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Tiresias: The Ancient Mediterranean Religions Source Database

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Please note: the results are produced through a computerized process which may frequently lead to errors, both in incorrect tagging and in other issues. Please use with caution.
Due to load times, full text fetching is currently attempted for validated results only.
Full texts for Hebrew Bible and rabbinic texts is kindly supplied by Sefaria; for Greek and Latin texts, by Perseus Scaife, for the Quran, by Tanzil.net

For a list of book indices included, see here.


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All subjects (including unvalidated):
subject book bibliographic info
guard/guardian Stuckenbruck (2007), 1 Enoch 91-108, 440, 441, 445
guardian Humphreys (2018), Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis, 55, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 192, 197, 200, 213, 214, 222, 229, 235, 236, 239, 241, 248, 258, 314, 434, 465, 902, 903, 930, 1058, 1229
guardian, angel Huttner (2013), Early Christianity in the Lycus Valley, 129, 130, 155
Poorthuis and Schwartz (2014), Saints and role models in Judaism and Christianity, 203
guardian, apollodoros son of pasion, and Humphreys (2018), Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis, 97, 221, 226, 227
guardian, as archangel Allison (2018), 4 Baruch, 267, 277, 320, 396, 414
guardian, deity van der EIjk (2005), Medicine and Philosophy in Classical Antiquity: Doctors and Philosophers on Nature, Soul, Health and Disease, 239
guardian, god, as Jonquière (2007), Prayer in Josephus Ancient Judaism and Early Christianity, 61, 69, 73, 144, 146, 149, 150, 152, 169, 263, 264
guardian, matrimony, approval of Monnickendam (2020), Jewish Law and Early Christian Identity: Betrothal, Marriage, and Infidelity in the Writings of Ephrem the Syrian, 37, 115, 132, 164
guardian, moses, steward and Geljon and Runia (2019), Philo of Alexandria: On Planting: Introduction, Translation and Commentary, 23, 49, 131
guardian, of alcibiades, pericles Brule (2003), Women of Ancient Greece, 119
guardian, of argus io Fletcher (2023), The Ass of the Gods: Apuleius' Golden Ass, the Onos Attributed to Lucian, and Graeco-Roman Metamorphosis Literature, 201, 202
guardian, of censor, as morality Mueller (2002), Roman Religion in Valerius Maximus, 143, 169, 170
guardian, of crossroads, hermes Miller and Clay (2019), Tracking Hermes, Pursuing Mercury, 300, 328
guardian, of poetic memory, muse, as Verhelst and Scheijnens (2022), Greek and Latin Poetry of Late Antiquity: Form, Tradition, and Context, 29
guardian, of property Schiffman (1983), Testimony and the Penal Code, 116, 120, 121, 122, 124
guardian, of zeus horkios oaths Sommerstein and Torrance (2014), Oaths and Swearing in Ancient Greece, 28, 99, 287, 291, 295
guardian, potency/power, dunamis, world soul as δύναμις‎ d'Hoine and Martijn (2017), All From One: A Guide to Proclus, 124, 127, 128, 129
guardian, spirits Luck (2006), Arcana mundi: magic and the occult in the Greek and Roman worlds: a collection of ancient texts, 240
guardian, temple, neokoros, municipal office Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 162, 540
guardian, temple, neokoros, rank of a city or koinon as a center of imperial cult Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 417, 420, 477, 478, 479, 518
guardian, widow/widower Humphreys (2018), Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis, 95, 96, 121, 208
guardian, zeus, family Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 495
guardian/allotted, daemon Joosse (2021), Olympiodorus of Alexandria: Exegete, Teacher, Platonic Philosopher, 67, 224
guardian/s, angel/s Tefera and Stuckenbruck (2021), Representations of Angelic Beings in Early Jewish and in Christian Traditions, 131, 132, 168
guardians Huebner (2013), The Family in Roman Egypt: A Comparative Approach to Intergenerational Solidarity , 23, 77, 98, 105, 112, 130, 137
guardians, and overseers, daemons Schibli (2002), Hierocles of Alexandria, 342, 347, 359
guardians, angels Stuckenbruck (2007), 1 Enoch 91-108, 439, 440, 441, 442
guardians, damage/desecration in this entry, lions as Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 164
guardians, demosthenes Humphreys (2018), Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis, 102, 120, 127, 248, 470, 1040
guardians, in the afterlife de Jáuregui (2010), Orphism and Christianity in Late Antiquity, 182, 215
guardians, of gates and tombs, lions Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 164
guardians, of humankind, demons, as Hoenig (2018), Plato's Timaeus and the Latin Tradition, 202, 206
guardians, of law Omeara (2005), Platonopolis: Platonic Political Philosophy in Late Antiquity 85, 100
guardians, of laws Schibli (2002), Hierocles of Alexandria, 223, 230
guardians, of the laws, laws Ebrey and Kraut (2022), The Cambridge Companion to Plato, 2nd ed, 543
guardians, see also gorgon, kerberos, underworld, confrontation with, sphinx Edmonds (2004), Myths of the Underworld Journey: Plato, Aristophanes, and the ‘Orphic’ Gold Tablets, 35, 47, 61, 112, 124
guardians, the Wilson (2010), Philo of Alexandria: On Virtues: Introduction, Translation, and Commentary, 94, 133, 311

List of validated texts:
6 validated results for "guardian"
1. Hebrew Bible, Psalms, 91.11 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Angels, Guardians • Archangel, Guardian, as • Guard/Guardian

 Found in books: Allison (2018), 4 Baruch, 277; Stuckenbruck (2007), 1 Enoch 91-108, 441

sup>
91.11 כִּי מַלְאָכָיו יְצַוֶּה־לָּךְ לִשְׁמָרְךָ בְּכָל־דְּרָכֶיךָ׃'' None
sup>
91.11 For He will give His angels charge over thee, To keep thee in all thy ways.'' None
2. Anon., 1 Enoch, 20.5, 40.8-40.9, 100.5 (3rd cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Angels, Guardians • Archangel, Guardian, as • Guard/Guardian • Michael, Israel’s guardian, as

 Found in books: Allison (2018), 4 Baruch, 277, 414; Levison (2023), The Greek Life of Adam and Eve. 263; Stuckenbruck (2007), 1 Enoch 91-108, 439, 440, 441, 442

sup>
20.5 And these are the names of the holy angels who watch. Uriel, one of the holy angels, who is,over the world and over Tartarus. Raphael, one of the holy angels, who is over the spirits of men.,Raguel, one of the holy angels who takes vengeance on the world of the luminaries. Michael, one,of the holy angels, to wit, he that is set over the best part of mankind and over chaos. Saraqael,,one of the holy angels, who is set over the spirits, who sin in the spirit. Gabriel, one of the holy,angels, who is over Paradise and the serpents and the Cherubim. Remiel, one of the holy angels, whom God set over those who rise.' "
40.8
of Spirits to accuse them who dwell on the earth. After that I asked the angel of peace who went with me, who showed me everything that is hidden: 'Who are these four presences which I have" "40.9 een and whose words I have heard and written down' And he said to me: 'This first is Michael, the merciful and long-suffering: and the second, who is set over all the diseases and all the wounds of the children of men, is Raphael: and the third, who is set over all the powers, is Gabriel: and the fourth, who is set over the repentance unto hope of those who inherit eternal life, is named Phanuel.'" 100.5 And over all the righteous and holy He will appoint guardians from amongst the holy angels To guard them as the apple of an eye, Until He makes an end of all wickedness and all sin, And though the righteous sleep a long sleep, they have nought to fear.'' None
3. Hebrew Bible, Daniel, 10.13, 12.1 (2nd cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Archangel, Guardian, as • Michael, Israel’s guardian, as • guardian angel,

 Found in books: Allison (2018), 4 Baruch, 414; Huttner (2013), Early Christianity in the Lycus Valley, 155; Levison (2023), The Greek Life of Adam and Eve. 263

sup>
10.13 וְשַׂר מַלְכוּת פָּרַס עֹמֵד לְנֶגְדִּי עֶשְׂרִים וְאֶחָד יוֹם וְהִנֵּה מִיכָאֵל אַחַד הַשָּׂרִים הָרִאשֹׁנִים בָּא לְעָזְרֵנִי וַאֲנִי נוֹתַרְתִּי שָׁם אֵצֶל מַלְכֵי פָרָס׃
12.1
וּבָעֵת הַהִיא יַעֲמֹד מִיכָאֵל הַשַּׂר הַגָּדוֹל הָעֹמֵד עַל־בְּנֵי עַמֶּךָ וְהָיְתָה עֵת צָרָה אֲשֶׁר לֹא־נִהְיְתָה מִהְיוֹת גּוֹי עַד הָעֵת הַהִיא וּבָעֵת הַהִיא יִמָּלֵט עַמְּךָ כָּל־הַנִּמְצָא כָּתוּב בַּסֵּפֶר׃12.1 יִתְבָּרֲרוּ וְיִתְלַבְּנוּ וְיִצָּרְפוּ רַבִּים וְהִרְשִׁיעוּ רְשָׁעִים וְלֹא יָבִינוּ כָּל־רְשָׁעִים וְהַמַּשְׂכִּלִים יָבִינוּ׃ ' None
sup>
10.13 But the prince of the kingdom of Persia withstood me one and twenty days; but, lo, Michael, one of the chief princes, came to help me; and I was left over there beside the kings of Persia.
12.1
And at that time shall Michael stand up, the great prince who standeth for the children of thy people; and there shall be a time of trouble, such as never was since there was a nation even to that same time; and at that time thy people shall be delivered, every one that shall be found written in the book.'' None
4. None, None, nan (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Archangel, Guardian, as • Michael, Israel’s guardian, as

 Found in books: Allison (2018), 4 Baruch, 414; Levison (2023), The Greek Life of Adam and Eve. 263

5. New Testament, Hebrews, 1.12, 1.14 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Angel/s, Guardian/s • Archangel, Guardian, as • guardian angel,

 Found in books: Allison (2018), 4 Baruch, 277; Huttner (2013), Early Christianity in the Lycus Valley, 129; Tefera and Stuckenbruck (2021), Representations of Angelic Beings in Early Jewish and in Christian Traditions, 132

sup>
1.12
1.14
οὐχὶ πάντες εἰσὶν λειτουργικὰ πνεύματα εἰς διακονίαν ἀποστελλόμενα διὰ τοὺς μέλλοντας κληρονομεῖν σωτηρίαν;'' None
sup>
1.12 As a mantle you will roll them up, And they will be changed; But you are the same. Your years will not fail."' "
1.14
Aren't they all ministering spirits, sent out to do service for the sake of those who will inherit salvation? "' None
6. None, None, nan (2nd cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • daemons, guardians and overseers • demons, as guardians of humankind

 Found in books: Hoenig (2018), Plato's Timaeus and the Latin Tradition, 202; Schibli (2002), Hierocles of Alexandria, 342




Please note: the results are produced through a computerized process which may frequently lead to errors, both in incorrect tagging and in other issues. Please use with caution.
Due to load times, full text fetching is currently attempted for validated results only.
Full texts for Hebrew Bible and rabbinic texts is kindly supplied by Sefaria; for Greek and Latin texts, by Perseus Scaife, for the Quran, by Tanzil.net

For a list of book indices included, see here.