ Ἀμφιτρίτης καὶ ἐρικτύπου Ἐννοσιγαίου 931. Τρίτων εὐρυβίης γένετο μέγας, ὅστε θαλάσσης 932. πυθμένʼ ἔχων παρὰ μητρὶ φίλῃ καὶ πατρὶ ἄνακτι 933. ναίει χρύσεα δῶ, δεινὸς θεός. αὐτὰρ Ἄρηι 934. ῥινοτόρῳ Κυθέρεια Φόβον καὶ Δεῖμον ἔτικτε 935. δεινούς, οἵτʼ ἀνδρῶν πυκινὰς κλονέουσι φάλαγγας 936. ἐν πολέμῳ κρυόεντι σὺν Ἄρηι πτολιπόρθῳ, 937. Ἁρμονίην θʼ, ἣν Κάδμος ὑπέρθυμος θέτʼ ἄκοιτιν. 938. Ζηνὶ δʼ ἄρʼ Ἀτλαντὶς Μαίη τέκε κύδιμον Ἑρμῆν, 939. κήρυκʼ ἀθανάτων, ἱερὸν λέχος εἰσαναβᾶσα. 940. Καδμείη δʼ ἄρα οἱ Σεμέλη τέκε φαίδιμον υἱὸν 941. μιχθεῖσʼ ἐν φιλότητι, Διώνυσον πολυγηθέα, 942. ἀθάνατον θνητή· νῦν δʼ ἀμφότεροι θεοί εἰσιν. 943. Ἀλκμήνη δʼ ἄρʼ ἔτικτε βίην Ἡρακληείην 944. μιχθεῖσʼ ἐν φιλότητι Διὸς νεφεληγερέταο. 945. ἀγλαΐην δʼ Ἥφαιστος, ἀγακλυτὸς ἀμφιγυήεις, 946. ὁπλοτάτην Χαρίτων θαλερὴν ποιήσατʼ ἄκοιτιν. 947. χρυσοκόμης δὲ Διώνυσος ξανθὴν Ἀριάδνην, 948. κούρην Μίνωος, θαλερὴν ποιήσατʼ ἄκοιτιν. 949. τὴν δέ οἱ ἀθάνατον καὶ ἀγήρω θῆκε Κρονίων.
953. αἰδοίην θέτʼ ἄκοιτιν ἐν Οὐλύμπῳ νιφόεντι,
986. αὐτὰρ ὑπαὶ Κεφάλῳ φιτύσατο φαίδιμον υἱόν, 987. ἴφθιμον Φαέθοντα, θεοῖς ἐπιείκελον ἄνδρα. 988. τόν ῥα νέον τέρεν ἄνθος ἔχοντʼ ἐρικυδέος ἥβης 989. παῖδʼ ἀταλὰ φρονέοντα φιλομμειδὴς Ἀφροδίτη 990. ὦρτʼ ἀναρεψαμένη, καί μιν ζαθέοις ἐνὶ νηοῖς '. None | 27. Those daughters of Lord Zeus proclaimed to me:
71. The Graces and Desire dwelt quite free
81. In heaven, once Cronus he’d subjugated 82. As to the immortals he disseminated 83. Their rights. Lord Zeus begat this company 84. of Muses, Thalia, Melpomene, 85. Clio, Euterpe and Terpsichory, 86. And Polyhymnia, Calliope, 87. Urania, Erato: but the best 88. of all of them, deferred to by the rest 89. of all the Muses is Calliope 90. Because the kings blest by divinity 91. She serves. Each god-nursed king whom they adore, 92. Beholding him at birth, for him they pour
120. Tell how the gods and Earth first came to be,'
154. The wily Cronus, such a dreadful son 155. To lusty Heaven, the vilest of all these
180. And so devised a piece of cleverness,
183. Her scheme to all her brood in consolation, 184. Although her heart was sore with indignation. 185. “Children, your father’s sinful, so hear me,” 186. She said, “that he might pay the penalty.” 187. They stood in silent fear at what she’d said, 188. But wily Cronus put aside his dread 189. And answered, “I will do what must be done, 190. Mother. I don’t respect The Evil One.” 191. At what he said vast Earth was glad at heart 192. And in an ambush set her child apart 193. And told him everything she had in mind. 194. Great Heaven brought the night and, since he pined 195. To couple, lay with Earth. Cronus revealed 196. Himself from where he had been well concealed, 197. Stretched out one hand and with the other gripped 198. The great, big, jagged sickle and then ripped 199. His father’s genitals off immediately 200. And cast them down, nor did they fruitlessly 201. Descend behind him, because Earth conceived
328. Across the sea and slain Eurytion
392. of daughters who received the godly grace
411. In fact three thousand of them, every one 412. Neat-ankled, spread through his dominion, 413. Serving alike the earth and mighty seas, 414. And all of them renowned divinities. 415. They have as many brothers, thundering 416. As on they flow, begotten by the king 417. of seas on Tethys. Though it’s hard to tell 418. Their names, yet they are known from where they dwell. 419. Hyperion lay with Theia, and she thu 420. Bore clear Selene and great Heliu 421. And Eos shining on all things on earth 422. And on the gods who dwell in the wide berth 423. of heaven. Eurybia bore great Astraeu 424. And Pallas, having mingled with Crius; 425. The bright goddess to Perses, too, gave birth, 426. Who was the wisest man on all the earth; 4
27. Eos bore the strong winds to Astraeus, 428. And Boreas, too, and brightening Zephyru 429. And Notus, born of two divinities. 430. The star Eosphorus came after these, 431. Birthed by Eugeneia, ‘Early-Born’, 432. Who came to be the harbinger of Dawn, 433. And heaven’s gleaming stars far up above. 434. And Ocean’s daughter Styx was joined in love 435. To Pelias – thus trim-ankled Victory 436. And Zeal first saw the light of day; and she 437. Bore Strength and Force, both glorious children: they 438. Dwell in the house of Zeus; they’ve no pathway 439. Or dwelling that’s without a god as guide, 440. And ever they continue to reside 441. With Zeus the Thunderer; thus Styx had planned 442. That day when Lightning Zeus sent a command 443. That all the gods to broad Olympus go 444. And said that, if they helped him overthrow 445. The Titans, then he vowed not to bereave 446. Them of their rights but they would still receive 447. The rights they’d had before, and, he explained, 448. To those who under Cronus had maintained 449. No rights or office he would then entrust 450. Those very privileges, as is just. 451. So deathless Styx, with all her progeny, 452. Was first to go, through the sagacity 453. of her fear father, and Zeus gave her fame 454. With splendid gifts, and through him she became 455. The great oath of the gods, her progeny 456. Allowed to live with him eternally. 457. He kept his vow, continuing to reign 458. Over them all. Then Phoebe once again 459. With Coeus lay and brought forth the goddess, 460. Dark-gowned Leto, so full of gentlene 461. To gods always – she was indeed 462. The gentlest of the gods. From Coeus’ seed 463. Phoebe brought forth Asterie, aptly named, 464. Whom Perseus took to his great house and claimed 465. As his dear wife, and she bore Hecate, 466. Whom Father Zeus esteemed exceedingly. 467. He gave her splendid gifts that she might keep 468. A portion of the earth and barren deep. 469. Even now, when a man, according to convention, 470. offers great sacrifices, his intention 4
71. To beg good will he calls on Hecate. 472. He whom the goddess looks on favourably 473. Easily gains great honour. She bestow 474. Prosperity upon him. Among those 475. Born of both Earth and Ocean who possessed 476. Illustriousness she was likewise blest. 477. Lord Zeus, the son of Cronus, did not treat 478. Her grievously and neither did he cheat 479. Her of what those erstwhile divinities, 480. The Titans, gave her: all the libertie 4
81. They had from the beginning in the sea 482. And on the earth and in the heavens, she 483. Still holds. And since Hecate does not posse 484. Siblings, of honour she receives no less, 485. Since Zeus esteems her, nay, she gains yet more. 486. To those she chooses she provides great store 487. of benefits. As intermediary, 488. She sits beside respected royalty. 489. In the assembly those who are preferred 490. By her she elevates, and when men gird 491. Themselves for deadly battle, there she’ll be 492. To grant to those she chooses victory 493. And glory. She is helpful, too, when men 494. Contend in games, for she is present then 495. To see the strongest gain the victory 496. And win with ease the rich prize joyfully, 497. Ennobling his parents. She aids, too, 498. The horsemen she espouses and those who 499. Are forced to ply the grey and stormy sea 500. And prey to Poseidon and Queen Hecate,
510. Young children from the moment that they first 511. Looked on the light of day. But Rhea bore 512. To Cronus awe-inspiring children, for 513. They were Demeter, Hestia and gold-shod 514. Hera and strong Hades, a pitiless god
516. And loudly shakes the very earth and he 517. Who is the ruler of all gods and men, 518. Whose thunder stirs the spacious earth. But when 519. Each left the womb and reached its mother’s knees, 520. Great Cronus gulped it down that none of these 521. Proud sons should rule on high, for he had found, 522. of Earth and starry Heaven, that he was bound 523. To be subdued by one of them, strong though 524. He was, through mighty Zeus’s plan, and so 525. He kept keen watch and ate his progeny. 526. Rhea was filled with endless grief, and she, 5
27. About to birth great Zeus, who would hold sway 528. As father of all gods and men one day, 529. She begged her loving parents that they might 530. Concoct a plan to keep her out of sight 531. While birthing her dear child, that they might see 532. Revenge for crafty Cronus’ progeny. 533. They heard their darling one and acquiesced, 534. And what was bound to happen they impressed 535. Upon her. So they sent her to rich Crete, 536. To Lyctus, when her hour was near complete 537. To bear great Zeus, her youngest progeny. 538. Vast earth received him from her then, that she 539. Might rear him in broad Crete. For there indeed 540. She took him through the murky night with speed. 541. She placed him in her arms and then concealed 542. Him where earth’s recesses can’t be revealed, 543. Within a yawning cave where, all around 544. The mountain called Aegeum, trees abound. 545. But then she gave the mighty heavenly king 546. A massive boulder wrapped in swaddling. 547. The scoundrel took the thing and swallowed it, 548. Because he clearly did not have the wit 549. To know his son had been replaced and lay 550. Behind him, safe and sound, and soon one day 551. Would strongly crush him, making him bereft 552. of all his honours, he himself then left 553. To rule Olympus. After that his power 554. And glorious limbs expanded by the hour; 555. The wily Cronus, as the years rolled on, 556. Deceived by Earth’s wise words, let loose his son, 557. Whose arts and strength had conquered him. Then he 558. Disgorged the boulder he had formerly 559. Gulped down. In holy Pytho, far below 560. Parnassus’ glens, Zeus set it down to show 561. The marvel to all men, and he set free 562. His father’s brothers whose captivity 563. Cronus had caused in his great foolishness, 564. And they were grateful for his kindliness, 565. So lightning and loud thunder they revealed 566. To him in recompense, which were concealed 567. Before by vast Earth, and he trusts in these 568. And rules all men and all divinities. 569. Iapetus wed neat-ankled Clymene, 570. The child of Ocean, and their progeny 5
71. Were mighty Atlas, fine Menoetiu 572. And clever, treacherous Prometheus, 573. And mad Epimetheus, to mortality 574. A torment from the very first, for he 575. Married the maid whom Zeus had formed. But Zeu 576. At villainous Menoetius let loose 577. His lurid bolt because his vanity 578. And strength had gone beyond the boundary 579. of moderation: down to Erebu 580. He went headlong. Atlas was tirele 5
81. In holding up wide Heaven, forced to stand 582. Upon the borders of this earthly land 583. Before the clear-voiced daughters of the West, 584. A task assigned at wise Zeus’s behest. 585. Zeus bound clever Prometheus cruelly 586. With bonds he could not break apart, then he 587. Drove them into a pillar, setting there 588. A long-winged eagle which began to tear 589. His liver, which would regrow every day 590. So that the bird could once more take away 591. What had been there before. Heracles, the son 592. of trim-ankled Clymene, was the one 593. Who slew that bird and from his sore distre 594. Released Prometheus – thus his wretchedne 595. Was over, and it was with Zeus’s will, 596. Who planned that hero would be greater still 597. Upon the rich earth than he was before. 598. Lord Zeus then took these things to heart therefore; 599. He ceased the anger he had felt when he 600. Had once been matched in ingenuity 601. By Prometheus, for when several gods and men 602. Had wrangled at Mecone, even then 603. Prometheus calved a giant ox and set 604. A share before each one, trying to get 605. The better of Lord Zeus – before the rest 606. He set the juicy parts, fattened and dressed 607. With the ox’s paunch, then very cunningly 608. For Zeus he took the white bones up, then he 609. Marked them with shining fat. “O how unfair,” 610. Spoke out the lord of gods and men, “to share 611. That way, most glorious lord and progeny 612. of Iapetus.” Zeus, whose sagacity 613. Is endless, thus rebuked him. With a smile 614. Prometheus, not forgetting his shrewd wile, 615. Said cleverly, “Take any part that you 616. Would have, great lord of all.” But Zeus well knew
824. Whether descending when the day is done 825. Or climbing back to Heaven. Day peacefully 826. Roams through the earth and the broad backs of the sea, 8
27. Benevolent to mortals; Night, however, 828. Displays a heart of iron, as ruthless ever
836. On those who enter he fawns at their feet, 837. Tail tucked, ears back, but blocks them if they try 838. To leave: indeed he keeps a watchful eye
844. Her glorious dwelling white columns abound, 845. Leading to Heaven. It is very rare 846. Swift-footed Iris brings a message there 847. Across the sea. When strife and feuds arise 848. Among the gods, or when one of them lie 849. Zeus sends for her to bring from far away, 850. In a golden jug, the great oaths gods must say, 851. Represented by the water, famed and cold, 852. That ever from a beetling rock has rolled. 853. From under earth a branch of Ocean flows: 854. Through Night out of the holy stream it goes. 855. A tenth part Iris owns. With nine streams he 856. Winds all around the earth and spacious sea 857. Into the main; but the share of the godde 858. Drops from the rock, a source of bitterne 8
81. of Chaos. But the glorious allie 882. of thunderous Zeus dwell where the Ocean lies, 883. Even Cottus and Gyes. But Briareus, 884. Because he is upright, the clamorou 885. Earth-Shaker made his son-in-law, for he 886. Gave him in marriage to his progeny 887. Cymopolea. When Zeus, in the war, 888. Drove the Titans out of Heaven, huge Earth bore 889. Her youngest child Typhoeus with the aid 890. of golden Aphrodite, who had bade 891. Her lie with Tartarus. In everything 892. He did the lad was strong, untiring 893. When running, and upon his shoulders spread 894. A hundred-headed dragon, full of dread, 895. Its dark tongues flickering, and from below 896. His eyes a flashing flame was seen to glow; 897. And from each head shot fire as he glared 898. And from each head unspeakable voices blared: 899. Sometimes a god could understand the sound 900. They made, but sometimes, echoing around, 901. A bull, unruly, proud and furious, 902. Would sound, sometimes a lion, mercile 903. At heart, sometimes – most wonderful to hear – 904. The sound of whelps was heard, sometimes the ear 905. Would catch a hissing sound, which then would change 906. To echoing along the mountain range. 907. Something beyond all help would have that day 908. Occurred and over men and gods hold sway 909. Had Zeus not quickly seen it: mightily 910. And hard he thundered so that terribly 911. The earth resounded, as did Tartarus, 912. Wide Heaven and the streams of Oceanus, 913. And at his feet the mighty Heaven reeled 914. As he arose. The earth groaned, thunder pealed 915. And lightning flashed, and to the dark-blue sea, 916. From them and from the fiery prodigy, 917. The scorching winds and blazing thunderbolt, 918. Came heat, the whole earth seething in revolt 919. With both the sky and sea, while round the strand 920. Long waves rage at the onslaught of the band 921. of gods. An endless shaking, too, arose, 922. And Hades, who has sovereignty over those 923. Who are deceased, shook, and the Titan horde 924. Beneath that Hell, residing with the lord 925. Cronus, shook too at the disharmony 926. And dreadful clamour. When his weaponry, 9
27. Thunder and lightning, Zeus had seized, his might 928. Well-shored, from high Olympus he took flight, 929. Lashed out at him and burned that prodigy, 930. Igniting all those wondrous heads. When he 931. Had conquered him, belabouring him so 932. That he became a maimed wreck, down below 933. He hurled him. From the earth a loud groan came, 934. And from the thunder-stricken lord a flame 935. Shot forth in the dim, mountain-hollows when 936. He was attacked. Much of the earth was then 937. Scorched by a terrible vapour, liquefied 938. As tin by youths is brought to heat inside 939. Well-channelled crucibles, or iron, too, 940. The hardest of all things, which men subdue 941. With fire in mountain-glens and with the glow 942. Causes the sacred earth to melt: just so 943. The earth now fused, and to wide Tartaru 944. In bitter anger Zeus cast Typhoeus, 945. From whom unruly, wet winds issued forth, 946. Except the Zephyr, and the South and North, 947. For they are sent by the gods and are to all 948. A boon; the others, though, fitfully fall 949. Upon the sea, and there some overthrow
953. And blooming earth, where recklessly they spoil
986. And fair Thaleia, whose glance lovingly 987. Melted the limbs of all. Indeed the eye 988. of all of them were fit to hypnotize 989. Those whom they looked upon; and furthermore 990. He wed nourishing Demeter, who then bore '. None |
|
7. Homer, Iliad, 1.4, 1.34-1.42, 1.62-1.64, 1.86, 1.103-1.104, 1.108, 1.188-1.222, 1.396-1.406, 1.443-1.447, 1.502-1.510, 1.530, 1.602, 2.6, 2.19, 2.24, 2.75, 2.108, 2.124, 2.148, 2.150-2.151, 2.155-2.181, 2.190-2.197, 2.239, 2.241-2.242, 2.303, 2.412, 2.419-2.420, 2.446-2.448, 2.484-2.641, 2.645-2.725, 2.729-2.759, 2.868, 3.125-3.127, 3.259, 3.264-3.266, 3.270-3.301, 3.320-3.323, 3.329, 3.396-3.397, 3.424, 4.5-4.19, 4.22-4.25, 4.29, 4.36, 4.59, 4.64-4.134, 4.141-4.145, 4.515, 5.116, 5.123, 5.127-5.128, 5.333, 5.338, 5.418-5.419, 5.428-5.429, 5.438-5.442, 5.721, 5.732-5.739, 5.748-5.752, 5.755-5.766, 5.784, 5.815-5.863, 5.875-5.876, 5.880-5.881, 5.890-5.894, 5.896, 5.905-5.906, 5.908, 6.132-6.133, 6.187, 6.208, 6.254, 6.269-6.279, 6.289, 6.292-6.311, 7.132-7.156, 8.19, 8.407-8.408, 8.421-8.422, 9.189, 9.254-9.258, 9.309-9.313, 9.363, 9.379-9.391, 9.393-9.416, 9.447, 9.454-9.456, 9.478-9.479, 9.487-9.489, 9.501, 9.533, 9.557-9.559, 9.561, 9.564-9.565, 9.574-9.576, 9.581-9.583, 9.588, 9.635-9.637, 9.648, 11.270-11.271, 11.714-11.717, 11.727-11.729, 13.59-13.61, 13.72, 13.95-13.124, 13.220, 13.223, 13.237, 14.114, 14.153, 14.166-14.186, 14.194, 14.198-14.201, 14.215-14.216, 14.219-14.220, 14.231-14.255, 14.260-14.353, 15.104, 15.184-15.199, 15.203-15.204, 15.251-15.252, 16.233, 16.431-16.434, 17.555-17.569, 18.108-18.111, 18.115-18.122, 18.168, 18.394-18.395, 18.398, 18.400-18.401, 18.490-18.508, 18.516-18.519, 18.591-18.592, 18.599, 19.28-19.36, 19.119, 21.211-21.226, 21.284-21.304, 21.308-21.323, 21.330-21.376, 21.462-21.466, 23.75, 23.85-23.90, 24.35, 24.69, 24.126, 24.128-24.132, 24.146-24.158, 24.174-24.187, 24.340-24.342, 24.347-24.348, 24.424, 24.457-24.460, 24.480-24.483 (8th cent. BCE - 7th cent. BCE)
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Found in books: Barbato (2020) 83, 183; Bernabe et al (2013) 10, 45, 102, 125, 133, 278; Bickerman and Tropper (2007) 287, 620; Bierl (2017) 67, 68, 229, 230, 231; Bowie (2021) 65, 120, 121, 232, 727; Braund and Most (2004) 22, 44, 47, 64, 71, 113, 203; Bremmer (2008) 23, 25, 157; Brule (2003) 48; Castagnoli and Ceccarelli (2019) 265; Del Lucchese (2019) 33; Edmonds (2019) 230; Edmondson (2008) 206; Edmunds (2021) 81, 82, 90; Eidinow and Kindt (2015) 157, 161, 169; Ekroth (2013) 189; Farrell (2021) 101, 145, 161, 247; Finkelberg (2019) 133, 142, 200, 242, 244, 291, 299, 315; Gagné (2020) 119; Gaifman (2012) 84; Graver (2007) 3, 133; Greensmith (2021) 278, 312; Henderson (2020) 7, 149; Hesk (2000) 36, 70; Hubbard (2014) 235; Humphreys (2018) 646; Hunter (2018) 48, 151, 152, 153; Jenkyns (2013) 242; Jim (2022) 12, 26, 47, 48; Johnson (2008) 91, 143; Johnston (2008) 134; Jouanna (2018) 11, 54, 150, 153, 156, 158, 365, 634, 677; Kirichenko (2022) 8, 28, 49, 52, 54, 55, 56, 57; Konig (2022) 327; Kowalzig (2007) 171, 173, 209, 246, 251, 329, 345, 349; Lalone (2019) 12, 22, 34, 35, 52, 59, 61, 72, 96, 97, 110, 111, 112, 116, 168; Legaspi (2018) 28, 29, 42; Liatsi (2021) 5, 139; Lipka (2021) 28, 30, 31, 32, 40, 42, 44, 53, 76, 84, 174; Lupu(2005) 281; Lyons (1997) 36, 95, 99; Maciver (2012) 97, 179; Marek (2019) 120, 474; Mcclellan (2019) 35; Meister (2019) 24, 135; Mikalson (2016) 256, 280; Miller and Clay (2019) 73; Morrison (2020) 62; Naiden (2013) 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 26, 59, 121, 140, 143, 144, 164, 185, 321, 333; Nuno et al (2021) 221; Panoussi(2019) 211, 240; Papadodima (2022) 62; Petrovic and Petrovic (2016) 157; Pinheiro et al (2012a) 69; Pirenne-Delforge and Pironti (2022) 15, 19, 20, 31, 43, 46, 48, 50, 68, 77, 82, 243, 276, 289; Potter Suh and Holladay (2021) 633; Raaflaub Ober and Wallace (2007) 26; Repath and Whitmarsh (2022) 73; Rohland (2022) 112; Rutledge (2012) 162; Schwartz (2008) 360; Seaford (2018) 4; Simon (2021) 12, 163, 180, 199, 205, 238, 239, 244, 247, 248, 249, 253, 254, 256, 261, 281, 282, 297, 333, 384; Sommerstein and Torrance (2014) 1, 22, 28, 133, 139, 141, 154; Stavrianopoulou (2006) 207; Stavrianopoulou (2013) 234; Steiner (2001) 98, 135, 196; Stephens and Winkler (1995) 438; Tanaseanu-Döbler and von Alvensleben (2020) 123, 268, 313, 331, 332, 334, 339, 387, 392, 398, 399, 400, 404, 406, 407, 409; Thonemann (2020) 129; Tor (2017) 259, 263, 354; Trapp et al (2016) 10, 76; Waldner et al (2016) 16, 23, 24, 26, 33, 42; de Jáuregui et al. (2011) 191; Álvarez (2019) 58
1.4. ἡρώων, αὐτοὺς δὲ ἑλώρια τεῦχε κύνεσσιν
1.34. βῆ δʼ ἀκέων παρὰ θῖνα πολυφλοίσβοιο θαλάσσης· 1.35. πολλὰ δʼ ἔπειτʼ ἀπάνευθε κιὼν ἠρᾶθʼ ὃ γεραιὸς' ... '24.481. φῶτα κατακτείνας ἄλλων ἐξίκετο δῆμον 24.482. ἀνδρὸς ἐς ἀφνειοῦ, θάμβος δʼ ἔχει εἰσορόωντας, 24.483. ὣς Ἀχιλεὺς θάμβησεν ἰδὼν Πρίαμον θεοειδέα·''. None | 1.4. The wrath sing, goddess, of Peleus' son, Achilles, that destructive wrath which brought countless woes upon the Achaeans, and sent forth to Hades many valiant souls of heroes, and made them themselves spoil for dogs and every bird; thus the plan of Zeus came to fulfillment, " '
1.34. as she walks to and fro before the loom and serves my bed. But go, do not anger me, that you may return the safer. So he spoke, and the old man was seized with fear and obeyed his word. He went forth in silence along the shore of the loud-resounding sea, and earnestly then, when he had gone apart, the old man prayed 1.35. to the lord Apollo, whom fair-haired Leto bore:Hear me, god of the silver bow, who stand over Chryse and holy Cilla, and rule mightily over Tenedos, Sminthian god, if ever I roofed over a temple to your pleasing, or if ever I burned to you fat thigh-pieces of bulls and goats, ' ... '24.482. And as when sore blindness of heart cometh upon a man, that in his own country slayeth another and escapeth to a land of strangers, to the house of some man of substance, and wonder holdeth them that look upon him; even so was Achilles seized with wonder at sight of godlike Priam, and seized with wonder were the others likewise, and they glanced one at the other. 24.483. And as when sore blindness of heart cometh upon a man, that in his own country slayeth another and escapeth to a land of strangers, to the house of some man of substance, and wonder holdeth them that look upon him; even so was Achilles seized with wonder at sight of godlike Priam, and seized with wonder were the others likewise, and they glanced one at the other. ' ". None |
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8. Homeric Hymns, To Aphrodite, 5, 61, 198-199, 209 (8th cent. BCE - 7th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Achilles, Athena and • Acropolis, Athens, Charites and Eros, cults of • Acropolis, Athens, votive plaque of Aphrodite with Eros and Himeros • Aphrodite, Athena and • Athena • Athena Parthenos, Pheidias’,, iconography • Athena, A. Hêphaestia • Athena, Aphrodite and • Athena, Hera and • Athena, and Hephaestus • Athena, in Judgment of Paris scenes • Athens, Aphrodite/Urania in the Gardens, sanctuary of • Athens, Charites, cult of • Athens, Pandora cult • Athens, politicisation of myth • Charites (Graces), Athens and cult of • Hephaestus, and Athena • Hera, Athena and • votives, Charites and Eros, votive relief of, from Acropolis, Athens • votives, plaque of Aphrodite with Eros and Himeros, Acropolis, Athens
Found in books: Bremmer (2008) 23, 26; Farrell (2021) 104; Lipka (2021) 58; Rutter and Sparkes (2012) 62; Simon (2021) 253, 254, 259, 261, 268
| 5. On earth and in the sea. They all hold dear
61. The Graces bathed her with the oil that’s seen
198. Are the most godlike, being fair of face'199. And tall. Zeus seized golden-haired Ganymede
209. High-stepping horses such as carry men. '. None |
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9. None, None, nan (8th cent. BCE - 7th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Athena, • Athena, in battle • Athens, • Peloponnesian War, Athens and Delian theoria in • tribute, to Athens, blurring of religious and monetary in choral dance • tribute, to Athens, problematic Ionikos prosodos
Found in books: Bowie (2021) 171, 188, 196, 476, 746; Bremmer (2008) 216; Kowalzig (2007) 112
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10. None, None, nan (8th cent. BCE - 7th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Acropolis (Athens) • Acropolis, Athens, Charites and Eros, cults of • Agora (Athens) • Ajax, and Athena • Aphrodite, Athena and • Apollodorus of Athens • Argos, Palladium of Athena and • Artemis, Athena and • Athena • Athena (Pallas), in guise of Mentor • Athena (Pallas/Minerva) • Athena (goddess) • Athena Hippia • Athena Onga • Athena Parthenos, in the Odyssey • Athena Saitis • Athena Soteira Nike, and Zeus Soter • Athena Soteira Nike, on Mt Boreius • Athena, • Athena, A. Hêphaestia • Athena, Aphrodite and • Athena, Artemis and • Athena, Athena Ellenios • Athena, Hera and • Athena, Nike • Athena, Polias • Athena, Poseidon and • Athena, Zeus and • Athena, and Hephaestus • Athena, and Odysseus • Athena, and Orestes • Athena, as armed/warrior goddess • Athena, as palace goddess • Athena, birth of • Athena, heroes, special relationship with • Athena, horses associated with • Athena, in Judgment of Paris scenes • Athena, in Troy • Athena, on Rhodes • Athena, on Rhodes, pooling Rhodian traditions • Athena, origins and development • Athena, ships invented by • Athene • Athens • Athens and Athenians, vs. Spartans • Athens, Athenian • Athens, Athenians • Athens, Charites, cult of • Athens, and Dionysos • Athens, and Procne myth • Athens, and identity • Athens, asembly • Athens, comic vision of • Charites (Graces), Athens and cult of • Egypt/Egyptians, Athena and • Hephaestus, and Athena • Hera, Athena and • Heracles, sanctuary near Ilissus (Athens) • Homer, Odyssey, Athena • Metapontion, Athens and • Minoan-Mycenaean religion and art, Athena in • Nilsson, Martin, on Athena • Odysseus, Athena and • Odysseus, and Athena • Odyssey, and Athena • Pherecydes of Athens • Poseidon, Athena and • Procne, myth of,, and Athens • Sparta, and Athens, institutions • Theatre of Dionysus (Athens) • Thebes, Athena in • Tiryns, Archaic inscriptions to Athena at • Zeus, Athena and • contest between Athena and Poseidon • disguise, Athena • horses, Athena associated with • intermediaries, divine, Athena • intermediaries, divine, Athena, assistance of • intermediaries, divine, Athena, encouragement of • intermediaries, divine, Athena, guide • intermediaries, divine, Athena, protectress • plague, in Athens • storm scenes, Athena using Zeus’ thunderbolt • votives, Charites and Eros, votive relief of, from Acropolis, Athens
Found in books: Athanassaki and Titchener (2022) 4; Barbato (2020) 83; Bernabe et al (2013) 46, 302; Bickerman and Tropper (2007) 574; Bierl (2017) 3, 17, 31; Blum and Biggs (2019) 35, 36, 37, 39, 40, 50, 120, 123, 221, 222, 235; Bortolani et al (2019) 223; Bowie (2021) 65, 120, 135, 232, 547, 651; Braund and Most (2004) 196; Bremmer (2008) 23, 26, 157; Clay and Vergados (2022) 31; Edmonds (2019) 157; Edmunds (2021) 90; Eidinow and Kindt (2015) 14, 157, 161; Farrell (2021) 97, 101, 105, 106, 107, 110, 168, 251, 284; Finkelberg (2019) 271; Fowler (2014) 159; Giusti (2018) 142; Goldhill (2022) 50; Gorain (2019) 122; Greensmith (2021) 4, 311; Gygax and Zuiderhoek (2021) 55; Henderson (2020) 7; Hesk (2000) 35, 36, 70, 74, 271; Horkey (2019) 168; Humphreys (2018) 34, 112, 646; Hunter (2018) 153; Jim (2022) 26, 122; Johnston (2008) 134; Johnston and Struck (2005) 288; Joho (2022) 266; Jouanna (2018) 634, 673; Kirichenko (2022) 45, 48, 49, 50, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 59, 60, 61; Konig (2022) 327; Kowalzig (2007) 261, 311; König (2012) 156; Legaspi (2018) 34, 38, 39, 40; Liatsi (2021) 7; Lightfoot (2021) 156; Lipka (2021) 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 40, 42, 45, 76; Lupu(2005) 29; Lyons (1997) 36, 91, 125; Maciver (2012) 162; Mikalson (2016) 256, 280; Miller and Clay (2019) 73, 178; Moss (2012) 27; Naiden (2013) 15, 16, 17, 18, 20, 26, 27, 29, 31, 92, 102, 119, 143, 144, 146, 159, 185, 237, 322, 333; Nuno et al (2021) 221; Papadodima (2022) 30, 62; Pirenne-Delforge and Pironti (2022) 15, 28, 38, 308; Raaflaub Ober and Wallace (2007) 26; Repath and Whitmarsh (2022) 14; Russell and Nesselrath (2014) 66; Rutter and Sparkes (2012) 127, 128; Simon (2021) 76, 165, 180, 200, 261; Steiner (2001) 97, 98, 99, 187, 195; Tanaseanu-Döbler and von Alvensleben (2020) 17, 158, 332, 380, 387, 391, 393, 396, 397, 400, 401, 403, 405, 406, 408; Toloni (2022) 23, 29, 50, 57; Tor (2017) 80, 263; Trapp et al (2016) 63; Vlassopoulos (2021) 75; Waldner et al (2016) 16, 23, 26, 34, 42; de Jáuregui et al. (2011) 101; Álvarez (2019) 61
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11. None, None, nan (8th cent. BCE - 8th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Athena • Athena Pronaia, Delphi • Athens • Athens, its own theoria to Delos
Found in books: Bierl (2017) 231; Clackson et al. (2020) 171; Kowalzig (2007) 83, 377; Lipka (2021) 52, 53
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12. None, None, nan (7th cent. BCE - 6th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Athena • Athena, • Athens • Athens, • Athens, Athenian
Found in books: Augoustakis (2014) 195; Bowie (2021) 485, 713; Edmonds (2019) 157; Lipka (2021) 76; Meister (2019) 55, 187; Verhagen (2022) 195
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13. None, None, nan (7th cent. BCE - 6th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Athena • Athena,
Found in books: Bowie (2021) 188; Raaflaub Ober and Wallace (2007) 37
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14. None, None, nan (7th cent. BCE - 6th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Athena • Athens, • Athens, Athenian
Found in books: Bowie (2021) 713; Meister (2019) 135
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15. None, None, nan (7th cent. BCE - 6th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Athena, • Athens, its own theoria to Delos • Metapontion, Athens and • tribute, religious, of cow and panoply to Athena
Found in books: Bowie (2021) 180; Kowalzig (2007) 86, 311
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16. Aeschylus, Agamemnon, 160-175, 177, 238, 341-342, 1036-1038, 1580 (6th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Acropolis, Athens, temples of Athena on • Aristophanes, Athens and festivals in • Athena • Athens • Athens, Aulis, portent at • Athens, as army, stratos • identity, in Eur. Ion, Athens, civic and religious • women, in Athens • wool, worked for Athena by parthenoi Herkeios • wool, worked for Athena by parthenoi Ktesios
Found in books: Fabian Meinel (2015) 176; Kirichenko (2022) 99, 113; Liatsi (2021) 7; Lipka (2021) 121; Parker (2005) 16; Petrovic and Petrovic (2016) 232, 233; Pillinger (2019) 33; Seaford (2018) 7, 125, 139; Shilo (2022) 207; Simon (2021) 354
160. Ζεύς, ὅστις ποτʼ ἐστίν, εἰ τόδʼ αὐ- 161. τῷ φίλον κεκλημένῳ, 162. τοῦτό νιν προσεννέπω. 163. οὐκ ἔχω προσεικάσαι 164. πάντʼ ἐπισταθμώμενος 165. πλὴν Διός, εἰ τὸ μάταν ἀπὸ φροντίδος ἄχθος 166. χρὴ βαλεῖν ἐτητύμως. Χορός 167. οὐδʼ ὅστις πάροιθεν ἦν μέγας, 168. παμμάχῳ θράσει βρύων,' '170. οὐδὲ λέξεται πρὶν ὤν· 171. ὃς δʼ ἔπειτʼ ἔφυ, τρια- 172. κτῆρος οἴχεται τυχών. 173. Ζῆνα δέ τις προφρόνως ἐπινίκια κλάζων 175. τεύξεται φρενῶν τὸ πᾶν· Χορός
177. σαντα, τὸν πάθει μάθος
238. βίᾳ χαλινῶν τʼ ἀναύδῳ μένει.
341. ἔρως δὲ μή τις πρότερον ἐμπίπτῃ στρατῷ 342. πορθεῖν ἃ μὴ χρή, κέρδεσιν νικωμένους.
1036. ἐπεί σʼ ἔθηκε Ζεὺς ἀμηνίτως δόμοις'1037. κοινωνὸν εἶναι χερνίβων, πολλῶν μέτα 1038. δούλων σταθεῖσαν κτησίου βωμοῦ πέλας·
1580. ἰδὼν ὑφαντοῖς ἐν πέπλοις, Ἐρινύων '. None | 160. Zeus, whosoe’er he be, — if that express 161. Aught dear to him on whom I call — 162. So do I him address. 163. I cannot liken out, by all 164. Admeasurement of powers, 165. Any but Zeus for refuge at such hours, 165. If veritably needs I must 166. From off my soul its vague care-burthen thrust. 167. Not — whosoever was the great of yore, 168. Bursting to bloom with bravery all round — 169. Is in our mouths: he was, but is no more. 170. And who it was that after came to be, 171. Met the thrice-throwing wrestler, — he 172. Is also gone to ground. 173. But 177. Appoints that suffering masterfully teach.
238. By dint of bit-violence bridling speech.
341. But see no prior lust befall the army 342. To sack things sacred — by gain-cravings vanquished
1036. Since Zeus — not angrily—in household placed thee '1037. Partaker of hand-sprinklings, with the many 1038. Slaves stationed, his the Owner’s altar close to.
1580. Seeing, as I have, i’ the spun robes of the Erinues, '. None |
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17. Aeschylus, Libation-Bearers, 306-475, 1024, 1027 (6th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Athena • Athena, Polias • Athena, and dike • Athena, intervening in Orestes favour • Athens • Athens, Athenian • Athens, Aulis, portent at • Orestes, purity in Athens • democracy, oaths in democratic Athens • sacrifices, at Athens
Found in books: Fabian Meinel (2015) 132, 138; Fletcher (2012) 55; Martin (2009) 197; Meister (2019) 132; Mikalson (2010) 61; Petrovic and Petrovic (2016) 133, 145, 164; Seaford (2018) 124, 130; Shilo (2022) 189
306. ἀλλʼ ὦ μεγάλαι Μοῖραι, Διόθεν 307. τῇδε τελευτᾶν, 308. τὸ δίκαιον μεταβαίνει. 309. ἀντὶ μὲν ἐχθρᾶς γλώσσης ἐχθρὰ 310. γλῶσσα τελείσθω· τοὐφειλόμενον 311. πράσσουσα Δίκη μέγʼ ἀυτεῖ· 312. ἀντὶ δὲ πληγῆς φονίας φονίαν 313. πληγὴν τινέτω. δράσαντι παθεῖν, 314. τριγέρων μῦθος τάδε φωνεῖ. Ὀρέστης 315. ὦ πάτερ αἰνόπατερ, τί σοι 316. φάμενος ἢ τί ῥέξας 317. τύχοιμʼ ἂν ἕκαθεν οὐρίσας, 318. ἔνθα σʼ ἔχουσιν εὐναί, 319. σκότῳ φάος ἀντίμοι- 320. ρον; χάριτες δʼ ὁμοίως 321. κέκληνται γόος εὐκλεὴς 322. προσθοδόμοις Ἀτρείδαις. Χορός 323. τέκνον, φρόνημα τοῦ 324. θανόντος οὐ δαμάζει 325. πυρὸς ἡ μαλερὰ γνάθος, 326. φαίνει δʼ ὕστερον ὀργάς· 327. ὀτοτύζεται δʼ ὁ θνῄσκων, 328. ἀναφαίνεται δʼ ὁ βλάπτων. 329. πατέρων τε καὶ τεκόντων 330. γόος ἔνδικος ματεύει 331. τὸ πᾶν ἀμφιλαφής ταραχθείς. Ἠλέκτρα 332. κλῦθὶ νυν, ὦ πάτερ, ἐν μέρει 333. πολυδάκρυτα πένθη. 334. δίπαις τοί σʼ ἐπιτύμβιος 335. θρῆνος ἀναστενάζει. 336. τάφος δʼ ἱκέτας δέδεκται 337. φυγάδας θʼ ὁμοίως. 338. τί τῶνδʼ εὖ, τί δʼ ἄτερ κακῶν; 339. οὐκ ἀτρίακτος ἄτα; Χορός 340. ἀλλʼ ἔτʼ ἂν ἐκ τῶνδε θεὸς χρῄζων 341. θείη κελάδους εὐφθογγοτέρους· 342. ἀντὶ δὲ θρήνων ἐπιτυμβιδίων 343. παιὰν μελάθροις ἐν βασιλείοις 344. νεοκρᾶτα φίλον κομίσειεν. Ὀρέστης 345. εἰ γὰρ ὑπʼ Ἰλίῳ 346. πρός τινος Λυκίων, πάτερ, 347. δορίτμητος κατηναρίσθης· 348. λιπὼν ἂν εὔκλειαν ἐν δόμοισι 349. τέκνων τʼ ἐν κελεύθοις 350. ἐπιστρεπτὸν αἰῶ 351. κτίσας πολύχωστον ἂν εἶχες 352. τάφον διαποντίου γᾶς 353. δώμασιν εὐφόρητον, Χορός 354. φίλος φίλοισι τοῖς 355. ἐκεῖ καλῶς θανοῦσιν 356. κατὰ χθονὸς ἐμπρέπων 357. σεμνότιμος ἀνάκτωρ, 358. πρόπολός τε τῶν μεγίστων 359. χθονίων ἐκεῖ τυράννων· 360. βασιλεὺς γὰρ ἦσθʼ, ὄφρʼ ἔζης, 361. μόριμον λάχος πιπλάντων 362. χεροῖν πεισίβροτόν τε βάκτρον. Ἠλέκτρα 363. μηδʼ ὑπὸ Τρωίας 364. τείχεσι φθίμενος, πάτερ, 365. μετʼ ἄλλῳ δουρικμῆτι λαῷ 366. παρὰ Σκαμάνδρου πόρον τεθάφθαι. 367. πάρος δʼ οἱ κτανόντες 368. νιν οὕτως δαμῆναι 369. φίλοις, θανατηφόρον αἶσαν 370. πρόσω τινὰ πυνθάνεσθαι 371. τῶνδε πόνων ἄπειρον. Χορός 372. ταῦτα μέν, ὦ παῖ, κρείσσονα χρυσοῦ, 373. μεγάλης δὲ τύχης καὶ ὑπερβορέου 374. μείζονα φωνεῖς· δύνασαι γάρ. 375. ἀλλὰ διπλῆς γὰρ τῆσδε μαράγνης 376. δοῦπος ἱκνεῖται· τῶν μὲν ἀρωγοὶ 377. κατὰ γῆς ἤδη, τῶν δὲ κρατούντων 378. χέρες οὐχ ὅσιαι στυγερῶν τούτων· 379. παισὶ δὲ μᾶλλον γεγένηται. Ὀρέστης 380. τοῦτο διαμπερὲς οὖς 381. ἵκεθʼ ἅπερ τι βέλος. 382. Ζεῦ Ζεῦ, κάτωθεν ἀμπέμπων 383. ὑστερόποινον ἄταν 384. βροτῶν τλάμονι καὶ πανούργῳ 385. χειρὶ—τοκεῦσι δʼ ὅμως τελεῖται. Χορός 386. ἐφυμνῆσαι γένοιτό μοι πυκά- 387. εντʼ ὀλολυγμὸν ἀνδρὸς 388. θεινομένου, γυναικός τʼ 389. ὀλλυμένας· τί γὰρ κεύθω φρενὸς οἷον ἔμπας 390. ποτᾶται; πάροιθεν δὲ πρῴρας 391. δριμὺς ἄηται κραδίας 392. θυμὸς ἔγκοτον στύγος. Ἠλέκτρα' '394. καί πότʼ ἂν ἀμφιθαλὴς 395. Ζεὺς ἐπὶ χεῖρα βάλοι, 396. φεῦ φεῦ, κάρανα δαΐξας; 397. πιστὰ γένοιτο χώρᾳ. 398. δίκαν δʼ ἐξ ἀδίκων ἀπαιτῶ. 399. κλῦτε δὲ Γᾶ χθονίων τε τιμαί. Χορός 400. ἀλλὰ νόμος μὲν φονίας σταγόνας 401. χυμένας ἐς πέδον ἄλλο προσαιτεῖν 402. αἷμα. βοᾷ γὰρ λοιγὸς Ἐρινὺν 403. παρὰ τῶν πρότερον φθιμένων ἄτην 404. ἑτέραν ἐπάγουσαν ἐπʼ ἄτῃ. Ὀρέστης 405. πόποι δὴ νερτέρων τυραννίδες, 406. ἴδετε πολυκρατεῖς Ἀραὶ φθινομένων, 407. ἴδεσθʼ Ἀτρειδᾶν τὰ λοίπʼ ἀμηχάνως 408. ἔχοντα καὶ δωμάτων 409. ἄτιμα. πᾷ τις τράποιτʼ ἄν, ὦ Ζεῦ; Χορός 410. πέπαλται δαὖτὲ μοι φίλον κέαρ 411. τόνδε κλύουσαν οἶκτον 412. καὶ τότε μὲν δύσελπις, 413. σπλάγχνα δέ μοι κελαινοῦ- 414. ται πρὸς ἔπος κλυούσᾳ. 415. ὅταν δʼ αὖτʼ ἐπʼ ἀλκῆς ἐπάρῃ μʼ 416. ἐλπὶς, ἀπέστασεν ἄχος 417. προσφανεῖσά μοι καλῶς. Ἠλέκτρα 418. τί δʼ ἂν φάντες τύχοιμεν ἢ τά περ 419. πάθομεν ἄχεα πρός γε τῶν τεκομένων; 420. πάρεστι σαίνειν, τὰ δʼ οὔτι θέλγεται. 421. λύκος γὰρ ὥστʼ ὠμόφρων 422. ἄσαντος ἐκ ματρός ἐστι θυμός. Χορός 423. ἔκοψα κομμὸν Ἄριον ἔν τε Κισσίας 424. νόμοις ἰηλεμιστρίας, 425. ἀπριγδόπληκτα πολυπλάνητα δʼ ἦν ἰδεῖν 426. ἐπασσυτεροτριβῆ τὰ χερὸς ὀρέγματα 427. ἄνωθεν ἀνέκαθεν, κτύπῳ δʼ ἐπερρόθει 428. κροτητὸν ἀμὸν καὶ πανάθλιον κάρα. Ἠλέκτρα 429. ἰὼ ἰὼ δαΐα 430. πάντολμε μᾶτερ, δαΐαις ἐν ἐκφοραῖς 431. ἄνευ πολιτᾶν ἄνακτʼ, 432. ἄνευ δὲ πενθημάτων 433. ἔτλας ἀνοίμωκτον ἄνδρα θάψαι. Ὀρέστης 434. τὸ πᾶν ἀτίμως ἔλεξας, οἴμοι. 435. πατρὸς δʼ ἀτίμωσιν ἆρα τείσει 436. ἕκατι μὲν δαιμόνων, 437. ἕκατι δʼ ἀμᾶν χερῶν; 438. ἔπειτʼ ἐγὼ νοσφίσας ὀλοίμαν. Χορός 439. ἐμασχαλίσθη δέ γʼ, ὡς τόδʼ εἰδῇς· 440. ἔπρασσε δʼ, ᾇπέρ νιν ὧδε θάπτει, 441. μόρον κτίσαι μωμένα 442. ἄφερτον αἰῶνι σῷ. 443. κλύεις πατρῴους δύας ἀτίμους. Ἠλέκτρα 445. λέγεις πατρῷον μόρον· ἐγὼ δʼ ἀπεστάτουν 446. ἄτιμος, οὐδὲν ἀξία· 447. μυχῷ δʼ ἄφερκτος πολυσινοῦς κυνὸς δίκαν 448. ἑτοιμότερα γέλωτος ἀνέφερον λίβη, 449. χέουσα πολύδακρυν γόον κεκρυμμένα. 450. τοιαῦτʼ ἀκούων ἐν φρεσὶν γράφου ˘ ¯ . Χορός 451. διʼ ὤτων δὲ συν- 452. τέτραινε μῦθον ἡσύχῳ φρενῶν βάσει. 453. τὰ μὲν γὰρ οὕτως ἔχει, 454. τὰ δʼ αὐτὸς ὄργα μαθεῖν. 455. πρέπει δʼ ἀκάμπτῳ μένει καθήκειν. Ὀρέστης 456. σὲ τοι λέγω, ξυγγενοῦ, πάτερ, φίλοις. Ἠλέκτρα 457. ἐγὼ δʼ ἐπιφθέγγομαι κεκλαυμένα. Χορός 458. στάσις δὲ πάγκοινος ἅδʼ ἐπιρροθεῖ· 459. ἄκουσον ἐς φάος μολών, 460. ξὺν δὲ γενοῦ πρὸς ἐχθρούς. Ὀρέστης 461. Ἄρης Ἄρει ξυμβαλεῖ, Δίκᾳ Δίκα. Ἠλέκτρα 462. ἰὼ θεοί, κραίνετʼ ἐνδίκως δίκας. Χορός 463. τρόμος μʼ ὑφέρπει κλύουσαν εὐγμάτων. 464. τὸ μόρσιμον μένει πάλαι, 465. εὐχομένοις δʼ ἂν ἔλθοι. Χορός 466. ὦ πόνος ἐγγενὴς 467. καὶ παράμουσος Ἄτας 468. αἱματόεσσα πλαγά. 469. ἰὼ δύστονʼ ἄφερτα κήδη· 470. ἰὼ δυσκατάπαυστον ἄλγος. Χορός 471. δώμασιν ἔμμοτον 472. τῶνδʼ ἄκος, οὐδʼ ἀπʼ ἄλλων 473. ἔκτοθεν, ἀλλʼ ἀπʼ αὐτῶν, 474. διʼ ὠμὰν ἔριν αἱματηράν. 475. θεῶν τῶν κατὰ γᾶς ὅδʼ ὕμνος. Χορός
1024. φρένες δύσαρκτοι· πρὸς δὲ καρδίᾳ φόβος'
1027. κτανεῖν τέ φημι μητέρʼ οὐκ ἄνευ δίκης, '. None | 306. You mighty Fates, through the power of Zeus grant fulfilment in the way to which Justice now turns. 311. Justice cries out as she exacts the debt, Orestes 315. O father, unhappy father, by what word or deed of mine can I succeed in sailing from far away to you, where your resting-place holds you, a light to oppose your darkness? 320. Yet a lament in honor of the Atreidae who once possessed our house is none the less a joyous service. Chorus 323. My child, the fire’s ravening jaw does not overwhelm the wits of the dead man, 325. but afterwards he reveals what stirs him. The murdered man has his dirge; the guilty man is revealed. Justified lament for fathers and for parents, 330. when raised loud and strong, makes its search everywhere. Electra 332. Hear then, O father, as in turn we mourn with plentiful tears. Look, your two children mourn you 335. in a dirge over your tomb. As suppliants and exiles as well they have sought a haven at your sepulchre. What of these things is good, what free of evil? Is it not hopeless to wrestle against doom? Chorus 340. Yet heaven, if it pleases, may still turn our utterance to more joyfully sounding strains. In place of dirges over a tomb, a song of triumph within the royal halls will welcome back a reunited friend. νεοκρᾶτα, newly-mixed. As friendship, when begun, was pledged by a loving-cup, so Orestes, after his long absence, is to be welcomed as a new friend. Orestes 345. Ah, my father, if only beneath 1024. But since I would have you know, for I do not know how it will end: I think I am a charioteer driving my team far beyond the course. For my ungoverned wits are whirling me away overmastered, and at my heart fear wishes to sing and dance to a tune of wrath. '
1027. But while I am still in my senses, I proclaim to those who hold me dear and declare that not without justice did I slay my mother, the unclean murderess of my father, and a thing loathed by the gods. And for the spells that gave me the courage for this deed I count Loxias, the prophet of Pytho, '. None |
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18. Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound, 29-31, 50 (6th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Athena • Athena, • Athens
Found in books: Del Lucchese (2019) 40; Lipka (2021) 102
29. θεὸς θεῶν γὰρ οὐχ ὑποπτήσσων χόλον'30. βροτοῖσι τιμὰς ὤπασας πέρα δίκης. 31. ἀνθʼ ὧν ἀτερπῆ τήνδε φρουρήσεις πέτραν
50. ἐλεύθερος γὰρ οὔτις ἐστὶ πλὴν Διός. Ἥφαιστος '. None | 29. when the sun shall scatter again the frost of morning. Evermore the burden of your present ill shall wear you out; for your deliverer is not yet born. Such is the prize you have gained for your championship of man. For, god though you are, you did not fear the wrath of the gods, but '30. you bestowed honors upon mortal creatures beyond their due. Therefore on this joyless rock you must stand sentinel, erect, sleepless, your knee unbent. And many a groan and unavailing lament you shall utter; for the heart of Zeus is hard,
50. no one is free except Zeus. Hephaestus '. None |
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19. None, None, nan (6th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Athens • Athens,
Found in books: Bowie (2021) 145, 520, 524, 525, 526; Gygax and Zuiderhoek (2021) 44; Horkey (2019) 168
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20. None, None, nan (6th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Acropolis in Athens • Alopeke deme,Athens, altars,swearing at • Areopagus, Athens • Athena • Athena (goddess) • Athena Nike • Athena Polias • Athena as poliadic deity of Athens • Athena as special god at Athens • Athena inviting Proclus • Athena the Gorgon-slayer,oaths, invoking • Athena, • Athena, Athena Pronaia • Athena, Lindia • Athena, Polias • Athena, and Orestes purity • Athena, and dike • Athena, and stability • Athena, and the Areopagus • Athena, daughter of Zeus • Athena, goddess • Athena, intervening in Orestes favour • Athena, oaths invoking • Athena, parthenos • Athena, special relations to Athens • Athena, statues of • Athena, titles of Hygieia • Athene • Athens • Athens and Argos • Athens and Argos (in tragedy) • Athens, Areopagos • Athens, Athenian • Athens, and myths • Athens, as army, stratos • Athens, civilizing mission of • Athens, historical background • Athens, need for unity • Gorgon-slayer (Athena),oaths invoking • Hymn to Athena • Orestes, purity in Athens • Pherekydes of Athens, • Zeus, and Athena • alliance with Athens (political, reality) • alliance with Athens (tragedy) • democracy, oaths in democratic Athens • homicide, court of the Areopagus in Athens • official oaths, Gerarai oath in Athens • women, in Athens • wool, worked for Athena by parthenoi Teleios • wool, worked for Athena by parthenoi and marriage
Found in books: Barbato (2020) 162; Bernabe et al (2013) 62, 64; Bickerman and Tropper (2007) 574; Brule (2003) 54; Castagnoli and Ceccarelli (2019) 109, 111; Csapo (2022) 202, 203; Del Lucchese (2019) 45, 46; Eidinow and Kindt (2015) 187; Ekroth (2013) 42; Fabian Meinel (2015) 130, 131, 132, 136, 137; Fletcher (2012) 55, 58, 66; Goldhill (2022) 28; Jenkyns (2013) 91; Jim (2022) 47; Jouanna (2012) 66; Jouanna (2018) 124; Kirichenko (2022) 99, 100, 103; Liatsi (2021) 7, 142; Lipka (2021) 100, 101, 102; Lupu(2005) 281; Lyons (1997) 111; Martin (2009) 125; Mikalson (2010) 111; Naiden (2013) 44, 48; Parker (2005) 86, 395, 413, 441; Petrovic and Petrovic (2016) 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 155, 157, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164; Raaflaub Ober and Wallace (2007) 116, 117; Seaford (2018) 139, 166; Shilo (2022) 24, 118, 136, 138, 139, 140, 177, 189, 194, 198, 205, 206, 207, 208; Sommerstein and Torrance (2014) 1, 14, 136, 150; Trott (2019) 127, 129, 130; d, Hoine and Martijn (2017) 18
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21. None, None, nan (6th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Athena • Athena Parthenos • Athens • asylum, in Athens • women, in Athens
Found in books: Csapo (2022) 202; Giusti (2018) 95; Kirichenko (2022) 98; Papadodima (2022) 143
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22. None, None, nan (6th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Alopeke deme,Athens, altars,swearing at • Athena • Athena, special relations to Athens • Athena, titles of Soteira • Athens • Athens and Argos (in tragedy) • alliance with Athens (tragedy) • women, in Athens • wool, worked for Athena by parthenoi Tropaios
Found in books: Henderson (2020) 149; Jim (2022) 48; Kirichenko (2022) 101, 102; Mikalson (2016) 280; Naiden (2013) 101; Papadodima (2022) 69; Parker (2005) 403; Sommerstein and Torrance (2014) 22, 60, 139
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23. None, None, nan (6th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Athena • Athens Ch.
Found in books: Edmunds (2021) 22; Eisenfeld (2022) 107
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24. None, None, nan (6th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Athena, titles of Phratria • Athens, Attica, • wool, worked for Athena by parthenoi Herkeios • wool, worked for Athena by parthenoi Phratrios
Found in books: Marincola et al (2021) 310; Parker (2005) 404
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25. None, None, nan (6th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Athens
Found in books: Augoustakis (2014) 223; Verhagen (2022) 223
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26. None, None, nan (6th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Athena Itonia in Thessaly, association with Thessalian cavalry • Athena Itonia in Thessaly, in military and political history • Athens • Oropos, and Athens • defending Greeks and democracies, outside Athens
Found in books: Augoustakis (2014) 223; Kowalzig (2007) 130; Lalone (2019) 47; Verhagen (2022) 223; Wilding (2022) 90
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27. None, None, nan (6th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Adrastus, flight to Athens • Aigina, Aiginetans, and Athens • Aigina, Aiginetans, rivalry with Athens • Athena • Athena, Athena Ellenios • Athens • Athens, Athenians, and Amphiaraos • Athens, and Panhellenism • Athens, at battle of Salamis • Oropos, and Athens
Found in books: Augoustakis (2014) 223; Barbato (2020) 183; Bernabe et al (2013) 46; Eisenfeld (2022) 79, 80, 107, 108, 109, 110; Kowalzig (2007) 202, 207, 209; Lipka (2021) 2; Papadodima (2022) 61; Verhagen (2022) 223; Wilding (2022) 29, 34
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28. None, None, nan (6th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Acropolis, Athens • Adrastus, flight to Athens • Athena • Athena (goddess), sanctuary at Syracuse • Athena Hippia • Athena Itonia in Boiotia, developed Archaic cult (Alkaios) • Athena Itonia in Thessaly, association with Thessalian cavalry • Athena Itonia in Thessaly, in military and political history • Athena Pronaia, Ptoion • Athena, Athena Pallas • Athena, Athens and • Athena, Halinitis • Athena, Hippia • Athena, Lindia • Athena, Palladium of • Athena, Pallas Athena • Athena, Poseidon and • Athena, Skiras • Athena, at Athens, Parthenos • Athena, at Athens, Rhodes competing for • Athena, birth • Athena, birth of • Athena, horses associated with • Athena, images and iconography • Athena, olive tree and • Athena, on Rhodes • Athena, on Rhodes, Ialysia • Athena, on Rhodes, Kameiras • Athena, on Rhodes, Lindia • Athena, on Rhodes, Pan-Rhodian • Athena, on Rhodes, archaeology of • Athena, on Rhodes, fireless sacrifice for • Athena, on Rhodes, oriental • Athena, on Rhodes, pooling Rhodian traditions • Athena, origins and development • Athena, ships invented by • Athens • Athens, Athena and • Athens, Athenian • Athens, Athenians, and Amphiaraos • Athens, and rituals • Athens, at Dodona • Athens, conventions of memorialization in • Corinth, incubation by Bellerophon at Athena sanctuary • Divinities (Greek and Roman), Athena Chalinitis • Minoan-Mycenaean religion and art, Athena in • Mycenae, limestone slab with Athena in form of Palladium • Nilsson, Martin, on Athena • Palladium of Athena • Pallas Athena • Poseidon, Athena and • Rhodes, Athena on • Rhodes, rivalry with Athens • aetiologies, specific, Athena on Rhodes • defending Greeks and democracies, outside Athens • democracy, in Athens, vs. tyranny • horses, Athena associated with • olive tree, Athena and • pillars/columns, Palladium of Athena • temple, of Athena Lindia • tribute, religious, of cow and panoply to Athena
Found in books: Barbato (2020) 183; Bernabe et al (2013) 87, 114; Bierl (2017) 218; Bremmer (2008) 84; Eidinow and Kindt (2015) 573; Eisenfeld (2022) 130; Ekroth (2013) 32, 172, 176, 298; Gagné (2020) 16; Gygax (2016) 120; Jouanna (2018) 680; Kirichenko (2022) 25, 95; Kowalzig (2007) 130, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 246, 248, 250, 251, 253, 255, 256, 257, 259, 260, 261, 263, 264, 265, 266, 338, 355; Lalone (2019) 46, 92; Lipka (2021) 186; Meister (2019) 78; Morrison (2020) 101; Naiden (2013) 59, 191; Pirenne-Delforge and Pironti (2022) 52, 154; Renberg (2017) 101, 102; Simon (2021) 75, 76, 201; Steiner (2001) 196, 265; Trapp et al (2016) 57; Waldner et al (2016) 24; Wilding (2022) 34
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29. None, None, nan (6th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Athena • Athena, Athena Pallas • Athens, khoroi of
Found in books: Bernabe et al (2013) 87; Kowalzig (2007) 57
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30. None, None, nan (6th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Aigina, Aiginetans, and Athens • Aigina, Aiginetans, rivalry with Athens • Ajax (Sophocles), Athena in • Ajax, and Athena • Athena • Athena Itonia, and Boiotian (warrior) identity • Athena Pronaia, Ismenion • Athena, as the voice of the gods • Athens • Athens, and Panhellenism • Athens, and Thebes • Athens/Athenian • Cimon of Athens • Heroes and heroines, of Athens • Theseus, hero of Athens • defending Greeks and democracies, outside Athens • democracy, in Athens, and Thebes • power, of Athena
Found in books: Bernabe et al (2013) 214, 215; Braund and Most (2004) 82; Eisenfeld (2022) 130; Gagné (2020) 217, 222; Jouanna (2018) 151, 369; Kowalzig (2007) 218, 371, 372; Mikalson (2003) 204; Morrison (2020) 101; Pirenne-Delforge and Pironti (2022) 20; Pucci (2016) 152
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31. Euripides, Alcestis, 119-120 (5th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Athena
Found in books: Ekroth (2013) 42; Naiden (2013) 143, 146, 159
| 119. Lady, thus keeping thy weary station without pause upon the floor of Thetis’ shrine, Phthian though I am, to thee a daughter of Asia I come,'120. to see if I can devise some remedy for these perplexing troubles, which have involved thee and Hermione in fell discord, because to thy sorrow thou '. None |
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32. Euripides, Bacchae, 22, 39, 48, 58-59, 133, 233, 274-283, 286-300, 439, 470, 482, 485-486, 538, 725, 728-774, 862 (5th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Athena • Athena, • Athena, Athena Pallas • Athens • Athens, Athenian • Constitution of Athens (Aristotle) • Diogenes of Athens • wool, worked for Athena by parthenoi and Dionysus • wool, worked for Athena by parthenoi private festivals of
Found in books: Bernabe et al (2013) 64, 141, 167, 177, 273, 279, 301, 302, 311, 317, 319; Del Lucchese (2019) 27; Jouanna (2018) 691; Liapis and Petrides (2019) 27; Lipka (2021) 109, 114; Papadodima (2022) 64, 65; Parker (2005) 325; Pucci (2016) 152, 169, 176; Álvarez (2019) 134
22. τελετάς, ἵνʼ εἴην ἐμφανὴς δαίμων βροτοῖς.
39. δεῖ γὰρ πόλιν τήνδʼ ἐκμαθεῖν, κεἰ μὴ θέλει,
48. πᾶσίν τε Θηβαίοισιν. ἐς δʼ ἄλλην χθόνα,
58. αἴρεσθε τἀπιχώριʼ ἐν πόλει Φρυγῶν 59. τύμπανα, Ῥέας τε μητρὸς ἐμά θʼ εὑρήματα,
133. συνῆψαν τριετηρίδων,'
233.
274. καθʼ Ἑλλάδʼ ἔσται. δύο γάρ, ὦ νεανία, 275. τὰ πρῶτʼ ἐν ἀνθρώποισι· Δημήτηρ θεά— 276. γῆ δʼ ἐστίν, ὄνομα δʼ ὁπότερον βούλῃ κάλει· 277. αὕτη μὲν ἐν ξηροῖσιν ἐκτρέφει βροτούς· 278. ὃς δʼ ἦλθʼ ἔπειτʼ, ἀντίπαλον ὁ Σεμέλης γόνος 279. βότρυος ὑγρὸν πῶμʼ ηὗρε κεἰσηνέγκατο 280. θνητοῖς, ὃ παύει τοὺς ταλαιπώρους βροτοὺς 281. λύπης, ὅταν πλησθῶσιν ἀμπέλου ῥοῆς, 282. ὕπνον τε λήθην τῶν καθʼ ἡμέραν κακῶν 283. δίδωσιν, οὐδʼ ἔστʼ ἄλλο φάρμακον πόνων. 287. μηρῷ; διδάξω σʼ ὡς καλῶς ἔχει τόδε. 288. ἐπεί νιν ἥρπασʼ ἐκ πυρὸς κεραυνίου 289. Ζεύς, ἐς δʼ Ὄλυμπον βρέφος ἀνήγαγεν θεόν, 290. Ἥρα νιν ἤθελʼ ἐκβαλεῖν ἀπʼ οὐρανοῦ· 291. Ζεὺς δʼ ἀντεμηχανήσαθʼ οἷα δὴ θεός. 292. ῥήξας μέρος τι τοῦ χθόνʼ ἐγκυκλουμένου 293. αἰθέρος, ἔθηκε τόνδʼ ὅμηρον ἐκδιδούς, 294. Διόνυσον Ἥρας νεικέων· χρόνῳ δέ νιν 295. βροτοὶ ῥαφῆναί φασιν ἐν μηρῷ Διός, 296. ὄνομα μεταστήσαντες, ὅτι θεᾷ θεὸς 297. Ἥρᾳ ποθʼ ὡμήρευσε, συνθέντες λόγον. 299. καὶ τὸ μανιῶδες μαντικὴν πολλὴν ἔχει· 300. ὅταν γὰρ ὁ θεὸς ἐς τὸ σῶμʼ ἔλθῃ πολύς, 4
39. γελῶν δὲ καὶ δεῖν κἀπάγειν ἐφίετο
470. ὁρῶν ὁρῶντα, καὶ δίδωσιν ὄργια. Πενθεύς
482. πᾶς ἀναχορεύει βαρβάρων τάδʼ ὄργια. Πενθεύς
485. τὰ δʼ ἱερὰ νύκτωρ ἢ μεθʼ ἡμέραν τελεῖς; Διόνυσος
486. νύκτωρ τὰ πολλά· σεμνότητʼ ἔχει σκότος. Πενθεύς
538. ἀναφαίνει χθόνιον
725. Ἴακχον ἀθρόῳ στόματι τὸν Διὸς γόνον 729. κἀγὼ ʼξεπήδησʼ ὡς συναρπάσαι θέλων, 730. λόχμην κενώσας ἔνθʼ ἐκρυπτόμην δέμας. 731. ἣ δʼ ἀνεβόησεν· Ὦ δρομάδες ἐμαὶ κύνες, 732. θηρώμεθʼ ἀνδρῶν τῶνδʼ ὕπʼ· ἀλλʼ ἕπεσθέ μοι, 733. ἕπεσθε θύρσοις διὰ χερῶν ὡπλισμέναι. 735. βακχῶν σπαραγμόν, αἳ δὲ νεμομέναις χλόην 736. μόσχοις ἐπῆλθον χειρὸς ἀσιδήρου μέτα. 737. καὶ τὴν μὲν ἂν προσεῖδες εὔθηλον πόριν 738. μυκωμένην ἔχουσαν ἐν χεροῖν δίχα, 7
39. ἄλλαι δὲ δαμάλας διεφόρουν σπαράγμασιν. 740. εἶδες δʼ ἂν ἢ πλεύρʼ ἢ δίχηλον ἔμβασιν 741. ῥιπτόμενʼ ἄνω τε καὶ κάτω· κρεμαστὰ δὲ 742. ἔσταζʼ ὑπʼ ἐλάταις ἀναπεφυρμένʼ αἵματι. 743. ταῦροι δʼ ὑβρισταὶ κἀς κέρας θυμούμενοι 744. τὸ πρόσθεν ἐσφάλλοντο πρὸς γαῖαν δέμας, 745. μυριάσι χειρῶν ἀγόμενοι νεανίδων. 746. θᾶσσον δὲ διεφοροῦντο σαρκὸς ἐνδυτὰ 747. ἢ σὲ ξυνάψαι βλέφαρα βασιλείοις κόραις. 7
48. χωροῦσι δʼ ὥστʼ ὄρνιθες ἀρθεῖσαι δρόμῳ 749. πεδίων ὑποτάσεις, αἳ παρʼ Ἀσωποῦ ῥοαῖς 750. εὔκαρπον ἐκβάλλουσι Θηβαίων στάχυν· 751. Ὑσιάς τʼ Ἐρυθράς θʼ, αἳ Κιθαιρῶνος λέπας 752. νέρθεν κατῳκήκασιν, ὥστε πολέμιοι, 753. ἐπεσπεσοῦσαι πάντʼ ἄνω τε καὶ κάτω 754. διέφερον· ἥρπαζον μὲν ἐκ δόμων τέκνα· 755. ὁπόσα δʼ ἐπʼ ὤμοις ἔθεσαν, οὐ δεσμῶν ὕπο 756. προσείχετʼ οὐδʼ ἔπιπτεν ἐς μέλαν πέδον, 757. οὐ χαλκός, οὐ σίδηρος· ἐπὶ δὲ βοστρύχοις 7
58. πῦρ ἔφερον, οὐδʼ ἔκαιεν. οἳ δʼ ὀργῆς ὕπο 759. ἐς ὅπλʼ ἐχώρουν φερόμενοι βακχῶν ὕπο· 760. οὗπερ τὸ δεινὸν ἦν θέαμʼ ἰδεῖν, ἄναξ. 761. τοῖς μὲν γὰρ οὐχ ᾕμασσε λογχωτὸν βέλος, 762. κεῖναι δὲ θύρσους ἐξανιεῖσαι χερῶν 763. ἐτραυμάτιζον κἀπενώτιζον φυγῇ 764. γυναῖκες ἄνδρας, οὐκ ἄνευ θεῶν τινος. 765. πάλιν δʼ ἐχώρουν ὅθεν ἐκίνησαν πόδα, 766. κρήνας ἐπʼ αὐτὰς ἃς ἀνῆκʼ αὐταῖς θεός. 767. νίψαντο δʼ αἷμα, σταγόνα δʼ ἐκ παρηίδων 768. γλώσσῃ δράκοντες ἐξεφαίδρυνον χροός. 770. δέχου πόλει τῇδʼ· ὡς τά τʼ ἄλλʼ ἐστὶν μέγας, 771. κἀκεῖνό φασιν αὐτόν, ὡς ἐγὼ κλύω, 772. τὴν παυσίλυπον ἄμπελον δοῦναι βροτοῖς. 773. οἴνου δὲ μηκέτʼ ὄντος οὐκ ἔστιν Κύπρις 774. οὐδʼ ἄλλο τερπνὸν οὐδὲν ἀνθρώποις ἔτι. Χορός
862. ἆρʼ ἐν παννυχίοις χοροῖς '. None | 22. and I have come to this Hellene city first, having already set those other lands to dance and established my mysteries there, so that I might be a deity manifest among men. In this land of Hellas , I have first excited Thebes to my cry, fitting a fawn-skin to my body and
39. And all the female offspring of Thebes , as many as are women, I have driven maddened from the house, and they, mingled with the daughters of Kadmos, sit on roofless rocks beneath green pines. For this city must learn, even if it is unwilling,
48. who fights against the gods as far as I am concerned and drives me away from sacrifices, and in his prayers makes no mention of me, for which I will show him and all the Thebans that I was born a god. And when I have set matters here right, I will move on to another land,
58. But, you women who have left Tmolus, the bulwark of Lydia , my sacred band, whom I have brought from among the barbarians as assistants and companions to me, take your drums, native instruments of the city of the Phrygians, the invention of mother Rhea and myself,
133. nearby, raving Satyrs were fulfilling the rites of the mother goddess, and they joined it to the dances of the biennial festivals, in which Dionysus rejoices. Choru'
233. Autonoe, the mother of Actaeon. And having bound them in iron fetters, I will soon stop them from this ill-working revelry. And they say that some stranger has come, a sorcerer, a conjuror from the Lydian land,
274. A man powerful in his boldness, one capable of speaking well, becomes a bad citizen in his lack of sense. This new god, whom you ridicule, I am unable to express how great he will be throughout Hellas . For two things, young man, 275. are first among men: the goddess Demeter—she is the earth, but call her whatever name you wish; she nourishes mortals with dry food; but he who came afterwards, the offspring of Semele, discovered a match to it, the liquid drink of the grape, and introduced it 280. to mortals. It releases wretched mortals from grief, whenever they are filled with the stream of the vine, and gives them sleep, a means of forgetting their daily troubles, nor is there another cure for hardships. He who is a god is poured out in offerings to the gods,
286. o that by his means men may have good things. And do you laugh at him, because he was sewn up in Zeus’ thigh? I will teach you that this is well: when Zeus snatched him out of the lighting-flame, and led the child as a god to Olympus , 290. Hera wished to banish him from the sky, but Zeus, as a god, had a counter-contrivance. Having broken a part of the air which surrounds the earth, he gave this to Hera as a pledge protecting the real A line of text has apparently been lost here. Dionysus from her hostility. But in time, 295. mortals say that he was nourished in the thigh of Zeus, changing the word, because a god he had served as a hostage for the goddess Hera, and composing the story. The account given in lines 292f. of the development of this legend is based on the similarity between the Greek words for hostage ( ὅμηρος ) and thigh ( μηρός ). But this god is a prophet—for Bacchic revelry and madness have in them much prophetic skill. 300. For whenever the god enters a body in full force, he makes the frantic to foretell the future. He also possesses a share of Ares’ nature. For terror sometimes flutters an army under arms and in its ranks before it even touches a spear; 4
39. for which you sent us, nor have we set out in vain. This beast was docile in our hands and did not withdraw in flight, but yielded not unwillingly. He did not turn pale or change the wine-dark complexion of his cheek, but laughed and allowed us to bind him and lead him away.
470. Seeing me just as I saw him, he gave me sacred rites. Pentheu
482. All the barbarians celebrate these rites. Pentheu
485. Do you perform the rites by night or by day? Dionysu
486. Mostly by night; darkness conveys awe. Pentheu
538. What rage, what rage does the earth-born race show, and Pentheus,
725. calling on Iacchus, the son of Zeus, Bromius, with united voice. The whole mountain revelled along with them and the beasts, and nothing was unmoved by their running. Agave happened to be leaping near me, and I sprang forth, wanting to snatch her, 730. abandoning the ambush where I had hidden myself. But she cried out: O my fleet hounds, we are hunted by these men; but follow me! follow armed with your thyrsoi in your hands! We fled and escaped 735. from being torn apart by the Bacchae, but they, with unarmed hands, sprang on the heifers browsing the grass. and you might see one rending asunder a fatted lowing calf, while others tore apart cows. 740. You might see ribs or cloven hooves tossed here and there; caught in the trees they dripped, dabbled in gore. Bulls who before were fierce, and showed their fury with their horns, stumbled to the ground, 745. dragged down by countless young hands. The garment of flesh was torn apart faster then you could blink your royal eyes. And like birds raised in their course, they proceeded along the level plains, which by the streams of the Asopu 750. produce the bountiful Theban crop. And falling like soldiers upon Hysiae and Erythrae, towns situated below the rock of Kithairon, they turned everything upside down. They were snatching children from their homes; 755. and whatever they put on their shoulders, whether bronze or iron, was not held on by bonds, nor did it fall to the ground. They carried fire on their locks, but it did not burn them. Some people in rage took up arms, being plundered by the Bacchae, 760. and the sight of this was terrible to behold, lord. For their pointed spears drew no blood, but the women, hurling the thyrsoi from their hands, kept wounding them and turned them to flight—women did this to men, not without the help of some god. 765. And they returned where they had come from, to the very fountains which the god had sent forth for them, and washed off the blood, and snakes cleaned the drops from the women’s cheeks with their tongues.Receive this god then, whoever he is, 770. into this city, master. For he is great in other respects, and they say this too of him, as I hear, that he gives to mortals the vine that puts an end to grief. Without wine there is no longer Aphrodite or any other pleasant thing for men. Chorus Leader
862. Shall I move my white foot in the night-long dance, aroused to a frenzy, '. None |
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33. Euripides, Electra, 108-109, 118-119, 126, 466-474, 1204, 1250-1291, 1351-1355 (5th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Acropolis, Athens • Areopagus, Athens • Aristophanes of Athens • Athena • Athena, Athena Polias • Athena, Pronoia • Athena, and the Areopagus • Athena, titles of Hygieia • Athens • Athens, and myths • Athens, its own theoria to Delos • Athens/Athenian • Erechtheus (king of Athens) • Praxithea (queen of Athens) • aristeion for Athena • arrephoroi and peplos of Athena • basileus (Athens) • orge, in classical Athens • wool, worked for Athena by parthenoi • wool, worked for Athena by parthenoi wool, worked for Athena by parthenoi
Found in books: Braund and Most (2004) 86; Csapo (2022) 191; Horkey (2019) 17; Jouanna (2018) 124; Kowalzig (2007) 71; Lipka (2021) 95; Martin (2009) 43, 125; Mikalson (2016) 280; Naiden (2013) 106; Parker (2005) 227, 265; Petrovic and Petrovic (2016) 232, 233; Steiner (2001) 176
108. πηγαῖον ἄχθος ἐν κεκαρμένῳ κάρᾳ'109. φέρουσαν — ἑζώμεσθα κἀκπυθώμεθα' "
118. κικλήσκουσι δέ μ' ἀθλίαν" '119. ̓Ηλέκτραν πολιῆται.' "
126. ἄναγε πολύδακρυν ἁδονάν.' "
466. ἵπποις ἂμ πτεροέσσαις' "467. ἄστρων τ' αἰθέριοι χοροί," '468. Πλειάδες, ̔Υάδες, ̔́Εκτορος 469. ὄμμασι τροπαῖοι: 470. ἐπὶ δὲ χρυσοτύπῳ κράνει 471. Σφίγγες ὄνυξιν ἀοίδιμον 472. ἄγραν φέρουσαι: περιπλεύ- 473. ρῳ δὲ κύτει πύρπνοος ἔ- 474. σπευδε δρόμῳ λέαινα χαλ-
1204. φρονοῦσα, δεινὰ δ' εἰργάσω," "
1250. σὺ δ' ̓́Αργος ἔκλιπ': οὐ γὰρ ἔστι σοι πόλιν" "1251. τήνδ' ἐμβατεύειν, μητέρα κτείναντι σήν." "1252. δειναὶ δὲ κῆρές ς' αἱ κυνώπιδες θεαὶ" "1253. τροχηλατήσους' ἐμμανῆ πλανώμενον." "1254. ἐλθὼν δ' ̓Αθήνας Παλλάδος σεμνὸν βρέτας" '1255. πρόσπτυξον: εἵρξει γάρ νιν ἐπτοημένας 1256. δεινοῖς δράκουσιν ὥστε μὴ ψαύειν σέθεν,' "1257. γοργῶφ' ὑπερτείνουσα σῷ κάρᾳ κύκλον." "1258. ἔστιν δ' ̓́Αρεώς τις ὄχθος, οὗ πρῶτον θεοὶ" "1259. ἕζοντ' ἐπὶ ψήφοισιν αἵματος πέρι," '
1260. ̔Αλιρρόθιον ὅτ' ἔκταν' ὠμόφρων ̓́Αρης," '
1261. μῆνιν θυγατρὸς ἀνοσίων νυμφευμάτων,' "
1262. πόντου κρέοντος παῖδ', ἵν' εὐσεβεστάτη" "
1263. ψῆφος βεβαία τ' ἐστὶν † ἔκ τε τοῦ † θεοῖς." '
1264. ἐνταῦθα καὶ σὲ δεῖ δραμεῖν φόνου πέρι.' "
1265. ἴσαι δέ ς' ἐκσῴζουσι μὴ θανεῖν δίκῃ" '
1266. ψῆφοι τεθεῖσαι: Λοξίας γὰρ αἰτίαν
1267. ἐς αὑτὸν οἴσει, μητέρος χρήσας φόνον.
1268. καὶ τοῖσι λοιποῖς ὅδε νόμος τεθήσεται,' "
1269. νικᾶν ἴσαις ψήφοισι τὸν φεύγοντ' ἀεί." "1270. δειναὶ μὲν οὖν θεαὶ τῷδ' ἄχει πεπληγμέναι" "1271. πάγον παρ' αὐτὸν χάσμα δύσονται χθονός," '1272. σεμνὸν βροτοῖσιν εὐσεβὲς χρηστήριον:' "1273. σὲ δ' ̓Αρκάδων χρὴ πόλιν ἐπ' ̓Αλφειοῦ ῥοαῖς" '1274. οἰκεῖν Λυκαίου πλησίον σηκώματος: 1275. ἐπώνυμος δὲ σοῦ πόλις κεκλήσεται.' "1276. σοὶ μὲν τάδ' εἶπον: τόνδε δ' Αἰγίσθου νέκυν" '1277. ̓́Αργους πολῖται γῆς καλύψουσιν τάφῳ. 1278. μητέρα δὲ τὴν σὴν ἄρτι Ναυπλίαν παρὼν 1279. Μενέλαος, ἐξ οὗ Τρωικὴν εἷλε χθόνα, 1280. ̔Ελένη τε θάψει: Πρωτέως γὰρ ἐκ δόμων' "1281. ἥκει λιποῦς' Αἴγυπτον οὐδ' ἦλθεν Φρύγας:" "1282. Ζεὺς δ', ὡς ἔρις γένοιτο καὶ φόνος βροτῶν," "1283. εἴδωλον ̔Ελένης ἐξέπεμψ' ἐς ̓́Ιλιον." "1284. Πυλάδης μὲν οὖν κόρην τε καὶ δάμαρτ' ἔχων" "1285. ̓Αχαιίδος γῆς οἴκαδ' ἐσπορευέτω," '1286. καὶ τὸν λόγῳ σὸν πενθερὸν κομιζέτω 1287. Φωκέων ἐς αἶαν καὶ δότω πλούτου βάρος:' "1288. σὺ δ' ̓Ισθμίας γῆς αὐχέν' ἐμβαίνω ποδὶ" '1289. χώρει πρὸς ὄχθον Κεκροπίας εὐδαίμονα. 1290. πεπρωμένην γὰρ μοῖραν ἐκπλήσας φόνου' "1291. εὐδαιμονήσεις τῶνδ' ἀπαλλαχθεὶς πόνων." "
1351. οἷσιν δ' ὅσιον καὶ τὸ δίκαιον" '1352. φίλον ἐν βιότῳ, τούτους χαλεπῶν 1353. ἐκλύοντες μόχθων σῴζομεν. 1354. οὕτως ἀδικεῖν μηδεὶς θελέτω' "1355. μηδ' ἐπιόρκων μέτα συμπλείτω:" ''. None | 108. will come in our sight, from whom we may ask if my sister lives in this place. But now that I see this maidservant, bearing a weight of water on her shorn head, let us sit down, and inquire'109. will come in our sight, from whom we may ask if my sister lives in this place. But now that I see this maidservant, bearing a weight of water on her shorn head, let us sit down, and inquire
118. I am Agamemnon’s child, and Clytemnestra, hated daughter of Tyndareus, bore me; the citizens call me unhappy Electra.
126. Come, waken the same lament, take up the enjoyment of long weeping. Electra
466. was shining on winged horses, and the heavenly chorus of stars, Pleiades, Hyades, bringing defeat to the eyes of Hector; 470. and upon his gold-forged helmet were sphinxes, bearing in their talons prey from singing. On his breast-plate a lioness, breathing flame, was eager in flight, with her claws,
1204. Again, again your thought changes with the breeze; for now you think piously, though you did not before, and you did dreadful things,
1250. but you leave Argos ; for it is not for you, who killed your mother, to set foot in this city. And the dread goddesses of death, the one who glare like hounds, will drive you up and down, a maddened wanderer. Go to Athens and embrace the holy image of Pallas; 1255. for she will prevent them, flickering with dreadful serpents, from touching you, as she stretches over your head her Gorgon-faced shield. There is a hill of Ares, where the gods first sat over their votes to decide on bloodshed,
1260. when savage Ares killed Halirrothius, son of the ocean’s ruler, in anger for the unholy violation of his daughter, so that the tribunal is most sacred and secure in the eyes of the gods.
1264. You also must run your risk here, for murder.
1265. An equal number of votes cast will save you from dying by the verdict; for Loxias will take the blame upon himself, since it was his oracle that advised your mother’s murder. And this law will be set for posterity, that the accused will always win his case if he has equal votes. 1270. Then the dread goddesses, stricken with grief at this, will sink into a cleft of the earth beside this hill, a holy, revered prophetic shrine for mortals. You must found an Arcadian city beside the streams of Alpheus near the sacred enclosure to Lycaean Apollo; 1275. and the city will be called after your name. I say this to you. As for this corpse of Aegisthus, the citizens of Argos will cover it in the earth in burial. But as for your mother, Menelaus, who has arrived at Nauplia only now after capturing Troy , 1280. will bury her, with Helen helping him; for she has come from Proteus’ house, leaving Egypt , and she never went to Troy ; Zeus, to stir up strife and bloodshed among mortals, sent a phantom of Helen to Ilium . Now let Pylades, having one who is both a virgin and a married woman, 1285. go home from the Achaean land, and let him conduct the one called your brother-in-law to the land of Phocis , and give him a weight of riches. But you set out along the narrow Isthmus, and go to Cecropia’s blessed hill. 1290. For once you have completed your appointed lot of murder, you will be happy, freed from these troubles. Choru
1351. we do not come to the aid of those who are polluted; but we save and release from severe hardships those who love piety and justice in their ways of life. And so, let no one wish to act unjustly, 1355. or set sail with perjurers; as a god, I give this address to mortals. Choru '. None |
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34. Euripides, Hecuba, 108-109, 118-119, 466-473 (5th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Acropolis (Athens) • Athena • Athena, titles of Hygieia • Erechtheus (king of Athens) • Minerva (Athena), Panathenaic peplos • Minerva (Athena), in gigantomachy • Minerva (Athena), self-representation in weaving • Minerva (Athena), weaving as attribute of • Praxithea (queen of Athens) • aristeion for Athena • arrephoroi and peplos of Athena • contest between Athena and Poseidon • gigantomachy, Athena and • wool, worked for Athena by parthenoi • wool, worked for Athena by parthenoi wool, worked for Athena by parthenoi
Found in books: Csapo (2022) 191; Johnson (2008) 90; Mikalson (2016) 280; Parker (2005) 227, 265; Tanaseanu-Döbler and von Alvensleben (2020) 359
108. λέγεται δόξαι σὴν παῖδ' ̓Αχιλεῖ"109. σφάγιον θέσθαι: τύμβου δ' ἐπιβὰς" '
118. στρατὸν αἰχμητήν, τοῖς μὲν διδόναι' "119. τύμβῳ σφάγιον, τοῖς δ' οὐχὶ δοκοῦν." '
466. ἢ Παλλάδος ἐν πόλει 467. τὰς καλλιδίφρους ̓Αθα- 468. ναίας ἐν κροκέῳ πέπλῳ 469. ζεύξομαι ἆρα πώλους ἐν' "470. δαιδαλέαισι ποικίλλους'" '471. ἀνθοκρόκοισι πήναις, ἢ 472. Τιτάνων γενεὰν 473. τὰν Ζεὺς ἀμφιπύρῳ κοιμί-' "". None | 108. no, I have laden myself with heavy news, and am a herald of sorrow to you, lady. It is said the Achaeans have determined in full assembly to offer your daughter in sacrifice to Achilles; for you know how one day he appeared'109. no, I have laden myself with heavy news, and am a herald of sorrow to you, lady. It is said the Achaeans have determined in full assembly to offer your daughter in sacrifice to Achilles; for you know how one day he appeared
118. without its prize? A violent dispute with stormy altercation arose, and opinion was divided in the warrior army of Hellas , some being in favor of offering the sacrifice at the tomb, others dissenting.
466. Or in the city of Pallas, the home of Athena of the lovely chariot, shall I then upon her saffron robe yoke horses, 470. embroidering them on my web in brilliant varied shades, or the race of Titans, put to sleep by Zeus the son of Cronos with bolt of flashing flame? Choru '. None |
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35. Euripides, Children of Heracles, 1030-1044 (5th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Athena • Athens, Athenian • Pisistratus (tyrant of Athens)/Pisistratids
Found in books: Castagnoli and Ceccarelli (2019) 109; Csapo (2022) 195; Meister (2019) 133
1030. θανόντα γάρ με θάψεθ' οὗ τὸ μόρσιμον,"1031. δίας πάροιθε παρθένου Παλληνίδος: 1032. καὶ σοὶ μὲν εὔνους καὶ πόλει σωτήριος 1033. μέτοικος αἰεὶ κείσομαι κατὰ χθονός,' "1034. τοῖς τῶνδε δ' ἐκγόνοισι πολεμιώτατος," '1035. ὅταν μόλωσι δεῦρο σὺν πολλῇ χερὶ 1036. χάριν προδόντες τήνδε. τοιούτων ξένων' "1037. προύστητε. πῶς οὖν ταῦτ' ἐγὼ πεπυσμένος" "1038. δεῦρ' ἦλθον, ἀλλ' οὐ χρησμὸν ἡζόμην θεοῦ;" '1039. ̔́Ηραν νομίζων θεσφάτων κρείσσω πολὺ' "1040. κοὐκ ἂν προδοῦναί μ'. ἀλλὰ μήτε μοι χοὰς" "1041. μήθ' αἷμ' ἐάσητ' εἰς ἐμὸν στάξαι τάφον." "1042. κακὸν γὰρ αὐτοῖς νόστον ἀντὶ τῶνδ' ἐγὼ" "1043. δώσω: διπλοῦν δὲ κέρδος ἕξετ' ἐξ ἐμοῦ:" "1044. ὑμᾶς τ' ὀνήσω τούσδε τε βλάψω θανών." "'. None | 1030. Bury my body after death in its destined grave in front of the shrine of the virgin goddess Pallas. at Pallene. And I will be thy friend and guardian of thy city for ever, where I lie buried in a foreign soil, but a bitter foe to these children’s descendants,'1031. rend= Bury my body after death in its destined grave in front of the shrine of the virgin goddess Pallas. at Pallene. And I will be thy friend and guardian of thy city for ever, where I lie buried in a foreign soil, but a bitter foe to these children’s descendants, whensoe’er Referring to invasions by the Peloponnesians, descendants of the Heracleidae. with gathered host they come against this land, traitors to your kindness now; such are the strangers ye have championed. Why then came I hither, if I knew all this, instead of regarding the god’s oracle? Because I thought, that Hera was mightier far than any oracle, and would not betray me. Waste no drink-offering on my tomb, nor spill the victim’s blood; for I will requite them for my treatment here with a journey they shall rue; and ye shall have double gain from me, for I will help you and harm them by my death. Alcmena 1031. Bury my body after death in its destined grave in front of the shrine of the virgin goddess Pallas. at Pallene. And I will be thy friend and guardian of thy city for ever, where I lie buried in a foreign soil, but a bitter foe to these children’s descendants, 1035. whensoe’er Referring to invasions by the Peloponnesians, descendants of the Heracleidae. with gathered host they come against this land, traitors to your kindness now; such are the strangers ye have championed. Why then came I hither, if I knew all this, instead of regarding the god’s oracle? Because I thought, that Hera was mightier far than any oracle, 1040. and would not betray me. Waste no drink-offering on my tomb, nor spill the victim’s blood; for I will requite them for my treatment here with a journey they shall rue; and ye shall have double gain from me, for I will help you and harm them by my death. Alcmena '. None |
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36. Euripides, Hercules Furens, 922, 926-927 (5th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Acropolis, Athens • Athena • Athena Soteira Nike, and Zeus Soter • Athena Soteira Nike, on Mt Boreius
Found in books: Ekroth (2013) 42, 47; Jim (2022) 122
| 922. Victims to purify the house were stationed before the altar of Zeus, for Heracles had slain and cast from his halls the king of the land.'
926. There stood his group of lovely children, with his father and Megara; and already the basket was being passed round the altar, and we were keeping holy silence. But just as Alcmena’s son was bringing the torch in his right hand to dip it in the holy water, '. None |
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37. Euripides, Hippolytus, 10-22, 29-33, 35, 38, 47, 57, 612, 953-954, 1025, 1121, 1123, 1333, 1391, 1423-1430 (5th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Aigina, Aiginetans, and Athens • Aigina, Aiginetans, rivalry with Athens • Ajax (Sophocles), Athena in • Ajax, and Athena • Areopagus, Athens • Athena • Athena the Gorgon-slayer,oaths, invoking • Athena, Athena Ellenios • Athena, Polias • Athena, as the voice of the gods • Athens • Athens, Athenian • Athens, and Panhellenism • Athens, at battle of Salamis • Athens, comic vision of • Athens, population of • Athens/Athenian • Gorgon-slayer (Athena),oaths invoking • wool, worked for Athena by parthenoi and Dionysus • wool, worked for Athena by parthenoi private festivals of
Found in books: Bernabe et al (2013) 46; Castagnoli and Ceccarelli (2019) 82; Faraone (1999) 49; Hesk (2000) 267; Jouanna (2018) 366, 633; Kowalzig (2007) 207; Lipka (2021) 94, 109; Meister (2019) 47, 133; Naiden (2013) 121, 322; Parker (2005) 325; Petrovic and Petrovic (2016) 185, 188, 209, 213, 214; Sommerstein and Torrance (2014) 28; de Jáuregui et al. (2011) 191
10. ὁ γάρ με Θησέως παῖς, ̓Αμαζόνος τόκος,'11. ̔Ιππόλυτος, ἁγνοῦ Πιτθέως παιδεύματα,' "12. μόνος πολιτῶν τῆσδε γῆς Τροζηνίας 13. λέγει κακίστην δαιμόνων πεφυκέναι:' "14. ἀναίνεται δὲ λέκτρα κοὐ ψαύει γάμων,' "15. Φοίβου δ' ἀδελφὴν ̓́Αρτεμιν, Διὸς κόρην," '16. τιμᾷ, μεγίστην δαιμόνων ἡγούμενος,' "17. χλωρὰν δ' ἀν' ὕλην παρθένῳ ξυνὼν ἀεὶ" '18. κυσὶν ταχείαις θῆρας ἐξαιρεῖ χθονός, 19. μείζω βροτείας προσπεσὼν ὁμιλίας. 20. τούτοισι μέν νυν οὐ φθονῶ: τί γάρ με δεῖ;' "21. ἃ δ' εἰς ἔμ' ἡμάρτηκε τιμωρήσομαι" "22. ̔Ιππόλυτον ἐν τῇδ' ἡμέρᾳ: τὰ πολλὰ δὲ" '
29. καὶ πρὶν μὲν ἐλθεῖν τήνδε γῆν Τροζηνίαν,' "30. πέτραν παρ' αὐτὴν Παλλάδος, κατόψιον" '31. γῆς τῆσδε ναὸν Κύπριδος ἐγκαθίσατο,' "32. ἐρῶς' ἔρωτ' ἔκδημον, ̔Ιππολύτῳ δ' ἔπι" '33. τὸ λοιπὸν ὀνομάσουσιν ἱδρῦσθαι θεάν.
35. μίασμα φεύγων αἵματος Παλλαντιδῶν
38. ἐνταῦθα δὴ στένουσα κἀκπεπληγμένη' "
47. ἡ δ' εὐκλεὴς μὲν ἀλλ' ὅμως ἀπόλλυται" '
57. ̔́Αιδου, φάος δὲ λοίσθιον βλέπων τόδε.' "
612. ἡ γλῶσς' ὀμώμοχ', ἡ δὲ φρὴν ἀνώμοτος." "
953. σίτοις καπήλευ' ̓Ορφέα τ' ἄνακτ' ἔχων" '954. βάκχευε πολλῶν γραμμάτων τιμῶν καπνούς:
1025. νῦν δ' ὅρκιόν σοι Ζῆνα καὶ πέδον χθονὸς" '
1121. ἐπεὶ τὸν ̔Ελλανίας φανερώτατον ἀστέρ' ̓Αθήνας" '
1333. ὥστ' ἄνδρα πάντων φίλτατον βροτῶν ἐμοὶ" '
1391. ἔα:
1423. σοὶ δ', ὦ ταλαίπωρ', ἀντὶ τῶνδε τῶν κακῶν" '1424. τιμὰς μεγίστας ἐν πόλει Τροζηνίᾳ 1425. δώσω: κόραι γὰρ ἄζυγες γάμων πάρος' "1426. κόμας κεροῦνταί σοι, δι' αἰῶνος μακροῦ" '1427. πένθη μέγιστα δακρύων καρπουμένῳ. 1428. ἀεὶ δὲ μουσοποιὸς ἐς σὲ παρθένων 14
29. ἔσται μέριμνα, κοὐκ ἀνώνυμος πεσὼν 1430. ἔρως ὁ Φαίδρας ἐς σὲ σιγηθήσεται.' "". None | 10. for that son of Theseus, born of the Amazon, Hippolytus, whom holy Pittheus taught, alone of all the dwellers in this land of Troezen, calls me vilest of the deities. Love he scorns, and, as for marriage, will none of it;'11. for that son of Theseus, born of the Amazon, Hippolytus, whom holy Pittheus taught, alone of all the dwellers in this land of Troezen, calls me vilest of the deities. Love he scorns, and, as for marriage, will none of it; 15. but Artemis, daughter of Zeus, sister of Phoebus, he doth honour, counting her the chief of goddesses, and ever through the greenwood, attendant on his virgin goddess, he dears the earth of wild beasts with his fleet hounds, enjoying the comradeship of one too high for mortal ken. 20. ’Tis not this I grudge him, no! why should I? But for his sins against me, I will this very day take vengeance on Hippolytus; for long ago I cleared the ground of many obstacles, so it needs but trifling toil.
29. to witness the solemn mystic rites and be initiated therein in Pandion’s land, i.e. Attica. Phaedra, his father’s noble wife, caught sight of him, and by my designs she found her heart was seized with wild desire. 30. a temple did she rear to Cypris hard by the rock of Pallas where it o’erlooks this country, for love of the youth in another land; and to win his love in days to come she called after his name the temple she had founded for the goddess.
35. flying the pollution of the blood of Pallas’ Descendants of Pandion, king of Cecropia, slain by Theseus to obtain the kingdom. sons, and with his wife sailed to this shore, content to suffer exile for a year, then began the wretched wife to pine away in silence, moaning ’neath love’s cruel scourge,
47. for the lord Poseidon granted this boon to Theseus; three wishes of the god to ask, nor ever ask in vain. So Phaedra is to die, an honoured death ’tis true, but still to die; for I will not let her suffering outweigh the payment of such forfeit by my foe
57. of retainers, in joyous cries of revelry uniting and hymns of praise to Artemis, his goddess; for little he recks that Death hath oped his gates for him, and that this is his last look upon the light. Hippolytu
612. My tongue an oath did take, but not my heart. Nurse
953. Thy boasts will never persuade me to be guilty of attributing ignorance to gods. Go then, vaunt thyself, and drive1 Hippolytus is here taunted with being an exponent of the Orphic mysteries. Apparently Orpheus, like Pythagoras, taught the necessity of total abstinence from animal food. thy petty trade in viands formed of lifeless food; take Orpheus for thy chief and go a-revelling, with all honour for the vapourings of many a written scroll,
1025. Now by Zeus, the god of oaths, and by the earth, whereon we stand, I swear to thee I never did lay hand upon thy wife nor would have wished to, or have harboured such a thought Slay me, ye gods! rob me of name and honour, from home and city cast me forth, a wandering exile o’er the earth!
1121. For now no more is my mind free from doubts, unlooked-for sights greet my vision; for lo! I see the morning star of Athens, eye of Hellas, driven by his father’s fury
1333. his neighbour’s will, but ever we stand aloof. For be well assured, did I not fear Zeus, never would I have incurred the bitter shame of handing over to death a man of all his kind to me most dear. As for thy sin,
1391. Ah! the fragrance from my goddess wafted! Even in my agony I feel thee near and find relief; she is here in this very place, my goddess Artemis. Artemi
1423. For I with mine own hand will with these unerring shafts avenge me on another, Adonis. who is her votary, dearest to her of all the sons of men. And to thee, poor sufferer, for thy anguish now will I grant high honours in the city of Troezen; 1425. for thee shall maids unwed before their marriage cut off their hair, thy harvest through the long roll of time of countless bitter tears. Yea, and for ever shall the virgin choir hymn thy sad memory, 1430. nor shall Phaedra’s love for thee fall into oblivion and pass away unnoticed. '. None |
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38. Euripides, Ion, 20-21, 29-30, 63, 211, 290, 293, 457, 585-586, 589-592, 632, 671-675, 999-1000, 1132, 1158-1168, 1528, 1555-1559, 1566, 1569-1594, 1601-1603 (5th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Acropolis (Athens) • Acropolis, Athens • Alopeke deme,Athens, altars,swearing at • Areopagus, Athens • Athena • Athena Nike • Athena Polias • Athena and warfare • Athena as poliadic deity of Athens • Athena as special god at Athens • Athena the Gorgon-slayer,oaths, invoking • Athena, Polias • Athena, Promachos • Athena, oaths invoking • Athens • Athens, and Athenian identity • Athens, and otherness • Athens, its own theoria to Delos • Athens, pure • Athens, purity of, problematic • Cleisthenes of Athens • Erchia deme,Athens • Erechtheus (king of Athens) • Gorgon-slayer (Athena),oaths invoking • Praxithea (queen of Athens) • Sparta, and Athens, institutions • exclusion, of outsiders from Athens • identity, in Eur. Ion, Athens, Athens • official oaths, Gerarai oath in Athens • polyphony, of voices representing Athens (in Eur. Ion) • purity, in Athens, Athenian • space, Athens • statue, Athena Promachos • tribute, religious, of cow and panoply to Athena
Found in books: Barbato (2020) 105, 107, 108; Csapo (2022) 192, 203; Fabian Meinel (2015) 216, 217, 219, 220, 235, 236, 237, 240, 241; Humphreys (2018) 28; Kirichenko (2022) 106; Kowalzig (2007) 86; Lightfoot (2021) 132; Lipka (2021) 94, 95; Naiden (2013) 269, 322; Parker (2005) 396, 399; Seaford (2018) 306; Sommerstein and Torrance (2014) 136, 172; Steiner (2001) 94; Tanaseanu-Döbler and von Alvensleben (2020) 338
20. προγόνων νόμον σῴζουσα τοῦ τε γηγενοῦς 21. ̓Εριχθονίου. κείνῳ γὰρ ἡ Διὸς κόρη' "
29. ὦ σύγγον', ἐλθὼν λαὸν εἰς αὐτόχθονα" "30. κλεινῶν ̓Αθηνῶν — οἶσθα γὰρ θεᾶς πόλιν —
63. οὐκ ἐγγενὴς ὤν, Αἰόλου δὲ τοῦ Διὸς' "
211. — λεύσσω Παλλάδ', ἐμὰν θεόν." "
290. οὐκ ἀστός, ἀλλ' ἐπακτὸς ἐξ ἄλλης χθονός." "
293. καὶ πῶς ξένος ς' ὢν ἔσχεν οὖσαν ἐγγενῆ;" '
457. κορυφᾶς Διός, ὦ μάκαιρα Νίκα,
585. οὐ ταὐτὸν εἶδος φαίνεται τῶν πραγμάτων' "586. πρόσωθεν ὄντων ἐγγύθεν θ' ὁρωμένων." '
589. ἄκουσον. εἶναί φασι τὰς αὐτόχθονας 590. κλεινὰς ̓Αθήνας οὐκ ἐπείσακτον γένος,' "591. ἵν' ἐσπεσοῦμαι δύο νόσω κεκτημένος," "592. πατρός τ' ἐπακτοῦ καὐτὸς ὢν νοθαγενής." '
632. εἴη γ' ἐμοὶ &λτ;μὲν&γτ; μέτρια μὴ λυπουμένῳ." "
671. ἐκ τῶν ̓Αθηνῶν μ' ἡ τεκοῦς' εἴη γυνή," '672. ὥς μοι γένηται μητρόθεν παρρησία. 673. καθαρὰν γὰρ ἤν τις ἐς πόλιν πέσῃ ξένος, 674. κἂν τοῖς λόγοισιν ἀστὸς ᾖ, τό γε στόμα 675. δοῦλον πέπαται κοὐκ ἔχει παρρησίαν.' "
999. ̓Εριχθόνιον οἶσθ', ἢ — ; τί δ' οὐ μέλλεις, γέρον;" '1000. ὃν πρῶτον ὑμῶν πρόγονον ἐξανῆκε γῆ;'
1132. λαβὼν δὲ μόσχους ᾤχεθ': ὁ δὲ νεανίας" "
1158. ̔́Εως διώκους' ἄστρα. τοίχοισιν δ' ἔπι" '1159. ἤμπισχεν ἄλλα βαρβάρων ὑφάσματα: 1160. εὐηρέτμους ναῦς ἀντίας ̔Ελληνίσιν,' "1161. καὶ μιξόθηρας φῶτας, ἱππείας τ' ἄγρας" "1162. ἐλάφων, λεόντων τ' ἀγρίων θηράματα." "11
63. κατ' εἰσόδους δὲ Κέκροπα θυγατέρων πέλας" "1164. σπείραισιν εἱλίσσοντ', ̓Αθηναίων τινὸς" "1165. ἀνάθημα: χρυσέους τ' ἐν μέσῳ συσσιτίῳ" "1166. κρατῆρας ἔστης'. ἐν δ' ἄκροισι βὰς ποσὶ" "1167. κῆρυξ ἀνεῖπε τὸν θέλοντ' ἐγχωρίων" "1168. ἐς δαῖτα χωρεῖν. ὡς δ' ἐπληρώθη στέγη," '
1528. μὰ τὴν παρασπίζουσαν ἅρμασίν ποτε
1555. ἐπώνυμος δὲ σῆς ἀφικόμην χθονὸς' "1556. Παλλάς, δρόμῳ σπεύσας' ̓Απόλλωνος πάρα," '1557. ὃς ἐς μὲν ὄψιν σφῷν μολεῖν οὐκ ἠξίου, 1558. μὴ τῶν πάροιθε μέμψις ἐς μέσον μόλῃ, 1559. ἡμᾶς δὲ πέμπει τοὺς λόγους ὑμῖν φράσαι:' "
1566. ἔμελλε δ' αὐτὰ διασιωπήσας ἄναξ" "
1569. ἀλλ' ὡς περαίνω πρᾶγμα, καὶ χρησμοὺς θεοῦ," "1570. ἐφ' οἷσιν ἔζευξ' ἅρματ', εἰσακούσατον." '1571. λαβοῦσα τόνδε παῖδα Κεκροπίαν χθόνα 1572. χώρει, Κρέουσα, κἀς θρόνους τυραννικοὺς 1573. ἵδρυσον. ἐκ γὰρ τῶν ̓Ερεχθέως γεγὼς' "1574. δίκαιος ἄρχειν τῆς γ' ἐμῆς ὅδε χθονός," "1575. ἔσται τ' ἀν' ̔Ελλάδ' εὐκλεής. οἱ τοῦδε γὰρ" '1576. παῖδες γενόμενοι τέσσαρες ῥίζης μιᾶς 1577. ἐπώνυμοι γῆς κἀπιφυλίου χθονὸς' "1578. λαῶν ἔσονται, σκόπελον οἳ ναίους' ἐμόν." '1579. Γελέων μὲν ἔσται πρῶτος: εἶτα δεύτερος 1580. &λτ;&γτ;' "1580. ̔́Οπλητες ̓Αργαδῆς τ', ἐμῆς τ' ἀπ' αἰγίδος" "1581. ἔμφυλον ἕξους' Αἰγικορῆς. οἱ τῶνδε δ' αὖ" '1582. παῖδες γενόμενοι σὺν χρόνῳ πεπρωμένῳ 1583. Κυκλάδας ἐποικήσουσι νησαίας πόλεις 1584. χέρσους τε παράλους, ὃ σθένος τἠμῇ χθονὶ' "1
585. δίδωσιν: ἀντίπορθμα δ' ἠπείροιν δυοῖν" '1586. πεδία κατοικήσουσιν, ̓Ασιάδος τε γῆς' "1587. Εὐρωπίας τε: τοῦδε δ' ὀνόματος χάριν" '1588. ̓́Ιωνες ὀνομασθέντες ἕξουσιν κλέος. 1
589. Ξούθῳ δὲ καὶ σοὶ γίγνεται κοινὸν γένος, 1590. Δῶρος μέν, ἔνθεν Δωρὶς ὑμνηθήσεται' "1591. πόλις κατ' αἶαν Πελοπίαν: ὁ δεύτερος" '1592. ̓Αχαιός, ὃς γῆς παραλίας ̔Ρίου πέλας 1593. τύραννος ἔσται, κἀπισημανθήσεται' "1594. κείνου κεκλῆσθαι λαὸς ὄνομ' ἐπώνυμος." "
1601. νῦν οὖν σιώπα, παῖς ὅδ' ὡς πέφυκε σός," "1602. ἵν' ἡ δόκησις Ξοῦθον ἡδέως ἔχῃ," "1603. σύ τ' αὖ τὰ σαυτῆς ἀγάθ' ἔχους' ἴῃς, γύναι." '". None | 20. observant of the custom of her ancestors and of earth-born Erichthonius, whom the daughter of Zeus gave into the charge of the daughters of Agraulus, after setting on either side, to keep him safe, a guard of serpents twain. Hence in that land among the Erechthidae ’tis a
29. custom to protect their babes with charms of golden snakes. But ere she left the babe to die, the young mother tied about him her own broidered robe. And this is the request that Phoebus craves of me, for he is my brother, Go, brother, to those children of the soil 30. that dwell in glorious Athens, for well thou knowest Athena’s city, and take a new-born babe from out the hollow rock, his cradle and his swaddling-clothes as well, and bear him to my prophetic shrine at Delphi, and set him at the entering-in of my temple.
63. who dwell in the land of Euboea; and Xuthus took part therein and helped to end it, for which he received the hand of Creusa as his guerdon, albeit he was no native, but an Achaean, sprung from Aeolus, the son of Zeus; and after many years of wedded life
211. I see Pallas, my own goddess. (Seventh) Choru
290. No citizen of Athens, but a stranger from another land. Ion
293. And how did he, a stranger, win thee a native born? Creusa
457. delivered as thou wert by Titan Prometheus from the forehead of Zeus. Come, O lady Victory, come to the Pythian shrine, winging thy way from the gilded chambers of Olympu
585. Things assume a different form according as we see them before us, or far off. I am glad at what has happened, since I have found in thee a father; but hear me on some points which I am now deciding. 590. Athens, I am told,—that glorious city of a native race,—owns no aliens; in which case I shall force my entrance there under a twofold disadvantage, as an alien’s son and base-born as I am. Branded with this reproach, while as yet I am unsupported, I shall get the name of a mere nobody, a son of nobodies;
632. and wealth is sweet. I have no wish to be abused for holding tightly to my pelf, nor yet to have the trouble of it. Be mine a moderate fortune free from annoyance! Now hear the blessings, father, that here were mine; first, leisure, man’s chiefest joy,
671. and, if I may make the prayer, Oh may that mother be a daughter of Athens! that from-her I may inherit freedom of speech. For if a stranger settle in a city free from aliens, e’en though in name he be a citizen, 675. yet doth he find him-setf tongue-tied and debarred from open utterance. Exit Ion. Choru
999. Hast heard of Erichthonius, or no? of course thou hast. Old Servant 1000. Him whom Earth produced, the founder of thy race? Creusa'
1132. Therewith he took the heifers and went his way. Meantime his stripling son in solemn form set up with upright stays the tent, inclosed but not with walls,
1158. Up shot the moon’s full face, that parts the months in twain; there too the Hyades showed their unerring light to mariners; arid Dawn, that brings the morning back, was chasing the stars before her. Next on the sides he hung yet other tapestry; 1160. barbarian ships bearing down on the fleet of Hellas; and monsters half-man, half-beast; the capture of the Thracian steeds; the hunting of savage stags and lions fierce; while at the entry Cecrops close to his daughters was wreathing his coils, an offering of some Athenian 1165. votary; and in the midst of the banquet-hall he set goblets of gold, while a herald hasted and invited to the feast all citizens who would come. Then, when the tent was full, they decked themselves with garlands and took their fill
1528. Nay, by our queen of Victory, Athena, that fought by Zeus, in days gone by, high on his car against the earth-born giants I swear,
1555. ’Tis I, Pallas, after whom your land is named, that am here, by Apollo sent in headlong haste; for he thought not fit to appear before you twain, lest his coming might provoke reproaches for the past; but me he sends to proclaim to you his words,
1566. fearing that thou wouldst be slain by thy mother’s wiles and she by thine. Now it was King Apollo’s wish to keep this matter secret awhile, and then in Athens to acknowledge this lady as thy mother and thyself as the child of her and Phoebus. But to end the business and discharge his oracles for the god, 1570. I bid you hearken; for such was my purpose in yoking my chariot-steeds. 1571. Do thou, Creusa, take this stripling and to Cecrops’ land set forth; and there upon the monarch’s throne establish him, for from Erechtheus’ stock is he sprung, and therefore hath a right to rule that land of mine. 1575. Through Hellas shall his fame extend; for his children,—four branches springing from one root,—shall give their names to the land and to the tribes of folk therein that dwell upon the rock I love. Teleona shall be the first; and next in order shall come 1580. the Hopletes and Argades; and then the Aegicores, called after my aegis, shall form one tribe. And their children again shall in the time appointed found an island home amid the Cyclades and on the sea-coast, thereby strengthening my country; 1
585. for they shall dwell upon the shores of two continents, of Europe and of Asia, on either side the strait; and in honour of Ion’s name shall they be called Ionians and win them high renown. From Xuthus too and thee I see a common stock arise; 1590. Dorus, whence the famous Dorian state will spring; and after him Achaeus in the land of Pelops; he shall lord it o’er the seaboard nigh to Rhium, and his folk, that bear his name, shall win the proud distinction of their leader’s title.
1601. and did rear him, suffering him not to die. Now therefore hold thy peace as to this thy child’s real parentage, that Xuthus may delight in his fond fancy, and thou, lady, continue to enjoy thy blessing. So fare ye well! for to you I '. None |
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39. Euripides, Iphigenia At Aulis, 948-954 (5th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Athena • Athens and Argos
Found in books: Meister (2019) 153; Sommerstein and Torrance (2014) 35
| 948. I a thing of nothing, and Menelaus counting for a man! No son of Peleus I, but the issue of a vengeful fiend, if my name shall Reading φονεύσει with Schäfer. serve your husband for the murder. No! by Nereus, who begot my mother Thetis, in his home amid the flowing waves,'949. I a thing of nothing, and Menelaus counting for a man! No son of Peleus I, but the issue of a vengeful fiend, if my name shall Reading φονεύσει with Schäfer. serve your husband for the murder. No! by Nereus, who begot my mother Thetis, in his home amid the flowing waves, 950. never shall king Agamemnon touch your daughter, no! not even to the laying of a finger-tip upon her robe; or Sipylus A mountain in Lycia , near which was shown the grave of Tantalus, the ancestor of the Atridae; the town of the same name was swallowed up in very early times by an earthquake. , that frontier town of barbarism, the cradle of those chieftains’ line, will be henceforth a city indeed, while Phthia ’s name will nowhere find mention. '. None |
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40. Euripides, Medea, 409, 735-755, 824-826, 1381-1383, 1392, 1408-1414 (5th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Alopeke deme,Athens, altars,swearing at • Athena • Athena the Gorgon-slayer,oaths, invoking • Athens • Athens, Athenian • Athens, and identity • Athens/Athenian, and Medea • Gorgon-slayer (Athena),oaths invoking
Found in books: Braund and Most (2004) 141; Hesk (2000) 69; Jenkyns (2013) 127; Kirichenko (2022) 95; Liatsi (2021) 135; Lipka (2021) 91, 93; Meister (2019) 133; Sommerstein and Torrance (2014) 28, 133
409. κακῶν δὲ πάντων τέκτονες σοφώταται.' "
735. Κρέων τε. τούτοις δ' ὁρκίοισι μὲν ζυγεὶς" "736. ἄγουσιν οὐ μεθεῖ' ἂν ἐκ γαίας ἐμέ:" '737. λόγοις δὲ συμβὰς καὶ θεῶν ἀνώμοτος' "738. φίλος γένοι' ἂν κἀπικηρυκεύμασιν" "739. τάχ' ἂν πίθοιο: τἀμὰ μὲν γὰρ ἀσθενῆ," "740. τοῖς δ' ὄλβος ἐστὶ καὶ δόμος τυραννικός." '741. πολλὴν ἔδειξας ἐν λόγοις προμηθίαν:' "742. ἀλλ', εἰ δοκεῖ σοι, δρᾶν τάδ' οὐκ ἀφίσταμαι." "743. ἐμοί τε γὰρ τάδ' ἐστὶν ἀσφαλέστερα," "744. σκῆψίν τιν' ἐχθροῖς σοῖς ἔχοντα δεικνύναι," "745. τὸ σόν τ' ἄραρε μᾶλλον: ἐξηγοῦ θεούς." "746. ὄμνυ πέδον Γῆς πατέρα θ' ̔́Ηλιον πατρὸς" '747. τοὐμοῦ θεῶν τε συντιθεὶς ἅπαν γένος. 748. τί χρῆμα δράσειν ἢ τί μὴ δράσειν; λέγε.' "749. μήτ' αὐτὸς ἐκ γῆς σῆς ἔμ' ἐκβαλεῖν ποτε," "750. μήτ', ἄλλος ἤν τις τῶν ἐμῶν ἐχθρῶν ἄγειν" '751. χρῄζῃ, μεθήσειν ζῶν ἑκουσίῳ τρόπῳ.' "752. ὄμνυμι Γαῖαν ̔Ηλίου θ' ἁγνὸν σέλας" '753. θεούς τε πάντας ἐμμενεῖν ἅ σου κλύω.' "754. ἀρκεῖ: τί δ' ὅρκῳ τῷδε μὴ 'μμένων πάθοις;" '755. ἃ τοῖσι δυσσεβοῦσι γίγνεται βροτῶν.
824. ̓Ερεχθεί̈δαι τὸ παλαιὸν ὄλβιοι 825. καὶ θεῶν παῖδες μακάρων, ἱερᾶς' "826. χώρας ἀπορθήτου τ' ἄπο, φερβόμενοι" '
1381. τύμβους ἀνασπῶν: γῇ δὲ τῇδε Σισύφου'1382. σεμνὴν ἑορτὴν καὶ τέλη προσάψομεν 1383. τὸ λοιπὸν ἀντὶ τοῦδε δυσσεβοῦς φόνου.
1392. τοῦ ψευδόρκου καὶ ξειναπάτου;' "
1408. ἀλλ' ὁπόσον γοῦν πάρα καὶ δύναμαι" '1
409. τάδε καὶ θρηνῶ κἀπιθεάζω, 1410. μαρτυρόμενος δαίμονας ὥς μοι' "1411. τέκνα κτείνας' ἀποκωλύεις" '1412. ψαῦσαί τε χεροῖν θάψαι τε νεκρούς,' "1413. οὓς μήποτ' ἐγὼ φύσας ὄφελον" '1414. πρὸς σοῦ φθιμένους ἐπιδέσθαι. '. None | 409. to the race of Sisyphus Sisyphus was the founder of the royal house of Corinth. by reason of this wedding of Jason, sprung, as thou art, from a noble sire, and of the Sun-god’s race. Thou hast cunning; and, more than this, we women, though by nature little apt for virtuous deeds, are most expert to fashion any mischief. Choru
735. Wherefore, if thou art bound by an oath, thou wilt not give To avoid the very doubtful form μεθεῖς = μεθείης some read μεθεῖ’ ἂν . me up to them when they come to drag me from the land, but, having entered into a compact and sworn Reading ἐνώμοτος . Hermann changes καὶ into μὴ . A simpler change, supported by a Schol., and one MS., would be to read ἀνωμοτος = whereas if thou only make a verbal compact, without oath, thou mightest be persuaded, etc. The whole passage is, as it stands, probably corrupt; numerous emendations have been proposed. If the above emendation be adopted, it will be necessary to alter οὐκ ἂν πίθοιο for which Munro proposed ὀκνῶν πίθοιο = and fearing their demands of surrender thou mightest yield. Wecklein, τάχ’ ἂν τίθοι σε (adopted by Nauck), is tempting. by heaven as well, thou wilt become my friend and disregard their overtures. Weak is any aid of mine, 740. whilst they have wealth and a princely house. Aegeu 741. Lady, thy words show much foresight, so if this is thy will, I do not refuse. For I shall feel secure and safe if I have some pretext to offer to thy foes, 745. and thy case too the firmer stands. Now name thy gods. Medea 746. Swear by the plain of Earth, by Helios my father’s sire, and, in one comprehensive oath, by all the race of gods. Aegeu 748. What shall I swear to do, from what refrain? tell me that. Medea 749. Swear that thou wilt never of thyself expel me from thy land, 750. nor, whilst life is thine, permit any other, one of my foes maybe, to hale me thence if so he will. Aegeu 752. By earth I swear, by the sun-god’s holy beam and by all the host of heaven that I will stand fast to the terms, I hear thee make. Medea 754. ’Tis enough. If thou shouldst break this oath, what curse dost thou invoke upon thyself? Aegeu 755. Whate’er betides the impious. Medea
824. Sons of Erechtheus, heroes happy from of yore, 825. children of the blessed gods, fed on wisdom’s glorious food in a holy land ne’er pillaged by its foes, ye who move with sprightly step through a climate ever bright
1381. that none of their foes may insult them by pulling down their tombs; and in this land of Sisyphus I will ordain hereafter a solemn feast and mystic rites to atone for this impious murder. Myself will now to the land of Erechtheus,'1382. that none of their foes may insult them by pulling down their tombs; and in this land of Sisyphus I will ordain hereafter a solemn feast and mystic rites to atone for this impious murder. Myself will now to the land of Erechtheus,
1392. What god or power divine hears thee, breaker of oaths and every law of hospitality? Jason
1408. O Zeus, dost hear how I am driven hence; dost mark the treatment I receive from this she-lion, fell murderess of her young? Yet so far as I may and can, I raise for them a dirge, 1410. and do adjure κἀπιθεάζω , Blomfield’s emendation for MSS. κἀπιθοάζω . the gods to witness how thou hast slain my sons, and wilt not suffer me to embrace or bury their dead bodies. Would I had never begotten them to see thee slay them after all! Choru '. None |
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41. Euripides, Orestes, 1625-1665 (5th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Acropolis, Athens • Areopagus, Athens • Athena • Athens
Found in books: Lipka (2021) 95; Naiden (2013) 322
1625. Μενέλαε, παῦσαι λῆμ' ἔχων τεθηγμένον:"1626. Φοῖβός ς' ὁ Λητοῦς παῖς ὅδ' ἐγγὺς ὢν καλῶ:" "1627. σύ θ' ὃς ξιφήρης τῇδ' ἐφεδρεύεις κόρῃ," "1628. ̓Ορέσθ', ἵν' εἰδῇς οὓς φέρων ἥκω λόγους." '1629. ̔Ελένην μὲν ἣν σὺ διολέσαι πρόθυμος ὢν 1630. ἥμαρτες, ὀργὴν Μενέλεῳ ποιούμενος,' "1631. ἥδ' ἐστίν, ἣν ὁρᾶτ' ἐν αἰθέρος πτυχαῖς," '1632. σεσῳσμένη τε κοὐ θανοῦσα πρὸς σέθεν. 1633. ἐγώ νιν ἐξέσῳσα κἀπὸ φασγάνου' "1634. τοῦ σοῦ κελευσθεὶς ἥρπας' ἐκ Διὸς πατρός." '1635. Ζηνὸς γὰρ οὖσαν ζῆν νιν ἄφθιτον χρεών,' "1636. Κάστορί τε Πολυδεύκει τ' ἐν αἰθέρος πτυχαῖς" '1637. σύνθακος ἔσται, ναυτίλοις σωτήριος. 1638. ἄλλην δὲ νύμφην ἐς δόμους κτῆσαι λαβών, 1639. ἐπεὶ θεοὶ τῷ τῆσδε καλλιστεύματι 1640. ̔́Ελληνας εἰς ἓν καὶ Φρύγας συνήγαγον,' "1641. θανάτους τ' ἔθηκαν, ὡς ἀπαντλοῖεν χθονὸς" '1642. ὕβρισμα θνητῶν ἀφθόνου πληρώματος.' "1643. τὰ μὲν καθ' ̔Ελένην ὧδ' ἔχει: σὲ δ' αὖ χρεών," "1644. ̓Ορέστα, γαίας τῆσδ' ὑπερβαλόνθ' ὅρους" '1645. Παρράσιον οἰκεῖν δάπεδον ἐνιαυτοῦ κύκλον. 1646. κεκλήσεται δὲ σῆς φυγῆς ἐπώνυμον' "1647. ̓Αζᾶσιν ̓Αρκάσιν τ' ̓Ορέστειον καλεῖν." "1648. ἐνθένδε δ' ἐλθὼν τὴν ̓Αθηναίων πόλιν" '1649. δίκην ὑπόσχες αἵματος μητροκτόνου 1650. Εὐμενίσι τρισσαῖς: θεοὶ δέ σοι δίκης βραβῆς 1651. πάγοισιν ἐν ̓Αρείοισιν εὐσεβεστάτην' "1652. ψῆφον διοίσους', ἔνθα νικῆσαί σε χρή." "1653. ἐφ' ἧς δ' ἔχεις, ̓Ορέστα, φάσγανον δέρῃ," "1654. γῆμαι πέπρωταί ς' ̔Ερμιόνην: ὃς δ' οἴεται" '1655. Νεοπτόλεμος γαμεῖν νιν, οὐ γαμεῖ ποτε. 1656. θανεῖν γὰρ αὐτῷ μοῖρα Δελφικῷ ξίφει, 1657. δίκας ̓Αχιλλέως πατρὸς ἐξαιτοῦντά με.' "1658. Πυλάδῃ δ' ἀδελφῆς λέκτρον, ὥς ποτ' ᾔνεσας," "1659. δός: ὁ δ' ἐπιών νιν βίοτος εὐδαίμων μένει." "1660. ̓́Αργους δ' ̓Ορέστην, Μενέλεως, ἔα κρατεῖν," "1661. ἐλθὼν δ' ἄνασσε Σπαρτιάτιδος χθονός," '1662. φερνὰς ἔχων δάμαρτος, ἥ σε μυρίοις' "1663. πόνοις διδοῦσα δεῦρ' ἀεὶ διήνυσεν." "1664. τὰ πρὸς πόλιν δὲ τῷδ' ἐγὼ θήσω καλῶς," "1665. ὅς νιν φονεῦσαι μητέρ' ἐξηνάγκασα." "". None | 1625. Appearing in the clouds. Menelaus, calm your anger that has been whetted; I am Phoebus, the son of Leto, drawing near to call you by name. And you also, Orestes, who are keeping guard on the girl, sword in hand, so that you may hear what I have come to say. Helen, whom all your eagerne'1626. Appearing in the clouds. Menelaus, calm your anger that has been whetted; I am Phoebus, the son of Leto, drawing near to call you by name. And you also, Orestes, who are keeping guard on the girl, sword in hand, so that you may hear what I have come to say. Helen, whom all your eagerne 1630. failed to destroy, when you were seeking to anger Menelaus, is here as you see in the enfolding air, rescued from death and not slain by you. I saved her and snatched her from beneath your sword at the bidding of father Zeus, 1635. for she, his child, must be immortal, and take her seat with Castor and Polydeuces in the enfolding air, a savior to mariners. Choose another bride and take her to your home; for the gods by that one’s loveline 1640. joined Troy and Hellas in battle, causing death so that they might draw off from the earth the outrage of unstinting numbers of mortals. 1643. So much for Helen; as for you, Orestes, you must cross the broders of this land 1645. and dwell for one whole year on Parrhasian soil, which from your flight shall be called the land of Orestes by Azanians and Arcadians. And when you return from there to the city of Athens , undergo your trial by the Avenging Three for your mother’s murder; 1650. the gods will be arbitrators of your trial, and will take a most righteous vote on you at the hill of Ares, where you are to win your case. And it is destined, Orestes, that you will marry Hermione, at whose neck you are holding your sword; 1655. Neoptolemus shall never marry her, though he thinks he will; for he is fated to die by a Delphian sword, when he claims satisfaction of me for the death of his father Achilles. Give your sister in marriage to Pylades, to whom you formerly promised her; the life awaiting him is one of happiness. 1660. Menelaus, leave Orestes to rule Argos ; go and reign over the Spartan land, keeping it as the dowry of a wife who till this day never ceased causing you innumerable troubles. I will set matters straight between Orestes and the citizens, 1665. for I forced him to murder his mother. Oreste '. None |
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42. Euripides, Phoenician Women, 159-160, 174, 857, 1090-1199 (5th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Adrastus, flight to Athens • Athena, on Rhodes • Athena, on Rhodes, Lindia • Athena, on Rhodes, archaeology of • Athens • women, in Athens
Found in books: Augoustakis (2014) 205, 206; Barbato (2020) 183; Hawes (2021) 6; Kirichenko (2022) 103; Kowalzig (2007) 237; Naiden (2013) 101; Verhagen (2022) 205, 206
159. ἐκεῖνος ἑπτὰ παρθένων τάφου πέλας 160. Νιόβης ̓Αδράστῳ πλησίον παραστατεῖ.' "
174. σφάγια δ' ἅμ' αὐτῷ, γῆς φιλαίματοι ῥοαί." '
857. λαβὼν ἀπαρχὰς πολεμίων σκυλευμάτων.
1090. ἐπεὶ Κρέοντος παῖς ὁ γῆς ὑπερθανὼν'1091. πύργων ἐπ' ἄκρων στὰς μελάνδετον ξίφος" '1092. λαιμῶν διῆκε τῇδε γῇ σωτήριον, 1093. λόχους ἔνειμεν ἑπτὰ καὶ λοχαγέτας' "1094. πύλας ἐφ' ἑπτά, φύλακας ̓Αργείου δορός," "1095. σὸς παῖς, ἐφέδρους δ' ἱππότας μὲν ἱππόταις" "1096. ἔταξ', ὁπλίτας δ' ἀσπιδηφόροις ἔπι," '1097. ὡς τῷ νοσοῦντι τειχέων εἴη δορὸς' "1098. ἀλκὴ δι' ὀλίγου. περγάμων δ' ἀπ' ὀρθίων" '1099. λεύκασπιν εἰσορῶμεν ̓Αργείων στρατὸν 1100. Τευμησὸν ἐκλιπόντα, καὶ τάφρου πέλας 1101. δρόμῳ ξυνῆψαν ἄστυ Καδμείας χθονός. 1102. παιὰν δὲ καὶ σάλπιγγες ἐκελάδουν ὁμοῦ 1103. ἐκεῖθεν ἔκ τε τειχέων ἡμῶν πάρα. 1104. καὶ πρῶτα μὲν προσῆγε Νηίταις πύλαις 1105. λόχον πυκναῖσιν ἀσπίσιν πεφρικότα 1106. ὁ τῆς κυναγοῦ Παρθενοπαῖος ἔκγονος,' "1107. ἐπίσημ' ἔχων οἰκεῖον ἐν μέσῳ σάκει," '1108. ἑκηβόλοις τόξοισιν ̓Αταλάντην κάπρον 1109. χειρουμένην Αἰτωλόν. ἐς δὲ Προιτίδας' "1110. πύλας ἐχώρει σφάγι' ἔχων ἐφ' ἅρματι" "1111. ὁ μάντις ̓Αμφιάραος, οὐ σημεῖ' ἔχων" "1112. ὑβρισμέν', ἀλλὰ σωφρόνως ἄσημ' ὅπλα." "1113. ̓Ωγύγια δ' ἐς πυλώμαθ' ̔Ιππομέδων ἄναξ" "1114. ἔστειχ' ἔχων σημεῖον ἐν μέσῳ σάκει" '1115. στικτοῖς Πανόπτην ὄμμασιν δεδορκότα, 1116. τὰ μὲν σὺν ἄστρων ἐπιτολαῖσιν ὄμματα 1117. βλέποντα, τὰ δὲ κρύπτοντα δυνόντων μέτα, 1118. ὡς ὕστερον θανόντος εἰσορᾶν παρῆν. 1119. ̔Ομολωίσιν δὲ τάξιν εἶχε πρὸς πύλαις' "1120. Τυδεύς, λέοντος δέρος ἔχων ἐπ' ἀσπίδι" '1121. χαίτῃ πεφρικός: δεξιᾷ δὲ λαμπάδα 1122. Τιτὰν Προμηθεὺς ἔφερεν ὡς πρήσων πόλιν. 1123. ὁ σὸς δὲ Κρηναίαισι Πολυνείκης πύλαις' "1124. ̓́Αρη προσῆγε: Ποτνιάδες δ' ἐπ' ἀσπίδι" '1125. ἐπίσημα πῶλοι δρομάδες ἐσκίρτων φόβῳ, 1126. εὖ πως στρόφιγξιν ἔνδοθεν κυκλούμεναι' "1127. πόρπαχ' ὑπ' αὐτόν, ὥστε μαίνεσθαι δοκεῖν." "1128. ὁ δ' οὐκ ἔλασσον ̓́Αρεος ἐς μάχην φρονῶν" "1129. Καπανεὺς προσῆγε λόχον ἐπ' ̓Ηλέκτραις πύλαις:" "1130. σιδηρονώτοις δ' ἀσπίδος τύποις ἐπῆν" "1131. γίγας ἐπ' ὤμοις γηγενὴς ὅλην πόλιν" '1132. φέρων μοχλοῖσιν ἐξανασπάσας βάθρων, 1133. ὑπόνοιαν ἡμῖν οἷα πείσεται πόλις.' "1134. ταῖς δ' ἑβδόμαις ̓́Αδραστος ἐν πύλαισιν ἦν," "1135. ἑκατὸν ἐχίδναις ἀσπίδ' ἐκπληρῶν γραφῇ," '1136. ὕδρας ἔχων λαιοῖσιν ἐν βραχίοσιν' "1137. ̓Αργεῖον αὔχημ': ἐκ δὲ τειχέων μέσων" '1138. δράκοντες ἔφερον τέκνα Καδμείων γνάθοις.' "1139. παρῆν δ' ἑκάστου τῶνδέ μοι θεάματα" '1140. ξύνθημα παρφέροντι ποιμέσιν λόχων. 1141. καὶ πρῶτα μὲν τόξοισι καὶ μεσαγκύλοις' "1142. ἐμαρνάμεσθα σφενδόναις θ' ἑκηβόλοις" "1143. πετρῶν τ' ἀραγμοῖς: ὡς δ' ἐνικῶμεν μάχῃ," '1144. ἔκλαγξε Τυδεὺς καὶ σὸς ἐξαίφνης γόνος: 1145. ὦ τέκνα Δαναῶν, πρὶν κατεξάνθαι βολαῖς,' "1146. τί μέλλετ' ἄρδην πάντες ἐμπίπτειν πύλαις," "1147. γυμνῆτες ἱππῆς ἁρμάτων τ' ἐπιστάται;" "1148. ἠχῆς δ' ὅπως ἤκουσαν, οὔτις ἀργὸς ἦν:" "1149. πολλοὶ δ' ἔπιπτον κρᾶτας αἱματούμενοι," "1150. ἡμῶν τ' ἐς οὖδας εἶδες ἂν πρὸ τειχέων" '1151. πυκνοὺς κυβιστητῆρας ἐκπεπνευκότας:' "1152. ξηρὰν δ' ἔδευον γαῖαν αἵματος ῥοαῖς." "1153. ὁ δ' ̓Αρκάς, οὐκ ̓Αργεῖος, ̓Αταλάντης γόνος" '1154. τυφὼς πύλαισιν ὥς τις ἐμπεσὼν βοᾷ 1155. πῦρ καὶ δικέλλας, ὡς κατασκάψων πόλιν:' "1156. ἀλλ' ἔσχε μαργῶντ' αὐτὸν ἐναλίου θεοῦ" '1157. Περικλύμενος παῖς λᾶαν ἐμβαλὼν κάρᾳ' "1158. ἁμαξοπληθῆ, γεῖς' ἐπάλξεων ἄπο:" '1
159. ξανθὸν δὲ κρᾶτα διεπάλυνε καὶ ῥαφὰς' "1160. ἔρρηξεν ὀστέων, ἄρτι δ' οἰνωπὸν γένυν" "1161. καθῃμάτωσεν: οὐδ' ἀποίσεται βίον" '1162. τῇ καλλιτόξῳ μητρὶ Μαινάλου κόρῃ.' "1163. ἐπεὶ δὲ τάσδ' ἐσεῖδεν εὐτυχεῖς πύλας," "1164. ἄλλας ἐπῄει παῖς σός, εἱπόμην δ' ἐγώ." '1165. ὁρῶ δὲ Τυδέα καὶ παρασπιστὰς πυκνοὺς 1166. Αἰτωλίσιν λόγχαισιν εἰς ἄκρον στόμα' "1167. πύργων ἀκοντίζοντας, ὥστ' ἐπάλξεων" '1168. λιπεῖν ἐρίπνας φυγάδας: ἀλλά νιν πάλιν 1169. κυναγὸς ὡσεὶ παῖς σὸς ἐξαθροίζεται,' "1170. πύργοις δ' ἐπέστης' αὖθις. ἐς δ' ἄλλας πύλας" '1171. ἠπειγόμεσθα, τοῦτο παύσαντες νοσοῦν.' "1172. Καπανεὺς δὲ πῶς εἴποιμ' ἂν ὡς ἐμαίνετο;" '1173. μακραύχενος γὰρ κλίμακος προσαμβάσεις' "1
174. ἔχων ἐχώρει, καὶ τοσόνδ' ἐκόμπασε," "1175. μηδ' ἂν τὸ σεμνὸν πῦρ νιν εἰργαθεῖν Διὸς" "1176. τὸ μὴ οὐ κατ' ἄκρων περγάμων ἑλεῖν πόλιν." "1177. καὶ ταῦθ' ἅμ' ἠγόρευε καὶ πετρούμενος" "1178. ἀνεῖρφ' ὑπ' αὐτὴν ἀσπίδ' εἱλίξας δέμας," "1179. κλίμακος ἀμείβων ξέστ' ἐνηλάτων βάθρα." "1180. ἤδη δ' ὑπερβαίνοντα γεῖσα τειχέων" '1181. βάλλει κεραυνῷ Ζεύς νιν: ἐκτύπησε δὲ 1182. χθών, ὥστε δεῖσαι πάντας: ἐκ δὲ κλιμάκων 1183. ἐσφενδονᾶτο χωρὶς ἀλλήλων μέλη,' "1184. κόμαι μὲν εἰς ̓́Ολυμπον, αἷμα δ' ἐς χθόνα," "1185. χεῖρες δὲ καὶ κῶλ' ὡς κύκλωμ' ̓Ιξίονος" "1186. εἱλίσσετ': ἐς γῆν δ' ἔμπυρος πίπτει νεκρός." "1187. ὡς δ' εἶδ' ̓́Αδραστος Ζῆνα πολέμιον στρατῷ," '1188. ἔξω τάφρου καθῖσεν ̓Αργείων στρατόν.' "1189. οἱ δ' αὖ παρ' ἡμῶν δεξιὸν Διὸς τέρας" '1190. ἰδόντες ἐξήλαυνον ἁρμάτων ὄχους' "1191. ἱππῆς ὁπλῖται, κἀς μές' ̓Αργείων ὅπλα" "1192. συνῆψαν ἔγχη: πάντα δ' ἦν ὁμοῦ κακά:" '1193. ἔθνῃσκον ἐξέπιπτον ἀντύγων ἄπο,' "1194. τροχοί τ' ἐπήδων ἄξονές τ' ἐπ' ἄξοσι," "1195. νεκροὶ δὲ νεκροῖς ἐξεσωρεύονθ' ὁμοῦ." '1196. πύργων μὲν οὖν γῆς ἔσχομεν κατασκαφὰς' "1197. ἐς τὴν παροῦσαν ἡμέραν: εἰ δ' εὐτυχὴς" '1198. ἔσται τὸ λοιπὸν ἥδε γῆ, θεοῖς μέλει: 1199. καὶ νῦν γὰρ αὐτὴν δαιμόνων ἔσῳσέ τις. ". None | 159. He is standing by Adrastus, 160. near the tomb of Niobe’s seven unwed daughters. Do you see him? Antigone
174. That, lady, is the prophet Amphiaraus; with him are the victims, earth’s bloodthirsty streams. Antigone
857. I gave the victory to Cecrops’ sons, and I received this golden crown, as you see, the first-fruits of the enemy’s spoils. Creon
1090. After Creon’s son, who gave up his life for his country, had taken his stand on the turret’s top and plunged a dark-hilted sword through his throat to save this land, your son told off seven companies with their captains to the seven gates to keep watch on the Argive warriors,'1091. After Creon’s son, who gave up his life for his country, had taken his stand on the turret’s top and plunged a dark-hilted sword through his throat to save this land, your son told off seven companies with their captains to the seven gates to keep watch on the Argive warriors, 1095. and stationed cavalry to cover cavalry, and infantry to support infantry, so that assistance might be close at hand for any weak point in the walls. Then from our lofty towers we saw the Argive army with their white shields leaving 1100. Teumesus, and, when near the trench, they charged up to our Theban city at a run. In one loud burst from their ranks and from our walls rang out the battle-cry and trumpet-call. 1104. First to the Neitian gate, Parthenopaeus, son of the huntress, 1105. led a company bristling with thick rows of shields, and he had his own device in the centre of his shield: Atalanta slaying the Aetolian boar with an arrow shot from far. To the gates of Proetu 1110. came the prophet Amphiaraus, bringing the victims on a chariot; he had no boastful sign, but weapons chastely plain. 1113. Next lord Hippomedon came marching to the Ogygian gates with this device in the middle of his shield: 1115. Argus the all-seeing dappled with eyes on the watch, some open with the rising stars, others hiding when they set, as could be seen after he was slain. 1119. At the Homoloian gates Tydeus had his post, 1120. a lion’s skin with shaggy mane upon his shield, while the Titan Prometheus bore a torch in his right hand, to fire the town. 1123. Your own Polyneices led the battle against the Fountain gate; upon his shield for a device 1125. were the colts of Potniae galloping at frantic speed, revolving by some clever contrivance on pivots by the handle, so as to appear distraught. 1128. At Electra’s gate Capaneus brought up his company, bold as Ares for the battle; 1130. this device his shield bore upon its iron back: an earth-born giant carrying on his shoulders a whole city which he had wrenched from its base, a hint to us of the fate in store for Thebes . 1134. Adrastus was at the seventh gate; 1135. a hundred vipers engraved on his shield, as he bore on his left arm the hydra the boast of Argos , and serpents were carrying off in their jaws the sons of Thebes from within our very walls. Now I was able to see each of them, 1140. as I carried the watch-word along to the leaders of our companies. 1141. To begin with, we fought with bows and thonged javelins, with slings that shoot from far and crashing stones; and as we were conquering, Tydeus and your son suddenly cried aloud: 1145. You sons of Danaus, before you are torn to pieces by their attack, why delay to fall upon the gates with all your might, light-armed and cavalry and charioteers? No loitering then, soon as they heard that call; and many fell with bloody head, 1150. and many of us you could have seen thrown to the earth like tumblers before the walls, breathing their last, bedewing the dry ground with streams of blood. 1153. Then Atalanta’s son, who was not an Argive but an Arcadian, hurling himself like a hurricane at the gates, called for 1155. fire and picks to raze the town; but Periclymenus, son of the ocean-god, stayed his wild career, heaving on his head a wagon-load of stone, the coping from the battlements; and it shattered his head with yellow hair and 1160. crashed through the seams of the skull, dabbling with blood his fresh cheek; and he will never go back alive to his mother with her lovely bow, the maid of Maenalus. 1163. Your son then, seeing these gates secure, went on to the next, and I followed him. 1165. I saw Tydeus and his thick rows of targeteers hurling their Aetolian spears into the opening at the top of the turrets, so that our men fled and left the battlements; but your son rallied them once more, as a huntsman cheers his hounds, 1170. and stationed them at the towers again. And then we hastened to other gates, after stopping the affliction there. As for the madness of Capaneus, how can I describe it? He was going about with a long scaling-ladder, and boasting 1175. that even the holy fire of Zeus would not hold him back from giving the city to utter destruction. And even as he spoke, he climbed up beneath the hail of stones, crouched under the shelter of his shield, rung by smooth rung going up the ladder. 1180. But, just as he was scaling the parapet of the wall, Zeus smote him with a thunderbolt; the earth re-echoed, and fear seized everyone; for from the ladder his limbs were slung far apart, his head toward Olympus , his blood toward earth, 1185. while his legs and arms went spinning round like Ixion’s wheel he was hurled, spinnning; his burning corpse fell to the ground. 1187. But when Adrastus saw that Zeus was hostile to his army, he drew the Argive troops outside the trench. Meanwhile our armed cavalry, seeing the lucky omen of Zeus before us, 1190. were driving forth their chariots, and the armed men charged with spears into the middle of the Argives, and all troubles happened at once: men were dying, hurled headlong from chariots, wheels flew off, axles crashed together, 1195. while the dead were heaped up on the dead. So for to-day we have prevented destruction of the towers of our land; but if this land will be fortunate for the future, that rests with the gods; for even now it owes its safety to some deity. Chorus Leader '. None |
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43. Euripides, Rhesus, 963, 970-973 (5th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Athena • Athens • Athens, Athenian
Found in books: Lipka (2021) 99; Meister (2019) 133; Waldner et al (2016) 33
963. τοσόνδε Νύμφην τὴν ἔνερθ' αἰτήσομαι,"
970. κρυπτὸς δ' ἐν ἄντροις τῆς ὑπαργύρου χθονὸς" '971. ἀνθρωποδαίμων κείσεται βλέπων φάος, 972. Βάκχου προφήτης ὥστε Παγγαίου πέτραν 973. ᾤκησε, σεμνὸς τοῖσιν εἰδόσιν θεός.' "". None | 963. of Death’s eternal bride, the heavenly-born'
970. Alone for ever, in a caverned place 971. A Man yet Spirit, he shall live in light: 972. As under far Pangaion Orpheus lies, 973. Priest of great light and worshipped of the wise. '. None |
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44. Euripides, Suppliant Women, 155, 158, 315-319, 399-584, 594-597, 741, 980-1113, 1174-1175, 1183-1226 (5th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Acropolis (Athens) • Acropolis, Athens • Adrastus, flight to Athens • Alopeke deme,Athens, altars,swearing at • Areopagus, Athens • Argos, and Athens • Athena • Athena Nike • Athena the Gorgon-slayer,oaths, invoking • Athena, Polias • Athena, importance in Athens • Athena, oaths invoking • Athens • Athens and Argos • Athens and Argos (in tragedy) • Athens, Athenians, and Amphiaraos • Athens, and Ajax • Athens, and identity • Athens, as tyranny • Athens, political myth of • Constitution of Athens (Aristotle) • Eleusinion (Athens) • Gorgon-slayer (Athena),oaths invoking • Hephaestaeum (Athens) • Lysistratus of Athens • Suppliant Women Athenas intervention and return to arms • Thebes, and Athens • alliance with Athens (political, reality) • alliance with Athens (tragedy) • democracy, in Athens • official oaths, Gerarai oath in Athens • politics, Athens, political myth of • women, in Athens
Found in books: Augoustakis (2014) 206, 207, 208, 209; Barbato (2020) 184, 202; Bricault and Bonnet (2013) 138; Castagnoli and Ceccarelli (2019) 82, 109, 110; Ekroth (2013) 42, 44; Henderson (2020) 10, 18; Hesk (2000) 34; Jouanna (2018) 159, 160, 677; Kirichenko (2022) 103; Lipka (2021) 95; Mcclellan (2019) 213; Mikalson (2003) 206; Naiden (2013) 119, 121, 122, 123, 133, 136, 137, 140, 143, 144, 146, 153, 159, 160, 164; Pucci (2016) 107, 116, 131, 138, 139, 140, 141; Seaford (2018) 105; Sommerstein and Torrance (2014) 60, 136, 139, 149, 150; Verhagen (2022) 206, 207, 208, 209; Wilding (2022) 35
155. μάντεις δ' ἐπῆλθες ἐμπύρων τ' εἶδες φλόγα;" '
158. τὸ δὲ πλέον, ἦλθον ̓Αμφιάρεώ γε πρὸς βίαν.
315. πόλει παρόν σοι στέφανον εὐκλείας λαβεῖν, 316. δείσας ἀπέστης, καὶ συὸς μὲν ἀγρίου 317. ἀγῶνος ἥψω φαῦλον ἀθλήσας πόνον,' "318. οὗ δ' ἐς κράνος βλέψαντα καὶ λόγχης ἀκμὴν" '319. χρῆν ἐκπονῆσαι, δειλὸς ὢν ἐφηυρέθης.' "
399. τίς γῆς τύραννος; πρὸς τίν' ἀγγεῖλαί με χρὴ" '400. λόγους Κρέοντος, ὃς κρατεῖ Κάδμου χθονὸς' "401. ̓Ετεοκλέους θανόντος ἀμφ' ἑπταστόμους" '402. πύλας ἀδελφῇ χειρὶ Πολυνείκους ὕπο; 403. πρῶτον μὲν ἤρξω τοῦ λόγου ψευδῶς, ξένε,' "404. ζητῶν τύραννον ἐνθάδ': οὐ γὰρ ἄρχεται" "405. ἑνὸς πρὸς ἀνδρός, ἀλλ' ἐλευθέρα πόλις." "406. δῆμος δ' ἀνάσσει διαδοχαῖσιν ἐν μέρει" '407. ἐνιαυσίαισιν, οὐχὶ τῷ πλούτῳ διδοὺς 408. τὸ πλεῖστον, ἀλλὰ χὡ πένης ἔχων ἴσον.' "409. ἓν μὲν τόδ' ἡμῖν ὥσπερ ἐν πεσσοῖς δίδως" "410. κρεῖσσον: πόλις γὰρ ἧς ἐγὼ πάρειμ' ἄπο" '411. ἑνὸς πρὸς ἀνδρός, οὐκ ὄχλῳ κρατύνεται:' "412. οὐδ' ἔστιν αὐτὴν ὅστις ἐκχαυνῶν λόγοις" "413. πρὸς κέρδος ἴδιον ἄλλοτ' ἄλλοσε στρέφει," "414. τὸ δ' αὐτίχ' ἡδὺς καὶ διδοὺς πολλὴν χάριν," "415. ἐσαῦθις ἔβλαψ', εἶτα διαβολαῖς νέαις" "416. κλέψας τὰ πρόσθε σφάλματ' ἐξέδυ δίκης." '417. ἄλλως τε πῶς ἂν μὴ διορθεύων λόγους' "418. ὀρθῶς δύναιτ' ἂν δῆμος εὐθύνειν πόλιν;" '419. ὁ γὰρ χρόνος μάθησιν ἀντὶ τοῦ τάχους' "420. κρείσσω δίδωσι. γαπόνος δ' ἀνὴρ πένης," '421. εἰ καὶ γένοιτο μὴ ἀμαθής, ἔργων ὕπο' "422. οὐκ ἂν δύναιτο πρὸς τὰ κοίν' ἀποβλέπειν." '423. ἦ δὴ νοσῶδες τοῦτο τοῖς ἀμείνοσιν,' "424. ὅταν πονηρὸς ἀξίωμ' ἀνὴρ ἔχῃ" '425. γλώσσῃ κατασχὼν δῆμον, οὐδὲν ὢν τὸ πρίν.' "426. κομψός γ' ὁ κῆρυξ καὶ παρεργάτης λόγων." "427. ἐπεὶ δ' ἀγῶνα καὶ σὺ τόνδ' ἠγωνίσω," "428. ἄκου': ἅμιλλαν γὰρ σὺ προύθηκας λόγων." '429. οὐδὲν τυράννου δυσμενέστερον πόλει, 430. ὅπου τὸ μὲν πρώτιστον οὐκ εἰσὶν νόμοι' "431. κοινοί, κρατεῖ δ' εἷς τὸν νόμον κεκτημένος" "432. αὐτὸς παρ' αὑτῷ: καὶ τόδ' οὐκέτ' ἔστ' ἴσον." "433. γεγραμμένων δὲ τῶν νόμων ὅ τ' ἀσθενὴς" '434. ὁ πλούσιός τε τὴν δίκην ἴσην ἔχει,' "435. ἔστιν δ' ἐνισπεῖν τοῖσιν ἀσθενεστέροις" "436. τὸν εὐτυχοῦντα ταὔθ', ὅταν κλύῃ κακῶς," "437. νικᾷ δ' ὁ μείων τὸν μέγαν δίκαι' ἔχων." "438. τοὐλεύθερον δ' ἐκεῖνο: Τίς θέλει πόλει" "439. χρηστόν τι βούλευμ' ἐς μέσον φέρειν ἔχων;" "440. καὶ ταῦθ' ὁ χρῄζων λαμπρός ἐσθ', ὁ μὴ θέλων" "441. σιγᾷ. τί τούτων ἔστ' ἰσαίτερον πόλει;" '442. καὶ μὴν ὅπου γε δῆμος αὐθέντης χθονός, 443. ὑποῦσιν ἀστοῖς ἥδεται νεανίαις: 444. ἀνὴρ δὲ βασιλεὺς ἐχθρὸν ἡγεῖται τόδε,' "445. καὶ τοὺς ἀρίστους οὕς τ' ἂν ἡγῆται φρονεῖν" '446. κτείνει, δεδοικὼς τῆς τυραννίδος πέρι.' "447. πῶς οὖν ἔτ' ἂν γένοιτ' ἂν ἰσχυρὰ πόλις," '448. ὅταν τις ὡς λειμῶνος ἠρινοῦ στάχυν 449. τόλμας ἀφαιρῇ κἀπολωτίζῃ νέους; 450. κτᾶσθαι δὲ πλοῦτον καὶ βίον τί δεῖ τέκνοις' "451. ὡς τῷ τυράννῳ πλείον' ἐκμοχθῇ βίον;" '452. ἢ παρθενεύειν παῖδας ἐν δόμοις καλῶς, 453. τερπνὰς τυράννοις ἡδονάς, ὅταν θέλῃ,' "454. δάκρυα δ' ἑτοιμάζουσι; μὴ ζῴην ἔτι," '455. εἰ τἀμὰ τέκνα πρὸς βίαν νυμφεύσεται. 456. καὶ ταῦτα μὲν δὴ πρὸς τὰ σὰ ἐξηκόντισα. 457. ἥκεις δὲ δὴ τί τῆσδε γῆς κεχρημένος;' "458. κλαίων γ' ἂν ἦλθες, εἴ σε μὴ '†πεμψεν πόλις," '459. περισσὰ φωνῶν: τὸν γὰρ ἄγγελον χρεὼν' "460. λέξανθ' ὅς' ἂν τάξῃ τις ὡς τάχος πάλιν" "461. χωρεῖν. τὸ λοιπὸν δ' εἰς ἐμὴν πόλιν Κρέων" "462. ἧσσον λάλον σου πεμπέτω τιν' ἄγγελον." '463. φεῦ φεῦ: κακοῖσιν ὡς ὅταν δαίμων διδῷ' "464. καλῶς, ὑβρίζους' ὡς ἀεὶ πράξοντες εὖ." "465. λέγοιμ' ἂν ἤδη. τῶν μὲν ἠγωνισμένων" "466. σοὶ μὲν δοκείτω ταῦτ', ἐμοὶ δὲ τἀντία." "467. ἐγὼ δ' ἀπαυδῶ πᾶς τε Καδμεῖος λεὼς" '468. ̓́Αδραστον ἐς γῆν τήνδε μὴ παριέναι:' "469. εἰ δ' ἔστιν ἐν γῇ, πρὶν θεοῦ δῦναι σέλας," '470. λύσαντα σεμνὰ στεμμάτων μυστήρια' "471. τῆσδ' ἐξελαύνειν, μηδ' ἀναιρεῖσθαι νεκροὺς" "472. βίᾳ, προσήκοντ' οὐδὲν ̓Αργείων πόλει." '473. κἂν μὲν πίθῃ μοι, κυμάτων ἄτερ πόλιν 474. σὴν ναυστολήσεις: εἰ δὲ μή, πολὺς κλύδων' "475. ἡμῖν τε καὶ σοὶ συμμάχοις τ' ἔσται δορός." '476. σκέψαι δέ, καὶ μὴ τοῖς ἐμοῖς θυμούμενος 477. λόγοισιν, ὡς δὴ πόλιν ἐλευθέραν ἔχων,' "478. σφριγῶντ' ἀμείψῃ μῦθον ἐκ βραχιόνων:" "479. ἐλπὶς γάρ ἐστ' ἄπιστον, ἣ πολλὰς πόλεις" "480. συνῆψ', ἄγουσα θυμὸν εἰς ὑπερβολάς." '481. ὅταν γὰρ ἔλθῃ πόλεμος ἐς ψῆφον λεώ,' "482. οὐδεὶς ἔθ' αὑτοῦ θάνατον ἐκλογίζεται," "483. τὸ δυστυχὲς δὲ τοῦτ' ἐς ἄλλον ἐκτρέπει:" "484. εἰ δ' ἦν παρ' ὄμμα θάνατος ἐν ψήφου φορᾷ," "485. οὐκ ἄν ποθ' ̔Ελλὰς δοριμανὴς ἀπώλλυτο." '486. καίτοι δυοῖν γε πάντες ἄνθρωποι λόγοιν' "487. τὸν κρείσσον' ἴσμεν, καὶ τὰ χρηστὰ καὶ κακά," '488. ὅσῳ τε πολέμου κρεῖσσον εἰρήνη βροτοῖς: 489. ἣ πρῶτα μὲν Μούσαισι προσφιλεστάτη,' "490. Ποιναῖσι δ' ἐχθρά, τέρπεται δ' εὐπαιδίᾳ," "491. χαίρει δὲ πλούτῳ. ταῦτ' ἀφέντες οἱ κακοὶ" '492. πολέμους ἀναιρούμεσθα καὶ τὸν ἥσσονα' "493. δουλούμεθ', ἄνδρες ἄνδρα καὶ πόλις πόλιν." "494. σὺ δ' ἄνδρας ἐχθροὺς καὶ θανόντας ὠφελεῖς," "495. θάπτων κομίζων θ' ὕβρις οὓς ἀπώλεσεν;" "496. οὔ τἄρ' ἔτ' ὀρθῶς Καπανέως κεραύνιον" '497. δέμας καπνοῦται, κλιμάκων ὀρθοστάτας 498. ὃς προσβαλὼν πύλῃσιν ὤμοσεν πόλιν 499. πέρσειν θεοῦ θέλοντος ἤν τε μὴ θέλῃ;' "500. οὐδ' ἥρπασεν χάρυβδις οἰωνοσκόπον," '501. τέθριππον ἅρμα περιβαλοῦσα χάσματι, 502. ἄλλοι τε κεῖνται πρὸς πύλαις λοχαγέται 503. πέτροις καταξανθέντες ὀστέων ῥαφάς; 504. ἤ νυν φρονεῖν ἄμεινον ἐξαύχει Διός, 505. ἢ θεοὺς δικαίως τοὺς κακοὺς ἀπολλύναι. 506. φιλεῖν μὲν οὖν χρὴ τοὺς σοφοὺς πρῶτον τέκνα,' "507. ἔπειτα τοκέας πατρίδα θ', ἣν αὔξειν χρεὼν" '508. καὶ μὴ κατᾶξαι. σφαλερὸν ἡγεμὼν θρασύς: 509. νεώς τε ναύτης ἥσυχος, καιρῷ σοφός.' "510. καὶ τοῦτ' ἐμοὶ τἀνδρεῖον, ἡ προμηθία." '511. ἐξαρκέσας ἦν Ζεὺς ὁ τιμωρούμενος,' "512. ὑμᾶς δ' ὑβρίζειν οὐκ ἐχρῆν τοιάνδ' ὕβριν." "513. ὦ παγκάκιστε — σῖγ', ̓́Αδραστ', ἔχε στόμα," "514. καὶ μὴ 'πίπροσθεν τῶν ἐμῶν τοὺς σοὺς λόγους" '515. θῇς: οὐ γὰρ ἥκει πρὸς σὲ κηρύσσων ὅδε,' "516. ἀλλ' ὡς ἔμ': ἡμᾶς κἀποκρίνασθαι χρεών." "517. καὶ πρῶτα μέν σε πρὸς τὰ πρῶτ' ἀμείψομαι." "518. οὐκ οἶδ' ἐγὼ Κρέοντα δεσπόζοντ' ἐμοῦ" "519. οὐδὲ σθένοντα μεῖζον, ὥστ' ἀναγκάσαι" "520. δρᾶν τὰς ̓Αθήνας ταῦτ': ἄνω γὰρ ἂν ῥέοι" "521. τὰ πράγμαθ' οὕτως, εἰ 'πιταξόμεσθα δή." '522. πόλεμον δὲ τοῦτον οὐκ ἐγὼ καθίσταμαι,' "523. ὃς οὐδὲ σὺν τοῖσδ' ἦλθον ἐς Κάδμου χθόνα:" '524. νεκροὺς δὲ τοὺς θανόντας, οὐ βλάπτων πόλιν' "525. οὐδ' ἀνδροκμῆτας προσφέρων ἀγωνίας," '526. θάψαι δικαιῶ, τὸν Πανελλήνων νόμον 527. σῴζων. τί τούτων ἐστὶν οὐ καλῶς ἔχον;' "528. εἰ γάρ τι καὶ πεπόνθατ' ̓Αργείων ὕπο," '529. τεθνᾶσιν, ἠμύνασθε πολεμίους καλῶς,' "530. αἰσχρῶς δ' ἐκείνοις, χἡ δίκη διοίχεται." "531. ἐάσατ' ἤδη γῇ καλυφθῆναι νεκρούς," "532. ὅθεν δ' ἕκαστον ἐς τὸ φῶς ἀφίκετο," "533. ἐνταῦθ' ἀπελθεῖν, πνεῦμα μὲν πρὸς αἰθέρα," "534. τὸ σῶμα δ' ἐς γῆν: οὔτι γὰρ κεκτήμεθα" '535. ἡμέτερον αὐτὸ πλὴν ἐνοικῆσαι βίον, 536. κἄπειτα τὴν θρέψασαν αὐτὸ δεῖ λαβεῖν. 537. δοκεῖς κακουργεῖν ̓́Αργος οὐ θάπτων νεκρούς; 538. ἥκιστα: πάσης ̔Ελλάδος κοινὸν τόδε, 539. εἰ τοὺς θανόντας νοσφίσας ὧν χρῆν λαχεῖν 540. ἀτάφους τις ἕξει: δειλίαν γὰρ ἐσφέρει 541. τοῖς ἀλκίμοισιν οὗτος ἢν τεθῇ νόμος.' "542. κἀμοὶ μὲν ἦλθες δείν' ἀπειλήσων ἔπη," "543. νεκροὺς δὲ ταρβεῖτ', εἰ κρυβήσονται χθονί;" '544. τί μὴ γένηται; μὴ κατασκάψωσι γῆν' "545. ταφέντες ὑμῶν; ἢ τέκν' ἐν μυχῷ χθονὸς" '546. φύσωσιν, ἐξ ὧν εἶσί τις τιμωρία; 547. σκαιόν γε τἀνάλωμα τῆς γλώσσης τόδε, 548. φόβους πονηροὺς καὶ κενοὺς δεδοικέναι.' "549. ἀλλ', ὦ μάταιοι, γνῶτε τἀνθρώπων κακά:" "550. παλαίσμαθ' ἡμῶν ὁ βίος: εὐτυχοῦσι δὲ" "551. οἳ μὲν τάχ', οἳ δ' ἐσαῦθις, οἳ δ' ἤδη βροτῶν," "552. τρυφᾷ δ' ὁ δαίμων: πρός τε γὰρ τοῦ δυστυχοῦς," '553. ὡς εὐτυχήσῃ, τίμιος γεραίρεται,' "554. ὅ τ' ὄλβιός νιν πνεῦμα δειμαίνων λιπεῖν" '555. ὑψηλὸν αἴρει. γνόντας οὖν χρεὼν τάδε 556. ἀδικουμένους τε μέτρια μὴ θυμῷ φέρειν' "557. ἀδικεῖν τε τοιαῦθ' οἷα μὴ βλάψαι πόλιν." '558. πῶς οὖν ἂν εἴη; τοὺς ὀλωλότας νεκροὺς 559. θάψαι δὸς ἡμῖν τοῖς θέλουσιν εὐσεβεῖν.' "560. ἢ δῆλα τἀνθένδ': εἶμι καὶ θάψω βίᾳ." "561. οὐ γάρ ποτ' εἰς ̔́Ελληνας ἐξοισθήσεται" "562. ὡς εἰς ἔμ' ἐλθὼν καὶ πόλιν Πανδίονος" '563. νόμος παλαιὸς δαιμόνων διεφθάρη. 564. θάρσει: τὸ γάρ τοι τῆς Δίκης σῴζων φάος 565. πολλοὺς ὑπεκφύγοις ἂν ἀνθρώπων ψόγους. 566. βούλῃ συνάψω μῦθον ἐν βραχεῖ †σέθεν†;' "567. λέγ', εἴ τι βούλῃ: καὶ γὰρ οὐ σιγηλὸς εἶ." "568. οὐκ ἄν ποτ' ἐκ γῆς παῖδας ̓Αργείων λάβοις." '569. κἀμοῦ νυν ἀντάκουσον, εἰ βούλῃ, πάλιν.' "570. κλύοιμ' ἄν: οὐ γὰρ ἀλλὰ δεῖ δοῦναι μέρος." '571. θάψω νεκροὺς γῆς ἐξελὼν ̓Ασωπίας. 572. ἐν ἀσπίσιν σοι πρῶτα κινδυνευτέον. 573. πολλοὺς ἔτλην δὴ †χἁτέρους ἄλλους πόνους†.' "574. ἦ πᾶσιν οὖν ς' ἔφυσεν ἐξαρκεῖν πατήρ;" "575. ὅσοι γ' ὑβρισταί: χρηστὰ δ' οὐ κολάζομεν." "576. πράσσειν σὺ πόλλ' εἴωθας ἥ τε σὴ πόλις." "577. τοιγὰρ πονοῦσα πολλὰ πόλλ' εὐδαιμονεῖ." "578. ἔλθ', ὥς σε λόγχη σπαρτὸς ἐν πόλει λάβῃ." "579. τίς δ' ἐκ δράκοντος θοῦρος ἂν γένοιτ' ̓́Αρης;" "580. γνώσῃ σὺ πάσχων: νῦν δ' ἔτ' εἶ νεανίας." "581. οὔτοι μ' ἐπαρεῖς ὥστε θυμῶσαι φρένας" "582. τοῖς σοῖσι κόμποις: ἀλλ' ἀποστέλλου χθονός," '583. λόγους ματαίους οὕσπερ ἠνέγκω λαβών. 584. περαίνομεν γὰρ οὐδέν.
594. ἓν δεῖ μόνον μοι: τοὺς θεοὺς ἔχειν, ὅσοι' "595. δίκην σέβονται: ταῦτα γὰρ ξυνόνθ' ὁμοῦ" "596. νίκην δίδωσιν. ἁρετὴ δ' οὐδὲν λέγει" "597. βροτοῖσιν, ἢ μὴ τὸν θεὸν χρῄζοντ' ἔχῃ." "
741. κἄπειτ' ἀπωλόμεσθα. ὁ δ' αὖ τότ' εὐτυχής," "
980. καὶ μὴν θαλάμας τάσδ' ἐσορῶ δὴ" "981. Καπανέως ἤδη τύμβον θ' ἱερὸν" "982. μελάθρων τ' ἐκτὸς" '983. Θησέως ἀναθήματα νεκροῖς,' "984. κλεινήν τ' ἄλοχον τοῦ καπφθιμένου" '985. τοῦδε κεραυνῷ πέλας Εὐάδνην, 986. ἣν ̓͂Ιφις ἄναξ παῖδα φυτεύει.' "987. τί ποτ' αἰθερίαν ἕστηκε πέτραν," '988. ἣ τῶνδε δόμων ὑπερακρίζει,' "989. τήνδ' ἐμβαίνουσα κέλευθον;" "990. τί φέγγος, τίν' αἴγλαν" "991. ἐδίφρευε τόθ' ἅλιος" "992. σελάνα τε κατ' αἰθέρα," "993. †λαμπάδ' ἵν' ὠκυθόαι νύμφαι†," "994. ἱππεύουσι δι' ὀρφναίας," '995. ἁνίκα γάμων γάμων 996. τῶν ἐμῶν πόλις ̓́Αργους 997. ἀοιδάς, εὐδαιμονίας, 998. ἐπύργωσε καὶ γαμέτα 999. χαλκεοτευχοῦς, αἰαῖ, Καπανέως.' "1000. πρός ς' ἔβαν δρομὰς ἐξ ἐμῶν"1001. οἴκων ἐκβακχευσαμένα, 1002. πυρᾶς φῶς τάφον τε 1003. βατεύσουσα τὸν αὐτόν,' "1004. ἐς ̔́Αιδαν καταλύσους' ἔμμοχθον" '1005. βίοτον αἰῶνός τε πόνους: 1006. ἥδιστος γάρ τοι θάνατος 1007. συνθνῄσκειν θνῄσκουσι φίλοις, 1008. εἰ δαίμων τάδε κραίνοι.' "1009. καὶ μὴν ὁρᾷς τήνδ' ἧς ἐφέστηκας πέλας" "1010. πυράν, Διὸς θησαυρόν, ἔνθ' ἔνεστι σὸς" '1011. πόσις δαμασθεὶς λαμπάσιν κεραυνίοις. 1012. ὁρῶ δὴ τελευτάν,' "1013. ἵν' ἕστακα: τύχα δέ μοι" '1014. ξυνάπτοι ποδός: ἀλλὰ τᾶς 1015. εὐκλεί̈ας χάριν ἔνθεν ὁρ-' "1016. μάσω τᾶσδ' ἀπὸ πέτρας πη-" '1017. δήσασα πυρὸς ἔσω,' "1018. σῶμά τ' αἴθοπι φλογμῷ" '1020. πόσει συμμείξασα, φίλον 1021. χρῶτα χρωτὶ πέλας θεμένα, 1022. Φερσεφονείας ἥξω θαλάμους,' "1023. σὲ τὸν θανόντ' οὔποτ' ἐμᾷ" '1024. προδοῦσα ψυχᾷ κατὰ γᾶς. 1025. ἴτω φῶς γάμοι τε:' "1026. ἴθ' αἵτινες εὐναὶ" '1027. δικαίων ὑμεναίων ἐν ̓́Αργει' "1028. φανῶσιν τέκνοις: ὅσιος δ'" '1029. ὅσιος εὐναῖος γαμέτας 1030. συντηχθεὶς αὔραις ἀδόλοις' "1031. καὶ μὴν ὅδ' αὐτὸς σὸς πατὴρ βαίνει πέλας" '1032. γεραιὸς ̓͂Ιφις ἐς νεωτέρους λόγους, 1033. οὓς οὐ κατειδὼς πρόσθεν ἀλγήσει κλύων.' "1034. ὦ δυστάλαιναι, δυστάλας δ' ἐγὼ γέρων," "1035. ἥκω διπλοῦν πένθημ' ὁμαιμόνων ἔχων," '1036. τὸν μὲν θανόντα παῖδα Καδμείων δορὶ 1037. ̓Ετέοκλον ἐς γῆν πατρίδα ναυσθλώσων νεκρόν,' "1038. ζητῶν τ' ἐμὴν παῖδ', ἣ δόμων ἐξώπιος" '1039. βέβηκε πηδήσασα Καπανέως δάμαρ, 1040. θανεῖν ἐρῶσα σὺν πόσει. χρόνον μὲν οὖν' "1041. τὸν πρόσθ' ἐφρουρεῖτ' ἐν δόμοις: ἐπεὶ δ' ἐγὼ" '1042. φυλακὰς ἀνῆκα τοῖς παρεστῶσιν κακοῖς, 1043. βέβηκεν. ἀλλὰ τῇδέ νιν δοξάζομεν' "1044. μάλιστ' ἂν εἶναι: φράζετ' εἰ κατείδετε." "1045. τί τάσδ' ἐρωτᾷς; ἥδ' ἐγὼ πέτρας ἔπι" '1046. ὄρνις τις ὡσεὶ Καπανέως ὑπὲρ πυρᾶς 1047. δύστηνον αἰώρημα κουφίζω, πάτερ. 1048. τέκνον, τίς αὔρα; τίς στόλος; τίνος χάριν' "1049. δόμων ὑπεκβᾶς' ἦλθες ἐς τήνδε χθόνα;" '1050. ὀργὴν λάβοις ἂν τῶν ἐμῶν βουλευμάτων' "1051. κλύων: ἀκοῦσαι δ' οὔ σε βούλομαι, πάτερ." "1052. τί δ'; οὐ δίκαιον πατέρα τὸν σὸν εἰδέναι;" '1053. κριτὴς ἂν εἴης οὐ σοφὸς γνώμης ἐμῆς. 1054. σκευῇ δὲ τῇδε τοῦ χάριν κοσμεῖς δέμας; 1055. θέλει τι κλεινὸν οὗτος ὁ στολμός, πάτερ.' "1056. ὡς οὐκ ἐπ' ἀνδρὶ πένθιμος πρέπεις ὁρᾶν." '1057. ἐς γάρ τι πρᾶγμα νεοχμὸν ἐσκευάσμεθα. 1058. κἄπειτα τύμβῳ καὶ πυρᾷ φαίνῃ πέλας; 1059. ἐνταῦθα γὰρ δὴ καλλίνικος ἔρχομαι. 1060. νικῶσα νίκην τίνα; μαθεῖν χρῄζω σέθεν. 1061. πάσας γυναῖκας ἃς δέδορκεν ἥλιος. 1062. ἔργοις ̓Αθάνας ἢ φρενῶν εὐβουλίᾳ; 1063. ἀρετῇ: πόσει γὰρ συνθανοῦσα κείσομαι.' "1064. τί φῄς; τί τοῦτ' αἴνιγμα σημαίνεις σαθρόν;" "1065. ᾄσσω θανόντος Καπανέως τήνδ' ἐς πυράν." '1066. ὦ θύγατερ, οὐ μὴ μῦθον ἐς πολλοὺς ἐρεῖς.' "1067. τοῦτ' αὐτὸ χρῄζω, πάντας ̓Αργείους μαθεῖν." "1068. ἀλλ' οὐδέ τοί σοι πείσομαι δρώσῃ τάδε." "1069. ὅμοιον: οὐ γὰρ μὴ κίχῃς μ' ἑλὼν χερί." '1070. καὶ δὴ παρεῖται σῶμα — σοὶ μὲν οὐ φίλον, 1071. ἡμῖν δὲ καὶ τῷ συμπυρουμένῳ πόσει. 1072. ἰώ, γύναι, δεινὸν ἔργον ἐξειργάσω. 1073. ἀπωλόμην δύστηνος, ̓Αργείων κόραι. 1074. ἒ ἔ, σχέτλια τάδε παθών, 1075. τὸ πάντολμον ἔργον ὄψῃ τάλας.' "1076. οὐκ ἄν τιν' εὕροιτ' ἄλλον ἀθλιώτερον." '1077. ἰὼ τάλας: 1078. μετέλαχες τύχας Οἰδιπόδα, γέρον, 1079. μέρος καὶ σὺ καὶ πόλις ἐμὰ τλάμων. 1080. οἴμοι: τί δὴ βροτοῖσιν οὐκ ἔστιν τόδε, 1081. νέους δὶς εἶναι καὶ γέροντας αὖ πάλιν;' "1082. ἀλλ' ἐν δόμοις μὲν ἤν τι μὴ καλῶς ἔχῃ," '1083. γνώμαισιν ὑστέραισιν ἐξορθούμεθα,' "1084. αἰῶνα δ' οὐκ ἔξεστιν. εἰ δ' ἦμεν νέοι" '1085. δὶς καὶ γέροντες, εἴ τις ἐξημάρτανε,' "1086. διπλοῦ βίου λαχόντες ἐξωρθούμεθ' ἄν." '1087. ἐγὼ γὰρ ἄλλους εἰσορῶν τεκνουμένους' "1088. παίδων ἐραστὴς ἦ πόθῳ τ' ἀπωλλύμην." "1089. †εἰ δ' ἐς τόδ' ἦλθον κἀξεπειράθην τέκνων" '1090. οἷον στέρεσθαι πατέρα γίγνεται τέκνων,' "1091. οὐκ ἄν ποτ' ἐς τόδ' ἦλθον εἰς ὃ νῦν κακόν:†" '1092. ὅστις φυτεύσας καὶ νεανίαν τεκὼν 1093. ἄριστον, εἶτα τοῦδε νῦν στερίσκομαι. 1094. εἶἑν: τί δὴ χρὴ τὸν ταλαίπωρόν με δρᾶν;' "1095. στείχειν πρὸς οἴκους; κᾆτ' ἐρημίαν ἴδω" "1096. πολλῶν μελάθρων, ἀπορίαν τ' ἐμῷ βίῳ;" '1097. ἢ πρὸς μέλαθρα τοῦδε Καπανέως μόλω;' "1098. ἥδιστα πρίν γε δῆθ', ὅτ' ἦν παῖς ἥδε μοι." "1099. ἀλλ' οὐκέτ' ἔστιν, ἥ γ' ἐμὴν γενειάδα" "1100. προσήγετ' αἰεὶ στόματι καὶ κάρα τόδε" "1101. κατεῖχε χειρί: πατρὶ δ' οὐδὲν †ἥδιον†" '1102. γέροντι θυγατρός: ἀρσένων δὲ μείζονες' "1103. ψυχαί, γλυκεῖαι δ' ἧσσον ἐς θωπεύματα." "1104. οὐχ ὡς τάχιστα δῆτά μ' ἄξετ' ἐς δόμους;" "1105. σκότῳ δὲ δώσετ': ἔνθ' ἀσιτίαις ἐμὸν" '1106. δέμας γεραιὸν συντακεὶς ἀποφθερῶ.' "1107. τί μ' ὠφελήσει παιδὸς ὀστέων θιγεῖν;" "1108. ὦ δυσπάλαιστον γῆρας, ὡς μισῶ ς' ἔχων," "1109. μισῶ δ' ὅσοι χρῄζουσιν ἐκτείνειν βίον," '1110. βρωτοῖσι καὶ ποτοῖσι καὶ μαγεύμασι 1111. παρεκτρέποντες ὀχετὸν ὥστε μὴ θανεῖν: 1112. οὓς χρῆν, ἐπειδὰν μηδὲν ὠφελῶσι γῆν, 1113. θανόντας ἔρρειν κἀκποδὼν εἶναι νέοις.' "
1174. Ζεὺς δὲ ξυνίστωρ οἵ τ' ἐν οὐρανῷ θεοὶ" "1175. οἵων ὑφ' ἡμῶν στείχετ' ἠξιωμένοι." "
1183. ἄκουε, Θησεῦ, τούσδ' ̓Αθηναίας λόγους," "1184. ἃ χρή σε δρᾶσαι, δρῶντα δ' ὠφελεῖν τάδε." "1185. μὴ δῷς τάδ' ὀστᾶ τοῖσδ' ἐς ̓Αργείαν χθόνα" '1186. παισὶν κομίζειν ῥᾳδίως οὕτω μεθείς,' "1187. ἀλλ' ἀντὶ τῶν σῶν καὶ πόλεως μοχθημάτων" "1188. πρῶτον λάβ' ὅρκον. τόνδε δ' ὀμνύναι χρεὼν" '1189. ̓́Αδραστον: οὗτος κύριος, τύραννος ὤν, 1190. πάσης ὑπὲρ γῆς Δαναϊδῶν ὁρκωμοτεῖν.' "1191. ὁ δ' ὅρκος ἔσται, μήποτ' ̓Αργείους χθόνα" "1192. ἐς τήνδ' ἐποίσειν πολέμιον παντευχίαν," "1193. ἄλλων τ' ἰόντων ἐμποδὼν θήσειν δόρυ." "1194. ἢν δ' ὅρκον ἐκλιπόντες ἔλθωσιν, πάλιν" "1195. κακῶς ὀλέσθαι πρόστρεπ' ̓Αργείων χθόνα." "1196. ἐν ᾧ δὲ τέμνειν σφάγια χρή ς', ἄκουέ μου." '1197. ἔστιν τρίπους σοι χαλκόπους ἔσω δόμων,' "1198. ὃν ̓Ιλίου ποτ' ἐξαναστήσας βάθρα" "1199. σπουδὴν ἐπ' ἄλλην ̔Ηρακλῆς ὁρμώμενος" "1200. στῆσαί ς' ἐφεῖτο Πυθικὴν πρὸς ἐσχάραν." '1201. ἐν τῷδε λαιμοὺς τρεῖς τριῶν μήλων τεμὼν 1202. ἔγγραψον ὅρκους τρίποδος ἐν κοίλῳ κύτει, 1203. κἄπειτα σῴζειν θεῷ δὸς ᾧ Δελφῶν μέλει,' "1204. μνημεῖά θ' ὅρκων μαρτύρημά θ' ̔Ελλάδι." "1205. ᾗ δ' ἂν διοίξῃς σφάγια καὶ τρώσῃς φόνον" '1206. ὀξύστομον μάχαιραν ἐς γαίας μυχοὺς' "1207. κρύψον παρ' αὐτὰς ἑπτὰ πυρκαιὰς νεκρῶν:" "1208. φόβον γὰρ αὐτοῖς, ἤν ποτ' ἔλθωσιν πόλιν," '1209. δειχθεῖσα θήσει καὶ κακὸν νόστον πάλιν. 1210. δράσας δὲ ταῦτα πέμπε γῆς ἔξω νεκρούς.' "1211. τεμένη δ', ἵν' αὐτῶν σώμαθ' ἡγνίσθη πυρί," "1212. μέθες παρ' αὐτὴν τρίοδον ̓Ισθμίας θεοῦ:" "1213. σοὶ μὲν τάδ' εἶπον: παισὶ δ' ̓Αργείων λέγω:" "1214. πορθήσεθ' ἡβήσαντες ̓Ισμηνοῦ πόλιν," '1215. πατέρων θανόντων ἐκδικάζοντες φόνον,' "1216. σύ τ' ἀντὶ πατρός, Αἰγιαλεῦ, στρατηλάτης" "1217. νέος καταστάς, παῖς τ' ἀπ' Αἰτωλῶν μολὼν" '1218. Τυδέως, ὃν ὠνόμαζε Διομήδην πατήρ.' "1219. ἀλλ' οὐ φθάνειν χρὴ συσκιάζοντας γένυν" '1220. καὶ χαλκοπληθῆ Δαναϊδῶν ὁρμᾶν στρατὸν 1221. ἑπτάστολον πύργωμα Καδμείων ἔπι:' "1222. πικροὶ γὰρ αὐτοῖς ἥξετ', ἐκτεθραμμένοι" '1223. σκύμνοι λεόντων, πόλεος ἐκπορθήτορες.' "1224. κοὐκ ἔστιν ἄλλως: ̓́Εκγονοι δ' ἀν' ̔Ελλάδα" '1225. κληθέντες ᾠδὰς ὑστέροισι θήσετε: 1226. τοῖον στράτευμα σὺν θεῷ πορεύσετε.' "'. None | 155. Didst consult seers, and gaze into the flame of burnt-offerings? Adrastu
158. Worse; I went in spite even of Amphiaraus. Theseu
315. when thou mightest have won for thy city a crown of glory, and, though thou didst encounter a savage swine, The monster Phaea, which infested the neighbourhood of Corinth. labouring for a sorry task, yet when the time came for thee to face the helmet and pointed spear, and do thy best, thou wert found to be a coward.
399. Who is the despot of this land? To whom must I announce 400. the message of Creon, who rules o’er the land of Cadmus, since Eteocles was slain by the hand of his brother Polynices, at the sevenfold gates of Thebes? Theseu 403. Sir stranger, thou hast made a false beginning to thy speech, in seeking here a despot. For this city is not ruled 405. by one man, but is free. The people rule in succession year by year, allowing no preference to wealth, but the poor man shares equally with the rich. Herald 409. Thou givest me here an advantage, as it might be in a game of draughts Possibly referring to a habit of allowing the weaker player so many moves or points. ; 410. for the city, whence I come, is ruled by one man only, not by the mob; none there puffs up the citizens with specious words, and for his own advantage twists them this way or that,—one moment dear to them and lavish of his favours, 415. the next a bane to all; and yet by fresh calumnies of others he hides his former failures and escapes punishment. Besides, how shall the people, if it cannot form true judgments, be able rightly to direct the state? Nay, ’tis time, not haste, that affords a better 420. understanding. A poor hind, granted he be not all unschooled, would still be unable from his toil to give his mind to politics. Verily Kirchhoff considers lines 423 to 425 spurious. the better sort count it no healthy sign when the worthless man obtains a reputation 425. by beguiling with words the populace, though aforetime he was naught. Theseu 426. This herald is a clever fellow, a dabbler in the art of talk. But since thou hast thus entered the lists with me, listen awhile, for ’twas thou didst challenge a discussion. Naught is more hostile to a city than a despot; 430. where he is, there are in the first place no laws common to all, but one man is tyrant, in whose keeping and in his alone the law resides, and in that case equality is at an end. But when the laws are written down, rich and poor alike have equal justice, 435. and Nauck omits lines 435, 436, as they are not given by Stobaeus in quoting the passage. it is open to the weaker to use the same language to the prosperous when he is reviled by him, and the weaker prevails over the stronger if he have justice on his side. Freedom’s mark is also seen in this: Who A reference to the question put by the herald in the Athenian ἐκκλησία, Τίς ἀγορεύειν βούλεται ; It here serves as a marked characteristic of democracy. hath wholesome counsel to declare unto the state? 440. And he who chooses to do so gains renown, while he, who hath no wish, remains silent. What greater equality can there be in a city? 442. Again, where the people are absolute rulers of the land, they rejoice in having a reserve of youthful citizens, while a king counts The words ἐχθρὸν . . . ἀρίστους are regarded by Nauck as spurious. this a hostile element, 445. and strives to slay the leading men, all such as he deems discreet, for he feareth for his power. How then can a city remain stable, where one cuts short all i.e. τόλμας for which Prinz suggests κλῶνας . enterprise and mows down the young like meadow-flowers in spring-time? 450. What boots it to acquire wealth and livelihood for children, merely Kirchhoff rejects this line. to add to the tyrant’s substance by one’s toil? Why train up virgin daughters virtuously in our homes to gratify a tyrant’s whim, whenso he will, and cause tears to those who rear them? May my life end 455. if ever my children are to be wedded by violence! This bolt I launch in answer to thy words. Now say, why art thou come? what needest thou of this land? Had not thy city sent thee, to thy cost hadst thou come with thy outrageous utterances; for it is the herald’s duty 460. to tell the message he is bidden and hie him back in haste. Henceforth forth let Creon send to my city some other messenger less talkative than thee. Choru 463. Look you! how insolent the villains are, when Fortune is kind to them, just as if it would be well with them for ever. Herald 465. Now will I speak. On these disputed points hold thou this view, but I the contrary. 467. So I and all the people of Cadmus forbid thee to admit Adrastus to this land, but if he is here, 470. drive him forth in disregard of the holy suppliant Reading ἰκτήρια with Nauck. bough he bears, ere sinks yon blazing sun, and attempt not violently to take up the dead, seeing thou hast naught to do with the city of Argos. And if thou wilt hearken to me, thou shalt bring thy barque of state into port unharmed by the billows; but if not, fierce shall the surge of battle be, 475. that we and our allies shall raise. Take good thought, nor, angered at my words, because forsooth thou rulest thy city with freedom, return a vaunting answer from Hartung’s emendation of this doubtful expression is ’εν βραχεῖ λόγῳ . thy feebler means. Hope is man’s curse; many a state hath it involved 480. in strife, by leading them into excessive rage. For whenso the city has to vote on the question of war, no man ever takes his own death into account, but shifts this misfortune on to his neighbour; but if death had been before their eyes when they were giving their votes, 485. Hellas would ne’er have rushed to her doom in mad desire for battle. And yet each man amongst us knows which of the two to prefer, the good or ill, and how much better peace is for mankind than war,—peace, the Muses’ chiefest friend, 490. the foe of sorrow, whose joy is in glad throngs of children, and its delight in prosperity. These are the blessings we cast away and wickedly embark on war, man enslaving his weaker brother, and cities following suit. 494. Now thou art helping our foes even after death, 495. trying to rescue and bury those whom their own acts of insolence haye ruined. Verily then it would seem Capaneus was unjustly blasted by the thunderbolt and charred upon the ladder he had raised against our gates, swearing he would sack our town, whether the god would or no; 500. nor should the yawning earth have snatched away the seer, i.e. Amphiaraus, who disappeared in a chasm of the earth. opening wide her mouth to take his chariot and its horses in, nor should the other chieftains be stretched at our gates, their skeletons to atoms crushed ’neath boulders. Either boast thy wit transcendeth that of Zeus, 505. or else allow that gods are right to slay the ungodly. The wise should love their children first, next their parents and country, whose fortunes it behoves them to increase rather than break down. Rashness in a leader, as in a pilot, causeth shipwreck; who knoweth when to be quiet is a wise man. 510. Yea and this too is bravery, even forethought. Choru 513. The punishment Zeus hath inflicted was surely enough; there was no need to heap this wanton insult on us. Adrastu 514. Peace, Adrastus! say no more; set not thy words before mine, 515. for ’tis not to thee this fellow is come with his message, but to me, and I must answer him. Thy first assertion will I answer first: I am not aware that Creon is my lord and master, or that his power outweigheth mine, that so he should compel 520. Athens to act on this wise; nay! for then would the tide of time have to flow backward, if we are to be ordered about, as he thinks. ’Tis not I who choose this war, seeing that I did not even join these warriors to go unto the land of Cadmus; but still I claim to bury the fallen dead, not injuring any state 525. nor yet introducing murderous strife, but preserving the law of all Hellas. What is not well in this? If ye suffered aught from the Argives—lo! they are dead; ye took a splendid vengeance on your foe 530. and covered them with shame, and now your right is at an end. Let Nauck regards these lines 531 to 536 as an interpolation. the dead now be buried in the earth, and each element return Restoring ἀπελθεῖν from Stobseus (Hartung). to the place from whence it came to the body, the breath to the air, the body to the ground; for in no wise did we get it 535. for our own, but to live our life in, and after that its mother earth must take it back again. Dost think ’tis Argos thou art injuring in refusing burial to the dead? Nay! all Hellas shares herein, if a man rob the dead of their due 540. and keep them from the tomb; for, if this law be enacted, it will strike dismay into the stoutest hearts. And art thou come to cast dire threats at me, while thy own folk are afraid of giving burial to the dead? What is your fear? Think you they will undermine your land 545. in their graves, or that they will beget children in the womb of earth, from whom shall rise an avenger? A silly waste of words, in truth it was, to show your fear of paltry groundless terrors. 549. Go, triflers, learn the lesson of human misery; 550. our life is made up of struggles; some men there be that find their fortune soon, others have to wait, while some at once are blest. Fortune lives a dainty life; to her the wretched pays his court and homage to win her smile; her likewise doth the prosperous man extol, for fear the favouring gale 555. may leave him. These lessons should we take to heart, to bear with moderation, free from wrath, our wrongs, and do naught to hurt a whole city. What then? Let us, who will the pious deed perform, bury the corpses of the slain. 560. Else is the issue clear; I will go and bury them by force. For never shall it be proclaimed through Hellas that heaven’s ancient law was set at naught, when it devolved on me and the city of Pandion. Choru 564. Be of good cheer; for if thou preserve the light of justice, 565. thou shalt escape many a charge that men might urge. Herald 566. Wilt thou that I sum up in brief all thou wouldst say? Theseu 567. Say what thou wilt; for thou art not silent as it is. Herald 568. Thou shalt never take the sons of Argos from our land. Theseu 569. Hear, then, my answer too to that, if so thou wilt. Herald 570. I will hear thee; not that I wish it, but I must give thee thy turn. Theseu 571. I will bury the dead, when from Asopus’ land I have removed them. Herald 572. First must thou adventure somewhat in the front of war. Theseu 573. Many an enterprise and of a different kind have I ere this endured. Herald 574. Wert thou then begotten of thy sire to cope with every foe? Theseu 575. Ay, with all wanton villains; virtue I punish not. Herald 576. To meddle is aye thy wont and thy city’s too. Theseu 577. Hence her enterprise on many a held hath won her frequent success. Herald 578. Come then, that the warriors of the dragon-crop may catch thee in our city. Theseu 579. What furious warrior-host could spring from dragon’s seed? Herald 580. Thou shalt learn that to thy cost. As yet thou art young and rash. Theseu 581. Thy boastful speech stirs not my heart at all to rage. Yet get thee gone from my land, taking with thee the idle words thou broughtest; for we are making no advance. Exit Herald.
594. with the sharp sword in my hand, and be myself my herald. But thee, Adrastus, I bid stay, nor blend with mine thy fortunes, for I will take my own good star to lead my host, a chieftain famed in famous deeds of arms. One thing alone I need, the favour of all gods that reverence right, for the presence of these thing 595. insures victory. For their valour availeth men naught, unless they have the god’s goodwill. Exit Theseus. The following lines between the Semi-Choruses are chanted responsively. 1st Half-Choru
741. in spite of his fair offer we would not accept them, and so we perished. Then in their turn those foolish folk of Cadmus, to fortune raised, like some beggar with his newly-gotten wealth, waxed wanton, and, waxing so, were ruined in their turn. Ye foolish sons of men! who strain your bow like men who shoot
980. Ah! there I see the sepulchre ready e’en now for Capaneus, his consecrated tomb, and the votive offerings Theseus gives unto the dead outside the shrine, and nigh yon lightning-smitten chief 985. I see his noble bride, Evadne, daughter of King Iphis. Wherefore stands she on the towering rock, which o’ertops this temple, advancing along yon path? Evadne 990. What light, what radiancy did the sun-god’s car dart forth, and the moon athwart the firmament, while round her in the gloom swift stars None of the proposed emendations of this corrupt passage are convincing. Hermann’s λάμπαι δ’ ὠκύθοοί νιν ἀμφιππεύουσι is here followed. Nauck has λαμπαδ’ ἱν’ ὠκυθόαι νύμφαι ἱππεύουσι . careered, 995. in the day that the city of Argos raised the stately chant of joy at my wedding, in honour of my marriage with mail-clad Capaneus? 1000. Now from my home in frantic haste with frenzied mind I rush to join thee, seeking to share with thee the fire’s bright flame and the self-same tomb, to rid me of my weary'1001. Now from my home in frantic haste with frenzied mind I rush to join thee, seeking to share with thee the fire’s bright flame and the self-same tomb, to rid me of my weary 1005. life in Hades’ halls, and of the pains of existence; yea, for ’tis the sweetest end to share the death of those we love, if only fate will sanction it. Choru 1009. Behold yon pyre, which thou art overlooking, nigh thereto, 1010. et apart for Zeus! There is thy husband’s body, vanquished by the blazing bolt. Evadne 1012. Life’s goal I now behold from my station here; may fortune aid me in my headlong leap from this rock 1015. in honour’s cause, down into the fire below, to mix my ashes in the ruddy blaze 1020. with my husband’s, to lay me side by side with him, there in the couch of Persephone; for ne’er will I, to save my life, prove untrue to thee where thou liest in thy grave. 1025. Away with life and marriage too! Oh! The following verses are corrupt almost beyond hope of emendation, nor is it quite clear what the poet intended. By reading φανεῖεν , as Paley suggests, with τέκνοισιν ἐμοῖς and supplying the hiatus by εἴη δ’ , it is possible to extract an intelligible sense, somewhat different, however, from that proposed by Hermann or Hartung, and only offered here for want of a better. may my children live to see the dawn of a fairer, happier wedding-day in Argos! May loyalty inspire the husband’s heart, 1030. his nature fusing with his wife’s! Choru 1031. Lo! the aged Iphis, thy father, draweth nigh to hear thy startling scheme, which yet he knows not and will grieve to learn. Iphi 1034. Unhappy child! lo! I am come, a poor old man, 1035. with twofold sorrow in my house to mourn, that I may carry to his native land the corpse of my son Eteocles, slain by the Theban spear, and further in quest of my daughter who rushed headlong from the house, for she was the wife of Capaneu 1040. and longed with him to die. Ere this she was well guarded in my house, but, when I took the watch away in the present troubles, she escaped. But I feel sure that she is here; tell me if ye have seen her. Evadne 1045. Why question them? Lo, here upon the rock, father, o’er the pyre of Capaneus, like some bird I hover lightly, in my wretchedness. Iphi 1048. What wind hath blown thee hither, child? Whither away? Why didst thou pass the threshold of my house and seek this land? Evadne 1050. It would but anger thee to hear what I intend, and so I fain would keep thee ignorant, my father. Iphi 1052. What! hath not thy own father a right to know? Evadne 1053. Thou wouldst not wisely judge my intention. Iphi 1054. Why dost thou deck thyself in that apparel? Evadne 1055. A purport strange this robe conveys, father. Iphi 1056. Thou hast no look of mourning for thy lord. Evadne 1057. No, the reason why I thus am decked is strange, maybe. Iphi 1058. Dost thou in such garb appear before a funeral-pyre? Evadne 1059. Yea, for hither it is I come to take the meed of victory. Iphi 1060. Victory! what victory? This would I learn of thee. Evadne 1061. A victory o’er all women on whom the sun looks down. Iphi 1062. In Athena’s handiwork or in prudent counsel? Evadne 1063. In bravery; for I will lay me down and die with my lord. Iphi 1064. What dost thou say? What is this silly riddle thou propoundest? Evadne 1065. To yonder pyre where lies dead Capaneus, I will leap down. Iphi 1066. My daughter, speak not thus before the multitude! Evadne 1067. The very thing I wish, that every Argive should learn it. Iphi 1068. Nay, I will ne’er consent to let thee do this deed. Evadne 1069. (as she is throwing herself). ’Tis all one; thou shalt never catch me in thy grasp. 1070. Lo! I cast me down, no joy to thee, but to myself and to my husband blazing on the pyre with me. Choru 1072. O lady, what a fearful deed! Iphi 1073. Ah me! I am undone, ye dames of Argos! Chorus chanting 1074. Alack, alack! a cruel blow is this to thee, 1075. but thou must yet witness, poor wretch, the full horror of this deed. Iphi 1076. A more unhappy wretch than me ye could not find. Choru 1077. Woe for thee, unhappy man! Thou, old sir, hast been made partaker in the fortune of Oedipus, thou and my poor city too. Iphi 1080. Ah, why are mortal men denied this boon, to live their youth twice o’er, and twice in turn to reach old age? If aught goes wrong within our homes, we set it right by judgment more maturely formed, but our life we may not so correct. Now if we had a second spell of youth 1085. and age, this double term of life would let us then correct each previous slip. I, for instance, seeing others blest with children, longed to have them too, and found my ruin in that wish. Whereas if I had had my present experience, 1090. and by a father’s light Following Paley’s τεκών for the MSS. τέκνων . had learnt how cruel a thing it is to be bereft of children, never should I have fallen on such evil days as these,—I who did beget a brave young son, proud parent that I was, and after all am now bereft of him. Enough of this. What remains for such a hapless wretch as me? 1095. Shall I to my home, there to see its utter desolation and the blank within my life? or shall I to the halls of that dead Capaneus?—halls I smiled to see in days gone by, when yet my daughter was alive. But she is lost and gone, she that would ever draw down my cheek 1100. to her lips, and take my head between her hands; for naught is there more sweet unto an aged sire than a daughter’s love; our sons are made of sterner stuff, but less winning are their caresses. Oh! take me to my house at once, 1105. in darkness hide me there, to waste and fret this aged frame with fasting! What shall it avail me to touch my daughter’s bones? Old age, resistless foe, how do I loathe thy presence! Them too I hate, whoso desire to lengthen out the span of life, 1110. eeking to turn the tide of death aside by philtres, Reading βρωτοῖσι καὶ βοτοῖσι καῖ μαγεύμασι , as restored from Plutarch’s quotation of the passage. drugs, and magic spells,—folk that death should take away to leave the young their place, when they no more can benefit the world. Choru
1174. marking well the treatment ye have had of me. And to these children I repeat the self-same words, that they may honour this city, to children’s children ever handing on the kindness ye received from us. Be Zeus the witness, with the gods in heaven, 1175. of the treatment we vouchsafed you ere you left us. Adrastu
1183. Hearken, Theseus, to the words that I Athena utter, telling thee thy duty, which, if thou perform it, will serve thy city. 1185. Give not these bones to the children to carry to the land of Argos, letting them go so lightly; nay, take first an oath of them that they will requite thee and thy city for your efforts. This oath must Adrastus swear, for as their king it is his right 1190. to take the oath for the whole realm of Argos. And this shall be the form thereof: We Argives swear we never will against this land lead on our mail-clad troops to war, and, if others come, we will repel them. But if they violate their oath and come against the city, pray 1195. that the land of Argos may be miserably destroyed. 1196. Now hearken while I tell thee where thou must slay the victims. Thou hast within thy halls a tripod with brazen feet, which Heracles, in days gone by, after he had o’erthrown the foundations of Ilium and was starting on another enterprise, 1200. enjoined thee to set up at the Pythian shrine. O’er it cut the throats of three sheep; then grave within the tripod’s hollow belly the oath; this done, deliver it to the god who watches over Delphi to keep, a witness and memorial unto Hellas of the oath. 1205. And bury the sharp-edged knife, wherewith thou shalt have laid the victims open and shed their blood, deep in the bowels of the earth, hard by the pyres where the seven chieftains burn; for its appearance shall strike them with dismay, if e’er against thy town they come, and shall cause them to return with sorrow. 1210. When thou hast done all this, dismiss the dead from thy land. And to the god resign as sacred land the spot where their bodies were purified by fire, there by the meeting of the triple roads that lead unto the Isthmus. Thus much to thee, Theseus, I address; next to the sons of Argos I speak; when ye are grown to men’s estate, the town beside Ismenus shall ye sack, 1215. avenging the slaughter of your dead sires; thou too, Aegialeus, shalt take thy father’s place and in thy youth command the host, and with thee Tydeus’ son marching from Aetolia,—him whom his father named Diomedes. Soon as the beards your cheeks o’ershadow 1220. must ye lead an armed Danaid host against the battlements of Thebes with sevenfold gates. For to their sorrow shall ye come like lion’s whelps in full-grown might to sack their city. No otherwise is it to be; 1225. and ye shall be a theme for minstrels’ songs in days to come, known through Hellas as the After-born so famous shall your expedition be, thanks to Heaven. Theseu '. None |
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45. Euripides, Trojan Women, 1-95, 764, 924-935, 987-988, 991, 1169 (5th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Areopagus, Athens • Athena • Athena, Polias • Athens • Athens, Athenians • Athens, and identity • Erechtheus (king of Athens)
Found in books: Athanassaki and Titchener (2022) 121; Barbato (2020) 201; Csapo (2022) 183; Fabre-Serris et al (2021) 158; Hesk (2000) 71, 79; Lipka (2021) 84, 94; Naiden (2013) 45, 133, 322; Papadodima (2022) 100; Pillinger (2019) 75; Pirenne-Delforge and Pironti (2022) 38, 300; Pucci (2016) 39, 41, 42; Taylor and Hay (2020) 284
1. ̔́Ηκω λιπὼν Αἴγαιον ἁλμυρὸν βάθος'2. πόντου Ποσειδῶν, ἔνθα Νηρῄδων χοροὶ 3. κάλλιστον ἴχνος ἐξελίσσουσιν ποδός. 4. ἐξ οὗ γὰρ ἀμφὶ τήνδε Τρωικὴν χθόνα 5. Φοῖβός τε κἀγὼ λαί̈νους πύργους πέριξ 6. ὀρθοῖσιν ἔθεμεν κανόσιν, οὔποτ' ἐκ φρενῶν" '7. εὔνοι' ἀπέστη τῶν ἐμῶν Φρυγῶν πόλει:" "8. ἣ νῦν καπνοῦται καὶ πρὸς ̓Αργείου δορὸς 9. ὄλωλε πορθηθεῖς': ὁ γὰρ Παρνάσιος" "
10. Φωκεὺς ̓Επειός, μηχαναῖσι Παλλάδος' "
1
1. ἐγκύμον' ἵππον τευχέων ξυναρμόσας," '
12. πύργων ἔπεμψεν ἐντὸς ὀλέθριον βρέτας:
13. ὅθεν πρὸς ἀνδρῶν ὑστέρων κεκλήσεται
14. Δούρειος ̔́Ιππος, κρυπτὸν ἀμπισχὼν δόρυ.' "
15. ἔρημα δ' ἄλση καὶ θεῶν ἀνάκτορα" '
16. φόνῳ καταρρεῖ: πρὸς δὲ κρηπίδων βάθροις
17. πέπτωκε Πρίαμος Ζηνὸς ἑρκείου θανών.
18. πολὺς δὲ χρυσὸς Φρύγιά τε σκυλεύματα
19. πρὸς ναῦς ̓Αχαιῶν πέμπεται: μένουσι δὲ 20. πρύμνηθεν οὖρον, ὡς δεκασπόρῳ χρόνῳ' "2
1. ἀλόχους τε καὶ τέκν' εἰσίδωσιν ἄσμενοι," "22. οἳ τήνδ' ἐπεστράτευσαν ̔́Ελληνες πόλιν." '23. ἐγὼ δέ — νικῶμαι γὰρ ̓Αργείας θεοῦ' "24. ̔́Ηρας ̓Αθάνας θ', αἳ συνεξεῖλον Φρύγας —" "25. λείπω τὸ κλεινὸν ̓́Ιλιον βωμούς τ' ἐμούς:" '26. ἐρημία γὰρ πόλιν ὅταν λάβῃ κακή, 27. νοσεῖ τὰ τῶν θεῶν οὐδὲ τιμᾶσθαι θέλει. 28. πολλοῖς δὲ κωκυτοῖσιν αἰχμαλωτίδων 29. βοᾷ Σκάμανδρος δεσπότας κληρουμένων. 30. καὶ τὰς μὲν ̓Αρκάς, τὰς δὲ Θεσσαλὸς λεὼς' "3
1. εἴληχ' ̓Αθηναίων τε Θησεῖδαι πρόμοι." "32. ὅσαι δ' ἄκληροι Τρῳάδων, ὑπὸ στέγαις" "33. ταῖσδ' εἰσί, τοῖς πρώτοισιν ἐξῃρημέναι" "34. στρατοῦ, σὺν αὐταῖς δ' ἡ Λάκαινα Τυνδαρὶς" "35. ̔Ελένη, νομισθεῖς' αἰχμάλωτος ἐνδίκως." "36. τὴν δ' ἀθλίαν τήνδ' εἴ τις εἰσορᾶν θέλει," '37. πάρεστιν, ̔Εκάβην κειμένην πυλῶν πάρος, 38. δάκρυα χέουσαν πολλὰ καὶ πολλῶν ὕπερ:' "39. ᾗ παῖς μὲν ἀμφὶ μνῆμ' ̓Αχιλλείου τάφου" '40. λάθρα τέθνηκε τλημόνως Πολυξένη:' "4
1. φροῦδος δὲ Πρίαμος καὶ τέκν': ἣν δὲ παρθένον" "42. μεθῆκ' ̓Απόλλων δρομάδα Κασάνδραν ἄναξ," "43. τὸ τοῦ θεοῦ τε παραλιπὼν τό τ' εὐσεβὲς" '44. γαμεῖ βιαίως σκότιον ̓Αγαμέμνων λέχος.' "45. ἀλλ', ὦ ποτ' εὐτυχοῦσα, χαῖρέ μοι, πόλις" "46. ξεστόν τε πύργωμ': εἴ σε μὴ διώλεσεν" "47. Παλλὰς Διὸς παῖς, ἦσθ' ἂν ἐν βάθροις ἔτι." '48. ἔξεστι τὸν γένει μὲν ἄγχιστον πατρὸς' "49. μέγαν τε δαίμον' ἐν θεοῖς τε τίμιον," '50. λύσασαν ἔχθραν τὴν πάρος, προσεννέπειν; 5
1. ἔξεστιν: αἱ γὰρ συγγενεῖς ὁμιλίαι,' "52. ἄνασς' ̓Αθάνα, φίλτρον οὐ σμικρὸν φρενῶν." "53. ἐπῄνες' ὀργὰς ἠπίους: φέρω δὲ σοὶ" "54. κοινοὺς ἐμαυτῇ τ' ἐς μέσον λόγους, ἄναξ." '55. μῶν ἐκ θεῶν του καινὸν ἀγγελεῖς ἔπος, 56. ἢ Ζηνὸς ἢ καὶ δαιμόνων τινὸς πάρα;' "57. οὔκ, ἀλλὰ Τροίας οὕνεκ', ἔνθα βαίνομεν," '58. πρὸς σὴν ἀφῖγμαι δύναμιν, ὡς κοινὴν λάβω. 59. ἦ πού νιν, ἔχθραν τὴν πρὶν ἐκβαλοῦσα, νῦν' "60. ἐς οἶκτον ἦλθες πυρὶ κατῃθαλωμένης;' "6
1. ἐκεῖσε πρῶτ' ἄνελθε: κοινώσῃ λόγους" '62. καὶ συνθελήσεις ἃν ἐγὼ πρᾶξαι θέλω;' "63. μάλιστ': ἀτὰρ δὴ καὶ τὸ σὸν θέλω μαθεῖν:" "64. πότερον ̓Αχαιῶν ἦλθες οὕνεκ' ἢ Φρυγῶν;" '65. τοὺς μὲν πρὶν ἐχθροὺς Τρῶας εὐφρᾶναι θέλω,' "66. στρατῷ δ' ̓Αχαιῶν νόστον ἐμβαλεῖν πικρόν." "67. τί δ' ὧδε πηδᾷς ἄλλοτ' εἰς ἄλλους τρόπους" '68. μισεῖς τε λίαν καὶ φιλεῖς ὃν ἂν τύχῃς;' "69. οὐκ οἶσθ' ὑβρισθεῖσάν με καὶ ναοὺς ἐμούς;" "70. οἶδ', ἡνίκ' Αἴας εἷλκε Κασάνδραν βίᾳ." "7
1. κοὐδέν γ' ̓Αχαιῶν ἔπαθεν οὐδ' ἤκους' ὕπο." "72. καὶ μὴν ἔπερσάν γ' ̓́Ιλιον τῷ σῷ σθένει." '73. τοιγάρ σφε σὺν σοὶ βούλομαι δρᾶσαι κακῶς.' "74. ἕτοιμ' ἃ βούλῃ τἀπ' ἐμοῦ. δράσεις δὲ τί;" '75. δύσνοστον αὐτοῖς νόστον ἐμβαλεῖν θέλω.' "76. ἐν γῇ μενόντων ἢ καθ' ἁλμυρὰν ἅλα;" "77. ὅταν πρὸς οἴκους ναυστολῶς' ἀπ' ̓Ιλίου." '78. καὶ Ζεὺς μὲν ὄμβρον καὶ χάλαζαν ἄσπετον' "79. πέμψει, δνοφώδη τ' αἰθέρος φυσήματα:" '80. ἐμοὶ δὲ δώσειν φησὶ πῦρ κεραύνιον, 8
1. βάλλειν ̓Αχαιοὺς ναῦς τε πιμπράναι πυρί.' "82. σὺ δ' αὖ, τὸ σόν, παράσχες Αἴγαιον πόρον" '83. τρικυμίαις βρέμοντα καὶ δίναις ἁλός, 84. πλῆσον δὲ νεκρῶν κοῖλον Εὐβοίας μυχόν,' "85. ὡς ἂν τὸ λοιπὸν τἄμ' ἀνάκτορ' εὐσεβεῖν" "86. εἰδῶς' ̓Αχαιοί, θεούς τε τοὺς ἄλλους σέβειν." "87. ἔσται τάδ': ἡ χάρις γὰρ οὐ μακρῶν λόγων" '88. δεῖται: ταράξω πέλαγος Αἰγαίας ἁλός. 89. ἀκταὶ δὲ Μυκόνου Δήλιοί τε χοιράδες' "90. Σκῦρός τε Λῆμνός θ' αἱ Καφήρειοί τ' ἄκραι" "9
1. πολλῶν θανόντων σώμαθ' ἕξουσιν νεκρῶν." "92. ἀλλ' ἕρπ' ̓́Ολυμπον καὶ κεραυνίους βολὰς" '93. λαβοῦσα πατρὸς ἐκ χερῶν καραδόκει,' "94. ὅταν στράτευμ' ̓Αργεῖον ἐξιῇ κάλως." '95. μῶρος δὲ θνητῶν ὅστις ἐκπορθεῖ πόλεις,
764. ὦ βάρβαρ' ἐξευρόντες ̔́Ελληνες κακά," "
924. ἔκρινε τρισσὸν ζεῦγος ὅδε τριῶν θεῶν: 925. καὶ Παλλάδος μὲν ἦν ̓Αλεξάνδρῳ δόσις' "926. Φρυξὶ στρατηγοῦνθ' ̔Ελλάδ' ἐξανιστάναι," "927. ̔́Ηρα δ' ὑπέσχετ' ̓Ασιάδ' Εὐρώπης θ' ὅρους" "928. τυραννίδ' ἕξειν, εἴ σφε κρίνειεν Πάρις:" '929. Κύπρις δὲ τοὐμὸν εἶδος ἐκπαγλουμένη 930. δώσειν ὑπέσχετ', εἰ θεὰς ὑπερδράμοι" "93
1. κάλλει. τὸν ἔνθεν δ' ὡς ἔχει σκέψαι λόγον:" "932. νικᾷ Κύπρις θεάς, καὶ τοσόνδ' οὑμοὶ γάμοι" "933. ὤνησαν ̔Ελλάδ': οὐ κρατεῖσθ' ἐκ βαρβάρων," "934. οὔτ' ἐς δόρυ σταθέντες, οὐ τυραννίδι." "935. ἃ δ' εὐτύχησεν ̔Ελλάς, ὠλόμην ἐγὼ" "
987. ἦν οὑμὸς υἱὸς κάλλος ἐκπρεπέστατος,' "988. ὁ σὸς δ' ἰδών νιν νοῦς ἐποιήθη Κύπρις:" '99
1. ὃν εἰσιδοῦσα βαρβάροις ἐσθήμασι
1
169. γάμων τε καὶ τῆς ἰσοθέου τυραννίδος, '. None | 1. From the depths of salt Aegean floods I, Poseidon, have come, where choirs of Nereids dance in a graceful maze; for since the day that Phoebus and I with exact measurement'2. From the depths of salt Aegean floods I, Poseidon, have come, where choirs of Nereids dance in a graceful maze; for since the day that Phoebus and I with exact measurement 5. et towers of stone about this land of Troy and ringed it round, never from my heart has passed away a kindly feeling for my Phrygian town, which now is smouldering and overthrown, a prey to Argive might. For, from his home beneath Parnassus ,
10. Phocian Epeus, aided by the craft of Pallas, framed a horse to bear within its womb an armed army, and sent it within the battlements, a deadly statue; from which in days to come men shall tell of the Wooden Horse, with its hidden load of warriors.
15. Groves stand forsaken and temples of the gods run down with blood, and at the altar’s very base, before the god who watched his home, Priam lies dead. While to Achaean ships great store of gold and Phrygian spoils are being conveyed, 20. and they who came against this town, those sons of Hellas , only wait a favoring breeze to follow in their wake, that after ten long years they may with joy behold their wives and children. Vanquished by Hera, Argive goddess, and by Athena, who helped to ruin Phrygia , 25. I am leaving Ilium , that famous town, and my altars; for when dreary desolation seizes on a town, the worship of the gods decays and tends to lose respect. Scamander’s banks re-echo long and loud the screams of captive maids, as they by lot receive their masters. 30. Arcadia takes some, and some the people of Thessaly ; others are assigned to Theseus’ sons, the Athenian chiefs. And such of the Trojan women as are not portioned out are in these tents, set apart for the leaders of the army; and with them Spartan Helen, 35. daughter of Tyndareus, justly counted among the captives. And if you would see that queen of misery, Hecuba, you can; for there she lies before the gates, weeping many tears for many sorrows; at Achilles’ tomb, 40. without her knowledge, her daughter Polyxena has died most piteously; Priam is gone, and her children too; Cassandra, whom the lord Apollo left to be a virgin, frenzied maid, has been forced by Agamemnon, in contempt of the god’s ordice and of piety, to a dishonored wedlock. 45. Farewell, O city once prosperous! farewell, you ramparts of polished stone! if Pallas, daughter of Zeus, had not decreed your ruin, you would be standing firmly still. Athena 48. May I address the mighty god whom the gods revere and who to my own father is very near in blood, 50. laying aside our former enmity? Poseidon 5
1. You may; for over the soul the ties of kin exert no feeble spell, great queen Athena. Athena 53. For your forgiving mood my thanks! I have messages to impart affecting both yourself and me, lord. Poseidon 55. Do you bring fresh tidings from some god, from Zeus, or from some lesser power? Athena 57. From none of these; but on behalf of Troy , whose soil we tread, I have come to seek your mighty aid, to make it one with mine. Poseidon 59. What! have you laid your former hate aside 60. to take compassion on the town now that it is burnt to ashes? Athena 6
1. First go back to the former point; will you make common cause with me in the scheme I purpose? Poseidon 63. Yes, surely; but I want to learn your wishes, whether you have come to help Achaeans or Phrygians. Athena 65. I wish to give my former foes, the Trojans, joy, and on the Achaean army impose a bitter return. Poseidon 67. Why do you leap thus from mood to mood? Your love and hate both go too far, on whomever centred. Athena 69. Do you not know the insult done to me and to the shrine I love? Poseidon 70. I do: when Aias dragged away Cassandra by force. Athena 7
1. Yes, and the Achaeans did nothing, said nothing to him. Poseidon 72. And yet it was by your mighty aid they sacked Ilium . Athena 73. For which cause I would join with you to do them harm. Poseidon 74. My powers are ready at your will. What is your intent? Athena 75. I will impose on them a return that is no return. Poseidon 76. While they stay on shore, or as they cross the salt sea? Athena 77. When they have set sail from Ilium for their homes. On them will Zeus also send his rain and fearful hail, 80. and inky tempests from the sky; and he promises to grant me his thunder-bolts to hurl on the Achaeans and fire their ships. And you, for your part, make the Aegean strait to roar with mighty billows and whirlpools, and fill Euboea ’s hollow bay with corpses, 85. that Achaeans may learn henceforth to reverence my temples and regard all other deities. Poseidon 87. So shall it be, for this favor needs only a few words. I will vex the broad Aegean sea; and the beach of Myconos and the reefs round Delos , 90. Scyros and Lemnos too, and the cliffs of Caphareus shall be strewn with many a corpse. You go to Olympus , and taking from your father’s hand his lightning bolts, keep careful watch against the hour when Argos ’ army lets slip its cables. 95. A fool is he who sacks the towns of men, with shrines and tombs, the dead man’s hallowed home, for at the last he makes a desert round himself and dies. Hecuba
764. all for nothing I used to toil and wear myself away! Kiss your mother now for the last time, nestle to her that bore you, twine your arms about my neck and join your lips to mine! O you Hellenes, cunning to devise new forms of cruelty,
924. by giving birth to Paris ; next, old Priam ruined Troy and me, because he did not slay his child Alexander, baleful semblance of a fire-brand, Hecuba had dreamed she would hear a son who would cause the ruin of Troy ; on the birth of Paris an oracle confirmed her fears. long ago. Hear what followed. This man was to judge the claims of three rival goddesses; 925. o Pallas offered him command of all the Phrygians, and the destruction of Hellas ; Hera promised he should spread his dominion over Asia , and the utmost bounds of Europe , if he would decide for her; but Cypris spoke in rapture of my loveliness, 930. and promised him this gift, if she should have the preference over those two for beauty. Now mark the inference I deduce from this; Cypris won the day over the goddesses, and thus far has my marriage proved of benefit to Hellas , that you are not subject to barbarian rule, neither vanquished in the strife, nor yet by tyrants crushed. 935. What Hellas gained, was ruin to me, sold for my beauty, and now I am reproached for that which should have set a crown upon my head. But you will say I am silent on the real matter at hand, how it was I started forth and left your house by stealth.
987. No! my son was exceedingly handsome, and when you saw him your mind straight became your Aphrodite; for every folly that men commit, they lay upon this goddess, 99
1. and rightly does her name It is almost impossible to reproduce the play on words in Ἀφροδίτη and ἀφροσύνη ; perhaps the nearest approach would be sensuality and senseless. begin the word for senselessness ; so when you caught sight of him in gorgeous foreign clothes, ablaze with gold, your senses utterly forsook you. Yes, for in Argos you had moved in simple state, but, once free of Sparta ,
1
169. Ah! my beloved, yours is a piteous death indeed! If you had died for your city, when you had tasted of the sweets of manhood, of marriage, and of godlike power over others, '. None |
|
46. Herodotus, Histories, 1.1-1.5, 1.30-1.32, 1.35, 1.44, 1.46, 1.49-1.50, 1.54, 1.56-1.57, 1.59-1.68, 1.61.3, 1.64.1, 1.71, 1.91, 1.105, 1.131-1.132, 1.143-1.149, 1.159-1.160, 1.168, 1.181-1.182, 1.207, 2.15, 2.18, 2.23, 2.28, 2.43-2.44, 2.48-2.53, 2.61, 2.65, 2.81, 2.86, 2.122-2.123, 2.139, 2.143, 2.145, 2.152, 2.159, 2.161, 2.169-2.171, 2.181-2.182, 3.37, 3.40-3.43, 3.64, 3.80-3.83, 3.89, 3.97, 3.121-3.122, 3.124-3.125, 3.139-3.140, 4.15, 4.33-4.35, 4.76, 4.79, 4.152, 4.161, 4.164, 4.205, 5.18-5.22, 5.28, 5.32-5.33, 5.42-5.47, 5.49-5.56, 5.59-5.64, 5.66-5.67, 5.67.1, 5.70-5.72, 5.72.3, 5.75, 5.77-5.95, 5.77.3-5.77.4, 5.90.2, 5.97-5.99, 5.97.2, 6.11, 6.19, 6.21, 6.34-6.36, 6.53-6.55, 6.57, 6.61, 6.64, 6.66, 6.75-6.76, 6.79-6.82, 6.84, 6.87, 6.89-6.92, 6.105, 6.108-6.109, 6.108.4, 6.112.1, 6.114, 6.116-6.117, 6.123, 6.125, 6.127, 6.129.3, 6.132-6.139, 7.6, 7.12-7.18, 7.43, 7.46, 7.62, 7.79, 7.94, 7.99, 7.129, 7.132-7.137, 7.139-7.144, 7.141.3-7.141.4, 7.148-7.152, 7.157-7.162, 7.170-7.173, 7.176, 7.184-7.187, 7.189, 7.191-7.192, 7.197, 7.204, 8.11, 8.27, 8.37-8.39, 8.41, 8.43-8.44, 8.52, 8.55, 8.62, 8.64-8.65, 8.73, 8.77, 8.83-8.84, 8.94, 8.96, 8.105, 8.109, 8.121-8.122, 8.129, 8.133-8.136, 8.138, 8.143-8.144, 9.1, 9.7, 9.11, 9.27, 9.27.3, 9.43, 9.61, 9.65, 9.73, 9.78-9.79, 9.82, 9.97, 9.101, 9.119-9.120 (5th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Academy (Platonic school in Athens) Ch. • Acropolis, Athens • Acropolis, Athens, Artemis, cult of • Acropolis, Athens, Athena Nike, temple of • Acropolis, Athens, Charites and Eros, cults of • Acropolis, Athens, Erechtheum • Acropolis, Athens, Propylaia • Acropolis, Athens, temples of Athena on • Acropolis, Athens, votive plaque of Aphrodite with Eros and Himeros • Adrastus, flight to Athens • Aeschylus of Athens • Aglaurus, heroine of Athens • Agora, Athens, Artemis, cult of • Agora, Athens, Prytaneion • Aigeus of Athens • Aigina, Aiginetans, and Athens • Aigina, Aiginetans, rivalry with Athens • Alcmaeonidae of Athens • Alea Athena, goddess of Tegea • Alopeke, deme SE of Athens • Aphrodite, Athena and • Aphrodite, Daphnephoros of Athens • Apollo Delios/Dalios (Delos), Attika and Athens • Argos, and Athens • Argos, behaves like Athens • Aristides of Athens • Aristogiton, hero of Athens • Artemis, Agrotera of Athens • Artemis, Aristoboule of Athens • Artemis, Brauronia of Athens • Artemis, Mounichia of Athens • Asklepieion, Athens • Asklepios, introduction to Athens • Athena • Athena (goddess), depiction on coins • Athena Itonia • Athena Itonia in Thessaly, Itonos • Athena Itonia in Thessaly, chthonic attributes? • Athena Itonia in Thessaly, enduring martial character • Athena Itonia in Thessaly, in military and political history • Athena Itonia in Thessaly, name as Thessalian synthema • Athena Itonia, and Boiotian koinon • Athena Itonia, immigrant from Thessaly • Athena Itonia, tripods at • Athena Lindia • Athena Nike • Athena Nike’s temenos on the acropolis • Athena Pallas (Argos) • Athena Parthenos • Athena Polias • Athena Promachos • Athena Pronaia, Delphi • Athena Pronaia, Ptoion • Athena Salpinx (Argos) • Athena Soteira Nike, and seafaring • Athena Soteira Nike, and warfare • Athena, • Athena, Aphrodite and • Athena, Areia of Plataea • Athena, Athena Ellenios • Athena, Athena Polias • Athena, Athena Tauropolos • Athena, Athena at Sais • Athena, Hygeia • Athena, Ilias of Troy • Athena, Itonia • Athena, Krathia of South Italy • Athena, Lindia • Athena, Nike • Athena, Pallenis • Athena, Polias • Athena, Polias of Athens • Athena, Promachos of Athens • Athena, Pronaea • Athena, Pronaia of Delphi • Athena, Pronoia • Athena, Sciras • Athena, Sciras of Salamis • Athena, Skiras • Athena, Soteira • Athena, Trojan • Athena, and Orestes purity • Athena, and return of Peisistratus • Athena, goddess, in Smyrna • Athena, helmeted image • Athena, in Judgment of Paris scenes • Athena, of Egypt • Athena, of Libya • Athena, on Rhodes • Athena, on Rhodes, Lindia • Athena, on Rhodes, Pan-Rhodian • Athena, on Rhodes, archaeology of • Athena, on Rhodes, fireless sacrifice for • Athena, on Rhodes, oriental • Athena, s. 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rich, the, in fourth-century Athens • sanctuary, of Dionysus Eleuthereus (Athens) • springhouse decree (Athens) • statues, in Athens • statues, of Athena Nike • tamiai, of Athena • taxes, in Pisitratid Athens • temple, Athena of Old Smyrna • temple, of Athena Lindia • treasure houses on the acropolis (Athens) • tribute, religious, of cow and panoply to Athena • tribute, to Athens, blurring of religious and monetary in choral dance • tribute, to Athens, monetary • tribute, to Athens, problematic Ionikos prosodos • tyranny, in Athens • votives, Charites and Eros, votive relief of, from Acropolis, Athens • votives, plaque of Aphrodite with Eros and Himeros, Acropolis, Athens • wool, worked for Athena by parthenoi Wooden Walls debate
Found in books: Amendola (2022) 57, 209, 302; Athanassaki and Titchener (2022) 109, 110, 111, 112, 128, 137, 223, 224; Barbato (2020) 108, 115, 184; Belayche and Massa (2021) 14, 44; Beneker et al. (2022) 159; Bernabe et al (2013) 46, 75, 113, 252, 273, 426; Bickerman and Tropper (2007) 580; Bierl (2017) 16, 181; Bloch (2022) 112; Bosak-Schroeder (2020) 59, 112, 116; Bowie (2021) 188, 196, 234, 275, 307, 350, 451, 624, 651, 681, 752; Braund and Most (2004) 132; Bricault and Bonnet (2013) 138; Brodd and Reed (2011) 84, 91; Cadwallader (2016) 132; Castagnoli and Ceccarelli (2019) 82, 111; Csapo (2022) 18, 186; Ebrey and Kraut (2022) 42; Edmonds (2019) 216, 230, 232; Edmunds (2021) 93; Eidinow (2007) 266; Eidinow and Kindt (2015) 14, 174, 264, 310, 497; Ekroth (2013) 21, 203, 226, 298; Fabian Meinel (2015) 137; Fabre-Serris et al (2021) 54; Fletcher (2012) 104; Fowler (2014) 244; Gagné (2020) 119, 191, 203; Gaifman (2012) 83, 305; Goldhill (2022) 143; Gray (2021) 80; Gruen (2011) 267; Gruen (2020) 15, 44, 49; Gygax (2016) 55, 76, 82, 97, 100, 102, 110, 159, 162, 163; Gygax and Zuiderhoek (2021) 40, 47, 76; Hallmannsecker (2022) 19, 106, 116; Hawes (2021) 22, 23, 24, 25, 164, 165; Henderson (2020) 153; Hesk (2000) 48, 51; Heymans (2021) 187, 205; Horster and Klöckner (2014) 89; Hubbard (2014) 109; Humphreys (2018) 36, 50, 100, 112, 123, 282, 551, 561, 592, 597, 633, 646, 656, 661, 667, 682, 693, 735, 950; Hunter (2018) 82; Jim (2022) 47, 88; Johnston (2008) 134, 136; Jouanna (2012) 35; Jouanna (2018) 9, 113, 114, 158, 334, 573; Kingsley Monti and Rood (2022) 30, 142, 381; Kirichenko (2022) 95, 115; Kirkland (2022) 100, 101, 271, 281, 285, 286; Kowalzig (2007) 71, 83, 84, 86, 101, 106, 112, 122, 150, 151, 152, 157, 163, 164, 165, 166, 207, 208, 211, 212, 213, 215, 217, 218, 221, 232, 301, 302, 310, 315, 320, 321, 335, 338, 345, 353, 355, 359, 377, 384, 387; Lalone (2019) 25, 35, 38, 50, 51, 61, 67, 193, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201; Lipka (2021) 139, 140, 141, 142, 146, 159, 168; Lupu(2005) 281; Marek (2019) 118, 119, 120; Marincola et al (2021) 311; Mikalson (2003) 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 27, 28, 29, 30, 36, 37, 38, 39, 41, 43, 44, 45, 47, 50, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 58, 59, 61, 62, 63, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 84, 89, 94, 95, 98, 101, 107, 113, 114, 115, 117, 119, 120, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 129, 130, 132, 133, 134, 138, 141, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 150, 151, 154, 157, 161, 163, 164, 168, 171, 172, 174, 175, 176, 179, 181, 188, 192, 193, 194, 200, 201, 203, 204, 206, 209, 210, 213, 214, 221, 224, 225, 226, 230, 234, 235, 238; Mikalson (2016) 125, 261, 280, 285; Miller and Clay (2019) 73, 227; Morrison (2020) 50, 61, 99, 133, 135, 149, 153, 159, 175, 192, 194, 197; Naiden (2013) 101, 108, 137, 144, 146, 204; Papadodima (2022) 19, 25, 66, 69; Papazarkadas (2011) 245, 246, 280; Parker (2005) 59, 109, 112; Price Finkelberg and Shahar (2021) 91, 92; Raaflaub Ober and Wallace (2007) 93; Renberg (2017) 102, 311; Simon (2021) 90, 174, 178, 183, 194, 197, 237, 255, 256, 261, 318, 333; Singer and van Eijk (2018) 164; Stavrianopoulou (2006) 143; Steiner (2001) 105; Sweeney (2013) 28, 29, 115, 167; Tanaseanu-Döbler and von Alvensleben (2020) 267; Taylor and Hay (2020) 284; Torok (2014) 47; Versnel (2011) 113; Wilding (2022) 24, 32, 129; d, Hoine and Martijn (2017) 214; Álvarez (2019) 134
1.1. Ἡροδότου Ἁλικαρνησσέος ἱστορίης ἀπόδεξις ἥδε, ὡς μήτε τὰ γενόμενα ἐξ ἀνθρώπων τῷ χρόνῳ ἐξίτηλα γένηται, μήτε ἔργα μεγάλα τε καὶ θωμαστά, τὰ μὲν Ἕλλησι τὰ δὲ βαρβάροισι ἀποδεχθέντα, ἀκλεᾶ γένηται, τά τε ἄλλα καὶ διʼ ἣν αἰτίην ἐπολέμησαν ἀλλήλοισι. Περσέων μέν νυν οἱ λόγιοι Φοίνικας αἰτίους φασὶ γενέσθαι τῆς διαφορῆς. τούτους γὰρ ἀπὸ τῆς Ἐρυθρῆς καλεομένης θαλάσσης ἀπικομένους ἐπὶ τήνδε τὴν θάλασσαν, καὶ οἰκήσαντας τοῦτον τὸν χῶρον τὸν καὶ νῦν οἰκέουσι, αὐτίκα ναυτιλίῃσι μακρῇσι ἐπιθέσθαι, ἀπαγινέοντας δὲ φορτία Αἰγύπτιά τε καὶ Ἀσσύρια τῇ τε ἄλλῃ ἐσαπικνέεσθαι καὶ δὴ καὶ ἐς Ἄργος. τὸ δὲ Ἄργος τοῦτον τὸν χρόνον προεῖχε ἅπασι τῶν ἐν τῇ νῦν Ἑλλάδι καλεομένῃ χωρῇ. ἀπικομένους δὲ τούς Φοίνικας ἐς δὴ τὸ Ἄργος τοῦτο διατίθεσθαι τὸν φόρτον. πέμπτῃ δὲ ἢ ἕκτῃ ἡμέρῃ ἀπʼ ἧς ἀπίκοντο, ἐξεμπολημένων σφι σχεδόν πάντων, ἐλθεῖν ἐπὶ τὴν θάλασσαν γυναῖκας ἄλλας τε πολλάς καὶ δὴ καὶ τοῦ βασιλέος θυγατέρα· τὸ δέ οἱ οὔνομα εἶναι, κατὰ τὠυτὸ τὸ καὶ Ἕλληνές λέγουσι, Ἰοῦν τὴν Ἰνάχου· ταύτας στάσας κατά πρύμνην τῆς νεὸς ὠνέεσθαι τῶν φορτίων τῶν σφι ἦν θυμός μάλιστα· καὶ τοὺς Φοίνικας διακελευσαμένους ὁρμῆσαι ἐπʼ αὐτάς. τὰς μὲν δὴ πλεῦνας τῶν γυναικῶν ἀποφυγεῖν, τὴν δὲ Ἰοῦν σὺν ἄλλῃσι ἁρπασθῆναι. ἐσβαλομένους δὲ ἐς τὴν νέα οἴχεσθαι ἀποπλέοντας ἐπʼ Αἰγύπτου. 1.2. οὕτω μὲν Ἰοῦν ἐς Αἴγυπτον ἀπικέσθαι λέγουσι Πέρσαι, οὐκ ὡς Ἕλληνές, καὶ τῶν ἀδικημάτων πρῶτον τοῦτο ἄρξαι. μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα Ἑλλήνων τινάς ʽοὐ γὰρ ἔχουσι τοὔνομα ἀπηγήσασθαἰ φασὶ τῆς Φοινίκης ἐς Τύρον προσσχόντας ἁρπάσαι τοῦ βασιλέος τὴν θυγατέρα Εὐρώπην. εἴησαν δʼ ἄν οὗτοι Κρῆτες. ταῦτα μὲν δὴ ἴσα πρὸς ἴσα σφι γενέσθαι, μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα Ἕλληνας αἰτίους τῆς δευτέρης ἀδικίης γενέσθαι· καταπλώσαντας γὰρ μακρῇ νηί ἐς Αἶαν τε τὴν Κολχίδα καὶ ἐπὶ Φᾶσιν ποταμόν, ἐνθεῦτεν, διαπρηξαμένους καὶ τἄλλα τῶν εἵνεκεν ἀπίκατο, ἁρπάσαι τοῦ βασιλέος τὴν θυγατέρα Μηδείην. πέμψαντά δὲ τὸν Κόλχων βασιλέα ἐς τὴν Ἑλλάδα κήρυκα αἰτέειν τε δίκας τῆς ἁρπαγῆς καὶ ἀπαιτέειν τὴν θυγατέρα. τοὺς δὲ ὑποκρίνασθαι ὡς οὐδὲ ἐκεῖνοι Ἰοῦς τῆς Ἀργείης ἔδοσάν σφι δίκας τῆς ἁρπαγῆς· οὐδὲ ὤν αὐτοὶ δώσειν ἐκείνοισι. 1.3. δευτέρῃ δὲ λέγουσι γενεῇ μετὰ ταῦτα Ἀλέξανδρον τὸν Πριάμου, ἀκηκοότα ταῦτα, ἐθελῆσαί οἱ ἐκ τῆς Ἑλλάδος διʼ ἁρπαγῆς γενέσθαι γυναῖκα, ἐπιστάμενον πάντως ὅτι οὐ δώσει δίκας. οὐδὲ γὰρ ἐκείνους διδόναι. οὕτω δὴ ἁρπάσαντος αὐτοῦ Ἑλένην, τοῖσι Ἕλλησι δόξαι πρῶτὸν πέμψαντας ἀγγέλους ἀπαιτέειν τε Ἑλένην καὶ δίκας τῆς ἁρπαγῆς αἰτέειν. τοὺς δέ, προϊσχομένων ταῦτα, προφέρειν σφι Μηδείης τὴν ἁρπαγήν, ὡς οὐ δόντες αὐτοὶ δίκας οὐδὲ ἐκδόντες ἀπαιτεόντων βουλοίατό σφι παρʼ ἄλλων δίκας γίνεσθαι. 1.4. μέχρι μὲν ὤν τούτου ἁρπαγάς μούνας εἶναι παρʼ ἀλλήλων, τὸ δὲ ἀπὸ τούτου Ἕλληνας δὴ μεγάλως αἰτίους γενέσθαι· προτέρους γὰρ ἄρξαι στρατεύεσθαι ἐς τὴν Ἀσίην ἢ σφέας ἐς τὴν Εὐρώπην. τὸ μέν νυν ἁρπάζειν γυναῖκας ἀνδρῶν ἀδίκων νομίζειν ἔργον εἶναι, τὸ δὲ ἁρπασθεισέων σπουδήν ποιήσασθαι τιμωρέειν ἀνοήτων, τὸ δὲ μηδεμίαν ὤρην ἔχειν ἁρπασθεισέων σωφρόνων· δῆλα γὰρ δὴ ὅτι, εἰ μὴ αὐταὶ ἐβούλοντο, οὐκ ἂν ἡρπάζοντο. σφέας μὲν δὴ τοὺς ἐκ τῆς Ἀσίης λέγουσι Πέρσαι ἁρπαζομενέων τῶν γυναικῶν λόγον οὐδένα ποιήσασθαι, Ἕλληνας δὲ Λακεδαιμονίης εἵνεκεν γυναικὸς στόλον μέγαν συναγεῖραι καὶ ἔπειτα ἐλθόντας ἐς τὴν Ἀσίην τὴν Πριάμου δύναμιν κατελεῖν. ἀπὸ τούτου αἰεὶ ἡγήσασθαι τὸ Ἑλληνικὸν σφίσι εἶναι πολέμιον. τὴν γὰρ Ἀσίην καὶ τὰ ἐνοικέοντα ἔθνεα βάρβαρα 1 οἰκηιεῦνται οἱ Πέρσαι, τὴν δὲ Εὐρώπην καὶ τὸ Ἑλληνικόν ἥγηνται κεχωρίσθαι. 1.5. οὕτω μὲν Πέρσαι λέγουσι γενέσθαι, καὶ διὰ τὴν Ἰλίου ἅλωσιν εὑρίσκουσι σφίσι ἐοῦσαν τὴν ἀρχήν τῆς ἔχθρης τῆς ἐς τοὺς Ἕλληνας. περὶ δὲ τῆς Ἰοῦς οὐκ ὁμολογέουσι Πέρσῃσι οὕτω Φοίνικες· οὐ γὰρ ἁρπαγῇ σφέας χρησαμένους λέγουσι ἀγαγεῖν αὐτήν ἐς Αἴγυπτον, ἀλλʼ ὡς ἐν τῷ Ἄργεϊ ἐμίσγετο τῷ ναυκλήρῳ τῆς νέος· ἐπεὶ δʼ ἔμαθε ἔγκυος ἐοῦσα, αἰδεομένη τοὺς τοκέας οὕτω δὴ ἐθελοντήν αὐτήν τοῖσι Φοίνιξι συνεκπλῶσαι, ὡς ἂν μὴ κατάδηλος γένηται. ταῦτα μέν νυν Πέρσαι τε καὶ Φοίνικες λέγουσι· ἐγὼ δὲ περὶ μὲν τούτων οὐκ ἔρχομαι ἐρέων ὡς οὕτω ἢ ἄλλως κως ταῦτα ἐγένετο, τὸν δὲ οἶδα αὐτὸς πρῶτον ὑπάρξαντα ἀδίκων ἔργων ἐς τοὺς Ἕλληνας, τοῦτον σημήνας προβήσομαι ἐς τὸ πρόσω τοῦ λόγου, ὁμοίως σμικρὰ καὶ μεγάλα ἄστεα ἀνθρώπων ἐπεξιών. τὰ γὰρ τὸ πάλαι μεγάλα ἦν, τὰ πολλὰ σμικρὰ αὐτῶν γέγονε· τὰ δὲ ἐπʼ ἐμεῦ ἦν μεγάλα, πρότερον ἦν σμικρά. τὴν ἀνθρωπηίην ὤν ἐπιστάμενος εὐδαιμονίην οὐδαμὰ ἐν τὠυτῷ μένουσαν, ἐπιμνήσομαι ἀμφοτέρων ὁμοίως.
1.30. αὐτῶν δὴ ὦν τούτων καὶ τῆς θεωρίης ἐκδημήσας ὁ Σόλων εἵνεκεν ἐς Αἴγυπτον ἀπίκετο παρὰ Ἄμασιν καὶ δὴ καὶ ἐς Σάρδις παρὰ Κροῖσον. ἀπικόμενος δὲ ἐξεινίζετο ἐν τοῖσι βασιληίοισι ὑπὸ τοῦ Κροίσου· μετὰ δὲ ἡμέρῃ τρίτῃ ἢ τετάρτῃ κελεύσαντος Κροίσου τὸν Σόλωνα θεράποντες περιῆγον κατὰ τοὺς θησαυρούς, καὶ ἐπεδείκνυσαν πάντα ἐόντα μεγάλα τε καὶ ὄλβια. θεησάμενον δέ μιν τὰ πάντα καὶ σκεψάμενον ὥς οἱ κατὰ καιρὸν ἦν, εἴρετο ὁ Κροῖσος τάδε. “ξεῖνε Ἀθηναῖε, παρʼ ἡμέας γὰρ περὶ σέο λόγος ἀπῖκται πολλὸς καὶ σοφίης εἵνεκεν 1 τῆς σῆς καὶ πλάνης, ὡς φιλοσοφέων γῆν πολλὴν θεωρίης εἵνεκεν ἐπελήλυθας· νῦν ὦν ἐπειρέσθαι με ἵμερος ἐπῆλθέ σε εἴ τινα ἤδη πάντων εἶδες ὀλβιώτατον.” ὃ μὲν ἐλπίζων εἶναι ἀνθρώπων ὀλβιώτατος ταῦτα ἐπειρώτα· Σόλων δὲ οὐδὲν ὑποθωπεύσας ἀλλὰ τῷ ἐόντι χρησάμενος λέγει “ὦ βασιλεῦ, Τέλλον Ἀθηναῖον.” ἀποθωμάσας δὲ Κροῖσος τὸ λεχθὲν εἴρετο ἐπιστρεφέως· “κοίῃ δὴ κρίνεις Τέλλον εἶναι ὀλβιώτατον;” ὁ δὲ εἶπε “Τέλλῳ τοῦτο μὲν τῆς πόλιος εὖ ἡκούσης παῖδες ἦσαν καλοί τε κἀγαθοί, καί σφι εἶδε ἅπασι τέκνα ἐκγενόμενα καὶ πάντα παραμείναντα· τοῦτο δὲ τοῦ βίου εὖ ἥκοντι, ὡς τὰ παρʼ ἡμῖν, τελευτὴ τοῦ βίου λαμπροτάτη ἐπεγένετο· γενομένης γὰρ Ἀθηναίοισι μάχης πρὸς τοὺς ἀστυγείτονας ἐν Ἐλευσῖνι, βοηθήσας καὶ τροπὴν ποιήσας τῶν πολεμίων ἀπέθανε κάλλιστα, καί μιν Ἀθηναῖοι δημοσίῃ τε ἔθαψαν αὐτοῦ τῇ περ ἔπεσε καὶ ἐτίμησαν μεγάλως.” 1.31. ὣς δὲ τὰ κατὰ τὸν Τέλλον προετρέψατο ὁ Σόλων τὸν Κροῖσον εἴπας πολλά τε καὶ ὀλβία, ἐπειρώτα τίνα δεύτερον μετʼ ἐκεῖνον ἴδοι, δοκέων πάγχυ δευτερεῖα γῶν οἴσεσθαι. ὃ δʼ εἶπε “Κλέοβίν τε καὶ Βίτωνα. τούτοισι γὰρ ἐοῦσι γένος Ἀργείοισι βίος τε ἀρκέων ὑπῆν, καὶ πρὸς τούτῳ ῥώμη σώματος τοιήδε· ἀεθλοφόροι τε ἀμφότεροι ὁμοίως ἦσαν, καὶ δὴ καὶ λέγεται ὅδε ὁ λόγος. ἐούσης ὁρτῆς τῇ Ἥρῃ τοῖσι Ἀργείοισι ἔδεε πάντως τὴν μητέρα αὐτῶν ζεύγεϊ κομισθῆναι ἐς τὸ ἱρόν, οἱ δέ σφι βόες ἐκ τοῦ ἀγροῦ οὐ παρεγίνοντο ἐν ὥρῃ· ἐκκληιόμενοι δὲ τῇ ὥρῃ οἱ νεηνίαι ὑποδύντες αὐτοὶ ὑπὸ τὴν ζεύγλην εἷλκον τὴν ἅμαξαν, ἐπὶ τῆς ἁμάξης δέ σφι ὠχέετο ἡ μήτηρ· σταδίους δὲ πέντε καὶ τεσσεράκοντα διακομίσαντες ἀπίκοντο ἐς τὸ ἱρόν. ταῦτα δέ σφι ποιήσασι καὶ ὀφθεῖσι ὑπὸ τῆς πανηγύριος τελευτὴ τοῦ βίου ἀρίστη ἐπεγένετο, διέδεξέ τε ἐν τούτοισι ὁ θεὸς ὡς ἄμεινον εἴη ἀνθρώπῳ τεθνάναι μᾶλλον ἢ ζώειν. Ἀργεῖοι μὲν γὰρ περιστάντες ἐμακάριζον τῶν νεηνιέων τὴν ῥώμην, αἱ δὲ Ἀργεῖαι τὴν μητέρα αὐτῶν, οἵων τέκνων ἐκύρησε· ἡ δὲ μήτηρ περιχαρής ἐοῦσα τῷ τε ἔργῳ καὶ τῇ φήμῃ, στᾶσα ἀντίον τοῦ ἀγάλματος εὔχετο Κλεόβι τε καὶ Βίτωνι τοῖσι ἑωυτῆς τέκνοισι, οἵ μιν ἐτίμησαν μεγάλως, τὴν θεὸν δοῦναι τὸ ἀνθρώπῳ τυχεῖν ἄριστον ἐστί. μετὰ ταύτην δὲ τὴν εὐχὴν ὡς ἔθυσάν τε καὶ εὐωχήθησαν, κατακοιμηθέντες ἐν αὐτῷ τῷ ἱρῷ οἱ νεηνίαι οὐκέτι ἀνέστησαν ἀλλʼ ἐν τέλεϊ τούτῳ ἔσχοντο. Ἀργεῖοι δὲ σφέων εἰκόνας ποιησάμενοι ἀνέθεσαν ἐς Δελφοὺς ὡς ἀριστῶν γενομένων.” 1.32. Σόλων μὲν δὴ εὐδαιμονίης δευτερεῖα ἔνεμε τούτοισι, Κροῖσος δὲ σπερχθεὶς εἶπε “ὦ ξεῖνε Ἀθηναῖε, ἡ δʼ ἡμετέρη εὐδαιμονίη οὕτω τοι ἀπέρριπται ἐς τὸ μηδὲν ὥστε οὐδὲ ἰδιωτέων ἀνδρῶν ἀξίους ἡμέας ἐποίησας;” ὁ δὲ εἶπε “ὦ Κροῖσε, ἐπιστάμενόν με τὸ θεῖον πᾶν ἐὸν φθονερόν τε καὶ ταραχῶδες ἐπειρωτᾷς ἀνθρωπηίων πρηγμάτων πέρι. ἐν γὰρ τῷ μακρῷ χρόνῳ πολλὰ μὲν ἐστὶ ἰδεῖν τὰ μή τις ἐθέλει, πολλὰ δὲ καὶ παθεῖν. ἐς γὰρ ἑβδομήκοντα ἔτεα οὖρον τῆς ζόης ἀνθρώπῳ προτίθημι. οὗτοι ἐόντες ἐνιαυτοὶ ἑβδομήκοντα παρέχονται ἡμέρας διηκοσίας καὶ πεντακισχιλίας καὶ δισμυρίας, ἐμβολίμου μηνὸς μὴ γινομένου· εἰ δὲ δὴ ἐθελήσει τοὔτερον τῶν ἐτέων μηνὶ μακρότερον γίνεσθαι, ἵνα δὴ αἱ ὧραι συμβαίνωσι παραγινόμεναι ἐς τὸ δέον, μῆνες μὲν παρὰ τὰ ἑβδομήκοντα ἔτεα οἱ ἐμβόλιμοι γίνονται τριήκοντα πέντε, ἡμέραι δὲ ἐκ τῶν μηνῶν τούτων χίλιαι πεντήκοντα. τουτέων τῶν ἁπασέων ἡμερέων τῶν ἐς τὰ ἑβδομήκοντα ἔτεα, ἐουσέων πεντήκοντα καὶ διηκοσιέων καὶ ἑξακισχιλιέων καὶ δισμυριέων, ἡ ἑτέρη αὐτέων τῇ ἑτέρῃ ἡμέρῃ τὸ παράπαν οὐδὲν ὅμοιον προσάγει πρῆγμα. οὕτω ὦν Κροῖσε πᾶν ἐστὶ ἄνθρωπος συμφορή. ἐμοὶ δὲ σὺ καὶ πλουτέειν μέγα φαίνεαι καὶ βασιλεὺς πολλῶν εἶναι ἀνθρώπων· ἐκεῖνο δὲ τὸ εἴρεό με, οὔκω σε ἐγὼ λέγω, πρὶν τελευτήσαντα καλῶς τὸν αἰῶνα πύθωμαι. οὐ γάρ τι ὁ μέγα πλούσιος μᾶλλον τοῦ ἐπʼ ἡμέρην ἔχοντος ὀλβιώτερος ἐστί, εἰ μή οἱ τύχη ἐπίσποιτο πάντα καλὰ ἔχοντα εὖ τελευτῆσαὶ τὸν βίον. πολλοὶ μὲν γὰρ ζάπλουτοι ἀνθρώπων ἀνόλβιοι εἰσί, πολλοὶ δὲ μετρίως ἔχοντες βίου εὐτυχέες. ὁ μὲν δὴ μέγα πλούσιος ἀνόλβιος δὲ δυοῖσι προέχει τοῦ εὐτυχέος μοῦνον, οὗτος δὲ τοῦ πλουσίου καὶ ἀνόλβου πολλοῖσι· ὃ μὲν ἐπιθυμίην ἐκτελέσαι καί ἄτην μεγάλην προσπεσοῦσαν ἐνεῖκαι δυνατώτερος, ὁ δὲ τοῖσιδε προέχει ἐκείνου· ἄτην μὲν καὶ ἐπιθυμίην οὐκ ὁμοίως δυνατὸς ἐκείνῳ ἐνεῖκαι, ταῦτα δὲ ἡ εὐτυχίη οἱ ἀπερύκει, ἄπηρος δὲ ἐστί, ἄνουσος, ἀπαθὴς κακῶν, εὔπαις, εὐειδής. εἰ δὲ πρὸς τούτοισι ἔτι τελευτήσῃ τὸν βίον εὖ, οὗτος ἐκεῖνος τὸν σὺ ζητέεις, ὁ ὄλβιος κεκλῆσθαι ἄξιος ἐστί· πρὶν δʼ ἂν τελευτήσῃ, ἐπισχεῖν, μηδὲ καλέειν κω ὄλβιον ἀλλʼ εὐτυχέα. τὰ πάντα μέν νυν ταῦτα συλλαβεῖν ἄνθρωπον ἐόντα ἀδύνατον ἐστί, ὥσπερ χωρῇ οὐδεμία καταρκέει πάντα ἑωυτῇ παρέχουσα, ἀλλὰ ἄλλο μὲν ἔχει ἑτέρου δὲ ἐπιδέεται· ἣ δὲ ἂν τὰ πλεῖστα ἔχῃ, αὕτη ἀρίστη. ὣς δὲ καὶ ἀνθρώπου σῶμα ἓν οὐδὲν αὔταρκες ἐστί· τὸ μὲν γὰρ ἔχει, ἄλλου δὲ ἐνδεές ἐστι· ὃς δʼ ἂν αὐτῶν πλεῖστα ἔχων διατελέῃ καὶ ἔπειτα τελευτήσῃ εὐχαρίστως τὸν βίον, οὗτος παρʼ ἐμοὶ τὸ οὔνομα τοῦτο ὦ βασιλεῦ δίκαιος ἐστὶ φέρεσθαι. σκοπέειν δὲ χρὴ παντὸς χρήματος τὴν τελευτήν, κῇ ἀποβήσεται· πολλοῖσι γὰρ δὴ ὑποδέξας ὄλβον ὁ θεὸς προρρίζους ἀνέτρεψε.”
1.35. ἔχοντι 1 δέ οἱ ἐν χερσὶ τοῦ παιδὸς τὸν γάμον, ἀπικνέεται ἐς τὰς Σάρδις ἀνὴρ συμφορῇ ἐχόμενος καὶ οὐ καθαρὸς χεῖρας, ἐὼν Φρὺξ μὲν γενεῇ, γένεος δὲ τοῦ βασιληίου. παρελθὼν δὲ οὗτος ἐς τὰ Κροίσου οἰκία κατὰ νόμους τοὺς ἐπιχωρίους καθαρσίου ἐδέετο κυρῆσαι, Κροῖσος δέ μιν ἐκάθηρε. ἔστι δὲ παραπλησίη ἡ κάθαρσις τοῖσι Λυδοῖσι καὶ τοῖσι Ἕλλησι. ἐπείτε δὲ τὰ νομιζόμενα ἐποίησε ὁ Κροῖσος, ἐπυνθάνετο ὁκόθεν τε καὶ τίς εἴη, λέγων τάδε· “ὤνθρωπε, τίς τε ἐὼν καὶ κόθεν τῆς Φρυγίης ἥκων ἐπίστιός μοι ἐγένεο; τίνα τε ἀνδρῶν ἢ γυναικῶν ἐφόνευσας;” ὁ δὲ ἀμείβετο “ὦ βασιλεῦ, Γορδίεω μὲν τοῦ Μίδεω εἰμὶ παῖς, ὀνομάζομαι δὲ Ἄδρηστος, φονεύσας δὲ ἀδελφεὸν ἐμεωυτοῦ ἀέκων πάρειμι ἐξεληλαμένος τε ὑπὸ τοῦ πατρὸς καὶ ἐστερημένος πάντων.” Κροῖσος δέ μιν ἀμείβετο τοῖσιδε· “ἀνδρῶν τε φίλων τυγχάνεις ἔκγονος ἐὼν καὶ ἐλήλυθας ἐς φίλους, ἔνθα ἀμηχανήσεις χρήματος οὐδενὸς μένων ἐν ἡμετέρου, συμφορήν τε ταύτην ὡς κουφότατα φέρων κερδανέεις πλεῖστον.”
1.44. ὁ δὲ Κροῖσος τῳ θανάτῳ τοῦ παιδὸς συντεταραγμένος μᾶλλον τι ἐδεινολογέετο ὅτι μιν ἀπέκτεινε τὸν αὐτὸς φόνου ἐκάθηρε· περιημεκτέων δὲ τῇ συμφορῇ δεινῶς ἐκάλεε μὲν Δία καθάρσιον μαρτυρόμενος τὰ ὑπὸ τοῦ ξείνου πεπονθὼς εἴη ἐκάλεε δὲ ἐπίστιόν τε καὶ ἑταιρήιον, τὸν αὐτὸν τοῦτον ὀνομάζων θεόν, τὸν μὲν ἐπίστιον καλέων, διότι δὴ οἰκίοισι ὑποδεξάμενος τὸν ξεῖνον φονέα τοῦ παιδὸς ἐλάνθανε βόσκων, τὸν δὲ ἑταιρήιον, ὡς φύλακα συμπέμψας αὐτὸν εὑρήκοι πολεμιώτατον.
1.46. Κροῖσος δὲ ἐπὶ δύο ἔτεα ἐν πένθεϊ μεγάλῳ κατῆστο τοῦ παιδὸς ἐστερημένος. μετὰ δὲ ἡ Ἀστυάγεος τοῦ Κυαξάρεω ἡγεμονίη καταιρεθεῖσα ὑπὸ Κύρου τοῦ Καμβύσεω καὶ τὰ τῶν Περσέων πρήγματα αὐξανόμενα πένθεος μὲν Κροῖσον ἀπέπαυσε, ἐνέβησε δὲ ἐς φροντίδα, εἴ κως δύναιτο, πρὶν μεγάλους γενέσθαι τοὺς Πέρσας, καταλαβεῖν αὐτῶν αὐξανομένην τὴν δύναμιν. μετὰ ὦν τὴν διάνοιαν ταύτην αὐτίκα ἀπεπειρᾶτο τῶν μαντείων τῶν τε ἐν Ἕλλησι καὶ τοῦ ἐν Λιβύῃ, διαπέμψας ἄλλους ἄλλῃ, τοὺς μὲν ἐς Δελφοὺς ἰέναι, τοὺς δὲ ἐς Ἄβας τὰς Φωκέων, τοὺς δὲ ἐς Δωδώνην· οἳ δὲ τινὲς ἐπέμποντο παρὰ τε Ἀμφιάρεων καὶ παρὰ Τροφώνιον, οἳ δὲ τῆς Μιλησίης ἐς Βραγχίδας. ταῦτα μέν νυν τὰ Ἑλληνικὰ μαντήια ἐς τὰ ἀπέπεμψε μαντευσόμενος Κροῖσος· Λιβύης δὲ παρὰ Ἄμμωνα ἀπέστελλε ἄλλους χρησομένους. διέπεμπε δὲ πειρώμενος τῶν μαντηίων ὅ τι φρονέοιεν, ὡς εἰ φρονέοντα τὴν ἀληθείην εὑρεθείη, ἐπείρηται σφέα δεύτερα πέμπων εἰ ἐπιχειρέοι ἐπὶ Πέρσας στρατεύεσθαι.
1.49. τὰ μὲν δὴ ἐκ Δελφῶν οὕτω τῷ, Κροίσῳ ἐχρήσθη· κατὰ δὲ τὴν Ἀμφιάρεω τοῦ μαντηίου ὑπόκρισιν, οὐκ ἔχω εἰπεῖν ὅ τι τοῖσι Λυδοῖσι ἔχρησε ποιήσασι περὶ τὸ ἱρὸν τὰ νομιζόμενα ʽοὐ γὰρ ὦν οὐδὲ τοῦτο λέγεταἰ, ἄλλο γε ἢ ὅτι καὶ τοῦτο ἐνόμισε μαντήιον ἀψευδὲς ἐκτῆσθαι. 1.50. μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα θυσίῃσι μεγάλῃσι τὸν ἐν Δελφοῖσι θεὸν ἱλάσκετο· κτήνεά τε γὰρ τὰ θύσιμα πάντα τρισχίλια ἔθυσε, κλίνας τε ἐπιχρύσους καὶ ἐπαργύρους καὶ φιάλας χρυσέας καὶ εἵματα πορφύρεα καὶ κιθῶνας, νήσας πυρὴν μεγάλην, κατέκαιε, ἐλπίζων τὸν θεὸν μᾶλλον τι τούτοισι ἀνακτήσεσθαι· Λυδοῖσι τε πᾶσι προεῖπε θύειν πάντα τινὰ αὐτῶν τούτῳ ὅ τι ἔχοι ἕκαστος. ὡς δὲ ἐκ τῆς θυσίης ἐγένετο, καταχεάμενος χρυσὸν ἄπλετον ἡμιπλίνθια ἐξ αὐτοῦ ἐξήλαυνε, ἐπὶ μὰν τὰ μακρότερα ποιέων ἑξαπάλαιστα, ἐπὶ δὲ τὰ βραχύτερα τριπάλαιστα, ὕψος δὲ παλαιστιαῖα. ἀριθμὸν δὲ ἑπτακαίδεκα καὶ ἑκατόν, καὶ τούτων ἀπέφθου χρυσοῦ τέσσερα, τρίτον ἡμιτάλαντον ἕκαστον ἕλκοντα, τὰ δὲ ἄλλα ἡμιπλίνθια λευκοῦ χρυσοῦ, σταθμὸν διτάλαντα. ἐποιέετο δὲ καὶ λέοντος εἰκόνα χρυσοῦ ἀπέφθου ἕλκουσαν σταθμὸν τάλαντα δέκα. οὗτος ὁ λέων, ἐπείτε κατεκαίετο ὁ ἐν Δελφοῖσι νηός, κατέπεσε ἀπὸ τῶν ἡμιπλινθίων ʽἐπὶ γὰρ τούτοισι ἵδρυτὀ, καὶ νῦν κεῖται ἐν τῷ Κορινθίων θησαυρῷ, ἕλκων σταθμὸν ἕβδομον ἡμιτάλαντον· ἀπετάκη γὰρ αὐτοῦ τέταρτον ἡμιτάλαντον.
1.54. ἐπείτε δὲ ἀνενειχθέντα τὰ θεοπρόπια ἐπύθετο ὁ Κροῖσος, ὑπερήσθη τε τοῖσι χρηστηρίοισι, πάγχυ τε ἐλπίσας καταλύσειν τὴν Κύρου βασιληίην, πέμψας αὖτις ἐς Πυθὼ Δελφοὺς δωρέεται, πυθόμενος αὐτῶν τὸ πλῆθος, κατʼ ἄνδρα δύο στατῆρσι ἕκαστον χρυσοῦ. Δελφοὶ δὲ ἀντὶ τούτων ἔδοσαν Κροίσῳ καὶ Λυδοῖσι προμαντηίην καὶ ἀτελείην καὶ προεδρίην, καὶ ἐξεῖναι τῷ βουλομένῳ αὐτῶν γίνεσθαι Δελφὸν ἐς τὸν αἰεὶ χρόνον.
1.56. τούτοισι ἐλθοῦσι τοῖσι ἔπεσι ὁ Κροῖσος πολλόν τι μάλιστα πάντων ἥσθη, ἐλπίζων ἡμίονον οὐδαμὰ ἀντʼ ἀνδρὸς βασιλεύσειν Μήδων, οὐδʼ ὦν αὐτὸς οὐδὲ οἱ ἐξ αὐτοῦ παύσεσθαι κοτὲ τῆς ἀρχῆς. μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα ἐφρόντιζε ἱστορέων τοὺς ἂν Ἑλλήνων δυνατωτάτους ἐόντας προσκτήσαιτο φίλους, ἱστορέων δὲ εὕρισκε Λακεδαιμονίους καὶ Ἀθηναίους προέχοντας τοὺς μὲν τοῦ Δωρικοῦ γένεος τοὺς δὲ τοῦ Ἰωνικοῦ. ταῦτα γὰρ ἦν τὰ προκεκριμένα, ἐόντα τὸ ἀρχαῖον τὸ μὲν Πελασγικὸν τὸ δὲ Ἑλληνικὸν ἔθνος. καὶ τὸ μὲν οὐδαμῇ κω ἐξεχώρησε, τὸ δὲ πολυπλάνητον κάρτα. ἐπὶ μὲν γὰρ Δευκαλίωνος βασιλέος οἴκεε γῆν τὴν Φθιῶτιν, ἐπὶ δὲ Δώρου τοῦ Ἕλληνος τὴν ὑπὸ τὴν Ὄσσαν τε καὶ τὸν Ὄλυμπον χώρην, καλεομένην δὲ Ἱστιαιῶτιν· ἐκ δὲ τῆς Ἱστιαιώτιδος ὡς ἐξανέστη ὑπὸ Καδμείων, οἴκεε ἐν Πίνδῳ Μακεδνὸν καλεόμενον· ἐνθεῦτεν δὲ αὖτις ἐς τὴν Δρυοπίδα μετέβη καὶ ἐκ τῆς Δρυοπίδος οὕτω ἐς Πελοπόννησον ἐλθὸν Δωρικὸν ἐκλήθη. 1.57. ἥντινα δὲ γλῶσσαν ἵεσαν οἱ Πελασγοί, οὐκ ἔχω ἀτρεκέως εἰπεῖν. εἰ δὲ χρεόν ἐστι τεκμαιρόμενον λέγειν τοῖσι νῦν ἔτι ἐοῦσι Πελασγῶν τῶν ὑπὲρ Τυρσηνῶν Κρηστῶνα πόλιν οἰκεόντων, οἳ ὅμουροι κοτὲ ἦσαν τοῖσι νῦν Δωριεῦσι καλεομένοισι ʽοἴκεον δὲ τηνικαῦτα γῆν τὴν νῦν Θεσσαλιῶτιν καλεομένην̓, καὶ τῶν Πλακίην τε καὶ Σκυλάκην Πελασγῶν οἰκησάντων ἐν Ἑλλησπόντῳ, οἳ σύνοικοι ἐγένοντο Ἀθηναίοισι, καὶ ὅσα ἄλλα Πελασγικὰ ἐόντα πολίσματα τὸ οὔνομα μετέβαλε· εἰ τούτοισι τεκμαιρόμενον δεῖ λέγειν, ἦσαν οἱ Πελασγοὶ βάρβαρον γλῶσσαν ἱέντες. εἰ τοίνυν ἦν καὶ πᾶν τοιοῦτο τὸ Πελασγικόν, τὸ Ἀττικὸν ἔθνος ἐὸν Πελασγικὸν ἅμα τῇ μεταβολῇ τῇ ἐς Ἕλληνας καὶ τὴν γλῶσσαν μετέμαθε. καὶ γὰρ δὴ οὔτε οἱ Κρηστωνιῆται οὐδαμοῖσι τῶν νῦν σφέας περιοικεόντων εἰσὶ ὁμόγλωσσοι οὔτε οἱ Πλακιηνοί, σφίσι δὲ ὁμόγλωσσοι· δηλοῦσί τε ὅτι τὸν ἠνείκαντο γλώσσης χαρακτῆρα μεταβαίνοντες ἐς ταῦτα τὰ χωρία, τοῦτον ἔχουσι ἐν φυλακῇ.
1.59. τούτων δὴ ὦν τῶν ἐθνέων τὸ μὲν Ἀττικὸν κατεχόμενόν τε καὶ διεσπασμένον ἐπυνθάνετο ὁ Κροῖσος ὑπὸ Πεισιστράτου τοῦ Ἱπποκράτεος τοῦτον τὸν χρόνον τυραννεύοντος Ἀθηναίων. Ἱπποκράτεϊ γὰρ ἐόντι ἰδιώτῃ καὶ θεωρέοντι τὰ Ὀλύμπια τέρας ἐγένετο μέγα· θύσαντος γὰρ αὐτοῦ τὰ ἱρὰ οἱ λέβητες ἐπεστεῶτες καὶ κρεῶν τε ἐόντες ἔμπλεοι καὶ ὕδατος ἄνευ πυρὸς ἔζεσαν καὶ ὑπερέβαλον. Χίλων δὲ ὁ Λακεδαιμόνιος παρατυχὼν καὶ θεησάμενος τὸ τέρας συνεβούλευε Ἱπποκράτεϊ πρῶτα μὲν γυναῖκα μὴ ἄγεσθαι τεκνοποιὸν ἐς τὰ οἰκία, εἰ δὲ τυγχάνει ἔχων, δευτέρα τὴν γυναῖκα ἐκπέμπειν, καὶ εἴ τίς οἱ τυγχάνει ἐὼν παῖς, τοῦτον ἀπείπασθαι. οὔκων ταῦτα παραινέσαντος Χίλωνος πείθεσθαι θέλειν τὸν Ἱπποκράτεα· γενέσθαι οἱ μετὰ ταῦτα τὸν Πεισίστρατον τοῦτον, ὃς στασιαζόντων τῶν παράλων καὶ τῶν ἐκ τοῦ πεδίου Ἀθηναίων, καὶ τῶν μὲν προεστεῶτος Μεγακλέος τοῦ Ἀλκμέωνος, τῶν δὲ ἐκ τοῦ πεδίου Λυκούργου Ἀριστολαΐδεω, καταφρονήσας τὴν τυραννίδα ἤγειρε τρίτην στάσιν· συλλέξας δὲ στασιώτας καὶ τῷ λόγῳ τῶν ὑπερακρίων προστὰς μηχανᾶται τοιάδε. τρωματίσας ἑωυτόν τε καὶ ἡμιόνους ἤλασε ἐς τὴν ἀγορὴν τὸ ζεῦγος ὡς ἐκπεφευγὼς τοὺς ἐχθρούς, οἵ μιν ἐλαύνοντα ἐς ἀγρὸν ἠθέλησαν ἀπολέσαι δῆθεν, ἐδέετό τε τοῦ δήμου φυλακῆς τινος πρὸς αὐτοῦ κυρῆσαι, πρότερον εὐδοκιμήσας ἐν τῇ πρὸς Μεγαρέας γενομένῃ στρατηγίῃ, Νίσαιάν τε ἑλὼν καὶ ἄλλα ἀποδεξάμενος μεγάλα ἔργα. ὁ δὲ δῆμος ὁ τῶν Ἀθηναίων ἐξαπατηθεὶς ἔδωκέ οἱ τῶν ἀστῶν καταλέξας ἄνδρας τούτους οἳ δορυφόροι μὲν οὐκ ἐγένοντο Πεισιστράτου, κορυνηφόροι δέ· ξύλων γὰρ κορύνας ἔχοντες εἵποντό οἱ ὄπισθε. συνεπαναστάντες δὲ οὗτοι ἅμα Πεισιστράτῳ ἔσχον τὴν ἀκρόπολιν. ἔνθα δὴ ὁ Πεισίστρατος ἦρχε Ἀθηναίων, οὔτε τιμὰς τὰς ἐούσας συνταράξας οὔτε θέσμια μεταλλάξας, ἐπί τε τοῖσι κατεστεῶσι ἔνεμε τὴν πόλιν κοσμέων καλῶς τε καὶ εὖ. 1.60. μετὰ δὲ οὐ πολλὸν χρόνον τὠυτὸ φρονήσαντες οἵ τε τοῦ Μεγακλέος στασιῶται καὶ οἱ τοῦ Λυκούργου ἐξελαύνουσί μιν. οὕτω μὲν Πεισίστρατος ἔσχε τὸ πρῶτον Ἀθήνας, καὶ τὴν τυραννίδα οὔκω κάρτα ἐρριζωμένην ἔχων ἀπέβαλε. οἳ δὲ ἐξελάσαντες Πεισίστρατον αὖτις ἐκ νέης ἐπʼ ἀλλήλοισι ἐστασίασαν. περιελαυνόμενος δὲ τῇ στάσι ὁ Μεγακλέης ἐπεκηρυκεύετο Πεισιστράτῳ, εἰ βούλοιτό οἱ τὴν θυγατέρα ἔχειν γυναῖκα ἐπὶ τῇ τυραννίδι. ἐνδεξαμένου δὲ τὸν λόγον καὶ ὁμολογήσαντος ἐπὶ τούτοισι Πεισιστράτου, μηχανῶνται δὴ ἐπὶ τῇ κατόδῳ πρῆγμα εὐηθέστατον, ὡς ἐγὼ εὑρίσκω, μακρῷ, ἐπεί γε ἀπεκρίθη ἐκ παλαιτέρου τοῦ βαρβάρου ἔθνεος τὸ Ἑλληνικὸν ἐὸν καὶ δεξιώτερον καὶ εὐηθείης ἠλιθίου ἀπηλλαγμένον μᾶλλον, εἰ καὶ τότε γε οὗτοι ἐν Ἀθηναίοισι τοῖσι πρώτοισι λεγομένοισι εἶναι Ἑλλήνων σοφίην μηχανῶνται τοιάδε. ἐν τῷ δήμῳ τῷ Παιανιέι ἦν γυνὴ τῇ οὔνομα ἦν Φύη, μέγαθος ἀπὸ τεσσέρων πηχέων ἀπολείπουσα τρεῖς δακτύλους καὶ ἄλλως εὐειδής· ταύτην τὴν γυναῖκα σκευάσαντες πανοπλίῃ, ἐς ἅρμα ἐσβιβάσαντες καὶ προδέξαντες σχῆμα οἷόν τι ἔμελλε εὐπρεπέστατον φανέεσθαι ἔχουσα, ἤλαυνον ἐς τὸ ἄστυ, προδρόμους κήρυκας προπέμψαντες· οἳ τὰ ἐντεταλμένα ἠγόρευον ἀπικόμενοι ἐς τὸ ἄστυ, λέγοντες τοιάδε· “ὦ Ἀθηναῖοι, δέκεσθε ἀγαθῷ νόῳ Πεισίστρατον, τὸν αὐτὴ ἡ Ἀηθναίη τιμήσασα ἀνθρώπων μάλιστα κατάγει ἐς τὴν ἑωυτῆς ἀκρόπολιν.” οἳ μὲν δὴ ταῦτα διαφοιτέοντες ἔλεγον· αὐτίκα δὲ ἔς τε τοὺς δήμους φάτις ἀπίκετο ὡς Ἀθηναίη Πεισίστρατον κατάγει, καὶ οἱ ἐν τῷ ἄστεϊ πειθόμενοι τὴν γυναῖκα εἶναι αὐτὴν τὴν θεὸν προσεύχοντό τε τὴν ἄνθρωπον καὶ ἐδέκοντο Πεισίστρατον. 1.61. ἀπολαβὼν δὲ τὴν τυραννίδα τρόπῳ τῷ εἰρημένῳ ὁ Πεισίστρατος κατὰ τὴν ὁμολογίην τὴν πρὸς Μεγακλέα γενομένην γαμέει τοῦ Μεγακλέος τὴν θυγατέρα. οἷα δὲ παίδων τέ οἱ ὑπαρχόντων νεηνιέων καὶ λεγομένων ἐναγέων εἶναι τῶν Ἀλκμεωνιδέων, οὐ βουλόμενός οἱ γενέσθαι ἐκ τῆς νεογάμου γυναικὸς τέκνα ἐμίσγετό οἱ οὐ κατὰ νόμον. τὰ μέν νυν πρῶτα ἔκρυπτε ταῦτα ἡ γυνή, μετὰ δὲ εἴτε ἱστορεύσῃ εἴτε καὶ οὒ φράζει τῇ ἑωυτῆς μητρί, ἣ δὲ τῷ ἀνδρί. ὀργῇ δὲ ὡς εἶχε καταλλάσσετο τὴν ἔχθρην τοῖσι στασιώτῃσι. μαθὼν δὲ ὁ Πεισίστρατος τὰ ποιεύμενα ἐπʼ ἑωυτῷ ἀπαλλάσσετο ἐκ τῆς χώρης τὸ παράπαν, ἀπικόμενος δὲ ἐς Ἐρέτριαν ἐβουλεύετο ἅμα τοῖσι παισί. Ἱππίεω δὲ γνώμῃ νικήσαντος ἀνακτᾶσθαι ὀπίσω τὴν τυραννίδα, ἐνθαῦτα ἤγειρον δωτίνας ἐκ τῶν πολίων αἵτινές σφι προαιδέοντό κού τι. πολλῶν δὲ μεγάλα παρασχόντων χρήματα, Θηβαῖοι ὑπερεβάλοντο τῇ δόσι τῶν χρημάτων. μετὰ δέ, οὐ πολλῷ λόγῳ εἰπεῖν, χρόνος διέφυ καὶ πάντα σφι ἐξήρτυτο ἐς τὴν κάτοδον· καὶ γὰρ Ἀργεῖοι μισθωτοὶ ἀπίκοντο ἐκ Πελοποννήσου, καὶ Νάξιός σφι ἀνὴρ ἀπιγμένος ἐθελοντής, τῷ οὔνομα ἦν Λύγδαμις, προθυμίην πλείστην παρείχετο, κομίσας καὶ χρήματα καὶ ἄνδρας.' '1.62. ἐξ Ἐρετρίης δὲ ὁρμηθέντες διὰ ἑνδεκάτου ἔτεος ἀπίκοντο ὀπίσω, καὶ πρῶτον τῆς Ἀττικῆς ἴσχουσι Μαραθῶνα. ἐν δὲ τούτῳ τῷ χώρῳ σφι στρατοπεδευομένοισι οἵ τε ἐκ τοῦ ἄστεος στασιῶται ἀπίκοντο ἄλλοι τε ἐκ τῶν δήμων προσέρρεον, τοῖσι ἡ τυραννὶς πρὸ ἐλευθερίης ἦν ἀσπαστότερον. οὗτοι μὲν δὴ συνηλίζοντο, Ἀθηναίων δὲ οἱ ἐκ τοῦ ἄστεος, ἕως μὲν Πεισίστρατος τὰ χρήματα ἤγειρε, καὶ μεταῦτις ὡς ἔσχε Μαραθῶνα, λόγον οὐδένα εἶχον· ἐπείτε δὲ ἐπύθοντο ἐκ τοῦ Μαραθῶνος αὐτὸν πορεύεσθαι ἐπὶ τὸ ἄστυ, οὕτω δὴ βοηθέουσι ἐπʼ αὐτόν. καὶ οὗτοί τε πανστρατιῇ ἤισαν ἐπὶ τοὺς κατιόντας καὶ οἱ ἀμφὶ Πεισίστρατον, ὡς ὁρμηθέντες ἐκ Μαραθῶνος ἤισαν ἐπὶ τὸ ἄστυ, ἐς τὠυτὸ συνιόντες ἀπικνέονται ἐπὶ Παλληνίδος Ἀθηναίης ἱρόν, καὶ ἀντία ἔθεντο τὰ ὅπλα. ἐνθαῦτα θείῃ πομπῇ χρεώμενος παρίσταται Πεισιστράτῳ Ἀμφίλυτος ὁ Ἀκαρνὰν χρησμολόγος ἀνήρ, ὅς οἱ προσιὼν χρᾷ ἐν ἑξαμέτρῳ τόνῳ τάδε λέγων· ἔρριπται δʼ ὁ βόλος, τὸ δὲ δίκτυον ἐκπεπέτασται, θύννοι δʼ οἰμήσουσι σεληναίης διὰ νυκτός. 1.63. ὃ μὲν δή οἱ ἐνθεάζων χρᾷ τάδε, Πεισίστρατος δὲ συλλαβὼν τὸ χρηστήριον καὶ φὰς δέκεσθαι τὸ χρησθὲν ἐπῆγε τὴν στρατιήν. Ἀθηναῖοι δὲ οἱ ἐκ τοῦ ἄστεος πρὸς ἄριστον τετραμμένοι ἦσαν δὴ τηνικαῦτα, καὶ μετὰ τὸ ἄριστον μετεξέτεροι αὐτῶν οἳ μὲν πρὸς κύβους οἳ δὲ πρὸς ὕπνον. οἱ δὲ ἀμφὶ Πεισίστρατον ἐσπεσόντες τοὺς Ἀθηναίους τρέπουσι. φευγόντων δὲ τούτων βουλὴν ἐνθαῦτα σοφωτάτην Πεισίστρατος ἐπιτεχνᾶται, ὅκως μήτε ἁλισθεῖεν ἔτι οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι διεσκεδασμένοι τε εἶεν· ἀναβιβάσας τοὺς παῖδας ἐπὶ ἵππους προέπεμπε, οἳ δὲ καταλαμβάνοντες τοὺς φεύγοντας ἔλεγον τὰ ἐντεταλμένα ὑπὸ Πεισιστράτου, θαρσέειν τε κελεύοντες καὶ ἀπιέναι ἕκαστον ἐπὶ τὰ ἑωυτοῦ. 1.64. πειθομένων δὲ τῶν Ἀθηναίων, οὕτω δὴ Πεισίστρατος τὸ τρίτον σχὼν Ἀθήνας ἐρρίζωσε τὴν τυραννίδα ἐπικούροισί τε πολλοῖσι καὶ χρημάτων συνόδοισι, τῶν μὲν αὐτόθεν τῶν δὲ ἀπὸ Στρυμόνος ποταμοῦ συνιόντων, ὁμήρους τε τῶν παραμεινάντων Ἀθηναίων καὶ μὴ αὐτίκα φυγόντων παῖδας λαβὼν καὶ καταστήσας ἐς Νάξον ʽκαὶ γὰρ ταύτην ὁ Πεισίστρατος κατεστρέψατο πολέμῳ καὶ ἐπέτρεψε Λυγδάμἰ πρὸς τε ἔτι τούτοισι τὴν νῆσον Δῆλον καθήρας ἐκ τῶν λογίων καθήρας δὲ ὧδε· ἐπʼ ὅσον ἔποψις τοῦ ἱροῦ εἶχε, ἐκ τούτου τοῦ χώρου παντὸς ἐξορύξας τοὺς νεκροὺς μετεφόρεε ἐς ἄλλον χῶρον τῆς Δήλου. καὶ Πεισίστρατος μὲν ἐτυράννευε Ἀθηνέων, Ἀθηναίων δὲ οἳ μὲν ἐν τῇ μάχη ἐπεπτώκεσαν, οἳ δὲ αὐτῶν μετʼ Ἀλκμεωνιδέων ἔφευγον ἐκ τῆς οἰκηίης. 1.65. τοὺς μέν νυν Ἀθηναίους τοιαῦτα τὸν χρόνον τοῦτον ἐπυνθάνετο ὁ Κροῖσος κατέχοντα, τοὺς δὲ Λακεδαιμονίους ἐκ κακῶν τε μεγάλων πεφευγότας καὶ ἐόντας ἤδη τῷ πολέμῳ κατυπερτέρους Τεγεητέων. ἐπὶ γὰρ Λέοντος βασιλεύοντος καὶ Ἡγησικλέος ἐν Σπάρτῃ τοὺς ἄλλους πολέμους εὐτυχέοντες οἱ Λακεδαιμόνιοι πρὸς Τεγεήτας μούνους προσέπταιον. τὸ δὲ ἔτι πρότερον τούτων καί κακονομώτατοι ἦσαν σχεδὸν πάντων Ἑλλήνων κατά τε σφέας αὐτοὺς καὶ ξείνοισι ἀπρόσμικτοι· μετέβαλον δὲ ὧδε ἐς εὐνομίην. Λυκούργου τῶν Σπαρτιητέων δοκίμου ἀνδρὸς ἐλθόντος ἐς Δελφοὺς ἐπὶ τὸ χρηστήριον, ὡς ἐσήιε ἐς τὸ μέγαρον, εὐθὺς ἡ Πυθίη λέγει τάδε. ἥκεις ὦ Λυκόοργε ἐμὸν ποτὶ πίονα νηόν Ζηνὶ φίλος καὶ πᾶσιν Ὀλύμπια δώματʼ ἔχουσι. δίζω ἤ σε θεὸν μαντεύσομαι ἢ ἄνθρωπον. ἀλλʼ ἔτι καὶ μᾶλλον θεὸν ἔλπομαι, ὦ Λυκόοργε. οἳ μὲν δή τινες πρὸς τούτοισι λέγουσι καὶ φράσαι αὐτῷ τὴν Πυθίην τὸν νῦν κατεστεῶτα κόσμον Σπαρτιήτῃσι. ὡς δʼ αὐτοὶ Λακεδαιμόνιοι λέγουσι, Λυκοῦργον ἐπιτροπεύσαντα Λεωβώτεω, ἀδελφιδέου μὲν ἑωυτοῦ βασιλεύοντος δὲ Σπαρτιητέων, ἐκ Κρήτης ἀγαγέσθαι ταῦτα. ὡς γὰρ ἐπετρόπευσε τάχιστα, μετέστησε τὰ νόμιμα πάντα, καὶ ἐφύλαξε ταῦτα μὴ παραβαίνειν· μετὰ δὲ τὰ ἐς πόλεμον ἔχοντα, ἐνωμοτίας καὶ τριηκάδας καὶ συσσίτια, πρός τε τούτοισι τοὺς ἐφόρους καὶ γέροντας ἔστησε Λυκοῦργος. 1.66. οὕτω μὲν μεταβαλόντες εὐνομήθησαν, τῷ δὲ Λυκούργῳ τελευτήσαντι ἱρὸν εἱσάμενοι σέβονται μεγάλως. οἷα δὲ ἐν τε χώρῃ ἀγαθῇ καὶ πλήθεϊ οὐκ ὀλίγων ἀνδρῶν, ἀνά τε ἔδραμον αὐτίκα καὶ εὐθηνήθησαν, καὶ δή σφι οὐκέτι ἀπέχρα ἡσυχίην ἄγειν, ἀλλὰ καταφρονήσαντες Ἀρκάδων κρέσσονες εἶναι ἐχρηστηριάζοντο ἐν Δελφοῖσι ἐπὶ πάσῃ τῇ Ἀρκάδων χωρῇ. ἡ δὲ Πυθίη σφι χρᾷ τάδε. Ἀρκαδίην μʼ αἰτεῖς· μέγα μʼ αἰτεῖς· οὐ τοι δώσω. πολλοὶ ἐν Ἀρκαδίῃ βαλανηφάγοι ἄνδρες ἔασιν, οἵ σʼ ἀποκωλύσουσιν. ἐγὼ δὲ τοι οὔτι μεγαίρω· δώσω τοί Τεγέην ποσσίκροτον ὀρχήσασθαι καὶ καλὸν πεδίον σχοίνῳ διαμετρήσασθαι. ταῦτα ὡς ἀπενειχθέντα ἤκουσαν οἱ Λακεδαιμόνιοι,Ἀρκάδων μὲν τῶν ἄλλων ἀπείχοντο, οἳ δὲ πέδας φερόμενοι ἐπὶ Τεγεήτας ἐστρατεύοντο, χρησμῷ κιβδήλῳ πίσυνοι, ὡς δὴ ἐξανδραποδιούμενοι τοὺς Τεγεήτας. ἑσσωθέντες δὲ τῇ συμβολῇ, ὅσοι αὐτῶν ἐζωγρήθησαν, πέδας τε ἔχοντες τὰς ἐφέροντο αὐτοὶ καὶ σχοίνῳ διαμετρησάμενοι τὸ πεδίον τὸ Τεγεητέων ἐργάζοντο. αἱ δὲ πέδαι αὗται ἐν τῇσι ἐδεδέατο ἔτι καὶ ἐς ἐμὲ ἦσαν σόαι ἐν Τεγέῃ περὶ τὸν νηὸν τῆς Ἀλέης Ἀθηναίης κρεμάμεναι. 1.67. κατὰ μὲν δὴ τὸν πρότερον πόλεμον συνεχέως αἰεὶ κακῶς ἀέθλεον πρὸς τοὺς Τεγεήτας, κατὰ δὲ τὸν κατὰ Κροῖσον χρόνον καὶ τὴν Ἀναξανδρίδεώ τε καὶ Ἀρίστωνος βασιληίην ἐν Λακεδαίμονι ἤδη οἱ Σπαρτιῆται κατυπέρτεροι τῷ πολέμῳ ἐγεγόνεσαν, τρόπῳ τοιῷδε γενόμενοι. ἐπειδὴ αἰεὶ τῷ πολέμῳ ἑσσοῦντο ὑπὸ Τεγεητέων, πέμψαντες θεοπρόπους ἐς Δελφοὺς ἐπειρώτων τίνα ἂν θεῶν ἱλασάμενοι κατύπερθε τῷ πολέμῳ Τεγεητέων γενοίατο. ἡ δὲ Πυθίη σφι ἔχρησε τὰ Ὀρέστεω τοῦ Ἀγαμέμνονος ὀστέα ἐπαγαγομένους. ὡς δὲ ἀνευρεῖν οὐκ οἷοί τε ἐγίνοντο τὴν θήκην τοῦ Ὀρέστεω ἔπεμπον αὖτις τὴν ἐς θεὸν ἐπειρησομένους τὸν χῶρον ἐν τῷ κέοιτο Ὀρέστης. εἰρωτῶσι δὲ ταῦτα τοῖσι θεοπρόποισι λέγει ἡ Πυθίη τάδε. ἔστι τις Ἀρκαδίης Τεγέη λευρῷ ἐνὶ χώρῳ, ἔνθʼ ἄνεμοι πνείουσι δύω κρατερῆς ὑπʼ ἀνάγκης, καὶ τύπος ἀντίτυπος, καὶ πῆμʼ ἐπὶ πήματι κεῖται. ἔνθʼ Ἀγαμεμνονίδην κατέχει φυσίζοος αἶα, τὸν σὺ κομισσάμενος Τεγέης ἐπιτάρροθος ἔσσῃ. ὡς δὲ καὶ ταῦτα ἤκουσαν οἱ Λακεδαιμόνιοι, ἀπεῖχον τῆς ἐξευρέσιος οὐδὲν ἔλασσον, πάντα διζήμενοι, ἐς οὗ δὴ Λίχης τῶν ἀγαθοεργῶν καλεομένων Σπαρτιητέων ἀνεῦρε, οἱ δὲ ἀγαθοεργοὶ εἰσὶ τῶν ἀστῶν, ἐξιόντες ἐκ τῶν ἱππέων αἰεὶ οἱ πρεσβύτατοι, πέντε ἔτεος ἑκάστου· τοὺς δεῖ τοῦτὸν τὸν ἐνιαυτόν, τὸν ἂν ἐξίωσι ἐκ τῶν ἱππέων, Σπαρτιητέων τῷ κοινῷ διαπεμπομένους μὴ ἐλινύειν ἄλλους ἄλλῃ. 1.68. τούτων ὦν τῶν ἀνδρῶν Λίχης ἀνεῦρε ἐν Τεγέῃ καὶ συντυχίῃ χρησάμενος καὶ σοφίῃ. ἐούσης γὰρ τοῦτον τὸν χρόνον ἐπιμιξίης πρὸς τοὺς Τεγεήτας, ἐλθὼν ἐς χαλκήιον ἐθηεῖτο σίδηρον ἐξελαυνόμενον, καὶ ἐν θώματι ἦν ὀρέων τὸ ποιεόμενον. μαθὼν, δέ μιν ὁ χαλκεὺς ἀποθωμάζοντα εἶπε παυσάμενος τοῦ ἔργου “ἦ κου ἄν, ὦ ξεῖνε Λάκων εἴ περ εἶδες τό περ ἐγώ, κάρτα ἂν ἐθώμαζες, ὅκου νῦν οὕτω τυγχάνεις θῶμα ποιεύμενος τὴν ἐργασίην τοῦ σιδήρου. ἐγὼ γὰρ ἐν τῇδε θέλων τῇ αὐλῇ φρέαρ ποιήσασθαι, ὀρύσσων ἐπέτυχον σορῷ ἑπταπήχεϊ· ὑπὸ δὲ ἀπιστίης μὴ μὲν γενέσθαι μηδαμὰ μέζονας ἀνθρώπους τῶν νῦν ἄνοιξα αὐτὴν καὶ εἶδον τὸν νεκρὸν μήκεϊ ἴσον ἐόντα τῇ σορῷ· μετρήσας δὲ συνέχωσα ὀπίσω.” ὃ μὲν δή οἱ ἔλεγε τά περ ὀπώπεε, ὁ δὲ ἐννώσας τὰ λεγόμενα συνεβάλλετο τὸν Ὀρέστεα κατὰ τὸ θεοπρόπιον τοῦτον εἶναι, τῇδε συμβαλλόμενος· τοῦ χαλκέος δύο ὁρέων φύσας τοὺς ἀνέμους εὕρισκε ἐόντας, τὸν δὲ ἄκμονα καὶ τὴν σφῦραν τόν τε τύπον καὶ τὸν ἀντίτυπον, τὸν δὲ ἐξελαυνόμενον σίδηρον τὸ πῆμα ἐπὶ πήματι κείμενον, κατὰ τοιόνδε τι εἰκάζων, ὡς ἐπὶ κακῷ ἀνθρώπου σίδηρος ἀνεύρηται. συμβαλόμενος δὲ ταῦτα καὶ ἀπελθὼν ἐς Σπάρτην ἔφραζε Λακεδαιμονίοσσι πᾶν τὸ πρῆγμα. οἳ δὲ ἐκ λόγου πλαστοῦ ἐπενείκαντὲς οἱ αἰτίην ἐδίωξαν. ὁ δὲ ἀπικόμενος ἐς Τεγέην καὶ φράζων τὴν ἑωυτοῦ συμφορὴν πρὸς τὸν χαλκέα ἐμισθοῦτο παρʼ οὐκ ἐκδιδόντος τὴν αὐλήν· χρόνῳ δὲ ὡς ἀνέγνωσε, ἐνοικίσθη, ἀνορύξας δὲ τὸν τάφον καὶ τὰ ὀστέα συλλέξας οἴχετο φέρων ἐς Σπάρτην. καὶ ἀπὸ τούτου τοῦ χρόνου, ὅκως πειρῴατο ἀλλήλων, πολλῷ κατυπέρτεροι τῷ πολέμῳ ἐγίνοντο οἱ Λακεδαιμόνιοι· ἤδη δέ σφι καὶ ἡ πολλὴ τῆς Πελοποννήσου ἦν κατεστραμμένη.
1.71. Κροῖσος δὲ ἁμαρτὼν τοῦ χρησμοῦ ἐποιέετο στρατηίην ἐς Καππαδοκίην, ἐλπίσας καταιρήσειν Κῦρόν τε καὶ τὴν Περσέων δύναμιν. παρασκευαζομένου δὲ Κροίσου στρατεύεσθαι ἐπὶ Πέρσας, τῶν τις Λυδῶν νομιζόμενος καὶ πρόσθε εἶναι σοφός, ἀπὸ δὲ ταύτης τῆς γνώμης καὶ τὸ κάρτα οὔνομα ἐν Λυδοῖσι ἔχων, συνεβούλευσε Κροίσῳ τάδε· οὔνομά οἱ ἦν Σάνδανις. “ὦ βασιλεῦ, ἐπʼ ἄνδρας τοιούτους στρατεύεσθαι παρασκευάζεαι, οἳ σκυτίνας μὲν ἀναξυρίδας σκυτίνην δὲ τὴν ἄλλην ἐσθῆτα φορέουσι, σιτέονται δὲ οὐκ ὅσα ἐθέλουσι ἀλλʼ ὅσα ἔχουσι, χώρην ἔχοντες τρηχέαν. πρὸς δὲ οὐκ οἴνῳ διαχρέωνται ἀλλὰ ὑδροποτέουσι, οὐ σῦκα δὲ ἔχουσι τρώγειν, οὐκ ἄλλο ἀγαθὸν οὐδέν. τοῦτο μὲν δή, εἰ νικήσεις, τί σφέας ἀπαιρήσεαι, τοῖσί γε μὴ ἔστι μηδέν; τοῦτο δέ, ἢν νικηθῇς, μάθε ὅσα ἀγαθὰ ἀποβαλέεις· γευσάμενοι γὰρ τῶν ἡμετέρων ἀγαθῶν περιέξονται οὐδὲ ἀπωστοὶ ἔσονται. ἐγὼ μέν νυν θεοῖσι ἔχω χάριν, οἳ οὐκ ἐπὶ νόον ποιέουσι Πέρσῃσι στρατεύεσθαι ἐπὶ Λυδούς.” ταῦτα λέγων οὐκ ἔπειθε τὸν Κροῖσον. Πέρσῃσι γάρ, πρὶν Λυδοὺς καταστρέψασθαι, ἦν οὔτε ἁβρὸν οὔτε ἀγαθὸν οὐδέν.
1.91. ἀπικομένοισι δὲ τοῖσι Λυδοῖσι καὶ λέγουσι τὰ ἐντεταλμένα τὴν Πυθίην λέγεται εἰπεῖν τάδε. “τὴν πεπρωμένην μοῖραν ἀδύνατα ἐστὶ ἀποφυγεῖν καὶ θεῷ· Κροῖσος δὲ πέμπτου γονέος ἁμαρτάδα ἐξέπλησε, ὃς ἐὼν δορυφόρος Ἡρακλειδέων, δόλῳ γυναικηίῳ ἐπισπόμενος ἐφόνευσε τὸν δεσπότεα καὶ ἔσχε τὴν ἐκείνου τιμὴν οὐδέν οἱ προσήκουσαν. προθυμεομένου δὲ Λοξίεω ὅκως ἂν κατὰ τοὺς παῖδας τοῦ Κροίσου γένοιτο τὸ Σαρδίων πάθος καὶ μὴ κατʼ αὐτὸν Κροῖσον, οὐκ οἷόν τε ἐγίνετο παραγαγεῖν μοίρας. ὅσον δὲ ἐνέδωκαν αὗται, ἤνυσέ τε καὶ ἐχαρίσατό οἱ· τρία γὰρ ἔτεα ἐπανεβάλετο τὴν Σαρδίων ἅλωσιν, καὶ τοῦτο ἐπιστάσθω Κροῖσος ὡς ὕστερον τοῖσι ἔτεσι τούτοισι ἁλοὺς τῆς πεπρωμένης. δευτέρα δὲ τούτων καιομένῳ αὐτῷ ἐπήρκεσε. κατὰ δὲ τὸ μαντήιον τὸ γενόμενον οὐκ ὀρθῶς Κροῖσος μέμφεται. προηγόρευε γὰρ οἱ Λοξίης, ἢν στρατεύηται ἐπὶ Πέρσας, μεγάλην ἀρχὴν αὐτὸν καταλύσειν. τὸν δὲ πρὸς ταῦτα χρῆν εὖ μέλλοντα βουλεύεσθαι ἐπειρέσθαι πέμψαντα κότερα τὴν ἑωυτοῦ ἢ τὴν Κύρου λέγοι ἀρχήν. οὐ συλλαβὼν δὲ τὸ ῥηθὲν οὐδʼ ἐπανειρόμενος ἑωυτὸν αἴτιον ἀποφαινέτω· τῷ καὶ τὸ τελευταῖον χρηστηριαζομένῳ εἶπε Λοξίης περὶ ἡμιόνου, οὐδὲ τοῦτο συνέλαβε. ἦν γὰρ δὴ ὁ Κῦρος οὗτος ἡμίονος· ἐκ γὰρ δυῶν οὐκ ὁμοεθνέων ἐγεγόνεε, μητρὸς ἀμείνονος, πατρὸς δὲ ὑποδεεστέρου· ἣ μὲν γὰρ ἦν Μηδὶς καὶ Ἀστυάγεος θυγάτηρ τοῦ Μήδων βασιλέος, ὁ δὲ Πέρσης τε ἦν καὶ ἀρχόμενος ὑπʼ ἐκείνοισι καὶ ἔνερθε ἐὼν τοῖσι ἅπασι δεσποίνῃ τῇ ἑωυτοῦ συνοίκεε.” ταῦτα μὲν ἡ Πυθίη ὑπεκρίνατο τοῖσι Λυδοῖσι, οἳ δὲ ἀνήνεικαν ἐς Σάρδις καὶ ἀπήγγειλαν Κροίσῳ. ὁ δὲ ἀκούσας συνέγνω ἑωυτοῦ εἶναι τὴν ἁμαρτάδα καὶ οὐ τοῦ θεοῦ. κατὰ μὲν δὴ τὴν Κροίσου τε ἀρχὴν καὶ Ἰωνίης τὴν πρώτην καταστροφὴν ἔσχε οὕτω.
1.105. ἐνθεῦτεν δὲ ἤισαν ἐπʼ Αἴγυπτον. καὶ ἐπείτε ἐγένοντο ἐν τῇ Παλαιστίνῃ Συρίῃ, Ψαμμήτιχος σφέας Αἰγύπτου βασιλεὺς ἀντιάσας δώροισί τε καὶ λιτῇσι ἀποτράπει τὸ προσωτέρω μὴ πορεύεσθαι. οἳ δὲ ἐπείτε ἀναχωρέοντες ὀπίσω ἐγένοντο τῆς Συρίης ἐν Ἀσκάλωνι πόλι, τῶν πλεόνων Σκυθέων παρεξελθόντων ἀσινέων, ὀλίγοι τινὲς αὐτῶν ὑπολειφθέντες ἐσύλησαν τῆς οὐρανίης Ἀφροδίτης τὸ ἱρόν. ἔστι δὲ τοῦτο τὸ ἱρόν, ὡς ἐγὼ πυνθανόμενος εὑρίσκω, πάντων ἀρχαιότατον ἱρῶν ὅσα ταύτης τῆς θεοῦ· καὶ γὰρ τὸ ἐν Κύπρῳ ἱρὸν ἐνθεῦτεν ἐγένετο, ὡς αὐτοὶ Κύπριοι λέγουσι, καὶ τὸ ἐν Κυθήροισι Φοίνικές εἰσὶ οἱ ἱδρυσάμενοι ἐκ ταύτης τῆς Συρίης ἐόντες. τοῖσι δὲ τῶν Σκυθέων συλήσασι τὸ ἱρὸν τὸ ἐν Ἀσκάλωνι καὶ τοῖσι τούτων αἰεὶ ἐκγόνοισι ἐνέσκηψε ὁ θεὸς θήλεαν νοῦσον· ὥστε ἅμα λέγουσί τε οἱ Σκύθαι διὰ τοῦτο σφέας νοσέειν, καὶ ὁρᾶν παρʼ ἑωυτοῖσι τοὺς ἀπικνεομένους ἐς τὴν Σκυθικὴν χώρην ὡς διακέαται τοὺς καλέουσι Ἐνάρεας οἱ Σκύθαι.
1.131. Πέρσας δὲ οἶδα νόμοισι τοιοῖσιδε χρεωμένους, ἀγάλματα μὲν καὶ νηοὺς καὶ βωμοὺς οὐκ ἐν νόμῳ ποιευμένους ἱδρύεσθαι, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοῖσι ποιεῦσι μωρίην ἐπιφέρουσι, ὡς μὲν ἐμοὶ δοκέειν, ὅτι οὐκ ἀνθρωποφυέας ἐνόμισαν τοὺς θεοὺς κατά περ οἱ Ἕλληνες εἶναι· οἳ δὲ νομίζουσι Διὶ μὲν ἐπὶ τὰ ὑψηλότατα τῶν ὀρέων ἀναβαίνοντες θυσίας ἔρδειν, τὸν κύκλον πάντα τοῦ οὐρανοῦ Δία καλέοντες· θύουσι δὲ ἡλίῳ τε καὶ σελήνῃ καὶ γῇ καὶ πυρὶ καὶ ὕδατι καὶ ἀνέμοισι. τούτοισι μὲν δὴ θύουσι μούνοισι ἀρχῆθεν, ἐπιμεμαθήκασι δὲ καὶ τῇ Οὐρανίῃ θύειν, παρά τε Ἀσσυρίων μαθόντες καὶ Ἀραβίων. καλέουσι δὲ Ἀσσύριοι τὴν Ἀφροδίτην Μύλιττα, Ἀράβιοι δὲ Ἀλιλάτ, Πέρσαι δὲ Μίτραν.
1.132. θυσίη δὲ τοῖσι Πέρσῃσι περὶ τοὺς εἰρημένους θεοὺς ἥδε κατέστηκε· οὔτε βωμοὺς ποιεῦνται οὔτε πῦρ ἀνακαίουσι μέλλοντες θύειν, οὐ σπονδῇ χρέωνται, οὐκὶ αὐλῷ, οὐ στέμμασι, οὐκὶ οὐλῇσι· τῶν δὲ ὡς ἑκάστῳ θύειν θέλῃ, ἐς χῶρον καθαρὸν ἀγαγὼν τὸ κτῆνος καλέει τὸν θεόν, ἐστεφανωμένος τὸν τιάραν μυρσίνῃ μάλιστα. ἑωυτῷ μὲν δὴ τῷ θύοντι ἰδίῃ μούνῳ οὔ οἱ ἐγγίνεται ἀρᾶσθαι ἀγαθά, ὁ δὲ τοῖσι πᾶσι Πέρσῃσι κατεύχεται εὖ γίνεσθαι καὶ τῷ βασιλέι· ἐν γὰρ δὴ τοῖσι ἅπασι Πέρσῃσι καὶ αὐτὸς γίνεται. ἐπεὰν δὲ διαμιστύλας κατὰ μέλεα τὸ ἱρήιον ἑψήσῃ τὰ κρέα ὑποπάσας ποίην ὡς ἁπαλωτάτην, μάλιστα δὲ τὸ τρίφυλλον, ἐπὶ ταύτης ἔθηκε ὦν πάντα τὰ κρέα. διαθέντος δὲ αὐτοῦ Μάγος ἀνὴρ παρεστεὼς ἐπαείδει θεογονίην, οἵην δὴ ἐκεῖνοι λέγουσι εἶναι τὴν ἐπαοιδήν· ἄνευ γὰρ δὴ Μάγου οὔ σφι νόμος ἐστὶ θυσίας ποιέεσθαι. ἐπισχὼν δὲ ὀλίγον χρόνον ἀποφέρεται ὁ θύσας τὰ κρέα καὶ χρᾶται ὅ τι μιν λόγος αἱρέει.
1.143. τούτων δὴ ὦν τῶν Ἰώνων οἱ Μιλήσιοι μὲν ἦσαν ἐν σκέπῃ τοῦ φόβου, ὅρκιον ποιησάμενοι, τοῖσι δὲ αὐτῶν νησιώτῃσι ἦν δεινὸν οὐδέν· οὔτε γὰρ Φοίνικες ἦσαν κω Περσέων κατήκοοι οὔτε αὐτοὶ οἱ Πέρσαι ναυβάται. ἀπεσχίσθησαν δὲ ἀπὸ τῶν ἄλλων Ἰώνων οὗτοι κατʼ ἄλλο μὲν οὐδέν, ἀσθενέος δὲ ἐόντος τοῦ παντὸς τότε Ἑλληνικοῦ γένεος, πολλῷ δὴ ἦν ἀσθενέστατον τῶν ἐθνέων τὸ Ἰωνικὸν καὶ λόγου ἐλαχίστου· ὅτι γὰρ μὴ Ἀθῆναι, ἦν οὐδὲν ἄλλο πόλισμα λόγιμον. οἱ μέν νυν ἄλλοι Ἴωνες καὶ οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι ἔφυγον τὸ οὔνομα, οὐ βουλόμενοι Ἴωνες κεκλῆσθαι, ἀλλὰ καὶ νῦν φαίνονταί μοι οἱ πολλοὶ αὐτῶν ἐπαισχύνεσθαι τῷ οὐνόματι· αἱ δὲ δυώδεκα πόλιες αὗται τῷ τε οὐνόματι ἠγάλλοντο καὶ ἱρὸν ἱδρύσαντο ἐπὶ σφέων αὐτέων, τῷ οὔνομα ἔθεντο Πανιώνιον, ἐβουλεύσαντο δὲ αὐτοῦ μεταδοῦναι μηδαμοῖσι ἄλλοισι Ἰώνων ʽοὐδʼ ἐδεήθησαν δὲ οὐδαμοὶ μετασχεῖν ὅτι μὴ Σμυρναῖοἰ·
1.144. κατά περ οἱ ἐκ τῆς πενταπόλιος νῦν χώρης Δωριέες, πρότερον δὲ ἑξαπόλιος τῆς αὐτῆς ταύτης καλεομένης, φυλάσσονται ὦν μηδαμοὺς ἐσδέξασθαι τῶν προσοίκων Δωριέων ἐς τὸ Τριοπικὸν ἱρόν, ἀλλὰ καὶ σφέων αὐτῶν τοὺς περὶ τὸ ἱρόν ἀνομήσαντας ἐξεκλήισαν τῆς μετοχῆς, ἐν γὰρ τῷ ἀγῶνι τοῦ Τριοπίου Ἀπόλλωνος ἐτίθεσαν τὸ πάλαι τρίποδας χαλκέους τοῖσι νικῶσι, καὶ τούτους χρῆν τοὺς λαμβάνοντας ἐκ τοῦ ἱροῦ μὴ ἐκφέρειν ἀλλʼ αὐτοῦ ἀνατιθέναι τῷ θεῷ. ἀνὴρ ὦν Ἁλικαρνησσεύς, τῷ οὔνομα ἦν Ἀγασικλέης, νικήσας τὸν νόμον κατηλόγησε, φέρων δὲ πρὸς τὰ ἑωυτοῦ οἰκία προσεπασσάλευσε τὸν τρίποδα. διὰ ταύτην τὴν αἰτίην αἱ πέντε πόλιες, Λίνδος καὶ Ἰήλυσός τε καὶ Κάμειρος καὶ Κῶς τε καὶ Κνίδος ἐξεκλήισαν τῆς μετοχῆς τὴν ἕκτην πόλιν Ἁλικαρνησσόν. τούτοισι μέν νυν οὗτοι ταύτην τὴν ζημίην ἐπέθηκαν.
1.145. δυώδεκα δὲ μοι δοκέουσι πόλιας ποιήσασθαι οἱ Ἴωνες καὶ οὐκ ἐθελῆσαι πλεῦνας ἐσδέξασθαι τοῦδε εἵνεκα, ὅτι καὶ ὅτε ἐν Πελοποννήσῳ οἴκεον, δυώδεκα ἦν αὐτῶν μέρεα, κατά περ νῦν Ἀχαιῶν τῶν ἐξελασάντων Ἴωνας δυώδεκα ἐστὶ μέρεα, Πελλήνη μέν γε πρώτη πρὸς Σικυῶνος, μετὰ δὲ Αἴγειρα καὶ Αἰγαί, ἐν τῇ Κρᾶθις ποταμὸς ἀείναος ἐστί, ἀπʼ ὅτευ ὁ ἐν Ἰταλίῃ ποταμὸς τὸ οὔνομα ἔσχε, καὶ Βοῦρα καὶ Ἑλίκη, ἐς τὴν κατέφυγον Ἴωνες ὑπὸ Ἀχαιῶν μάχῃ ἑσσωθέντες, καὶ Αἴγίον καὶ Ῥύπες καὶ Πατρέες καὶ Φαρέες καὶ Ὤλενος, ἐν τῷ Πεῖρος ποταμὸς μέγας ἐστί, καὶ Δύμη καὶ Τριταιέες, οἳ μοῦνοι τούτων μεσόγαιοι οἰκέουσι. ταῦτα δυώδεκα μέρεα νῦν Ἀχαιῶν ἐστὶ καὶ τότε γε Ἰώνων ἦν.
1.146. τούτων δὴ εἵνεκα καὶ οἱ Ἴωνες δυώδεκα πόλιας ἐποιήσαντο· ἐπεὶ ὥς γέ τι μᾶλλον οὗτοι Ἴωνες εἰσὶ τῶν ἄλλων Ἰώνων ἢ κάλλιόν τι γεγόνασι, μωρίη πολλὴ λέγειν· τῶν Ἄβαντες μὲν ἐξ Εὐβοίες εἰσὶ οὐκ ἐλαχίστη μοῖρα, τοῖσι Ἰωνίης μέτα οὐδὲ τοῦ οὐνόματος οὐδέν, Μινύαι δὲ Ὀρχομένιοί σφι ἀναμεμίχαται καὶ Καδμεῖοι καὶ Δρύοπες καὶ Φωκέες ἀποδάσμιοι καὶ Μολοσσοὶ καὶ Ἀρκάδες Πελασγοὶ καὶ Δωριέες Ἐπιδαύριοι, ἄλλα τε ἔθνεα πολλὰ ἀναμεμίχαται· οἱ δὲ αὐτῶν ἀπὸ τοῦ πρυτανηίου τοῦ Ἀθηναίων ὁρμηθέντες καὶ νομίζοντες γενναιότατοι εἶναι Ἰώνων, οὗτοι δὲ οὐ γυναῖκας ἠγάγοντο ἐς τὴν ἀποικίην ἀλλὰ Καείρας ἔσχον, τῶν ἐφόνευσαν τοὺς γονέας. διὰ τοῦτὸν δὲ τὸν φόνον αἱ γυναῖκες αὗται νόμον θέμεναι σφίσι αὐτῇσι ὅρκους ἐπήλασαν καὶ παρέδοσαν τῇσι θυγατράσι, μή κοτε ὁμοσιτῆσαι τοῖσι ἀνδράσι μηδὲ οὐνόματι βῶσαι τὸν ἑωυτῆς ἄνδρα, τοῦδε εἵνεκα ὅτι ἐφόνευσαν σφέων τοὺς πατέρας καὶ ἄνδρας καὶ παῖδας καὶ ἔπειτα ταῦτα ποιήσαντες αὐτῇσι συνοίκεον.
1.147. ταῦτα δὲ ἦν γινόμενα ἐν Μιλήτῳ. βασιλέας δὲ ἐστήσαντο οἳ μὲν αὐτῶν Λυκίους ἀπὸ Γλαύκου τοῦ Ἱππολόχου γεγονότας, οἳ δὲ Καύκωνας Πυλίους ἀπὸ Κόδρου τοῦ Μελάνθου, οἳ δὲ καὶ συναμφοτέρους. ἀλλὰ γὰρ περιέχονται τοῦ οὐνόματος μᾶλλόν τι τῶν ἄλλων Ἰώνων, ἔστωσαν δὴ καὶ οἱ καθαρῶς γεγονότες Ἴωνες. εἰσὶ δὲ πάντες Ἴωνες ὅσοι ἀπʼ Ἀθηνέων γεγόνασι καὶ Ἀπατούρια ἄγουσι ὁρτήν. ἄγουσι δὲ πάντες πλὴν Ἐφεσίων καὶ Κολοφωνίων· οὗτοι γὰρ μοῦνοι Ἰώνων οὐκ ἄγουσι Ἀπατούρια, καὶ οὗτοι κατὰ φόνου τινὰ σκῆψιν.
1.148. τὸ δὲ Πανιώνιον ἐστὶ τῆς Μυκάλης χῶρος ἱρὸς πρὸς ἄρκτον τετραμμένος, κοινῇ ἐξαραιρημένος ὑπὸ Ἰώνων Ποσειδέωνι Ἑλικωνίῳ. ἡ δὲ Μυκάλη ἐστὶ τῆς ἠπείρου ἄκρη πρὸς ζέφυρον ἄνεμον κατήκουσα Σάμῳ καταντίον, ἐς τὴν συλλεγόμενοι ἀπὸ τῶν πολίων Ἴωνες ἄγεσκον ὁρτὴν τῇ ἔθεντο οὔνομα Πανιώνια. πεπόνθασι δὲ οὔτι μοῦναι αἱ Ἰώνων ὁρταὶ τοῦτο, ἀλλὰ καὶ Ἑλλήνων πάντων ὁμοίως πᾶσαι ἐς τὠυτὸ γράμμα τελευτῶσι, κατά περ τῶν Περσέων τὰ οὐνόματα. 1
1.149. αὗται μὲν αἱ Ἰάδες πόλιες εἰσί, αἵδε δὲ αἱ Αἰολίδες, Κύμη ἡ Φρικωνὶς καλεομένη, Λήρισαι, Νέον τεῖχος, Τῆμνος, Κίλλα, Νότιον, Αἰγιρόεσσα, Πιτάνη, Αἰγαῖαι, Μύρινα, Γρύνεια. αὗται ἕνδεκα Αἰολέων πόλιες αἱ ἀρχαῖαι· μία γὰρ σφέων παρελύθη Σμύρνη ὑπὸ Ἰώνων· ἦσαν γὰρ καὶ αὗται δυώδεκα αἱ ἐν τῆ ἠπείρῳ. οὗτοι δὲ οἱ Αἰολέες χώρην μὲν ἔτυχον κτίσαντες ἀμείνω Ἰώνων, ὡρέων δὲ ἥκουσαν οὐκ ὁμοίως.
1.159. ἀπικομένων δὲ ἐς Βραγχίδας ἐχρηστηριάζετο ἐκ πάντων Ἀριστόδικος ἐπειρωτῶν τάδε. “ὦναξ, ἦλθε παρʼ ἡμέας ἱκέτης Πακτύης ὁ Λυδός, φεύγων θάνατον βίαιον πρὸς Περσέων· οἳ δέ μιν ἐξαιτέονται, προεῖναι Κυμαίους κελεύοντες. ἡμεῖς δὲ δειμαίνοντες τὴν Περσέων δύναμιν τὸν ἱκέτην ἐς τόδε οὐ τετολμήκαμεν ἐκδιδόναι, πρὶν ἂν τὸ ἀπὸ σεῦ ἡμῖν δηλωθῇ ἀτρεκέως ὁκότερα ποιέωμεν.” ὃ μὲν ταῦτα ἐπειρώτα, ὃ δʼ αὖτις τὸν αὐτόν σφι χρησμὸν ἔφαινε, κελεύων ἐκδιδόναι Πακτύην Πέρσῃσι. πρὸς ταῦτα ὁ Ἀριστόδικος ἐκ προνοίης ἐποίεε τάδε· περιιὼν τὸν νηὸν κύκλῳ ἐξαίρεε τοὺς στρουθοὺς καὶ ἄλλα ὅσα ἦν νενοσσευμένα ὀρνίθων γένεα ἐν τῷ νηῷ. ποιέοντος δὲ αὐτοῦ ταῦτα λέγεται φωνὴν ἐκ τοῦ ἀδύτου γενέσθαι φέρουσαν μὲν πρὸς τὸν Ἀριστόδικον, λέγουσαν δὲ τάδε “ἀνοσιώτατε ἀνθρώπων, τί τάδε τολμᾷς ποιέειν; τοὺς ἱκέτας μου ἐκ τοῦ νηοῦ κεραΐζεις;” Ἀριστόδικον δὲ οὐκ ἀπορήσαντα πρὸς ταῦτα εἰπεῖν “ὦναξ, αὐτὸς μὲν οὕτω τοῖσι ἱκέτῃσι βοηθέεις, Κυμαίους δὲ κελεύεις τὸν ἱκέτην ἐκδιδόναι;” τὸν δὲ αὖτις ἀμείψασθαι τοῖσιδε “ναὶ κελεύω, ἵνα γε ἀσεβήσαντες θᾶσσον ἀπόλησθε, ὡς μὴ τὸ λοιπὸν περὶ ἱκετέων ἐκδόσιος ἔλθητε ἐπὶ τὸ χρηστήριον.”
1.160. ταῦτα ὡς ἀπενειχθέντα ἤκουσαν οἱ Κυμαῖοι, οὐ βουλόμενοι οὔτε ἐκδόντες ἀπολέσθαι οὔτε παρʼ ἑωυτοῖσι ἔχοντες πολιορκέεσθαι, ἐκπέμπουσι αὐτὸν ἐς Μυτιλήνην. οἱ δὲ Μυτιληναῖοι ἐπιπέμποντος τοῦ Μαζάρεος ἀγγελίας ἐκδιδόναι τὸν Πακτύην παρεσκευάζοντο ἐπὶ μισθῷ ὅσῳ δή· οὐ γὰρ ἔχω τοῦτό γε εἰπεῖν ἀτρεκέως· οὐ γὰρ ἐτελεώθη. Κυμαῖοι γὰρ ὡς ἔμαθον ταῦτα πρησσόμενα ἐκ τῶν Μυτιληναίων, πέμψαντες πλοῖον ἐς Λέσβον ἐκκομίζουσι Πακτύην ἐς Χίον. ἐνθεῦτεν δὲ ἐξ ἱροῦ Ἀθηναίης πολιούχου ἀποσπασθεὶς ὑπὸ Χίων ἐξεδόθη· ἐξέδοσαν δὲ οἱ Χῖοι ἐπὶ τῷ Ἀταρνέι μισθῷ· τοῦ δὲ Ἀταρνέος τούτου ἐστὶ χῶρος τῆς Μυσίης, Λέσβου ἀντίος. Πακτύην μέν νυν παραδεξάμενοι οἱ Πέρσαι εἶχον ἐν φυλακῇ, θέλοντες Κύρῳ ἀποδέξαι. ἦν δὲ χρόνος οὗτος οὐκ ὀλίγος γινόμενος, ὅτε Χίων οὐδεὶς ἐκ τοῦ Ἀταρνέος τούτου οὔτε οὐλὰς κριθέων πρόχυσιν ἐποιέετο θεῶν οὐδενὶ οὔτε πέμματα ἐπέσσετο καρποῦ τοῦ ἐνθεῦτεν, ἀπείχετο τε τῶν πάντων ἱρῶν τὰ πάντα ἐκ τῆς χώρης ταύτης γινόμενα.
1.168. Φωκαίης μέν νυν πέρι τῆς ἐν Ἰωνίῃ οὕτω ἔσχε παραπλήσια δὲ τούτοισι καὶ Τήιοι ἐποίησαν. ἐπείτε γὰρ σφέων εἷλε χώματι τὸ τεῖχος Ἅρπαγος, ἐσβάντες πάντες ἐς τὰ πλοῖα οἴχοντο πλέοντες ἐπὶ τῆς Θρηίκης, καὶ ἐνθαῦτα ἔκτισαν πόλιν Ἄβδηρα, τὴν πρότερος τούτων Κλαζομένιος Τιμήσιος κτίσας οὐκ ἀπόνητο, ἀλλʼ ὑπὸ Θρηίκων ἐξελασθεὶς τιμὰς νῦν ὑπὸ Τηίων τῶν ἐν Ἀβδήροισι ὡς ἥρως ἔχει.
1.181. τοῦτο μὲν δὴ τὸ τεῖχος θώρηξ ἐστί, ἕτερον δὲ ἔσωθεν τεῖχος περιθέει, οὐ πολλῷ τεῳ ἀσθενέστερον τοῦ ἑτέρου τείχεος, στεινότερον δέ. ἐν δὲ φάρσεϊ ἑκατέρῳ τῆς πόλιος ἐτετείχιστο ἐν μέσῳ ἐν τῷ μὲν τὰ βασιλήια περιβόλῳ μεγάλῳ τε καὶ ἰσχυρῷ, ἐν δὲ τῷ ἑτέρῳ Διὸς Βήλου ἱρὸν χαλκόπυλον, καὶ ἐς ἐμὲ ἔτι τοῦτο ἐόν, δύο σταδίων πάντῃ, ἐὸν τετράγωνον. ἐν μέσῳ δὲ τοῦ ἱροῦ πύργος στερεὸς οἰκοδόμηται, σταδίου καὶ τὸ μῆκος καὶ τὸ εὖρος, καὶ ἐπὶ τούτῳ τῷ πύργῳ ἄλλος πύργος ἐπιβέβηκε, καὶ ἕτερος μάλα ἐπὶ τούτῳ, μέχρι οὗ ὀκτὼ πύργων. ἀνάβασις δὲ ἐς αὐτοὺς ἔξωθεν κύκλῳ περὶ πάντας τοὺς πύργους ἔχουσα πεποίηται. μεσοῦντι δέ κου τῆς ἀναβάσιος ἐστὶ καταγωγή τε καὶ θῶκοι ἀμπαυστήριοι, ἐν τοῖσι κατίζοντες ἀμπαύονται οἱ ἀναβαίνοντες. ἐν δὲ τῷ τελευταίῳ πύργῳ νηὸς ἔπεστι μέγας· ἐν δὲ τῷ νηῷ κλίνη μεγάλη κέεται εὖ ἐστρωμένη, καὶ οἱ τράπεζα παρακέεται χρυσέη. ἄγαλμα δὲ οὐκ ἔνι οὐδὲν αὐτόθι ἐνιδρυμένον, οὐδὲ νύκτα οὐδεὶς ἐναυλίζεται ἀνθρώπων ὅτι μὴ γυνὴ μούνη τῶν ἐπιχωρίων, τὴν ἂν ὁ θεὸς ἕληται ἐκ πασέων, ὡς λέγουσι οἱ Χαλδαῖοι ἐόντες ἱρέες τούτου τοῦ θεοῦ.
1.182. φασὶ δὲ οἱ αὐτοὶ οὗτοι, ἐμοὶ μὲν οὐ πιστὰ λέγοντες, τὸν θεὸν αὐτὸν φοιτᾶν τε ἐς τὸν νηὸν καὶ ἀμπαύεσθαι ἐπὶ τῆς κλίνης, κατά περ ἐν Θήβῃσι τῇσι Αἰγυπτίῃσι κατὰ τὸν αὐτὸν τρόπον, ὡς λέγουσι οἱ Αἰγύπτιοι· καὶ γὰρ δὴ ἐκεῖθι κοιμᾶται ἐν τῷ τοῦ Διὸς τοῦ Θηβαιέος γυνή, ἀμφότεραι δὲ αὗται λέγονται ἀνδρῶν οὐδαμῶν ἐς ὁμιλίην φοιτᾶν· καὶ κατά περ ἐν Πατάροισι τῆς Λυκίης ἡ πρόμαντις τοῦ θεοῦ, ἐπεὰν γένηται· οὐ γὰρ ὦν αἰεί ἐστι χρηστήριον αὐτόθι· ἐπεὰν δὲ γένηται τότε ὦν συγκατακληίεται τὰς νύκτας ἔσω ἐν τῷ νηῷ.
1.207. παρεὼν δὲ καὶ μεμφόμενος τὴν γνώμην ταύτην Κροῖσος ὁ Λυδὸς ἀπεδείκνυτο ἐναντίην τῇ προκειμένῃ γνώμῃ, λέγων τάδε. “ὦ βασιλεῦ, εἶπον μὲν καὶ πρότερόν τοι ὅτι ἐπεί με Ζεὺς ἔδωκέ τοι, τὸ ἂν ὁρῶ σφάλμα ἐὸν οἴκῳ τῷ σῷ κατὰ δύναμιν ἀποτρέψειν· τὰ δὲ μοι παθήματα ἐόντα ἀχάριτα μαθήματα γέγονε. εἰ μὲν ἀθάνατος δοκέεις εἶναι καὶ στρατιῆς τοιαύτης ἄρχειν, οὐδὲν ἂν εἴη πρῆγμα γνώμας ἐμὲ σοὶ ἀποφαίνεσθαι· εἰ δʼ ἔγνωκας ὅτι ἄνθρωπος καὶ σὺ εἶς καὶ ἑτέρων τοιῶνδε ἄρχεις, ἐκεῖνο πρῶτον μάθε, ὡς κύκλος τῶν ἀνθρωπηίων ἐστὶ πρηγμάτων, περιφερόμενος δὲ οὐκ ἐᾷ αἰεὶ τοὺς αὐτοὺς; εὐτυχέειν. ἤδη ὦν ἔχω γνώμην περὶ τοῦ προκειμένου πρήγματος τὰ ἔμπαλιν ἢ οὗτοι. εἰ γὰρ ἐθελήσομεν ἐσδέξασθαι τοὺς πολεμίους ἐς τὴν χώρην, ὅδε τοι ἐν αὐτῷ κίνδυνος ἔνι· ἑσσωθεὶς μὲν προσαπολλύεις πᾶσαν τὴν ἀρχήν. δῆλα γὰρ δὴ ὅτι νικῶντες Μασσαγέται οὐ τὸ ὀπίσω φεύξονται ἀλλʼ ἐπʼ ἀρχὰς τὰς σὰς ἐλῶσι. νικῶν δὲ οὐ νικᾷς τοσοῦτον ὅσον εἰ διαβὰς ἐς τὴν ἐκείνων, νικῶν Μασσαγέτας, ἕποιο φεύγουσι. τὠυτὸ γὰρ ἀντιθήσω ἐκείνῳ, ὅτι νικήσας τοὺς ἀντιουμένους ἐλᾷς ἰθὺ τῆς ἀρχῆς τῆς Τομύριος. χωρίς τε τοῦ ἀπηγημένου αἰσχρὸν καὶ οὐκ ἀνασχετὸν Κῦρόν γε τὸν Καμβύσεω γυναικὶ εἴξαντα ὑποχωρῆσαι τῆς χώρης. νῦν ὦν μοι δοκέει διαβάντας προελθεῖν ὅσον ἂν ἐκεῖνοι ὑπεξίωσι, ἐνθεῦτεν δὲ τάδε ποιεῦντας πειρᾶσθαι ἐκείνων περιγενέσθαι. ὡς γὰρ ἐγὼ πυνθάνομαι, Μασσαγέται εἰσὶ ἀγαθῶν τε Περσικῶν ἄπειροι καὶ καλῶν μεγάλων ἀπαθέες. τούτοισι ὦν τοῖσι ἀνδράσι τῶν προβάτων ἀφειδέως πολλὰ κατακόψαντας καὶ σκευάσαντας προθεῖναι ἐν τῷ στρατοπέδῳ τῷ ἡμετέρῳ δαῖτα, πρὸς δὲ καὶ κρητῆρας ἀφειδέως οἴνου ἀκρήτου καὶ σιτία παντοῖα· ποιήσαντας δὲ ταῦτα, ὑπολιπομένους τῆς στρατιῆς τὸ φλαυρότατον, τοὺς λοιποὺς αὖτις ἐξαναχωρέειν ἐπὶ τὸν ποταμόν. ἢν γὰρ ἐγὼ γνώμης μὴ ἁμάρτω, κεῖνοι ἰδόμενοι ἀγαθὰ πολλὰ τρέψονταί τε πρὸς αὐτὰ καὶ ἡμῖν τὸ ἐνθεῦτεν λείπεται ἀπόδεξις ἔργων μεγάλων.”
2.15. εἰ ὦν βουλόμεθα γνώμῃσι τῇσι Ἰώνων χρᾶσθαι τὰ περὶ Αἴγυπτον, οἳ φασὶ τὸ Δέλτα μοῦνον εἶναι Αἴγυπτον, ἀπὸ Περσέος καλεομένης σκοπιῆς λέγοντες τὸ παρὰ θάλασσαν εἶναι αὐτῆς μέχρι Ταριχηίων τῶν Πηλουσιακῶν, τῇ δὴ τεσσεράκοντα εἰσὶ σχοῖνοι, τὸ δὲ ἀπὸ θαλάσσης λεγόντων ἐς μεσόγαιαν τείνειν αὐτὴν μέχρι Κερκασώρου πόλιος, κατʼ ἣν σχίζεται ὁ Νεῖλος ἔς τε Πηλούσιον ῥέων καὶ ἐς Κάνωβον, τὰ δὲ ἄλλα λεγόντων τῆς Αἰγύπτου τὰ μὲν Λιβύης τὰ δὲ Ἀραβίης εἶναι, ἀποδεικνύοιμεν ἂν τούτῳ τῷ λόγῳ χρεώμενοι Αἰγυπτίοισι οὐκ ἐοῦσαν πρότερον χώρην. ἤδη γάρ σφι τό γε Δέλτα, ὡς αὐτοὶ λέγουσι Αἰγύπτιοι καὶ ἐμοὶ δοκέει, ἐστὶ κατάρρυτόν τε καὶ νεωστὶ ὡς λόγῳ εἰπεῖν ἀναπεφηνός. εἰ τοίνυν σφι χώρη γε μηδεμία ὑπῆρχε, τί περιεργάζοντο δοκέοντες πρῶτοι ἀνθρώπων γεγονέναι; οὐδὲ ἔδει σφέας ἐς διάπειραν τῶν παιδίων ἰέναι, τίνα γλῶσσαν πρώτην ἀπήσουσι. ἀλλʼ οὔτε Αἰγυπτίους δοκέω ἅμα τῷ Δέλτα τῷ ὑπὸ Ἰώνων καλεομένῳ γενέσθαι αἰεί τε εἶναι ἐξ οὗ ἀνθρώπων γένος ἐγένετο, προϊούσης δὲ τῆς χώρης πολλοὺς μὲν τοὺς ὑπολειπομένους αὐτῶν γενέσθαι πολλοὺς δὲ τοὺς ὑποκαταβαίνοντας. τὸ δʼ ὦν πάλαι αἱ Θῆβαι Αἴγυπτος ἐκαλέετο, τῆς τὸ περίμετρον στάδιοι εἰσὶ εἴκοσι καὶ ἑκατὸν καὶ ἑξακισχίλιοι.
2.18. μαρτυρέει δέ μοι τῇ γνώμῃ, ὅτι τοσαύτη ἐστὶ Αἴγυπτος ὅσην τινὰ ἐγὼ ἀποδείκνυμι τῷ λόγῳ, καὶ τὸ Ἄμμωνος χρηστήριον γενόμενον· τὸ ἐγὼ τῆς ἐμεωυτοῦ γνώμης ὕστερον περὶ Αἴγυπτον ἐπυθόμην. οἱ γὰρ δὴ ἐκ Μαρέης τε πόλιος καὶ Ἄπιος, οἰκέοντες Αἰγύπτου τὰ πρόσουρα Λιβύῃ, αὐτοί τε δοκέοντες εἶναι Λίβυες καὶ οὐκ Αἰγύπτιοι καὶ ἀχθόμενοι τῇ περὶ τὰ ἱρὰ θρησκηίῃ, βουλόμενοι θηλέων βοῶν μὴ ἔργεσθαι, ἔπεμψαν ἐς Ἄμμωνα φάμενοι οὐδὲν σφίσι τε καὶ Αἰγυπτίοισι κοινὸν εἶναι· οἰκέειν τε γὰρ ἔξω τοῦ Δέλτα καὶ οὐδὲν ὁμολογέειν αὐτοῖσι, βούλεσθαί τε πάντων σφίσι ἐξεῖναι γεύεσθαι. ὁ δὲ θεός σφεας οὐκ ἔα ποιέειν ταῦτα, φὰς Αἴγυπτον εἶναι ταύτην τὴν ὁ Νεῖλος ἐπιὼν ἄρδει, καὶ Αἰγυπτίους εἶναι τούτους οἳ ἔνερθε Ἐλεφαντίνης πόλιος οἰκέοντες ἀπὸ τοῦ ποταμοῦ τούτου πίνουσι. οὕτω σφι ταῦτα ἐχρήσθη.
2.23. ὁ δὲ περὶ τοῦ Ὠκεανοῦ λέξας ἐς ἀφανὲς τὸν μῦθον ἀνενείκας οὐκ ἔχει ἔλεγχον· οὐ γὰρ τινὰ ἔγωγε οἶδα ποταμὸν Ὠκεανὸν ἐόντα, Ὅμηρον δὲ ἢ τινὰ τῶν πρότερον γενομένων ποιητέων δοκέω τὸ οὔνομα εὑρόντα ἐς ποίησιν ἐσενείκασθαι.
2.28. ταῦτα μέν νυν ἔστω ὡς ἔστι τε καὶ ὡς ἀρχὴν ἐγένετο· τοῦ δὲ Νείλου τὰς πηγὰς οὔτε Αἰγυπτίων οὔτε Λιβύων οὔτε Ἑλλήνων τῶν ἐμοὶ ἀπικομένων ἐς λόγους οὐδεὶς ὑπέσχετο εἰδέναι, εἰ μὴ ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ ἐν Σάι πόλι ὁ γραμματιστὴς τῶν ἱρῶν χρημάτων τῆς Ἀθηναίης. οὗτος δʼ ἔμοιγε παίζειν ἐδόκεε φάμενος εἰδέναι ἀτρεκέως· ἔλεγε δὲ ὧδε, εἶναι δύο ὄρεα ἐς ὀξὺ τὰς κορυφὰς ἀπηγμένα, μεταξὺ Συήνης τε πόλιος κείμενα τῆς Θηβαΐδος καὶ Ἐλεφαντίνης, οὐνόματα δὲ εἶναι τοῖσι ὄρεσι τῷ μὲν Κρῶφι τῷ δὲ Μῶφι· τὰς ὦν δὴ πηγὰς τοῦ Νείλου ἐούσας ἀβύσσους ἐκ τοῦ μέσου τῶν ὀρέων τούτων ῥέειν, καὶ τὸ μὲν ἥμισυ τοῦ ὕδατος ἐπʼ Αἰγύπτου ῥέειν καὶ πρὸς βορέην ἄνεμον, τὸ δʼ ἕτερον ἥμισυ ἐπʼ Αἰθιοπίης τε καὶ νότου. ὡς δὲ ἄβυσσοι εἰσι αἱ πηγαί, ἐς διάπειραν ἔφη τούτου Ψαμμήτιχον Αἰγύπτου βασιλέα ἀπικέσθαι· πολλέων γὰρ αὐτὸν χιλιάδων ὀργυιέων πλεξάμενον κάλον κατεῖναι ταύτῃ καὶ οὐκ ἐξικέσθαι ἐς βυσσόν. οὕτω μὲν δὴ ὁ γραμματιστής, εἰ ἄρα ταῦτα γινόμενα ἔλεγε, ἀπέφαινε, ὡς ἐμὲ κατανοέειν, δίνας τινὰς ταύτῃ ἐούσας ἰσχυρὰς καὶ παλιρροίην, οἷα δὲ ἐμβάλλοντος τοῦ ὕδατος τοῖσι ὄρεσι, μὴ δύνασθαι κατιεμένην καταπειρητηρίην ἐς βυσσὸν ἰέναι.
2.43. Ἡρακλέος δὲ πέρι τόνδε τὸν λόγον ἤκουσα, ὅτι εἴη τῶν δυώδεκα θεῶν· τοῦ ἑτέρου δὲ πέρι Ἡρακλέος, τὸν Ἕλληνες οἴδασι, οὐδαμῇ Αἰγύπτου ἐδυνάσθην ἀκοῦσαι. καὶ μὴν ὅτι γε οὐ παρʼ Ἑλλήνων ἔλαβον τὸ οὔνομα Αἰγύπτιοι τοῦ Ἡρακλέος, ἀλλὰ Ἕλληνες μᾶλλον παρʼ Αἰγυπτίων καὶ Ἑλλήνων οὗτοι οἱ θέμενοι τῷ Ἀμφιτρύωνος γόνῳ τοὔνομα Ἡρακλέα, πολλά μοι καὶ ἄλλα τεκμήρια ἐστὶ τοῦτο οὕτω ἔχειν, ἐν δὲ καὶ τόδε, ὅτι τε τοῦ Ἡρακλέος τούτου οἱ γονέες ἀμφότεροι ἦσαν Ἀμφιτρύων καὶ Ἀλκμήνη γεγονότες τὸ ἀνέκαθεν ἀπʼ Αἰγύπτου, καὶ διότι Αἰγύπτιοι οὔτε Ποσειδέωνος οὔτε Διοσκούρων τὰ οὐνόματα φασὶ εἰδέναι, οὐδέ σφι θεοὶ οὗτοι ἐν τοῖσι ἄλλοισι θεοῖσι ἀποδεδέχαται. καὶ μὴν εἴ γε παρʼ Ἑλλήνων ἔλαβον οὔνομά τευ δαίμονος, τούτων οὐκ ἥκιστα ἀλλὰ μάλιστα ἔμελλον μνήμην ἕξειν, εἴ περ καὶ τότε ναυτιλίῃσι ἐχρέωντο καὶ ἦσαν Ἑλλήνων τινὲς ναυτίλοι, ὡς ἔλπομαί τε καὶ ἐμὴ γνώμη αἱρέει· ὥστε τούτων ἂν καὶ μᾶλλον τῶν θεῶν τὰ οὐνόματα ἐξεπιστέατο Αἰγύπτιοι ἢ τοῦ Ἡρακλέος. ἀλλά τις ἀρχαῖος ἐστὶ θεὸς Αἰγυπτίοισι Ἡρακλέης· ὡς δὲ αὐτοὶ λέγουσι, ἔτεα ἐστὶ ἑπτακισχίλια καὶ μύρια ἐς Ἄμασιν βασιλεύσαντα, ἐπείτε ἐκ τῶν ὀκτὼ θεῶν οἱ δυώδεκα θεοὶ ἐγένοντο τῶν Ἡρακλέα ἕνα νομίζουσι. 2.44. καὶ θέλων δὲ τούτων πέρι σαφές τι εἰδέναι ἐξ ὧν οἷόν τε ἦν, ἔπλευσα καὶ ἐς Τύρον τῆς Φοινίκης, πυνθανόμενος αὐτόθι εἶναι ἱρὸν Ἡρακλέος ἅγιον. καὶ εἶδον πλουσίως κατεσκευασμένον ἄλλοισί τε πολλοῖσι ἀναθήμασι, καὶ ἐν αὐτῷ ἦσαν στῆλαι δύο, ἣ μὲν χρυσοῦ ἀπέφθου, ἣ δὲ σμαράγδου λίθου λάμποντος τὰς νύκτας μέγαθος. ἐς λόγους δὲ ἐλθὼν τοῖσι ἱρεῦσι τοῦ θεοῦ εἰρόμην ὁκόσος χρόνος εἴη ἐξ οὗ σφι τὸ ἱρὸν ἵδρυται. εὗρον δὲ οὐδὲ τούτους τοῖσι Ἕλλησι συμφερομένους· ἔφασαν γὰρ ἅμα Τύρῳ οἰκιζομένῃ καὶ τὸ ἱρὸν τοῦ θεοῦ ἱδρυθῆναι, εἶναι δὲ ἔτεα ἀπʼ οὗ Τύρον οἰκέουσι τριηκόσια καὶ δισχίλια. εἶδον δὲ ἐν τῇ Τύρῳ καὶ ἄλλο ἱρὸν Ἡρακλέος ἐπωνυμίην ἔχοντος Θασίου εἶναι· ἀπικόμην δὲ καὶ ἐς Θάσον, ἐν τῇ εὗρον ἱρὸν Ἡρακλέος ὑπὸ Φοινίκων ἱδρυμένον, οἳ κατʼ Εὐρώπης ζήτησιν ἐκπλώσαντες Θάσον ἔκτισαν· καὶ ταῦτα καὶ πέντε γενεῇσι ἀνδρῶν πρότερα ἐστὶ ἢ τὸν Ἀμφιτρύωνος Ἡρακλέα ἐν τῇ Ἑλλάδι γενέσθαι. τὰ μέν νυν ἱστορημένα δηλοῖ σαφέως παλαιὸν θεὸν Ἡρακλέα ἐόντα, καὶ δοκέουσι δέ μοι οὗτοι ὀρθότατα Ἑλλήνων ποιέειν, οἳ διξὰ Ἡράκλεια ἱδρυσάμενοι ἔκτηνται, καὶ τῷ μὲν ὡς ἀθανάτῳ Ὀλυμπίῳ δὲ ἐπωνυμίην θύουσι, τῷ δὲ ἑτέρῳ ὡς ἥρωι ἐναγίζουσι.
2.48. τῷ δὲ Διονύσῳ τῆς ὁρτῆς τῇ δορπίῃ χοῖρον πρὸ τῶν θυρέων σφάξας ἕκαστος διδοῖ ἀποφέρεσθαι τὸν χοῖρον αὐτῷ τῷ ἀποδομένῳ τῶν συβωτέων. τὴν δὲ ἄλλην ἀνάγουσι ὁρτὴν τῷ Διονύσῳ οἱ Αἰγύπτιοι πλὴν χορῶν κατὰ ταὐτὰ σχεδὸν πάντα Ἕλλησι· ἀντὶ δὲ φαλλῶν ἄλλα σφι ἐστὶ ἐξευρημένα, ὅσον τε πηχυαῖα ἀγάλματα νευρόσπαστα, τὰ περιφορέουσι κατὰ κώμας γυναῖκες, νεῦον τὸ αἰδοῖον, οὐ πολλῷ τεῳ ἔλασσον ἐὸν τοῦ ἄλλου σώματος· προηγέεται δὲ αὐλός, αἳ δὲ ἕπονται ἀείδουσαι τὸν Διόνυσον. διότι δὲ μέζον τε ἔχει τὸ αἰδοῖον καὶ κινέει μοῦνον τοῦ σώματος, ἔστι λόγος περὶ αὐτοῦ ἱρὸς λεγόμενος. 2.49. ἤδη ὦν δοκέει μοι Μελάμπους ὁ Ἀμυθέωνος τῆς θυσίης ταύτης οὐκ εἶναι ἀδαὴς ἀλλʼ ἔμπειρος. Ἕλλησι γὰρ δὴ Μελάμπους ἐστὶ ὁ ἐξηγησάμενος τοῦ Διονύσου τό τε οὔνομα καὶ τὴν θυσίην καὶ τὴν πομπὴν τοῦ φαλλοῦ· ἀτρεκέως μὲν οὐ πάντα συλλαβὼν τὸν λόγον ἔφηνε, ἀλλʼ οἱ ἐπιγενόμενοι τούτῳ σοφισταὶ μεζόνως ἐξέφηναν· τὸν δʼ ὦν φαλλὸν τὸν τῷ Διονύσῳ πεμπόμενον Μελάμπους ἐστὶ ὁ κατηγησάμενος, καὶ ἀπὸ τούτου μαθόντες ποιεῦσι τὰ ποιεῦσι Ἕλληνες. ἐγὼ μέν νυν φημὶ Μελάμποδα γενόμενον ἄνδρα σοφὸν μαντικήν τε ἑωυτῷ συστῆσαι καὶ πυθόμενον ἀπʼ Αἰγύπτου ἄλλα τε πολλὰ ἐσηγήσασθαι Ἕλλησι καὶ τὰ περὶ τὸν Διόνυσον, ὀλίγα αὐτῶν παραλλάξαντα. οὐ γὰρ δὴ συμπεσεῖν γε φήσω τά τε ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ ποιεύμενα τῷ θεῷ καὶ τὰ ἐν τοῖσι Ἕλλησι· ὁμότροπα γὰρ ἂν ἦν τοῖσι Ἕλλησι καὶ οὐ νεωστὶ ἐσηγμένα. οὐ μὲν οὐδὲ φήσω ὅκως Αἰγύπτιοι παρʼ Ἑλλήνων ἔλαβον ἢ τοῦτο ἢ ἄλλο κού τι νόμαιον. πυθέσθαι δέ μοι δοκέει μάλιστα Μελάμπους τὰ περὶ τὸν Διόνυσον παρὰ Κάδμου τε τοῦ Τυρίου καὶ τῶν σὺν αὐτῷ ἐκ Φοινίκης ἀπικομένων ἐς τὴν νῦν Βοιωτίην καλεομένην χώρην. 2.50. σχεδὸν δὲ καὶ πάντων τὰ οὐνόματα τῶν θεῶν ἐξ Αἰγύπτου ἐλήλυθε ἐς τὴν Ἑλλάδα. διότι μὲν γὰρ ἐκ τῶν βαρβάρων ἥκει, πυνθανόμενος οὕτω εὑρίσκω ἐόν· δοκέω δʼ ὦν μάλιστα ἀπʼ Αἰγύπτου ἀπῖχθαι. ὅτι γὰρ δὴ μὴ Ποσειδέωνος καὶ Διοσκούρων, ὡς καὶ πρότερόν μοι ταῦτα εἴρηται, καὶ Ἥρης καὶ Ἱστίης καὶ Θέμιος καὶ Χαρίτων καὶ Νηρηίδων, τῶν ἄλλων θεῶν Αἰγυπτίοισι αἰεί κοτε τὰ οὐνόματα ἐστὶ ἐν τῇ χώρῃ. λέγω δὲ τὰ λέγουσι αὐτοὶ Αἰγύπτιοι. τῶν δὲ οὔ φασι θεῶν γινώσκειν τὰ οὐνόματα, οὗτοι δέ μοι δοκέουσι ὑπὸ Πελασγῶν ὀνομασθῆναι, πλὴν Ποσειδέωνος· τοῦτον δὲ τὸν θεὸν παρὰ Λιβύων ἐπύθοντο· οὐδαμοὶ γὰρ ἀπʼ ἀρχῆς Ποσειδέωνος οὔνομα ἔκτηνται εἰ μὴ Λίβυες καὶ τιμῶσι τὸν θεὸν τοῦτον αἰεί. νομίζουσι δʼ ὦν Αἰγύπτιοι οὐδʼ ἥρωσι οὐδέν. 2.51. ταῦτα μέν νυν καὶ ἄλλα πρὸς τούτοισι, τὰ ἐγὼ φράσω, Ἕλληνες ἀπʼ Αἰγυπτίων νενομίκασι· τοῦ δὲ Ἑρμέω τὰ ἀγάλματα ὀρθὰ ἔχειν τὰ αἰδοῖα ποιεῦντες οὐκ ἀπʼ Αἰγυπτίων μεμαθήκασι, ἀλλʼ ἀπὸ Πελασγῶν πρῶτοι μὲν Ἑλλήνων ἁπάντων Ἀθηναῖοι παραλαβόντες, παρὰ δὲ τούτων ὧλλοι. Ἀθηναίοισι γὰρ ἤδη τηνικαῦτα ἐς Ἕλληνας τελέουσι Πελασγοὶ σύνοικοι ἐγένοντο ἐν τῇ χώρῃ, ὅθεν περ καὶ Ἕλληνες ἤρξαντο νομισθῆναι. ὅστις δὲ τὰ Καβείρων ὄργια μεμύηται, τὰ Σαμοθρήικες ἐπιτελέουσι παραλαβόντες παρὰ Πελασγῶν, οὗτος ὡνὴρ οἶδε τὸ λέγω· τὴν γὰρ Σαμοθρηίκην οἴκεον πρότερον Πελασγοὶ οὗτοι οἵ περ Ἀθηναίοισι σύνοικοι ἐγένοντο, καὶ παρὰ τούτων Σαμοθρήικες τὰ ὄργια παραλαμβάνουσι. ὀρθὰ ὦν ἔχειν τὰ αἰδοῖα τἀγάλματα τοῦ Ἑρμέω Ἀθηναῖοι πρῶτοι Ἑλλήνων μαθόντες παρὰ Πελασγῶν ἐποιήσαντο· οἱ δὲ Πελασγοὶ ἱρόν τινα λόγον περὶ αὐτοῦ ἔλεξαν, τὰ ἐν τοῖσι ἐν Σαμοθρηίκῃ μυστηρίοισι δεδήλωται. 2.52. ἔθυον δὲ πάντα πρότερον οἱ Πελασγοὶ θεοῖσι ἐπευχόμενοι, ὡς ἐγὼ ἐν Δωδώνῃ οἶδα ἀκούσας, ἐπωνυμίην δὲ οὐδʼ οὔνομα ἐποιεῦντο οὐδενὶ αὐτῶν· οὐ γὰρ ἀκηκόεσάν κω. θεοὺς δὲ προσωνόμασαν σφέας ἀπὸ τοῦ τοιούτου, ὅτι κόσμῳ θέντες τὰ πάντα πρήγματα καὶ πάσας νομὰς εἶχον. ἔπειτα δὲ χρόνου πολλοῦ διεξελθόντος ἐπύθοντο ἐκ τῆς Αἰγύπτου ἀπικόμενα τὰ οὐνόματα τῶν θεῶν τῶν ἄλλων, Διονύσου δὲ ὕστερον πολλῷ ἐπύθοντο. καὶ μετὰ χρόνον ἐχρηστηριάζοντο περὶ τῶν οὐνομάτων ἐν Δωδώνῃ· τὸ γὰρ δὴ μαντήιον τοῦτο νενόμισται ἀρχαιότατον τῶν ἐν Ἕλλησι χρηστηρίων εἶναι, καὶ ἦν τὸν χρόνον τοῦτον μοῦνον. ἐπεὶ ὦν ἐχρηστηριάζοντο ἐν τῇ Δωδώνῃ οἱ Πελασγοὶ εἰ ἀνέλωνται τὰ οὐνόματα τὰ ἀπὸ τῶν βαρβάρων ἥκοντα, ἀνεῖλε τὸ μαντήιον χρᾶσθαι. ἀπὸ μὲν δὴ τούτου τοῦ χρόνου ἔθυον τοῖσι οὐνόμασι τῶν θεῶν χρεώμενοι· παρὰ δὲ Πελασγῶν Ἕλληνες ἐξεδέξαντο ὕστερον. 2.53. ἔνθεν δὲ ἐγένοντο ἕκαστος τῶν θεῶν, εἴτε αἰεὶ ἦσαν πάντες, ὁκοῖοί τε τινὲς τὰ εἴδεα, οὐκ ἠπιστέατο μέχρι οὗ πρώην τε καὶ χθὲς ὡς εἰπεῖν λόγῳ. Ἡσίοδον γὰρ καὶ Ὅμηρον ἡλικίην τετρακοσίοισι ἔτεσι δοκέω μευ πρεσβυτέρους γενέσθαι καὶ οὐ πλέοσι· οὗτοι δὲ εἰσὶ οἱ ποιήσαντες θεογονίην Ἕλλησι καὶ τοῖσι θεοῖσι τὰς ἐπωνυμίας δόντες καὶ τιμάς τε καὶ τέχνας διελόντες καὶ εἴδεα αὐτῶν σημήναντες. οἱ δὲ πρότερον ποιηταὶ λεγόμενοι τούτων τῶν ἀνδρῶν γενέσθαι ὕστερον, ἔμοιγε δοκέειν, ἐγένοντο. τούτων τὰ μὲν πρῶτα αἱ Δωδωνίδες ἱρεῖαι λέγουσι, τὰ δὲ ὕστερα τὰ ἐς Ἡσίοδόν τε καὶ Ὅμηρον ἔχοντα ἐγὼ λέγω.
2.61. ταῦτα μὲν δὴ ταύτῃ ποιέεται, ἐν δὲ Βουσίρι πόλι ὡς ἀνάγουσι τῇ Ἴσι τὴν ὁρτήν, εἴρηται προτερόν μοι· τύπτονται μὲν γὰρ δὴ μετὰ τὴν θυσίην πάντες καὶ πᾶσαι, μυριάδες κάρτα πολλαὶ ἀνθρώπων· τὸν δὲ τύπτονται, οὔ μοι ὅσιον ἐστὶ λέγειν. ὅσοι δὲ Καρῶν εἰσι ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ οἰκέοντες, οὗτοι δὲ τοσούτῳ ἔτι πλέω ποιεῦσι τούτων ὅσῳ καὶ τὰ μέτωπα κόπτονται μαχαίρῃσι, καὶ τούτῳ εἰσὶ δῆλοι ὅτι εἰσὶ ξεῖνοι καὶ οὐκ Αἰγύπτιοι.
2.65. Αἰγύπτιοι δὲ θρησκεύουσι περισσῶς τά τε ἄλλα περὶ τὰ ἱρὰ καὶ δὴ καὶ τάδε. ἐοῦσα ἡ Αἴγυπτος ὅμουρος τῇ Λιβύῃ οὐ μάλα θηριώδης ἐστί· τὰ δὲ ἐόντα σφι ἅπαντα ἱρὰ νενόμισται, καὶ τὰ μὲν σύντροφα αὐτοῖσι τοῖσι ἀνθρώποισι, τὰ δὲ οὔ. τῶν δὲ εἵνεκεν ἀνεῖται τὰ θηρία ἱρὰ εἰ λέγοιμι, καταβαίην ἂν τῷ λόγῳ ἐς τὰ θεῖα πρήγματα, τὰ ἐγὼ φεύγω μάλιστα ἀπηγέεσθαι· τὰ δὲ καὶ εἴρηκα αὐτῶν ἐπιψαύσας, ἀναγκαίῃ καταλαμβανόμενος εἶπον. νόμος δὲ ἐστὶ περὶ τῶν θηρίων ὧδε ἔχων· μελεδωνοὶ ἀποδεδέχαται τῆς τροφῆς χωρὶς ἑκάστων καὶ ἔρσενες καὶ θήλεαι τῶν Αἰγυπτίων, τῶν παῖς παρὰ πατρὸς ἐκδέκεται τὴν τιμήν. οἳ δὲ ἐν τῇσι πόλισι ἕκαστοι εὐχὰς τάσδε σφι ἀποτελέουσι· εὐχόμενοι τῷ θεῷ τοῦ ἂν ᾖ τὸ θηρίον, ξυρῶντες τῶν παιδίων ἢ πᾶσαν τὴν κεφαλὴν ἢ τὸ ἥμισυ ἢ τὸ τρίτον μέρος τῆς κεφαλῆς, ἱστᾶσι σταθμῷ πρὸς ἀργύριον τὰς τρίχας· τὸ δʼ ἂν ἑλκύσῃ, τοῦτο τῇ μελεδωνῷ τῶν θηρίων διδοῖ, ἣ δὲ ἀντʼ αὐτοῦ τάμνουσα ἰχθῦς παρέχει βορὴν τοῖσι θηρίοισι. τροφὴ μὲν δὴ αὐτοῖσι τοιαύτη ἀποδέδεκται· τὸ δʼ ἄν τις τῶν θηρίων τούτων ἀποκτείνῃ, ἢν μὲν ἑκών, θάνατος ἡ ζημίη, ἢν δὲ ἀέκων, ἀποτίνει ζημίην τὴν ἂν οἱ ἱρέες τάξωνται. ὃς δʼ ἂν ἶβιν ἢ ἴρηκα ἀποκτείνῃ, ἤν τε ἑκὼν ἤν τε ἀέκων, τεθνάναι ἀνάγκη.
2.81. ἐνδεδύκασι δὲ κιθῶνας λινέους περὶ τὰ σκέλεα θυσανωτούς, τοὺς καλέουσι καλασίρις· ἐπὶ τούτοισι δὲ εἰρίνεα εἵματα λευκὰ ἐπαναβληδὸν φορέουσι. οὐ μέντοι ἔς γε τὰ ἱρὰ ἐσφέρεται εἰρίνεα οὐδὲ συγκαταθάπτεταί σφι· οὐ γὰρ ὅσιον. ὁμολογέουσι δὲ ταῦτα τοῖσι Ὀρφικοῖσι καλεομένοισι καὶ Βακχικοῖσι, ἐοῦσι δὲ Αἰγυπτίοισι καὶ Πυθαγορείοισι· οὐδὲ γὰρ τούτων τῶν ὀργίων μετέχοντα ὅσιον ἐστὶ ἐν εἰρινέοισι εἵμασι θαφθῆναι. ἔστι δὲ περὶ αὐτῶν ἱρὸς λόγος λεγόμενος.
2.86. εἰσὶ δὲ οἳ ἐπʼ αὐτῷ τούτῳ κατέαται καὶ τέχνην ἔχουσι ταύτην. οὗτοι, ἐπεάν σφι κομισθῇ νεκρός, δεικνύουσι τοῖσι κομίσασι παραδείγματα νεκρῶν ξύλινα, τῇ γραφῇ μεμιμημένα , 1 καὶ τὴν μὲν σπουδαιοτάτην αὐτέων φασὶ εἶναι τοῦ οὐκ ὅσιον ποιεῦμαι τὸ οὔνομα ἐπὶ τοιούτῳ πρήγματι ὀνομάζειν, τὴν δὲ δευτέρην δεικνύουσι ὑποδεεστέρην τε ταύτης καὶ εὐτελεστέρην, τὴν δὲ τρίτην εὐτελεστάτην· φράσαντες δὲ πυνθάνονται παρʼ αὐτῶν κατὰ ἥντινα βούλονταί σφι σκευασθῆναι τὸν νεκρόν. οἳ μὲν δὴ ἐκποδὼν μισθῷ ὁμολογήσαντες ἀπαλλάσσονται, οἳ δὲ ὑπολειπόμενοι ἐν οἰκήμασι ὧδε τὰ σπουδαιότατα ταριχεύουσι. πρῶτα μὲν σκολιῷ σιδήρῳ διὰ τῶν μυξωτήρων ἐξάγουσι τὸν ἐγκέφαλον, τὰ μὲν αὐτοῦ οὕτω ἐξάγοντες, τὰ δὲ ἐγχέοντες φάρμακα· μετὰ δὲ λίθῳ Αἰθιοπικῷ ὀξέι παρασχίσαντες παρὰ τὴν λαπάρην ἐξ ὦν εἷλον τὴν κοιλίην πᾶσαν, ἐκκαθήραντες δὲ αὐτὴν καὶ διηθήσαντες οἴνῳ φοινικηίῳ αὖτις διηθέουσι θυμιήμασι τετριμμένοισι· ἔπειτα τὴν νηδὺν σμύρνης ἀκηράτου τετριμμένης καὶ κασίης καὶ τῶν ἄλλων θυμιημάτων, πλὴν λιβανωτοῦ, πλήσαντες συρράπτουσι ὀπίσω. ταῦτα δὲ ποιήσαντες ταριχεύουσι λίτρῳ κρύψαντες ἡμέρας ἑβδομήκοντα· πλεῦνας δὲ τουτέων οὐκ ἔξεστι ταριχεύειν. ἐπεὰν δὲ παρέλθωσι αἱ ἑβδομήκοντα, λούσαντες τὸν νεκρὸν κατειλίσσουσι πᾶν αὐτοῦ τὸ σῶμα σινδόνος βυσσίνης τελαμῶσι κατατετμημένοισι, ὑποχρίοντες τῷ κόμμι, τῷ δὴ ἀντὶ κόλλης τὰ πολλὰ χρέωνται Αἰγύπτιοι. ἐνθεῦτεν δὲ παραδεξάμενοί μιν οἱ προσήκοντες ποιεῦνται ξύλινον τύπον ἀνθρωποειδέα, ποιησάμενοι δὲ ἐσεργνῦσι τὸν νεκρόν, καὶ κατακληίσαντες οὕτω θησαυρίζουσι ἐν οἰκήματι θηκαίῳ, ἱστάντες ὀρθὸν πρὸς τοῖχον.
2.122. μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα ἔλεγον τοῦτον τὸν βασιλέα ζωὸν καταβῆναι κάτω ἐς τὸν οἱ Ἕλληνες Ἅιδην νομίζουσι εἶναι, καὶ κεῖθι συγκυβεύειν τῇ Δήμητρι, καὶ τὰ μὲν νικᾶν αὐτὴν τὰ δὲ ἑσσοῦσθαι ὑπʼ αὐτῆς, καί μιν πάλιν ἀπικέσθαι δῶρον ἔχοντα παρʼ αὐτῆς χειρόμακτρον χρύσεον. ἀπὸ δὲ τῆς Ῥαμψινίτου καταβάσιος, ὡς πάλιν ἀπίκετο, ὁρτὴν δὴ ἀνάγειν Αἰγυπτίους ἔφασαν· τὴν καὶ ἐγὼ οἶδα ἔτι καὶ ἐς ἐμὲ ἐπιτελέοντας αὐτούς, οὐ μέντοι εἴ γε διὰ ταῦτα ὁρτάζουσι ἔχω λέγειν. φᾶρος δὲ αὐτημερὸν ἐξυφήναντες οἱ ἱρέες κατʼ ὦν ἔδησαν ἑνὸς ἑωυτῶν μίτρῃ τοὺς ὀφθαλμούς, ἀγαγόντες δέ μιν ἔχοντα τὸ φᾶρος ἐς ὁδὸν φέρουσαν ἐς ἱρὸν Δήμητρος αὐτοὶ ἀπαλλάσσονται ὀπίσω· τὸν δὲ ἱρέα τοῦτον καταδεδεμένον τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς λέγουσι ὑπὸ δύο λύκων ἄγεσθαι ἐς τὸ ἱρὸν τῆς Δήμητρος ἀπέχον τῆς πόλιος εἴκοσι σταδίους, καὶ αὖτις ὀπίσω ἐκ τοῦ ἱροῦ ἀπάγειν μιν τοὺς λύκους ἐς τὠυτὸ χωρίον. 2.123. τοῖσι μέν νυν ὑπʼ Αἰγυπτίων λεγομένοισι χράσθω ὅτεῳ τὰ τοιαῦτα πιθανά ἐστι· ἐμοὶ δὲ παρὰ πάντα τὸν λόγον ὑπόκειται ὅτι τὰ λεγόμενα ὑπʼ ἑκάστων ἀκοῇ γράφω. ἀρχηγετέειν δὲ τῶν κάτω Αἰγύπτιοι λέγουσι Δήμητρα καὶ Διόνυσον. πρῶτοι δὲ καὶ τόνδε τὸν λόγον Αἰγύπτιοι εἰσὶ οἱ εἰπόντες, ὡς ἀνθρώπου ψυχὴ ἀθάνατος ἐστί, τοῦ σώματος δὲ καταφθίνοντος ἐς ἄλλο ζῷον αἰεὶ γινόμενον ἐσδύεται, ἐπεὰν δὲ πάντα περιέλθῃ τὰ χερσαῖα καὶ τὰ θαλάσσια καὶ τὰ πετεινά, αὖτις ἐς ἀνθρώπου σῶμα γινόμενον ἐσδύνει· τὴν περιήλυσιν δὲ αὐτῇ γίνεσθαι ἐν τρισχιλίοισι ἔτεσι. τούτῳ τῷ λόγῳ εἰσὶ οἳ Ἑλλήνων ἐχρήσαντο, οἳ μὲν πρότερον οἳ δὲ ὕστερον, ὡς ἰδίῳ ἑωυτῶν ἐόντι· τῶν ἐγὼ εἰδὼς τὰ οὐνόματα οὐ γράφω.
2.139. τέλος δὲ τῆς ἀπαλλαγῆς τοῦ Αἰθίοπος ὧδε ἔλεγον γενέσθαι· ὄψιν ἐν τῷ ὕπνῳ τοιήνδε ἰδόντα αὐτὸν οἴχεσθαι φεύγοντα· ἐδόκέε οἱ ἄνδρα ἐπιστάντα συμβουλεύειν τοὺς ἱρέας τοὺς ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ συλλέξαντα πάντας μέσους διαταμεῖν. ἰδόντα δὲ τὴν ὄψιν ταύτην λέγειν αὐτὸν ὡς πρόφασίν οἱ δοκέοι ταύτην τοὺς θεοὺς προδεικνύναι, ἵνα ἀσεβήσας περὶ τὰ ἱρὰ κακόν τι πρὸς θεῶν ἢ πρὸς ἀνθρώπων λάβοι· οὔκων ποιήσειν ταῦτα, ἀλλὰ γάρ οἱ ἐξεληλυθέναι τὸν χρόνον, ὁκόσον κεχρῆσθαι ἄρξαντα Αἰγύπτου ἐκχωρήσειν. ἐν γὰρ τῇ Αἰθιοπίῃ ἐόντι αὐτῷ τὰ μαντήια, τοῖσι χρέωνται Αἰθίοπες, ἀνεῖλε ὡς δέοι αὐτὸν Αἰγύπτου βασιλεῦσαι ἔτεα πεντήκοντα. ὡς ὦν ὁ χρόνος οὗτος ἐξήιε καὶ αὐτὸν ἡ ὄψις τοῦ ἐνυπνίου ἐπετάρασσε, ἑκὼν ἀπαλλάσσετο ἐκ τῆς Αἰγύπτου ὁ Σαβακῶς.
2.143. πρότερον δὲ Ἑκαταίῳ τῷ λογοποιῷ ἐν Θήβῃσι γενεηλογήσαντί τε ἑωυτὸν καὶ ἀναδήσαντι τὴν πατριὴν ἐς ἑκκαιδέκατον θεὸν ἐποίησαν οἱ ἱρέες τοῦ Διὸς οἷόν τι καὶ ἐμοὶ οὐ γενεηλογήσαντι ἐμεωυτόν· ἐσαγαγόντες ἐς τὸ μέγαρον ἔσω ἐὸν μέγα ἐξηρίθμεον δεικνύντες κολοσσοὺς ξυλίνους τοσούτους ὅσους περ εἶπον· ἀρχιερεὺς γὰρ ἕκαστος αὐτόθι ἱστᾷ ἐπὶ τῆς ἑωυτοῦ ζόης εἰκόνα ἑωυτοῦ· ἀριθμέοντες ὦν καὶ δεικνύντες οἱ ἱρέες ἐμοὶ ἀπεδείκνυσαν παῖδα πατρὸς ἑωυτῶν ἕκαστον ἐόντα, ἐκ τοῦ ἄγχιστα ἀποθανόντος τῆς εἰκόνος διεξιόντες διὰ πασέων, ἕως οὗ ἀπέδεξαν ἁπάσας αὐτάς. Ἑκαταίῳ δὲ γενεηλογήσαντι ἑωυτὸν καὶ ἀναδήσαντι ἐς ἑκκαιδέκατον θεὸν ἀντεγενεηλόγησαν ἐπὶ τῇ ἀριθμήσι, οὐ δεκόμενοι παρʼ αὐτοῦ ἀπὸ θεοῦ γενέσθαι ἄνθρωπον· ἀντεγενεηλόγησαν δὲ ὧδε, φάμενοι ἕκαστον τῶν κολοσσῶν πίρωμιν ἐκ πιρώμιος γεγονέναι, ἐς ὃ τοὺς πέντε καὶ τεσσεράκοντα καὶ τριηκοσίους ἀπέδεξαν κολοσσούς πίρωμιν ἐπονομαζόμενον 1,καὶ οὔτε ἐς θεὸν οὔτε ἐς ἥρωα ἀνέδησαν αὐτούς. πίρωμις δὲ ἐστὶ κατὰ Ἑλλάδα γλῶσσαν καλὸς κἀγαθός.
2.145. ἐν Ἕλλησι μέν νυν νεώτατοι τῶν θεῶν νομίζονται εἶναι Ἡρακλέης τε καὶ Διόνυσος καὶ Πάν, παρʼ Αἰγυπτίοισι δὲ Πὰν μὲν ἀρχαιότατος καὶ τῶν ὀκτὼ τῶν πρώτων λεγομένων θεῶν, Ἡρακλέης δὲ τῶν δευτέρων τῶν δυώδεκα λεγομένων εἶναι, Διόνυσος δὲ τῶν τρίτων, οἳ ἐκ τῶν δυώδεκα θεῶν ἐγένοντο. Ἡρακλέι μὲν δὴ ὅσα αὐτοὶ Αἰγύπτιοι φασὶ εἶναι ἔτεα ἐς Ἄμασιν βασιλέα, δεδήλωταί μοι πρόσθε· Πανὶ δὲ ἔτι τούτων πλέονα λέγεται εἶναι, Διονύσῳ δʼ ἐλάχιστα τούτων, καὶ τούτῳ πεντακισχίλια καὶ μύρια λογίζονται εἶναι ἐς Ἄμασιν βασιλέα. καὶ ταῦτα Αἰγύπτιοι ἀτρεκέως φασὶ. ἐπίστασθαι, αἰεί τε λογιζόμενοι καὶ αἰεὶ ἀπογραφόμενοι τὰ ἔτεα. Διονύσῳ μέν νυν τῷ ἐκ Σεμέλης τῆς Κάδμου λεγομένῳ γενέσθαι κατὰ ἑξακόσια ἔτεα καὶ χίλια μάλιστα ἐστὶ ἐς ἐμέ, Ἡρακλέι δὲ τῷ Ἀλκμήνης κατὰ εἰνακόσια ἔτεα· Πανὶ δὲ τῷ ἐκ Πηνελόπης ʽἐκ ταύτης γὰρ καὶ Ἑρμέω λέγεται γενέσθαι ὑπὸ Ἑλλήνων ὁ Πάν’ ἐλάσσω ἔτεα ἐστὶ τῶν Τρωικῶν, κατὰ ὀκτακόσια μάλιστα ἐς ἐμέ.
2.152. τὸν δὲ Ψαμμήτιχον τοῦτον πρότερον φεύγοντα τὸν Αἰθίοπα Σαβακῶν, ὅς οἱ τὸν πατέρα Νεκῶν ἀπέκτεινε, τοῦτον φεύγοντα τότε ἐς Συρίην, ὡς ἀπαλλάχθη ἐκ τῆς ὄψιος τοῦ ὀνείρου ὁ Αἰθίοψ, κατήγαγον Αἰγυπτίων οὗτοι οἳ ἐκ νομοῦ τοῦ Σαΐτεω εἰσί. μετὰ δὲ βασιλεύοντα τὸ δεύτερον πρὸς τῶν ἕνδεκα βασιλέων καταλαμβάνει μιν διὰ τὴν κυνέην φεύγειν ἐς τὰ ἕλεα. ἐπιστάμενος ὦν ὡς περιυβρισμένος εἴη πρὸς αὐτῶν, ἐπενόεε τίσασθαι τοὺς διώξαντας. πέμψαντι δέ οἱ ἐς Βουτοῦν πόλιν ἐς τὸ χρηστήριον τῆς Λητοῦς, ἔνθα δὴ Αἰγυπτίοισι ἐστὶ μαντήιον ἀψευδέστατον, ἦλθε χρησμὸς ὡς τίσις ἥξει ἀπὸ θαλάσσης χαλκέων ἀνδρῶν ἐπιφανέντων. καὶ τῷ μὲν δὴ ἀπιστίη μεγάλη ὑπεκέχυτο χαλκέους οἱ ἄνδρας ἥξειν ἐπικούρους. χρόνου δὲ οὐ πολλοῦ διελθόντος ἀναγκαίη κατέλαβε Ἴωνάς τε καὶ Κᾶρας ἄνδρας κατὰ ληίην ἐκπλώσαντας ἀπενειχθῆναι ἐς Αἴγυπτον, ἐκβάντας δὲ ἐς γῆν καὶ ὁπλισθέντας χαλκῷ ἀγγέλλει τῶν τις Αἰγυπτίων ἐς τὰ ἕλεα ἀπικόμενος τῷ Ψαμμητίχῳ, ὡς οὐκ ἰδὼν πρότερον χαλκῷ ἄνδρας ὁπλισθέντας, ὡς χάλκεοι ἄνδρες ἀπιγμένοι ἀπὸ θαλάσσης λεηλατεῦσι τὸ πεδίον. ὁ δὲ μαθὼν τὸ χρηστήριον ἐπιτελεύμενον φίλα τε τοῖσι Ἴωσι καὶ Καρσὶ ποιέεται καί σφεας μεγάλα ὑπισχνεύμενος πείθει μετʼ ἑωυτοῦ γενέσθαι. ὡς δὲ ἔπεισε, οὕτω ἅμα τοῖσι τὰ ἑωυτοῦ βουλομένοισι Αἰγυπτίοισι καὶ τοῖσι ἐπικούροισι καταιρέει τοὺς βασιλέας.
2.159. παυσάμενος δὲ τῆς διώρυχος ὁ Νεκῶς ἐτράπετο πρὸς στρατηίας, καὶ τριήρεες αἳ μὲν ἐπὶ τῇ βορηίῃ θαλάσσῃ ἐποιήθησαν, αἳ δʼ ἐν τῷ Ἀραβίῳ κόλπῳ ἐπὶ τῇ Ἐρυθρῇ θαλάσσῃ, τῶν ἔτι οἱ ὁλκοὶ ἐπίδηλοι. καὶ ταύτῃσί τε ἐχρᾶτο ἐν τῷ δέοντι καὶ Σύροισι πεζῇ ὁ Νεκῶς συμβαλὼν ἐν Μαγδώλῳ ἐνίκησε, μετὰ δὲ τὴν μάχην Κάδυτιν πόλιν τῆς Συρίης ἐοῦσαν μεγάλην εἷλε. ἐν τῇ δὲ ἐσθῆτι ἔτυχε ταῦτα κατεργασάμενος, ἀνέθηκε τῷ Ἀπόλλωνι πέμψας ἐς Βραγχίδας τὰς Μιλησίων. μετὰ δέ, ἑκκαίδεκα ἔτεα τὰ πάντα ἄρξας, τελευτᾷ, τῷ παιδὶ Ψάμμι παραδοὺς τὴν ἀρχήν.
2.161. ψάμμιος δὲ ἓξ ἔτεα μοῦνον βασιλεύσαντος Αἰγύπτου καὶ στρατευσαμένου ἐς Αἰθιοπίην καὶ μεταυτίκα τελευτήσαντος ἐξεδέξατο Ἀπρίης ὁ Ψάμμιος· ὃς μετὰ Ψαμμήτιχον τὸν ἑωυτοῦ προπάτορα ἐγένετο εὐδαιμονέστατος τῶν πρότερον βασιλέων, ἐπʼ ἔτεα πέντε καὶ εἴκοσι ἄρξας, ἐν τοῖσι ἐπί τε Σιδῶνα στρατὸν ἤλασε καὶ ἐναυμάχησε τῷ Τυρίῳ. ἐπεὶ δέ οἱ ἔδεε κακῶς γενέσθαι, ἐγίνετο ἀπὸ προφάσιος τὴν ἐγὼ μεζόνως μὲν ἐν τοῖσι Λιβυκοῖσι λόγοισι ἀπηγήσομαι, μετρίως δʼ ἐν τῷ παρεόντι. ἀποπέμψας γὰρ στράτευμα ὁ Ἀπρίης ἐπὶ Κυρηναίους μεγαλωστὶ προσέπταισε, Αἰγύπτιοι δὲ ταῦτα ἐπιμεμφόμενοι ἀπέστησαν ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ, δοκέοντες τὸν Ἀπρίην ἐκ προνοίης αὐτοὺς ἀποπέμψαι ἐς φαινόμενον κακόν, ἵνα δὴ σφέων φθορὴ γένηται, αὐτὸς δὲ τῶν λοιπῶν Αἰγυπτίων ἀσφαλέστερον ἄρχοι. ταῦτα δὲ δεινὰ ποιεύμενοι οὗτοί τε οἱ ἀπονοστήσαντες καὶ οἱ τῶν ἀπολομένων φίλοι ἀπέστησαν ἐκ τῆς ἰθέης.
2.169. ἐπείτε δὲ συνιόντες ὅ τε Ἀπρίης ἄγων τοὺς ἐπικούρους καὶ ὁ Ἄμασις πάντας Αἰγυπτίους ἀπίκοντο ἐς Μώμεμφιν πόλιν, συνέβαλον· καὶ ἐμαχέσαντο μὲν εὖ οἱ ξεῖνοι, πλήθεϊ δὲ πολλῷ ἐλάσσονες ἐόντες κατὰ τοῦτο ἑσσώθησαν. Ἀπρίεω δὲ λέγεται εἶναι ἥδε διάνοια, μηδʼ ἂν θεόν μιν μηδένα δύνασθαι παῦσαι τῆς βασιληίης· οὕτω ἀσφαλέως ἑωυτῷ ἱδρῦσθαι ἐδόκεε. καὶ δὴ τότε συμβαλὼν ἑσσώθη καὶ ζωγρηθεὶς ἀπήχθη ἐς Σάιν πόλιν, ἐς τὰ ἑωυτοῦ οἰκία πρότερον ἐόντα, τότε δὲ Ἀμάσιος ἤδη βασιληία. ἐνθαῦτα δὲ τέως μὲν ἐτρέφετο ἐν τοῖσι βασιληίοισι, καί μιν Ἄμασις εὖ περιεῖπε· τέλος δὲ μεμφομένων Αἰγυπτίων ὡς οὐ ποιέοι δίκαια τρέφων τὸν σφίσι τε καὶ ἑωυτῷ ἔχθιστον, οὕτω δὴ παραδιδοῖ τὸν Ἀπρίην τοῖσι Αἰγυπτίοισι. οἳ δέ μιν ἀπέπνιξαν καὶ ἔπειτα ἔθαψαν ἐν τῇσι πατρωίῃσι ταφῇσι· αἳ δὲ εἰσὶ ἐν τῷ ἱρῷ τῆς Ἀθηναίης, ἀγχοτάτω τοῦ μεγάρου, ἐσιόντι ἀριστερῆς χειρός. ἔθαψαν δὲ Σαῗται πάντας τοὺς ἐκ νομοῦ τούτου γενομένους βασιλέας ἔσω ἐν τῷ ἱρῷ. καὶ γὰρ τὸ τοῦ Ἀμάσιος σῆμα ἑκαστέρω μὲν ἐστὶ τοῦ μεγάρου ἢ τὸ τοῦ Ἀπρίεω καὶ τῶν τούτου προπατόρων, ἔστι μέντοι καὶ τοῦτο ἐν τῇ αὐλῇ τοῦ ἱροῦ, παστὰς λιθίνη μεγάλη καὶ ἠσκημένη στύλοισί τε φοίνικας τὰ δένδρεα μεμιμημένοισι καὶ τῇ ἄλλῃ δαπάνῃ· ἔσω δὲ ἐν τῇ παστάδι διξὰ θυρώματα ἕστηκε, ἐν δὲ τοῖσι θυρώμασι ἡ θήκη ἐστί. 2.170. εἰσὶ δὲ καὶ αἱ ταφαὶ τοῦ οὐκ ὅσιον ποιεῦμαι ἐπὶ τοιούτῳ πρήγματι ἐξαγορεύειν τὸ οὔνομα ἐν Σάι, ἐν τῷ ἱρῷ τῆς Ἀθηναίης, ὄπισθε τοῦ νηοῦ, παντὸς τοῦ τῆς Ἀθηναίης ἐχόμεναι τοίχου. καὶ ἐν τῷ τεμένεϊ ὀβελοὶ ἑστᾶσι μεγάλοι λίθινοι, λίμνη τε ἐστὶ ἐχομένη λιθίνῃ κρηπῖδι κεκοσμημένη καὶ ἐργασμένη εὖ κύκλῳ καὶ μέγαθος, ὡς ἐμοὶ ἐδόκεε, ὅση περ ἡ ἐν Δήλῳ ἡ τροχοειδὴς καλεομένη. 2.171. ἐν δὲ τῇ λίμνῃ ταύτῃ τὰ δείκηλα τῶν παθέων αὐτοῦ νυκτὸς ποιεῦσι, τὰ καλέουσι μυστήρια Αἰγύπτιοι. περὶ μέν νυν τούτων εἰδότι μοι ἐπὶ πλέον ὡς ἕκαστα αὐτῶν ἔχει, εὔστομα κείσθω. καὶ τῆς Δήμητρος τελετῆς πέρι, τὴν οἱ Ἕλληνες θεσμοφόρια καλέουσι, καὶ ταύτης μοι πέρι εὔστομα κείσθω, πλὴν ὅσον αὐτῆς ὁσίη ἐστὶ λέγειν· αἱ Δαναοῦ θυγατέρες ἦσαν αἱ τὴν τελετὴν ταύτην ἐξ Αἰγύπτου ἐξαγαγοῦσαι καὶ διδάξασαι τὰς Πελασγιώτιδας γυναῖκας· μετὰ δὲ ἐξαναστάσης πάσης Πελοποννήσου 1 ὑπὸ Δωριέων ἐξαπώλετο ἡ τελετή, οἱ δὲ ὑπολειφθέντες Πελοποννησίων καὶ οὐκ ἐξαναστάντες Ἀρκάδες διέσωζον αὐτὴν μοῦνοι.
2.181. Κυρηναίοισι δὲ Ἄμασις φιλότητά τε καὶ συμμαχίην συνεθήκατο, ἐδικαίωσε δὲ καὶ γῆμαι αὐτόθεν, εἴτʼ ἐπιθυμήσας Ἑλληνίδος γυναικὸς εἴτε καὶ ἄλλως φιλότητος Κυρηναίων εἵνεκα· γαμέει δὲ ὦν οἳ μὲν λέγουσι Βάττου οἳ δʼ Ἀρκεσίλεω θυγατέρα, οἳ δὲ Κριτοβούλου ἀνδρὸς τῶν ἀστῶν δοκίμου, τῇ οὔνομα ἦν Λαδίκη· τῇ ἐπείτε συγκλίνοιτο ὁ Ἄμασις, μίσγεσθαι οὐκ οἷός τε ἐγίνετο, τῇσι δὲ ἄλλῃσι γυναιξὶ ἐχρᾶτο. ἐπείτε δὲ πολλὸν τοῦτο ἐγίνετο, εἶπε ὁ Ἄμασις πρὸς τὴν Λαδίκην ταύτην καλεομένην, “ὦ γύναι, κατά με ἐφάρμαξας, καὶ ἔστι τοι οὐδεμία μηχανὴ μὴ οὐκ ἀπολωλέναι κάκιστα γυναικῶν πασέων.” ἡ δὲ Λαδίκη, ἐπείτε οἱ ἀρνευμένῃ οὐδὲν ἐγίνετο πρηΰτερος ὁ Ἄμασις, εὔχεται ἐν τῷ νόῳ τῇ Ἀφροδίτῃ, ἤν οἱ ὑπʼ ἐκείνην τὴν νύκτα μιχθῇ ὁ Ἄμασις, τοῦτο γάρ οἱ κακοῦ εἶναι μῆχος, ἄγαλμά οἱ ἀποπέμψειν ἐς Κυρήνην. μετὰ δὲ τὴν εὐχὴν αὐτίκα οἱ ἐμίχθη ὁ Ἄμασις. καὶ τὸ ἐνθεῦτεν ἤδη, ὁκότε ἔλθοι Ἄμασις πρὸς αὐτήν, ἐμίσγετο, καὶ κάρτα μιν ἔστερξε μετὰ τοῦτο. ἡ δὲ Λαδίκη ἀπέδωκε τὴν εὐχὴν τῇ θεῷ· ποιησαμένη γὰρ ἄγαλμα ἀπέπεμψε ἐς Κυρήνην, τὸ ἔτι καὶ ἐς ἐμὲ ἦν σόον, ἔξω τετραμμένον τοῦ Κυρηναίων ἄστεος. ταύτην τὴν Λαδίκην, ὡς ἐπεκράτησε Καμβύσης Αἰγύπτου καὶ ἐπύθετο αὐτῆς ἥτις εἴη, ἀπέπεμψε ἀσινέα ἐς Κυρήνην.
2.182. ἀνέθηκε δὲ καὶ ἀναθήματα ὁ Ἄμασις ἐς τὴν Ἑλλάδα, τοῦτο μὲν ἐς Κυρήνην ἄγαλμα ἐπίχρυσον Ἀθηναίης καὶ εἰκόνας ἑωυτοῦ γραφῇ εἰκασμένην, τοῦτο δὲ τῇ ἐν Λίνδῳ Ἀθηναίῃ δύο τε ἀγάλματα λίθινα καὶ θώρηκα λίνεον ἀξιοθέητον, τοῦτο δʼ ἐς Σάμον τῇ Ἥρῃ εἰκόνας ἑωυτοῦ διφασίας ξυλίνας, αἳ ἐν τῷ νηῷ τῷ μεγάλῳ ἱδρύατο ἔτι καὶ τὸ μέχρι ἐμεῦ, ὄπισθε τῶν θυρέων. ἐς μέν νυν Σάμον ἀνέθηκε κατὰ ξεινίην τὴν ἑωυτοῦ τε καὶ Πολυκράτεος τοῦ Αἰάκεος, ἐς δὲ Λίνδον ξεινίης μὲν οὐδεμιῆς εἵνεκεν, ὅτι δὲ τὸ ἱρὸν τὸ ἐν Λίνδῳ τὸ τῆς Ἀθηναίης λέγεται τὰς Δαναοῦ θυγατέρας ἱδρύσασθαι προσσχούσας, ὅτε ἀπεδίδρησκον τοὺς Αἰγύπτου παῖδας. ταῦτα μὲν ἀνέθηκε ὁ Ἄμασις, εἷλε δὲ Κύπρον πρῶτος ἀνθρώπων καὶ κατεστρέψατο ἐς φόρου ἀπαγωγήν.
3.37. ὃ μὲν δὴ τοιαῦτα πολλὰ ἐς Πέρσας τε καὶ τοὺς συμμάχους ἐξεμαίνετο, μένων ἐν Μέμφι καὶ θήκας τε παλαιὰς ἀνοίγων καὶ σκεπτόμενος τοὺς νεκρούς. ὣς δὲ δὴ καὶ ἐς τοῦ Ἡφαίστου τὸ ἱρὸν ἦλθε καὶ πολλὰ τῷ ἀγάλματι κατεγέλασε. ἔστι γὰρ τοῦ Ἡφαίστου τὤγαλμα τοῖσι Φοινικηίοισι Παταΐκοισι ἐμφερέστατον, τοὺς οἱ Φοίνικες ἐν τῇσι πρῴρῃσι τῶν τριηρέων περιάγουσι. ὃς δὲ τούτους μὴ ὄπωπε, ὧδε σημανέω· πυγμαίου ἀνδρὸς μίμησις ἐστί. ἐσῆλθε δὲ καὶ ἐς τῶν Καβείρων τὸ ἱρόν, ἐς τὸ οὐ θεμιτόν ἐστι ἐσιέναι ἄλλον γε ἢ τὸν ἱρέα· ταῦτα δὲ τὰ ἀγάλματα καὶ ἐνέπρησε πολλὰ κατασκώψας. ἔστι δὲ καὶ ταῦτα ὅμοια τοῖσι τοῦ Ἡφαίστου· τούτου δὲ σφέας παῖδας λέγουσι εἶναι.
3.40. καί κως τὸν Ἄμασιν εὐτυχέων μεγάλως ὁ Πολυκράτης οὐκ ἐλάνθανε, ἀλλά οἱ τοῦτʼ ἦν ἐπιμελές. πολλῷ δὲ ἔτι πλεῦνός οἱ εὐτυχίης γινομένης γράψας ἐς βυβλίον τάδε ἐπέστειλε ἐς Σάμον. “Ἄμασις Πολυκράτεϊ ὧδε λέγει. ἡδὺ μὲν πυνθάνεσθαι ἄνδρα φίλον καὶ ξεῖνον εὖ πρήσσοντα· ἐμοὶ δὲ αἱ σαὶ μεγάλαι εὐτυχίαι οὐκ ἀρέσκουσι, τὸ θεῖον ἐπισταμένῳ ὡς ἔστι φθονερόν· καί κως βούλομαι καὶ αὐτὸς καὶ τῶν ἂν κήδωμαι τὸ μέν τι εὐτυχέειν τῶν πρηγμάτων τὸ δὲ προσπταίειν, καὶ οὕτω διαφέρειν τὸν αἰῶνα ἐναλλὰξ πρήσσων ἢ εὐτυχέειν τὰ πάντα. οὐδένα γάρ κω λόγῳ οἶδα ἀκούσας ὅστις ἐς τέλος οὐ κακῶς ἐτελεύτησε πρόρριζος, εὐτυχέων τὰ πάντα. σύ νυν ἐμοὶ πειθόμενος ποίησον πρὸς τὰς εὐτυχίας τοιάδε· φροντίσας τὸ ἂν εὕρῃς ἐόν τοι πλείστου ἄξιον καὶ ἐπʼ ᾧ σὺ ἀπολομένῳ μάλιστα τὴν ψυχὴν ἀλγήσεις, τοῦτο ἀπόβαλε οὕτω ὅκως μηκέτι ἥξει ἐς ἀνθρώπους· ἤν τε μὴ ἐναλλὰξ ἤδη τὠπὸ τούτου αἱ εὐτυχίαι τοι τῇσι πάθῃσι προσπίπτωσι, τρόπῳ τῷ ἐξ ἐμεῦ ὑποκειμένῳ ἀκέο.” 3.41. ταῦτα ἐπιλεξάμενος ὁ Πολυκράτης καὶ νόῳ λαβὼν ὥς οἱ εὖ ὑπετίθετο Ἄμασις, ἐδίζητο ἐπʼ ᾧ ἂν μάλιστα τὴν ψυχὴν ἀσηθείη ἀπολομένῳ τῶν κειμηλίων, διζήμενος δὲ εὕρισκε τόδε. ἦν οἱ σφρηγὶς τὴν ἐφόρεε χρυσόδετος, σμαράγδου μὲν λίθου ἐοῦσα, ἔργον δὲ ἦν Θεοδώρου τοῦ Τηλεκλέος Σαμίου. ἐπεὶ ὦν ταύτην οἱ ἐδόκεε ἀποβαλεῖν, ἐποίεε τοιάδε· πεντηκόντερον πληρώσας ἀνδρῶν ἐσέβη ἐς αὐτήν, μετὰ δὲ ἀναγαγεῖν ἐκέλευε ἐς τὸ πέλαγος· ὡς δὲ ἀπὸ τῆς νήσου ἑκὰς ἐγένετο, περιελόμενος τὴν σφρηγῖδα πάντων ὁρώντων τῶν συμπλόων ῥίπτει ἐς τὸ πέλαγος. τοῦτο δὲ ποιήσας ἀπέπλεε, ἀπικόμενος δὲ ἐς τὰ οἰκία συμφορῇ ἐχρᾶτο. 3.42. πέμπτῃ δὲ ἢ ἕκτῃ ἡμέρῃ ἀπὸ τούτων τάδε οἱ συνήνεικε γενέσθαι. ἀνὴρ ἁλιεὺς λαβὼν ἰχθὺν μέγαν τε καὶ καλὸν ἠξίου μιν Πολυκράτεϊ δῶρον δοθῆναι· φέρων δὴ ἐπὶ τὰς θύρας Πολυκράτεϊ ἔφη ἐθέλειν ἐλθεῖν ἐς ὄψιν, χωρήσαντος δέ οἱ τούτου ἔλεγε διδοὺς τὸν ἰχθύν “ὦ βασιλεῦ, ἐγὼ τόνδε ἑλὼν οὐκ ἐδικαίωσα φέρειν ἐς ἀγορήν, καίπερ ἐὼν ἀποχειροβίοτος, ἀλλά μοι ἐδόκεε σεῦ τε εἶναι ἄξιος καὶ τῆς σῆς ἀρχῆς· σοὶ δή μιν φέρων δίδωμι.” ὁ δὲ ἡσθεὶς τοῖσι ἔπεσι ἀμείβεται τοῖσιδε. “κάρτα τε εὖ ἐποίησας καὶ χάρις διπλῆ τῶν τε λόγων καὶ τοῦ δώρου, καί σε ἐπὶ δεῖπνον καλέομεν.” ὃ μὲν δὴ ἁλιεὺς μέγα ποιεύμενος ταῦτα ἤιε ἐς τὰ οἰκία, τὸν δὲ ἰχθὺν τάμνοντες οἱ θεράποντες εὑρίσκουσι ἐν τῇ νηδύι αὐτοῦ ἐνεοῦσαν τὴν Πολυκράτεος σφρηγῖδα. ὡς δὲ εἶδόν τε καὶ ἔλαβον τάχιστα, ἔφερον κεχαρηκότες παρὰ τὸν Πολυκράτεα, διδόντες δέ οἱ τὴν σφρηγῖδα ἔλεγον ὅτεῳ τρόπῳ εὑρέθη. τὸν δὲ ὡς ἐσῆλθε θεῖον εἶναι τὸ πρῆγμα, γράφει ἐς βυβλίον πάντα τὰ ποιήσαντά μιν οἷα καταλελάβηκε, γράψας δὲ ἐς Αἴγυπτον ἐπέθηκε. 3.43. ἐπιλεξάμενος δὲ ὁ Ἄμασις τὸ βυβλίον τὸ παρὰ τοῦ Πολυκράτεος ἧκον, ἔμαθε ὅτι ἐκκομίσαι τε ἀδύνατον εἴη ἀνθρώπῳ ἄνθρωπον ἐκ τοῦ μέλλοντος γίνεσθαι πρήγματος, καὶ ὅτι οὐκ εὖ τελευτήσειν μέλλοι Πολυκράτης εὐτυχέων τὰ πάντα, ὃς καὶ τὰ ἀποβάλλει εὑρίσκει. πέμψας δέ οἱ κήρυκα ἐς Σάμον διαλύεσθαι ἔφη τὴν ξεινίην. τοῦδε δὲ εἵνεκεν ταῦτα ἐποίεε, ἵνα μὴ συντυχίης δεινῆς τε καὶ μεγάλης Πολυκράτεα καταλαβούσης αὐτὸς ἀλγήσειε τὴν ψυχὴν ὡς περὶ ξείνου ἀνδρός.
3.64. ἐνθαῦτα ἀκούσαντα Καμβύσεα τὸ Σμέρδιος οὔνομα ἔτυψε ἡ ἀληθείη τῶν τε λόγων καὶ τοῦ ἐνυπνίου· ὃς ἐδόκεε ἐν τῷ ὕπνῳ ἀπαγγεῖλαι τινά οἱ ὡς Σμέρδις ἱζόμενος ἐς τὸν βασιλήιον θρόνον ψαύσειε τῇ κεφαλῇ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ. μαθὼν δὲ ὡς μάτην ἀπολωλεκὼς εἴη τὸν ἀδελφεόν, ἀπέκλαιε Σμέρδιν· ἀποκλαύσας δὲ καὶ περιημεκτήσας τῇ ἁπάσῃ συμφορῇ ἀναθρώσκει ἐπὶ τὸν ἵππον, ἐν νόῳ ἔχων τὴν ταχίστην ἐς Σοῦσα στρατεύεσθαι ἐπὶ τὸν Μάγον. καί οἱ ἀναθρώσκοντι ἐπὶ τὸν ἵππον τοῦ κολεοῦ τοῦ ξίφεος ὁ μύκης ἀποπίπτει, γυμνωθὲν δὲ τὸ ξίφος παίει τὸν μηρόν· τρωματισθεὶς δὲ κατὰ τοῦτο τῇ αὐτὸς πρότερον τὸν τῶν Αἰγυπτίων θεὸν Ἆπιν ἔπληξε, ὥς οἱ καιρίῃ ἔδοξε τετύφθαι, εἴρετο ὁ Καμβύσης ὅ τι τῇ πόλι οὔνομα εἴη· οἳ δὲ εἶπαν ὅτι Ἀγβάτανα. τῷ δὲ ἔτι πρότερον ἐκέχρηστο ἐκ Βουτοῦς πόλιος ἐν Ἀγβατάνοισι τελευτήσειν τὸν βίον. ὃ μὲν δὴ ἐν τοῖσι Μηδικοῖσι Ἀγβατάνοισι ἐδόκεε τελευτήσειν γηραιός, ἐν τοῖσί οἱ ἦν τὰ πάντα πρήγματα· τὸ δὲ χρηστήριον ἐν τοῖσι ἐν Συρίῃ Ἀγβατάνοισι ἔλεγε ἄρα. καὶ δὴ ὡς τότε ἐπειρόμενος ἐπύθετο τῆς πόλιος τὸ οὔνομα, ὑπὸ τῆς συμφορῆς τῆς τε ἐκ τοῦ Μάγου ἐκπεπληγμένος καὶ τοῦ τρώματος ἐσωφρόνησε, συλλαβὼν δὲ τὸ θεοπρόπιον εἶπε “ἐνθαῦτα Καμβύσεα τὸν Κύρου ἐστὶ πεπρωμένον τελευτᾶν.”
3.80. ἐπείτε δὲ κατέστη ὁ θόρυβος καὶ ἐκτὸς πέντε ἡμερέων ἐγένετο, ἐβουλεύοντο οἱ ἐπαναστάντες τοῖσι Μάγοισι περὶ τῶν πάντων πρηγμάτων καὶ ἐλέχθησαν λόγοι ἄπιστοι μὲν ἐνίοισι Ἑλλήνων, ἐλέχθησαν δʼ ὦν. Ὀτάνης μὲν ἐκέλευε ἐς μέσον Πέρσῃσι καταθεῖναι τὰ πρήγματα, λέγων τάδε. “ἐμοὶ δοκέει ἕνα μὲν ἡμέων μούναρχον μηκέτι γενέσθαι. οὔτε γὰρ ἡδὺ οὔτε ἀγαθόν. εἴδετε μὲν γὰρ τὴν Καμβύσεω ὕβριν ἐπʼ ὅσον ἐπεξῆλθε, μετεσχήκατε δὲ καὶ τῆς τοῦ Μάγου ὕβριος. κῶς δʼ ἂν εἴη χρῆμα κατηρτημένον μουναρχίη, τῇ ἔξεστι ἀνευθύνῳ ποιέειν τὰ βούλεται; καὶ γὰρ ἂν τὸν ἄριστον ἀνδρῶν πάντων στάντα ἐς ταύτην ἐκτὸς τῶν ἐωθότων νοημάτων στήσειε. ἐγγίνεται μὲν γάρ οἱ ὕβρις ὑπὸ τῶν παρεόντων ἀγαθῶν, φθόνος δὲ ἀρχῆθεν ἐμφύεται ἀνθρώπῳ. δύο δʼ ἔχων ταῦτα ἔχει πᾶσαν κακότητα· τὰ μὲν γὰρ ὕβρι κεκορημένος ἔρδει πολλὰ καὶ ἀτάσθαλα, τὰ δὲ φθόνῳ. καίτοι ἄνδρα γε τύραννον ἄφθονον ἔδει εἶναι, ἔχοντά γε πάντα τὰ ἀγαθά. τὸ δὲ ὑπεναντίον τούτου ἐς τοὺς πολιήτας πέφυκε· φθονέει γὰρ τοῖσι ἀρίστοισι περιεοῦσί τε καὶ ζώουσι, χαίρει δὲ τοῖσι κακίστοισι τῶν ἀστῶν, διαβολὰς δὲ ἄριστος ἐνδέκεσθαι. ἀναρμοστότατον δὲ πάντων· ἤν τε γὰρ αὐτὸν μετρίως θωμάζῃς, ἄχθεται ὅτι οὐ κάρτα θεραπεύεται, ἤν τε θεραπεύῃ τις κάρτα, ἄχθεται ἅτε θωπί. τὰ δὲ δὴ μέγιστα ἔρχομαι ἐρέων· νόμαιά τε κινέει πάτρια καὶ βιᾶται γυναῖκας κτείνει τε ἀκρίτους. πλῆθος δὲ ἄρχον πρῶτα μὲν οὔνομα πάντων κάλλιστον ἔχει, ἰσονομίην, δεύτερα δὲ τούτων τῶν ὁ μούναρχος ποιέει οὐδέν· πάλῳ μὲν ἀρχὰς ἄρχει, ὑπεύθυνον δὲ ἀρχὴν ἔχει, βουλεύματα δὲ πάντα ἐς τὸ κοινὸν ἀναφέρει. τίθεμαι ὦν γνώμην μετέντας ἡμέας μουναρχίην τὸ πλῆθος ἀέξειν· ἐν γὰρ τῷ πολλῷ ἔνι τὰ πάντα.” 3.81. Ὀτάνης μὲν δὴ ταύτην γνώμην ἐσέφερε· Μεγάβυζος δὲ ὀλιγαρχίῃ ἐκέλευε ἐπιτρέπειν, λέγων τάδε. “τὰ μὲν Ὀτάνης εἶπε τυραννίδα παύων, λελέχθω κἀμοὶ ταῦτα, τὰ δʼ ἐς τὸ πλῆθος ἄνωγε φέρειν τὸ κράτος, γνώμης τῆς ἀρίστης ἡμάρτηκε· ὁμίλου γὰρ ἀχρηίου οὐδέν ἐστι ἀξυνετώτερον οὐδὲ ὑβριστότερον. καίτοι τυράννου ὕβριν φεύγοντας ἄνδρας ἐς δήμου ἀκολάστου ὕβριν πεσεῖν ἐστὶ οὐδαμῶς ἀνασχετόν. ὃ μὲν γὰρ εἴ τι ποιέει, γινώσκων ποιέει, τῷ δὲ οὐδὲ γινώσκειν ἔνι· κῶς γὰρ ἂν γινώσκοι ὃς οὔτʼ ἐδιδάχθη οὔτε εἶδε καλὸν οὐδὲν οἰκήιον, 1 ὠθέει τε ἐμπεσὼν τὰ πρήγματα ἄνευ νόου, χειμάρρῳ ποταμῷ εἴκελος; δήμῳ μέν νυν, οἳ Πέρσῃσι κακὸν νοέουσι, οὗτοι χράσθων, ἡμεῖς δὲ ἀνδρῶν τῶν ἀρίστων ἐπιλέξαντες ὁμιλίην τούτοισι περιθέωμεν τὸ κράτος· ἐν γὰρ δὴ τούτοισι καὶ αὐτοὶ ἐνεσόμεθα· ἀρίστων δὲ ἀνδρῶν οἰκὸς ἄριστα βουλεύματα γίνεσθαι.” 3.82. Μεγάβυζος μὲν δὴ ταύτην γνώμην ἐσέφερε· τρίτος δὲ Δαρεῖος ἀπεδείκνυτο γνώμην, λέγων “ἐμοὶ δὲ τὰ μὲν εἶπε Μεγάβυζος ἐς τὸ πλῆθος ἔχοντα δοκέει ὀρθῶς λέξαι, τὰ δὲ ἐς ὀλιγαρχίην οὐκ ὀρθῶς. τριῶν γὰρ προκειμένων καὶ πάντων τῷ λόγῳ ἀρίστων ἐόντων, δήμου τε ἀρίστου καὶ ὀλιγαρχίης καὶ μουνάρχου, πολλῷ τοῦτο προέχειν λέγω. ἀνδρὸς γὰρ ἑνὸς τοῦ ἀρίστου οὐδὲν ἄμεινον ἂν φανείη· γνώμῃ γὰρ τοιαύτῃ χρεώμενος ἐπιτροπεύοι ἂν ἀμωμήτως τοῦ πλήθεος, σιγῷτό τε ἂν βουλεύματα ἐπὶ δυσμενέας ἄνδρας οὕτω μάλιστα. ἐν δὲ ὀλιγαρχίῃ πολλοῖσι ἀρετὴν ἐπασκέουσι ἐς τὸ κοινὸν ἔχθεα ἴδια ἰσχυρὰ φιλέει ἐγγίνεσθαι· αὐτὸς γὰρ ἕκαστος βουλόμενος κορυφαῖος εἶναι γνώμῃσί τε νικᾶν ἐς ἔχθεα μεγάλα ἀλλήλοισι ἀπικνέονται, ἐξ ὧν στάσιες ἐγγίνονται, ἐκ δὲ τῶν στασίων φόνος· ἐκ δὲ τοῦ φόνου ἀπέβη ἐς μουναρχίην, καὶ ἐν τούτῳ διέδεξε ὅσῳ ἐστὶ τοῦτο ἄριστον. δήμου τε αὖ ἄρχοντος ἀδύνατα μὴ οὐ κακότητα ἐγγίνεσθαι· κακότητος τοίνυν ἐγγινομένης ἐς τὰ κοινὰ ἔχθεα μὲν οὐκ ἐγγίνεται τοῖσι κακοῖσι, φιλίαι δὲ ἰσχυραί· οἱ γὰρ κακοῦντες τὰ κοινὰ συγκύψαντες ποιεῦσι. τοῦτο δὲ τοιοῦτο γίνεται ἐς ὃ ἂν προστάς τις τοῦ δήμου τοὺς τοιούτους παύσῃ. ἐκ δὲ αὐτῶν θωμάζεται οὗτος δὴ ὑπὸ τοῦ δήμου, θωμαζόμενος δὲ ἀνʼ ὦν ἐφάνη μούναρχος ἐών, καὶ ἐν τούτῳ δηλοῖ καὶ οὗτος ὡς ἡ μουναρχίη κράτιστον. ἑνὶ δὲ ἔπεϊ πάντα συλλαβόντα εἰπεῖν, κόθεν ἡμῖν ἡ ἐλευθερίη ἐγένετο καὶ τεῦ δόντος; κότερα παρὰ τοῦ δήμου ἢ ὀλιγαρχίης ἢ μουνάρχου; ἔχω τοίνυν γνώμην ἡμέας ἐλευθερωθέντας διὰ ἕνα ἄνδρα τὸ τοιοῦτο περιστέλλειν, χωρίς τε τούτου πατρίους νόμους μὴ λύειν ἔχοντας εὖ· οὐ γὰρ ἄμεινον.” 3.83. γνῶμαι μὲν δὴ τρεῖς αὗται προεκέατο, οἱ δὲ τέσσερες τῶν ἑπτὰ ἀνδρῶν προσέθεντο ταύτῃ. ὡς δὲ ἑσσώθη τῇ γνώμῃ ὁ Ὀτάνης Πέρσῃσι ἰσονομίην σπεύδων ποιῆσαι, ἔλεξε ἐς μέσον αὐτοῖσι τάδε. “ἄνδρες στασιῶται, δῆλα γὰρ δὴ ὅτι δεῖ ἕνα γε τινὰ ἡμέων βασιλέα γενέσθαι, ἤτοι κλήρῳ γε λαχόντα, ἢ ἐπιτρεψάντων τῷ Περσέων πλήθεϊ τὸν ἂν ἐκεῖνο ἕληται, ἢ ἄλλῃ τινὶ μηχανῇ. ἐγὼ μέν νυν ὑμῖν οὐκ ἐναγωνιεῦμαι· οὔτε γὰρ ἄρχειν οὔτε ἄρχεσθαι ἐθέλω· ἐπὶ τούτῳ δὲ ὑπεξίσταμαι τῆς ἀρχῆς, ἐπʼ ᾧ τε ὑπʼ οὐδενὸς ὑμέων ἄρξομαι, οὔτε αὐτὸς ἐγὼ οὔτε οἱ ἀπʼ ἐμεῦ αἰεὶ γινόμενοι.” τούτου εἴπαντος ταῦτα ὡς συνεχώρεον οἱ ἓξ ἐπὶ τούτοισι, οὗτος μὲν δή σφι οὐκ ἐνηγωνίζετο ἀλλʼ ἐκ μέσου κατῆστο, καὶ νῦν αὕτη ἡ οἰκίη διατελέει μούνη ἐλευθέρη ἐοῦσα Περσέων καὶ ἄρχεται τοσαῦτα ὅσα αὐτὴ θέλει, νόμους οὐκ ὑπερβαίνουσα τοὺς Περσέων.
3.89. ποιήσας δὲ ταῦτα ἐν Πέρσῃσι ἀρχὰς κατεστήσατο εἴκοσι, τὰς αὐτοὶ καλέουσι σατραπηίας· καταστήσας δὲ τὰς ἀρχὰς καὶ ἄρχοντας ἐπιστήσας ἐτάξατο φόρους οἱ προσιέναι κατὰ ἔθνεά τε καὶ πρὸς τοῖσι ἔθνεσι τοὺς πλησιοχώρους προστάσσων, καὶ ὑπερβαίνων τοὺς προσεχέας τὰ ἑκαστέρω ἄλλοισι ἄλλα ἔθνεα νέμων. ἀρχὰς δὲ καὶ φόρων πρόσοδον τὴν ἐπέτειον κατὰ τάδε διεῖλε. τοῖσι μὲν αὐτῶν ἀργύριον ἀπαγινέουσι εἴρητο Βαβυλώνιον σταθμὸν τάλαντον ἀπαγινέειν, τοῖσι δὲ χρυσίον ἀπαγινέουσι Εὐβοϊκόν. τὸ δὲ Βαβυλώνιον τάλαντον δύναται Εὐβοΐδας ὀκτὼ καὶ ἑβδομήκοντα μνέας. 1 ἐπὶ γὰρ Κύρου ἄρχοντος καὶ αὖτις Καμβύσεω ἦν κατεστηκὸς οὐδὲν φόρου πέρι, ἀλλὰ δῶρα ἀγίνεον. διὰ δὲ ταύτην τὴν ἐπίταξιν τοῦ φόρου καὶ παραπλήσια ταύτῃ ἄλλα λέγουσι Πέρσαι ὡς Δαρεῖος μὲν ἦν κάπηλος, Καμβύσης δὲ δεσπότης, Κῦρος δὲ πατήρ, ὃ μὲν ὅτι ἐκαπήλευε πάντα τὰ πρήγματα, ὁ δὲ ὅτι χαλεπός τε ἦν καὶ ὀλίγωρος, ὁ δὲ ὅτι ἤπιός τε καὶ ἀγαθά σφι πάντα ἐμηχανήσατο.
3.97. αὗται μὲν ἀρχαί τε ἦσαν καὶ φόρων ἐπιτάξιες. ἡ Περσὶς δὲ χώρη μούνη μοι οὐκ εἴρηται δασμοφόρος· ἀτελέα γὰρ Πέρσαι νέμονται χώρην. οἵδε δὲ φόρον μὲν οὐδένα ἐτάχθησαν φέρειν, δῶρα δὲ ἀγίνεον· Αἰθίοπες οἱ πρόσουροι Αἰγύπτῳ, τοὺς Καμβύσης ἐλαύνων ἐπὶ τοὺς μακροβίους Αἰθίοπας κατεστρέψατο, οἵ τε 1 περί τε Νύσην τὴν ἱρὴν κατοίκηνται καὶ τῷ Διονύσῳ ἀνάγουσι τὰς ὁρτάς· οὗτοι οἱ Αἰθίοπες καὶ οἱ πλησιόχωροι τούτοισι σπέρματι μὲν χρέωνται τῷ αὐτῷ τῷ καὶ οἱ Καλλαντίαι Ἰνδοί, οἰκήματα δὲ ἔκτηνται κατάγαια. 2 οὗτοι συναμφότεροι διὰ τρίτου ἔτεος ἀγίνεον, ἀγινέουσι δὲ καὶ τὸ μέχρι ἐμεῦ, δύο χοίνικας ἀπύρου χρυσίου καὶ διηκοσίας φάλαγγας ἐβένου καὶ πέντε παῖδας Αἰθίοπας καὶ ἐλέφαντος ὀδόντας μεγάλους εἴκοσι. Κόλχοι δὲ τὰ ἐτάξαντο ἐς τὴν δωρεὴν καὶ οἱ προσεχέες μέχρι Καυκάσιος ὄρεος ʽἐς τοῦτο γὰρ τὸ ὄρος ὑπὸ Πέρσῃσι ἄρχεται, τὰ δὲ πρὸς βορέην ἄνεμον τοῦ Καυκάσιος Περσέων οὐδὲν ἔτι φροντίζει ʽ, οὗτοι ὦν δῶρα τὰ ἐτάξαντο ἔτι καὶ ἐς ἐμὲ διὰ πεντετηρίδος ἀγίνεον, ἑκατὸν παῖδας καὶ ἑκατὸν παρθένους. Ἀράβιοι δὲ χίλια τάλαντα ἀγίνεον λιβανωτοῦ ἀνὰ πᾶν ἔτος. ταῦτα μὲν οὗτοι δῶρα πάρεξ τοῦ φόρου βασιλέι ἐκόμιζον.
3.121. οἱ δὲ ἐλάσσονες λέγουσι πέμψαι Ὀροίτεα ἐς Σάμον κήρυκα ὅτευ δὴ χρήματος δεησόμενον ʽοὐ γὰρ ὦν δὴ τοῦτό γε λέγεταἰ, καὶ τὸν Πολυκράτεα τυχεῖν κατακείμενον ἐν ἀνδρεῶνι, παρεῖναι δέ οἱ καὶ Ἀνακρέοντα τὸν Τήιον· καί κως εἴτʼ ἐκ προνοίης αὐτὸν κατηλογέοντα τὰ Ὀροίτεω πρήγματα, εἴτε καὶ συντυχίη τις τοιαύτη ἐπεγένετο· τόν τε γὰρ κήρυκα τὸν Ὀροίτεω παρελθόντα διαλέγεσθαι, καὶ τὸν Πολυκράτεα ʽτυχεῖν γὰρ ἀπεστραμμένον πρὸς τὸν τοῖχον’ οὔτε τι μεταστραφῆναι οὔτε ὑποκρίνασθαι. 3.122. αἰτίαι μὲν δὴ αὗται διφάσιαι λέγονται τοῦ θανάτου τοῦ Πολυκράτεος γενέσθαι, πάρεστι δὲ πείθεσθαι ὁκοτέρῃ τις βούλεται αὐτέων. ὁ δὲ ὦν Ὀροίτης ἱζόμενος ἐν Μαγνησίῃ τῇ ὑπὲρ Μαιάνδρου ποταμοῦ οἰκημένῃ ἔπεμπε Μύρσον τὸν Γύγεω ἄνδρα Λυδὸν ἐς Σάμον ἀγγελίην φέροντα, μαθὼν τοῦ Πολυκράτεος τὸν νόον. Πολυκράτης γὰρ ἐστὶ πρῶτος τῶν ἡμεῖς ἴδμεν Ἑλλήνων ὃς θαλασσοκρατέειν ἐπενοήθη, πάρεξ Μίνωός τε τοῦ Κνωσσίου καὶ εἰ δή τις ἄλλος πρότερος τούτου ἦρξε τῆς θαλάσσης· τῆς δὲ ἀνθρωπηίης λεγομένης γενεῆς Πολυκράτης πρῶτος, ἐλπίδας πολλὰς ἔχων Ἰωνίης τε καὶ νήσων ἄρξειν. μαθὼν ὦν ταῦτά μιν διανοεύμενον ὁ Ὀροίτης πέμψας ἀγγελίην ἔλεγε τάδε. “Ὀροίτης Πολυκράτεϊ ὧδε λέγει. πυνθάνομαι ἐπιβουλεύειν σε πρήγμασι μεγάλοισι, καὶ χρήματά τοι οὐκ εἶναι κατὰ τὰ φρονήματα. σύ νυν ὧδε ποιήσας ὀρθώσεις μὲν σεωυτόν, σώσεις δὲ καὶ ἐμέ· ἐμοὶ γὰρ βασιλεὺς Καμβύσης ἐπιβουλεύει θάνατον, καί μοι τοῦτο ἐξαγγέλλεται σαφηνέως. σύ νυν ἐμὲ ἐκκομίσας αὐτὸν καὶ χρήματα, τὰ μὲν αὐτῶν αὐτὸς ἔχε, τὰ δὲ ἐμὲ ἔα ἔχειν· εἵνεκέν τε χρημάτων ἄρξεις ἁπάσης τῆς Ἑλλάδος. εἰ δέ μοι ἀπιστέεις τὰ περὶ τῶν χρημάτων, πέμψον ὅστις τοι πιστότατος τυγχάνει ἐών, τῷ ἐγὼ ἀποδέξω.”
3.124. ὁ δὲ πολλὰ μὲν τῶν μαντίων ἀπαγορευόντων πολλὰ δὲ τῶν φίλων ἐστέλλετο αὐτόσε, πρὸς δὲ καὶ ἰδούσης τῆς θυγατρὸς ὄψιν ἐνυπνίου τοιήνδε· ἐδόκεε οἷ τὸν πατέρα ἐν τῷ ἠέρι μετέωρον ἐόντα λοῦσθαι μὲν ὑπὸ τοῦ Διός, χρίεσθαι δὲ ὑπὸ τοῦ ἡλίου. ταύτην ἰδοῦσα τὴν ὄψιν παντοίη ἐγίνετο μὴ ἀποδημῆσαι τὸν Πολυκράτεα παρὰ τὸν Ὀροίτεα, καὶ δὴ καὶ ἰόντος αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ τὴν πεντηκόντερον ἐπεφημίζετο. ὁ δέ οἱ ἠπείλησε, ἢν σῶς ἀπονοστήσῃ, πολλόν μιν χρόνον παρθενεύεσθαι. ἣ δὲ ἠρήσατο ἐπιτελέα ταῦτα γενέσθαι· βούλεσθαι γὰρ παρθενεύεσθαι πλέω χρόνον ἢ τοῦ πατρὸς ἐστερῆσθαι. 3.125. Πολυκράτης δὲ πάσης συμβουλίης ἀλογήσας ἔπλεε παρὰ τὸν Ὀροίτεα, ἅμα ἀγόμενος ἄλλους τε πολλοὺς τῶν ἑταίρων, ἐν δὲ δὴ καὶ Δημοκήδεα τὸν Καλλιφῶντος Κροτωνιήτην ἄνδρα, ἰητρόν τε ἐόντα καὶ τὴν τέχνην ἀσκέοντα ἄριστα τῶν κατʼ ἑωυτόν. ἀπικόμενος δὲ ἐς τὴν Μαγνησίην ὁ Πολυκράτης διεφθάρη κακῶς, οὔτε ἑωυτοῦ ἀξίως οὔτε τῶν ἑωυτοῦ φρονημάτων· ὅτι γὰρ μὴ οἱ Συρηκοσίων γενόμενοι τύραννοι οὐδὲ εἷς τῶν ἄλλων Ἑλληνικῶν τυράννων ἄξιος ἐστὶ Πολυκράτεϊ μεγαλοπρεπείην συμβληθῆναι. ἀποκτείνας δέ μιν οὐκ ἀξίως ἀπηγήσιος Ὀροίτης ἀνεσταύρωσε· τῶν δέ οἱ ἑπομένων ὅσοι μὲν ἦσαν Σάμιοι, ἀπῆκε, κελεύων σφέας ἑωυτῷ χάριν εἰδέναι ἐόντας ἐλευθέρους, ὅσοι δὲ ἦσαν ξεῖνοί τε καὶ δοῦλοι τῶν ἑπομένων, ἐν ἀνδραπόδων λόγῳ ποιεύμενος εἶχε. Πολυκράτης δὲ ἀνακρεμάμενος ἐπετέλεε πᾶσαν τὴν ὄψιν τῆς θυγατρός· ἐλοῦτο μὲν γὰρ ὑπὸ τοῦ Διὸς ὅκως ὕοι, ἐχρίετο δὲ ὑπὸ τοῦ ἡλίου, ἀνιεὶς αὐτὸς ἐκ τοῦ σώματος ἰκμάδα.
3.139. μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα Σάμον βασιλεὺς Δαρεῖος αἱρέει, πολίων πασέων πρώτην Ἑλληνίδων καὶ βαρβάρων, διὰ τοιήνδε τινὰ αἰτίην. Καμβύσεω τοῦ Κύρου στρατευομένου ἐπʼ Αἴγυπτον ἄλλοι τε συχνοὶ ἐς τὴν Αἴγυπτον ἀπίκοντο Ἑλλήνων, οἳ μέν, ὡς οἰκός, κατʼ ἐμπορίην στρατευόμενοι, οἳ δὲ τινὲς καὶ αὐτῆς τῆς χώρης θεηταί· τῶν ἦν καὶ Συλοσῶν ὁ Αἰάκεος, Πολυκράτεός τε ἐὼν ἀδελφεὸς καὶ φεύγων ἐκ Σάμου. τοῦτον τὸν Συλοσῶντα κατέλαβε εὐτυχίη τις τοιήδε. λαβὼν χλανίδα καὶ περιβαλόμενος πυρρὴν ἠγόραζε ἐν τῇ Μέμφι· ἰδὼν δὲ αὐτὸν Δαρεῖος, δορυφόρος τε ἐὼν Καμβύσεω καὶ λόγου οὐδενός κω μεγάλου, ἐπεθύμησε τῆς χλανίδος καὶ αὐτὴν προσελθὼν ὠνέετο. ὁ δὲ Συλοσῶν ὁρέων τὸν Δαρεῖον μεγάλως ἐπιθυμέοντα τῆς χλανίδος, θείῃ τύχῃ χρεώμενος λέγει “ἐγὼ ταύτην πωλέω μὲν οὐδενὸς χρήματος, δίδωμι δὲ ἄλλως, εἴ περ οὕτω δεῖ γενέσθαι πάντως τοι.” αἰνέσας ταῦτα ὁ Δαρεῖος παραλαμβάνει τὸ εἷμα. 3.140. ὁ μὲν δὴ Συλοσῶν ἠπίστατο τοῦτό οἱ ἀπολωλέναι διʼ εὐηθείην. ὡς δὲ τοῦ χρόνου προβαίνοντος Καμβύσης τε ἀπέθανε καὶ τῷ Μάγῳ ἐπανέστησαν οἱ ἑπτὰ καὶ ἐκ τῶν ἑπτὰ Δαρεῖος τὴν βασιληίην ἔσχε, πυνθάνεται ὁ Συλοσῶν ὡς ἡ βασιληίη περιεληλύθοι ἐς τοῦτον τὸν ἄνδρα τῷ κοτὲ αὐτὸς ἔδωκε ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ δεηθέντι τὸ εἷμα. ἀναβὰς δὲ ἐς τὰ Σοῦσα ἵζετο ἐς τὰ πρόθυρα τῶν βασιλέος οἰκίων καὶ ἔφη Δαρείου εὐεργέτης εἶναι. ἀγγέλλει ταῦτα ἀκούσας ὁ πυλουρὸς τῷ βασιλέι· ὁ δὲ θωμάσας λέγει πρὸς αὐτόν “καὶ τίς ἐστὶ Ἑλλήνων εὐεργέτης τῷ ἐγὼ προαιδεῦμαι, νεωστὶ μὲν τὴν ἀρχὴν ἔχων; ἀναβέβηκε δʼ ἤ τις ἢ οὐδείς κω παρʼ ἡμέας αὐτῶν, ἔχω δὲ χρέος εἰπεῖν οὐδὲν ἀνδρὸς Ἕλληνος. ὅμως δὲ αὐτὸν παράγετε ἔσω, ἵνα εἰδέω τί θέλων λέγει ταῦτα.” παρῆγε ὁ πυλουρὸς τὸν Συλοσῶντα, στάντα δὲ ἐς μέσον εἰρώτων οἱ ἑρμηνέες τίς τε εἴη καὶ τί ποιήσας εὐεργέτης φησὶ εἶναι βασιλέος. εἶπε ὦν ὁ Συλοσῶν πάντα τὰ περὶ τὴν χλανίδα γενόμενα, καὶ ὡς αὐτὸς εἴη κεῖνος ὁ δούς. ἀμείβεται πρὸς ταῦτα Δαρεῖος “ὦ γενναιότατε ἀνδρῶν, σὺ κεῖνος εἶς ὃς ἐμοὶ οὐδεμίαν ἔχοντί κω δύναμιν ἔδωκας εἰ καὶ σμικρά, ἀλλʼ ὦν ἴση γε ἡ χάρις ὁμοίως ὡς εἰ νῦν κοθέν τι μέγα λάβοιμι· ἀντʼ ὧν τοι χρυσὸν καὶ ἄργυρον ἄπλετον δίδωμι, ὡς μή κοτέ τοι μεταμελήσῃ Δαρεῖον τὸν Ὑστάσπεος εὖ ποιήσαντι.” λέγει πρὸς ταῦτα ὁ Συλοσῶν “ἐμοὶ μήτε χρυσὸν ὦ βασιλεῦ μήτε ἄργυρον δίδου, ἀλλʼ ἀνασωσάμενός μοι δὸς τὴν πατρίδα Σάμον, τὴν νῦν ἀδελφεοῦ τοῦ ἐμοῦ Πολυκράτεος ἀποθανόντος ὑπὸ Ὀροίτεω ἔχει δοῦλος ἡμέτερος· ταύτην μοι δὸς ἄνευ τε φόνου καὶ ἐξανδραποδίσιος.”
4.15. ταῦτα μὲν αἱ πόλιες αὗται λέγουσι, τάδε δὲ οἶδα Μεταποντίνοισι τοῖσι ἐν Ἰταλίῃ συγκυρήσαντα μετὰ τὴν ἀφάνισιν τὴν δευτέρην Ἀριστέω ἔτεσι τεσσεράκοντα καὶ διηκοσίοισι, ὡς ἐγὼ συμβαλλόμενος ἐν Προκοννήσῳ τε καὶ Μεταποντίῳ εὕρισκον. Μεταποντῖνοι φασὶ αὐτὸν Ἀριστέην φανέντα σφι ἐς τὴν χώρην κελεῦσαι βωμὸν Ἀπόλλωνος ἱδρύσασθαι καὶ Ἀριστέω τοῦ Προκοννησίου ἐπωνυμίην ἔχοντα ἀνδριάντα πὰρʼ αὐτὸν ἱστάναι· φάναι γὰρ σφι τὸν Ἀπόλλωνα Ἰταλιωτέων μούνοισι δὴ ἀπικέσθαι ἐς τὴν χώρην, καὶ αὐτὸς οἱ ἕπεσθαι ὁ νῦν ἐὼν Ἀριστέης· τότε δὲ, ὅτε εἵπετο τῷ θεῷ, εἶναι κόραξ. καὶ τὸν μὲν εἰπόντα ταῦτα ἀφανισθῆναι, σφέας δὲ Μεταποντῖνοι λέγουσι ἐς Δελφοὺς πέμψαντας τὸν θεὸν ἐπειρωτᾶν ὃ τι τὸ φάσμα τοῦ ἀνθρώπου εἴη. τὴν δὲ Πυθίην σφέας κελεύειν πείθεσθαι τῷ φάσματι, πειθομένοισι δὲ ἄμεινον συνοίσεσθαι. καὶ σφέας δεξαμένους ταῦτα ποιῆσαι ἐπιτελέα. καὶ νῦν ἔστηκε ἀνδριὰς ἐπωνυμίην ἔχων Ἀριστέω παρʼ αὐτῷ τῷ ἀγάλματι τοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος, πέριξ δὲ αὐτὸν δάφναι ἑστᾶσι· τὸ δὲ ἄγαλμα ἐν τῇ ἀγορῇ ἵδρυται. Ἀριστέω μέν νυν πέρι τοσαῦτα εἰρήσθω.
4.33. πολλῷ δέ τι πλεῖστα περὶ αὐτῶν Δήλιοι λέγουσι, φάμενοι ἱρὰ ἐνδεδεμένα ἐν καλάμῃ πυρῶν ἐξ Ὑπερβορέων φερόμενα ἀπικνέεσθαι ἐς Σκύθας, ἀπὸ δὲ Σκυθέων ἤδη δεκομένους αἰεὶ τοὺς πλησιοχώρους ἑκάστους κομίζειν αὐτὰ τὸ πρὸς ἑσπέρης ἑκαστάτω ἐπὶ τὸν Ἀδρίην, ἐνθεῦτεν δὲ πρὸς μεσαμβρίην προπεμπόμενα πρώτους Δωδωναίους Ἑλλήνων δέκεσθαι, ἀπὸ δὲ τούτων καταβαίνειν ἐπὶ τὸν Μηλιέα κόλπον καὶ διαπορεύεσθαι ἐς Εὔβοιαν, πόλιν τε ἐς πόλιν πέμπειν μέχρι Καρύστου, τὸ δʼ ἀπὸ ταύτης ἐκλιπεῖν Ἄνδρον· Καρυστίους γὰρ εἶναι τοὺς κομίζοντας ἐς Τῆνον, Τηνίους δὲ ἐς Δῆλον. ἀπικνέεσθαι μέν νυν οὕτω ταῦτα τὰ ἱρὰ λέγουσι ἐς Δῆλον· πρῶτον δὲ τοὺς Ὑπερβορέους πέμψαι φερούσας τὰ ἱρὰ δὺο κόρας, τὰς ὀνομάζουσι Δήλιοι εἶναι Ὑπερόχην τε καὶ Λαοδίκην· ἅμα δὲ αὐτῇσι ἀσφαλείης εἵνεκεν πέμψαι τοὺς Ὑπερβορέους τῶν ἀστῶν ἄνδρας πέντε πομπούς, τούτους οἳ νῦν Περφερέες καλέονται τιμὰς μεγάλας ἐν Δήλῳ ἔχοντες. ἐπεὶ δὲ τοῖσι Ὑπερβορέοισι τοὺς ἀποπεμφθέντας ὀπίσω οὐκ ἀπονοστέειν, δεινὰ ποιευμένους εἰ σφέας αἰεὶ καταλάμψεται ἀποστέλλοντας μὴ ἀποδέκεσθαι, οὕτω δὴ φέροντας ἐς τοὺς οὔρους τὰ ἱρὰ ἐνδεδεμένα ἐν πυρῶν καλάμῃ τοὺς πλησιοχώρους ἐπισκήπτειν κελεύοντας προπέμπειν σφέα ἀπὸ ἑωυτῶν ἐς ἄλλο ἔθνος. καὶ ταῦτα μὲν οὕτω προπεμπόμενα ἀπικνέεσθαι λέγουσι ἐς Δῆλον. οἶδα δὲ αὐτὸς τούτοισι τοῖσι ἱροῖσι τόδε ποιεύμενον προσφερές, τὰς Θρηικίας καὶ τὰς Παιονίδας γυναῖκας, ἐπεὰν θύωσι τῇ Ἀρτέμιδι τῇ βασιλείῃ, οὐκ ἄνευ πυρῶν καλάμης ἐχούσας τὰ ἱρά. 4.34. καὶ ταῦτα μὲν δὴ ταύτας οἶδα ποιεύσας· τῇσι δὲ παρθένοισι ταύτῃσι τῇσι ἐξ Ὑπερβορέων τελευτησάσῃσι ἐν Δήλῳ κείρονται καὶ αἱ κόραι καὶ οἱ παῖδες οἱ Δηλίων· αἱ μὲν πρὸ γάμου πλόκαμον ἀποταμνόμεναι καὶ περὶ ἄτρακτον εἱλίξασαι ἐπὶ τὸ σῆμα τιθεῖσι ʽτὸ δὲ σῆμα ἐστὶ ἔσω ἐς τὸ Ἀρτεμίσιον ἐσιόντι ἀριστερῆς χειρός, ἐπιπέφυκε δέ οἱ ἐλαίἠ, ὅσοι δὲ παῖδες τῶν Δηλίων, περὶ χλόην τινὰ εἱλίξαντες τῶν τριχῶν τιθεῖσι καὶ οὗτοι ἐπὶ τὸ σῆμα. 4.35. αὗται μὲν δὴ ταύτην τιμὴν ἔχουσι πρὸς τῶν Δήλου οἰκητόρων. φασὶ δὲ οἱ αὐτοὶ οὗτοι καὶ τὴν Ἄργην τε καὶ τὴν Ὦπιν ἐούσας παρθένους ἐξ Ὑπερβορέων κατὰ τοὺς αὐτοὺς τούτους ἀνθρώπους πορευομένας ἀπικέσθαι ἐς Δῆλον ἔτι πρότερον Ὑπερόχης τε καὶ Λαοδίκης. ταύτας μέν νυν τῇ Εἰλειθυίῃ ἀποφερούσας ἀντὶ τοῦ ὠκυτόκου τὸν ἐτάξαντο φόρον ἀπικέσθαι, τὴν δὲ Ἄργην τε καὶ τὴν Ὦπιν ἅμα αὐτοῖσι θεοῖσι ἀπικέσθαι λέγουσι καὶ σφι τιμὰς ἄλλας δεδόσθαι πρὸς σφέων· καὶ γὰρ ἀγείρειν σφι τὰς γυναῖκας ἐπονομαζούσας τὰ οὐνόματα ἐν τῷ ὕμνῳ τόν σφι Ὠλὴν ἀνὴρ Λύκιος ἐποίησε, παρὰ δὲ σφέων μαθόντας νησιώτας τε καὶ Ἴωνας ὑμνέειν Ὦπίν τε καὶ Ἄργην ὀνομάζοντάς τε καὶ ἀγείροντας ʽοὗτος δὲ ὁ Ὠλὴν καὶ τοὺς ἄλλους τοὺς παλαιοὺς ὕμνους ἐποίησε ἐκ Λυκίης ἐλθὼν τοὺς ἀειδομένους ἐν Δήλᾠ, καὶ τῶν μηρίων καταγιζομένων ἐπὶ τῷ βωμῷ τὴν σποδὸν ταύτην ἐπὶ τὴν θήκην τῆς Ὤπιός τε καὶ Ἄργης ἀναισιμοῦσθαι ἐπιβαλλομένην. ἡ δὲ θήκη αὐτέων ἐστὶ ὄπισθε τοῦ Ἀρτεμισίου, πρὸς ἠῶ τετραμμένη, ἀγχοτάτω τοῦ Κηίων ἱστιητορίου.
4.76. ξεινικοῖσι δὲ νομαίοισι καὶ οὗτοι φεύγουσι αἰνῶς χρᾶσθαι, μήτε τεῶν ἄλλων, Ἑλληνικοῖσι δὲ καὶ ἥκιστα, ὡς διέδεξαν Ἀνάχαρσις τε καὶ δεύτερα αὖτις Σκύλης. τοῦτο μὲν γὰρ Ἀνάχαρσις ἐπείτε γῆν πολλὴν θεωρήσας καὶ ἀποδεξάμενος κατʼ αὐτὴν σοφίην πολλὴν ἐκομίζετο ἐς ἤθεα τὰ Σκυθέων, πλέων διʼ Ἑλλησπόντου προσίσχει ἐς Κύζικον. καὶ εὗρε γὰρ τῇ μητρὶ τῶν θεῶν ἀνάγοντας τοὺς Κυζικηνοὺς ὁρτὴν μεγαλοπρεπέως κάρτα, εὔξατο τῇ μητρὶ ὁ Ἀνάχαρσις, ἢν σῶς καὶ ὑγιὴς ἀπονοστήσῃ ἐς ἑωυτοῦ, θύσειν τε κατὰ ταὐτὰ κατὰ ὥρα τοὺς Κυζικηνοὺς ποιεῦντας καὶ παννυχίδα στήσειν. ὡς δὲ ἀπίκετο ἐς τὴν Σκυθικήν καταδὺς ἐς τὴν καλεομένην Ὑλαίην ʽἡ δʼ ἔστι μὲν παρὰ τὸν Ἀχιλλήιον δρόμον, τυγχάνει δὲ πᾶσα ἐοῦσα δενδρέων παντοίων πλέἠ, ἐς ταύτην δὴ καταδὺς ὁ Ἀνάχαρσις τὴν ὁρτὴν ἐπετέλεε πᾶσαν τῇ θεῷ, τύμπανον τε ἔχων καὶ ἐκδησάμενος ἀγάλματα. καὶ τῶν τις Σκυθέων καταφρασθεὶς αὐτὸν ταῦτα ποιεῦντα ἐσήμηνε τῷ βασιλέι Σαυλίω· ὁ δὲ καὶ αὐτὸς ἀπικόμενος ὡς εἶδε τὸν Ἀνάχαρσιν ποιεῦντα ταῦτα, τοξεύσας αὐτὸν ἀπέκτεινε. καὶ νῦν ἤν τις εἴρηται περὶ Ἀναχάρσιος, οὐ φασί μιν Σκύθαι γινώσκειν, διὰ τοῦτο ὅτι ἐξεδήμησέ τε ἐς τὴν Ἑλλάδα καὶ ξεινικοῖσι ἔθεσι διεχρήσατο. ὡς δʼ ἐγὼ ἤκουσα Τύμνεω τοῦ Ἀριαπείθεος ἐπιτρόπου, εἶναι αὐτὸν Ἰδανθύρσου τοῦ Σκυθέων βασιλέος πάτρων, παῖδα δὲ εἶναι Γνούρου τοῦ Λύκου τοῦ Σπαργαπείθεος. εἰ ὦν ταύτης ἦν τῆς οἰκίης ὁ Ἀνάχαρσις, ἴστω ὑπὸ τοῦ ἀδελφεοῦ ἀποθανών· Ἰδάνθυρσος γὰρ ἦν παῖς Σαυλίου, Σαύλιος δὲ ἦν ὁ ἀποκτείνας Ἀνάχαρσιν.
4.79. ἐπείτε δὲ ἔδεέ οἱ κακῶς γενέσθαι, ἐγίνετο ἀπὸ προφάσιος τοιῆσδε. ἐπεθύμησε Διονύσῳ Βακχείῳ τελεσθῆναι· μέλλοντι δέ οἱ ἐς χεῖρας ἄγεσθαι τὴν τελετὴν ἐγένετο φάσμα μέγιστον. ἦν οἱ ἐν Βορυσθενεϊτέων τῇ πόλι οἰκίης μεγάλης καὶ πολυτελέος περιβολή, τῆς καὶ ὀλίγῳ τι πρότερον τούτων μνήμην εἶχον, τὴν πέριξ λευκοῦ λίθου σφίγγες τε καὶ γρῦπες ἕστασαν· ἐς ταύτην ὁ θεὸς ἐνέσκηψε βέλος. καὶ ἣ μὲν κατεκάη πᾶσα, Σκύλης δὲ οὐδὲν τούτου εἵνεκα ἧσσον ἐπετέλεσε τὴν τελετήν. Σκύθαι δὲ τοῦ βακχεύειν πέρι Ἕλλησι ὀνειδίζουσι· οὐ γὰρ φασὶ οἰκὸς εἶναι θεὸν ἐξευρίσκειν τοῦτον ὅστις μαίνεσθαι ἐνάγει ἀνθρώπους. ἐπείτε δὲ ἐτελέσθη τῷ Βακχείῳ ὁ Σκύλης, διεπρήστευσε τῶν τις Βορυσθενειτέων πρὸς τοὺς Σκύθας λέγων “ἡμῖν γὰρ καταγελᾶτε, ὦ Σκύθαι, ὅτι βακχεύομεν καὶ ἡμέας ὁ θεὸς λαμβάνει· νῦν οὗτος ὁ δαίμων καὶ τὸν ὑμέτερον βασιλέα λελάβηκε, καὶ βακχεύει τε καὶ ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ μαίνεται. εἰ δέ μοι ἀπιστέετε, ἕπεσθε, καὶ ὑμῖν ἐγὼ δέξω.” εἵποντο τῶν Σκύθεων οἱ προεστεῶτες, καὶ αὐτοὺς ἀναγαγὼν ὁ Βορυσθενεΐτης λάθρῃ ἐπὶ πύργον κατεῖσε. ἐπείτε δὲ παρήιε σὺν τῷ θιάσῳ ὁ Σκύλης καὶ εἶδόν μιν βακχεύοντα οἱ Σκύθαι, κάρτα συμφορὴν μεγάλην ἐποιήσαντο, ἐξελθόντες δὲ ἐσήμαινον πάσῃ τῇ στρατιῇ τὰ ἴδοιεν.
4.152. ἀποδημεόντων δὲ τούτων πλέω χρόνον τοῦ συγκειμένου τὸν Κορώβιον ἐπέλιπε τὰ πάντα, μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα νηῦς Σαμίη, τῆς ναύκληρος ἦν Κωλαῖος, πλέουσα ἐπʼ Αἰγύπτου ἀπηνείχθη ἐς τὴν Πλατέαν ταύτην· πυθόμενοι δὲ οἱ Σάμιοι παρὰ τοῦ Κορωβίου τὸν πάντα λόγον, σιτία οἱ ἐνιαυτοῦ καταλείπουσι. αὐτοὶ δὲ ἀναχθέντες ἐκ τῆς νήσου καὶ γλιχόμενοι Αἰγύπτου ἔπλεον, ἀποφερόμενοι ἀπηλιώτῃ ἀνέμῳ· καὶ οὐ γὰρ ἀνίει τὸ πνεῦμα, Ἡρακλέας στήλας διεκπερήσαντες ἀπίκοντο ἐς Ταρτησσόν, θείῃ πομπῇ χρεώμενοι. τὸ δὲ ἐμπόριον τοῦτο ἦν ἀκήρατον τοῦτον τὸν χρόνον, ὥστε ἀπονοστήσαντες οὗτοι ὀπίσω μέγιστα δὴ Ἑλλήνων πάντων τῶν ἡμεῖς ἀτρεκείην ἴδμεν ἐκ φορτίων ἐκέρδησαν, μετά γε Σώστρατον τὸν Λαοδάμαντος Αἰγινήτην· τούτῳ γὰρ οὐκ οἷά τε ἐστὶ ἐρίσαι ἄλλον. οἱ δὲ Σάμιοι τὴν δεκάτην τῶν ἐπικερδίων ἐξελόντες ἓξ τάλαντα ἐποιήσαντο χαλκήιον κρητῆρος Ἀργολικοῦ τρόπον· πέριξ δὲ αὐτοῦ γρυπῶν κεφαλαὶ πρόκροσσοί εἰσι. καὶ ἀνέθηκαν ἐς τὸ Ἥραιον, ὑποστήσαντες αὐτῶ τρεῖς χαλκέους κολοσσοὺς ἑπταπήχεας τοῖσι γούνασι ἐρηρεισμένους. Κυρηναίοισι δὲ καὶ Θηραίοισι ἐς Σαμίους ἀπὸ τούτου τοῦ ἔργου πρῶτα φιλίαι μεγάλαι συνεκρήθησαν.
4.161. διεδέξατο δὲ τὴν βασιληίην τοῦ Ἀρκεσίλεω ὁ παῖς Βάττος, χωλός τε ἐὼν καὶ οὐκ ἀρτίπους. οἱ δὲ Κυρηναῖοι πρὸς τὴν καταλαβοῦσαν συμφορὴν ἔπεμπον ἐς Δελφοὺς ἐπειρησομένους ὅντινα τρόπον καταστησάμενοι κάλλιστα ἂν οἰκέοιεν. ἡ δὲ Πυθίη ἐκέλευε ἐκ Μαντινέης τῆς Ἀρκάδων καταρτιστῆρα ἀγαγέσθαι. αἴτεον ὦν οἱ Κυρηναῖοι, καὶ οἱ Μαντινέες ἔδοσαν ἄνδρα τῶν ἀστῶν δοκιμώτατον, τῷ οὔνομα ἦν Δημῶναξ. οὗτος ὦν ὡνὴρ ἀπικόμενος ἐς τὴν Κυρήνην καὶ μαθὼν ἕκαστα τοῦτο μὲν τριφύλους ἐποίησε σφεας, τῇδε διαθείς· Θηραίων μὲν καὶ τῶν περιοίκων μίαν μοῖραν ἐποίησε, ἄλλην δὲ Πελοποννησίων καὶ Κρητῶν, τρίτην δὲ νησιωτέων πάντων. τοῦτο δὲ τῷ βασιλέι Βάττῳ τεμένεα ἐξελὼν καὶ ἱρωσύνας, τὰ ἄλλα πάντα τὰ πρότερον εἶχον οἱ βασιλέες ἐς μέσον τῷ δήμῳ ἔθηκε.
4.164. ὁ δὲ παραλαβὼν τοὺς ἐκ τῆς Σάμου κατῆλθε ἐς τὴν Κυρήνην, καὶ ἐπικρατήσας τῶν πρηγμάτων τοῦ μαντηίου οὐκ ἐμέμνητο, ἀλλὰ δίκας τοὺς ἀντιστασιώτας αἴτεε τῆς ἑωυτοῦ φυγῆς. τῶν δὲ οἳ μὲν τὸ παράπαν ἐκ τῆς χώρης ἀπαλλάσσοντο, τοὺς δὲ τινὰς χειρωσάμενος ὁ Ἀρκεσίλεως ἐς Κύπρον ἀπέστειλε ἐπὶ διαφθορῇ. τούτους μέν νυν Κνίδιοι ἀπενειχθέντας πρὸς τὴν σφετέρην ἐρρύσαντο καὶ ἐς Θήρην ἀπέστειλαν· ἑτέρους δὲ τινὰς τῶν Κυρηναίων ἐς πύργον μέγαν Ἀγλωμάχου καταφυγόντας ἰδιωτικὸν ὕλην περινήσας ὁ Ἀρκεσίλεως ἐνέπρησε. μαθὼν δὲ ἐπʼ ἐξεργασμένοισι τὸ μαντήιον ἐὸν τοῦτο, ὅτι μιν ἡ Πυθίη οὐκ ἔα εὑρόντα ἐν τῇ καμίνῳ τοὺς ἀμφορέας ἐξοπτῆσαι, ἔργετο ἑκὼν τῆς τῶν Κυρηναίων πόλιος, δειμαίνων τε τὸν κεχρησμένον θάνατον καὶ δοκέων ἀμφίρρυτον τὴν Κυρήνην εἶναι. εἶχε δὲ γυναῖκα συγγενέα ἑωυτοῦ, θυγατέρα δὲ τῶν Βαρκαίων τοῦ βασιλέος, τῷ οὔνομα ἦν Ἀλάζειρ· παρὰ τοῦτον ἀπικνέεται, καί μιν Βαρκαῖοί τε ἄνδρες καὶ τῶν ἐκ Κυρήνης φυγάδων τινὲς καταμαθόντες ἀγοράζοντα κτείνουσι, πρὸς δὲ καὶ τὸν πενθερὸν αὐτοῦ Ἀλάζειρα. Ἀρκεσίλεως μέν νυν εἴτε ἑκὼν εἴτε ἀέκων ἁμαρτὼν τοῦ χρησμοῦ ἐξέπλησε μοῖραν τὴν ἑωυτοῦ.
4.205. οὐ μὲν οὐδὲ ἡ Φερετίμη εὖ τὴν ζόην κατέπλεξε. ὡς γὰρ δὴ τάχιστα ἐκ τῆς Λιβύης τισαμένη τοὺς Βαρκαίους ἀπενόστησε ἐς τὴν Αἴγυπτον, ἀπέθανε κακῶς· ζῶσα γὰρ εὐλέων ἐξέζεσε, ὡς ἄρα ἀνθρώποισι αἱ λίην ἰσχυραὶ τιμωρίαι πρὸς θεῶν ἐπίφθονοι γίνονται·ἐκ μὲν δὴ Φερετίμης τῆς Βάττου τοιαύτη τε καὶ τοσαύτη τιμωρίη ἐγένετο ἐς Βαρκαίους.
5.18. οἱ ὦν Πέρσαι οἱ πεμφθέντες οὗτοι παρὰ τὸν Ἀμύντην ὡς ἀπίκοντο, αἴτεον ἐλθόντες ἐς ὄψιν τὴν Ἀμύντεω Δαρείῳ βασιλέι γῆν τε καὶ ὕδωρ. ὁ δὲ ταῦτά τε ἐδίδου καὶ σφεας ἐπὶ ξείνια καλέει, παρασκευασάμενος δὲ δεῖπνον μεγαλοπρεπὲς ἐδέκετο τοὺς Πέρσας φιλοφρόνως. ὡς δὲ ἀπὸ δείπνου ἐγένοντο, διαπίνοντες εἶπαν οἱ Πέρσαι τάδε. “ξεῖνε Μακεδών, ἡμῖν νόμος ἐστὶ τοῖσι Πέρσῃσι, ἐπεὰν δεῖπνον προτιθώμεθα μέγα, τότε καὶ τὰς παλλακὰς καὶ τὰς κουριδίας γυναῖκας ἐσάγεσθαι παρέδρους. σύ νυν, ἐπεί περ προθύμως μὲν ἐδέξαο μεγάλως δὲ ξεινίζεις, διδοῖς δὲ βασιλέι Δαρείῳ γῆν τε καὶ ὕδωρ, ἕπεο νόμῳ τῷ ἡμετέρῳ.” εἶπε πρὸς ταῦτα Ἀμύντης “ὦ Πέρσαι, νόμος μὲν ἡμῖν γε ἐστὶ οὐκ οὗτος, ἀλλὰ κεχωρίσθαι ἄνδρας γυναικῶν· ἐπείτε δὲ ὑμεῖς ἐόντες δεσπόται προσχρηίζετε τούτων, παρέσται ὑμῖν καὶ ταῦτα.” εἴπας τοσαῦτα ὁ Ἀμύντης μετεπέμπετο τὰς γυναῖκας· αἳ δʼ ἐπείτε καλεόμεναι ἦλθον, ἐπεξῆς ἀντίαι ἵζοντο τοῖσι Πέρσῃσι. ἐνθαῦτα οἱ Πέρσαι ἰδόμενοι γυναῖκας εὐμόρφους ἔλεγον πρὸς Ἀμύντην φάμενοι τὸ ποιηθὲν τοῦτο οὐδὲν εἶναι σοφόν· κρέσσον γὰρ εἶναι ἀρχῆθεν μὴ ἐλθεῖν τὰς γυναῖκας ἢ ἐλθούσας καὶ μὴ παριζομένας ἀντίας ἵζεσθαι ἀλγηδόνας σφίσι ὀφθαλμῶν. ἀναγκαζόμενος δὲ ὁ Ἀμύντης ἐκέλευε παρίζειν· πειθομενέων δὲ τῶν γυναικῶν αὐτίκα οἱ Πέρσαι μαστῶν τε ἅπτοντο οἷα πλεόνως οἰνωμένοι, καί κού τις καὶ φιλέειν ἐπειρᾶτο. 5.19. Ἀμύντης μὲν δὴ ταῦτα ὁρέων ἀτρέμας εἶχε, καίπερ δυσφορέων, οἷα ὑπερδειμαίνων τοὺς Πέρσας· Ἀλέξανδρος δὲ ὁ Ἀμύντεω παρεών τε καὶ ὁρέων ταῦτα, ἅτε νέος τε ἐὼν καὶ κακῶν ἀπαθής, οὐδαμῶς ἔτι κατέχειν οἷος τε ἦν, ὥστε δὲ βαρέως φέρων εἶπε πρὸς Ἀμύντην τάδε. “ὦ πάτερ, σὺ μὲν εἶκε τῇ ἡλικίῃ ἀπιών τε ἀναπαύεο, μηδὲ λιπάρεε τῇ πόσι· ἐγὼ δὲ προσμένων αὐτοῦ τῇδε πάντα τὰ ἐπιτήδεα παρέξω τοῖσι ξείνοισι.” πρὸς ταῦτα συνιεὶς Ἀμύντης ὅτι νεώτερα πρήγματα πρήσσειν μέλλοι ὁ Ἀλέξανδρος, λέγει “ὦ παῖ, σχεδὸν γάρ σευ ἀνακαιομένου συνίημι τοὺς λόγους, ὅτι ἐθέλεις ἐμὲ ἐκπέμψας ποιέειν τι νεώτερον· ἐγὼ ὦν σευ χρηίζω μηδὲν νεοχμῶσαι κατʼ ἄνδρας τούτους, ἵνα μὴ ἐξεργάσῃ ἡμέας, ἀλλὰ ἀνέχευ ὁρέων τὰ ποιεύμενα· ἀμφὶ δὲ ἀπόδῳ τῇ ἐμῇ πείσομαί τοι.” 5.20. ὡς δὲ ὁ Ἀμύντης χρηίσας τούτων οἰχώκεε, λέγει ὁ Ἀλέξανδρος πρὸς τοὺς Πέρσας “γυναικῶν τουτέων, ὦ ξεῖνοι, ἔστι ὑμῖν πολλὴ εὐπετείη, καὶ εἰ πάσῃσι βούλεσθε μίσγεσθαι καὶ ὁκόσῃσι ὦν αὐτέων. τούτου μὲν πέρι αὐτοὶ ἀποσημανέετε· νῦν δέ, σχεδὸν γὰρ ἤδη τῆς κοίτης ὥρη προσέρχεται ὑμῖν καὶ καλῶς ἔχοντας ὑμέας ὁρῶ μέθης, γυναῖκας ταύτας, εἰ ὑμῖν φίλον ἐστί, ἄπετε λούσασθαι, λουσαμένας δὲ ὀπίσω προσδέκεσθε.” εἴπας ταῦτα, συνέπαινοι γὰρ ἦσαν οἱ Πέρσαι, γυναῖκας μὲν ἐξελθούσας ἀπέπεμπε ἐς τὴν γυναικηίην, αὐτὸς δὲ ὁ Ἀλέξανδρος ἴσους τῇσι γυναιξὶ ἀριθμὸν ἄνδρας λειογενείους τῇ τῶν γυναικῶν ἐσθῆτι σκευάσας καὶ ἐγχειρίδια δοὺς ἦγε ἔσω, παράγων δὲ τούτους ἔλεγε τοῖσι Πέρσῃσι τάδε. “ὦ Πέρσαι, οἴκατε πανδαισίῃ τελέῃ ἱστιῆσθαι· τά τε γὰρ ἄλλα ὅσα εἴχομεν, καὶ πρὸς τὰ οἷά τε ἦν ἐξευρόντας παρέχειν, πάντα ὑμῖν πάρεστι, καὶ δὴ καὶ τόδε τὸ πάντων μέγιστον, τάς τε ἑωυτῶν μητέρας καὶ τὰς ἀδελφεὰς ἐπιδαψιλευόμεθα ὑμῖν, ὡς παντελέως μάθητε τιμώμενοι πρὸς ἡμέων τῶν περ ἐστὲ ἄξιοι, πρὸς δὲ καὶ βασιλέι τῷ πέμψαντι ἀπαγγείλητε ὡς ἀνὴρ Ἕλλην Μακεδόνων ὕπαρχος εὖ ὑμέας ἐδέξατο καὶ τραπέζῃ καὶ κοίτῃ.” ταῦτα εἴπας ὁ Ἀλέξανδρος παρίζει Πέρσῃ ἀνδρὶ ἄνδρα Μακεδόνα ὡς γυναῖκα τῷ λόγῳ· οἳ δέ, ἐπείτε σφέων οἱ Πέρσαι ψαύειν ἐπειρῶντο, διεργάζοντο αὐτούς. 5.21. καὶ οὗτοι μὲν τούτῳ τῷ μόρῳ διεφθάρησαν, καὶ αὐτοὶ καὶ ἡ θεραπηίη αὐτῶν· εἵπετο γὰρ δή σφι καὶ ὀχήματα καὶ θεράποντες καὶ ἡ πᾶσα πολλὴ παρασκευή· πάντα δὴ ταῦτα ἅμα πᾶσι ἐκείνοισι ἠφάνιστο. μετὰ δὲ χρόνῳ οὐ πολλῷ ὕστερον ζήτησις τῶν ἀνδρῶν τούτων μεγάλη ἐκ τῶν Περσέων ἐγίνετο, καί σφεας Ἀλέξανδρος κατέλαβε σοφίῃ, χρήματά τε δοὺς πολλὰ καὶ τὴν ἑωυτοῦ ἀδελφεὴν τῇ οὔνομα ἦν Γυγαίη· δοὺς δὲ ταῦτα κατέλαβε ὁ Ἀλέξανδρος Βουβάρῃ ἀνδρὶ Πέρσῃ, τῶν διζημένων τοὺς ἀπολομένους τῷ στρατηγῷ. 5.22. ὁ μέν νυν τῶν Περσέων τούτων θάνατος οὕτω καταλαμφθεὶς ἐσιγήθη. Ἕλληνας δὲ εἶναι τούτους τοὺς ἀπὸ Περδίκκεω γεγονότας, κατά περ αὐτοὶ λέγουσι, αὐτός τε οὕτω τυγχάνω ἐπιστάμενος καὶ δὴ καὶ ἐν τοῖσι ὄπισθε λόγοισι ἀποδέξω ὡς εἰσὶ Ἕλληνες, πρὸς δὲ καὶ οἱ τὸν ἐν Ὀλυμπίῃ διέποντες ἀγῶνα Ἑλληνοδίκαι οὕτω ἔγνωσαν εἶναι. Ἀλεξάνδρου γὰρ ἀεθλεύειν ἑλομένου καὶ καταβάντος ἐπʼ αὐτὸ τοῦτο, οἱ ἀντιθευσόμενοι Ἑλλήνων ἐξεῖργόν μιν, φάμενοι οὐ βαρβάρων ἀγωνιστέων εἶναι τὸν ἀγῶνα ἀλλὰ Ἑλλήνων· Ἀλέξανδρος δὲ ἐπειδὴ ἀπέδεξε ὡς εἴη Ἀργεῖος, ἐκρίθη τε εἶναι Ἕλλην καὶ ἀγωνιζόμενος στάδιον συνεξέπιπτε τῷ πρώτῳ.
5.28. οὗτος δὲ τοσαῦτα ἐξεργάσατο στρατηγήσας. μετὰ δὲ οὐ πολλὸν χρόνον ἄνεσις κακῶν ἦν, καὶ ἤρχετο τὸ δεύτερον ἐκ Νάξου τε καὶ Μιλήτου Ἴωσι γίνεσθαι κακά. τοῦτο μὲν γὰρ ἡ Νάξος εὐδαιμονίῃ τῶν νήσων προέφερε, τοῦτο δὲ κατὰ τὸν αὐτὸν χρόνον ἡ Μίλητος αὐτή τε ἑωυτῆς μάλιστα δὴ τότε ἀκμάσασα καὶ δὴ καὶ τῆς Ἰωνίης ἦν πρόσχημα, κατύπερθε δὲ τούτων ἐπὶ δύο γενεὰς ἀνδρῶν νοσήσασα ἐς τὰ μάλιστα στάσι, μέχρι οὗ μιν Πάριοι κατήρτισαν· τούτους γὰρ καταρτιστῆρας ἐκ πάντων Ἑλλήνων εἵλοντο οἱ Μιλήσιοι.
5.32. ὁ μὲν δὴ Ἀρισταγόρης ὡς ταῦτα ἤκουσε, περιχαρὴς ἐὼν ἀπήιε ἐς Μίλητον. ὁ δὲ Ἀρταφρένης, ὥς οἱ πέμψαντι ἐς Σοῦσα καὶ ὑπερθέντι τὰ ἐκ τοῦ Ἀρισταγόρεω λεγόμενα συνέπαινος καὶ αὐτὸς Δαρεῖος ἐγένετο, παρεσκευάσατο μὲν διηκοσίας τριήρεας, πολλὸν δὲ κάρτα ὅμιλον Περσέων τε καὶ τῶν ἄλλων συμμάχων, στρατηγὸν δὲ τούτων ἀπέδεξε Μεγαβάτην ἄνδρα Πέρσην τῶν Ἀχαιμενιδέων, ἑωυτοῦ τε καὶ Δαρείου ἀνεψιόν, τοῦ Παυσανίης ὁ Κλεομβρότου Λακεδαιμόνιος, εἰ δὴ ἀληθής γε ἐστὶ ὁ λόγος, ὑστέρῳ χρόνῳ τούτων ἡρμόσατο θυγατέρα, ἔρωτα σχὼν τῆς Ἑλλάδος τύραννος γενέσθαι. ἀποδέξας δὲ Μεγαβάτην στρατηγὸν Ἀρταφρένης ἀπέστειλε τὸν στρατὸν παρὰ τὸν Ἀρισταγόρεα. 5.33. παραλαβὼν δὲ ὁ Μεγαβάτης τόν τε Ἀρισταγόρεα ἐκ τῆς Μιλήτου καὶ τὴν Ἰάδα στρατιὴν καὶ τοὺς Ναξίους ἔπλεε πρόφασιν ἐπʼ Ἑλλησπόντου, ἐπείτε δὲ ἐγένετο ἐν Χίῳ, ἔσχε τὰς νέας ἐς Καύκασα, ὡς ἐνθεῦτεν βορέῃ ἀνέμῳ ἐς τὴν Νάξον διαβάλοι. καὶ οὐ γὰρ ἔδεε τούτῳ τῷ στόλῳ Ναξίους ἀπολέσθαι, πρῆγμα τοιόνδε συνηνείχθη γενέσθαι. περιιόντος Μεγαβάτεω τὰς ἐπὶ τῶν νεῶν φυλακάς, ἐπὶ νεὸς Μυνδίης ἔτυχε οὐδεὶς φυλάσσων· ὁ δὲ δεινόν τι ποιησάμενος ἐκέλευσε τοὺς δορυφόρους ἐξευρόντας τὸν ἄρχοντα ταύτης τῆς νεός, τῷ οὔνομα ἦν Σκύλαξ, τοῦτον δῆσαι διὰ θαλαμίης διελόντας τῆς νεὸς κατὰ τοῦτο, ἔξω μὲν κεφαλὴν ποιεῦντας ἔσω δὲ τὸ σῶμα. δεθέντος δὲ τοῦ Σκύλακος, ἐξαγγέλλει τις τῷ Ἀρισταγόρῃ ὅτι τὸν ξεῖνόν οἱ τὸν Μύνδιον Μεγαβάτης δήσας λυμαίνοιτο. ὃ δʼ ἐλθὼν παραιτέετο τὸν Πέρσην, τυγχάνων δὲ οὐδενὸς τῶν ἐδέετο, αὐτὸς ἐλθὼν ἔλυσε. πυθόμενος δὲ κάρτα δεινὸν ἐποιήσατο ὁ Μεγαβάτης καὶ ἐσπέρχετο τῷ Ἀρισταγόρῃ, ὁ δὲ εἶπε “σοὶ δὲ καὶ τούτοισι τοῖσι πρήγμασι τί ἐστι; οὐ σὲ ἀπέστειλε Ἀρταφρένης ἐμέο πείθεσθαι καὶ πλέειν τῇ ἂν ἐγὼ κελεύω; τί πολλὰ πρήσσεις;” ταῦτα εἶπε ὁ Ἀρισταγόρης. ὁ δὲ θυμωθεὶς τούτοισι, ὡς νὺξ ἐγένετο, ἔπεμπε ἐς Νάξον πλοίῳ ἄνδρας φράσοντας τοῖσι Ναξίοισι πάντα τὰ παρεόντα σφι πρήγματα.
5.42. ὁ μὲν δὴ Κλεομένης, ὡς λέγεται, ἦν τε οὐ φρενήρης ἀκρομανής τε, ὁ δὲ Δωριεὺς ἦν τῶν ἡλίκων πάντων πρῶτος, εὖ τε ἐπίστατο κατʼ ἀνδραγαθίην αὐτὸς σχήσων τὴν βασιληίην. ὥστε ὦν οὕτω φρονέων, ἐπειδὴ ὅ τε Ἀναξανδρίδης ἀπέθανε καὶ οἱ Λακεδαιμόνιοι χρεώμενοι τῷ νόμῳ ἐστήσαντο βασιλέα τὸν πρεσβύτατον Κλεομένεα, ὁ Δωριεὺς δεινόν τε ποιεύμενος καὶ οὐκ ἀξιῶν ὑπὸ Κλεομένεος βασιλεύεσθαι, αἰτήσας λεὼν Σπαρτιήτας ἦγε ἐς ἀποικίην, οὔτε τῷ ἐν Δελφοῖσι χρηστηρίῳ χρησάμενος ἐς ἥντινα γῆν κτίσων ἴῃ, οὔτε ποιήσας οὐδὲν τῶν νομιζομένων· οἷα δὲ βαρέως φέρων, ἀπίει ἐς τὴν Λιβύην τὰ πλοῖα· κατηγέοντο δέ οἱ ἄνδρες Θηραῖοι. ἀπικόμενος δὲ ἐς Λιβύην οἴκισε χῶρον κάλλιστον τῶν Λιβύων παρὰ Κίνυπα ποταμόν. ἐξελασθεὶς δὲ ἐνθεῦτεν τρίτῳ ἔτεϊ ὑπὸ Μακέων τε Λιβύων καὶ Καρχηδονίων ἀπίκετο ἐς Πελοπόννησον. 5.43. ἐνθαῦτα δέ οἱ Ἀντιχάρης ἀνὴρ Ἐλεώνιος συνεβούλευσε ἐκ τῶν Λαΐου χρησμῶν Ἡρακλείην τὴν ἐν Σικελίῃ κτίζειν, φὰς τὴν Ἔρυκος χώρην πᾶσαν εἶναι Ἡρακλειδέων αὐτοῦ Ἡρακλέος κτησαμένου. ὁ δὲ ἀκούσας ταῦτα ἐς Δελφοὺς οἴχετο χρησόμενος τῷ χρηστηρίῳ, εἰ αἱρέει ἐπʼ ἣν στέλλεται χώρην· ἡ δὲ Πυθίη οἱ χρᾷ αἱρήσειν. παραλαβὼν δὲ Δωριεὺς τὸν στόλον τὸν καὶ ἐς Λιβύην ἦγε, ἐκομίζετο παρὰ τὴν Ἰταλίην. 5.44. τὸν χρόνον δὲ τοῦτον, ὡς λέγουσι Συβαρῖται, σφέας τε αὐτοὺς καὶ Τῆλυν τὸν ἑωυτῶν βασιλέα ἐπὶ Κρότωνα μέλλειν στρατεύεσθαι, τοὺς δὲ Κροτωνιήτας περιδεέας γενομένους δεηθῆναι Δωριέος σφίσι τιμωρῆσαι καὶ τυχεῖν δεηθέντας· συστρατεύεσθαί τε δὴ ἐπὶ Σύβαριν Δωριέα καὶ συνελεῖν τὴν Σύβαριν. ταῦτα μέν νυν Συβαρῖται λέγουσι ποιῆσαι Δωριέα τε καὶ τοὺς μετʼ αὐτοῦ, Κροτωνιῆται δὲ οὐδένα σφίσι φασὶ ξεῖνον προσεπιλαβέσθαι τοῦ πρὸς Συβαρίτας πολέμου εἰ μὴ Καλλίην τῶν Ἰαμιδέων μάντιν Ἠλεῖον μοῦνον, καὶ τοῦτον τρόπῳ τοιῷδε· παρὰ Τήλυος τοῦ Συβαριτέων τυράννου ἀποδράντα ἀπικέσθαι παρὰ σφέας, ἐπείτε οἱ τὰ ἱρὰ οὐ προεχώρεε χρηστὰ θυομένῳ ἐπὶ Κρότωνα. 5.45. ταῦτα δὲ οὗτοι λέγουσι. μαρτύρια δὲ τούτων ἑκάτεροι ἀποδεικνύουσι τάδε, Συβαρῖται μὲν τέμενός τε καὶ νηὸν ἐόντα παρὰ τὸν ξηρὸν Κρᾶθιν, τὸν ἱδρύσασθαι συνελόντα τὴν πόλιν Δωριέα λέγουσι Ἀθηναίῃ ἐπωνύμῳ Κραθίῃ· τοῦτο δὲ αὐτοῦ Δωριέος τὸν θάνατον μαρτύριον μέγιστον ποιεῦνται, ὅτι παρὰ τὰ μεμαντευμένα ποιέων διεφθάρη· εἰ γὰρ δὴ μὴ παρέπρηξε μηδέν, ἐπʼ ὁ δὲ ἐστάλη ἐποίεε, εἷλε ἂν τὴν Ἐρυκίνην χώρην καὶ ἑλὼν κατέσχε, οὐδʼ ἂν αὐτός τε καὶ ἡ στρατιὴ διεφθάρη. οἱ δʼ αὖ Κροτωνιῆται ἀποδεικνῦσι Καλλίῃ μὲν τῷ Ἠλείῳ ἐξαίρετα ἐν γῇ τῇ Κροτωνιήτιδι πολλὰ δοθέντα, τὰ καὶ ἐς ἐμὲ ἔτι ἐνέμοντο οἱ Καλλίεω ἀπόγονοι, Δωριέι δὲ καὶ τοῖσι Δωριέος ἀπογόνοισι οὐδέν. καίτοι εἰ συνεπελάβετό γε τοῦ Συβαριτικοῦ πολέμου Δωριεύς, δοθῆναι ἄν οἱ πολλαπλήσια ἢ Καλλίῃ. ταῦτα μέν νυν ἑκάτεροι αὐτῶν μαρτύρια ἀποφαίνονται, καὶ πάρεστι, ὁκοτέροισί τις πείθεται αὐτῶν, τούτοισι προσχωρέειν. 5.46. συνέπλεον δὲ Δωριέι καὶ ἄλλοι συγκτίσται Σπαρτιητέων, Θεσσαλὸς καὶ Παραιβάτης καὶ Κελέης καὶ Εὐρυλέων· οἳ ἐπείτε ἀπίκοντο παντὶ στόλῳ ἐς τὴν Σικελίην, ἀπέθανον μάχῃ ἑσσωθέντες ὑπό τε Φοινίκων καὶ Ἐγεσταίων· μοῦνος δὲ Εὐρυλέων τῶν συγκτιστέων περιεγένετο τούτου τοῦ πάθεος. συλλαβὼν δὲ οὗτος τῆς στρατιῆς τοὺς περιγενομένους ἔσχε Μινώην τὴν Σελινουσίων ἀποικίην, καὶ συνελευθέρου Σελινουσίους τοῦ μουνάρχου Πειθαγόρεω· μετὰ δὲ ὡς τοῦτον κατεῖλε, αὐτὸς τυραννίδι ἐπεχείρησε Σελινοῦντος καὶ ἐμουνάρχησε χρόνον ἐπʼ ὀλίγον· οἱ γάρ μιν Σελινούσιοι ἐπαναστάντες ἀπέκτειναν καταφυγόντα ἐπὶ Διὸς ἀγοραίου βωμόν. 5.47. συνέσπετο δὲ Δωριέι καὶ συναπέθανε Φίλιππος ὁ Βουτακίδεω Κροτωνιήτης ἀνήρ, ὃς ἁρμοσάμενος Τήλυος τοῦ Συβαρίτεω θυγατέρα ἔφυγε ἐκ Κρότωνος, ψευσθεὶς δὲ τοῦ γάμου οἴχετο πλέων ἐς Κυρήνην, ἐκ ταύτης δὲ ὁρμώμενος συνέσπετο οἰκηίῃ τε τριήρεϊ καὶ οἰκηίῃ ἀνδρῶν δαπάνῃ, ἐών τε Ὀλυμπιονίκης καὶ κάλλιστος Ἑλλήνων τῶν κατʼ ἑωυτόν. διὰ δὲ τὸ ἑωυτοῦ κάλλος ἠνείκατο παρὰ Ἐγεσταίων τὰ οὐδεὶς ἄλλος· ἐπὶ γὰρ τοῦ τάφου αὐτοῦ ἡρώιον ἱδρυσάμενοι θυσίῃσι αὐτὸν ἱλάσκονται.
5.49. ἀπικνέεται δὲ ὦν ὁ Ἀρισταγόρης ὁ Μιλήτου τύραννος ἐς τὴν Σπάρτην Κλεομένεος ἔχοντος τὴν ἀρχήν· τῷ δὴ ἐς λόγους ἤιε, ὡς Λακεδαιμόνιοι λέγουσι, ἔχων χάλκεον πίνακα ἐν τῷ γῆς ἁπάσης περίοδος ἐνετέτμητο καὶ θάλασσά τε πᾶσα καὶ ποταμοὶ πάντες. ἀπικνεόμενος δὲ ἐς λόγους ὁ Ἀρισταγόρης ἔλεγε πρὸς αὐτὸν τάδε. “Κλεόμενες, σπουδὴν μὲν τὴν ἐμὴν μὴ θωμάσῃς τῆς ἐνθαῦτα ἀπίξιος· τὰ γὰρ κατήκοντα ἐστὶ τοιαῦτα· Ἰώνων παῖδας δούλους εἶναι ἀντʼ ἐλευθέρων ὄνειδος καὶ ἄλγος μέγιστον μὲν αὐτοῖσι ἡμῖν, ἔτι δὲ τῶν λοιπῶν ὑμῖν, ὅσῳ προέστατε τῆς Ἑλλάδος. νῦν ὦν πρὸς θεῶν τῶν Ἑλληνίων ῥύσασθε Ἴωνας ἐκ δουλοσύνης ἄνδρας ὁμαίμονας. εὐπετέως δὲ ὑμῖν ταῦτα οἷά τε χωρέειν ἐστί· οὔτε γὰρ οἱ βάρβαροι ἄλκιμοι εἰσί, ὑμεῖς τε τὰ ἐς τὸν πόλεμον ἐς τὰ μέγιστα ἀνήκετε ἀρετῆς πέρι, ἥ τε μάχη αὐτῶν ἐστὶ τοιήδε, τόξα καὶ αἰχμὴ βραχέα· ἀναξυρίδας δὲ ἔχοντες ἔρχονται ἐς τὰς μάχας καὶ κυρβασίας ἐπὶ τῇσι κεφαλῇσι. οὕτω εὐπετέες χειρωθῆναι εἰσί. ἔστι δὲ καὶ ἀγαθὰ τοῖσι τὴν ἤπειρον ἐκείνην νεμο |
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