1. Josephus Flavius, Jewish Antiquities, 4.214, 4.287, 18.87, 19.308, 20.5, 20.171, 20.209, 20.215 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •roman empire, imperial security forces Found in books: Bickerman and Tropper (2007) 746 | 4.214. 14. Let there be seven men to judge in every city, and these such as have been before most zealous in the exercise of virtue and righteousness. Let every judge have two officers allotted him out of the tribe of Levi. 4.287. but if he in whom the trust was reposed, without any deceit of his own, lose what he was intrusted withal, let him come before the seven judges, and swear by God that nothing hath been lost willingly, or with a wicked intention, and that he hath not made use of any part thereof, and so let him depart without blame; but if he hath made use of the least part of what was committed to him, and it be lost, let him be condemned to repay all that he had received. 18.87. but Pilate prevented their going up, by seizing upon file roads with a great band of horsemen and foot-men, who fell upon those that were gotten together in the village; and when it came to an action, some of them they slew, and others of them they put to flight, and took a great many alive, the principal of which, and also the most potent of those that fled away, Pilate ordered to be slain. 19.308. I also exhort the principal magistrates among them, unless they have a mind to have this action esteemed to be done with their consent, to inform the centurion of those that were guilty of it, and take care that no handle be hence taken for raising a sedition or quarrel among them; which those seem to me to hunt after who encourage such doings; 20.5. Tholomy also, the arch robber, was, after some time, brought to him bound, and slain, but not till he had done a world of mischief to Idumea and the Arabians. And indeed, from that time, Judea was cleared of robberies by the care and providence of Fadus. 20.171. Now when Felix was informed of these things, he ordered his soldiers to take their weapons, and came against them with a great number of horsemen and footmen from Jerusalem, and attacked the Egyptian and the people that were with him. He also slew four hundred of them, and took two hundred alive. 20.209. after which they sent to Aias, and said that they would send the scribe to him, if he would persuade Albinus to release ten of those prisoners which he had caught of their party; so Aias was plainly forced to persuade Albinus, and gained his request of him. 20.215. 5. But when Albinus heard that Gessius Florus was coming to succeed him, he was desirous to appear to do somewhat that might be grateful to the people of Jerusalem; so he brought out all those prisoners who seemed to him to be the most plainly worthy of death, and ordered them to be put to death accordingly. But as to those who had been put into prison on some trifling occasions, he took money of them, and dismissed them; by which means the prisons were indeed emptied, but the country was filled with robbers. |
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2. Josephus Flavius, Jewish War, 2.229, 2.253, 2.273, 2.301, 2.571, 7.52 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •roman empire, imperial security forces Found in books: Bickerman and Tropper (2007) 746, 770 | 2.229. Upon this Cumanus sent men to go round about to the neighboring villages, and to bring their inhabitants to him bound, as laying it to their charge that they had not pursued after the thieves, and caught them. Now here it was that a certain soldier, finding the sacred book of the law, tore it to pieces, and threw it into the fire. 2.253. This Felix took Eleazar the arch-robber, and many that were with him, alive, when they had ravaged the country for twenty years together, and sent them to Rome; but as to the number of robbers whom he caused to be crucified, and of those who were caught among them, and whom he brought to punishment, they were a multitude not to be enumerated. 2.273. Accordingly, he did not only, in his political capacity, steal and plunder every one’s substance, nor did he only burden the whole nation with taxes, but he permitted the relations of such as were in prison for robbery, and had been laid there, either by the senate of every city, or by the former procurators, to redeem them for money; and nobody remained in the prisons as a malefactor but he who gave him nothing. 2.301. 8. Now at this time Florus took up his quarters at the palace; and on the next day he had his tribunal set before it, and sat upon it, when the high priests, and the men of power, and those of the greatest eminence in the city, came all before that tribunal; 2.571. as he chose seven judges in every city to hear the lesser quarrels; for as to the greater causes, and those wherein life and death were concerned, he enjoined they should be brought to him and the seventy elders. 7.52. As for Antiochus himself, he obtained soldiers from the Roman commander, and became a severe master over his own citizens, not permitting them to rest on the seventh day, but forcing them to do all that they usually did on other days; |
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3. New Testament, John, 18.3, 18.12, 19.1 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •roman empire, imperial security forces Found in books: Bickerman and Tropper (2007) 770, 779| 18.3. ὁ οὖν Ἰούδας λαβὼν τὴν σπεῖραν καὶ ἐκ τῶν ἀρχιερέων καὶ [ἐκ] τῶν Φαρισαίων ὑπηρέτας ἔρχεται ἐκεῖ μετὰ φανῶν καὶ λαμπάδων καὶ ὅπλων. 18.12. Ἡ οὖν σπεῖρα καὶ ὁ χιλίαρχος καὶ οἱ ὑπηρέται τῶν Ἰουδαίων συνέλαβον τὸν Ἰησοῦν καὶ ἔδησαν αὐτὸν 19.1. Τότε οὖν ἔλαβεν ὁ Πειλᾶτος τὸν Ἰησοῦν καὶ ἐμαστίγωσεν. | 18.3. Judas then, having taken a detachment of soldiers and officers from the chief priests and the Pharisees, came there with lanterns, torches, and weapons. 18.12. So the detachment, the commanding officer, and the officers of the Jews, seized Jesus and bound him, 19.1. So Pilate then took Jesus, and flogged him. |
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| 4. Anon., Marytrdom of Polycarp, 1 (2nd cent. CE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •roman empire, imperial security forces Found in books: Bickerman and Tropper (2007) 770 |
5. Eusebius of Caesarea, Ecclesiastical History, 7.11.22 (3rd cent. CE - 4th cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •roman empire, imperial security forces Found in books: Bickerman and Tropper (2007) 770 | 7.11.22. For as you have inquired of our affairs and desire us to tell you how we are situated, you have heard fully that when we — that is, myself and Gaius and Faustus and Peter and Paul — were led away as prisoners by a centurion and magistrates, with their soldiers and servants, certain persons from Mareotis came and dragged us away by force, as we were unwilling to follow them. |
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| 6. Porphyry, Against The Christians Fragments, None (3rd cent. CE - 4th cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •roman empire, imperial security forces Found in books: Bickerman and Tropper (2007) 782 |
| 7. Amonas, Letters,G, 2 Tagged with subjects: •roman empire, imperial security forces Found in books: Bickerman and Tropper (2007) 770 |
| 8. Anon., Martyrium Thaddaei, 2 Tagged with subjects: •roman empire, imperial security forces Found in books: Bickerman and Tropper (2007) 770 |
| 9. Theodorus Mopsuestenus, Commentarius In Epistulam Ad Galatos, None Tagged with subjects: •roman empire, imperial security forces Found in books: Bickerman and Tropper (2007) 770 |
