The Ancient Mediterranean Religions Index Database

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15 results for "metamorphoses"

1. Homeric Hymns, To Demeter, 4, 3 (8th cent. BCE - 6th cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Williams and Vol (2022), Philosophy in Ovid, Ovid as Philosopher, 174

3. Who was by Aïdoneus seduced, for her

2. Empedocles, Fragments, None (5th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Williams and Vol (2022), Philosophy in Ovid, Ovid as Philosopher, 179

3. Plato, Phaedrus, None (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •metamorphoses, calliope Found in books: Williams and Vol (2022), Philosophy in Ovid, Ovid as Philosopher, 166

259d. ποιοῦσι προσφιλεστέρους, τῇ δὲ Ἐρατοῖ τοὺς ἐν τοῖς ἐρωτικοῖς, καὶ ταῖς ἄλλαις οὕτως, κατὰ τὸ εἶδος ἑκάστης τιμῆς· τῇ δὲ πρεσβυτάτῃ Καλλιόπῃ καὶ τῇ μετʼ αὐτὴν Οὐρανίᾳ τοὺς ἐν φιλοσοφίᾳ διάγοντάς τε καὶ τιμῶντας τὴν ἐκείνων μουσικὴν ἀγγέλλουσιν, αἳ δὴ μάλιστα τῶν Μουσῶν περί τε οὐρανὸν καὶ λόγους οὖσαι θείους τε καὶ ἀνθρωπίνους ἱᾶσιν καλλίστην φωνήν. πολλῶν δὴ οὖν ἕνεκα λεκτέον τι καὶ οὐ καθευδητέον ἐν τῇ μεσημβρίᾳ. ΦΑΙ. λεκτέον γὰρ οὖν.

259d. they gain the favor of Erato for the poets of love, and that of the other Muses for their votaries, according to their various ways of honoring them; and to Calliope, the eldest of the Muses, and to Urania who is next to her, they make report of those who pass their lives in philosophy and who worship these Muses who are most concerned with heaven and with thought divine and human and whose music is the sweetest. So for many reasons we ought to talk and not sleep in the noontime. Phaedrus. Yes, we ought to talk.

4. Aratus Solensis, Phaenomena, 108, 110-111, 129-136, 109 (4th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Williams and Vol (2022), Philosophy in Ovid, Ovid as Philosopher, 177

109. οὐδέ διακρίσιος πολυμεμφέος οὐδέ κυδοιμοῦ,

5. Horace, Odes, 4.15, 4.15.31-4.15.32 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •metamorphoses, calliope Found in books: Williams and Vol (2022), Philosophy in Ovid, Ovid as Philosopher, 51, 183

6. Lucretius Carus, On The Nature of Things, 1.1-1.20, 1.62-1.79, 1.102-1.135, 1.716-1.733, 3.420, 5.1-5.2, 5.13-5.21, 5.864-5.870, 6.4-6.6 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •metamorphoses, calliope Found in books: Williams and Vol (2022), Philosophy in Ovid, Ovid as Philosopher, 166, 167, 168, 169, 171, 174, 179

1.1. Aeneadum genetrix, hominum divomque voluptas, 1.2. alma Venus, caeli subter labentia signa 1.3. quae mare navigerum, quae terras frugiferentis 1.4. concelebras, per te quoniam genus omne animantum 1.5. concipitur visitque exortum lumina solis: 1.6. te, dea, te fugiunt venti, te nubila caeli 1.7. adventumque tuum, tibi suavis daedala tellus 1.8. summittit flores, tibi rident aequora ponti 1.9. placatumque nitet diffuso lumine caelum. 1.10. nam simul ac species patefactast verna diei 1.11. et reserata viget genitabilis aura favoni, 1.12. aeriae primum volucris te, diva, tuumque 1.13. significant initum perculsae corda tua vi. 1.14. et rapidos trat amnis: ita capta lepore 1.15. inde ferae pecudes persultant pabula laeta 1.16. te sequitur cupide quo quamque inducere pergis. 1.17. denique per maria ac montis fluviosque rapacis 1.18. frondiferasque domos avium camposque virentis 1.19. omnibus incutiens blandum per pectora amorem 1.20. efficis ut cupide generatim saecla propagent. 1.62. Humana ante oculos foede cum vita iaceret 1.63. in terris oppressa gravi sub religione, 1.64. quae caput a caeli regionibus ostendebat 1.65. horribili super aspectu mortalibus instans, 1.66. primum Graius homo mortalis tollere contra 1.67. est oculos ausus primusque obsistere contra; 1.68. quem neque fama deum nec fulmina nec minitanti 1.69. murmure compressit caelum, sed eo magis acrem 1.70. inritat animi virtutem, effringere ut arta 1.71. naturae primus portarum claustra cupiret. 1.72. ergo vivida vis animi pervicit et extra 1.73. processit longe flammantia moenia mundi 1.74. atque omne immensum peragravit mente animoque, 1.75. unde refert nobis victor quid possit oriri, 1.76. quid nequeat, finita potestas denique cuique 1.77. qua nam sit ratione atque alte terminus haerens. 1.78. quare religio pedibus subiecta vicissim 1.79. opteritur, nos exaequat victoria caelo. 1.102. Tutemet a nobis iam quovis tempore vatum 1.103. terriloquis victus dictis desciscere quaeres. 1.104. quippe etenim quam multa tibi iam fingere possunt 1.105. somnia, quae vitae rationes vertere possint 1.106. fortunasque tuas omnis turbare timore! 1.107. et merito; nam si certam finem esse viderent 1.108. aerumnarum homines, aliqua ratione valerent 1.109. religionibus atque minis obsistere vatum. 1.110. nunc ratio nulla est restandi, nulla facultas, 1.111. aeternas quoniam poenas in morte timendum. 1.112. ignoratur enim quae sit natura animai, 1.113. nata sit an contra nascentibus insinuetur 1.114. et simul intereat nobiscum morte dirempta 1.115. an tenebras Orci visat vastasque lacunas 1.116. an pecudes alias divinitus insinuet se, 1.117. Ennius ut noster cecinit, qui primus amoeno 1.118. detulit ex Helicone perenni fronde coronam, 1.119. per gentis Italas hominum quae clara clueret; 1.120. etsi praeterea tamen esse Acherusia templa 1.121. Ennius aeternis exponit versibus edens, 1.122. quo neque permaneant animae neque corpora nostra, 1.123. sed quaedam simulacra modis pallentia miris; 1.124. unde sibi exortam semper florentis Homeri 1.125. commemorat speciem lacrimas effundere salsas 1.126. coepisse et rerum naturam expandere dictis. 1.127. qua propter bene cum superis de rebus habenda 1.128. nobis est ratio, solis lunaeque meatus 1.129. qua fiant ratione, et qua vi quaeque gerantur 1.130. in terris, tunc cum primis ratione sagaci 1.131. unde anima atque animi constet natura videndum, 1.132. et quae res nobis vigilantibus obvia mentes 1.133. terrificet morbo adfectis somnoque sepultis, 1.134. cernere uti videamur eos audireque coram, 1.135. morte obita quorum tellus amplectitur ossa. 1.716. quorum Acragantinus cum primis Empedocles est, 1.717. insula quem triquetris terrarum gessit in oris, 1.718. quam fluitans circum magnis anfractibus aequor 1.719. Ionium glaucis aspargit virus ab undis 1.720. angustoque fretu rapidum mare dividit undis 1.721. Aeoliae terrarum oras a finibus eius. 1.722. hic est vasta Charybdis et hic Aetnaea mitur 1.723. murmura flammarum rursum se colligere iras, 1.724. faucibus eruptos iterum vis ut vomat ignis 1.725. ad caelumque ferat flammai fulgura rursum. 1.726. quae cum magna modis multis miranda videtur 1.727. gentibus humanis regio visendaque fertur 1.728. rebus opima bonis, multa munita virum vi, 1.729. nil tamen hoc habuisse viro praeclarius in se 1.730. nec sanctum magis et mirum carumque videtur. 1.731. carmina quin etiam divini pectoris eius 1.732. vociferantur et exponunt praeclara reperta, 1.733. ut vix humana videatur stirpe creatus. 3.420. digna tua pergam disponere carmina vita. 5.1. Quis potis est dignum pollenti pectore carmen 5.2. condere pro rerum maiestate hisque repertis? 5.13. confer enim divina aliorum antiqua reperta. 5.14. namque Ceres fertur fruges Liberque liquoris 5.15. vitigeni laticem mortalibus instituisse; 5.16. cum tamen his posset sine rebus vita manere, 5.17. ut fama est aliquas etiam nunc vivere gentis. 5.18. at bene non poterat sine puro pectore vivi; 5.19. quo magis hic merito nobis deus esse videtur, 5.20. ex quo nunc etiam per magnas didita gentis 5.21. dulcia permulcent animos solacia vitae. 5.864. at levisomna canum fido cum pectore corda, 5.865. et genus omne quod est veterino semine partum 5.866. lanigeraeque simul pecudes et bucera saecla 5.867. omnia sunt hominum tutelae tradita, Memmi; 5.868. nam cupide fugere feras pacemque secuta 5.869. sunt et larga suo sine pabula parta labore, 5.870. quae damus utilitatis eorum praemia causa. 6.4. et primae dederunt solacia dulcia vitae, 6.5. cum genuere virum tali cum corde repertum, 6.6. omnia veridico qui quondam ex ore profudit;

7. Ovid, Amores, None (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Williams and Vol (2022), Philosophy in Ovid, Ovid as Philosopher, 51, 57

2.1.11. Ausus eram, memini, caelestia dicere bella 2.1.12. Centimanumque Gyen — et satis oris erat —

8. Ovid, Ars Amatoria, 1.27-1.30 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •metamorphoses, calliope Found in books: Williams and Vol (2022), Philosophy in Ovid, Ovid as Philosopher, 51

1.27. Nec mihi sunt visae Clio Cliusque sorores 1.28. rend= 1.29. Usus opus movet hoc: vati parete perito; 1.30. rend=

9. Ovid, Epistulae Ex Ponto, 1.8.54 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •metamorphoses, calliope Found in books: Williams and Vol (2022), Philosophy in Ovid, Ovid as Philosopher, 176

10. Ovid, Fasti, 1.317-1.458, 4.85-4.132 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •metamorphoses, calliope Found in books: Williams and Vol (2022), Philosophy in Ovid, Ovid as Philosopher, 176, 177, 178, 179, 183

1.317. Quattuor adde dies ductos ex ordine Nonis, 1.318. Ianus Agonali luce piandus erit. 1.319. nominis esse potest succinctus causa minister, 1.320. hostia caelitibus quo feriente cadit, 1.321. qui calido strictos tincturus sanguine cultros 1.322. semper agone, rogat, nec nisi iussus agit. 1.323. pars, quia non veniant pecudes, sed agantur, ab actu 1.324. nomen Agonalem credit habere diem. 1.325. pars putat hoc festum priscis Agnalia dictum, 1.326. una sit ut proprio littera dempta loco. 1.327. an, quia praevisos in aqua timet hostia cultros, 1.328. a pecoris lux est ipsa notata metu? 1.329. fas etiam fieri solitis aetate priorum 1.330. nomina de ludis Graeca tulisse diem. 1.331. et pecus antiquus dicebat agonia sermo; 1.332. veraque iudicio est ultima causa meo. 1.333. utque ea non certa est, ita rex placare sacrorum 1.334. numina lanigerae coniuge debet ovis. 1.335. victima, quae dextra cecidit victrice, vocatur; 1.336. hostibus a domitis hostia nomen habet, 1.337. ante, deos homini quod conciliare valeret, 1.338. far erat et puri lucida mica salis, 1.339. nondum pertulerat lacrimatas cortice murras 1.340. acta per aequoreas hospita navis aquas, 1.341. tura nec Euphrates nec miserat India costum, 1.342. nec fuerant rubri cognita fila croci. 1.343. ara dabat fumos herbis contenta Sabinis 1.344. et non exiguo laurus adusta sono. 1.345. si quis erat, factis prati de flore coronis 1.346. qui posset violas addere, dives erat. 1.347. hic, qui nunc aperit percussi viscera tauri, 1.348. in sacris nullum culter habebat opus. 1.349. prima Ceres avidae gavisa est sanguine porcae 1.350. ulta suas merita caede nocentis opes; 1.351. nam sata vere novo teneris lactentia sulcis 1.352. eruta saetigerae comperit ore suis. 1.353. sus dederat poenas: exemplo territus huius 1.354. palmite debueras abstinuisse, caper. 1.355. quem spectans aliquis dentes in vite prementem 1.356. talia non tacito dicta dolore dedit: 1.357. ‘rode, caper, vitem! tamen hinc, cum stabis ad aram, 1.358. in tua quod spargi cornua possit, erit.’ 1.359. verba fides sequitur: noxae tibi deditus hostis 1.360. spargitur adfuso cornua, Bacche, mero. 1.361. culpa sui nocuit, nocuit quoque culpa capellae: 1.362. quid bos, quid placidae commeruistis oves? 1.363. flebat Aristaeus, quod apes cum stirpe necatas 1.364. viderat inceptos destituisse favos. 1.365. caerula quem genetrix aegre solata dolentem 1.366. addidit haec dictis ultima verba suis: 1.367. ‘siste, puer, lacrimas! Proteus tua damna levabit, 1.368. quoque modo repares quae periere, dabit, 1.369. decipiat ne te versis tamen ille figuris, 1.370. impediant geminas vincula firma manus.’ 1.371. pervenit ad vatem iuvenis resolutaque somno 1.372. alligat aequorei brachia capta senis, 1.373. ille sua faciem transformis adulterat arte: 1.374. mox domitus vinclis in sua membra redit, 1.375. oraque caerulea tollens rorantia barba, 1.376. qua dixit ‘repares arte, requiris, apes? 1.377. obrue mactati corpus tellure iuvenci: 1.378. quod petis a nobis, obrutus ille dabit.’ 1.379. iussa facit pastor: fervent examina putri 1.380. de bove: mille animas una necata dedit, 1.381. poscit ovem fatum: verbenas improba carpsit, 1.382. quas pia dis ruris ferre solebat anus. 1.383. quid tuti superest, animam cum ponat in aris 1.384. lanigerumque pecus ruricolaeque boves? 1.385. placat equo Persis radiis Hyperiona cinctum, 1.386. ne detur celeri victima tarda deo. 1.387. quod semel est triplici pro virgine caesa Dianae, 1.388. nunc quoque pro nulla virgine cerva cadit, 1.389. exta canum vidi Triviae libare Sapaeos, 1.390. et quicumque tuas accolit, Haeme, nives, 1.391. caeditur et rigido custodi ruris asellus; 1.392. causa pudenda quidem, sed tamen apta deo. 1.393. festa corymbiferi celebrabas, Graecia, Bacchi, 1.394. tertia quae solito tempore bruma refert. 1.395. di quoque cultores in idem venere Lyaei, 1.396. et quicumque iocis non alienus erat, 1.397. Panes et in Venerem Satyrorum prona iuventus, 1.398. quaeque colunt amnes solaque rura deae. 1.399. venerat et senior pando Silenus asello, 1.400. quique ruber pavidas inguine terret aves, 1.401. dulcia qui dignum nemus in convivia nacti 1.402. gramine vestitis accubuere toris, vina 1.403. vina dabat Liber, tulerat sibi quisque coronam, 1.404. miscendas parce rivus agebat aquas. 1.405. Naides effusis aliae sine pectinis usu, 1.406. pars aderant positis arte manuque comis: 1.407. illa super suras tunicam collecta ministrat, 1.408. altera dissuto pectus aperta sinu: 1.409. exserit haec humerum, vestem trahit illa per herbas, 1.410. impediunt teneros vincula nulla pedes, 1.411. hinc aliae Satyris incendia mitia praebent, 1.412. pars tibi, qui pinu tempora nexa geris, 1.413. te quoque, inextinctae Silene libidinis, urunt: 1.414. nequitia est, quae te non sinit esse senem. 1.415. at ruber, hortorum decus et tutela, Priapus 1.416. omnibus ex illis Lotide captus erat: 1.417. hanc cupit, hanc optat, sola suspirat in illa, 1.418. signaque dat nutu, sollicitatque notis, 1.419. fastus inest pulchris, sequiturque superbia formam: 1.420. irrisum voltu despicit illa suo. 1.421. nox erat, et vino somnum faciente iacebant 1.422. corpora diversis victa sopore locis. 1.423. Lotis in herbosa sub acernis ultima ramis, 1.424. sicut erat lusu fessa, quievit humo. 1.425. surgit amans animamque tenens vestigia furtim 1.426. suspenso digitis fert taciturna gradu, 1.427. ut tetigit niveae secreta cubilia nymphae, 1.428. ipsa sui flatus ne sonet aura, cavet, 1.429. et iam finitima corpus librabat in herba: 1.430. illa tamen multi plena soporis erat. 1.431. gaudet et, a pedibus tracto velamine, vota 1.432. ad sua felici coeperat ire via. 1.433. ecce rudens rauco Sileni vector asellus 1.434. intempestivos edidit ore sonos. 1.435. territa consurgit nymphe manibusque Priapum 1.436. reicit et fugiens concitat omne nemus; 1.437. at deus obscena nimium quoque parte paratus 1.438. omnibus ad lunae lumina risus erat. 1.439. morte dedit poenas auctor clamoris, et haec est 1.440. Hellespontiaco victima grata deo. 1.441. intactae fueratis aves, solacia ruris, 1.442. adsuetum silvis innocuumque genus, 1.443. quae facitis nidos et plumis ova fovetis 1.444. et facili dulces editis ore modos; 1.445. sed nil ista iuvant, quia linguae crimen habetis, 1.446. dique putant mentes vos aperire suas. 1.447. nec tamen hoc falsum: nam, dis ut proxima quaeque, 1.448. nunc penna veras, nunc datis ore notas, 1.449. tuta diu volucrum proles tum denique caesa est, 1.450. iuveruntque deos indicis exta sui. 1.451. ergo saepe suo coniunx abducta marito 1.452. uritur Idaliis alba columba focis; 1.453. nec defensa iuvant Capitolia, quo minus anser 1.454. det iecur in lances, Inachi lauta, tuas; 1.455. nocte deae Nocti cristatus caeditur ales, 1.456. quod tepidum vigili provocet ore diem. 1.457. Interea Delphin clarum super aequora sidus 1.458. tollitur et patriis exerit ora vadis. 10. B EN 4.85. quo non livor adit? sunt qui tibi mensis honorem 4.86. eripuisse velint invideantque, Venus, 4.87. nam quia ver aperit tunc omnia, densaque cedit 4.88. frigoris asperitas, fetaque terra patet, 4.89. Aprilem memorant ab aperto tempore dictum, 4.90. quem Venus iniecta vindicat alma manu. 4.91. illa quidem totum dignissima temperat orbem; 4.92. illa tenet nullo regna minora deo, 4.93. iuraque dat caelo, terrae, natalibus undis, 4.94. perque suos initus continet omne genus. 4.95. illa deos omnes (longum est numerare) creavit: 4.96. illa satis causas arboribusque dedit: 4.97. illa rudes animos hominum contraxit in unum 4.98. et docuit iungi cum pare quemque sua. 4.99. quid genus omne creat volucrum, nisi blanda voluptas? 4.100. nec coeant pecudes, si levis absit amor. 4.101. cum mare trux aries cornu decertat; at idem 4.102. frontem dilectae laedere parcit ovis. 4.103. deposita sequitur taurus feritate iuvencam, 4.104. quem toti saltus, quem nemus omne tremit. 4.105. vis eadem, lato quodcumque sub aequore vivit, 4.106. servat et innumeris piscibus implet aquas. 4.107. prima feros habitus homini detraxit: ab illa 4.108. venerunt cultus mundaque cura sui. 4.109. primus amans carmen vigilatum nocte negata 4.110. dicitur ad clausas concinuisse fores, 4.111. eloquiumque fuit duram exorare puellam, 4.112. proque sua causa quisque disertus erat. 4.113. mille per hanc artes motae; studioque placendi 4.114. quae latuere prius, multa reperta ferunt. 4.115. hanc quisquam titulo mensis spoliare secundi 4.116. audeat? a nobis sit furor iste procul, 4.117. quid, quod ubique potens templisque frequentibus aucta, 4.118. urbe tamen nostra ius dea maius habet? 4.119. pro Troia, Romane, tua Venus arma ferebat, 4.120. cum gemuit teneram cuspide laesa manum: 4.121. caelestesque duas Troiano iudice vicit 4.122. (a! nolim victas hoc meminisse deas!), 4.123. Assaracique nurus dicta est, ut scilicet olim 4.124. magnus Iuleos Caesar haberet avos. 4.125. nec Veneri tempus quam ver erat aptius ullum i 4.126. vere nitent terrae, vere remissus ager, 4.127. nunc herbae rupta tellure cacumina tollunt, 4.128. nunc tumido gemmas cortice palmes agit. 4.129. et formosa Venus formoso tempore digna est, 4.130. utque solet, Marti continuata suo est: 4.131. vere monet curvas materna per aequora puppes 4.132. ire nec hibernas iam timuisse minas. 1. CK. APRIL. NP

1.317. Add four successive days to the Nones and Janu 1.318. Must be propitiated on the Agonal day. 1.319. The day may take its name from the girded priest 1.320. At whose blow the god’s sacrifice is felled: 1.321. Always, before he stains the naked blade with hot blood, 1.322. He asks if he should (agatne), and won’t unless commanded. 1.323. Some believe that the day is called Agonal because 1.324. The sheep do not come to the altar but are driven (agantur). 1.325. Others think the ancients called this festival Agnalia, 1.326. ‘of the lambs’, dropping a letter from its usual place. 1.327. Or because the victim fears the knife mirrored in the water, 1.328. The day might be so called from the creature’s agony? 1.329. It may also be that the day has a Greek name 1.330. From the games (agones) that were held in former times. 1.331. And in ancient speech agonia meant a sheep, 1.332. And this last reason in my judgement is the truth. 1.333. Though the meaning is uncertain, the king of the rites, 1.334. Must appease the gods with the mate of a woolly ewe. 1.335. It’s called the victim because a victorious hand fells it: 1.336. And hostia, sacrifice, from hostile conquered foes. 1.337. Cornmeal, and glittering grains of pure salt, 1.338. Were once the means for men to placate the gods. 1.339. No foreign ship had yet brought liquid myrrh 1.340. Extracted from tree’s bark, over the ocean waves: 1.341. Euphrates had not sent incense, nor India balm, 1.342. And the threads of yellow saffron were unknown. 1.343. The altar was happy to fume with Sabine juniper, 1.344. And the laurel burned with a loud crackling. 1.345. He was rich, whoever could add violet 1.346. To garlands woven from meadow flowers. 1.347. The knife that bares the entrails of the stricken bull, 1.348. Had no role to perform in the sacred rites. 1.349. Ceres was first to delight in the blood of the greedy sow, 1.350. Her crops avenged by the rightful death of the guilty creature, 1.351. She learned that in spring the grain, milky with sweet juice, 1.352. Had been uprooted by the snouts of bristling pigs. 1.353. The swine were punished: terrified by that example, 1.354. You should have spared the vine-shoots, he-goat. 1.355. Watching a goat nibbling a vine someone once 1.356. Vented their indignation in these words: 1.357. ‘Gnaw the vine, goat! But when you stand at the altar 1.358. There’ll be something from it to sprinkle on your horns.’ 1.359. Truth followed: Bacchus, your enemy is given you 1.360. To punish, and sprinkled wine flows over its horns. 1.361. The sow suffered for her crime, and the goat for hers: 1.362. But what were you guilty of you sheep and oxen? 1.363. Aristaeus wept because he saw his bees destroyed, 1.364. And the hives they had begun left abandoned. 1.365. His azure mother, Cyrene, could barely calm his grief, 1.366. But added these final words to what she said: 1.367. ‘Son, cease your tears! Proteus will allay your loss, 1.368. And show you how to recover what has perished. 1.369. But lest he still deceives you by changing shape, 1.370. Entangle both his hands with strong fastenings.’ 1.371. The youth approached the seer, who was fast asleep, 1.372. And bound the arms of that Old Man of the Sea. 1.373. He by his art altered his shape and transformed his face, 1.374. But soon reverted to his true form, tamed by the ropes. 1.375. Then raising his dripping head, and sea-green beard, 1.376. He said: ‘Do you ask how to recover your bees? 1.377. Kill a heifer and bury its carcase in the earth, 1.378. Buried it will produce what you ask of me.’ 1.379. The shepherd obeyed: the beast’s putrid corpse 1.380. Swarmed: one life destroyed created thousands. 1.381. Death claims the sheep: wickedly, it grazed the vervain 1.382. That a pious old woman offered to the rural gods. 1.383. What creature’s safe if woolly sheep, and oxen 1.384. Broken to the plough, lay their lives on the altar? 1.385. Persia propitiates Hyperion, crowned with rays, 1.386. With horses, no sluggish victims for the swift god. 1.387. Because a hind was once sacrificed to Diana the twin, 1.388. Instead of Iphigeneia, a hind dies, though not for a virgin now. 1.389. I have seen a dog’s entrails offered to Trivia by Sapaeans, 1.390. Whose homes border on your snows, Mount Haemus. 1.391. A young ass too is sacrificed to the erect rural guardian, 1.392. Priapus, the reason’s shameful, but appropriate to the god. 1.393. Greece, you held a festival of ivy-berried Bacchus, 1.394. That used to recur at the appointed time, every third winter. 1.395. There too came the divinities who worshipped him as Lyaeus, 1.396. And whoever else was not averse to jesting, 1.397. The Pans and the young Satyrs prone to lust, 1.398. And the goddesses of rivers and lonely haunts. 1.399. And old Silenus came on a hollow-backed ass, 1.400. And crimson Priapus scaring the timid birds with his rod. 1.401. Finding a grove suited to sweet entertainment, 1.402. They lay down on beds of grass covered with cloths. 1.403. Liber offered wine, each had brought a garland, 1.404. A stream supplied ample water for the mixing. 1.405. There were Naiads too, some with uncombed flowing hair, 1.406. Others with their tresses artfully bound. 1.407. One attends with tunic tucked high above the knee, 1.408. Another shows her breast through her loosened robe: 1.409. One bares her shoulder: another trails her hem in the grass, 1.410. Their tender feet are not encumbered with shoes. 1.411. So some create amorous passion in the Satyrs, 1.412. Some in you, Pan, brows wreathed in pine. 1.413. You too Silenus, are on fire, insatiable lecher: 1.414. Wickedness alone prevents you growing old. 1.415. But crimson Priapus, guardian and glory of gardens, 1.416. of them all, was captivated by Lotis: 1.417. He desires, and prays, and sighs for her alone, 1.418. He signals to her, by nodding, woos her with signs. 1.419. But the lovely are disdainful, pride waits on beauty: 1.420. She laughed at him, and scorned him with a look. 1.421. It was night, and drowsy from the wine, 1.422. They lay here and there, overcome by sleep. 1.423. Tired from play, Lotis rested on the grassy earth, 1.424. Furthest away, under the maple branches. 1.425. Her lover stood, and holding his breath, stole 1.426. Furtively and silently towards her on tiptoe. 1.427. Reaching the snow-white nymph’s secluded bed, 1.428. He took care lest the sound of his breath escaped. 1.429. Now he balanced on his toes on the grass nearby: 1.430. But she was still completely full of sleep. 1.431. He rejoiced, and drawing the cover from her feet, 1.432. He happily began to have his way with her. 1.433. Suddenly Silenus’ ass braying raucously, 1.434. Gave an untimely bellow from its jaws. 1.435. Terrified the nymph rose, pushed Priapus away, 1.436. And, fleeing, gave the alarm to the whole grove. 1.437. But the over-expectant god with his rigid member, 1.438. Was laughed at by them all, in the moonlight. 1.439. The creator of that ruckus paid with his life, 1.440. And he’s the sacrifice dear to the Hellespontine god. 1.441. You were chaste once, you birds, a rural solace, 1.442. You harmless race that haunt the woodlands, 1.443. Who build your nests, warm your eggs with your wings, 1.444. And utter sweet measures from your ready beaks, 1.445. But that is no help to you, because of your guilty tongues, 1.446. And the gods’ belief that you reveal their thoughts. 1.447. Nor is that false: since the closer you are to the gods, 1.448. The truer the omens you give by voice and flight. 1.449. Though long untouched, birds were killed at last, 1.450. And the gods delighted in the informers’ entrails. 1.451. So the white dove, torn from her mate, 1.452. Is often burned in the Idalian flames: 1.453. Nor did saving the Capitol benefit the goose, 1.454. Who yielded his liver on a dish to you, Inachus’ daughter: 1.455. The cock is sacrificed at night to the Goddess, Night, 1.456. Because he summons the day with his waking cries, 1.457. While the bright constellation of the Dolphin rise 1.458. Over the sea, and shows his face from his native waters. 4.85. Where does envy not reach? Venus, there are some 4.86. Who’d grudge you your month, and snatch it away. 4.87. They say Spring was named from the open (apertum) season, 4.88. Because Spring opens (aperit) everything and the sharp 4.89. Frost-bound cold vanishes, and fertile soil’s revealed, 4.90. Though kind Venus sets her hand there and claims it. 4.91. She rules the whole world too, and truly deserves to: 4.92. She owns a realm not inferior to any god’s, 4.93. Commands earth and heaven, and her native ocean, 4.94. And maintains all beings from her source. 4.95. She created the gods (too numerous to mention): 4.96. She gave the crops and trees their first roots: 4.97. She brought the crude minds of men together, 4.98. And taught them each to associate with a partner. 4.99. What but sweet pleasure creates all the race of birds? 4.100. Cattle wouldn’t mate, if gentle love were absent. 4.101. The wild ram butts the males with his horn, 4.102. But won’t hurt the brow of his beloved ewe. 4.103. The bull, that the woods and pastures fear, 4.104. Puts off his fierceness and follows the heifer. 4.105. The same force preserves whatever lives in the deep, 4.106. And fills the waters with innumerable fish. 4.107. That force first stripped man of his wild apparel: 4.108. From it he learned refinement and elegance. 4.109. It’s said a banished lover first serenaded 4.110. His mistress by night, at her closed door, 4.111. And eloquence then was the winning of a reluctant maid, 4.112. And everyone pleaded his or her own cause. 4.113. A thousand arts are furthered by the goddess: and the wish 4.114. To delight has revealed many things that were hidden. 4.115. Who dares to steal her honour of naming the second month? 4.116. Let such madness be far from my thoughts. 4.117. Besides, though she’s powerful everywhere, her temple 4.118. Crowded, doesn’t she hold most sway in our City? 4.119. Venus, Roman, carried weapons to defend your Troy, 4.120. And groaned at the spear wound in her gentle hand: 4.121. And she defeated two goddesses, by a Trojan judgement, 4.122. (Ah! If only they hadn’t remembered her victory!) 4.123. And she was called the bride of Assaracus’s son, 4.124. So that mighty Caesar would have Julian ancestors. 4.125. No season is more fitting for Venus than Spring: 4.126. In spring the earth gleams: in spring the ground’s soft, 4.127. Now the grass pokes its tips through the broken soil, 4.128. Now the vine bursts in buds through the swollen bark. 4.129. And lovely Venus deserves the lovely season, 4.130. And is joined again to her darling Mars: 4.131. In Spring she tells the curving ships to sail, over 4.132. Her native seas, and fear the winter’s threat no longer.

11. Ovid, Metamorphoses, 1.107, 5.308-5.309, 5.319-5.331, 5.341-5.355, 5.363, 5.365-5.377, 5.379-5.381, 5.391, 5.427-5.429, 5.474-5.486, 5.492, 5.523-5.532, 5.564-5.565 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •metamorphoses, calliope Found in books: Williams and Vol (2022), Philosophy in Ovid, Ovid as Philosopher, 167, 168, 169, 170, 171, 173, 174, 176, 178, 179, 180, 182

1.107. Ver erat aeternum, placidique tepentibus auris 5.308. “Desinite indoctum vana dulcedine vulgus 5.309. fallere: nobiscum, siqua est fiducia vobis, 5.319. bella canit superum, falsoque in honore Gigantas 5.320. ponit et extenuat magnorum facta deorum; 5.321. emissumque ima de sede Typhoea terrae 5.322. caelitibus fecisse metum cunctosque dedisse 5.323. terga fugae, donec fessos Aegyptia tellus 5.324. ceperit et septem discretus in ostia Nilus. 5.325. Huc quoque terrigenam venisse Typhoea narrat 5.326. et se mentitis superos celasse figuris; 5.327. “duxque gregis” dixit “fit Iuppiter; unde recurvis 5.328. nunc quoque formatus Libys est cum cornibus Ammon. 5.329. Delius in corvo, proles Semeleia capro, 5.330. fele soror Phoebi, nivea Saturnia vacca, 5.331. pisce Venus latuit, Cyllenius ibidis alis.” 5.341. “Prima Ceres unco glaebam dimovit aratro, 5.342. prima dedit fruges alimentaque mitia terris, 5.343. prima dedit leges: Cereris sunt omnia munus. 5.344. Illa canenda mihi est. Utinam modo dicere possem 5.345. carmina digna dea: certe dea carmine digna est. 5.346. Vasta giganteis ingesta est insula membris 5.347. Trinacris et magnis subiectum molibus urget 5.348. aetherias ausum sperare Typhoea sedes. 5.349. Nititur ille quidem pugnatque resurgere saepe, 5.350. dextra sed Ausonio manus est subiecta Peloro, 5.351. laeva, Pachyne, tibi, Lilybaeo crura premuntur, 5.352. degravat Aetna caput: sub qua resupinus harenas 5.353. eiectat flammamque ferox vomit ore Typhoeus. 5.354. Saepe remoliri luctatur pondera terrae 5.355. oppidaque et magnos devolvere corpore montes. 5.363. depositoque metu, videt hunc Erycina vagantem 5.365. “arma manusque meae, mea, nate, potentia”, dixit, 5.366. “illa, quibus superas omnes, cape tela, Cupido, 5.367. inque dei pectus celeres molire sagittas, 5.368. cui triplicis cessit fortuna novissima regni. 5.369. Tu superos ipsumque Iovem tu numina ponti 5.370. victa domas ipsumque, regit qui numina ponti. 5.371. Tartara quid cessant? cur non matrisque tuumque 5.372. imperium profers? agitur pars tertia mundi. 5.373. Et tamen in caelo, quae iam patientia nostra est, 5.374. spernimur, ac mecum vires minuuntur Amoris. 5.375. Pallada nonne vides iaculatricemque Dianam 5.376. abscessisse mihi? Cereris quoque filia virgo, 5.377. si patiemur, erit: nam spes adfectat easdem. 5.379. iunge deam patruo.” Dixit Venus. Ille pharetram 5.380. solvit et arbitrio matris de mille sagittis 5.381. unam seposuit, sed qua nec acutior ulla 5.391. perpetuum ver est. Quo dum Proserpina luco 5.427. mente gerit tacita lacrimisque absumitur omnis, 5.428. et quarum fuerat magnum modo numen, in illas 5.429. ossa pati flexus, ungues posuisse rigorem; 5.474. Nescit adhuc, ubi sit: terras tamen increpat omnes 5.475. ingratasque vocat nec frugum munere dignas, 5.476. Trinacriam ante alias, in qua vestigia damni 5.477. repperit. Ergo illic saeva vertentia glaebas 5.478. fregit aratra manu, parilique irata colonos 5.479. ruricolasque boves leto dedit arvaque iussit 5.480. fallere depositum vitiataque semina fecit. 5.481. Fertilitas terrae latum vulgata per orbem 5.482. falsa iacet: primis segetes moriuntur in herbis, 5.483. et modo sol nimius, nimius modo corripit imber 5.484. sideraque ventique nocent, avidaeque volucres 5.485. semina iacta legunt; lolium tribulique fatigant 5.486. triticeas messes et inexpugnabile gramen. 5.492. Terra nihil meruit patuitque invita rapinae. 5.523. Iuppiter excepit: “Commune est pignus onusque 5.524. nata mihi tecum. Sed si modo nomina rebus 5.525. addere vera placet, non hoc iniuria factum, 5.526. verum amor est; neque erit nobis gener ille pudori, 5.527. tu modo, diva, velis. Ut desint cetera, quantum est 5.528. esse Iovis fratrem! — Quid quod non cetera desunt 5.529. nec cedit nisi sorte mihi? sed tanta cupido 5.530. si tibi discidii est, repetet Proserpina caelum, 5.531. lege tamen certa, si nullos contigit illic 5.532. ore cibos; nam sic Parcarum foedere cautum est.” 5.564. At medius fratrisque sui maestaeque sororis 5.565. Iuppiter ex aequo volventem dividit annum.

12. Ovid, Tristia, 4.10.47 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •metamorphoses, calliope Found in books: Williams and Vol (2022), Philosophy in Ovid, Ovid as Philosopher, 57

13. Propertius, Elegies, 1.7, 1.9, 2.1.4, 2.1.17-2.1.26, 2.10.8, 2.34.41-2.34.42, 3.3 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •metamorphoses, calliope Found in books: Williams and Vol (2022), Philosophy in Ovid, Ovid as Philosopher, 51, 57

14. Vergil, Eclogues, 6 Tagged with subjects: •metamorphoses, calliope Found in books: Williams and Vol (2022), Philosophy in Ovid, Ovid as Philosopher, 51

15. Vergil, Georgics, 1.24-1.42, 1.145, 1.147-1.148, 2.513, 2.532-2.537, 4.294-4.314, 4.538-4.558 Tagged with subjects: •metamorphoses, calliope Found in books: Williams and Vol (2022), Philosophy in Ovid, Ovid as Philosopher, 171, 172, 173, 174, 177, 178

1.24. tuque adeo, quem mox quae sint habitura deorum 1.25. concilia, incertum est, urbisne invisere, Caesar, 1.26. terrarumque velis curam et te maximus orbis 1.27. auctorem frugum tempestatumque potentem 1.28. accipiat, cingens materna tempora myrto, 1.29. an deus inmensi venias maris ac tua nautae 1.30. numina sola colant, tibi serviat ultima Thule 1.31. teque sibi generum Tethys emat omnibus undis, 1.32. anne novum tardis sidus te mensibus addas, 1.33. qua locus Erigonen inter Chelasque sequentis 1.34. panditur—ipse tibi iam bracchia contrahit ardens 1.35. Scorpius et caeli iusta plus parte reliquit— 1.36. quidquid eris,—nam te nec sperant Tartara regem 1.37. nec tibi regdi veniat tam dira cupido, 1.38. quamvis Elysios miretur Graecia campos 1.39. nec repetita sequi curet Proserpina matrem— 1.40. da facilem cursum atque audacibus adnue coeptis 1.41. ignarosque viae mecum miseratus agrestis 1.42. ingredere et votis iam nunc adsuesce vocari. 1.145. tum variae venere artes. Labor omnia vicit 1.147. Prima Ceres ferro mortalis vertere terram 1.148. instituit, cum iam glandes atque arbuta sacrae 2.513. Agricola incurvo terram dimovit aratro: 2.532. Hanc olim veteres vitam coluere Sabini, 2.533. hanc Remus et frater, sic fortis Etruria crevit 2.534. scilicet et rerum facta est pulcherrima Roma, 2.535. septemque una sibi muro circumdedit arces. 2.536. Ante etiam sceptrum Dictaei regis et ante 2.537. inpia quam caesis gens est epulata iuvencis, 4.294. omnis in hac certam regio iacit arte salutem. 4.295. Exiguus primum atque ipsos contractus in usus 4.296. eligitur locus; hunc angustique imbrice tecti 4.297. parietibusque premunt artis et quattuor addunt, 4.298. quattuor a ventis obliqua luce fenestras. 4.299. Tum vitulus bima curvans iam cornua fronte 4.300. quaeritur; huic geminae nares et spiritus oris 4.301. multa reluctanti obstruitur, plagisque perempto 4.302. tunsa per integram solvuntur viscera pellem. 4.303. Sic positum in clauso linquunt et ramea costis 4.304. subiciunt fragmenta, thymum casiasque recentes. 4.305. Hoc geritur Zephyris primum impellentibus undas, 4.306. ante novis rubeant quam prata coloribus, ante 4.307. garrula quam tignis nidum suspendat hirundo. 4.308. Interea teneris tepefactus in ossibus umor 4.309. aestuat et visenda modis animalia miris, 4.310. trunca pedum primo, mox et stridentia pennis, 4.311. miscentur tenuemque magis magis aera carpunt, 4.312. donec, ut aestivis effusus nubibus imber, 4.313. erupere aut ut nervo pulsante sagittae, 4.314. prima leves ineunt si quando proelia Parthi. 4.538. Quattuor eximios praestanti corpore tauros, 4.539. qui tibi nunc viridis depascunt summa Lycaei, 4.540. delige et intacta totidem cervice iuvencas. 4.541. Quattuor his aras alta ad delubra dearum 4.542. constitue et sacrum iugulis demitte cruorem, 4.543. corporaque ipsa boum frondoso desere luco. 4.544. Post, ubi nona suos Aurora ostenderit ortus, 4.545. inferias Orphei Lethaea papavera mittes 4.546. et nigram mactabis ovem lucumque revises: 4.547. placatam Eurydicen vitula venerabere caesa.” 4.548. Haud mora; continuo matris praecepta facessit; 4.549. ad delubra venit, monstratas excitat aras, 4.550. quattuor eximios praestanti corpore tauros 4.551. ducit et intacta totidem cervice iuvencas. 4.552. Post, ubi nona suos Aurora induxerat ortus, 4.553. inferias Orphei mittit lucumque revisit. 4.554. Hic vero subitum ac dictu mirabile monstrum 4.555. adspiciunt, liquefacta boum per viscera toto 4.556. stridere apes utero et ruptis effervere costis, 4.557. immensasque trahi nubes, iamque arbore summa 4.558. confluere et lentis uvam demittere ramis.

Tiresias: The Ancient Mediterranean Religions Source Database