The Ancient Mediterranean Religions Index Database

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11 results for "philodemus"

1. Plato, Gorgias, 471a, 471b, 471c, 471d, 473d, 473c (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Yona, Epicurean Ethics in Horace: The Psychology of Satire (2018) 74

2. Aristotle, Rhetoric, 3.10.6 (4th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •philodemus of gadara, condemnation of cynicism Found in books: Yona, Epicurean Ethics in Horace: The Psychology of Satire (2018) 74

3. Lucilius Gaius, Fragments, 1331 (2nd cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •philodemus of gadara, condemnation of cynicism Found in books: Yona, Epicurean Ethics in Horace: The Psychology of Satire (2018) 74

4. Philodemus, De Oeconomia, 23.15-23.16, 23.23-23.34, 27.35-27.39 (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •philodemus of gadara, condemnation of cynicism Found in books: Yona, Epicurean Ethics in Horace: The Psychology of Satire (2018) 78

5. Philodemus, De Libertate Dicendi, fr. 79.1-12, fr. 28.1-12 (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Yona, Epicurean Ethics in Horace: The Psychology of Satire (2018) 74, 75

6. Philodemus of Gadara, De Ira \ , 3.13, 3.17-3.18 (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •philodemus of gadara, condemnation of cynicism Found in books: Yona, Epicurean Ethics in Horace: The Psychology of Satire (2018) 74

7. Horace, Odes, 2.16.38 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •philodemus of gadara, condemnation of cynicism Found in books: Yona, Epicurean Ethics in Horace: The Psychology of Satire (2018) 78

8. Horace, Letters, 1.10.1-1.10.2, 1.17.18, 1.17.29, 1.17.32, 1.18.5-1.18.8 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •philodemus of gadara, condemnation of cynicism Found in books: Yona, Epicurean Ethics in Horace: The Psychology of Satire (2018) 75

1.10.1. EPISTLE X – TOWN VERSUS COUNTRY – TO ARISTIUS FUSCUS To Fuscus the city-lover I the country-lover Send greetings. To be sure in this one matter we Differ much, but in everything else we’re like twins With brothers’ hearts (if one says no, so does the other) And we nod in agreement like old familiar doves. You guard the nest: I praise the streams and woods And the mossy rocks of a beautiful countryside. In short I live and I reign, as soon as I’ve left What you acclaim to the skies with shouts of joy, Seeing I flee sweet wafers like a priest’s runaway Slave: for it’s bread I want now not honeyed cakes. If we all should live in conformity with Nature, And begin by choosing a site to build a house, Do you know anywhere better than the country? Where are the winters milder? Where does a more welcome Breeze temper the Dog-Star’s rage and the Lion’s charge. When maddened he’s felt the Sun’s piercing darts? Where does Care’s envy trouble our slumber less? Is grass poorer in scent or beauty than Libyan stone? Is water that strains to burst lead pipes in city streets Purer than that which sparkles murmuring down the stream? Why, you yourself nurture trees among marbled pillars, And admire a house with a prospect of distant fields! Drive Nature off with a pitchfork, she’ll still press back, And secretly burst in triumph through your sad disdain.

9. Horace, Sermones, 1.1.50, 1.4.31-1.4.32, 1.4.110 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •philodemus of gadara, condemnation of cynicism Found in books: Yona, Epicurean Ethics in Horace: The Psychology of Satire (2018) 74

10. Lucretius Carus, On The Nature of Things, 3.526-3.1094, 4.1037-4.1287 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •philodemus of gadara, condemnation of cynicism Found in books: Yona, Epicurean Ethics in Horace: The Psychology of Satire (2018) 74

3.526. Denique saepe hominem paulatim cernimus ire 3.527. et membratim vitalem deperdere sensum; 3.528. in pedibus primum digitos livescere et unguis, 3.529. inde pedes et crura mori, post inde per artus 3.530. ire alios tractim gelidi vestigia leti. 3.531. scinditur atque animae haec quoniam natura nec uno 3.532. tempore sincera existit, mortalis habendast. 3.533. quod si forte putas ipsam se posse per artus 3.534. introsum trahere et partis conducere in unum 3.535. atque ideo cunctis sensum diducere membris, 3.536. at locus ille tamen, quo copia tanta animai 3.537. cogitur, in sensu debet maiore videri; 3.538. qui quoniam nusquamst, ni mirum, ut diximus ante, 3.539. dilaniata foras dispargitur, interit ergo. 3.540. quin etiam si iam libeat concedere falsum 3.541. et dare posse animam glomerari in corpore eorum, 3.542. lumina qui lincunt moribundi particulatim, 3.543. mortalem tamen esse animam fateare necesse 3.544. nec refert utrum pereat dispersa per auras 3.545. an contracta suis e partibus obbrutescat, 3.546. quando hominem totum magis ac magis undique sensus 3.547. deficit et vitae minus et minus undique restat. 3.548. Et quoniam mens est hominis pars una locoque 3.549. fixa manet certo, vel ut aures atque oculi sunt 3.550. atque alii sensus qui vitam cumque gubert, 3.551. et vel uti manus atque oculus naresve seorsum 3.552. secreta ab nobis nequeunt sentire neque esse, 3.553. sed tamen in parvo lincuntur tempore tali, 3.554. sic animus per se non quit sine corpore et ipso 3.555. esse homine, illius quasi quod vas esse videtur, 3.556. sive aliud quid vis potius coniunctius ei 3.557. fingere, quandoquidem conexu corpus adhaeret. 3.558. Denique corporis atque animi vivata potestas 3.559. inter se coniuncta valent vitaque fruuntur; 3.560. nec sine corpore enim vitalis edere motus 3.561. sola potest animi per se natura nec autem 3.562. cassum anima corpus durare et sensibus uti. 3.563. scilicet avolsus radicibus ut nequit ullam 3.564. dispicere ipse oculus rem seorsum corpore toto, 3.565. sic anima atque animus per se nil posse videtur. 3.566. ni mirum quia per venas et viscera mixtim, 3.567. per nervos atque ossa tenentur corpore ab omni 3.568. nec magnis intervallis primordia possunt 3.569. libera dissultare, ideo conclusa moventur 3.570. sensiferos motus, quos extra corpus in auras 3.571. aeris aëris haut possunt post mortem eiecta moveri 3.572. propterea quia non simili ratione tenentur; 3.573. corpus enim atque animans erit aer aër, si cohibere 3.574. sese anima atque in eos poterit concludere motus, 3.575. quos ante in nervis et in ipso corpore agebat. 3.576. quare etiam atque etiam resoluto corporis omni 3.577. tegmine et eiectis extra vitalibus auris 3.578. dissolui sensus animi fateare necessest 3.579. atque animam, quoniam coniunctast causa duobus. 3.580. Denique cum corpus nequeat perferre animai 3.581. discidium, quin in taetro tabescat odore, 3.582. quid dubitas quin ex imo penitusque coorta 3.583. emanarit uti fumus diffusa animae vis, 3.584. atque ideo tanta mutatum putre ruina 3.585. conciderit corpus, penitus quia mota loco sunt 3.586. fundamenta foras mat animaeque per artus 3.587. perque viarum omnis flexus, in corpore qui sunt, 3.588. atque foramina? multimodis ut noscere possis 3.589. dispertitam animae naturam exisse per artus 3.590. et prius esse sibi distractam corpore in ipso, 3.591. quam prolapsa foras enaret in aeris aëris auras. 3.592. Quin etiam finis dum vitae vertitur intra, 3.593. saepe aliqua tamen e causa labefacta videtur 3.594. ire anima ac toto solui de corpore tota 3.595. et quasi supremo languescere tempore voltus 3.596. molliaque exsangui cadere omnia corpore membra. 3.597. quod genus est, animo male factum cum perhibetur 3.598. aut animam liquisse; ubi iam trepidatur et omnes 3.599. extremum cupiunt vitae reprehendere vinclum; 3.600. conquassatur enim tum mens animaeque potestas 3.601. omnis. et haec ipso cum corpore conlabefiunt, 3.602. ut gravior paulo possit dissolvere causa. 3.603. Quid dubitas tandem quin extra prodita corpus 3.604. inbecilla foras in aperto, tegmine dempto, 3.605. non modo non omnem possit durare per aevom, 3.606. sed minimum quodvis nequeat consistere tempus? 3.607. nec sibi enim quisquam moriens sentire videtur 3.608. ire foras animam incolumem de corpore toto, 3.609. nec prius ad iugulum et supera succedere fauces, 3.610. verum deficere in certa regione locatam; 3.611. ut sensus alios in parti quemque sua scit 3.612. dissolui. quod si inmortalis nostra foret mens, 3.613. non tam se moriens dissolvi conquereretur, 3.614. sed magis ire foras vestemque relinquere, ut anguis. 3.615. Denique cur animi numquam mens consiliumque 3.616. gignitur in capite aut pedibus manibusve, sed unis 3.617. sedibus et certis regionibus omnibus haeret, 3.618. si non certa loca ad nascendum reddita cuique 3.619. sunt, et ubi quicquid possit durare creatum 3.620. atque ita multimodis partitis artubus esse, 3.621. membrorum ut numquam existat praeposterus ordo? 3.622. usque adeo sequitur res rem, neque flamma creari 3.623. fluminibus solitast neque in igni gignier algor. 3.624. Praeterea si inmortalis natura animaist 3.625. et sentire potest secreta a corpore nostro, 3.626. quinque, ut opinor, eam faciundum est sensibus auctam. 3.627. nec ratione alia nosmet proponere nobis 3.628. possumus infernas animas Acherunte vagare. 3.629. pictores itaque et scriptorum saecla priora 3.630. sic animas intro duxerunt sensibus auctas. 3.631. at neque sorsum oculi neque nares nec manus ipsa 3.632. esse potest animae neque sorsum lingua neque aures; 3.633. haud igitur per se possunt sentire neque esse. 3.634. Et quoniam toto sentimus corpore inesse 3.635. vitalem sensum et totum esse animale videmus, 3.636. si subito medium celeri praeciderit ictu 3.637. vis aliqua, ut sorsum partem secernat utramque, 3.638. dispertita procul dubio quoque vis animai 3.639. et discissa simul cum corpore dissicietur. 3.640. at quod scinditur et partis discedit in ullas, 3.641. scilicet aeternam sibi naturam abnuit esse. 3.642. falciferos memorant currus abscidere membra 3.643. saepe ita de subito permixta caede calentis, 3.644. ut tremere in terra videatur ab artubus id quod 3.645. decidit abscisum, cum mens tamen atque hominis vis 3.646. mobilitate mali non quit sentire dolorem; 3.647. et simul in pugnae studio quod dedita mens est, 3.648. corpore relicuo pugnam caedesque petessit, 3.649. nec tenet amissam laevam cum tegmine saepe 3.650. inter equos abstraxe rotas falcesque rapaces, 3.651. nec cecidisse alius dextram, cum scandit et instat. 3.652. inde alius conatur adempto surgere crure, 3.653. cum digitos agitat propter moribundus humi pes. 3.654. et caput abscisum calido viventeque trunco 3.655. servat humi voltum vitalem oculosque patentis, 3.656. donec reliquias animai reddidit omnes. 3.657. quin etiam tibi si, lingua vibrante, miti 3.658. serpentis cauda, procero corpore, utrumque 3.659. sit libitum in multas partis discidere ferro, 3.660. omnia iam sorsum cernes ancisa recenti 3.661. volnere tortari et terram conspargere tabo, 3.662. ipsam seque retro partem petere ore priorem, 3.663. volneris ardenti ut morsu premat icta dolore. 3.664. omnibus esse igitur totas dicemus in illis 3.665. particulis animas? at ea ratione sequetur 3.666. unam animantem animas habuisse in corpore multas. 3.667. ergo divisast ea quae fuit una simul cum 3.668. corpore; quapropter mortale utrumque putandumst, 3.669. in multas quoniam partis disciditur aeque. 3.670. Praeterea si inmortalis natura animai 3.671. constat et in corpus nascentibus insinuatur, 3.672. cur super ante actam aetatem meminisse nequimus 3.673. nec vestigia gestarum rerum ulla tenemus? 3.674. nam si tanto operest animi mutata potestas, 3.675. omnis ut actarum exciderit retinentia rerum, 3.676. non, ut opinor, id ab leto iam longius errat; 3.677. qua propter fateare necessest quae fuit ante 3.678. interiisse, et quae nunc est nunc esse creatam. 3.679. Praeterea si iam perfecto corpore nobis 3.680. inferri solitast animi vivata potestas 3.681. tum cum gignimur et vitae cum limen inimus, 3.682. haud ita conveniebat uti cum corpore et una 3.683. cum membris videatur in ipso sanguine cresse, 3.684. sed vel ut in cavea per se sibi vivere solam 3.685. convenit, ut sensu corpus tamen affluat omne. 3.686. quare etiam atque etiam neque originis esse putandumst 3.687. expertis animas nec leti lege solutas; 3.688. nam neque tanto opere adnecti potuisse putandumst 3.689. corporibus nostris extrinsecus insinuatas, 3.690. quod fieri totum contra manifesta docet res 3.691. aenamque ænamque ita conexa est per venas viscera nervos 3.692. ossaque, uti dentes quoque sensu participentur; 3.693. morbus ut indicat et gelidai stringor aquai 3.694. et lapis oppressus subitis e frugibus asperae asperæ 3.695. nec, tam contextae cum sint, exire videntur 3.696. incolumes posse et salvas exsolvere sese 3.697. omnibus e nervis atque ossibus articulisque, 3.698. quod si forte putas extrinsecus insinuatam 3.699. permanare animam nobis per membra solere, 3.700. tanto quique magis cum corpore fusa peribit; 3.701. quod permanat enim, dissolvitur, interit ergo; 3.702. dispertitur enim per caulas corporis omnis. 3.703. ut cibus, in membra atque artus cum diditur omnis, 3.704. disperit atque aliam naturam sufficit ex se, 3.705. sic anima atque animus quamvis est integra recens in 3.706. corpus eunt, tamen in mado dissoluuntur, 3.707. dum quasi per caulas omnis diduntur in artus 3.708. particulae quibus haec animi natura creatur, 3.709. quae nunc in nostro dominatur corpore nata 3.710. ex illa quae tunc periit partita per artus. 3.711. quapropter neque natali privata videtur 3.712. esse die natura animae nec funeris expers. 3.713. Semina praeterea linquontur necne animai 3.714. corpore in exanimo? quod si lincuntur et insunt, 3.715. haut erit ut merito inmortalis possit haberi, 3.716. partibus amissis quoniam libata recessit. 3.717. sin ita sinceris membris ablata profugit, 3.718. ut nullas partis in corpore liquerit ex se, 3.719. unde cadavera rancenti iam viscere vermes 3.720. expirant atque unde animantum copia tanta 3.721. exos et exanguis tumidos perfluctuat artus? 3.722. quod si forte animas extrinsecus insinuari? 3.723. vermibus et privas in corpora posse venire 3.724. credis nec reputas cur milia multa animarum 3.725. conveniant unde una recesserit, hoc tamen est ut 3.726. quaerendum videatur et in discrimen agendum, 3.727. utrum tandem animae venentur semina quaeque 3.728. vermiculorum ipsaeque sibi fabricentur ubi sint, 3.729. an quasi corporibus perfectis insinuentur. 3.730. at neque cur faciant ipsae quareve laborent 3.731. dicere suppeditat. neque enim, sine corpore cum sunt, 3.732. sollicitae volitant morbis alguque fameque; 3.733. corpus enim magis his vitiis adfine laborat, 3.734. et mala multa animus contage fungitur eius. 3.735. sed tamen his esto quamvis facere utile corpus, 3.736. cum subeant; at qua possint via nulla videtur. 3.737. haut igitur faciunt animae sibi corpora et artus. 3.738. nec tamen est ut qui cum perfectis insinuentur 3.739. corporibus; neque enim poterunt suptiliter esse 3.740. conexae neque consensu contagia fient. 3.741. Denique cur acris violentia triste leonum 3.742. seminium sequitur, volpes dolus, et fuga cervos? 3.743. a patribus datur et a patrius pavor incitat artus, 3.744. et iam cetera de genere hoc cur omnia membris 3.745. ex ineunte aevo generascunt ingenioque, 3.746. si non, certa suo quia semine seminioque 3.747. vis animi pariter crescit cum corpore quoque? 3.748. quod si inmortalis foret et mutare soleret 3.749. corpora, permixtis animantes moribus essent, 3.750. effugeret canis Hyrcano de semine saepe 3.751. cornigeri incursum cervi tremeretque per auras 3.752. aeris aëris accipiter fugiens veniente columba, 3.753. desiperent homines, saperent fera saecla ferarum. 3.754. illud enim falsa fertur ratione, quod aiunt 3.755. inmortalem animam mutato corpore flecti; 3.756. quod mutatur enim, dissolvitur, interit ergo; 3.757. traiciuntur enim partes atque ordine migrant; 3.758. quare dissolui quoque debent posse per artus, 3.759. denique ut intereant una cum corpore cunctae. 3.760. sin animas hominum dicent in corpora semper 3.761. ire humana, tamen quaeram cur e sapienti 3.762. stulta queat fieri, nec prudens sit puer ullus, 3.763. si non, certa suo quia semine seminioque 3.764. nec tam doctus equae pullus quam fortis equi vis. 3.765. scilicet in tenero tenerascere corpore mentem 3.766. confugient. quod si iam fit, fateare necessest 3.767. mortalem esse animam, quoniam mutata per artus 3.768. tanto opere amittit vitam sensumque priorem. 3.769. quove modo poterit pariter cum corpore quoque 3.770. confirmata cupitum aetatis tangere florem 3.771. vis animi, nisi erit consors in origine prima? 3.772. quidve foras sibi vult membris exire senectis? 3.773. an metuit conclusa manere in corpore putri 3.774. et domus aetatis spatio ne fessa vetusto 3.775. obruat? at non sunt immortali ulla pericla. 3.776. Denique conubia ad Veneris partusque ferarum 3.777. esse animas praesto deridiculum esse videtur, 3.778. expectare immortalis mortalia membra 3.779. innumero numero certareque praeproperanter 3.780. inter se quae prima potissimaque insinuetur; 3.781. si non forte ita sunt animarum foedera pacta, 3.782. ut quae prima volans advenerit insinuetur 3.783. prima neque inter se contendant viribus hilum. 3.784. Denique in aethere non arbor, non aequore in alto 3.785. nubes esse queunt nec pisces vivere in arvis 3.786. nec cruor in lignis neque saxis sucus inesse. 3.787. certum ac dispositumst ubi quicquid crescat et insit. 3.788. sic animi natura nequit sine corpore oriri 3.789. sola neque a nervis et sanguine longius esse. 3.790. quod si posset enim, multo prius ipsa animi vis 3.791. in capite aut umeris aut imis calcibus esse 3.792. posset et innasci quavis in parte soleret, 3.793. tandem in eodem homine atque in eodem vase manere. 3.794. quod quoniam nostro quoque constat corpore certum 3.795. dispositumque videtur ubi esse et crescere possit 3.796. sorsum anima atque animus, tanto magis infitiandum 3.797. totum posse extra corpus durare genique. 3.798. quare, corpus ubi interiit, periisse necessest 3.799. confiteare animam distractam in corpore toto. 3.800. quippe etenim mortale aeterno iungere et una 3.801. consentire putare et fungi mutua posse 3.802. desiperest; quid enim diversius esse putandumst 3.803. aut magis inter se disiunctum discrepitansque, 3.804. quam mortale quod est inmortali atque perenni 3.805. iunctum in concilio saevas tolerare procellas? 3.806. praeterea quaecumque manent aeterna necessest 3.807. aut quia sunt solido cum corpore respuere ictus 3.808. nec penetrare pati sibi quicquam quod queat artas 3.809. dissociare intus partis, ut materiai 3.810. corpora sunt, quorum naturam ostendimus ante, 3.811. aut ideo durare aetatem posse per omnem, 3.812. plagarum quia sunt expertia sicut iest, 3.813. quod manet intactum neque ab ictu fungitur hilum, 3.814. aut etiam quia nulla loci sit copia circum, 3.815. quo quasi res possint discedere dissoluique, 3.816. sicut summarum summast aeterna, neque extra 3.817. quis locus est quo diffugiant neque corpora sunt quae 3.818. possint incidere et valida dissolvere plaga. 3.819. Quod si forte ideo magis inmortalis habendast, 3.820. quod vitalibus ab rebus munita tenetur, 3.821. aut quia non veniunt omnino aliena salutis, 3.822. aut quia quae veniunt aliqua ratione recedunt 3.823. pulsa prius quam quid noceant sentire queamus, 3.824. praeter enim quam quod morbis cum corporis aegret, 3.825. advenit id quod eam de rebus saepe futuris 3.826. macerat inque metu male habet curisque fatigat, 3.827. praeteritisque male admissis peccata remordent. 3.828. adde furorem animi proprium atque oblivia rerum, 3.829. adde quod in nigras lethargi mergitur undas. 3.830. Nil igitur mors est ad nos neque pertinet hilum, 3.831. quandoquidem natura animi mortalis habetur. 3.832. et vel ut ante acto nihil tempore sensimus aegri, 3.833. ad confligendum venientibus undique Poenis, 3.834. omnia cum belli trepido concussa tumultu 3.835. horrida contremuere sub altis aetheris auris, 3.836. in dubioque fuere utrorum ad regna cadendum 3.837. omnibus humanis esset terraque marique, 3.838. sic, ubi non erimus, cum corporis atque animai 3.839. discidium fuerit, quibus e sumus uniter apti, 3.840. scilicet haud nobis quicquam, qui non erimus tum, 3.841. accidere omnino poterit sensumque movere, 3.842. non si terra mari miscebitur et mare caelo. 3.843. et si iam nostro sentit de corpore postquam 3.844. distractast animi natura animaeque potestas, 3.845. nil tamen est ad nos, qui comptu coniugioque 3.846. corporis atque animae consistimus uniter apti. 3.847. nec, si materiem nostram collegerit aetas 3.848. post obitum rursumque redegerit ut sita nunc est, 3.849. atque iterum nobis fuerint data lumina vitae, 3.850. pertineat quicquam tamen ad nos id quoque factum, 3.851. interrupta semel cum sit repetentia nostri. 3.852. et nunc nil ad nos de nobis attinet, ante 3.853. qui fuimus, neque iam de illis nos adficit angor. 3.854. nam cum respicias inmensi temporis omne 3.855. praeteritum spatium, tum motus materiai 3.856. multimodi quam sint, facile hoc adcredere possis, 3.857. semina saepe in eodem, ut nunc sunt, ordine posta 3.858. haec eadem, quibus e nunc nos sumus, ante fuisse. 3.859. nec memori tamen id quimus reprehendere mente; 3.860. inter enim iectast vitai pausa vageque 3.861. deerrarunt passim motus ab sensibus omnes. 3.862. debet enim, misere si forte aegreque futurumst; 3.863. ipse quoque esse in eo tum tempore, cui male possit 3.864. accidere. id quoniam mors eximit, esseque prohibet 3.865. illum cui possint incommoda conciliari, 3.866. scire licet nobis nihil esse in morte timendum 3.867. nec miserum fieri qui non est posse, neque hilum 3.868. differre an nullo fuerit iam tempore natus, 3.869. mortalem vitam mors cum inmortalis ademit. 3.870. Proinde ubi se videas hominem indignarier ipsum, 3.871. post mortem fore ut aut putescat corpore posto 3.872. aut flammis interfiat malisve ferarum, 3.873. scire licet non sincerum sonere atque subesse 3.874. caecum aliquem cordi stimulum, quamvis neget ipse 3.875. credere se quemquam sibi sensum in morte futurum; 3.876. non, ut opinor, enim dat quod promittit et unde 3.877. nec radicitus e vita se tollit et eicit, 3.878. sed facit esse sui quiddam super inscius ipse. 3.879. vivus enim sibi cum proponit quisque futurum, 3.880. corpus uti volucres lacerent in morte feraeque, 3.881. ipse sui miseret; neque enim se dividit illim 3.882. nec removet satis a proiecto corpore et illum 3.883. se fingit sensuque suo contaminat astans. 3.884. hinc indignatur se mortalem esse creatum 3.885. nec videt in vera nullum fore morte alium se, 3.886. qui possit vivus sibi se lugere peremptum 3.887. stansque iacentem se lacerari urive dolere. 3.888. nam si in morte malumst malis morsuque ferarum 3.889. tractari, non invenio qui non sit acerbum 3.890. ignibus inpositum calidis torrescere flammis 3.891. aut in melle situm suffocari atque rigere 3.892. frigore, cum summo gelidi cubat aequore saxi, 3.893. urgerive superne obrutum pondere terrae. 3.894. 'Iam iam non domus accipiet te laeta neque uxor 3.895. optima, nec dulces occurrent oscula nati 3.896. praeripere et tacita pectus dulcedine tangent. 3.897. non poteris factis florentibus esse tuisque 3.898. praesidium. misero misere' aiunt 'omnia ademit 3.899. una dies infesta tibi tot praemia vitae.' 3.900. illud in his rebus non addunt 'nec tibi earum 3.901. iam desiderium rerum super insidet una.' 3.902. quod bene si videant animo dictisque sequantur, 3.903. dissoluant animi magno se angore metuque. 3.904. 'tu quidem ut es leto sopitus, sic eris aevi 3.905. quod super est cunctis privatus doloribus aegris; 3.906. at nos horrifico cinefactum te prope busto 3.907. insatiabiliter deflevimus, aeternumque 3.908. nulla dies nobis maerorem e pectore demet.' 3.909. illud ab hoc igitur quaerendum est, quid sit amari 3.910. tanto opere, ad somnum si res redit atque quietem, 3.911. cur quisquam aeterno possit tabescere luctu. 3.912. Hoc etiam faciunt ubi discubuere tenentque 3.913. pocula saepe homines et inumbrant ora coronis, 3.914. ex animo ut dicant: 'brevis hic est fructus homullis; 3.915. iam fuerit neque post umquam revocare licebit.' 3.916. tam quam in morte mali cum primis hoc sit eorum, 3.917. quod sitis exurat miseros atque arida torrat, 3.918. aut aliae cuius desiderium insideat rei. 3.919. nec sibi enim quisquam tum se vitamque requiret, 3.920. cum pariter mens et corpus sopita quiescunt; 3.921. nam licet aeternum per nos sic esse soporem, 3.922. nec desiderium nostri nos adficit ullum, 3.923. et tamen haud quaquam nostros tunc illa per artus 3.924. longe ab sensiferis primordia motibus errant, 3.925. cum correptus homo ex somno se colligit ipse. 3.926. multo igitur mortem minus ad nos esse putandumst, 3.927. si minus esse potest quam quod nihil esse videmus; 3.928. maior enim turbae disiectus materiai 3.929. consequitur leto nec quisquam expergitus extat, 3.930. frigida quem semel est vitai pausa secuta. 3.931. Denique si vocem rerum natura repente. 3.932. mittat et hoc alicui nostrum sic increpet ipsa: 3.933. 'quid tibi tanto operest, mortalis, quod nimis aegris 3.934. luctibus indulges? quid mortem congemis ac fles? 3.935. nam si grata fuit tibi vita ante acta priorque 3.936. et non omnia pertusum congesta quasi in vas 3.937. commoda perfluxere atque ingrata interiere; 3.938. cur non ut plenus vitae conviva recedis 3.939. aequo animoque capis securam, stulte, quietem? 3.940. sin ea quae fructus cumque es periere profusa 3.941. vitaque in offensost, cur amplius addere quaeris, 3.942. rursum quod pereat male et ingratum occidat omne, 3.943. non potius vitae finem facis atque laboris? 3.944. nam tibi praeterea quod machiner inveniamque, 3.945. quod placeat, nihil est; eadem sunt omnia semper. 3.946. si tibi non annis corpus iam marcet et artus 3.947. confecti languent, eadem tamen omnia restant, 3.948. omnia si perges vivendo vincere saecla, 3.949. atque etiam potius, si numquam sis moriturus', 3.950. quid respondemus, nisi iustam intendere litem 3.951. naturam et veram verbis exponere causam? 3.952. grandior hic vero si iam seniorque queratur 3.953. atque obitum lamentetur miser amplius aequo, 3.954. non merito inclamet magis et voce increpet acri: 3.955. 'aufer abhinc lacrimas, baratre, et compesce querellas. 3.956. omnia perfunctus vitai praemia marces; 3.957. sed quia semper aves quod abest, praesentia temnis, 3.958. inperfecta tibi elapsast ingrataque vita, 3.959. et nec opiti mors ad caput adstitit ante 3.960. quam satur ac plenus possis discedere rerum. 3.961. nunc aliena tua tamen aetate omnia mitte 3.962. aequo animoque, age dum, magnis concede necessis?' 3.963. iure, ut opinor, agat, iure increpet inciletque; 3.964. cedit enim rerum novitate extrusa vetustas 3.965. semper, et ex aliis aliud reparare necessest. 3.966. Nec quisquam in barathrum nec Tartara deditur atra; 3.967. materies opus est, ut crescant postera saecla; 3.968. quae tamen omnia te vita perfuncta sequentur; 3.969. nec minus ergo ante haec quam tu cecidere cadentque. 3.970. sic alid ex alio numquam desistet oriri 3.971. vitaque mancipio nulli datur, omnibus usu. 3.972. respice item quam nil ad nos ante acta vetustas 3.973. temporis aeterni fuerit, quam nascimur ante. 3.974. hoc igitur speculum nobis natura futuri 3.975. temporis exponit post mortem denique nostram. 3.976. numquid ibi horribile apparet, num triste videtur 3.977. quicquam, non omni somno securius exstat? 3.978. Atque ea ni mirum quae cumque Acherunte profundo 3.979. prodita sunt esse, in vita sunt omnia nobis. 3.980. nec miser inpendens magnum timet aere aëre saxum 3.981. Tantalus, ut famast, cassa formidine torpens; 3.982. sed magis in vita divom metus urget iis 3.983. mortalis casumque timent quem cuique ferat fors. 3.984. nec Tityon volucres ineunt Acherunte iacentem 3.985. nec quod sub magno scrutentur pectore quicquam 3.986. perpetuam aetatem possunt reperire profecto. 3.987. quam libet immani proiectu corporis exstet, 3.988. qui non sola novem dispessis iugera membris 3.989. optineat, sed qui terrai totius orbem, 3.990. non tamen aeternum poterit perferre dolorem 3.991. nec praebere cibum proprio de corpore semper. 3.992. sed Tityos nobis hic est, in amore iacentem 3.993. quem volucres lacerant atque exest anxius angor 3.994. aut alia quavis scindunt cuppedine curae. 3.995. Sisyphus in vita quoque nobis ante oculos est, 3.996. qui petere a populo fasces saevasque secures 3.997. imbibit et semper victus tristisque recedit. 3.998. nam petere imperium, quod iest nec datur umquam, 3.999. atque in eo semper durum sufferre laborem, 3.1000. hoc est adverso nixantem trudere monte 3.1001. saxum, quod tamen e summo iam vertice rusum 3.1002. volvitur et plani raptim petit aequora campi. 3.1003. deinde animi ingratam naturam pascere semper 3.1004. atque explere bonis rebus satiareque numquam, 3.1005. quod faciunt nobis annorum tempora, circum 3.1006. cum redeunt fetusque ferunt variosque lepores, 3.1007. nec tamen explemur vitai fructibus umquam, 3.1008. hoc, ut opinor, id est, aevo florente puellas 3.1009. quod memorant laticem pertusum congerere in vas, 3.1010. quod tamen expleri nulla ratione potestur. 3.1011. Cerberus et Furiae iam vero et lucis egestas, 3.1012. Tartarus horriferos eructans faucibus aestus! 3.1013. qui neque sunt usquam nec possunt esse profecto; 3.1014. sed metus in vita poenarum pro male factis 3.1015. est insignibus insignis scelerisque luela, 3.1016. carcer et horribilis de saxo iactus deorsum, 3.1017. verbera carnifices robur pix lammina taedae; 3.1018. quae tamen etsi absunt, at mens sibi conscia factis 3.1019. praemetuens adhibet stimulos torretque flagellis, 3.1020. nec videt interea qui terminus esse malorum 3.1021. possit nec quae sit poenarum denique finis, 3.1022. atque eadem metuit magis haec ne in morte gravescant. 3.1023. hic Acherusia fit stultorum denique vita. 3.1024. Hoc etiam tibi tute interdum dicere possis. 3.1025. 'lumina sis oculis etiam bonus Ancus reliquit, 3.1026. qui melior multis quam tu fuit, improbe, rebus. 3.1027. inde alii multi reges rerumque potentes 3.1028. occiderunt, magnis qui gentibus imperitarunt. 3.1029. ille quoque ipse, viam qui quondam per mare magnum 3.1030. stravit iterque dedit legionibus ire per altum 3.1031. ac pedibus salsas docuit super ire lucunas 3.1032. et contempsit equis insultans murmura ponti, 3.1033. lumine adempto animam moribundo corpore fudit. 3.1034. Scipiadas, belli fulmen, Carthaginis horror, 3.1035. ossa dedit terrae proinde ac famul infimus esset. 3.1036. adde repertores doctrinarum atque leporum, 3.1037. adde Heliconiadum comites; quorum unus Homerus 3.1038. sceptra potitus eadem aliis sopitus quietest. 3.1039. denique Democritum post quam matura vetustas 3.1040. admonuit memores motus languescere mentis, 3.1041. sponte sua leto caput obvius optulit ipse. 3.1042. ipse Epicurus obit decurso lumine vitae, 3.1043. qui genus humanum ingenio superavit et omnis 3.1044. restinxit stellas exortus ut aetherius sol. 3.1045. tu vero dubitabis et indignabere obire? 3.1046. mortua cui vita est prope iam vivo atque videnti, 3.1047. qui somno partem maiorem conteris aevi, 3.1048. et viligans stertis nec somnia cernere cessas 3.1049. sollicitamque geris cassa formidine mentem 3.1050. nec reperire potes tibi quid sit saepe mali, cum 3.1051. ebrius urgeris multis miser undique curis 3.1052. atque animo incerto fluitans errore vagaris.' 3.1053. Si possent homines, proinde ac sentire videntur 3.1054. pondus inesse animo, quod se gravitate fatiget, 3.1055. e quibus id fiat causis quoque noscere et unde 3.1056. tanta mali tam quam moles in pectore constet, 3.1057. haut ita vitam agerent, ut nunc plerumque videmus 3.1058. quid sibi quisque velit nescire et quaerere semper, 3.1059. commutare locum, quasi onus deponere possit. 3.1060. exit saepe foras magnis ex aedibus ille, 3.1061. esse domi quem pertaesumst, subitoque revertit, 3.1062. quippe foris nihilo melius qui sentiat esse. 3.1063. currit agens mannos ad villam praecipitanter 3.1064. auxilium tectis quasi ferre ardentibus instans; 3.1065. oscitat extemplo, tetigit cum limina villae, 3.1066. aut abit in somnum gravis atque oblivia quaerit, 3.1067. aut etiam properans urbem petit atque revisit. 3.1068. hoc se quisque modo fugit, at quem scilicet, ut fit, 3.1069. effugere haut potis est: ingratius haeret et odit 3.1070. propterea, morbi quia causam non tenet aeger; 3.1071. quam bene si videat, iam rebus quisque relictis 3.1072. naturam primum studeat cognoscere rerum, 3.1073. temporis aeterni quoniam, non unius horae, 3.1074. ambigitur status, in quo sit mortalibus omnis 3.1075. aetas, post mortem quae restat cumque manendo. 3.1076. Denique tanto opere in dubiis trepidare periclis 3.1077. quae mala nos subigit vitai tanta cupido? 3.1078. certe equidem finis vitae mortalibus adstat 3.1079. nec devitari letum pote, quin obeamus. 3.1080. praeterea versamur ibidem atque insumus usque 3.1081. nec nova vivendo procuditur ulla voluptas; 3.1082. sed dum abest quod avemus, id exsuperare videtur 3.1083. cetera; post aliud, cum contigit illud, avemus 3.1084. et sitis aequa tenet vitai semper hiantis. 3.1085. posteraque in dubiost fortunam quam vehat aetas, 3.1086. quidve ferat nobis casus quive exitus instet. 3.1087. nec prorsum vitam ducendo demimus hilum 3.1088. tempore de mortis nec delibare valemus, 3.1089. quo minus esse diu possimus forte perempti. 3.1090. proinde licet quod vis vivendo condere saecla, 3.1091. mors aeterna tamen nihilo minus illa manebit, 3.1092. nec minus ille diu iam non erit, ex hodierno 3.1093. lumine qui finem vitai fecit, et ille, 3.1094. mensibus atque annis qui multis occidit ante. 4.1037. Sollicitatur id in nobis, quod diximus ante, 4.1038. semen, adulta aetas cum primum roborat artus. 4.1039. namque alias aliud res commovet atque lacessit; 4.1040. ex homine humanum semen ciet una hominis vis. 4.1041. quod simul atque suis eiectum sedibus exit, 4.1042. per membra atque artus decedit corpore toto, 4.1043. in loca conveniens nervorum certa cietque 4.1044. continuo partis genitalis corporis ipsas. 4.1045. inritata tument loca semine fitque voluntas 4.1046. eicere id quo se contendit dira lubido, 4.1047. incitat inritans loca turgida semine multo 4.1048. idque petit corpus, mens unde est saucia amore; 4.1049. namque omnes plerumque cadunt in vulnus et illam 4.1050. emicat in partem sanguis, unde icimur ictu, 4.1051. et si comminus est, hostem ruber occupat umor. 4.1052. sic igitur Veneris qui telis accipit ictus, 4.1053. sive puer membris muliebribus hunc iaculatur 4.1054. seu mulier toto iactans e corpore amorem, 4.1055. unde feritur, eo tendit gestitque coire 4.1056. et iacere umorem in corpus de corpore ductum; 4.1057. namque voluptatem praesagit muta cupido. 4.1058. Haec Venus est nobis; hinc autemst nomen Amoris, 4.1059. hinc illaec primum Veneris dulcedinis in cor 4.1060. stillavit gutta et successit frigida cura; 4.1061. nam si abest quod ames, praesto simulacra tamen sunt 4.1062. illius et nomen dulce obversatur ad auris. 4.1063. sed fugitare decet simulacra et pabula amoris 4.1064. absterrere sibi atque alio convertere mentem 4.1065. et iacere umorem coniectum in corpora quaeque 4.1066. nec retinere semel conversum unius amore 4.1067. et servare sibi curam certumque dolorem; 4.1068. ulcus enim vivescit et inveterascit alendo 4.1069. inque dies gliscit furor atque aerumna gravescit, 4.1070. si non prima novis conturbes volnera plagis 4.1071. volgivagaque vagus Venere ante recentia cures 4.1072. aut alio possis animi traducere motus. 4.1073. Nec Veneris fructu caret is qui vitat amorem, 4.1074. sed potius quae sunt sine poena commoda sumit; 4.1075. nam certe purast sanis magis inde voluptas 4.1076. quam miseris; etenim potiundi tempore in ipso 4.1077. fluctuat incertis erroribus ardor amantum 4.1078. nec constat quid primum oculis manibusque fruantur. 4.1079. quod petiere, premunt arte faciuntque dolorem 4.1080. corporis et dentes inlidunt saepe labellis 4.1081. osculaque adfigunt, quia non est pura voluptas 4.1082. et stimuli subsunt, qui instigant laedere id ipsum, 4.1083. quod cumque est, rabies unde illaec germina surgunt. 4.1084. sed leviter poenas frangit Venus inter amorem 4.1085. blandaque refrenat morsus admixta voluptas. 4.1086. namque in eo spes est, unde est ardoris origo, 4.1087. restingui quoque posse ab eodem corpore flammam. 4.1088. quod fieri contra totum natura repugnat; 4.1089. unaque res haec est, cuius quam plurima habemus, 4.1090. tam magis ardescit dira cuppedine pectus. 4.1091. nam cibus atque umor membris adsumitur intus; 4.1092. quae quoniam certas possunt obsidere partis, 4.1093. hoc facile expletur laticum frugumque cupido. 4.1094. ex hominis vero facie pulchroque colore 4.1095. nil datur in corpus praeter simulacra fruendum 4.1096. tenvia; quae vento spes raptast saepe misella. 4.1097. ut bibere in somnis sitiens quom quaerit et umor 4.1098. non datur, ardorem qui membris stinguere possit, 4.1099. sed laticum simulacra petit frustraque laborat 4.1100. in medioque sitit torrenti flumine potans, 4.1101. sic in amore Venus simulacris ludit amantis, 4.1102. nec satiare queunt spectando corpora coram 4.1103. nec manibus quicquam teneris abradere membris 4.1104. possunt errantes incerti corpore toto. 4.1105. denique cum membris conlatis flore fruuntur 4.1106. aetatis, iam cum praesagit gaudia corpus 4.1107. atque in eost Venus ut muliebria conserat arva, 4.1108. adfigunt avide corpus iunguntque salivas 4.1109. oris et inspirant pressantes dentibus ora, 4.1110. ne quiquam, quoniam nihil inde abradere possunt 4.1111. nec penetrare et abire in corpus corpore toto; 4.1112. nam facere inter dum velle et certare videntur. 4.1113. usque adeo cupide in Veneris compagibus haerent, 4.1114. membra voluptatis dum vi labefacta liquescunt. 4.1115. tandem ubi se erupit nervis coniecta cupido, 4.1116. parva fit ardoris violenti pausa parumper. 4.1117. inde redit rabies eadem et furor ille revisit, 4.1118. cum sibi quod cupiant ipsi contingere quaerunt, 4.1119. nec reperire malum id possunt quae machina vincat. 4.1120. usque adeo incerti tabescunt volnere caeco. 4.1121. Adde quod absumunt viris pereuntque labore, 4.1122. adde quod alterius sub nutu degitur aetas, 4.1123. languent officia atque aegrotat fama vacillans. 4.1124. labitur interea res et Babylonia fiunt 4.1125. unguenta et pulchra in pedibus Sicyonia rident, 4.1126. scilicet et grandes viridi cum luce zmaragdi 4.1127. auro includuntur teriturque thalassina vestis 4.1128. adsidue et Veneris sudorem exercita potat. 4.1129. et bene parta patrum fiunt anademata, mitrae, 4.1130. inter dum in pallam atque Alidensia Ciaque vertunt. 4.1131. eximia veste et victu convivia, ludi, 4.1132. pocula crebra, unguenta, coronae, serta parantur, 4.1133. ne quiquam, quoniam medio de fonte leporum 4.1134. surgit amari aliquid, quod in ipsis floribus angat, 4.1135. aut cum conscius ipse animus se forte remordet 4.1136. desidiose agere aetatem lustrisque perire, 4.1137. aut quod in ambiguo verbum iaculata reliquit, 4.1138. quod cupido adfixum cordi vivescit ut ignis, 4.1139. aut nimium iactare oculos aliumve tueri 4.1140. quod putat in voltuque videt vestigia risus. 4.1141. Atque in amore mala haec proprio summeque secundo 4.1142. inveniuntur; in adverso vero atque inopi sunt, 4.1143. prendere quae possis oculorum lumine operto. 4.1144. innumerabilia; ut melius vigilare sit ante, 4.1145. qua docui ratione, cavereque, ne inliciaris. 4.1146. nam vitare, plagas in amoris ne iaciamur, 4.1147. non ita difficile est quam captum retibus ipsis 4.1148. exire et validos Veneris perrumpere nodos. 4.1149. et tamen implicitus quoque possis inque peditus 4.1150. effugere infestum, nisi tute tibi obvius obstes 4.1151. et praetermittas animi vitia omnia primum 4.1152. aut quae corporis sunt eius, quam praepetis ac vis. 4.1153. nam faciunt homines plerumque cupidine caeci 4.1154. et tribuunt ea quae non sunt his commoda vere. 4.1155. multimodis igitur pravas turpisque videmus 4.1156. esse in deliciis summoque in honore vigere. 4.1157. atque alios alii inrident Veneremque suadent 4.1158. ut placent, quoniam foedo adflictentur amore, 4.1159. nec sua respiciunt miseri mala maxima saepe. 4.1160. nigra melichrus est, inmunda et fetida acosmos, 4.1161. caesia Palladium, nervosa et lignea dorcas, 4.1162. parvula, pumilio, chariton mia, tota merum sal, 4.1163. magna atque inmanis cataplexis plenaque honoris. 4.1164. balba loqui non quit, traulizi, muta pudens est; 4.1165. at flagrans, odiosa, loquacula Lampadium fit. 4.1166. ischnon eromenion tum fit, cum vivere non quit 4.1167. prae macie; rhadine verost iam mortua tussi. 4.1168. at nimia et mammosa Ceres est ipsa ab Iaccho, 4.1169. simula Silena ac Saturast, labeosa philema. 4.1170. cetera de genere hoc longum est si dicere coner. 4.1171. sed tamen esto iam quantovis oris honore, 4.1172. cui Veneris membris vis omnibus exoriatur; 4.1173. nempe aliae quoque sunt; nempe hac sine viximus ante; 4.1174. nempe eadem facit et scimus facere omnia turpi 4.1175. et miseram taetris se suffit odoribus ipsa, 4.1176. quam famulae longe fugitant furtimque cachint. 4.1177. at lacrimans exclusus amator limina saepe 4.1178. floribus et sertis operit postisque superbos 4.1179. unguit amaracino et foribus miser oscula figit; 4.1180. quem si iam ammissum venientem offenderit aura 4.1181. una modo, causas abeundi quaerat honestas 4.1182. et meditata diu cadat alte sumpta querella 4.1183. stultitiaque ibi se damnet, tribuisse quod illi 4.1184. plus videat quam mortali concedere par est. 4.1185. nec Veneres nostras hoc fallit; quo magis ipsae 4.1186. omnia summo opere hos vitae poscaenia celant, 4.1187. quos retinere volunt adstrictosque esse in amore, 4.1188. ne quiquam, quoniam tu animo tamen omnia possis 4.1189. protrahere in lucem atque omnis inquirere risus 4.1190. et, si bello animost et non odiosa, vicissim 4.1191. praetermittere et humanis concedere rebus. 4.1192. Nec mulier semper ficto suspirat amore, 4.1193. quae conplexa viri corpus cum corpore iungit 4.1194. et tenet adsuctis umectans oscula labris; 4.1195. nam facit ex animo saepe et communia quaerens 4.1196. gaudia sollicitat spatium decurrere amoris. 4.1197. nec ratione alia volucres armenta feraeque 4.1198. et pecudes et equae maribus subsidere possent, 4.1199. si non, ipsa quod illarum subat, ardet abundans 4.1200. natura et Venerem salientum laeta retractat. 4.1201. nonne vides etiam quos mutua saepe voluptas 4.1202. vinxit, ut in vinclis communibus excrucientur, 4.1203. in triviis cum saepe canes discedere aventis 4.1204. divorsi cupide summis ex viribus tendunt, 4.1205. quom interea validis Veneris compagibus haerent? 4.1206. quod facerent numquam, nisi mutua gaudia nossent, 4.1207. quae iacere in fraudem possent vinctosque tenere. 4.1208. quare etiam atque etiam, ut dico, est communis voluptas. 4.1209. Et commiscendo quom semine forte virilem 4.1210. femina vim vicit subita vi corripuitque, 4.1211. tum similes matrum materno semine fiunt, 4.1212. ut patribus patrio. sed quos utriusque figurae 4.1213. esse vides, iuxtim miscentes vulta parentum, 4.1214. corpore de patrio et materno sanguine crescunt, 4.1215. semina cum Veneris stimulis excita per artus 4.1216. obvia conflixit conspirans mutuus ardor, 4.1217. et neque utrum superavit eorum nec superatumst. 4.1218. fit quoque ut inter dum similes existere avorum 4.1219. possint et referant proavorum saepe figuras, 4.1220. propterea quia multa modis primordia multis 4.1221. mixta suo celant in corpore saepe parentis, 4.1222. quae patribus patres tradunt a stirpe profecta. 4.1223. inde Venus varia producit sorte figuras, 4.1224. maiorumque refert voltus vocesque comasque; 4.1225. quandoquidem nihilo magis haec de semine certo 4.1226. fiunt quam facies et corpora membraque nobis. 4.1227. et muliebre oritur patrio de semine saeclum 4.1228. maternoque mares existunt corpore creti; 4.1229. semper enim partus duplici de semine constat, 4.1230. atque utri similest magis id quod cumque creatur, 4.1231. eius habet plus parte aequa; quod cernere possis, 4.1232. sive virum suboles sivest muliebris origo. 4.1233. Nec divina satum genitalem numina cuiquam 4.1234. absterrent, pater a gnatis ne dulcibus umquam 4.1235. appelletur et ut sterili Venere exigat aevom; 4.1236. quod plerumque putant et multo sanguine maesti 4.1237. conspergunt aras adolentque altaria donis, 4.1238. ut gravidas reddant uxores semine largo; 4.1239. ne quiquam divom numen sortisque fatigant; 4.1240. nam steriles nimium crasso sunt semine partim, 4.1241. et liquido praeter iustum tenuique vicissim. 4.1242. tenve locis quia non potis est adfigere adhaesum, 4.1243. liquitur extemplo et revocatum cedit abortu. 4.1244. crassius hinc porro quoniam concretius aequo 4.1245. mittitur, aut non tam prolixo provolat ictu 4.1246. aut penetrare locos aeque nequit aut penetratum 4.1247. aegre admiscetur muliebri semine semen. 4.1248. nam multum harmoniae Veneris differre videntur. 4.1249. atque alias alii complent magis ex aliisque 4.1250. succipiunt aliae pondus magis inque gravescunt. 4.1251. et multae steriles Hymenaeis ante fuerunt 4.1252. pluribus et nactae post sunt tamen unde puellos 4.1253. suscipere et partu possent ditescere dulci. 4.1254. et quibus ante domi fecundae saepe nequissent 4.1255. uxoris parere, inventast illis quoque compar 4.1256. natura, ut possent gnatis munire senectam. 4.1257. usque adeo magni refert, ut semina possint 4.1258. seminibus commisceri genitaliter apta 4.1259. crassaque conveniant liquidis et liquida crassis. 4.1260. atque in eo refert quo victu vita colatur; 4.1261. namque aliis rebus concrescunt semina membris 4.1262. atque aliis extenvantur tabentque vicissim. 4.1263. et quibus ipsa modis tractetur blanda voluptas. 4.1264. id quoque permagni refert; nam more ferarum 4.1265. quadrupedumque magis ritu plerumque putantur 4.1266. concipere uxores, quia sic loca sumere possunt 4.1267. pectoribus positis sublatis semina lumbis. 4.1268. nec molles opus sunt motus uxoribus hilum. 4.1269. nam mulier prohibet se concipere atque repugnat, 4.1270. clunibus ipsa viri Venerem si laeta retractat 4.1271. atque exossato ciet omni pectore fluctus; 4.1272. eicit enim sulcum recta regione viaque 4.1273. vomeris atque locis avertit seminis ictum. 4.1274. idque sua causa consuerunt scorta moveri, 4.1275. ne complerentur crebro gravidaeque iacerent, 4.1276. et simul ipsa viris Venus ut concinnior esset; 4.1277. coniugibus quod nil nostris opus esse videtur. 4.1278. Nec divinitus inter dum Venerisque sagittis 4.1279. deteriore fit ut forma muliercula ametur; 4.1280. nam facit ipsa suis inter dum femina factis 4.1281. morigerisque modis et munde corpore culto, 4.1282. ut facile insuescat secum te degere vitam. 4.1283. quod super est, consuetudo concinnat amorem; 4.1284. nam leviter quamvis quod crebro tunditur ictu, 4.1285. vincitur in longo spatio tamen atque labascit. 4.1286. nonne vides etiam guttas in saxa cadentis 4.1287. umoris longo in spatio pertundere saxa?

3.548. And since the mind is of a man one part, Which in one fixed place remains, like ears, And eyes, and every sense which pilots life; And just as hand, or eye, or nose, apart, Severed from us, can neither feel nor be, But in the least of time is left to rot, Thus mind alone can never be, without The body and the man himself, which seems, As 'twere the vessel of the same- or aught Whate'er thou'lt feign as yet more closely joined: Since body cleaves to mind by surest bonds. Again, the body's and the mind's live powers Only in union prosper and enjoy; For neither can nature of mind, alone of self Sans body, give the vital motions forth; Nor, then, can body, wanting soul, endure And use the senses. Verily, as the eye, Alone, up-rended from its roots, apart From all the body, can peer about at naught, So soul and mind it seems are nothing able, When by themselves. No marvel, because, commixed Through veins and inwards, and through bones and thews, Their elements primordial are confined By all the body, and own no power free To bound around through interspaces big, Thus, shut within these confines, they take on Motions of sense, which, after death, thrown out Beyond the body to the winds of air, Take on they cannot- and on this account, Because no more in such a way confined. For air will be a body, be alive, If in that air the soul can keep itself, And in that air enclose those motions all Which in the thews and in the body itself A while ago 'twas making. So for this, Again, again, I say confess we must, That, when the body's wrappings are unwound, And when the vital breath is forced without, The soul, the senses of the mind dissolve,- Since for the twain the cause and ground of life Is in the fact of their conjoined estate. Once more, since body's unable to sustain Division from the soul, without decay And obscene stench, how canst thou doubt but that The soul, uprisen from the body's deeps, Has filtered away, wide-drifted like a smoke, Or that the changed body crumbling fell With ruin so entire, because, indeed, Its deep foundations have been moved from place, The soul out-filtering even through the frame, And through the body's every winding way And orifice? And so by many means Thou'rt free to learn that nature of the soul Hath passed in fragments out along the frame, And that 'twas shivered in the very body Ere ever it slipped abroad and swam away Into the winds of air. 3.592. For never a man Dying appears to feel the soul go forth As one sure whole from all his body at once, Nor first come up the throat and into mouth; But feels it failing in a certain spot, Even as he knows the senses too dissolve Each in its own location in the frame. But were this mind of ours immortal mind, Dying 'twould scarce bewail a dissolution, But rather the going, the leaving of its coat, Like to a snake. Wherefore, when once the body Hath passed away, admit we must that soul, Shivered in all that body, perished too. Nay, even when moving in the bounds of life, often the soul, now tottering from some cause, Craves to go out, and from the frame entire Loosened to be; the countece becomes Flaccid, as if the supreme hour were there; And flabbily collapse the members all Against the bloodless trunk- the kind of case We see when we remark in common phrase, "That man's quite gone," or "fainted dead away"; And where there's now a bustle of alarm, And all are eager to get some hold upon The man's last link of life. For then the mind And all the power of soul are shook so sore, And these so totter along with all the frame, That any cause a little stronger might Dissolve them altogether.- Why, then, doubt That soul, when once without the body thrust, There in the open, an enfeebled thing, Its wrappings stripped away, cannot endure Not only through no everlasting age, But even, indeed, through not the least of time? Then, too, why never is the intellect, The counselling mind, begotten in the head, The feet, the hands, instead of cleaving still To one sole seat, to one fixed haunt, the breast, If not that fixed places be assigned For each thing's birth, where each, when 'tis create, Is able to endure, and that our frames Have such complex adjustments that no shift In order of our members may appear? To that degree effect succeeds to cause, Nor is the flame once wont to be create In flowing streams, nor cold begot in fire. 3.624. Besides, if nature of soul immortal be, And able to feel, when from our frame disjoined, The same, I fancy, must be thought to be Endowed with senses five,- nor is there way But this whereby to image to ourselves How under-souls may roam in Acheron. Thus painters and the elder race of bards Have pictured souls with senses so endowed. But neither eyes, nor nose, nor hand, alone Apart from body can exist for soul, Nor tongue nor ears apart. And hence indeed Alone by self they can nor feel nor be. And since we mark the vital sense to be In the whole body, all one living thing, If of a sudden a force with rapid stroke Should slice it down the middle and cleave in twain, Beyond a doubt likewise the soul itself, Divided, dissevered, asunder will be flung Along with body. But what severed is And into sundry parts divides, indeed Admits it owns no everlasting nature. We hear how chariots of war, areek With hurly slaughter, lop with flashing scythes The limbs away so suddenly that there, Fallen from the trunk, they quiver on the earth, The while the mind and powers of the man Can feel no pain, for swiftness of his hurt, And sheer abandon in the zest of battle: With the remainder of his frame he seeks Anew the battle and the slaughter, nor marks How the swift wheels and scythes of ravin have dragged off with the horses his left arm and shield; Nor other how his right has dropped away, Mounting again and on. A third attempts With leg dismembered to arise and stand, Whilst, on the ground hard by, the dying foot Twitches its spreading toes. And even the head, When from the warm and living trunk lopped off, Keeps on the ground the vital countece And open eyes, until 't has rendered up All remts of the soul. Nay, once again: If, when a serpent's darting forth its tongue, And lashing its tail, thou gettest chance to hew With axe its length of trunk to many parts, Thou'lt see each severed fragment writhing round With its fresh wound, and spattering up the sod, And there the fore-part seeking with the jaws After the hinder, with bite to stop the pain. So shall we say that these be souls entire In all those fractions?- but from that 'twould follow One creature'd have in body many souls. Therefore, the soul, which was indeed but one, Has been divided with the body too: Each is but mortal, since alike is each Hewn into many parts. Again, how often We view our fellow going by degrees, And losing limb by limb the vital sense; First nails and fingers of the feet turn blue, Next die the feet and legs, then o'er the rest Slow crawl the certain footsteps of cold death. And since this nature of the soul is torn, Nor mounts away, as at one time, entire, We needs must hold it mortal. But perchance If thou supposest that the soul itself Can inward draw along the frame, and bring Its parts together to one place, and so From all the members draw the sense away, Why, then, that place in which such stock of soul Collected is, should greater seem in sense. But since such place is nowhere, for a fact, As said before, 'tis rent and scattered forth, And so goes under. Or again, if now I please to grant the false, and say that soul Can thus be lumped within the frames of those Who leave the sunshine, dying bit by bit, Still must the soul as mortal be confessed; Nor aught it matters whether to wrack it go, Dispersed in the winds, or, gathered in a mass From all its parts, sink down to brutish death, Since more and more in every region sense Fails the whole man, and less and less of life In every region lingers. 3.670. And besides, If soul immortal is, and winds its way Into the body at the birth of man, Why can we not remember something, then, of life-time spent before? why keep we not Some footprints of the things we did of, old? But if so changed hath been the power of mind, That every recollection of things done Is fallen away, at no o'erlong remove Is that, I trow, from what we mean by death. Wherefore 'tis sure that what hath been before Hath died, and what now is is now create. Moreover, if after the body hath been built Our mind's live powers are wont to be put in, Just at the moment that we come to birth, And cross the sills of life, 'twould scarcely fit For them to live as if they seemed to grow Along with limbs and frame, even in the blood, But rather as in a cavern all alone. (Yet all the body duly throngs with sense.) But public fact declares against all this: For soul is so entwined through the veins, The flesh, the thews, the bones, that even the teeth Share in sensation, as proven by dull ache, By twinge from icy water, or grating crunch Upon a stone that got in mouth with bread. Wherefore, again, again, souls must be thought Nor void of birth, nor free from law of death; Nor, if, from outward, in they wound their way, Could they be thought as able so to cleave To these our frames, nor, since so interwove, Appears it that they're able to go forth Unhurt and whole and loose themselves unscathed From all the thews, articulations, bones. But, if perchance thou thinkest that the soul, From outward winding in its way, is wont To seep and soak along these members ours, Then all the more 'twill perish, being thus With body fused- for what will seep and soak Will be dissolved and will therefore die. For just as food, dispersed through all the pores of body, and passed through limbs and all the frame, Perishes, supplying from itself the stuff For other nature, thus the soul and mind, Though whole and new into a body going, Are yet, by seeping in, dissolved away, Whilst, as through pores, to all the frame there pass Those particles from which created is This nature of mind, now ruler of our body, Born from that soul which perished, when divided Along the frame. 3.711. Wherefore it seems that soul Hath both a natal and funeral hour. Besides are seeds of soul there left behind In the breathless body, or not? If there they are, It cannot justly be immortal deemed, Since, shorn of some parts lost, 'thas gone away: But if, borne off with members uncorrupt, 'Thas fled so absolutely all away It leaves not one remainder of itself Behind in body, whence do cadavers, then, From out their putrid flesh exhale the worms, And whence does such a mass of living things, Boneless and bloodless, o'er the bloated frame Bubble and swarm? But if perchance thou thinkest That souls from outward into worms can wind, And each into a separate body come, And reckonest not why many thousand souls Collect where only one has gone away, Here is a point, in sooth, that seems to need Inquiry and a putting to the test: Whether the souls go on a hunt for seeds of worms wherewith to build their dwelling places, Or enter bodies ready-made, as 'twere. But why themselves they thus should do and toil 'Tis hard to say, since, being free of body, They flit around, harassed by no disease, Nor cold nor famine; for the body labours By more of kinship to these flaws of life, And mind by contact with that body suffers So many ills. But grant it be for them However useful to construct a body To which to enter in, 'tis plain they can't. Then, souls for self no frames nor bodies make, Nor is there how they once might enter in To bodies ready-made- for they cannot Be nicely interwoven with the same, And there'll be formed no interplay of sense Common to each. 3.741. Again, why is't there goes Impetuous rage with lion's breed morose, And cunning with foxes, and to deer why given The ancestral fear and tendency to flee, And why in short do all the rest of traits Engender from the very start of life In the members and mentality, if not Because one certain power of mind that came From its own seed and breed waxes the same Along with all the body? But were mind Immortal, were it wont to change its bodies, How topsy-turvy would earth's creatures act! The Hyrcan hound would flee the onset oft of antlered stag, the scurrying hawk would quake Along the winds of air at the coming dove, And men would dote, and savage beasts be wise; For false the reasoning of those that say Immortal mind is changed by change of body- For what is changed dissolves, and therefore dies. For parts are re-disposed and leave their order; Wherefore they must be also capable of dissolution through the frame at last, That they along with body perish all. But should some say that always souls of men Go into human bodies, I will ask: How can a wise become a dullard soul? And why is never a child's a prudent soul? And the mare's filly why not trained so well As sturdy strength of steed? We may be sure They'll take their refuge in the thought that mind Becomes a weakling in a weakling frame. Yet be this so, 'tis needful to confess The soul but mortal, since, so altered now Throughout the frame, it loses the life and sense It had before. Or how can mind wax strong Coequally with body and attain The craved flower of life, unless it be The body's colleague in its origins? Or what's the purport of its going forth From aged limbs?- fears it, perhaps, to stay, Pent in a crumbled body? Or lest its house, Outworn by venerable length of days, May topple down upon it? But indeed For an immortal perils are there none. 3.776. Again, at parturitions of the wild And at the rites of Love, that souls should stand Ready hard by seems ludicrous enough- Immortals waiting for their mortal limbs In numbers innumerable, contending madly Which shall be first and chief to enter in!- Unless perchance among the souls there be Such treaties stablished that the first to come Flying along, shall enter in the first, And that they make no rivalries of strength! Again, in ether can't exist a tree, Nor clouds in ocean deeps, nor in the fields Can fishes live, nor blood in timber be, Nor sap in boulders: fixed and arranged Where everything may grow and have its place. Thus nature of mind cannot arise alone Without the body, nor exist afar From thews and blood. But if 'twere possible, Much rather might this very power of mind Be in the head, the shoulders or the heels, And, born in any part soever, yet In the same man, in the same vessel abide. But since within this body even of ours Stands fixed and appears arranged sure Where soul and mind can each exist and grow, Deny we must the more that they can have Duration and birth, wholly outside the frame. For, verily, the mortal to conjoin With the eternal, and to feign they feel Together, and can function each with each, Is but to dote: for what can be conceived of more unlike, discrepant, ill-assorted, Than something mortal in a union joined With an immortal and a secular To bear the outrageous tempests? Then, again, Whatever abides eternal must indeed Either repel all strokes, because 'tis made of solid body, and permit no entrance of aught with power to sunder from within The parts compact- as are those seeds of stuff Whose nature we've exhibited before; Or else be able to endure through time For this: because they are from blows exempt, As is the void, the which abides untouched, Unsmit by any stroke; or else because There is no room around, whereto things can, As 'twere, depart in dissolution all,- Even as the sum of sums eternal is, Without or place beyond whereto things may Asunder fly, or bodies which can smite, And thus dissolve them by the blows of might. 3.819. But if perchance the soul's to be adjudged Immortal, mainly on ground 'tis kept secure In vital forces- either because there come Never at all things hostile to its weal, Or else because what come somehow retire, Repelled or ere we feel the harm they work, . . . . . . For, lo, besides that, when the frame's diseased, Soul sickens too, there cometh, many a time, That which torments it with the things to be, Keeps it in dread, and wearies it with cares; And even when evil acts are of the past, Still gnaw the old transgressions bitterly. Add, too, that frenzy, peculiar to the mind, And that oblivion of the things that were; Add its submergence in the murky waves of drowse and torpor. FOLLY OF THE FEAR OF DEATH Therefore death to us Is nothing, nor concerns us in the least, Since nature of mind is mortal evermore. And just as in the ages gone before We felt no touch of ill, when all sides round To battle came the Carthaginian host, And the times, shaken by tumultuous war, Under the aery coasts of arching heaven Shuddered and trembled, and all humankind Doubted to which the empery should fall By land and sea, thus when we are no more, When comes that sundering of our body and soul Through which we're fashioned to a single state, Verily naught to us, us then no more, Can come to pass, naught move our senses then- No, not if earth confounded were with sea, And sea with heaven. But if indeed do feel The nature of mind and energy of soul, After their severance from this body of ours, Yet nothing 'tis to us who in the bonds And wedlock of the soul and body live, Through which we're fashioned to a single state. And, even if time collected after death The matter of our frames and set it all Again in place as now, and if again To us the light of life were given, O yet That process too would not concern us aught, When once the self-succession of our sense Has been asunder broken. And now and here, Little enough we're busied with the selves We were aforetime, nor, concerning them, Suffer a sore distress. For shouldst thou gaze Backwards across all yesterdays of time The immeasurable, thinking how manifold The motions of matter are, then couldst thou well Credit this too: often these very seeds (From which we are to-day) of old were set In the same order as they are to-day- Yet this we can't to consciousness recall Through the remembering mind. For there hath been An interposed pause of life, and wide Have all the motions wandered everywhere From these our senses. For if woe and ail Perchance are toward, then the man to whom The bane can happen must himself be there At that same time. But death precludeth this, Forbidding life to him on whom might crowd Such irk and care; and granted 'tis to know: Nothing for us there is to dread in death, No wretchedness for him who is no more, The same estate as if ne'er born before, When death immortal hath ta'en the mortal life. 3.870. Hence, where thou seest a man to grieve because When dead he rots with body laid away, Or perishes in flames or jaws of beasts, Know well: he rings not true, and that beneath Still works an unseen sting upon his heart, However he deny that he believes. His shall be aught of feeling after death. For he, I fancy, grants not what he says, Nor what that presupposes, and he fails To pluck himself with all his roots from life And cast that self away, quite unawares Feigning that some remainder's left behind. For when in life one pictures to oneself His body dead by beasts and vultures torn, He pities his state, dividing not himself Therefrom, removing not the self enough From the body flung away, imagining Himself that body, and projecting there His own sense, as he stands beside it: hence He grieves that he is mortal born, nor marks That in true death there is no second self Alive and able to sorrow for self destroyed, Or stand lamenting that the self lies there Mangled or burning. For if it an evil is Dead to be jerked about by jaw and fang of the wild brutes, I see not why 'twere not Bitter to lie on fires and roast in flames, Or suffocate in honey, and, reclined On the smooth oblong of an icy slab, Grow stiff in cold, or sink with load of earth Down-crushing from above. 3.894. "Thee now no more The joyful house and best of wives shall welcome, Nor little sons run up to snatch their kisses And touch with silent happiness thy heart. Thou shalt not speed in undertakings more, Nor be the warder of thine own no more. Poor wretch," they say, "one hostile hour hath ta'en Wretchedly from thee all life's many guerdons," But add not, "yet no longer unto thee Remains a remt of desire for them" If this they only well perceived with mind And followed up with maxims, they would free Their state of man from anguish and from fear. "O even as here thou art, aslumber in death, So shalt thou slumber down the rest of time, Released from every harrying pang. But we, We have bewept thee with insatiate woe, Standing beside whilst on the awful pyre Thou wert made ashes; and no day shall take For us the eternal sorrow from the breast." But ask the mourner what's the bitterness That man should waste in an eternal grief, If, after all, the thing's but sleep and rest? For when the soul and frame together are sunk In slumber, no one then demands his self Or being. Well, this sleep may be forever, Without desire of any selfhood more, For all it matters unto us asleep. Yet not at all do those primordial germs Roam round our members, at that time, afar From their own motions that produce our senses- Since, when he's startled from his sleep, a man Collects his senses. Death is, then, to us Much less- if there can be a less than that Which is itself a nothing: for there comes Hard upon death a scattering more great of the throng of matter, and no man wakes up On whom once falls the icy pause of life. This too, O often from the soul men say, Along their couches holding of the cups, With faces shaded by fresh wreaths awry: "Brief is this fruit of joy to paltry man, Soon, soon departed, and thereafter, no, It may not be recalled."- As if, forsooth, It were their prime of evils in great death To parch, poor tongues, with thirst and arid drought, Or chafe for any lack. 3.931. Once more, if Nature Should of a sudden send a voice abroad, And her own self inveigh against us so: "Mortal, what hast thou of such grave concern That thou indulgest in too sickly plaints? Why this bemoaning and beweeping death? For if thy life aforetime and behind To thee was grateful, and not all thy good Was heaped as in sieve to flow away And perish unavailingly, why not, Even like a banqueter, depart the halls, Laden with life? why not with mind content Take now, thou fool, thy unafflicted rest? But if whatever thou enjoyed hath been Lavished and lost, and life is now offence, Why seekest more to add- which in its turn Will perish foully and fall out in vain? O why not rather make an end of life, of labour? For all I may devise or find To pleasure thee is nothing: all things are The same forever. Though not yet thy body Wrinkles with years, nor yet the frame exhausts Outworn, still things abide the same, even if Thou goest on to conquer all of time With length of days, yea, if thou never diest"- What were our answer, but that Nature here Urges just suit and in her words lays down True cause of action? Yet should one complain, Riper in years and elder, and lament, Poor devil, his death more sorely than is fit, Then would she not, with greater right, on him Cry out, inveighing with a voice more shrill: "off with thy tears, and choke thy whines, buffoon! Thou wrinklest- after thou hast had the sum of the guerdons of life; yet, since thou cravest ever What's not at hand, contemning present good, That life has slipped away, unperfected And unavailing unto thee. And now, Or ere thou guessed it, death beside thy head Stands- and before thou canst be going home Sated and laden with the goodly feast. But now yield all that's alien to thine age,- Up, with good grace! make room for sons: thou must." Justly, I fancy, would she reason thus, Justly inveigh and gird: since ever the old Outcrowded by the new gives way, and ever The one thing from the others is repaired. Nor no man is consigned to the abyss of Tartarus, the black. For stuff must be, That thus the after-generations grow,- Though these, their life completed, follow thee; And thus like thee are generations all- Already fallen, or some time to fall. So one thing from another rises ever; And in fee-simple life is given to none, But unto all mere usufruct. Look back: Nothing to us was all fore-passed eld of time the eternal, ere we had a birth. And Nature holds this like a mirror up of time-to-be when we are dead and gone. And what is there so horrible appears? Now what is there so sad about it all? Is't not serener far than any sleep? 3.978. And, verily, those tortures said to be In Acheron, the deep, they all are ours Here in this life. No Tantalus, benumbed With baseless terror, as the fables tell, Fears the huge boulder hanging in the air: But, rather, in life an empty dread of Gods Urges mortality, and each one fears Such fall of fortune as may chance to him. Nor eat the vultures into TityusProstrate in Acheron, nor can they find, Forsooth, throughout eternal ages, aught To pry around for in that mighty breast. However hugely he extend his bulk- Who hath for outspread limbs not acres nine, But the whole earth- he shall not able be To bear eternal pain nor furnish food From his own frame forever. But for us A Tityus is he whom vultures rend Prostrate in love, whom anxious anguish eats, Whom troubles of any unappeased desires Asunder rip. We have before our eyes Here in this life also a SisyphusIn him who seeketh of the populace The rods, the axes fell, and evermore Retires a beaten and a gloomy man. For to seek after power- an empty name, Nor given at all- and ever in the search To endure a world of toil, O this it is To shove with shoulder up the hill a stone Which yet comes rolling back from off the top, And headlong makes for levels of the plain. Then to be always feeding an ingrate mind, Filling with good things, satisfying never- As do the seasons of the year for us, When they return and bring their progenies And varied charms, and we are never filled With the fruits of life- O this, I fancy, 'tis To pour, like those young virgins in the tale, Waters into a sieve, unfilled forever. . . . . . . Cerberus and Furies, and that Lack of Light . . . . . . Tartarus, out-belching from his mouth the surge of horrible heat- the which are nowhere, nor Indeed can be: but in this life is fear of retributions just and expiations For evil acts: the dungeon and the leap From that dread rock of infamy, the stripes, The executioners, the oaken rack, The iron plates, bitumen, and the torch. And even though these are absent, yet the mind, With a fore-fearing conscience, plies its goads And burns beneath the lash, nor sees meanwhile What terminus of ills, what end of pine Can ever be, and feareth lest the same But grow more heavy after death. of truth, The life of fools is Acheron on earth. 3.1024. This also to thy very self sometimes Repeat thou mayst: "Lo, even good Ancus left The sunshine with his eyes, in divers things A better man than thou, O worthless hind; And many other kings and lords of rule Thereafter have gone under, once who swayed O'er mighty peoples. And he also, he- Who whilom paved a highway down the sea, And gave his legionaries thoroughfare Along the deep, and taught them how to cross The pools of brine afoot, and did contemn, Trampling upon it with his cavalry, The bellowings of ocean- poured his soul From dying body, as his light was ta'en. And Scipio's son, the thunderbolt of war, Horror of Carthage, gave his bones to earth, Like to the lowliest villein in the house. Add finders-out of sciences and arts; Add comrades of the Heliconian dames, Among whom Homer, sceptered o'er them all, Now lies in slumber sunken with the rest. Then, too, Democritus, when ripened eld Admonished him his memory waned away, of own accord offered his head to death. Even Epicurus went, his light of life Run out, the man in genius who o'er-topped The human race, extinguishing all others, As sun, in ether arisen, all the stars. Wilt thou, then, dally, thou complain to go?- For whom already life's as good as dead, Whilst yet thou livest and lookest?- who in sleep Wastest thy life- time's major part, and snorest Even when awake, and ceasest not to see The stuff of dreams, and bearest a mind beset By baseless terror, nor discoverest oft What's wrong with thee, when, like a sotted wretch, Thou'rt jostled along by many crowding cares, And wanderest reeling round, with mind aswim." 3.1053. If men, in that same way as on the mind They feel the load that wearies with its weight, Could also know the causes whence it comes, And why so great the heap of ill on heart, O not in this sort would they live their life, As now so much we see them, knowing not What 'tis they want, and seeking ever and ever A change of place, as if to drop the burden. The man who sickens of his home goes out, Forth from his splendid halls, and straight- returns, Feeling i'faith no better off abroad. He races, driving his Gallic ponies along, Down to his villa, madly,- as in haste To hurry help to a house afire.- At once He yawns, as soon as foot has touched the threshold, Or drowsily goes off in sleep and seeks Forgetfulness, or maybe bustles about And makes for town again. In such a way Each human flees himself- a self in sooth, As happens, he by no means can escape; And willy-nilly he cleaves to it and loathes, Sick, sick, and guessing not the cause of ail. Yet should he see but that, O chiefly then, Leaving all else, he'd study to divine The nature of things, since here is in debate Eternal time and not the single hour, Mortal's estate in whatsoever remains After great death. 3.1076. And too, when all is said, What evil lust of life is this so great Subdues us to live, so dreadfully distraught In perils and alarms? one fixed end of life abideth for mortality; Death's not to shun, and we must go to meet. Besides we're busied with the same devices, Ever and ever, and we are at them ever, And there's no new delight that may be forged By living on. But whilst the thing we long for Is lacking, that seems good above all else; Thereafter, when we've touched it, something else We long for; ever one equal thirst of life Grips us agape. And doubtful 'tis what fortune The future times may carry, or what be That chance may bring, or what the issue next Awaiting us. Nor by prolonging life Take we the least away from death's own time, Nor can we pluck one moment off, whereby To minish the aeons of our state of death. Therefore, O man, by living on, fulfil As many generations as thou may: Eternal death shall there be waiting still; And he who died with light of yesterday Shall be no briefer time in death's No-more Than he who perished months or years before. 4.1037. And as said before, That seed is roused in us when once ripe age Has made our body strong... As divers causes give to divers things Impulse and irritation, so one force In human kind rouses the human seed To spurt from man. As soon as ever it issues, Forced from its first abodes, it passes down In the whole body through the limbs and frame, Meeting in certain regions of our thews, And stirs amain the genitals of man. The goaded regions swell with seed, and then Comes the delight to dart the same at what The mad desire so yearns, and body seeks That object, whence the mind by love is pierced. For well-nigh each man falleth toward his wound, And our blood spurts even toward the spot from whence The stroke wherewith we are strook, and if indeed The foe be close, the red jet reaches him. Thus, one who gets a stroke from Venus' shafts- Whether a boy with limbs effeminate Assault him, or a woman darting love From all her body- that one strains to get Even to the thing whereby he's hit, and longs To join with it and cast into its frame The fluid drawn even from within its own. For the mute craving doth presage delight. THE PASSION OF LOVE This craving 'tis that's Venus unto us: From this, engender all the lures of love, From this, O first hath into human hearts Trickled that drop of joyance which ere long Is by chill care succeeded. Since, indeed, Though she thou lovest now be far away, Yet idol-images of her are near And the sweet name is floating in thy ear. But it behooves to flee those images; And scare afar whatever feeds thy love; And turn elsewhere thy mind; and vent the sperm, Within thee gathered, into sundry bodies, Nor, with thy thoughts still busied with one love, Keep it for one delight, and so store up Care for thyself and pain inevitable. For, lo, the ulcer just by nourishing Grows to more life with deep inveteracy, And day by day the fury swells aflame, And the woe waxes heavier day by day- Unless thou dost destroy even by new blows The former wounds of love, and curest them While yet they're fresh, by wandering freely round After the freely-wandering Venus, or Canst lead elsewhere the tumults of thy mind. 4.1073. Nor doth that man who keeps away from love Yet lack the fruits of Venus; rather takes Those pleasures which are free of penalties. For the delights of Venus, verily, Are more unmixed for mortals sane-of-soul Than for those sick-at-heart with love-pining. Yea, in the very moment of possessing, Surges the heat of lovers to and fro, Restive, uncertain; and they cannot fix On what to first enjoy with eyes and hands. The parts they sought for, those they squeeze so tight, And pain the creature's body, close their teeth often against her lips, and smite with kiss Mouth into mouth,- because this same delight Is not unmixed; and underneath are stings Which goad a man to hurt the very thing, Whate'er it be, from whence arise for him Those germs of madness. But with gentle touch Venus subdues the pangs in midst of love, And the admixture of a fondling joy Doth curb the bites of passion. For they hope That by the very body whence they caught The heats of love their flames can be put out. But nature protests 'tis all quite otherwise; For this same love it is the one sole thing of which, the more we have, the fiercer burns The breast with fell desire. For food and drink Are taken within our members; and, since they Can stop up certain parts, thus, easily Desire of water is glutted and of bread. But, lo, from human face and lovely bloom Naught penetrates our frame to be enjoyed Save flimsy idol-images and vain- A sorry hope which oft the winds disperse. As when the thirsty man in slumber seeks To drink, and water ne'er is granted him Wherewith to quench the heat within his members, But after idols of the liquids strives And toils in vain, and thirsts even whilst he gulps In middle of the torrent, thus in love Venus deludes with idol-images The lovers. Nor they cannot sate their lust By merely gazing on the bodies, nor They cannot with their palms and fingers rub Aught from each tender limb, the while they stray Uncertain over all the body. Then, At last, with members intertwined, when they Enjoy the flower of their age, when now Their bodies have sweet presage of keen joys, And Venus is about to sow the fields of woman, greedily their frames they lock, And mingle the slaver of their mouths, and breathe Into each other, pressing teeth on mouths- Yet to no purpose, since they're powerless To rub off aught, or penetrate and pass With body entire into body- for oft They seem to strive and struggle thus to do; So eagerly they cling in Venus' bonds, Whilst melt away their members, overcome By violence of delight. But when at last Lust, gathered in the thews, hath spent itself, There come a brief pause in the raging heat- But then a madness just the same returns And that old fury visits them again, When once again they seek and crave to reach They know not what, all powerless to find The artifice to subjugate the bane. In such uncertain state they waste away With unseen wound. 4.1121. To which be added too, They squander powers and with the travail wane; Be added too, they spend their futile years Under another's beck and call; their duties Neglected languish and their honest name Reeleth sick, sick; and meantime their estates Are lost in Babylonian tapestries; And unguents and dainty Sicyonian shoes Laugh on her feet; and (as ye may be sure) Big emeralds of green light are set in gold; And rich sea-purple dress by constant wear Grows shabby and all soaked with Venus' sweat; And the well-earned ancestral property Becometh head-bands, coifs, and many a time The cloaks, or garments Alidensian Or of the Cean isle. And banquets, set With rarest cloth and viands, are prepared- And games of chance, and many a drinking cup, And unguents, crowns and garlands. All in vain, Since from amid the well-spring of delights Bubbles some drop of bitter to torment Among the very flowers- when haply mind Gnaws into self, now stricken with remorse For slothful years and ruin in baudels, Or else because she's left him all in doubt By launching some sly word, which still like fire Lives wildly, cleaving to his eager heart; Or else because he thinks she darts her eyes Too much about and gazes at another,- And in her face sees traces of a laugh. 4.1141. These ills are found in prospering love and true; But in crossed love and helpless there be such As through shut eyelids thou canst still take in- Uncounted ills; so that 'tis better far To watch beforehand, in the way I've shown, And guard against enticements. For to shun A fall into the hunting-snares of love Is not so hard, as to get out again, When tangled in the very nets, and burst The stoutly-knotted cords of Aphrodite. Yet even when there enmeshed with tangled feet, Still canst thou scape the danger-lest indeed Thou standest in the way of thine own good, And overlookest first all blemishes of mind and body of thy much preferred, Desirable dame. For so men do, Eyeless with passion, and assign to them Graces not theirs in fact. And thus we see Creatures in many a wise crooked and ugly The prosperous sweethearts in a high esteem; And lovers gird each other and advise To placate Venus, since their friends are smit With a base passion- miserable dupes Who seldom mark their own worst bane of all. The black-skinned girl is "tawny like the honey"; The filthy and the fetid's "negligee"; The cat-eyed she's "a little Pallas," she; The sinewy and wizened's "a gazelle"; The pudgy and the pigmy is "piquant, One of the Graces sure"; the big and bulky O she's "an Admiration, imposante"; The stuttering and tongue-tied "sweetly lisps"; The mute girl's "modest"; and the garrulous, The spiteful spit-fire, is "a sparkling wit"; And she who scarcely lives for scrawniness Becomes "a slender darling"; "delicate" Is she who's nearly dead of coughing-fit; The pursy female with protuberant breasts She is "like Ceres when the goddess gave Young Bacchus suck"; the pug-nosed lady-love "A Satyress, a feminine Silenus"; The blubber-lipped is "all one luscious kiss"- A weary while it were to tell the whole. But let her face possess what charm ye will, Let Venus' glory rise from all her limbs,- Forsooth there still are others; and forsooth We lived before without her; and forsooth She does the same things- and we know she does- All, as the ugly creature, and she scents, Yes she, her wretched self with vile perfumes; Whom even her handmaids flee and giggle at Behind her back. But he, the lover, in tears Because shut out, covers her threshold o'er often with flowers and garlands, and anoints Her haughty door-posts with the marjoram, And prints, poor fellow, kisses on the doors- Admitted at last, if haply but one whiff Got to him on approaching, he would seek Decent excuses to go out forthwith; And his lament, long pondered, then would fall Down at his heels; and there he'd damn himself For his fatuity, observing how He had assigned to that same lady more- Than it is proper to concede to mortals. And these our Venuses are 'ware of this. Wherefore the more are they at pains to hide All the-behind-the-scenes of life from those Whom they desire to keep in bonds of love- In vain, since ne'ertheless thou canst by thought Drag all the matter forth into the light And well search out the cause of all these smiles; And if of graceful mind she be and kind, Do thou, in thy turn, overlook the same, And thus allow for poor mortality. 4.1192. Nor sighs the woman always with feigned love, Who links her body round man's body locked And holds him fast, making his kisses wet With lips sucked into lips; for oft she acts Even from desire, and, seeking mutual joys, Incites him there to run love's race-course through. Nor otherwise can cattle, birds, wild beasts, And sheep and mares submit unto the males, Except that their own nature is in heat, And burns abounding and with gladness takes Once more the Venus of the mounting males. And seest thou not how those whom mutual pleasure Hath bound are tortured in their common bonds? How often in the cross-roads dogs that pant To get apart strain eagerly asunder With utmost might?- When all the while they're fast In the stout links of Venus. But they'd ne'er So pull, except they knew those mutual joys- So powerful to cast them unto snares And hold them bound. Wherefore again, again, Even as I say, there is a joint delight. 4.1209. And when perchance, in mingling seed with his, The female hath o'erpowered the force of male And by a sudden fling hath seized it fast, Then are the offspring, more from mothers' seed, More like their mothers; as, from fathers' seed, They're like to fathers. But whom seest to be Partakers of each shape, one equal blend of parents' features, these are generate From fathers' body and from mothers' blood, When mutual and harmonious heat hath dashed Together seeds, aroused along their frames By Venus' goads, and neither of the twain Mastereth or is mastered. Happens too That sometimes offspring can to being come In likeness of their grandsires, and bring back often the shapes of grandsires' sires, because Their parents in their bodies oft retain Concealed many primal germs, commixed In many modes, which, starting with the stock, Sire handeth down to son, himself a sire; Whence Venus by a variable chance Engenders shapes, and diversely brings back Ancestral features, voices too, and hair. A female generation rises forth From seed paternal, and from mother's body Exist created males: since sex proceeds No more from singleness of seed than faces Or bodies or limbs of ours: for every birth Is from a twofold seed; and what's created Hath, of that parent which it is more like, More than its equal share; as thou canst mark,- Whether the breed be male or female stock. 4.1233. Nor do the powers divine grudge any man The fruits of his seed-sowing, so that never He be called "father" by sweet children his, And end his days in sterile love forever. What many men suppose; and gloomily They sprinkle the altars with abundant blood, And make the high platforms odorous with burnt gifts, To render big by plenteous seed their wives- And plague in vain godheads and sacred lots. For sterile are these men by seed too thick, Or else by far too watery and thin. Because the thin is powerless to cleave Fast to the proper places, straightaway It trickles from them, and, returned again, Retires abortively. And then since seed More gross and solid than will suit is spent By some men, either it flies not forth amain With spurt prolonged enough, or else it fails To enter suitably the proper places, Or, having entered, the seed is weakly mixed With seed of the woman: harmonies of VenusAre seen to matter vastly here; and some Impregnate some more readily, and from some Some women conceive more readily and become Pregt. And many women, sterile before In several marriage-beds, have yet thereafter Obtained the mates from whom they could conceive The baby-boys, and with sweet progeny Grow rich. And even for husbands (whose own wives, Although of fertile wombs, have borne for them No babies in the house) are also found Concordant natures so that they at last Can bulwark their old age with goodly sons. A matter of great moment 'tis in truth, That seeds may mingle readily with seeds Suited for procreation, and that thick Should mix with fluid seeds, with thick the fluid. And in this business 'tis of some import Upon what diet life is nourished: For some foods thicken seeds within our members, And others thin them out and waste away. And in what modes the fond delight itself Is carried on- this too importeth vastly. For commonly 'tis thought that wives conceive More readily in manner of wild-beasts, After the custom of the four-foot breeds, Because so postured, with the breasts beneath And buttocks then upreared, the seeds can take Their proper places. Nor is need the least For wives to use the motions of blandishment; For thus the woman hinders and resists Her own conception, if too joyously Herself she treats the Venus of the man With haunches heaving, and with all her bosom Now yielding like the billows of the sea- Aye, from the ploughshare's even course and track She throws the furrow, and from proper places Deflects the spurt of seed. And courtesans Are thuswise wont to move for their own ends, To keep from pregcy and lying in, And all the while to render Venus more A pleasure for the men- the which meseems Our wives have never need of. 4.1278. Sometimes too It happens- and through no divinity Nor arrows of Venus- that a sorry chit of scanty grace will be beloved by man; For sometimes she herself by very deeds, By her complying ways, and tidy habits, Will easily accustom thee to pass With her thy life-time- and, moreover, lo, Long habitude can gender human love, Even as an object smitten o'er and o'er By blows, however lightly, yet at last Is overcome and wavers. Seest thou not, Besides, how drops of water falling down Against the stones at last bore through the stones?

11. Horace, Art of Poetry, 335-336 Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Yona, Epicurean Ethics in Horace: The Psychology of Satire (2018) 78

Tiresias: The Ancient Mediterranean Religions Source Database