| 1. Herodotus, Histories, 2.3.5 (5th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •identity, in the ancient world Found in books: Lieu (2004), Christian Identity in the Jewish and Graeco-Roman World, 182 |
| 2. Xenophon, On Household Management, 6.16-11.8 (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •identity, in the ancient world Found in books: Lieu (2004), Christian Identity in the Jewish and Graeco-Roman World, 183 |
| 3. Aristotle, Rhetoric, 1.5-1.6 (4th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •identity, in the ancient world Found in books: Lieu (2004), Christian Identity in the Jewish and Graeco-Roman World, 187 |
4. Septuagint, 2 Maccabees, 2.21, 8.1, 14.38 (2nd cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •identity, in the ancient world Found in books: Lieu (2004), Christian Identity in the Jewish and Graeco-Roman World, 18 | 2.21. and the appearances which came from heaven to those who strove zealously on behalf of Judaism, so that though few in number they seized the whole land and pursued the barbarian hordes,' 8.1. But Judas, who was also called Maccabeus, and his companions secretly entered the villages and summoned their kinsmen and enlisted those who had continued in the Jewish faith, and so they gathered about six thousand men.' 14.38. For in former times, when there was no mingling with the Gentiles, he had been accused of Judaism, and for Judaism he had with all zeal risked body and life.' |
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5. Dionysius of Halycarnassus, Roman Antiquities, 20.12.2 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •identity, in the ancient world Found in books: Lieu (2004), Christian Identity in the Jewish and Graeco-Roman World, 187 | 20.12.2. Disturbed by this vision and divining that some great misfortune would ensue, since he had already on an earlier occasion beheld a similar vision in a dream and some dire disaster had followed, he wished to hold back that day, but was not strong enough to defeat fate; for his friends opposed the delay and demanded that he should not let the favourable opportunity slip from his grasp. |
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| 6. Horace, Odes, 3.6 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •identity, in the ancient world Found in books: Lieu (2004), Christian Identity in the Jewish and Graeco-Roman World, 188 |
7. Philo of Alexandria, On The Special Laws, 2.31 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •identity, in the ancient world Found in books: Lieu (2004), Christian Identity in the Jewish and Graeco-Roman World, 182 | 2.31. But the soul which is deprived of the wisdom and guardianship of a parent, and of the union of right reason, being widowed of her most excellent defences, and abandoned by wisdom, if it has chosen a life open to reproach, must be bound by its own conduct, not having reason in accordance with wisdom to act as intercessor, to relieve her of the consequences of her sins, neither has a husband living with her, nor as a father who has begotten her.VIII. |
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| 8. Livy, History, 39.8-39.18 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •identity, in the ancient world Found in books: Lieu (2004), Christian Identity in the Jewish and Graeco-Roman World, 188 |
9. Philo of Alexandria, On The Life of Abraham, 136, 135 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Lieu (2004), Christian Identity in the Jewish and Graeco-Roman World, 186 | 135. As men, being unable to bear discreetly a satiety of these things, get restive like cattle, and become stiff-necked, and discard the laws of nature, pursuing a great and intemperate indulgence of gluttony, and drinking, and unlawful connections; for not only did they go mad after women, and defile the marriage bed of others, but also those who were men lusted after one another, doing unseemly things, and not regarding or respecting their common nature, and though eager for children, they were convicted by having only an abortive offspring; but the conviction produced no advantage, since they were overcome by violent desire; |
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| 10. Juvenal, Satires, 6.184-6.189 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •identity, in the ancient world Found in books: Lieu (2004), Christian Identity in the Jewish and Graeco-Roman World, 188 |
| 11. Epictetus, Enchiridion, 41 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •identity, in the ancient world Found in books: Lieu (2004), Christian Identity in the Jewish and Graeco-Roman World, 189 |
12. New Testament, Galatians, 3.28 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •identity, in the ancient world Found in books: Lieu (2004), Christian Identity in the Jewish and Graeco-Roman World, 20| 3.28. οὐκ ἔνι Ἰουδαῖος οὐδὲ Ἕλλην, οὐκ ἔνι δοῦλος οὐδὲ ἐλεύθερος, οὐκ ἔνι ἄρσεν καὶ θῆλυ· πάντες γὰρ ὑμεῖς εἷς ἐστὲ ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ. | 3.28. There is neither Jewnor Greek, there is neither slave nor free man, there is neither malenor female; for you are all one in Christ Jesus. |
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13. Tacitus, Histories, 3.39-3.40, 3.47, 15.4-15.5 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •identity, in the ancient world Found in books: Lieu (2004), Christian Identity in the Jewish and Graeco-Roman World, 186, 187 | 3.39. Anxiously hesitating between crime and the fear that, if delayed, the death of Blaesus might bring prompt ruin or, if openly ordered, a storm of hate, Vitellius decided to resort to poison. He gave the public reason to believe in his guilt by his evident joy when he went to see Blaesus. Moreover, he was heard to make a brutal remark, boasting â and I shall quote his very words â that he had "feasted his eyes on the sight of his enemy's death-bed." Blaesus was a man not only of distinguished family and of refinement, but also of resolute loyalty. Even while the position of Vitellius was still unshaken, he had been solicited by Caecina and the party leaders who already despised the emperor, but he persisted in rejecting their advances. Honourable, opposed to revolution, moved by no desire for sudden honours, least of all for the principate, he could not escape being regarded as worthy of it. 3.40. Fabius Valens in the meantime, with his long effeminate train of concubines and eunuchs, moved on too slowly for a general going out to war. On his way he heard from messengers who came in haste, that Lucius Bassus had betrayed the fleet at Ravenna to the Flavians. Yet if he had hurried, he might have stopped Caecina, who was still wavering; or at least he could have reached the legions before the decisive battle. Some advised him to take his most trusty men and, avoiding Ravenna, to push on by secret roads to Hostilia or Cremona; others favoured summoning the praetorian cohorts from Rome and then breaking through with a strong force. But Valens by useless delay wasted in discussion the time for action; later he rejected both the plans proposed, and in following a middle course â the worst of all policies in times of doubt â he showed neither adequate courage nor foresight. 3.47. Nor were the other nations quiet. There was a sudden armed uprising in Pontus led by a barbarian slave who had once been prefect of the royal fleet. This was a certain Anicetus, a freedman of Polemo, who, having been once very powerful, was impatient of the change after the kingdom was transformed into a province. So he stirred up the people of Pontus in the name of Vitellius, bribing the poorest among them with hope of plunder. Then at the head of a band, which was far from being negligible, he suddenly attacked Trapezus, a city of ancient fame, founded by Greeks at the extreme end of the coast of Pontus. There he massacred a cohort, which originally consisted of auxiliaries furnished by the king; later its members had been granted Roman citizenship and had adopted Roman standards and arms, but retained the indolence and licence of the Greeks. He also set fire to the fleet and escaped by sea, which was unpatrolled since Mucianus had concentrated the best light galleys and all the marines at Byzantium. Moreover, the barbarians had hastily built vessels and now roamed the sea at will, despising the power of Rome. Their boats they call camarae; they have a low freeboard but are broad of beam, and are fastened together without spikes of bronze or iron. When the sea is rough the sailors build up the bulwarks with planks to match the height of the waves, until they close in the hull like the roof of a house. Thus protected these vessels roll about amid the waves. They have a prow at both ends and their arrangement of oars may be shifted, so that they can be safely propelled in either direction at will. |
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| 14. Seneca The Younger, Letters, 40.11-40.14, 88.19, 92.33 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •identity, in the ancient world Found in books: Lieu (2004), Christian Identity in the Jewish and Graeco-Roman World, 181, 187, 188 |
15. Josephus Flavius, Jewish War, 4.561-4.563 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •identity, in the ancient world Found in books: Lieu (2004), Christian Identity in the Jewish and Graeco-Roman World, 186 | 4.561. They also devoured what spoils they had taken, together with their blood, and indulged themselves in feminine wantonness, without any disturbance, till they were satiated therewith; while they decked their hair, and put on women’s garments, and were besmeared over with ointments; and that they might appear very comely, they had paints under their eyes, 4.562. and imitated not only the ornaments, but also the lusts of women, and were guilty of such intolerable uncleanness, that they invented unlawful pleasures of that sort. And thus did they roll themselves up and down the city, as in a brothel house, and defiled it entirely with their impure actions; 4.563. nay, while their faces looked like the faces of women, they killed with their right hands; and when their gait was effeminate, they presently attacked men, and became warriors, and drew their swords from under their finely dyed cloaks, and ran everybody through whom they alighted upon. |
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16. Clement of Rome, 1 Clement, 20 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •identity, in the ancient world Found in books: Lieu (2004), Christian Identity in the Jewish and Graeco-Roman World, 21 | 20. The heavens, revolving under His government, are subject to Him in peace. Day and night run the course appointed by Him, in no wise hindering each other. The sun and moon, with the companies of the stars, roll on in harmony according to His command, within their prescribed limits, and without any deviation. The fruitful earth, according to His will, brings forth food in abundance, at the proper seasons, for man and beast and all the living beings upon it, never hesitating, nor changing any of the ordices which He has fixed. The unsearchable places of abysses, and the indescribable arrangements of the lower world, are restrained by the same laws. The vast unmeasurable sea, gathered together by His working into various basins, never passes beyond the bounds placed around it, but does as He has commanded. For He said, Thus far shall you come, and your waves shall be broken within you. Job 38:11 The ocean, impassable to man and the worlds beyond it, are regulated by the same enactments of the Lord. The seasons of spring, summer, autumn, and winter, peacefully give place to one another. The winds in their several quarters fulfil, at the proper time, their service without hindrance. The ever-flowing fountains, formed both for enjoyment and health, furnish without fail their breasts for the life of men. The very smallest of living beings meet together in peace and concord. All these the great Creator and Lord of all has appointed to exist in peace and harmony; while He does good to all, but most abundantly to us who have fled for refuge to His compassions through Jesus Christ our Lord, to whom be glory and majesty for ever and ever. Amen. |
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| 17. Seneca The Younger, De Constantia Sapientis, 1.1 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •identity, in the ancient world Found in books: Lieu (2004), Christian Identity in the Jewish and Graeco-Roman World, 184 |
| 18. Pliny The Younger, Panegyric, 84, 83 (2nd cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Lieu (2004), Christian Identity in the Jewish and Graeco-Roman World, 185 |
| 19. Apuleius, The Golden Ass, 8.24-8.30 (2nd cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •identity, in the ancient world Found in books: Lieu (2004), Christian Identity in the Jewish and Graeco-Roman World, 188 |
| 20. Marcus Aurelius Emperor of Rome, Meditations, 3.5 (2nd cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •identity, in the ancient world Found in books: Lieu (2004), Christian Identity in the Jewish and Graeco-Roman World, 181 |
21. Strabo, Geography, 11.5.3 Tagged with subjects: •identity, in the ancient world Found in books: Lieu (2004), Christian Identity in the Jewish and Graeco-Roman World, 184 | 11.5.3. A peculiar thing has happened in the case of the account we have of the Amazons; for our accounts of other peoples keep a distinction between the mythical and the historical elements; for the things that are ancient and false and monstrous are called myths, but history wishes for the truth, whether ancient or recent, and contains no monstrous element, or else only rarely. But as regards the Amazons, the same stories are told now as in early times, though they are marvellous and beyond belief. For instance, who could believe that an army of women, or a city, or a tribe, could ever be organized without men, and not only be organized, but even make inroads upon the territory of other people, and not only overpower the peoples near them to the extent of advancing as far as what is now Ionia, but even send an expedition across the sea as far as Attica? For this is the same as saying that the men of those times were women and that the women were men. Nevertheless, even at the present time these very stories are told about the Amazons, and they intensify the peculiarity above-mentioned and our belief in the ancient accounts rather than those of the present time. |
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22. Septuagint, 4 Maccabees, 4.26 Tagged with subjects: •identity, in the ancient world Found in books: Lieu (2004), Christian Identity in the Jewish and Graeco-Roman World, 18 | 4.26. when, then, his decrees were despised by the people, he himself, through torture, tried to compel everyone in the nation to eat defiling foods and to renounce Judaism. |
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