1. Septuagint, Tobit, 11.18 (th cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •hebrew (ethnonym) Found in books: Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 157 | 11.18. Ahikar and his nephew Nadab came, |
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2. Hebrew Bible, Esther, 5.13, 6.10, 8.7, 9.29-9.31, 10.3 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •hebrew (ethnonym) Found in books: Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 157, 192| 5.13. "וְכָל־זֶה אֵינֶנּוּ שֹׁוֶה לִי בְּכָל־עֵת אֲשֶׁר אֲנִי רֹאֶה אֶת־מָרְדֳּכַי הַיְּהוּדִי יוֹשֵׁב בְּשַׁעַר הַמֶּלֶךְ׃", 8.7. "וַיֹּאמֶר הַמֶּלֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵרֹשׁ לְאֶסְתֵּר הַמַּלְכָּה וּלְמָרְדֳּכַי הַיְּהוּדִי הִנֵּה בֵית־הָמָן נָתַתִּי לְאֶסְתֵּר וְאֹתוֹ תָּלוּ עַל־הָעֵץ עַל אֲשֶׁר־שָׁלַח יָדוֹ ביהודיים [בַּיְּהוּדִים׃]", 9.29. "וַתִּכְתֹּב אֶסְתֵּר הַמַּלְכָּה בַת־אֲבִיחַיִל וּמָרְדֳּכַי הַיְּהוּדִי אֶת־כָּל־תֹּקֶף לְקַיֵּם אֵת אִגֶּרֶת הַפּוּרִים הַזֹּאת הַשֵּׁנִית׃", 9.31. "לְקַיֵּם אֵת־יְמֵי הַפֻּרִים הָאֵלֶּה בִּזְמַנֵּיהֶם כַּאֲשֶׁר קִיַּם עֲלֵיהֶם מָרְדֳּכַי הַיְּהוּדִי וְאֶסְתֵּר הַמַּלְכָּה וְכַאֲשֶׁר קִיְּמוּ עַל־נַפְשָׁם וְעַל־זַרְעָם דִּבְרֵי הַצֹּמוֹת וְזַעֲקָתָם׃", 10.3. "כִּי מָרְדֳּכַי הַיְּהוּדִי מִשְׁנֶה לַמֶּלֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ וְגָדוֹל לַיְּהוּדִים וְרָצוּי לְרֹב אֶחָיו דֹּרֵשׁ טוֹב לְעַמּוֹ וְדֹבֵר שָׁלוֹם לְכָל־זַרְעוֹ׃", | 5.13. "Yet all this availeth me nothing, so long as I see Mordecai the Jew sitting at the king’s gate.’", 6.10. "Then the king said to Haman: ‘Make haste, and take the apparel and the horse, as thou hast said, and do even so to Mordecai the Jew, that sitteth at the king’s gate; let nothing fail of all that thou hast spoken.’", 8.7. "Then the king Ahasuerus said unto Esther the queen and to Mordecai the Jew: ‘Behold, I have given Esther the house of Haman, and him they have hanged upon the gallows, because he laid his hand upon the Jews.", 9.29. "Then Esther the queen, the daughter of Abihail, and Mordecai the Jew, wrote down all the acts of power, to confirm this second letter of Purim.", 9.30. "And he sent letters unto all the Jews, to the hundred twenty and seven provinces of the kingdom of Ahasuerus, with words of peace and truth,", 9.31. "to confirm these days of Purim in their appointed times, according as Mordecai the Jew and Esther the queen had enjoined them, and as they had ordained for themselves and for their seed, the matters of the fastings and their cry.", 10.3. "For Mordecai the Jew was next unto king Ahasuerus, and great among the Jews, and accepted of the multitude of his brethren; seeking the good of his people and speaking peace to all his seed.", |
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3. Hebrew Bible, Leviticus, 18.21 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •hebrew (ethnonym) Found in books: Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 156| 18.21. "וּמִזַּרְעֲךָ לֹא־תִתֵּן לְהַעֲבִיר לַמֹּלֶךְ וְלֹא תְחַלֵּל אֶת־שֵׁם אֱלֹהֶיךָ אֲנִי יְהוָה׃", | 18.21. "And thou shalt not give any of thy seed to set them apart to Molech, neither shalt thou profane the name of thy God: I am the LORD.", |
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4. Hebrew Bible, Jonah, 1.9 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •hebrew (ethnonym) Found in books: Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 149| 1.9. "וַיֹּאמֶר אֲלֵיהֶם עִבְרִי אָנֹכִי וְאֶת־יְהוָה אֱלֹהֵי הַשָּׁמַיִם אֲנִי יָרֵא אֲשֶׁר־עָשָׂה אֶת־הַיָּם וְאֶת־הַיַּבָּשָׁה׃", | 1.9. "And he said unto them: ‘I am an Hebrew; and I fear the LORD, the God of heaven, who hath made the sea and the dry land.’", |
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5. Hebrew Bible, Genesis, 14.13 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 149| 14.13. "וַיָּבֹא הַפָּלִיט וַיַּגֵּד לְאַבְרָם הָעִבְרִי וְהוּא שֹׁכֵן בְּאֵלֹנֵי מַמְרֵא הָאֱמֹרִי אֲחִי אֶשְׁכֹּל וַאֲחִי עָנֵר וְהֵם בַּעֲלֵי בְרִית־אַבְרָם׃", | 14.13. "And there came one that had escaped, and told Abram the Hebrew—now he dwelt by the terebinths of Mamre the Amorite, brother of Eshcol, and brother of Aner; and these were confederate with Abram.", |
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6. Hebrew Bible, Deuteronomy, 15.12 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •hebrew (ethnonym) Found in books: Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 149| 15.12. "כִּי־יִמָּכֵר לְךָ אָחִיךָ הָעִבְרִי אוֹ הָעִבְרִיָּה וַעֲבָדְךָ שֵׁשׁ שָׁנִים וּבַשָּׁנָה הַשְּׁבִיעִת תְּשַׁלְּחֶנּוּ חָפְשִׁי מֵעִמָּךְ׃", | 15.12. "If thy brother, a Hebrew man, or a Hebrew woman, be sold unto thee, he shall serve thee six years; and in the seventh year thou shalt let him go free from thee.", |
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7. Hebrew Bible, Exodus, 21.2 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 149, 150| 21.2. "כִּי תִקְנֶה עֶבֶד עִבְרִי שֵׁשׁ שָׁנִים יַעֲבֹד וּבַשְּׁבִעִת יֵצֵא לַחָפְשִׁי חִנָּם׃", 21.2. "וְכִי־יַכֶּה אִישׁ אֶת־עַבְדּוֹ אוֹ אֶת־אֲמָתוֹ בַּשֵּׁבֶט וּמֵת תַּחַת יָדוֹ נָקֹם יִנָּקֵם׃", | 21.2. "If thou buy a Hebrew servant, six years he shall serve; and in the seventh he shall go out free for nothing.", |
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8. Hebrew Bible, Jeremiah, 34.9, 34.14 (8th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •hebrew (ethnonym) Found in books: Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 149| 34.9. "לְשַׁלַּח אִישׁ אֶת־עַבְדּוֹ וְאִישׁ אֶת־שִׁפְחָתוֹ הָעִבְרִי וְהָעִבְרִיָּה חָפְשִׁים לְבִלְתִּי עֲבָד־בָּם בִּיהוּדִי אָחִיהוּ אִישׁ׃", 34.14. "מִקֵּץ שֶׁבַע שָׁנִים תְּשַׁלְּחוּ אִישׁ אֶת־אָחִיו הָעִבְרִי אֲשֶׁר־יִמָּכֵר לְךָ וַעֲבָדְךָ שֵׁשׁ שָׁנִים וְשִׁלַּחְתּוֹ חָפְשִׁי מֵעִמָּךְ וְלֹא־שָׁמְעוּ אֲבוֹתֵיכֶם אֵלַי וְלֹא הִטּוּ אֶת־אָזְנָם׃", | 34.9. "that every man should let his manservant, and every man his maidservant, being a Hebrew man or a Hebrew woman, go free; that none should make bondmen of them, even of a Jew his brother;", 34.14. "’At the end of seven years ye shall let go every man his brother that is a Hebrew, that hath been sold unto thee, and hath served thee six years, thou shalt let him go free from thee’; but your fathers hearkened not unto Me, neither inclined their ear.", |
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| 9. Hebrew Bible, 1 Samuel, 13, 29, 4, 14 (8th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 149 |
10. Septuagint, Tobit, 11.18 (4th cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •hebrew (ethnonym) Found in books: Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 157 | 11.18. Ahikar and his nephew Nadab came, |
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| 11. Septuagint, Wisdom of Solomon, a b c d\n0 51.47/23 51.47/23 51 47/23 (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •hebrew (ethnonym) Found in books: Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 157 |
| 12. Dead Sea Scrolls, (Cairo Damascus Covenant) Cd-A, 4.12-4.18 (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •hebrew (ethnonym) Found in books: Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 179 |
| 13. Dead Sea Scrolls, Damascus Covenant, 4.12-4.18 (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •hebrew (ethnonym) Found in books: Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 179 |
14. Anon., Jubilees, 39.10, 47.7 (2nd cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •hebrew (ethnonym) Found in books: Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 157 | 39.10. And the woman saw that he would not lie with her, and she calumniated him in the presence of his lord, saying: 47.7. And in those days Tharmuth, the daughter of Pharaoh, came to bathe in the river, and she heard thy voice crying, and she told her maidens to bring thee forth, and they brought thee unto her. |
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15. Septuagint, 2 Maccabees, 1.25, 2.21, 4.13, 7.31, 8.1, 9.5, 10.38, 11.6, 11.13, 14.38, 15.37 (2nd cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •hebrew (ethnonym) Found in books: Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 149, 156 | 1.25. who alone art bountiful, who alone art just and almighty and eternal, who dost rescue Israel from every evil, who didst choose the fathers and consecrate them,' 2.21. and the appearances which came from heaven to those who strove zealously on behalf of Judaism, so that though few in number they seized the whole land and pursued the barbarian hordes,' 4.13. There was such an extreme of Hellenization and increase in the adoption of foreign ways because of the surpassing wickedness of Jason, who was ungodly and no high priest,' 7.31. But you, who have contrived all sorts of evil against the Hebrews, will certainly not escape the hands of God.' 8.1. But Judas, who was also called Maccabeus, and his companions secretly entered the villages and summoned their kinsmen and enlisted those who had continued in the Jewish faith, and so they gathered about six thousand men.' 9.5. But the all-seeing Lord, the God of Israel, struck him an incurable and unseen blow. As soon as he ceased speaking he was seized with a pain in his bowels for which there was no relief and with sharp internal tortures --' 10.38. When they had accomplished these things, with hymns and thanksgivings they blessed the Lord who shows great kindness to Israel and gives them the victory.' 11.6. When Maccabeus and his men got word that Lysias was besieging the strongholds, they and all the people, with lamentations and tears, besought the Lord to send a good angel to save Israel.' 11.13. And as he was not without intelligence, he pondered over the defeat which had befallen him, and realized that the Hebrews were invincible because the mighty God fought on their side. So he sent to them' 14.38. For in former times, when there was no mingling with the Gentiles, he had been accused of Judaism, and for Judaism he had with all zeal risked body and life.' 15.37. This, then, is how matters turned out with Nicanor. And from that time the city has been in the possession of the Hebrews. So I too will here end my story.' |
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| 16. Septuagint, Ecclesiasticus (Siracides), a b c d\n0 51.47/23 51.47/23 51 47/23 (2nd cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •hebrew (ethnonym) Found in books: Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 157 |
| 17. Anon., Sibylline Oracles, 2.170-2.174, 3.69, 4.127, 5.161, 5.249 (1st cent. BCE - 5th cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •hebrew (ethnonym) Found in books: Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 157 |
18. Philo of Alexandria, On The Migration of Abraham, 20 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •hebrew (ethnonym) Found in books: Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 149 | 20. so that such a man is not a subject but a ruler of Egypt, that is to say of the whole region of the body; so that "he boasted of being of the race of the Hebrews," who were accustomed to rise up and leave the objects of the outward senses, and to go over to those of the intellect; for the name Hebrew, being interpreted, means "one who passes over," because he boasted that "here he had done Nothing." For to do nothing of those things which are thought much of among the wicked, but to hate them all and reject them, is praiseworthy in no slight degree; |
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19. Mishnah, Yadayim, 4.8 (1st cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •hebrew (ethnonym) Found in books: Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 166| 4.8. "אָמַר צְדוֹקִי גְלִילִי, קוֹבֵל אֲנִי עֲלֵיכֶם, פְּרוּשִׁים, שֶׁאַתֶּם כּוֹתְבִין אֶת הַמּוֹשֵׁל עִם משֶׁה בַּגֵּט. אוֹמְרִים פְּרוּשִׁים, קוֹבְלִין אָנוּ עָלֶיךָ, צְדוֹקִי גְלִילִי, שֶׁאַתֶּם כּוֹתְבִים אֶת הַמּוֹשֵׁל עִם הַשֵּׁם בַּדַּף, וְלֹא עוֹד, אֶלָּא שֶׁאַתֶּם כּוֹתְבִין אֶת הַמּוֹשֵׁל מִלְמַעְלָן וְאֶת הַשֵּׁם מִלְּמַטָּן, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (שמות ה) וַיֹּאמֶר פַּרְעֹה מִי ה' אֲשֶׁר אֶשְׁמַע בְּקֹלוֹ לְשַׁלַּח אֶת יִשְׂרָאֵל. וּכְשֶׁלָּקָה מַהוּ אוֹמֵר (שם ט), ה' הַצַּדִּיק: \n", | 4.8. "A Galilean min said: I complain against you Pharisees, that you write the name of the ruler and the name of Moses together on a divorce document. The Pharisees said: we complain against you, Galilean min, that you write the name of the ruler together with the divine name on a single page [of Torah]? And furthermore that you write the name of the ruler above and the divine name below? As it is said, \"And Pharoah said, Who is the Lord that I should hearken to his voice to let Israel go?\" (Exodus 5:2) But when he was smitten what did he say? \"The Lord is righteous\" (Exodus 9:27).", |
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20. New Testament, Matthew, 12.24 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •hebrew (ethnonym) Found in books: Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 179| 12.24. οἱ δὲ Φαρισαῖοι ἀκούσαντες εἶπον Οὗτος οὐκ ἐκβάλλει τὰ δαιμόνια εἰ μὴ ἐν τῷ Βεεζεβοὺλ ἄρχοντι τῶν δαιμονίων. | 12.24. But when the Pharisees heard it, they said, "This man does not cast out demons, except by Beelzebul, the prince of the demons." |
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21. Josephus Flavius, Jewish Antiquities, 14.187, 14.255 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •hebrew (ethnonym) Found in books: Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 149, 192 | 14.187. for whereas many will not believe what hath been written about us by the Persians and Macedonians, because those writings are not every where to be met with, nor do lie in public places, but among us ourselves, and certain other barbarous nations, 14.255. as justly expecting to receive proper requitals from us; and desiring them to remember that our ancestors were friendly to the Jews even in the days of Abraham, who was the father of all the Hebrews, as we have [also] found it set down in our public records.” |
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22. New Testament, John, 5.8-5.18, 8.17, 8.31, 8.44, 9.14-9.16, 9.22, 10.34, 12.42, 15.25, 16.2, 18.31, 18.38, 19.7, 19.12, 19.14 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 179| 5.8. λέγει αὐτῷ ὁ Ἰησοῦς Ἔγειρε ἆρον τὸν κράβαττόν σου καὶ περιπάτει. 5.9. καὶ εὐθέως ἐγένετο ὑγιὴς ὁ ἄνθρωπος, καὶ ἦρε τὸν κράβαττον αὐτοῦ καὶ περιεπάτει. Ἦν δὲ σάββατον ἐν ἐκείνῃ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ. 5.10. ἔλεγον οὖν οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι τῷ τεθεραπευμένῳ Σάββατόν ἐστιν, καὶ οὐκ ἔξεστίν σοι ἆραι τὸν κράβαττον. 5.11. ὃς δὲ ἀπεκρίθη αὐτοῖς Ὁ ποιήσας με ὑγιῆ ἐκεῖνός μοι εἶπεν Ἆρον τὸν κράβαττόν σου καὶ περιπάτει. 5.12. ἠρώτησαν αὐτόν Τίς ἐστιν ὁ ἄνθρωπος ὁ εἰπών σοι Ἆρον καὶ περιπάτει; 5.13. ὁ δὲ ἰαθεὶς οὐκ ᾔδει τίς ἐστιν, ὁ γὰρ Ἰησοῦς ἐξένευσεν ὄχλου ὄντος ἐν τῷ τόπῳ. 5.14. Μετὰ ταῦτα εὑρίσκει αὐτὸν [ὁ] Ἰησοῦς ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ Ἴδε ὑγιὴς γέγονας· μηκέτι ἁμάρτανε, ἵνα μὴ χεῖρόν σοί τι γένηται, 5.15. ἀπῆλθεν ὁ ἄνθρωπος καὶ εἶπεν τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις ὅτι Ἰησοῦς ἐστὶν ὁ ποιήσας αὐτὸν ὑγιῆ. 5.16. καὶ διὰ τοῦτο ἐδίωκον οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι τὸν Ἰησοῦν ὅτι ταῦτα ἐποίει ἐν σαββάτῳ. 5.17. ὁ δὲ ἀπεκρίνατο αὐτοῖς Ὁ πατήρ μου ἕως ἄρτι ἐργάζεται, κἀγὼ ἐργάζομαι. 5.18. διὰ τοῦτο οὖν μᾶλλον ἐζήτουν αὐτὸν οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι ἀποκτεῖναι ὅτι οὐ μόνον ἔλυε τὸ σάββατον ἀλλὰ καὶ πατέρα ἴδιον ἔλεγε τὸν θεόν, ἴσον ἑαυτὸν ποιῶν τῷ θεῷ. 8.17. καὶ ἐν τῷ νόμῳ δὲ τῷ ὑμετέρῳ γέγραπται ὅτι δύο ἀνθρώπων ἡ μαρτυρία ἀληθής ἐστιν. 8.31. Ἔλεγεν οὖν ὁ Ἰησοῦς πρὸς τοὺς πεπιστευκότας αὐτῷ Ἰουδαίους Ἐὰν ὑμεῖς μείνητε ἐν τῷ λόγῳ τῷ ἐμῷ, ἀληθῶς μαθηταί μού ἐστε, 8.44. ὑμεῖς ἐκ τοῦ πατρὸς τοῦ διαβόλου ἐστὲ καὶ τὰς ἐπιθυμίας τοῦ πατρὸς ὑμῶν θέλετε ποιεῖν. ἐκεῖνος ἀνθρωποκτόνος ἦν ἀπʼ ἀρχῆς, καὶ ἐν τῇ ἀληθείᾳ οὐκ ἔστηκεν, ὅτι οὐκ ἔστιν ἀλήθεια ἐν αὐτῷ. ὅταν λαλῇ τὸ ψεῦδος, ἐκ τῶν ἰδίων λαλεῖ, ὅτι ψεύστης ἐστὶν καὶ ὁ πατὴρ αὐτοῦ. 9.14. ἦν δὲ σάββατον ἐν ᾗ ἡμέρᾳ τὸν πηλὸν ἐποίησεν ὁ Ἰησοῦς καὶ ἀνέῳξεν αὐτοῦ τοὺς ὀφθαλμούς. 9.15. πάλιν οὖν ἠρώτων αὐτὸν καὶ οἱ Φαρισαῖοι πῶς ἀνέβλεψεν. ὁ δὲ εἶπεν αὐτοῖς Πηλὸν ἐπέθηκέν μου ἐπὶ τοὺς ὀφθαλμούς, καὶ ἐνιψάμην, καὶ βλέπω. 9.16. ἔλεγον οὖν ἐκ τῶν Φαρισαίων τινές Οὐκ ἔστιν οὗτος παρὰ θεοῦ ὁ ἄνθρωπος, ὅτι τὸ σάββατον οὐ τηρεῖ. ἄλλοι [δὲ] ἔλεγον Πῶς δύναται ἄνθρωπος ἁμαρτωλὸς τοιαῦτα σημεῖα ποιεῖν; καὶ σχίσμα ἦν ἐν αὐτοῖς. 9.22. ταῦτα εἶπαν οἱ γονεῖς αὐτοῦ ὅτι ἐφοβοῦντο τοὺς Ἰουδαίους, ἤδη γὰρ συνετέθειντο οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι ἵνα ἐάν τις αὐτὸν ὁμολογήσῃ Χριστόν, ἀποσυνάγωγος γένηται. 10.34. ἀπεκρίθη αὐτοῖς [ὁ] Ἰησοῦς Οὐκ ἔστιν γεγραμμένον ἐν τῷ νόμῳ ὑμῶν ὅτι Ἐγὼ εἶπα Θεοί ἐστε; 12.42. Ὅμως μέντοι καὶ ἐκ τῶν ἀρχόντων πολλοὶ ἐπίστευσαν εἰς αὐτόν, ἀλλὰ διὰ τοὺς Φαρισαίους οὐχ ὡμολόγουν ἵνα μὴ ἀποσυνάγωγοι γένωνται, 15.25. ἀλλʼ ἵνα πληρωθῇ ὁ λόγος ὁ ἐν τῷ νόμῳ αὐτῶν γεγραμμένος ὅτι Ἐμίσησάν με δωρεάν. 16.2. ἀποσυναγώγους ποιήσουσιν ὑμᾶς· ἀλλʼ ἔρχεται ὥρα ἵνα πᾶς ὁ ἀποκτείνας [ὑμᾶς] δόξῃ λατρείαν προσφέρειν τῷ θεῷ. 18.31. εἶπεν οὖν αὐτοῖς Πειλᾶτος Λάβετε αὐτὸν ὑμεῖς, καὶ κατὰ τὸν νόμον ὑμῶν κρίνατε αὐτόν. εἶπον αὐτῷ οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι Ἡμῖν οὐκ ἔξεστιν ἀποκτεῖναι οὐδένα· 18.38. Καὶ τοῦτο εἰπὼν πάλιν ἐξῆλθεν πρὸς τοὺς Ἰουδαίους, καὶ λέγει αὐτοῖς Ἐγὼ οὐδεμίαν εὑρίσκω ἐν αὐτῷ αἰτίαν· 19.7. ἀπεκρίθησαν αὐτῷ οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι Ἡμεῖς νόμον ἔχομεν, καὶ κατὰ τὸν νόμον ὀφείλει ἀποθανεῖν, ὅτι υἱὸν θεοῦ ἑαυτὸν ἐποίησεν. 19.12. ἐκ τούτου ὁ Πειλᾶτος ἐζήτει ἀπολῦσαι αὐτόν· οἱ δὲ Ἰουδαῖοι ἐκραύγασαν λέγοντες Ἐὰν τοῦτον ἀπολύσῃς, οὐκ εἶ φίλος τοῦ Καίσαρος· πᾶς ὁ βασιλέα ἑαυτὸν ποιῶν ἀντιλέγει τῷ Καίσαρι. 19.14. ἦν δὲ παρασκευὴ τοῦ πάσχα, ὥρα ἦν ὡς ἕκτη. καὶ λέγει τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις Ἴδε ὁ βασιλεὺς ὑμῶν. | 5.8. Jesus said to him, "Arise, take up your mat, and walk." 5.9. Immediately, the man was made well, and took up his mat and walked. Now it was the Sabbath on that day. 5.10. So the Jews said to him who was cured, "It is the Sabbath. It is not lawful for you to carry the mat." 5.11. He answered them, "He who made me well, the same said to me, 'Take up your mat, and walk.'" 5.12. Then they asked him, "Who is the man who said to you, 'Take up your mat, and walk'?" 5.13. But he who was healed didn't know who it was, for Jesus had withdrawn, a crowd being in the place. 5.14. Afterward Jesus found him in the temple, and said to him, "Behold, you are made well. Sin no more, so that nothing worse happens to you." 5.15. The man went away, and told the Jews that it was Jesus who had made him well. 5.16. For this cause the Jews persecuted Jesus, and sought to kill him, because he did these things on the Sabbath. 5.17. But Jesus answered them, "My Father is still working, so I am working, too." 5.18. For this cause therefore the Jews sought all the more to kill him, because he not only broke the Sabbath, but also called God his own Father, making himself equal with God. 8.17. It's also written in your law that the testimony of two people is valid. 8.31. Jesus therefore said to those Jews who had believed him, "If you remain in my word, then you are truly my disciples. 8.44. You are of your Father, the devil, and you want to do the desires of your father. He was a murderer from the beginning, and doesn't stand in the truth, because there is no truth in him. When he speaks a lie, he speaks on his own; for he is a liar, and the father of it. 9.14. It was a Sabbath when Jesus made the mud and opened his eyes. 9.15. Again therefore the Pharisees also asked him how he received his sight. He said to them, "He put mud on my eyes, I washed, and I see." 9.16. Some therefore of the Pharisees said, "This man is not from God, because he doesn't keep the Sabbath." Others said, "How can a man who is a sinner do such signs?" There was division among them. 9.22. His parents said these things because they feared the Jews; for the Jews had already agreed that if any man would confess him as Christ, he would be put out of the synagogue. 10.34. Jesus answered them, "Isn't it written in your law, 'I said, you are gods?' 12.42. Nevertheless even of the rulers many believed in him, but because of the Pharisees they didn't confess it, so that they wouldn't be put out of the synagogue, 15.25. But this happened so that the word may be fulfilled which was written in their law, 'They hated me without a cause.' 16.2. They will put you out of the synagogues. Yes, the time comes that whoever kills you will think that he offers service to God. 18.31. Pilate therefore said to them, "Take him yourselves, and judge him according to your law."Therefore the Jews said to him, "It is not lawful for us to put anyone to death," 18.38. Pilate said to him, "What is truth?"When he had said this, he went out again to the Jews, and said to them, "I find no basis for a charge against him. 19.7. The Jews answered him, "We have a law, and by our law he ought to die, because he made himself the Son of God." 19.12. At this, Pilate was seeking to release him, but the Jews cried out, saying, "If you release this man, you aren't Caesar's friend! Everyone who makes himself a king speaks against Caesar!" 19.14. Now it was the Preparation Day of the Passover, at about the sixth hour. He said to the Jews, "Behold, your King!" |
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23. New Testament, Apocalypse, 2.9, 3.9 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •hebrew (ethnonym) Found in books: Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 179| 2.9. Οἶδά σου τὴν θλίψιν καὶ τὴν πτωχείαν, ἀλλὰ πλούσιος εἶ, καὶ τὴν βλασφημίαν ἐκ τῶν λεγόντων Ἰουδαίους εἶναι ἑαυτούς, καὶ οὐκ εἰσίν, ἀλλὰ συναγωγὴ τοῦ Σατανᾶ. 3.9. ἰδοὺ διδῶ ἐκ τῆς συναγωγῆς τοῦ Σατανᾶ, τῶν λεγόντων ἑαυτοὺς Ἰουδαίους εἶναι, καὶ οὐκ εἰσὶν ἀλλὰ ψεύδονται, — ἰδοὺ ποιήσω αὐτοὺς ἵναἥξουσιν καὶ προσκυνήσουσινἐνώπιον τῶν ποδῶνσου,καὶ γνῶσιν | 2.9. "I know your works, oppression, and your poverty (but you are rich), and the blasphemy of those who say they are Jews, and they are not, but are a synagogue of Satan. 3.9. Behold, I give of the synagogue of Satan, of those who say they are Jews, and they are not, but lie. Behold, I will make them to come and worship before your feet, and to know that I have loved you. |
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| 24. Mishnah, Eduyot, 9.3 (1st cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •hebrew (ethnonym) Found in books: Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 166 |
25. Mishnah, Kiddushin, 1.2, 1.6 (1st cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •hebrew (ethnonym) Found in books: Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 150| 1.2. "עֶבֶד עִבְרִי נִקְנֶה בְכֶסֶף וּבִשְׁטָר, וְקוֹנֶה אֶת עַצְמוֹ בַּשָּׁנִים וּבַיּוֹבֵל וּבְגִרְעוֹן כֶּסֶף. יְתֵרָה עָלָיו אָמָה הָעִבְרִיָּה, שֶׁקּוֹנָה אֶת עַצְמָהּ בְּסִימָנִין. הַנִּרְצָע נִקְנֶה בִרְצִיעָה, וְקוֹנֶה אֶת עַצְמוֹ בַיּוֹבֵל וּבְמִיתַת הָאָדוֹן: \n", 1.6. "כָּל הַנַּעֲשֶׂה דָמִים בְּאַחֵר, כֵּיוָן שֶׁזָּכָה זֶה, נִתְחַיֵּב זֶה בַחֲלִיפָיו. כֵּיצַד. הֶחֱלִיף שׁוֹר בְּפָרָה אוֹ חֲמוֹר בְּשׁוֹר, כֵּיוָן שֶׁזָּכָה זֶה, נִתְחַיֵּב זֶה בַחֲלִיפָיו. רְשׁוּת הַגָּבוֹהַּ, בְּכֶסֶף, וּרְשׁוּת הַהֶדְיוֹט, בַּחֲזָקָה. אֲמִירָתוֹ לַגָּבוֹהַּ, כִּמְסִירָתוֹ לַהֶדְיוֹט: \n", | 1.2. "A Hebrew slave is acquired by money and by document; And acquires himself by years, by Jubilee, and by deduction from the purchase price. A Hebrew maidservant is greater in that she acquires herself by ‘signs [of physical maturity]’. He whose ear is bored is acquired by boring, and acquires himself by Jubilee or his master's death.", 1.6. "Whatever can be used as payment for another object, as soon as this one takes possession [of the object], the other one assumes liability for what is given in exchange. How so? If one exchanges an ox for a cow, or a donkey for an ox, as soon as this one takes possession, the other one assumes liability for what is given in exchange. The sanctuary’s title to property [is acquired] by money; the title of an ordinary person to property by hazakah. Dedication to the sanctuary is equal to delivery to an ordinary person.", |
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26. Mishnah, Megillah, 4.9 (1st cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •hebrew (ethnonym) Found in books: Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 156| 4.9. "הָאוֹמֵר יְבָרְכוּךָ טוֹבִים, הֲרֵי זוֹ דֶּרֶךְ הַמִּינוּת. עַל קַן צִפּוֹר יַגִּיעוּ רַחֲמֶיךָ, וְעַל טוֹב יִזָּכֵר שְׁמֶךָ, מוֹדִים מוֹדִים, מְשַׁתְּקִין אוֹתוֹ. הַמְכַנֶּה בָעֲרָיוֹת, מְשַׁתְּקִין אוֹתוֹ. הָאוֹמֵר, וּמִזַּרְעֲךָ לֹא תִתֵּן לְהַעֲבִיר לַמֹּלֶךְ (ויקרא יח), וּמִזַרְעָךְ לֹא תִתֵּן לְאַעְבָּרָא בְּאַרְמָיוּתָא, מְשַׁתְּקִין אוֹתוֹ בִנְזִיפָה:", | 4.9. "If one says “May the good bless you,” this is the way of heresy. [If one says], “May Your mercy reach the nest of a bird,” “May Your name be mentioned for the good,” “We give thanks, we give thanks,” they silence him. One who uses euphemisms in the portion dealing with forbidden marriages, he is silenced. If he says, [instead of] “And you shall not give any of your seed to be passed to Moloch,” (Leviticus 18:21) “You shall not give [your seed] to pass to a Gentile woman,” he silenced with a rebuke.", |
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27. New Testament, Acts, 2.14, 6.1 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •hebrew (ethnonym) Found in books: Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 150, 212| 2.14. Σταθεὶς δὲ ὁ Πέτρος σὺν τοῖς ἕνδεκα ἐπῆρεν τὴν φωνὴν αὐτοῦ καὶ ἀπεφθέγξατο αὐτοῖς Ἄνδρες Ἰουδαῖοι καὶ οἱ κατοικοῦντες Ἰερουσαλὴμ πάντες, τοῦτο ὑμῖν γνωστὸν ἔστω καὶ ἐνωτίσασθε τὰ ῥήματά μου. 6.1. ΕΝ ΔΕ ΤΑΙΣ ΗΜΕΡΑΙΣ ταύταις πληθυνόντων τῶν μαθητῶν ἐγένετο γογγυσμὸς τῶν Ἑλληνιστῶν πρὸς τοὺς Ἐβραίους ὅτι παρεθεωροῦντο ἐν τῇ διακονίᾳ τῇ καθημερινῇ αἱ χῆραι αὐτῶν. | 2.14. But Peter, standing up with the eleven, lifted up his voice, and spoke out to them, "You men of Judea, and all you who dwell at Jerusalem, let this be known to you, and listen to my words. 6.1. Now in those days, when the number of the disciples was multiplying, there arose a grumbling of the Grecian Jews against the Hebrews because their widows were neglected in the daily service. |
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28. New Testament, 2 Corinthians, 6.15 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •hebrew (ethnonym) Found in books: Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 179| 6.15. τίς δὲ συμφώνησις Χριστοῦ πρὸς Βελίαρ, ἢ τίς μερὶς πιστῷ μετὰ ἀπίστου; | |
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| 29. Anon., Sifre Deuteronomy, 305 (2nd cent. CE - 4th cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •hebrew (ethnonym) Found in books: Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 150 |
30. Babylonian Talmud, Ketuvot, None (3rd cent. CE - 6th cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 156| 11a. אף אנו נאמר איילונית דוכרנית דלא ילדה:, big strongמתני׳ /strong /big הגיורת והשבויה והשפחה שנפדו ושנתגיירו ושנשתחררו פחותות מבנות שלש שנים ויום אחד כתובתן מאתים ויש להן טענת בתולין:, big strongגמ׳ /strong /big אמר רב הונא גר קטן מטבילין אותו על דעת בית דין,מאי קמ"ל דזכות הוא לו וזכין לאדם שלא בפניו תנינא זכין לאדם שלא בפניו ואין חבין לאדם שלא בפניו,מהו דתימא עובד כוכבים בהפקירא ניחא ליה דהא קיימא לן דעבד ודאי בהפקירא ניחא ליה,קמ"ל דהני מילי גדול דטעם טעם דאיסורא אבל קטן זכות הוא לו,לימא מסייע ליה הגיורת והשבויה והשפחה שנפדו ושנתגיירו ושנשתחררו פחותות מבנות שלש שנים ויום אחד מאי לאו דאטבלינהו על דעת בית דין,לא הכא במאי עסקינן בגר שנתגיירו בניו ובנותיו עמו דניחא להו במאי דעביד אבוהון,אמר רב יוסף הגדילו יכולין למחות איתיביה אביי הגיורת והשבויה והשפחה שנפדו ושנתגיירו ושנשתחררו פחותות מבנות שלש שנים ויום אחד כתובתן מאתים ואי ס"ד הגדילו יכולין למחות יהבינן לה כתובה דאזלה ואכלה בגיותה,לכי גדלה לכי גדלה נמי ממחייא ונפקא כיון שהגדילה שעה אחת ולא מיחתה שוב אינה יכולה למחות,מתיב רבא אלו נערות שיש להן קנס הבא על הממזרת ועל הנתינה ועל הכותית ועל הגיורת ועל השבויה ועל השפחה שנפדו ושנתגיירו ושנשתחררו פחותות מבנות שלש שנים ויום אחד יש להן קנס ואי אמרת הגדילו יכולין למחות יהבינן לה קנס דאזלה ואכלה בגיותה,לכי גדלה לכי גדלה נמי ממחייא ונפקא כיון שהגדילה שעה אחת ולא מיחתה שוב אינה יכולה למחות,אביי לא אמר כרבא התם קנסא היינו טעמא שלא יהא חוטא נשכר,רבא לא אמר כאביי כתובה היינו טעמא שלא תהא קלה בעיניו להוציאה:, big strongמתני׳ /strong /big הגדול שבא על הקטנה וקטן שבא על הגדולה ומוכת עץ כתובתן מאתים דברי רבי מאיר וחכ"א מוכת עץ כתובתה מנה,בתולה אלמנה גרושה וחלוצה מן הנישואין כתובתן מנה | 11a. b We too will say: i Ailonit /i , /b a sexually underdeveloped woman, is a term meaning: Like a b ram [ i dukhranit /i ], because /b like a male sheep [ i ayyil /i ] b she does not bear children. /b , strong MISHNA: /strong With regard to b a female convert, or a captive woman, or a maidservant, who were ransomed /b with regard to the captive, or b who converted /b with regard to the convert, b or who were freed /b with regard to the maidservant, when they were b less than three years and one day old, their marriage contract is two hundred /b dinars, as their presumptive status is that of a virgin. Even if they were subject to intercourse when they were younger than that age, the hymen remains intact. b And they are /b subject to b a claim /b concerning their b virginity. /b , strong GEMARA: /strong b Rav Huna said: /b With regard to b a convert /b who is b a minor, one immerses him /b in a ritual bath b with the consent of the court. /b As a minor lacks the capacity to make halakhic decisions, the court is authorized to make those decisions in his stead., b What is /b Rav Huna b coming to teach us? /b Is he teaching b that it is a privilege for /b the minor to convert, b and one may act in a person’s interests /b even b in his absence? We /b already b learned /b that explicitly in a mishna ( i Eiruvin /i 81b): One b may act in a person’s interests in his absence, but one may not act against a person’s interests in his absence. /b ,Rav Huna’s statement was necessary b lest you say: /b With regard to b a gentile, licentiousness is preferable for him, /b so conversion is contrary to his interests, just b as we maintain that /b with regard to b a slave, licentiousness is certainly preferable. /b Just as a slave has no interest in assuming the restrictions that come with freedom, in that a freed Canaanite slave is a convert to Judaism, a gentile would have the same attitude toward conversion.,Therefore, Rav Huna b teaches us: That applies /b only with regard to b an adult, who has experienced a taste of prohibition. /b Therefore, presumably he prefers to remain a slave and indulge in licentiousness. b However, /b with regard to a b minor, /b who did not yet engage in those activities, b it is a privilege for him /b to convert.,The Gemara suggests: b Let us say /b that the mishna b supports /b Rav Huna’s statement: With regard to b a female convert, or a captive woman, or a maidservant, who were ransomed /b with regard to the captive, or b who converted /b with regard to the convert, b or who were freed /b with regard to the maidservant, when they were b less than three years and one day old; what, is it not /b referring to a case where b they immersed /b the minor converts and the maidservants b with the consent of the court? /b Apparently, a conversion of that sort is valid.,The Gemara rejects that proof: b No, with what are we dealing here? /b It is b with a convert whose /b minor b sons and daughters converted with him, as they are content with whatever their father does /b in their regard. However, that does not apply to a child who is converting on his own., b Rav Yosef said: /b In any case where minors convert, when b they reach majority they can protest /b and annul their conversion. b Abaye raised an objection to his /b opinion from the mishna: With regard to b a female convert, or a captive woman, or a maidservant who were ransomed, /b or b who converted, or who were freed /b when they were b less than three years and one day old, their marriage contract is two hundred /b dinars. b And if it enters your mind /b to say that when b they reach majority they can protest /b and annul their conversion, b do we give her /b the payment of the b marriage contract that she /b will b go and consume in her gentile /b state?,The Gemara answers: She receives payment of her marriage contract b once she has reached majority /b and does not protest, but not while still a minor. The Gemara asks: b When she reaches majority too, /b is there not the same concern that b she will protest and abandon /b Judaism? The Gemara answers: b Once she reached majority /b for even b one moment and did not protest, she may no longer protest. /b This mishna poses no difficulty to the opinion of Rav Yosef., b Rava raised an objection /b from a mishna (29a): b These /b are the cases of b young women for whom there is a fine /b paid to their fathers by one who rapes them: b One who engages in intercourse with a i mamzeret /i ; or with a Gibeonite woman [ i netina /i ], /b who are given [ i netunim /i ] to the service of the people and the altar (see Joshua 9:27); b or with a Samaritan woman [ i kutit /i ]. /b In addition, the same applies to one who engages in intercourse b with a female convert, or with a captive woman, or with a maidservant, /b provided b that /b the captives b were ransomed or that /b the converts b converted, or that /b the maidservants b were freed /b when they were b less than three years and one day old, /b as only in that case do they maintain the presumptive status of a virgin. In all of these cases, b there is a fine /b paid b to their /b fathers if they are raped. b And if you say /b that b when they reach majority they can protest /b and annul their conversion, b do we give her /b payment of the b fine that she /b will b go and consume in her gentile /b state?,The Gemara answers: Her father receives payment of the fine b once she has reached majority /b and does not protest, but not while she is still a minor. The Gemara asks: b When she reaches majority too, /b is there not the same concern that b she will protest and abandon /b Judaism? The Gemara answers: b Once she reached majority /b for even b one moment and did not protest, she may no longer protest. /b , b Abaye did not state /b his objection from the same source b as /b did b Rava, /b because b there, /b in the mishna cited by Rava, it is referring to b a fine, /b and in that case b this is the reason: So that the sinner will not profit. /b The Sages did not absolve the rapist from payment of the fine merely due to the concern that the woman he raped may ultimately negate the conversion., b Rava did not state /b his objection from the same source b as /b did b Abaye, as /b with regard to b a marriage contract, this is the reason /b that the Sages instituted it: b So that /b his wife b will not be inconsequential in his eyes, /b enabling him b to /b easily b divorce her. /b As long as this woman does not negate her conversion, she is a Jewish woman and the Sages saw to her interests., strong MISHNA: /strong With regard to b an adult man who engaged in intercourse with a minor girl /b less than three years old; b or a minor boy /b less than nine years old b who engaged in intercourse with an adult woman; or a /b woman who had her hymen b ruptured by wood /b or any other foreign object, for all these women b their marriage contract is two hundred /b dinars, as their legal status is that of a virgin. This is b the statement of Rabbi Meir. And the Rabbis say: The marriage contract /b of a woman whose hymen was b ruptured by wood is one hundred dinars, /b as physically, since her hymen is not intact, she is no longer a virgin.,With regard to b a virgin /b who is either a b widow, /b a b divorcée, or a i ḥalutza /i /b who achieved that status b from /b a state of b marriage, /b for all these women b their marriage contract is one hundred dinars, /b |
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| 31. Anon., Avot Derabbi Nathan A, 17 (6th cent. CE - 8th cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •hebrew (ethnonym) Found in books: Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 150 |
| 32. Anon., Pesikta Rabbati, None Tagged with subjects: •hebrew (ethnonym) Found in books: Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 150 |
33. Septuagint, 4 Maccabees, 5.2, 5.4, 8.2, 9.6, 9.18 Tagged with subjects: •hebrew (ethnonym) Found in books: Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 149 | 5.2. ordered the guards to seize each and every Hebrew and to compel them to eat pork and food sacrificed to idols. 5.4. And when many persons had been rounded up, one man, Eleazar by name, leader of the flock, was brought before the king. He was a man of priestly family, learned in the law, advanced in age, and known to many in the tyrant's court because of his philosophy. 8.2. For when the tyrant was conspicuously defeated in his first attempt, being unable to compel an aged man to eat defiling foods, then in violent rage he commanded that others of the Hebrew captives be brought, and that any who ate defiling food should be freed after eating, but if any were to refuse, these should be tortured even more cruelly. 9.6. And if the aged men of the Hebrews because of their religion lived piously while enduring torture, it would be even more fitting that we young men should die despising your coercive tortures, which our aged instructor also overcame. 9.18. Through all these tortures I will convince you that sons of the Hebrews alone are invincible where virtue is concerned." |
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37. Anon., Esther Rabbah, 7.11 Tagged with subjects: •hebrew (ethnonym) Found in books: Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 156| 7.11. בַּחֹדֶשׁ הָרִאשׁוֹן הוּא חֹדֶשׁ נִיסָן וגו' (אסתר ג, ז), תָּנֵי כְּשֶׁאָמַר הָמָן הָרָשָׁע לְאַבֵּד אֶת יִשְׂרָאֵל, אָמַר הֵיאַךְ אֲנִי שׁוֹלֵט בָּהֶן, הֲרֵינִי מַפִּיל גּוֹרָלוֹת. וְרוּחַ הַקֹּדֶשׁ צוֹוַחַת (יואל ד, ג): וְאֶל עַמִּי יַדּוּ גוֹרָל. אָמַר לוֹ הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא רָשָׁע בֶּן רָשָׁע, גּוֹרָלְךָ עוֹלֶה לְהִצָּלֵב, הִפִּיל פּוּר הוּא הַגּוֹרָל, עָלָיו נָפַל הַגּוֹרָל, לָמָּה (תהלים קכה, ג): כִּי לֹא יָנוּחַ שֵׁבֶט הָרֶשַׁע עַל גּוֹרַל הַצַּדִּיקִים. בַּתְּחִלָּה הִפִּיל פּוּר בַּיָּמִים, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: מִיּוֹם לְיוֹם, הִפִּיל פּוּר בְּיוֹם אֶחָד בְּשַׁבָּת, עָמַד שָׂרוֹ לִפְנֵי הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא וְאָמַר רִבּוֹנוֹ שֶׁל עוֹלָם, בִּי נִבְרְאוּ שָׁמַיִם וָאָרֶץ, וְאָמַרְתָּ (ירמיה לג, כה): אִם לֹא בְרִיתִי יוֹמָם וָלָיְלָה חֻקּוֹת שָׁמַיִם וָאָרֶץ לֹא שָׂמְתִּי, יֵשׁ בְּרִית בִּבְשָׂרָם, דִּכְתִיב (בראשית יז, ט): וְאַתָּה אֶת בְּרִיתִי תִשְׁמֹר, וּכְתִיב (בראשית יז, יג): וְהָיְתָה בְרִיתִי בִּבְשַׂרְכֶם, וְיֵשׁ בְּרִית בְּפִיהֶם, זוֹ תּוֹרָה, דִּכְתִיב (יהושע א, ח): לֹא יָמוּשׁ סֵפֶר הַתּוֹרָה הַזֶּה מִפִּיךָ, וְאָמַרְתָּ (ירמיה לא, לו): אִם יִמַּדּוּ שָׁמַיִם מִלְּמַעְלָה וְיֵחָקְרוּ מוֹסְדֵי אֶרֶץ לְמָטָּה וגו', וּכְתִיב (ירמיה לא, לה): גַּם זֶרַע יִשְׂרָאֵל יִשְׁבְּתוּ מִהְיוֹת גּוֹי לְפָנַי כָּל הַיָּמִים, וְרָשָׁע זֶה מְבַקֵּשׁ לְאַבְּדָן, עֲקֹר שָׁמַיִם וָאָרֶץ תְּחִלָּה וְאַחַר כָּךְ אַתָּה מְכַלֶּה אוֹתָן. הִפִּיל פּוּר בְּיוֹם שֵׁנִי, וְעָמַד שָׂרוֹ לִפְנֵי הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא וְאָמַר רִבּוֹנוֹ שֶׁל עוֹלָם בְּיוֹם שֵׁנִי הִבְדַּלְתָּ בֵּין מַיִם הָעֶלְיוֹנִים לַמַּיִם הַתַּחְתּוֹנִים, וְכֵן יִשְׂרָאֵל מֻבְדָּלִים הֵם מִן הָאֻמּוֹת, הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב (ויקרא כ, כו): וָאַבְדִּל אֶתְכֶם מִן הָעַמִּים לִהְיוֹת לִי, וְרָשָׁע זֶה רוֹצֶה לְאַבְּדָן, הֲפֹךְ עֶלְיוֹנִים וְתַחְתּוֹנִים וְאַחַר כַּלֵּה אוֹתָם. יוֹם שְׁלִישִׁי הִפִּיל פּוּר, וְעָמַד שָׂרוֹ לִפְנֵי הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא וְאָמַר רִבּוֹנוֹ שֶׁל עוֹלָם יוֹם שְׁלִישִׁי בּוֹ נִבְרְאוּ זְרָעִים, וְיִשְׂרָאֵל מַפְרִישִׁין מֵהֶם תְּרוּמוֹת וּמַעַשְׂרוֹת, וּבוֹ נִבְרְאוּ אִילָנוֹת, וְיִשְׂרָאֵל מְקַלְּסִין לְפָנֶיךָ בָּהֵן, הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב (ויקרא כג, מ): וּלְקַחְתֶּם לָכֶם בַּיּוֹם הָרִאשׁוֹן פְּרִי עֵץ הָדָר וגו', וּבוֹ נִקְווּ הַמַּיִם לַיָּם, וּלְיִשְׂרָאֵל נִגְזַר שְׁנֵים עָשָׂר גְּזָרִים בַּיָּם, וְעַכְשָׁו אִם יִשְׂרָאֵל בְּטֵלִים אָנוּ הֵיאַךְ קַיָּמִין. יוֹם רְבִיעִי הִפִּיל פּוּר, וְעָמַד שָׂרוֹ לִפְנֵי הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא וְאָמַר לְפָנָיו רִבּוֹנוֹ שֶׁל עוֹלָם יוֹם רְבִיעִי בּוֹ נִבְרְאוּ הַמְאוֹרוֹת לְהִשְׁתַּמֵּשׁ לְאוֹרָן שֶׁל יִשְׂרָאֵל, הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב (ישעיה ס, ג): וְהָלְכוּ גוֹיִם לְאוֹרֵךְ וּמְלָכִים לְנֹגַהּ זַרְחֵךְ, וּבוֹ נִבְרְאוּ הַכּוֹכָבִים וּבָנֶיךָ נִמְשְׁלוּ לְכוֹכָבִים, אִם תְּאַבְּדֵם הֵיאַךְ אָנוּ קַיָּמִין. הִפִּיל פּוּר יוֹם חֲמִישִׁי, עָמַד שָׂרוֹ לִפְנֵי הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא וְאָמַר לְפָנָיו רִבּוֹנוֹ שֶׁל עוֹלָם יוֹם חֲמִישִׁי בּוֹ נִבְרְאוּ עוֹפוֹת [ובהמות], וּמֵהֶם צִוִּיתָ לְהַקְרִיב קָרְבָּנוֹת, וּבָהֶם אַתָּה מְכַפֵּר וּמִתְרַצֶּה לַבְּרִיּוֹת, וְאִם הֵם בְּטֵלִים מִי מַקְרִיב קָרְבָּן. הִפִּיל פּוּר בְּיוֹם שִׁשִּׁי, עָמַד שָׂרוֹ לִפְנֵי הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא וְאָמַר לְפָנָיו רִבּוֹנוֹ שֶׁל עוֹלָם יוֹם שִׁשִּׁי בּוֹ נִבְרָא אָדָם הָרִאשׁוֹן וְקָרָאתָ לְבָנֶיךָ בִּשְׁמוֹ, הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב (יחזקאל לד, לא): וְאַתֵּן צֹאנִי צֹאן מַרְעִיתִי אָדָם אַתֶּם, וְאִם אַתָּה מְבַקֵּשׁ לְעָקְרָן עֲקֹר כָּל הָאָדָם וְאַחַר כָּךְ יִשְׁלֹט בָּהֶם. בְּיוֹם שַׁבָּת הִפִּיל פּוּר, עָמַד שָׂרוֹ לִפְנֵי הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא וְאָמַר לְפָנָיו רִבּוֹנוֹ שֶׁל עוֹלָם יוֹם שַׁבָּת בּוֹ נִגְמְרוּ כָּל מַעֲשֶׂיךָ וְנִשְׁתַּכְלְלוּ, הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב (בראשית ב, ב): וַיְכַל אֱלֹהִים בַּיּוֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִי, וּכְתִיב (שמות לא, יז): בֵּינִי וּבֵין בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל אוֹת הִיא לְעֹלָם, וְאִם אַתָּה מְבַקֵּשׁ לַעֲקֹר אוֹתָם, עֲקֹר אֶת הַשַּׁבָּת וּבַטֵּל אוֹתָהּ, וְאַחַר כָּךְ אַתָּה מְכַלֶּה אוֹתָם. כֵּיוָן שֶׁרָאָה אוֹתוֹ רָשָׁע שֶׁאֵין הַגּוֹרָל נוֹפֵל בּוֹ בַּיָּמִים, חָזַר לֶחֳדָשִׁים. הִתְחִיל בְּחֹדֶשׁ נִיסָן, וְעָלָה בּוֹ זְכוּת פֶּסַח. בְּאִיָּר, זְכוּת פֶּסַח קָטָן וּזְכוּת הַמָּן שֶׁנִּתַּן לָהֶם לְיִשְׂרָאֵל בַּחֲמִשָּׁה עָשָׂר בּוֹ. בְּסִיוָן, זְכוּת הַתּוֹרָה. בְּתַמּוּז, זְכוּת הָאָרֶץ, וְעוֹד לָמָּה לֹא עָלָה הַגּוֹרָל בְּתַמּוּז וְאָב, שֶׁאָמְרוּ לִפְנֵי הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא רִבּוֹנוֹ שֶׁל עוֹלָם דַּיֵּנוּ פֻּרְעָנוּת שֶׁאֵרְעוּ בָּנוּ לְבָנֶיךָ, בְּתַמּוּז חֲמִשָּׁה וּבְאָב חֲמִשָּׁה. עָלָה אֱלוּל, זְכוּת הַשְׁלָמַת הַחוֹמָה שֶׁל יְרוּשָׁלַיִם שֶׁבּוֹ נִשְׁלְמָה, הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב (נחמיה ו, טו): וַתִּשְׁלַם הַחוֹמָה בְּעֶשְׂרִים וַחֲמִשָּׁה לֶאֱלוּל, וְגַם זְכוּת מַעֲשַׂר בְּהֵמָה, כְּהַהִיא דִּתְנֵינַן תַּמָּן בְּאֶחָד בֶּאֱלוּל רֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה לְמַעֲשַׂר בְּהֵמָה. עָלָה בְּתִשְׁרֵי, זְכוּת שׁוֹפָר וְכִפּוּר וּרְגָלִים. עָלָה בְּמַרְחֶשְׁוָן, זְכוּת שָׂרָה אִמֵּנוּ שֶׁבּוֹ מֵתָה. כִּסְלֵו, זְכוּת חֲנֻכָּה. עָלָה טֵבֵת, זְכוּת עֶזְרָא, הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב (עזרא י, טז): וַיַּעֲשׂוּ כֵן בְּנֵי הַגּוֹלָה וַיִּבָּדְלוּ עֶזְרָא הַכֹּהֵן וגו' וַיְכַלּוּ בַכֹּל אֲנָשִׁים הַהשִׁיבוּ נָשִׁים נָכְרִיּוֹת וגו'. עָלָה שְׁבָט, זְכוּת אַנְשֵׁי כְּנֶסֶת הַגְּדוֹלָה, בְּעֶשְׂרִים וּשְׁלשָׁה בּוֹ נִתְקַבְּצוּ בּוֹ כָּל יִשְׂרָאֵל עַל פִּילֶגֶשׁ בַּגִּבְעָה, וְעַל צֶלֶם מִיכָה. עָלָה רֹאשׁ חֹדֶשׁ אֲדָר, וְלֹא מָצָא בּוֹ שׁוּם זְכוּת. הִתְחִיל הָרָשָׁע לִשְׂמֹחַ, חָזַר וּבָדַק בַּמַּזָּלוֹת, טָלֶה, זְכוּת פֶּסַח. הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב (שמות יב, ג): אִישׁ שֶׂה לְבֵית אָבֹת שֶׂה לַבָּיִת. שׁוֹר, נִמְצָא זְכוּת יוֹסֵף שֶׁנִּקְרָא שׁוֹר, הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב (דברים לג, יז): בְּכוֹר שׁוֹרוֹ הָדָר לוֹ, וּזְכוּת קָרְבָּן שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ויקרא כב, כז): שׁוֹר אוֹ כֶשֶׂב אוֹ עֵז כִּי יִוָּלֵד. תְּאוֹמִים נִמְצָא בוֹ זְכוּת פֶּרֶץ וְזֶרַח שֶׁנִּקְרְאוּ תְּאוֹמִים, הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב (בראשית לח, כז): וְהִנֵּה תְאוֹמִים בְּבִטְנָהּ. אַרְיֵה, זְכוּת דָּנִיֵּאל שֶׁהָיָה מִשֵּׁבֶט יְהוּדָה הַנִּקְרָא אַרְיֵה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (בראשית מט, ט): גּוּר אַרְיֵה יְהוּדָה. בְּתוּלָה, זְכוּת חֲנַנְיָה מִישָׁאֵל וַעֲזַרְיָה שֶׁהֵן דּוֹמִין כִּבְתוּלָה שֶׁלֹא יְדָעָהּ אִישׁ זוּלָתִי בַּעֲלָהּ, כָּךְ הֵם לֹא שִׁנּוּ אֱלֹהֵיהֶם וְדָתוֹתֵיהֶם וְהֶחֱזִיקוּ בְּיַהֲדוּתָן [ביהודתן]. מֹאזְנַיִם, זֶה אִיּוֹב, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (איוב ו, ב): לוּ שָׁקוֹל יִשָּׁקֵל כַּעְשִׂי. עַקְרָב, זֶה יְחֶזְקֵאל, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (יחזקאל ב, ו): וְאֶל עַקְרַבִּים אַתָּה יוֹשֵׁב. קֶשֶׁת, זֶה יוֹסֵף, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר בּוֹ (בראשית מט, כד): וַתֵּשֶׁב בְּאֵיתָן קַשְׁתּוֹ. גְּדִי, זֶה יַעֲקֹב, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (בראשית כז, טז): וְאֵת עֹרֹת גְּדָיֵי הָעִזִּים. דְּלִי, זֶה משֶׁה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר בּוֹ (שמות ב, יט): וְגַם דָּלֹה דָּלָה לָנוּ. בָּא לוֹ מַזָּל דָּגִים שֶׁהוּא מְשַׁמֵּשׁ בְּחֹדֶשׁ אֲדָר, וְלֹא נִמְצָא לוֹ זְכוּת, וְשָׂמַח מִיָּד וְאָמַר אֲדָר אֵין לוֹ זְכוּת, וּמַזָּלוֹ אֵין לוֹ זְכוּת, וְלֹא עוֹד אֶלָּא שֶׁבַּאֲדָר מֵת משֶׁה רַבָּן. וְהוּא לֹא יָדַע שֶׁבְּשִׁבְעָה בַּאֲדָר מֵת משֶׁה וּבְשִׁבְעָה בַּאֲדָר נוֹלַד משֶׁה, וְאָמַר כְּשֵׁם שֶׁהַדָּגִים בּוֹלְעִין כָּךְ אֲנִי בּוֹלֵעַ אוֹתָן. אָמַר לוֹ הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא, רָשָׁע, דָּגִים פְּעָמִים נִבְלָעִין וּפְעָמִים בּוֹלְעִין, וְעַכְשָׁיו אוֹתוֹ הָאִישׁ נִבְלַע מִן הַבּוֹלְעִין. אָמַר רַבִּי חָנָן הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב (אסתר ט, א): וְנַהֲפֹךְ הוּא אֲשֶׁר יִשְׁלְטוּ הַיְּהוּדִים הֵמָה בְּשׂנְאֵיהֶם, אָמַר רַבִּי תַּנְחוּמָא (מלכים ב יד, כז): וְלֹא דִּבֶּר ה' לִמְחוֹת אֶת [שם ישראל], אֶלָּא כָּךְ דִּבֵּר (שמות יז, יד): כִּי מָחֹה אֶמְחֶה אֶת זֵכֶר עֲמָלֵק. | |
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| 38. Anon., Martyrdom And Ascension of Isaiah, 1.9 Tagged with subjects: •hebrew (ethnonym) Found in books: Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 179 |
