The Ancient Mediterranean Religions Index Database

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Full texts for Hebrew Bible and rabbinic texts is kindly supplied by Sefaria; for Greek and Latin texts, by Perseus Scaife, for the Quran, by Tanzil.net

For a list of book indices included, see here.

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All subjects (including unvalidated):

subject	book bibliographic info
procreate, marriage, without intent to	Hug (2023), Fertility, Ideology, and the Cultural Politics of Reproduction at Rome, 15
procreation	Brule (2003), Women of Ancient Greece, 54, 84, 85, 86, 102, 103, 128, 138, 139 Clay and Vergados (2022), Teaching through Images: Imagery in Greco-Roman Didactic Poetry, 65, 71, 74 Huffman (2019), A History of Pythagoreanism, 93, 94, 95, 96, 123, 369, 374, 375, 376, 379, 380, 381, 382, 383, 384, 385, 386, 387, 388, 451, 502 Jouanna (2012), Greek Medicine from Hippocrates to Galen, 184 Karfíková (2012), Grace and the Will According to Augustine, 3, 27, 123, 124, 129, 159, 174, 175, 181, 188, 207, 208, 209, 210, 227, 233, 261, 299, 300, 301, 304, 305, 306, 314, 320, 322, 325, 329, 335, 339 Lieu (2015), Marcion and the Making of a Heretic: God and Scripture in the Second Century, 45, 83, 91, 130, 131, 268, 389 Lorberbaum (2015), In God's Image: Myth, Theology, and Law in Classical Judaism, 8, 228, 229, 230 Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 475, 476, 492 Neusner Green and Avery-Peck (2022), Judaism from Moses to Muhammad: An Interpretation: Turning Points and Focal Points, 312, 313, 314, 315 Nisula (2012), Augustine and the Functions of Concupiscence, 91, 94, 98, 183, 342 Omeara (2005), Platonopolis: Platonic Political Philosophy in Late Antiquity 55, 135, 138 Osborne (2010), Clement of Alexandria, 221, 249 Pevarello (2013), The Sentences of Sextus and the Origins of Christian Ascetiscism. 7, 14, 60, 70, 73, 80, 81, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 96, 112, 206 Rosen-Zvi (2011), Demonic Desires: Yetzer Hara and the Problem of Evil in Late Antiquity. 191 Sorabji (2000), Emotion and Peace of Mind: From Stoic Agitation to Christian Temptation, 275, 276, 277, 281, 283 Trettel (2019), Desires in Paradise: An Interpretative Study of Augustine's City of God 14, 141, 142, 143, 148, 153, 154, 155, 167, 176 Wilson (2012), The Sentences of Sextus, 242, 244, 262
procreation, advocated, stoics, see under individual stoics, esp. chrysippus, whose views came to be seen already in antiquity as stoic orthodoxy, so that conversely, views seen as orthodox tended to be ascribed to him, marriage and	Sorabji (2000), Emotion and Peace of Mind: From Stoic Agitation to Christian Temptation, 281
procreation, after childbearing age, plato, sex without	Sorabji (2000), Emotion and Peace of Mind: From Stoic Agitation to Christian Temptation, 277
procreation, and creation in the image	Lorberbaum (2015), In God's Image: Myth, Theology, and Law in Classical Judaism, 229, 230, 232, 246, 247, 251
procreation, and hoilliness	Lorberbaum (2015), In God's Image: Myth, Theology, and Law in Classical Judaism, 252, 253, 254, 256, 257, 265
procreation, and impurity	Lorberbaum (2015), In God's Image: Myth, Theology, and Law in Classical Judaism, 255
procreation, and intensifying god	Lorberbaum (2015), In God's Image: Myth, Theology, and Law in Classical Judaism, 224, 227, 228, 229, 230, 234, 238, 239, 251, 281
procreation, and the garden of eden	Lorberbaum (2015), In God's Image: Myth, Theology, and Law in Classical Judaism, 255, 257
procreation, annuls/diminishes the image, procreation, whoever does not engage in	Lorberbaum (2015), In God's Image: Myth, Theology, and Law in Classical Judaism, 225, 226
procreation, aristotle, on	Huffman (2019), A History of Pythagoreanism, 383, 384
procreation, aristotle, on age for	Brule (2003), Women of Ancient Greece, 128, 129, 138, 139
procreation, as a commandment	Lorberbaum (2015), In God's Image: Myth, Theology, and Law in Classical Judaism, 204, 205, 244
procreation, as an act of god	Lorberbaum (2015), In God's Image: Myth, Theology, and Law in Classical Judaism, 252, 253, 256, 257
procreation, as, law of nature	Birnbaum and Dillon (2020), Philo of Alexandria: On the Life of Abraham: Introduction, Translation, and Commentary, 114, 278, 282, 375, 377
procreation, democritus, adoption more prudent	Sorabji (2000), Emotion and Peace of Mind: From Stoic Agitation to Christian Temptation, 277
procreation, democritus, presocratic, adoption more prudent than	Sorabji (2000), Emotion and Peace of Mind: From Stoic Agitation to Christian Temptation, 277
procreation, for vicarious immortality	Sorabji (2000), Emotion and Peace of Mind: From Stoic Agitation to Christian Temptation, 249
procreation, in the laws, plato, on	Huffman (2019), A History of Pythagoreanism, 379, 380, 381, 382
procreation, independent of each other, love, love, sex, marriage, and	Sorabji (2000), Emotion and Peace of Mind: From Stoic Agitation to Christian Temptation, 273, 274, 275, 276, 277, 278, 283, 284
procreation, love is destructive except to the antisthenes, socratic, marriage is for wise, sex should be with those who are grateful for it	Sorabji (2000), Emotion and Peace of Mind: From Stoic Agitation to Christian Temptation, 275, 280
procreation, lucretius, epicurean, marriage is only for	Sorabji (2000), Emotion and Peace of Mind: From Stoic Agitation to Christian Temptation, 275, 283
procreation, manichaeans prefer contraception	Sorabji (2000), Emotion and Peace of Mind: From Stoic Agitation to Christian Temptation, 277
procreation, music, and pythagorean precepts on desire and	Wolfsdorf (2020), Early Greek Ethics, 707, 708
procreation, musonius some level of equality required, marriage only for antisthenes, lucretius	Sorabji (2000), Emotion and Peace of Mind: From Stoic Agitation to Christian Temptation, 275, 283
procreation, musonius, rufus, stoic, sex in marriage only for	Sorabji (2000), Emotion and Peace of Mind: From Stoic Agitation to Christian Temptation, 276
procreation, not derived from aristotle, aristoxenus, account of	Huffman (2019), A History of Pythagoreanism, 383, 384
procreation, not derived from plato, aristoxenus, account of	Huffman (2019), A History of Pythagoreanism, 382
procreation, of children	Wolfsdorf (2020), Early Greek Ethics, 14, 527, 528, 708, 709, 710
procreation, or health, augustine, sex in marriage is for	Sorabji (2000), Emotion and Peace of Mind: From Stoic Agitation to Christian Temptation, 276
procreation, philo of alexandria, jewish philosopher, sex in marriage only for	Sorabji (2000), Emotion and Peace of Mind: From Stoic Agitation to Christian Temptation, 276
procreation, porphyry, neoplatonist, sex in marriage only for	Sorabji (2000), Emotion and Peace of Mind: From Stoic Agitation to Christian Temptation, 276
procreation, refraining from, procreation,	Lorberbaum (2015), In God's Image: Myth, Theology, and Law in Classical Judaism, 225, 234, 242
procreation, relation to marriage, sole purpose, required, not required	Sorabji (2000), Emotion and Peace of Mind: From Stoic Agitation to Christian Temptation, 275, 276, 281, 283
procreation, role, women, in judaism	Neusner Green and Avery-Peck (2022), Judaism from Moses to Muhammad: An Interpretation: Turning Points and Focal Points, 312, 313, 314, 315
procreation, shabbat and	Lorberbaum (2015), In God's Image: Myth, Theology, and Law in Classical Judaism, 255, 256, 257
procreation, shall be put to death, shabbat and	Lorberbaum (2015), In God's Image: Myth, Theology, and Law in Classical Judaism, 128
procreation, shekhinah, divine presence, and	Lorberbaum (2015), In God's Image: Myth, Theology, and Law in Classical Judaism, 229, 242, 243
procreation, temple, and	Lorberbaum (2015), In God's Image: Myth, Theology, and Law in Classical Judaism, 252, 253, 254, 255, 256, 257, 265
procreation, the laws of procreation,	Lorberbaum (2015), In God's Image: Myth, Theology, and Law in Classical Judaism, 245, 246, 247, 248, 251
procreation, theories of	Humphreys (2018), Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis, 107, 188, 680, 681
procreation, which traps soul in matter, augustine, contraception better than	Sorabji (2000), Emotion and Peace of Mind: From Stoic Agitation to Christian Temptation, 277, 400
procreation, which traps soul in matter, manichaeans, contraception better than	Sorabji (2000), Emotion and Peace of Mind: From Stoic Agitation to Christian Temptation, 277, 400

List of validated texts:

13 validated results for "procreation"

1. Hebrew Bible, Genesis, 3.7 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Procreation • Procreation, And Intensifying God • procreation

Found in books: Karfíková (2012), Grace and the Will According to Augustine, 27, 233, 299; Lorberbaum (2015), In God's Image: Myth, Theology, and Law in Classical Judaism, 228; Trettel (2019), Desires in Paradise: An Interpretative Study of Augustine's City of God 14, 167

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3.7 וַתִּפָּקַחְנָה עֵינֵי שְׁנֵיהֶם וַיֵּדְעוּ כִּי עֵירֻמִּם הֵם וַיִּתְפְּרוּ עֲלֵה תְאֵנָה וַיַּעֲשׂוּ לָהֶם חֲגֹרֹת׃' ' None

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3.7 And the eyes of them both were opened, and they knew that they were naked; and they sewed fig-leaves together, and made themselves girdles.' ' None

2. Hebrew Bible, Leviticus, 12.2-12.3 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Procreation, And Hoilliness • Procreation, As an Act of God • Shabbat and Procreation • Temple, And Procreation • procreation • women, in Judaism, procreation role

Found in books: Lorberbaum (2015), In God's Image: Myth, Theology, and Law in Classical Judaism, 256; Neusner Green and Avery-Peck (2022), Judaism from Moses to Muhammad: An Interpretation: Turning Points and Focal Points, 314

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12.2 דַּבֵּר אֶל־בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל לֵאמֹר אִשָּׁה כִּי תַזְרִיעַ וְיָלְדָה זָכָר וְטָמְאָה שִׁבְעַת יָמִים כִּימֵי נִדַּת דְּוֺתָהּ תִּטְמָא׃ ^12.3 וּבַיּוֹם הַשְּׁמִינִי יִמּוֹל בְּשַׂר עָרְלָתוֹ׃'' None

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12.2 Speak unto the children of Israel, saying: If a woman be delivered, and bear a man-child, then she shall be unclean seven days; as in the days of the impurity of her sickness shall she be unclean. ^12.3 And in the eighth day the flesh of his foreskin shall be circumcised.'' None

3. Xenophon, Memoirs, 4.4.19-4.4.23 (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • procreation • procreation, theories of

Found in books: Huffman (2019), A History of Pythagoreanism, 94; Humphreys (2018), Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis, 107

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4.4.19 ἀγράφους δέ τινας οἶσθα, ἔφη, ὦ Ἱππία, νόμους; τούς γʼ ἐν πάσῃ, ἔφη, χώρᾳ κατὰ ταὐτὰ νομιζομένους. ἔχοις ἂν οὖν εἰπεῖν, ἔφη, ὅτι οἱ ἄνθρωποι αὐτοὺς ἔθεντο; καὶ πῶς ἄν, ἔφη, οἵ γε οὔτε συνελθεῖν ἅπαντες ἂν δυνηθεῖεν οὔτε ὁμόφωνοί εἰσι; τίνας οὖν, ἔφη, νομίζεις τεθεικέναι τοὺς νόμους τούτους; ἐγὼ μέν, ἔφη, θεοὺς οἶμαι τοὺς νόμους τούτους τοῖς ἀνθρώποις θεῖναι· καὶ γὰρ παρὰ πᾶσιν ἀνθρώποις πρῶτον νομίζεται θεοὺς σέβειν. ^4.4.20 οὐκοῦν καὶ γονέας τιμᾶν πανταχοῦ νομίζεται; καὶ τοῦτο, ἔφη. οὐκοῦν καὶ μήτε γονέας παισὶ μίγνυσθαι μήτε παῖδας γονεῦσιν; οὐκέτι μοι δοκεῖ, ἔφη, ὦ Σώκρατες, οὗτος θεοῦ νόμος εἶναι. τί δή; ἔφη. ὅτι, ἔφη, αἰσθάνομαί τινας παραβαίνοντας αὐτόν. ^4.4.21 καὶ γὰρ ἄλλα πολλά, ἔφη, παρανομοῦσιν· ἀλλὰ δίκην γέ τοι διδόασιν οἱ παραβαίνοντες τοὺς ὑπὸ τῶν θεῶν κειμένους νόμους, ἣν οὐδενὶ τρόπῳ δυνατὸν ἀνθρώπῳ διαφυγεῖν, ὥσπερ τοὺς ὑπʼ ἀνθρώπων κειμένους νόμους ἔνιοι παραβαίνοντες διαφεύγουσι τὸ δίκην διδόναι, οἱ μὲν λανθάνοντες, οἱ δὲ βιαζόμενοι. ^4.4.22 καὶ ποίαν, ἔφη, δίκην, ὦ Σώκρατες, οὐ δύνανται διαφεύγειν γονεῖς τε παισὶ καὶ παῖδες γονεῦσι μιγνύμενοι; τὴν μεγίστην νὴ Δίʼ, ἔφη· τί γὰρ ἂν μεῖζον πάθοιεν ἄνθρωποι τεκνοποιούμενοι τοῦ κακῶς τεκνοποιεῖσθαι; ^4.4.23 πῶς οὖν, ἔφη, κακῶς οὗτοι τεκνοποιοῦνται, οὕς γε οὐδὲν κωλύει ἀγαθοὺς αὐτοὺς ὄντας ἐξ ἀγαθῶν παιδοποιεῖσθαι; ὅτι νὴ Δίʼ, ἔφη, οὐ μόνον ἀγαθοὺς δεῖ τοὺς ἐξ ἀλλήλων παιδοποιουμένους εἶναι, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἀκμάζοντας τοῖς σώμασιν. ἢ δοκεῖ σοι ὅμοια τὰ σπέρματα εἶναι τὰ τῶν ἀκμαζόντων τοῖς τῶν μήπω ἀκμαζόντων ἢ τῶν παρηκμακότων; ἀλλὰ μὰ Δίʼ, ἔφη, οὐκ εἰκὸς ὅμοια εἶναι. πότερα οὖν, ἔφη, βελτίω; δῆλον ὅτι, ἔφη, τὰ τῶν ἀκμαζόντων. τὰ τῶν μὴ ἀκμαζόντων ἄρα οὐ σπουδαῖα; οὐκ εἰκὸς μὰ Δίʼ, ἔφη. οὐκοῦν οὕτω γε οὐ δεῖ παιδοποιεῖσθαι; οὐ γὰρ οὖν, ἔφη. οὐκοῦν οἵ γε οὕτω παιδοποιούμενοι ὡς οὐ δεῖ παιδοποιοῦνται; ἔμοιγε δοκεῖ, ἔφη. τίνες οὖν ἄλλοι, ἔφη, κακῶς ἂν παιδοποιοῖντο, εἴ γε μὴ οὗτοι; ὁμογνωμονῶ σοι, ἔφη, καὶ τοῦτο.'' None

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4.4.19 Do you know what is meant by unwritten laws, Hippias? Yes, those that are uniformly observed in every country. Could you say that men made them? Nay, how could that be, seeing that they cannot all meet together and do not speak the same language? Then by whom have these laws been made, do you suppose? I think that the gods made these laws for men. For among all men the first law is to fear the gods. ^4.4.20 Is not the duty of honouring parents another universal law? Yes, that is another. And that parents shall not have sexual intercourse with their children nor children with their parents? Cyropaedia V. i. 10. No, I don’t think that is a law of God. Why so? Because I notice that some transgress it. ^4.4.21 Yes, and they do many other things contrary to the laws. But surely the transgressors of the laws ordained by the gods pay a penalty that a man can in no wise escape, as some, when they transgress the laws ordained by man, escape punishment, either by concealment or by violence. ^4.4.22 And pray what sort of penalty is it, Socrates, that may not be avoided by parents and children who have intercourse with one another? The greatest, of course. For what greater penalty can men incur when they beget children than begetting them badly? ^4.4.23 How do they beget children badly then, if, as may well happen, the fathers are good men and the mothers good women? Surely because it is not enough that the two parents should be good. They must also be in full bodily vigour: unless you suppose that those who are in full vigour are no more efficient as parents than those who have not yet reached that condition or have passed it. of course that is unlikely. Which are the better then? Those who are in full vigour, clearly. Consequently those who are not in full vigour are not competent to become parents? It is improbable, of course. In that case then, they ought not to have children? Certainly not. Therefore those who produce children in such circumstances produce them wrongly? I think so. Who then will be bad fathers and mothers, if not they? I agree with you there too. '' None

4. None, None, nan (4th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Aristotle, on procreation • Aristoxenus, account of procreation not derived from Aristotle • Augustine, Contraception better than procreation, which traps soul in matter • Democritus, Presocratic, Adoption more prudent than procreation • Love, Love, sex, marriage, and procreation, independent of each other • Manichaeans, Contraception better than procreation which traps soul in matter • Plato, Sex without procreation after childbearing age • Procreation • Procreation, Democritus, adoption more prudent • Procreation, Manichaeans prefer contraception • procreation

Found in books: Huffman (2019), A History of Pythagoreanism, 383, 384, 387; Sorabji (2000), Emotion and Peace of Mind: From Stoic Agitation to Christian Temptation, 277

5. Mishnah, Gittin, 4.5 (1st cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Procreation, As a Commandment • was created only for procreation

Found in books: Kosman (2012), Gender and Dialogue in the Rabbinic Prism, 198; Lorberbaum (2015), In God's Image: Myth, Theology, and Law in Classical Judaism, 244

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4.5 מִי שֶׁחֶצְיוֹ עֶבֶד וְחֶצְיוֹ בֶן חוֹרִין, עוֹבֵד אֶת רַבּוֹ יוֹם אֶחָד וְאֶת עַצְמוֹ יוֹם אֶחָד, דִּבְרֵי בֵית הִלֵּל. אָמְרוּ לָהֶם בֵּית שַׁמַּאי, תִּקַּנְתֶּם אֶת רַבּוֹ, וְאֶת עַצְמוֹ לֹא תִקַּנְתֶּם. לִשָּׂא שִׁפְחָה אִי אֶפְשָׁר, שֶׁכְּבָר חֶצְיוֹ בֶן חוֹרִין. בַּת חוֹרִין אִי אֶפְשָׁר, שֶׁכְּבָר חֶצְיוֹ עָבֶד. יִבָּטֵל, וַהֲלֹא לֹא נִבְרָא הָעוֹלָם אֶלָּא לִפְרִיָּה וְלִרְבִיָּה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ישעיה מה) לֹא תֹהוּ בְרָאָהּ, לָשֶׁבֶת יְצָרָהּ. אֶלָּא מִפְּנֵי תִקּוּן הָעוֹלָם, כּוֹפִין אֶת רַבּוֹ וְעוֹשֶׂה אוֹתוֹ בֶן חוֹרִין, וְכוֹתֵב שְׁטָר עַל חֲצִי דָמָיו. וְחָזְרוּ בֵית הִלֵּל לְהוֹרוֹת כְּדִבְרֵי בֵית שַׁמָּאי:'' None

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4.5 One who is half a slave and half free works for his master one day and for himself one day, the words of Beth Hillel. Beth Shammai said to them: you have set things right for the master but you have not set things right for the slave. He cannot marry a female slave because he is already half free, and he cannot marry a free woman because he is half a slave. Shall he then decease from having children? But wasn’t the world only made to be populated, as it says, “He did not create it as a waste, he formed it to be inhabited” (Isaiah 45:18)? Rather because of tikkun olam we compel his master to emancipate him and he writes a document for half his purchase price. Beth Hillel retracted their opinion and ruled like Beth Shammai.'' None

6. New Testament, 1 Timothy, 2.15 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Procreation • procreation

Found in books: Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 492; Pevarello (2013), The Sentences of Sextus and the Origins of Christian Ascetiscism. 81

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2.15 σωθήσεται δὲ διὰ τῆς τεκνογονίας, ἐὰν μείνωσιν ἐνπίστει καὶ ἀγάπῃ καὶ ἁγιασμῷ μετὰ σωφροσύνης.'' None

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2.15 but she will be saved through her child-bearing, if they continue in faith, love, and sanctification with sobriety. '' None

7. New Testament, Ephesians, 5.31 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Procreation • Procreation, Refraining From Procreation • Shekhinah (Divine Presence), And Procreation

Found in books: Lieu (2015), Marcion and the Making of a Heretic: God and Scripture in the Second Century, 268; Lorberbaum (2015), In God's Image: Myth, Theology, and Law in Classical Judaism, 242

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5.31 ἀντὶ τούτου καταλείψει ἄνθρωπος τὸν πατέρα καὶ τὴν μητέρα καὶ προσκολληθήσεται πρὸς τὴν γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἔσονται οἱ δύο εἰς σάρκα μίαν.'' None

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5.31 "For this cause a man will leave his father and mother, and will be joined to his wife. The two will become one flesh."'' None

8. New Testament, John, 3.5 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Procreative language • procreation

Found in books: Hellholm et al. (2010), Ablution, Initiation, and Baptism: Late Antiquity, Early Judaism, and Early Christianity, 725; Karfíková (2012), Grace and the Will According to Augustine, 129

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3.5 ἀπεκρίθη ὁ Ἰησοῦς Ἀμὴν ἀμὴν λέγω σοι, ἐὰν μή τις γεννηθῇ ἐξ ὕδατος καὶ πνεύματος, οὐ δύναται εἰσελθεῖν εἰς τὴν βασιλείαν τοῦ θεοῦ.'' None

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3.5 Jesus answered, "Most assuredly I tell you, unless one is born of water and spirit, he can\'t enter into the Kingdom of God! '' None

9. None, None, nan (1st cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Procreation • Procreation, And Creation in the Image • Procreation, The Laws of Procreation

Found in books: Lorberbaum (2015), In God's Image: Myth, Theology, and Law in Classical Judaism, 245, 246, 248; Rosen-Zvi (2011), Demonic Desires: Yetzer Hara and the Problem of Evil in Late Antiquity. 191

10. None, None, nan (2nd cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Augustine, Sex in marriage is for procreation or health • Love, Love, sex, marriage, and procreation, independent of each other • Musonius, Rufus, Stoic, Sex in marriage only for procreation • Philo of Alexandria, Jewish philosopher, Sex in marriage only for procreation • Porphyry, Neoplatonist, Sex in marriage only for procreation • Procreation • Procreation, Relation to marriage, sole purpose, required, not required • procreation

Found in books: Behr (2000), Asceticism and Anthropology in Irenaeus and Clement, 173; Osborne (2010), Clement of Alexandria, 249; Sorabji (2000), Emotion and Peace of Mind: From Stoic Agitation to Christian Temptation, 276

11. None, None, nan (2nd cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Augustine, Sex in marriage is for procreation or health • Love, Love, sex, marriage, and procreation, independent of each other • Musonius, Rufus, Stoic, Sex in marriage only for procreation • Philo of Alexandria, Jewish philosopher, Sex in marriage only for procreation • Porphyry, Neoplatonist, Sex in marriage only for procreation • Procreation • Procreation, Relation to marriage, sole purpose, required, not required

Found in books: Pevarello (2013), The Sentences of Sextus and the Origins of Christian Ascetiscism. 88, 90; Sorabji (2000), Emotion and Peace of Mind: From Stoic Agitation to Christian Temptation, 276

12. Porphyry, Life of Pythagoras, 39 (3rd cent. CE - 4th cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • music, and Pythagorean Precepts on desire and procreation • procreation

Found in books: Huffman (2019), A History of Pythagoreanism, 388; Wolfsdorf (2020), Early Greek Ethics, 707

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39 Moreover, he enjoined the following. A cultivated and fruit-bearing plant, harmless to man and beast, should be neither injured nor destroyed. A deposit of money or of teachings should be faithfully preserved by the trustee. There are three kinds of things that deserve to be pursued and acquired; honorable and virtuous things, those that conduce to the use of life, and those that bring pleasures of the blameless, solid and grave kind, of course not the vulgar intoxicating kinds. of pleasures there were two kinds; one that indulges the bellies and lusts by a profusion of wealth, which he compared to the murderous songs of the Sirens; the other kind consists of things honest, just, and necessary to life, which are just as sweet as the first, without being followed by repentance; and these pleasures he compared to the harmony of the Muses.

13. Augustine, The City of God, 14.20 (4th cent. CE - 5th cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Love, Love, sex, marriage, and procreation, independent of each other • procreation

Found in books: Sorabji (2000), Emotion and Peace of Mind: From Stoic Agitation to Christian Temptation, 274; Trettel (2019), Desires in Paradise: An Interpretative Study of Augustine's City of God 14, 141, 142, 143, 148, 153, 154, 155

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14.20 It is this which those canine or cynic philosophers have overlooked, when they have, in violation of the modest instincts of men, boastfully proclaimed their unclean and shameless opinion, worthy indeed of dogs, viz., that as the matrimonial act is legitimate, no one should be ashamed to perform it openly, in the street or in any public place. Instinctive shame has overborne this wild fancy. For though it is related that Diogenes once dared to put his opinion in practice, under the impression that his sect would be all the more famous if his egregious shamelessness were deeply graven in the memory of mankind, yet this example was not afterwards followed. Shame had more influence with them, to make them blush before men, than error to make them affect a resemblance to dogs. And possibly, even in the case of Diogenes, and those who did imitate him, there was but an appearance and pretence of copulation, and not the reality. Even at this day there are still Cynic philosophers to be seen; for these are Cynics who are not content with being clad in the pallium, but also carry a club; yet no one of them dares to do this that we speak of. If they did, they would be spat upon, not to say stoned, by the mob. Human nature, then, is without doubt ashamed of this lust; and justly so, for the insubordination of these members, and their defiance of the will, are the clear testimony of the punishment of man's first sin. And it was fitting that this should appear specially in those parts by which is generated that nature which has been altered for the worse by that first and great sin - that sin from whose evil connection no one can escape, unless God's grace expiate in him individually that which was perpetrated to the destruction of all in common, when all were in one man, and which was avenged by God's justice. "" None

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