1. Hebrew Bible, Psalms, 41.13 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •moral formation, frank criticism in Found in books: Allison (2020) 165| 41.13. "וַאֲנִי בְּתֻמִּי תָּמַכְתָּ בִּי וַתַּצִּיבֵנִי לְפָנֶיךָ לְעוֹלָם׃", | 41.13. "And as for me, Thou upholdest me because of mine integrity, and settest me before Thy face for ever.", |
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2. Hebrew Bible, Numbers, 22.31 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •moral formation, frank criticism in Found in books: Allison (2020) 169| 22.31. "וַיְגַל יְהוָה אֶת־עֵינֵי בִלְעָם וַיַּרְא אֶת־מַלְאַךְ יְהוָה נִצָּב בַּדֶּרֶךְ וְחַרְבּוֹ שְׁלֻפָה בְּיָדוֹ וַיִּקֹּד וַיִּשְׁתַּחוּ לְאַפָּיו׃", | 22.31. "Then the LORD opened the eyes of Balaam, and he saw the angel of the LORD standing in the way, with his sword drawn in his hand; and he bowed his head, and fell on his face.", |
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3. Hebrew Bible, Leviticus, 19.17 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •moral formation, frank criticism in Found in books: Allison (2020) 167| 19.17. "לֹא־תִשְׂנָא אֶת־אָחִיךָ בִּלְבָבֶךָ הוֹכֵחַ תּוֹכִיחַ אֶת־עֲמִיתֶךָ וְלֹא־תִשָּׂא עָלָיו חֵטְא׃", | 19.17. "Thou shalt not hate thy brother in thy heart; thou shalt surely rebuke thy neighbour, and not bear sin because of him.", |
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4. Hebrew Bible, Isaiah, 28.11-28.12 (8th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •moral formation, frank criticism in Found in books: Allison (2020) 167| 28.11. "כִּי בְּלַעֲגֵי שָׂפָה וּבְלָשׁוֹן אַחֶרֶת יְדַבֵּר אֶל־הָעָם הַזֶּה׃", 28.12. "אֲשֶׁר אָמַר אֲלֵיהֶם זֹאת הַמְּנוּחָה הָנִיחוּ לֶעָיֵף וְזֹאת הַמַּרְגֵּעָה וְלֹא אָבוּא שְׁמוֹעַ׃", | 28.11. "For with stammering lips and with a strange tongue Shall it be spoken to this people;", 28.12. "To whom it was said: ‘This is the rest, Give ye rest to the weary; And this is the refreshing’; Yet they would not hear.", |
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| 5. Plato, Gorgias, None (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Yona (2018) 74 |
6. Hebrew Bible, Nehemiah, 8.6 (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •moral formation, frank criticism in Found in books: Allison (2020) 165| 8.6. "וַיְבָרֶךְ עֶזְרָא אֶת־יְהוָה הָאֱלֹהִים הַגָּדוֹל וַיַּעֲנוּ כָל־הָעָם אָמֵן אָמֵן בְּמֹעַל יְדֵיהֶם וַיִּקְּדוּ וַיִּשְׁתַּחֲוֻּ לַיהוָה אַפַּיִם אָרְצָה׃", | 8.6. "And Ezra blessed the LORD, the great God. And all the people answered: ‘Amen, Amen’, with the lifting up of their hands; and they bowed their heads, and fell down before the LORD with their faces to the ground.", |
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7. Hebrew Bible, 1 Chronicles, 16.36 (5th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •moral formation, frank criticism in Found in books: Allison (2020) 165| 16.36. "בָּרוּךְ יְהוָה אֱלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל מִן־הָעוֹלָם וְעַד הָעֹלָם וַיֹּאמְרוּ כָל־הָעָם אָמֵן וְהַלֵּל לַיהוָה׃", | 16.36. "Blessed be the LORD, the God of Israel, From everlasting even to everlasting. And all the people said: ‘Amen, ‘and praised the LORD.", |
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| 8. Aristotle, Rhetoric, None (4th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Sorabji (2000) 233; Yona (2018) 74 |
9. Cicero, Tusculan Disputations, 3.12, 3.33, 3.76, 5.74, 5.88 (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •frank criticism •philodemus, epicurean, on frank criticism Found in books: Sorabji (2000) 196, 233| 3.12. Cadere, opinor, in sapientem aegritudinem tibi dixisti videri. Et vero ita existimo. Humanum id quidem, quod ita existumas. non enim silice nati sumus, sed est naturale in animis tenerum e ante silice add. V c non male naturabile X sed bi exp. V 1 ( cf. animabili codd. nat. deor. 2,91 ) natura Lb. quiddam quidam R 1 V 1 ( corr. 1 ) -ddā in r. G 2 atque molle, quod quod quā G 1 aegritudine quasi tempestate quatiatur, sed humanum... 22 quatiatur H nec absurde Crantor ille, qui in in om. X add. s V rec nostra Academia vel in primis fuit nobilis, minime inquit inquid G 1 adsentior is qui istam nescio quam indolentiam magno opere laudant, quae quae V 2 B qui X nec potest ulla ulle G 1 esse nec debet. ne aegrotus sim; sim s si inquit (inquid G 1 P cf. 2 ) fuerat X ( fuat V 2 si exp. et ss. V rec ) corr. Sey. cf. Ps. Plut. Cons. ad Ap. 102c, qui primum ou) ga\r sumfe/romai — e)/cw kai\ tou= dunatou= kai\ tou= sumfe/rontos ou)=san ut sua profert, paulo post addit : ' mh\ ga\r nosoi=men ', fhsi\n o( a)kadhmaiko\s Kra/ntwr, ' nosh/sasi de\ parei/h tis ai)/sqhsis ' ktl . inquit ut 303, 21 ergo, inquit al. si debet nec aegrotassem. Si X (a apertum post t in V) c exp. V 2? ne aegrotus inquit fuero, sin quid fuerit Vict. sensus adsit, adsit d in r. G 2 absit V c sive secetur quid sive avellatur a corpore. nam istuc nihil dolere dolere ex dolore K 1 R 1 ex dobere (b= lo) V 1 contigit G 1 non sine magna mercede contingit inmanitatis in animo, stuporis in corpore. non sine... 7 corpore Aug. civ. 14, 9 3.33. Levationem autem aegritudinis in duabus rebus ponit, avocatione a cogitanda molestia et revocatione revocationem GKV 1 ad contemplandas voluptates. parere pareri GR 1 ( corr. 1 ) V 1 ( corr. 2 ) enim censet animum rationi posse et, quo illa ducat, sequi. vetat igitur ratio intueri molestias, abstrahit ab acerbis cogitationibus, hebetem habetem V 1 aciem ad miserias contemplandas facit; facit add. V c ( ante aciem We. ft. rectius cf. docere 220,13 sed cf. off. 1, 12 extr. al. ) om. cett. a quibus cum cecinit cecidit X corr. 2 receptui, inpellit receptuimpellit VHK c (receptaimp. K 1 )G 2 (receptum pellit 1 ) receptū impellit R rursum et incitat ad conspiciendas totaque mente contrectandas contractandas K ( ex -tes 1 ) H varias voluptates, vetat... 335, 4 voluptates H quibus ille et praeteritarum memoria et spe consequentium sapientis vitam refertam putat. refert amputat G 1 R 1 V 1 Haec nostro more nos diximus, Epicurii epicurei R c K 2 dicunt suo; sed quae quae ex qui V 2 dicant, videamus, quo modo, neglegamus. 3.76. sunt qui unum officium consolantis cons olantis R 1 consulantis GK 1 V 1 putent putent docere Lb. Cleanthes fr. 576 malum illud omnino non esse, ut Cleanthi placet; sunt qui non magnum malum, ut Peripatetici; sunt qui abducant a malis ad bona, ut Epicurus; sunt qui satis satis om. G 1 putent ostendere nihil inopinati inopiti GRV 1 (n exp. c ) opiti K accidisse, ut Cyrenaici lac. stat. Po. ut Cyrenaici pro nihil mali (nihil a mali V 1 ) Dav. cogitari potest: ut Cyr. atque hi quoque, si verum quaeris, efficere student ut non multum adesse videatur aut nihil mall. Chr. cf. § 52–59. 61 extr. Chrys. fr. eth. 486 nihil mali. Chrysippus autem caput esse censet in consolando detrahere detra in r. V c illam opinionem maerentis, qua se maerentis se X (mer. KR) qd add. V 2 maerentis si vel maerentl si s ( sed sec. Chr. omnes qui maerent in illa opinione sunt; non recte p. 275, 19 confert Va. Op. 1, 70 ) qua Po. officio fungi putet iusto atque debito. sunt etiam qui haec omnia genera consolandi colligant abducunt... 21 putant... 356, 2 colligunt X 356, 2 colligant V 2 abducant et putent Ern. ( obloq. Küh. Sey. cf. tamen nat. deor. 2, 82 al. ). inconcinnitatem modorum def. Gaffiot cf. ad p. 226, 23 —alius enim alio modo movetur—, ut fere nos in Consolatione omnia omnia bis scripsit, prius erasit G omnia exp. et in mg. scr. fecimus. omne genus consolandi V c in consolationem unam coniecimus; erat enim in tumore animus, et omnis in eo temptabatur curatio. sed sumendum tempus est non minus in animorum morbis quam in corporum; ut Prometheus ille Aeschyli, cui cum dictum esset: Atqui/, Prometheu, te ho/c tenere exi/stimo, Mede/ri posse ra/tionem ratione ratione G 1 RV 1 ( alterum exp. G 2 V 1 ratione rationem K 1 (ratione del. K 2 ) orationem Stephanus ( ft. recte cf. lo/goi ) iracu/ndiae, v. 377 respondit: Siquide/m qui qui et ss. V c tempesti/vam medicinam a/dmovens Non a/dgravescens adgr. ss. V c vo/lnus inlida/t manu. manus X s exp. V 5.74. nec vero illa sibi remedia comparavit ad tolerandum tollerandum X (toll endum G 1 ) dolorem, firmitatem animi, turpitudinis verecundiam, exercitationem consuetudinemque patiendi, praecepta fortitudinis, praecepta fortitudinis del.Sey.sed Cic.l.2,34—41 exercitationem consuetudinemque,postea (cf. maxime 51. 53) praecepta fortitudinis animo proposita (p.313,15sqq.) valere ad tolerandum dolorem exponit (cf.p.285.6 295, 24sqq.fin.2,94.95; 4, 31). cf.etiam Plasberg, Festschrift f. Vahlen p.234 (obloq. Se.,Jb.d.ph.V.29 p.97) duritiam virilem, sed una se dicit recordatione adquiescere praeteritarum voluptatium, voluptatum Bai.cf.Neue 1, 410 ut si quis aestuans, cum vim caloris non non postea add. R 1 facile patiatur, patiatur putatur V 1 recordari velit sese sese s esse X (se V 3 ) aliquando in Arpinati nostro gelidis fluminibus circumfusum fuisse. non enim video, quo modo sedare possint 5.88. nam quae tibi Epicuri quae...Epicuri s quod...Epicurus X (epyc.G 8.13 ut saepe ) videtur, eadem erit Hieronymi et Carneadis causa et hercule omnium reliquorum. quis enim parum est contra mortem morem V 1 aut dolorem paratus? Ordiamur ordinamur X ( corr. V rec ) ab eo, si placet, quem mollem, quem voluptarium dicimus. quid? is tibi mortemne videtur aut aut s (Vind.)an X dolorem timere, qui eum diem, quo moritur, beatum appellat Epic.fr.122 maxumisque doloribus adfectus affectus KR eos ipsos inventorum suorum memoria et recordatione confutat? confutat? signum interrogandi vulgo non hic sed post timere ( v.19 ) ponunt. nec haec sic agit, ut ex tempore quasi effuttire effuttire GKR effutire V (K c in mg. ) Non. videatur. nec...videatur Non.103,21 de morte enim ita ita s ista X ( cf. 441, 19 ) Epic. sent. sel.2 sentit, ut dissoluto animante sensum extinctum putet, quod autem sensu careat, nihil ad nos id iudicet pertinere. item in in add. Se.de s om. X dolore certa habet quae sequatur, cuius cuius Bentl. (cf. fin. 1,40) quorum magnitudinem brevitate consolatur, longinquitatem levitate. levitate s lenitate (laen.KR)X | |
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| 10. Philodemus of Gadara, De Ira \ , 3.13, 3.17-3.18 (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •frankness, contrasted with harsh criticism Found in books: Yona (2018) 74 |
11. Cicero, On The Ends of Good And Evil, 1.18.60, 2.96 (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •frank criticism Found in books: Sorabji (2000) 233| 2.96. Audi, ne longe abeam, moriens quid dicat Epicurus, ut intellegas intellegas (intellig.) BEA 2 intellegat A 1 intelligat R intelligantur N intelligatur V facta eius cum dictis discrepare: 'Epicurus Hermarcho salutem. Cum ageremus', inquit, vitae beatum et eundem supremum diem, scribebamus haec. tanti autem autem om. A aderant aderant om. BE vesicae et torminum morbi, ut nihil ad eorum magnitudinem posset accedere. Miserum hominem! Si dolor summum malum est, dici aliter non potest. sed audiamus ipsum: 'Compensabatur', inquit, tamen cum his omnibus animi laetitia, quam capiebam memoria rationum inventorumque nostrorum. sed tu, ut dignum est tua erga me et philosophiam me et philosophiam Bai. me (ne R) et philosophia A 1 RN me philosophia BE me et philosophia et A 2 V voluntate ab adolescentulo suscepta, fac ut Metrodori tueare liberos. | 2.96. "But I must not digress too far. Let me repeat the dying words of Epicurus, to prove to you the discrepancy between his practice and his principles: 'Epicurus to Hermarchus, greeting. I write these words,' he says, 'on the happiest, and the last, day of my life. I am suffering from diseases of the bladder and intestines, which are of the utmost possible severity.' Unhappy creature! If pain is the Chief Evil, that is the only thing to be said. But let us hear his own words. 'Yet all my sufferings,' he continues, 'are counterbalanced by the joy which I derive from remembering my theories and discoveries. I charge you, by the devotion which from your youth up you have displayed towards myself and towards philosophy, to protect the children of Metrodorus.' |
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| 12. Philodemus, De Libertate Dicendi, None (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Sorabji (2000) 217 |
| 13. Cicero, Academica, 2.44.135, 2.135 (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •frank criticism •philodemus, epicurean, on frank criticism Found in books: Sorabji (2000) 196 |
14. Cicero, De Finibus, 1.18.60, 2.96 (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •frank criticism Found in books: Sorabji (2000) 233 | 2.96. "But I must not digress too far. Let me repeat the dying words of Epicurus, to prove to you the discrepancy between his practice and his principles: 'Epicurus to Hermarchus, greeting. I write these words,' he says, 'on the happiest, and the last, day of my life. I am suffering from diseases of the bladder and intestines, which are of the utmost possible severity.' Unhappy creature! If pain is the Chief Evil, that is the only thing to be said. But let us hear his own words. 'Yet all my sufferings,' he continues, 'are counterbalanced by the joy which I derive from remembering my theories and discoveries. I charge you, by the devotion which from your youth up you have displayed towards myself and towards philosophy, to protect the children of Metrodorus.' |
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15. Philo of Alexandria, On The Life of Abraham, 26 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •frank criticism Found in books: Sorabji (2000) 233 | 26. But we must not be ignorant that repentance occupies the second place only, next after perfection, just as the change from sickness to convalescence is inferior to perfect uninterrupted health. Therefore, that which is continuous and perfect in virtues is very near divine power, but that condition which is improvement advancing in process of time is the peculiar blessing of a welldisposed soul, which does not continue in its childish pursuits, but by more vigorous thoughts and inclinations, such as really become a man, seeks a tranquil steadiness of soul, and which attains to it by its conception of what is good. V. |
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16. Lucretius Carus, On The Nature of Things, 3.526-3.1094, 4.1037-4.1287 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •frankness, contrasted with harsh criticism Found in books: Yona (2018) 74| 3.526. Denique saepe hominem paulatim cernimus ire 3.527. et membratim vitalem deperdere sensum; 3.528. in pedibus primum digitos livescere et unguis, 3.529. inde pedes et crura mori, post inde per artus 3.530. ire alios tractim gelidi vestigia leti. 3.531. scinditur atque animae haec quoniam natura nec uno 3.532. tempore sincera existit, mortalis habendast. 3.533. quod si forte putas ipsam se posse per artus 3.534. introsum trahere et partis conducere in unum 3.535. atque ideo cunctis sensum diducere membris, 3.536. at locus ille tamen, quo copia tanta animai 3.537. cogitur, in sensu debet maiore videri; 3.538. qui quoniam nusquamst, ni mirum, ut diximus ante , 3.539. dilaniata foras dispargitur, interit ergo. 3.540. quin etiam si iam libeat concedere falsum 3.541. et dare posse animam glomerari in corpore eorum, 3.542. lumina qui lincunt moribundi particulatim, 3.543. mortalem tamen esse animam fateare necesse 3.544. nec refert utrum pereat dispersa per auras 3.545. an contracta suis e partibus obbrutescat, 3.546. quando hominem totum magis ac magis undique sensus 3.547. deficit et vitae minus et minus undique restat. 3.548. Et quoniam mens est hominis pars una locoque 3.549. fixa manet certo, vel ut aures atque oculi sunt 3.550. atque alii sensus qui vitam cumque gubert, 3.551. et vel uti manus atque oculus naresve seorsum 3.552. secreta ab nobis nequeunt sentire neque esse, 3.553. sed tamen in parvo lincuntur tempore tali, 3.554. sic animus per se non quit sine corpore et ipso 3.555. esse homine, illius quasi quod vas esse videtur, 3.556. sive aliud quid vis potius coniunctius ei 3.557. fingere, quandoquidem conexu corpus adhaeret. 3.558. Denique corporis atque animi vivata potestas 3.559. inter se coniuncta valent vitaque fruuntur; 3.560. nec sine corpore enim vitalis edere motus 3.561. sola potest animi per se natura nec autem 3.562. cassum anima corpus durare et sensibus uti. 3.563. scilicet avolsus radicibus ut nequit ullam 3.564. dispicere ipse oculus rem seorsum corpore toto, 3.565. sic anima atque animus per se nil posse videtur. 3.566. ni mirum quia per venas et viscera mixtim, 3.567. per nervos atque ossa tenentur corpore ab omni 3.568. nec magnis intervallis primordia possunt 3.569. libera dissultare, ideo conclusa moventur 3.570. sensiferos motus, quos extra corpus in auras 3.571. aeris aëris haut possunt post mortem eiecta moveri 3.572. propterea quia non simili ratione tenentur; 3.573. corpus enim atque animans erit aer aër , si cohibere 3.574. sese anima atque in eos poterit concludere motus, 3.575. quos ante in nervis et in ipso corpore agebat. 3.576. quare etiam atque etiam resoluto corporis omni 3.577. tegmine et eiectis extra vitalibus auris 3.578. dissolui sensus animi fateare necessest 3.579. atque animam, quoniam coniunctast causa duobus. 3.580. Denique cum corpus nequeat perferre animai 3.581. discidium, quin in taetro tabescat odore, 3.582. quid dubitas quin ex imo penitusque coorta 3.583. emanarit uti fumus diffusa animae vis, 3.584. atque ideo tanta mutatum putre ruina 3.585. conciderit corpus, penitus quia mota loco sunt 3.586. fundamenta foras mat animaeque per artus 3.587. perque viarum omnis flexus, in corpore qui sunt, 3.588. atque foramina? multimodis ut noscere possis 3.589. dispertitam animae naturam exisse per artus 3.590. et prius esse sibi distractam corpore in ipso, 3.591. quam prolapsa foras enaret in aeris aëris auras. 3.592. Quin etiam finis dum vitae vertitur intra, 3.593. saepe aliqua tamen e causa labefacta videtur 3.594. ire anima ac toto solui de corpore tota 3.595. et quasi supremo languescere tempore voltus 3.596. molliaque exsangui cadere omnia corpore membra. 3.597. quod genus est, animo male factum cum perhibetur 3.598. aut animam liquisse; ubi iam trepidatur et omnes 3.599. extremum cupiunt vitae reprehendere vinclum; 3.600. conquassatur enim tum mens animaeque potestas 3.601. omnis. et haec ipso cum corpore conlabefiunt, 3.602. ut gravior paulo possit dissolvere causa. 3.603. Quid dubitas tandem quin extra prodita corpus 3.604. inbecilla foras in aperto, tegmine dempto, 3.605. non modo non omnem possit durare per aevom, 3.606. sed minimum quodvis nequeat consistere tempus? 3.607. nec sibi enim quisquam moriens sentire videtur 3.608. ire foras animam incolumem de corpore toto, 3.609. nec prius ad iugulum et supera succedere fauces, 3.610. verum deficere in certa regione locatam; 3.611. ut sensus alios in parti quemque sua scit 3.612. dissolui. quod si inmortalis nostra foret mens, 3.613. non tam se moriens dissolvi conquereretur, 3.614. sed magis ire foras vestemque relinquere, ut anguis. 3.615. Denique cur animi numquam mens consiliumque 3.616. gignitur in capite aut pedibus manibusve, sed unis 3.617. sedibus et certis regionibus omnibus haeret, 3.618. si non certa loca ad nascendum reddita cuique 3.619. sunt, et ubi quicquid possit durare creatum 3.620. atque ita multimodis partitis artubus esse, 3.621. membrorum ut numquam existat praeposterus ordo? 3.622. usque adeo sequitur res rem, neque flamma creari 3.623. fluminibus solitast neque in igni gignier algor. 3.624. Praeterea si inmortalis natura animaist 3.625. et sentire potest secreta a corpore nostro, 3.626. quinque, ut opinor, eam faciundum est sensibus auctam. 3.627. nec ratione alia nosmet proponere nobis 3.628. possumus infernas animas Acherunte vagare. 3.629. pictores itaque et scriptorum saecla priora 3.630. sic animas intro duxerunt sensibus auctas. 3.631. at neque sorsum oculi neque nares nec manus ipsa 3.632. esse potest animae neque sorsum lingua neque aures; 3.633. haud igitur per se possunt sentire neque esse. 3.634. Et quoniam toto sentimus corpore inesse 3.635. vitalem sensum et totum esse animale videmus, 3.636. si subito medium celeri praeciderit ictu 3.637. vis aliqua, ut sorsum partem secernat utramque, 3.638. dispertita procul dubio quoque vis animai 3.639. et discissa simul cum corpore dissicietur. 3.640. at quod scinditur et partis discedit in ullas, 3.641. scilicet aeternam sibi naturam abnuit esse. 3.642. falciferos memorant currus abscidere membra 3.643. saepe ita de subito permixta caede calentis, 3.644. ut tremere in terra videatur ab artubus id quod 3.645. decidit abscisum, cum mens tamen atque hominis vis 3.646. mobilitate mali non quit sentire dolorem; 3.647. et simul in pugnae studio quod dedita mens est, 3.648. corpore relicuo pugnam caedesque petessit, 3.649. nec tenet amissam laevam cum tegmine saepe 3.650. inter equos abstraxe rotas falcesque rapaces, 3.651. nec cecidisse alius dextram, cum scandit et instat. 3.652. inde alius conatur adempto surgere crure, 3.653. cum digitos agitat propter moribundus humi pes. 3.654. et caput abscisum calido viventeque trunco 3.655. servat humi voltum vitalem oculosque patentis, 3.656. donec reliquias animai reddidit omnes. 3.657. quin etiam tibi si, lingua vibrante, miti 3.658. serpentis cauda, procero corpore, utrumque 3.659. sit libitum in multas partis discidere ferro, 3.660. omnia iam sorsum cernes ancisa recenti 3.661. volnere tortari et terram conspargere tabo, 3.662. ipsam seque retro partem petere ore priorem, 3.663. volneris ardenti ut morsu premat icta dolore. 3.664. omnibus esse igitur totas dicemus in illis 3.665. particulis animas? at ea ratione sequetur 3.666. unam animantem animas habuisse in corpore multas. 3.667. ergo divisast ea quae fuit una simul cum 3.668. corpore; quapropter mortale utrumque putandumst, 3.669. in multas quoniam partis disciditur aeque. 3.670. Praeterea si inmortalis natura animai 3.671. constat et in corpus nascentibus insinuatur, 3.672. cur super ante actam aetatem meminisse nequimus 3.673. nec vestigia gestarum rerum ulla tenemus? 3.674. nam si tanto operest animi mutata potestas, 3.675. omnis ut actarum exciderit retinentia rerum, 3.676. non, ut opinor, id ab leto iam longius errat; 3.677. qua propter fateare necessest quae fuit ante 3.678. interiisse, et quae nunc est nunc esse creatam. 3.679. Praeterea si iam perfecto corpore nobis 3.680. inferri solitast animi vivata potestas 3.681. tum cum gignimur et vitae cum limen inimus, 3.682. haud ita conveniebat uti cum corpore et una 3.683. cum membris videatur in ipso sanguine cresse, 3.684. sed vel ut in cavea per se sibi vivere solam 3.685. convenit, ut sensu corpus tamen affluat omne. 3.686. quare etiam atque etiam neque originis esse putandumst 3.687. expertis animas nec leti lege solutas; 3.688. nam neque tanto opere adnecti potuisse putandumst 3.689. corporibus nostris extrinsecus insinuatas, 3.690. quod fieri totum contra manifesta docet res 3.691. aenamque ænamque ita conexa est per venas viscera nervos 3.692. ossaque, uti dentes quoque sensu participentur; 3.693. morbus ut indicat et gelidai stringor aquai 3.694. et lapis oppressus subitis e frugibus asperae asperæ 3.695. nec, tam contextae cum sint, exire videntur 3.696. incolumes posse et salvas exsolvere sese 3.697. omnibus e nervis atque ossibus articulisque, 3.698. quod si forte putas extrinsecus insinuatam 3.699. permanare animam nobis per membra solere, 3.700. tanto quique magis cum corpore fusa peribit; 3.701. quod permanat enim, dissolvitur, interit ergo; 3.702. dispertitur enim per caulas corporis omnis. 3.703. ut cibus, in membra atque artus cum diditur omnis, 3.704. disperit atque aliam naturam sufficit ex se, 3.705. sic anima atque animus quamvis est integra recens in 3.706. corpus eunt, tamen in mado dissoluuntur, 3.707. dum quasi per caulas omnis diduntur in artus 3.708. particulae quibus haec animi natura creatur, 3.709. quae nunc in nostro dominatur corpore nata 3.710. ex illa quae tunc periit partita per artus. 3.711. quapropter neque natali privata videtur 3.712. esse die natura animae nec funeris expers. 3.713. Semina praeterea linquontur necne animai 3.714. corpore in exanimo? quod si lincuntur et insunt, 3.715. haut erit ut merito inmortalis possit haberi, 3.716. partibus amissis quoniam libata recessit. 3.717. sin ita sinceris membris ablata profugit, 3.718. ut nullas partis in corpore liquerit ex se, 3.719. unde cadavera rancenti iam viscere vermes 3.720. expirant atque unde animantum copia tanta 3.721. exos et exanguis tumidos perfluctuat artus? 3.722. quod si forte animas extrinsecus insinuari? 3.723. vermibus et privas in corpora posse venire 3.724. credis nec reputas cur milia multa animarum 3.725. conveniant unde una recesserit, hoc tamen est ut 3.726. quaerendum videatur et in discrimen agendum, 3.727. utrum tandem animae venentur semina quaeque 3.728. vermiculorum ipsaeque sibi fabricentur ubi sint, 3.729. an quasi corporibus perfectis insinuentur. 3.730. at neque cur faciant ipsae quareve laborent 3.731. dicere suppeditat. neque enim, sine corpore cum sunt, 3.732. sollicitae volitant morbis alguque fameque; 3.733. corpus enim magis his vitiis adfine laborat, 3.734. et mala multa animus contage fungitur eius. 3.735. sed tamen his esto quamvis facere utile corpus, 3.736. cum subeant; at qua possint via nulla videtur. 3.737. haut igitur faciunt animae sibi corpora et artus. 3.738. nec tamen est ut qui cum perfectis insinuentur 3.739. corporibus; neque enim poterunt suptiliter esse 3.740. conexae neque consensu contagia fient. 3.741. Denique cur acris violentia triste leonum 3.742. seminium sequitur, volpes dolus, et fuga cervos? 3.743. a patribus datur et a patrius pavor incitat artus, 3.744. et iam cetera de genere hoc cur omnia membris 3.745. ex ineunte aevo generascunt ingenioque, 3.746. si non, certa suo quia semine seminioque 3.747. vis animi pariter crescit cum corpore quoque? 3.748. quod si inmortalis foret et mutare soleret 3.749. corpora, permixtis animantes moribus essent, 3.750. effugeret canis Hyrcano de semine saepe 3.751. cornigeri incursum cervi tremeretque per auras 3.752. aeris aëris accipiter fugiens veniente columba, 3.753. desiperent homines, saperent fera saecla ferarum. 3.754. illud enim falsa fertur ratione, quod aiunt 3.755. inmortalem animam mutato corpore flecti; 3.756. quod mutatur enim, dissolvitur, interit ergo; 3.757. traiciuntur enim partes atque ordine migrant; 3.758. quare dissolui quoque debent posse per artus, 3.759. denique ut intereant una cum corpore cunctae. 3.760. sin animas hominum dicent in corpora semper 3.761. ire humana, tamen quaeram cur e sapienti 3.762. stulta queat fieri, nec prudens sit puer ullus, 3.763. si non, certa suo quia semine seminioque 3.764. nec tam doctus equae pullus quam fortis equi vis. 3.765. scilicet in tenero tenerascere corpore mentem 3.766. confugient. quod si iam fit, fateare necessest 3.767. mortalem esse animam, quoniam mutata per artus 3.768. tanto opere amittit vitam sensumque priorem. 3.769. quove modo poterit pariter cum corpore quoque 3.770. confirmata cupitum aetatis tangere florem 3.771. vis animi, nisi erit consors in origine prima? 3.772. quidve foras sibi vult membris exire senectis? 3.773. an metuit conclusa manere in corpore putri 3.774. et domus aetatis spatio ne fessa vetusto 3.775. obruat? at non sunt immortali ulla pericla. 3.776. Denique conubia ad Veneris partusque ferarum 3.777. esse animas praesto deridiculum esse videtur, 3.778. expectare immortalis mortalia membra 3.779. innumero numero certareque praeproperanter 3.780. inter se quae prima potissimaque insinuetur; 3.781. si non forte ita sunt animarum foedera pacta, 3.782. ut quae prima volans advenerit insinuetur 3.783. prima neque inter se contendant viribus hilum. 3.784. Denique in aethere non arbor, non aequore in alto 3.785. nubes esse queunt nec pisces vivere in arvis 3.786. nec cruor in lignis neque saxis sucus inesse. 3.787. certum ac dispositumst ubi quicquid crescat et insit. 3.788. sic animi natura nequit sine corpore oriri 3.789. sola neque a nervis et sanguine longius esse. 3.790. quod si posset enim, multo prius ipsa animi vis 3.791. in capite aut umeris aut imis calcibus esse 3.792. posset et innasci quavis in parte soleret, 3.793. tandem in eodem homine atque in eodem vase manere. 3.794. quod quoniam nostro quoque constat corpore certum 3.795. dispositumque videtur ubi esse et crescere possit 3.796. sorsum anima atque animus, tanto magis infitiandum 3.797. totum posse extra corpus durare genique. 3.798. quare, corpus ubi interiit, periisse necessest 3.799. confiteare animam distractam in corpore toto. 3.800. quippe etenim mortale aeterno iungere et una 3.801. consentire putare et fungi mutua posse 3.802. desiperest; quid enim diversius esse putandumst 3.803. aut magis inter se disiunctum discrepitansque, 3.804. quam mortale quod est inmortali atque perenni 3.805. iunctum in concilio saevas tolerare procellas? 3.806. praeterea quaecumque manent aeterna necessest 3.807. aut quia sunt solido cum corpore respuere ictus 3.808. nec penetrare pati sibi quicquam quod queat artas 3.809. dissociare intus partis, ut materiai 3.810. corpora sunt, quorum naturam ostendimus ante, 3.811. aut ideo durare aetatem posse per omnem, 3.812. plagarum quia sunt expertia sicut iest, 3.813. quod manet intactum neque ab ictu fungitur hilum, 3.814. aut etiam quia nulla loci sit copia circum, 3.815. quo quasi res possint discedere dissoluique, 3.816. sicut summarum summast aeterna, neque extra 3.817. quis locus est quo diffugiant neque corpora sunt quae 3.818. possint incidere et valida dissolvere plaga. 3.819. Quod si forte ideo magis inmortalis habendast, 3.820. quod vitalibus ab rebus munita tenetur, 3.821. aut quia non veniunt omnino aliena salutis, 3.822. aut quia quae veniunt aliqua ratione recedunt 3.823. pulsa prius quam quid noceant sentire queamus, 3.824. praeter enim quam quod morbis cum corporis aegret, 3.825. advenit id quod eam de rebus saepe futuris 3.826. macerat inque metu male habet curisque fatigat, 3.827. praeteritisque male admissis peccata remordent. 3.828. adde furorem animi proprium atque oblivia rerum, 3.829. adde quod in nigras lethargi mergitur undas. 3.830. Nil igitur mors est ad nos neque pertinet hilum, 3.831. quandoquidem natura animi mortalis habetur. 3.832. et vel ut ante acto nihil tempore sensimus aegri, 3.833. ad confligendum venientibus undique Poenis, 3.834. omnia cum belli trepido concussa tumultu 3.835. horrida contremuere sub altis aetheris auris, 3.836. in dubioque fuere utrorum ad regna cadendum 3.837. omnibus humanis esset terraque marique, 3.838. sic, ubi non erimus, cum corporis atque animai 3.839. discidium fuerit, quibus e sumus uniter apti, 3.840. scilicet haud nobis quicquam, qui non erimus tum, 3.841. accidere omnino poterit sensumque movere, 3.842. non si terra mari miscebitur et mare caelo. 3.843. et si iam nostro sentit de corpore postquam 3.844. distractast animi natura animaeque potestas, 3.845. nil tamen est ad nos, qui comptu coniugioque 3.846. corporis atque animae consistimus uniter apti. 3.847. nec, si materiem nostram collegerit aetas 3.848. post obitum rursumque redegerit ut sita nunc est, 3.849. atque iterum nobis fuerint data lumina vitae, 3.850. pertineat quicquam tamen ad nos id quoque factum, 3.851. interrupta semel cum sit repetentia nostri. 3.852. et nunc nil ad nos de nobis attinet, ante 3.853. qui fuimus, neque iam de illis nos adficit angor. 3.854. nam cum respicias inmensi temporis omne 3.855. praeteritum spatium, tum motus materiai 3.856. multimodi quam sint, facile hoc adcredere possis, 3.857. semina saepe in eodem, ut nunc sunt, ordine posta 3.858. haec eadem, quibus e nunc nos sumus, ante fuisse. 3.859. nec memori tamen id quimus reprehendere mente; 3.860. inter enim iectast vitai pausa vageque 3.861. deerrarunt passim motus ab sensibus omnes. 3.862. debet enim, misere si forte aegreque futurumst; 3.863. ipse quoque esse in eo tum tempore, cui male possit 3.864. accidere. id quoniam mors eximit, esseque prohibet 3.865. illum cui possint incommoda conciliari, 3.866. scire licet nobis nihil esse in morte timendum 3.867. nec miserum fieri qui non est posse, neque hilum 3.868. differre an nullo fuerit iam tempore natus, 3.869. mortalem vitam mors cum inmortalis ademit. 3.870. Proinde ubi se videas hominem indignarier ipsum, 3.871. post mortem fore ut aut putescat corpore posto 3.872. aut flammis interfiat malisve ferarum, 3.873. scire licet non sincerum sonere atque subesse 3.874. caecum aliquem cordi stimulum, quamvis neget ipse 3.875. credere se quemquam sibi sensum in morte futurum; 3.876. non, ut opinor, enim dat quod promittit et unde 3.877. nec radicitus e vita se tollit et eicit, 3.878. sed facit esse sui quiddam super inscius ipse. 3.879. vivus enim sibi cum proponit quisque futurum, 3.880. corpus uti volucres lacerent in morte feraeque, 3.881. ipse sui miseret; neque enim se dividit illim 3.882. nec removet satis a proiecto corpore et illum 3.883. se fingit sensuque suo contaminat astans. 3.884. hinc indignatur se mortalem esse creatum 3.885. nec videt in vera nullum fore morte alium se, 3.886. qui possit vivus sibi se lugere peremptum 3.887. stansque iacentem se lacerari urive dolere. 3.888. nam si in morte malumst malis morsuque ferarum 3.889. tractari, non invenio qui non sit acerbum 3.890. ignibus inpositum calidis torrescere flammis 3.891. aut in melle situm suffocari atque rigere 3.892. frigore, cum summo gelidi cubat aequore saxi, 3.893. urgerive superne obrutum pondere terrae. 3.894. 'Iam iam non domus accipiet te laeta neque uxor 3.895. optima, nec dulces occurrent oscula nati 3.896. praeripere et tacita pectus dulcedine tangent. 3.897. non poteris factis florentibus esse tuisque 3.898. praesidium. misero misere' aiunt 'omnia ademit 3.899. una dies infesta tibi tot praemia vitae.' 3.900. illud in his rebus non addunt 'nec tibi earum 3.901. iam desiderium rerum super insidet una.' 3.902. quod bene si videant animo dictisque sequantur, 3.903. dissoluant animi magno se angore metuque. 3.904. 'tu quidem ut es leto sopitus, sic eris aevi 3.905. quod super est cunctis privatus doloribus aegris; 3.906. at nos horrifico cinefactum te prope busto 3.907. insatiabiliter deflevimus, aeternumque 3.908. nulla dies nobis maerorem e pectore demet.' 3.909. illud ab hoc igitur quaerendum est, quid sit amari 3.910. tanto opere, ad somnum si res redit atque quietem, 3.911. cur quisquam aeterno possit tabescere luctu. 3.912. Hoc etiam faciunt ubi discubuere tenentque 3.913. pocula saepe homines et inumbrant ora coronis, 3.914. ex animo ut dicant: 'brevis hic est fructus homullis; 3.915. iam fuerit neque post umquam revocare licebit.' 3.916. tam quam in morte mali cum primis hoc sit eorum, 3.917. quod sitis exurat miseros atque arida torrat, 3.918. aut aliae cuius desiderium insideat rei. 3.919. nec sibi enim quisquam tum se vitamque requiret, 3.920. cum pariter mens et corpus sopita quiescunt; 3.921. nam licet aeternum per nos sic esse soporem, 3.922. nec desiderium nostri nos adficit ullum, 3.923. et tamen haud quaquam nostros tunc illa per artus 3.924. longe ab sensiferis primordia motibus errant, 3.925. cum correptus homo ex somno se colligit ipse. 3.926. multo igitur mortem minus ad nos esse putandumst, 3.927. si minus esse potest quam quod nihil esse videmus; 3.928. maior enim turbae disiectus materiai 3.929. consequitur leto nec quisquam expergitus extat, 3.930. frigida quem semel est vitai pausa secuta. 3.931. Denique si vocem rerum natura repente. 3.932. mittat et hoc alicui nostrum sic increpet ipsa: 3.933. 'quid tibi tanto operest, mortalis, quod nimis aegris 3.934. luctibus indulges? quid mortem congemis ac fles? 3.935. nam si grata fuit tibi vita ante acta priorque 3.936. et non omnia pertusum congesta quasi in vas 3.937. commoda perfluxere atque ingrata interiere; 3.938. cur non ut plenus vitae conviva recedis 3.939. aequo animoque capis securam, stulte, quietem? 3.940. sin ea quae fructus cumque es periere profusa 3.941. vitaque in offensost, cur amplius addere quaeris, 3.942. rursum quod pereat male et ingratum occidat omne, 3.943. non potius vitae finem facis atque laboris? 3.944. nam tibi praeterea quod machiner inveniamque, 3.945. quod placeat, nihil est; eadem sunt omnia semper. 3.946. si tibi non annis corpus iam marcet et artus 3.947. confecti languent, eadem tamen omnia restant, 3.948. omnia si perges vivendo vincere saecla, 3.949. atque etiam potius, si numquam sis moriturus', 3.950. quid respondemus, nisi iustam intendere litem 3.951. naturam et veram verbis exponere causam? 3.952. grandior hic vero si iam seniorque queratur 3.953. atque obitum lamentetur miser amplius aequo, 3.954. non merito inclamet magis et voce increpet acri: 3.955. 'aufer abhinc lacrimas, baratre, et compesce querellas. 3.956. omnia perfunctus vitai praemia marces; 3.957. sed quia semper aves quod abest, praesentia temnis, 3.958. inperfecta tibi elapsast ingrataque vita, 3.959. et nec opiti mors ad caput adstitit ante 3.960. quam satur ac plenus possis discedere rerum. 3.961. nunc aliena tua tamen aetate omnia mitte 3.962. aequo animoque, age dum, magnis concede necessis?' 3.963. iure, ut opinor, agat, iure increpet inciletque; 3.964. cedit enim rerum novitate extrusa vetustas 3.965. semper, et ex aliis aliud reparare necessest. 3.966. Nec quisquam in barathrum nec Tartara deditur atra; 3.967. materies opus est, ut crescant postera saecla; 3.968. quae tamen omnia te vita perfuncta sequentur; 3.969. nec minus ergo ante haec quam tu cecidere cadentque. 3.970. sic alid ex alio numquam desistet oriri 3.971. vitaque mancipio nulli datur, omnibus usu. 3.972. respice item quam nil ad nos ante acta vetustas 3.973. temporis aeterni fuerit, quam nascimur ante. 3.974. hoc igitur speculum nobis natura futuri 3.975. temporis exponit post mortem denique nostram. 3.976. numquid ibi horribile apparet, num triste videtur 3.977. quicquam, non omni somno securius exstat? 3.978. Atque ea ni mirum quae cumque Acherunte profundo 3.979. prodita sunt esse, in vita sunt omnia nobis. 3.980. nec miser inpendens magnum timet aere aëre saxum 3.981. Tantalus, ut famast, cassa formidine torpens; 3.982. sed magis in vita divom metus urget iis 3.983. mortalis casumque timent quem cuique ferat fors. 3.984. nec Tityon volucres ineunt Acherunte iacentem 3.985. nec quod sub magno scrutentur pectore quicquam 3.986. perpetuam aetatem possunt reperire profecto. 3.987. quam libet immani proiectu corporis exstet, 3.988. qui non sola novem dispessis iugera membris 3.989. optineat, sed qui terrai totius orbem, 3.990. non tamen aeternum poterit perferre dolorem 3.991. nec praebere cibum proprio de corpore semper. 3.992. sed Tityos nobis hic est, in amore iacentem 3.993. quem volucres lacerant atque exest anxius angor 3.994. aut alia quavis scindunt cuppedine curae. 3.995. Sisyphus in vita quoque nobis ante oculos est, 3.996. qui petere a populo fasces saevasque secures 3.997. imbibit et semper victus tristisque recedit. 3.998. nam petere imperium, quod iest nec datur umquam, 3.999. atque in eo semper durum sufferre laborem, 3.1000. hoc est adverso nixantem trudere monte 3.1001. saxum, quod tamen e summo iam vertice rusum 3.1002. volvitur et plani raptim petit aequora campi. 3.1003. deinde animi ingratam naturam pascere semper 3.1004. atque explere bonis rebus satiareque numquam, 3.1005. quod faciunt nobis annorum tempora, circum 3.1006. cum redeunt fetusque ferunt variosque lepores, 3.1007. nec tamen explemur vitai fructibus umquam, 3.1008. hoc, ut opinor, id est, aevo florente puellas 3.1009. quod memorant laticem pertusum congerere in vas, 3.1010. quod tamen expleri nulla ratione potestur. 3.1011. Cerberus et Furiae iam vero et lucis egestas, 3.1012. Tartarus horriferos eructans faucibus aestus! 3.1013. qui neque sunt usquam nec possunt esse profecto; 3.1014. sed metus in vita poenarum pro male factis 3.1015. est insignibus insignis scelerisque luela, 3.1016. carcer et horribilis de saxo iactus deorsum, 3.1017. verbera carnifices robur pix lammina taedae; 3.1018. quae tamen etsi absunt, at mens sibi conscia factis 3.1019. praemetuens adhibet stimulos torretque flagellis, 3.1020. nec videt interea qui terminus esse malorum 3.1021. possit nec quae sit poenarum denique finis, 3.1022. atque eadem metuit magis haec ne in morte gravescant. 3.1023. hic Acherusia fit stultorum denique vita. 3.1024. Hoc etiam tibi tute interdum dicere possis. 3.1025. 'lumina sis oculis etiam bonus Ancus reliquit, 3.1026. qui melior multis quam tu fuit, improbe, rebus. 3.1027. inde alii multi reges rerumque potentes 3.1028. occiderunt, magnis qui gentibus imperitarunt. 3.1029. ille quoque ipse, viam qui quondam per mare magnum 3.1030. stravit iterque dedit legionibus ire per altum 3.1031. ac pedibus salsas docuit super ire lucunas 3.1032. et contempsit equis insultans murmura ponti, 3.1033. lumine adempto animam moribundo corpore fudit. 3.1034. Scipiadas, belli fulmen, Carthaginis horror, 3.1035. ossa dedit terrae proinde ac famul infimus esset. 3.1036. adde repertores doctrinarum atque leporum, 3.1037. adde Heliconiadum comites; quorum unus Homerus 3.1038. sceptra potitus eadem aliis sopitus quietest. 3.1039. denique Democritum post quam matura vetustas 3.1040. admonuit memores motus languescere mentis, 3.1041. sponte sua leto caput obvius optulit ipse. 3.1042. ipse Epicurus obit decurso lumine vitae, 3.1043. qui genus humanum ingenio superavit et omnis 3.1044. restinxit stellas exortus ut aetherius sol. 3.1045. tu vero dubitabis et indignabere obire? 3.1046. mortua cui vita est prope iam vivo atque videnti, 3.1047. qui somno partem maiorem conteris aevi, 3.1048. et viligans stertis nec somnia cernere cessas 3.1049. sollicitamque geris cassa formidine mentem 3.1050. nec reperire potes tibi quid sit saepe mali, cum 3.1051. ebrius urgeris multis miser undique curis 3.1052. atque animo incerto fluitans errore vagaris.' 3.1053. Si possent homines, proinde ac sentire videntur 3.1054. pondus inesse animo, quod se gravitate fatiget, 3.1055. e quibus id fiat causis quoque noscere et unde 3.1056. tanta mali tam quam moles in pectore constet, 3.1057. haut ita vitam agerent, ut nunc plerumque videmus 3.1058. quid sibi quisque velit nescire et quaerere semper, 3.1059. commutare locum, quasi onus deponere possit. 3.1060. exit saepe foras magnis ex aedibus ille, 3.1061. esse domi quem pertaesumst, subitoque revertit , 3.1062. quippe foris nihilo melius qui sentiat esse. 3.1063. currit agens mannos ad villam praecipitanter 3.1064. auxilium tectis quasi ferre ardentibus instans; 3.1065. oscitat extemplo, tetigit cum limina villae, 3.1066. aut abit in somnum gravis atque oblivia quaerit, 3.1067. aut etiam properans urbem petit atque revisit. 3.1068. hoc se quisque modo fugit, at quem scilicet, ut fit, 3.1069. effugere haut potis est: ingratius haeret et odit 3.1070. propterea, morbi quia causam non tenet aeger; 3.1071. quam bene si videat, iam rebus quisque relictis 3.1072. naturam primum studeat cognoscere rerum, 3.1073. temporis aeterni quoniam, non unius horae, 3.1074. ambigitur status, in quo sit mortalibus omnis 3.1075. aetas, post mortem quae restat cumque manendo. 3.1076. Denique tanto opere in dubiis trepidare periclis 3.1077. quae mala nos subigit vitai tanta cupido? 3.1078. certe equidem finis vitae mortalibus adstat 3.1079. nec devitari letum pote, quin obeamus. 3.1080. praeterea versamur ibidem atque insumus usque 3.1081. nec nova vivendo procuditur ulla voluptas; 3.1082. sed dum abest quod avemus, id exsuperare videtur 3.1083. cetera; post aliud, cum contigit illud, avemus 3.1084. et sitis aequa tenet vitai semper hiantis. 3.1085. posteraque in dubiost fortunam quam vehat aetas, 3.1086. quidve ferat nobis casus quive exitus instet. 3.1087. nec prorsum vitam ducendo demimus hilum 3.1088. tempore de mortis nec delibare valemus, 3.1089. quo minus esse diu possimus forte perempti. 3.1090. proinde licet quod vis vivendo condere saecla, 3.1091. mors aeterna tamen nihilo minus illa manebit, 3.1092. nec minus ille diu iam non erit, ex hodierno 3.1093. lumine qui finem vitai fecit, et ille, 3.1094. mensibus atque annis qui multis occidit ante. 4.1037. Sollicitatur id in nobis, quod diximus ante, 4.1038. semen, adulta aetas cum primum roborat artus. 4.1039. namque alias aliud res commovet atque lacessit; 4.1040. ex homine humanum semen ciet una hominis vis. 4.1041. quod simul atque suis eiectum sedibus exit, 4.1042. per membra atque artus decedit corpore toto, 4.1043. in loca conveniens nervorum certa cietque 4.1044. continuo partis genitalis corporis ipsas. 4.1045. inritata tument loca semine fitque voluntas 4.1046. eicere id quo se contendit dira lubido, 4.1047. incitat inritans loca turgida semine multo 4.1048. idque petit corpus, mens unde est saucia amore; 4.1049. namque omnes plerumque cadunt in vulnus et illam 4.1050. emicat in partem sanguis, unde icimur ictu, 4.1051. et si comminus est, hostem ruber occupat umor. 4.1052. sic igitur Veneris qui telis accipit ictus, 4.1053. sive puer membris muliebribus hunc iaculatur 4.1054. seu mulier toto iactans e corpore amorem, 4.1055. unde feritur, eo tendit gestitque coire 4.1056. et iacere umorem in corpus de corpore ductum; 4.1057. namque voluptatem praesagit muta cupido. 4.1058. Haec Venus est nobis; hinc autemst nomen Amoris, 4.1059. hinc illaec primum Veneris dulcedinis in cor 4.1060. stillavit gutta et successit frigida cura; 4.1061. nam si abest quod ames, praesto simulacra tamen sunt 4.1062. illius et nomen dulce obversatur ad auris. 4.1063. sed fugitare decet simulacra et pabula amoris 4.1064. absterrere sibi atque alio convertere mentem 4.1065. et iacere umorem coniectum in corpora quaeque 4.1066. nec retinere semel conversum unius amore 4.1067. et servare sibi curam certumque dolorem; 4.1068. ulcus enim vivescit et inveterascit alendo 4.1069. inque dies gliscit furor atque aerumna gravescit, 4.1070. si non prima novis conturbes volnera plagis 4.1071. volgivagaque vagus Venere ante recentia cures 4.1072. aut alio possis animi traducere motus. 4.1073. Nec Veneris fructu caret is qui vitat amorem, 4.1074. sed potius quae sunt sine poena commoda sumit; 4.1075. nam certe purast sanis magis inde voluptas 4.1076. quam miseris; etenim potiundi tempore in ipso 4.1077. fluctuat incertis erroribus ardor amantum 4.1078. nec constat quid primum oculis manibusque fruantur. 4.1079. quod petiere, premunt arte faciuntque dolorem 4.1080. corporis et dentes inlidunt saepe labellis 4.1081. osculaque adfigunt, quia non est pura voluptas 4.1082. et stimuli subsunt, qui instigant laedere id ipsum, 4.1083. quod cumque est, rabies unde illaec germina surgunt. 4.1084. sed leviter poenas frangit Venus inter amorem 4.1085. blandaque refrenat morsus admixta voluptas. 4.1086. namque in eo spes est, unde est ardoris origo, 4.1087. restingui quoque posse ab eodem corpore flammam. 4.1088. quod fieri contra totum natura repugnat; 4.1089. unaque res haec est, cuius quam plurima habemus, 4.1090. tam magis ardescit dira cuppedine pectus. 4.1091. nam cibus atque umor membris adsumitur intus; 4.1092. quae quoniam certas possunt obsidere partis, 4.1093. hoc facile expletur laticum frugumque cupido. 4.1094. ex hominis vero facie pulchroque colore 4.1095. nil datur in corpus praeter simulacra fruendum 4.1096. tenvia; quae vento spes raptast saepe misella. 4.1097. ut bibere in somnis sitiens quom quaerit et umor 4.1098. non datur, ardorem qui membris stinguere possit, 4.1099. sed laticum simulacra petit frustraque laborat 4.1100. in medioque sitit torrenti flumine potans, 4.1101. sic in amore Venus simulacris ludit amantis, 4.1102. nec satiare queunt spectando corpora coram 4.1103. nec manibus quicquam teneris abradere membris 4.1104. possunt errantes incerti corpore toto. 4.1105. denique cum membris conlatis flore fruuntur 4.1106. aetatis, iam cum praesagit gaudia corpus 4.1107. atque in eost Venus ut muliebria conserat arva, 4.1108. adfigunt avide corpus iunguntque salivas 4.1109. oris et inspirant pressantes dentibus ora, 4.1110. ne quiquam, quoniam nihil inde abradere possunt 4.1111. nec penetrare et abire in corpus corpore toto; 4.1112. nam facere inter dum velle et certare videntur. 4.1113. usque adeo cupide in Veneris compagibus haerent, 4.1114. membra voluptatis dum vi labefacta liquescunt. 4.1115. tandem ubi se erupit nervis coniecta cupido, 4.1116. parva fit ardoris violenti pausa parumper. 4.1117. inde redit rabies eadem et furor ille revisit, 4.1118. cum sibi quod cupiant ipsi contingere quaerunt, 4.1119. nec reperire malum id possunt quae machina vincat. 4.1120. usque adeo incerti tabescunt volnere caeco. 4.1121. Adde quod absumunt viris pereuntque labore, 4.1122. adde quod alterius sub nutu degitur aetas, 4.1123. languent officia atque aegrotat fama vacillans. 4.1124. labitur interea res et Babylonia fiunt 4.1125. unguenta et pulchra in pedibus Sicyonia rident, 4.1126. scilicet et grandes viridi cum luce zmaragdi 4.1127. auro includuntur teriturque thalassina vestis 4.1128. adsidue et Veneris sudorem exercita potat. 4.1129. et bene parta patrum fiunt anademata, mitrae, 4.1130. inter dum in pallam atque Alidensia Ciaque vertunt. 4.1131. eximia veste et victu convivia, ludi, 4.1132. pocula crebra, unguenta, coronae, serta parantur, 4.1133. ne quiquam, quoniam medio de fonte leporum 4.1134. surgit amari aliquid, quod in ipsis floribus angat, 4.1135. aut cum conscius ipse animus se forte remordet 4.1136. desidiose agere aetatem lustrisque perire, 4.1137. aut quod in ambiguo verbum iaculata reliquit, 4.1138. quod cupido adfixum cordi vivescit ut ignis, 4.1139. aut nimium iactare oculos aliumve tueri 4.1140. quod putat in voltuque videt vestigia risus. 4.1141. Atque in amore mala haec proprio summeque secundo 4.1142. inveniuntur; in adverso vero atque inopi sunt, 4.1143. prendere quae possis oculorum lumine operto. 4.1144. innumerabilia; ut melius vigilare sit ante, 4.1145. qua docui ratione, cavereque, ne inliciaris. 4.1146. nam vitare, plagas in amoris ne iaciamur, 4.1147. non ita difficile est quam captum retibus ipsis 4.1148. exire et validos Veneris perrumpere nodos. 4.1149. et tamen implicitus quoque possis inque peditus 4.1150. effugere infestum, nisi tute tibi obvius obstes 4.1151. et praetermittas animi vitia omnia primum 4.1152. aut quae corporis sunt eius, quam praepetis ac vis. 4.1153. nam faciunt homines plerumque cupidine caeci 4.1154. et tribuunt ea quae non sunt his commoda vere. 4.1155. multimodis igitur pravas turpisque videmus 4.1156. esse in deliciis summoque in honore vigere. 4.1157. atque alios alii inrident Veneremque suadent 4.1158. ut placent, quoniam foedo adflictentur amore, 4.1159. nec sua respiciunt miseri mala maxima saepe. 4.1160. nigra melichrus est, inmunda et fetida acosmos, 4.1161. caesia Palladium, nervosa et lignea dorcas, 4.1162. parvula, pumilio, chariton mia, tota merum sal, 4.1163. magna atque inmanis cataplexis plenaque honoris. 4.1164. balba loqui non quit, traulizi, muta pudens est; 4.1165. at flagrans, odiosa, loquacula Lampadium fit. 4.1166. ischnon eromenion tum fit, cum vivere non quit 4.1167. prae macie; rhadine verost iam mortua tussi. 4.1168. at nimia et mammosa Ceres est ipsa ab Iaccho, 4.1169. simula Silena ac Saturast, labeosa philema. 4.1170. cetera de genere hoc longum est si dicere coner. 4.1171. sed tamen esto iam quantovis oris honore, 4.1172. cui Veneris membris vis omnibus exoriatur; 4.1173. nempe aliae quoque sunt; nempe hac sine viximus ante; 4.1174. nempe eadem facit et scimus facere omnia turpi 4.1175. et miseram taetris se suffit odoribus ipsa, 4.1176. quam famulae longe fugitant furtimque cachint. 4.1177. at lacrimans exclusus amator limina saepe 4.1178. floribus et sertis operit postisque superbos 4.1179. unguit amaracino et foribus miser oscula figit; 4.1180. quem si iam ammissum venientem offenderit aura 4.1181. una modo, causas abeundi quaerat honestas 4.1182. et meditata diu cadat alte sumpta querella 4.1183. stultitiaque ibi se damnet, tribuisse quod illi 4.1184. plus videat quam mortali concedere par est. 4.1185. nec Veneres nostras hoc fallit; quo magis ipsae 4.1186. omnia summo opere hos vitae poscaenia celant, 4.1187. quos retinere volunt adstrictosque esse in amore, 4.1188. ne quiquam, quoniam tu animo tamen omnia possis 4.1189. protrahere in lucem atque omnis inquirere risus 4.1190. et, si bello animost et non odiosa, vicissim 4.1191. praetermittere et humanis concedere rebus. 4.1192. Nec mulier semper ficto suspirat amore, 4.1193. quae conplexa viri corpus cum corpore iungit 4.1194. et tenet adsuctis umectans oscula labris; 4.1195. nam facit ex animo saepe et communia quaerens 4.1196. gaudia sollicitat spatium decurrere amoris. 4.1197. nec ratione alia volucres armenta feraeque 4.1198. et pecudes et equae maribus subsidere possent, 4.1199. si non, ipsa quod illarum subat, ardet abundans 4.1200. natura et Venerem salientum laeta retractat. 4.1201. nonne vides etiam quos mutua saepe voluptas 4.1202. vinxit, ut in vinclis communibus excrucientur, 4.1203. in triviis cum saepe canes discedere aventis 4.1204. divorsi cupide summis ex viribus tendunt, 4.1205. quom interea validis Veneris compagibus haerent? 4.1206. quod facerent numquam, nisi mutua gaudia nossent, 4.1207. quae iacere in fraudem possent vinctosque tenere. 4.1208. quare etiam atque etiam, ut dico, est communis voluptas. 4.1209. Et commiscendo quom semine forte virilem 4.1210. femina vim vicit subita vi corripuitque, 4.1211. tum similes matrum materno semine fiunt, 4.1212. ut patribus patrio. sed quos utriusque figurae 4.1213. esse vides, iuxtim miscentes vulta parentum, 4.1214. corpore de patrio et materno sanguine crescunt, 4.1215. semina cum Veneris stimulis excita per artus 4.1216. obvia conflixit conspirans mutuus ardor, 4.1217. et neque utrum superavit eorum nec superatumst. 4.1218. fit quoque ut inter dum similes existere avorum 4.1219. possint et referant proavorum saepe figuras, 4.1220. propterea quia multa modis primordia multis 4.1221. mixta suo celant in corpore saepe parentis, 4.1222. quae patribus patres tradunt a stirpe profecta. 4.1223. inde Venus varia producit sorte figuras, 4.1224. maiorumque refert voltus vocesque comasque; 4.1225. quandoquidem nihilo magis haec de semine certo 4.1226. fiunt quam facies et corpora membraque nobis. 4.1227. et muliebre oritur patrio de semine saeclum 4.1228. maternoque mares existunt corpore creti; 4.1229. semper enim partus duplici de semine constat, 4.1230. atque utri similest magis id quod cumque creatur, 4.1231. eius habet plus parte aequa; quod cernere possis, 4.1232. sive virum suboles sivest muliebris origo. 4.1233. Nec divina satum genitalem numina cuiquam 4.1234. absterrent, pater a gnatis ne dulcibus umquam 4.1235. appelletur et ut sterili Venere exigat aevom; 4.1236. quod plerumque putant et multo sanguine maesti 4.1237. conspergunt aras adolentque altaria donis, 4.1238. ut gravidas reddant uxores semine largo; 4.1239. ne quiquam divom numen sortisque fatigant; 4.1240. nam steriles nimium crasso sunt semine partim, 4.1241. et liquido praeter iustum tenuique vicissim. 4.1242. tenve locis quia non potis est adfigere adhaesum, 4.1243. liquitur extemplo et revocatum cedit abortu. 4.1244. crassius hinc porro quoniam concretius aequo 4.1245. mittitur, aut non tam prolixo provolat ictu 4.1246. aut penetrare locos aeque nequit aut penetratum 4.1247. aegre admiscetur muliebri semine semen. 4.1248. nam multum harmoniae Veneris differre videntur. 4.1249. atque alias alii complent magis ex aliisque 4.1250. succipiunt aliae pondus magis inque gravescunt. 4.1251. et multae steriles Hymenaeis ante fuerunt 4.1252. pluribus et nactae post sunt tamen unde puellos 4.1253. suscipere et partu possent ditescere dulci. 4.1254. et quibus ante domi fecundae saepe nequissent 4.1255. uxoris parere, inventast illis quoque compar 4.1256. natura, ut possent gnatis munire senectam. 4.1257. usque adeo magni refert, ut semina possint 4.1258. seminibus commisceri genitaliter apta 4.1259. crassaque conveniant liquidis et liquida crassis. 4.1260. atque in eo refert quo victu vita colatur; 4.1261. namque aliis rebus concrescunt semina membris 4.1262. atque aliis extenvantur tabentque vicissim. 4.1263. et quibus ipsa modis tractetur blanda voluptas. 4.1264. id quoque permagni refert; nam more ferarum 4.1265. quadrupedumque magis ritu plerumque putantur 4.1266. concipere uxores, quia sic loca sumere possunt 4.1267. pectoribus positis sublatis semina lumbis. 4.1268. nec molles opus sunt motus uxoribus hilum. 4.1269. nam mulier prohibet se concipere atque repugnat, 4.1270. clunibus ipsa viri Venerem si laeta retractat 4.1271. atque exossato ciet omni pectore fluctus; 4.1272. eicit enim sulcum recta regione viaque 4.1273. vomeris atque locis avertit seminis ictum. 4.1274. idque sua causa consuerunt scorta moveri, 4.1275. ne complerentur crebro gravidaeque iacerent, 4.1276. et simul ipsa viris Venus ut concinnior esset; 4.1277. coniugibus quod nil nostris opus esse videtur. 4.1278. Nec divinitus inter dum Venerisque sagittis 4.1279. deteriore fit ut forma muliercula ametur; 4.1280. nam facit ipsa suis inter dum femina factis 4.1281. morigerisque modis et munde corpore culto, 4.1282. ut facile insuescat secum te degere vitam. 4.1283. quod super est, consuetudo concinnat amorem; 4.1284. nam leviter quamvis quod crebro tunditur ictu, 4.1285. vincitur in longo spatio tamen atque labascit. 4.1286. nonne vides etiam guttas in saxa cadentis 4.1287. umoris longo in spatio pertundere saxa? | |
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17. Philo of Alexandria, On Dreams, 1.91 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •frank criticism Found in books: Sorabji (2000) 233 | 1.91. Why so? Because, even if the mind, fancying that though it does wrong it can escape the notice of the Deity as not being able to see everything, should sin secretly and in dark places, and should after that, either by reason of its own notions or through the suggestions of some one else, conceive that it is impossible that anything should be otherwise than clear to God, and should disclose itself and all its actions, and should bring them forward, as it were, out of the light of the sun, and display them to the governor of the universe, saying, that it repents of the perverse conduct which it formerly exhibited when under the influence of foolish opinion (for that nothing is indistinct before God, but all things are known and clear to him, not merely such as have been done, but even such are merely hoped or designed, by reason of the boundless character of his wisdom), it then is purified and benefited, and it propitiates the chastiser who was ready to punish it, namely, conscience, who was previously filled with just anger towards it, and who now admits repentance as the younger brother of perfect innocence and freedom from sin. XVI. |
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| 18. Horace, Sermones, 1.1.50, 1.4.31-1.4.32, 1.4.110 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •frankness, contrasted with harsh criticism Found in books: Yona (2018) 74 |
19. Philo of Alexandria, On The Virtues, 177 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •frank criticism Found in books: Sorabji (2000) 233 | 177. For absolutely never to do anything wrong at all is a peculiar attribute of God, and perhaps one may also say of a God-like man. But when one has erred, then to change so as to adopt a blameless course of life for the future is the part of a wise man, and of one who is not altogether ignorant of what is expedient. |
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| 20. Horace, Letters, 1.10.1-1.10.2, 1.17.18, 1.17.29, 1.17.32, 1.18.5-1.18.8 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •frankness, contrasted with harsh criticism Found in books: Yona (2018) 75 |
21. Philo of Alexandria, On The Special Laws, 1.103 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •frank criticism Found in books: Sorabji (2000) 233 | 1.103. For it would be mere folly that some men should be excluded from the priesthood by reason of the scars which exist on their bodies from ancient wounds, which are the emblem of misfortune indeed, but not of wickedness; but that those persons who, not at all out of necessity but from their own deliberate choice, have made a market of their beauty, when at last they slowly repent, should at once after leaving their lovers become united to priests, and should come from brothels and be admitted into the sacred precincts. For the scars and impressions of their old offences remain not the less in the souls of those who repent. |
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22. New Testament, Romans, 2.16, 2.18, 5.12, 12.1-12.2, 14.3, 15.2, 15.4, 15.14, 16.17 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Allison (2020) 7, 132, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170| 2.16. ἐν ᾗ ἡμέρᾳ κρίνει ὁ θεὸς τὰ κρυπτὰ τῶν ἀνθρώπων κατὰ τὸ εὐαγγέλιόν μου διὰ Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ. 2.18. καὶ γινώσκεις τὸ θέλημα καὶ δοκιμάζεις τὰ διαφέροντα κατηχούμενος ἐκ τοῦ νόμου, 5.12. Διὰ τοῦτο ὥσπερ διʼ ἑνὸς ἀνθρώπου ἡ ἁμαρτία εἰς τὸν κόσμον εἰσῆλθεν καὶ διὰ τῆς ἁμαρτίας ὁ θάνατος, καὶ οὕτως εἰς πάντας ἀνθρώπους ὁ θάνατος διῆλθεν ἐφʼ ᾧ πάντες ἥμαρτον-. 12.1. Παρακαλῶ οὖν ὑμᾶς, ἀδελφοί, διὰ τῶν οἰκτιρμῶν τοῦ θεοῦ παραστῆσαι τὰ σώματα ὑμῶν θυσίαν ζῶσαν ἁγίαν τῷ θεῷ εὐάρεστον, τὴν λογικὴν λατρείαν ὑμῶν· 12.2. καὶ μὴ συνσχηματίζεσθε τῷ αἰῶνι τούτῳ, ἀλλὰ μεταμορφοῦσθε τῇ ἀνακαινώσει τοῦ νοός, εἰς τὸ δοκιμάζειν ὑμᾶς τί τὸ θέλημα τοῦ θεοῦ, τὸ ἀγαθὸν καὶ εὐάρεστον καὶ τέλειον. 14.3. ὁ ἐσθίων τὸν μὴ ἐσθίοντα μὴ ἐξουθενείτω, ὁ δὲ μὴ ἐσθίων τὸν ἐσθίοντα μὴ κρινέτω, ὁ θεὸς γὰρ αὐτὸν προσελάβετο. 15.2. ἕκαστος ἡμῶν τῷ πλησίον ἀρεσκέτω εἰς τὸ ἀγαθὸν πρὸς οἰκοδομήν· 15.4. ὅσα γὰρ προεγράφη, [πάντα] εἰς τὴν ἡμετέραν διδασκαλίαν ἐγράφη, ἵνα διὰ τῆς ὑπομονῆς καὶ διὰ τῆς παρακλήσεως τῶν γραφῶν τὴν ἐλπίδα ἔχωμεν. 15.14. Πέπεισμαι δέ, ἀδελφοί μου, καὶ αὐτὸς ἐγὼ περὶ ὑμῶν, ὅτι καὶ αὐτοὶ μεστοί ἐστε ἀγαθωσύνης, πεπληρωμένοι πάσης τῆς γνώσεως, δυνάμενοι καὶ ἀλλήλους νουθετεῖν. 16.17. Παρακαλῶ δὲ ὑμᾶς, ἀδελφοί, σκοπεῖν τοὺς τὰς διχοστασίας καὶ τὰ σκάνδαλα παρὰ τὴν διδαχὴν ἣν ὑμεῖς ἐμάθετε ποιοῦντας, καὶ ἐκκλίνετε ἀπʼ αὐτῶν· | 2.16. in the day when God will judge the secrets of men, according to my gospel, by Jesus Christ. 2.18. and know his will, and approve the things that are excellent, being instructed out of the law, 5.12. Therefore, as sin entered into the world through one man, and death through sin; and so death passed to all men, because all sinned. 12.1. Therefore I urge you, brothers, by the mercies of God, to present your bodies a living sacrifice, holy, acceptable to God, which is your spiritual service. 12.2. Don't be conformed to this world, but be transformed by the renewing of your mind, so that you may prove what is the good and acceptable and perfect will of God. 14.3. Don't let him who eats despise him who doesn't eat. Don't let him who doesn't eat judge him who eats, for God has received him. 15.2. Let each one of us please his neighbor for that which is good, to be building him up. 15.4. For whatever things were written before were written for our learning, that through patience and through encouragement of the Scriptures we might have hope. 15.14. I myself am also persuaded about you, my brothers, that you yourselves are full of goodness, filled with all knowledge, able also to admonish others. 16.17. Now I beg you, brothers, look out for those who are causing the divisions and occasions of stumbling, contrary to the doctrine which you learned, and turn away from them. |
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23. New Testament, Philippians, 1.1-3.1, 1.9, 1.10, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9, 4.10, 4.11, 4.12, 4.13, 4.14, 4.15, 4.16, 4.17, 4.18, 4.19, 4.20, 4.21, 4.22, 4.23 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Allison (2020) 166; Gunderson (2022) 105| 4.11. οὐχ ὅτι καθʼ ὑστέρησιν λέγω, ἐγὼ γὰρ ἔμαθον ἐν οἷς εἰμὶ αὐτάρκης εἶναι· οἶδα καὶ ταπεινοῦσθαι, | 4.11. Not that I speak in respect to lack, for I have learned in whatever state I am, to be content in it. |
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24. New Testament, Galatians, 4.11-4.20, 6.1-6.4, 6.6, 6.12 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •frank criticism (parrēsia) •moral formation, frank criticism in Found in books: Allison (2020) 7, 166, 169; Gunderson (2022) 105| 4.11. φοβοῦμαι ὑμᾶς μή πως εἰκῇ κεκοπίακα εἰς ὑμᾶς. 4.12. Γίνεσθε ὡς ἐγώ, ὅτι κἀγὼ ὡς ὑμεῖς, ἀδελφοί, δέομαι ὑμῶν. 4.13. οὐδέν με ἠδικήσατε· οἴδατε δὲ ὅτι διʼ ἀσθένειαν τῆς σαρκὸς εὐηγγελισάμην ὑμῖν τὸ πρότερον, 4.14. καὶ τὸν πειρασμὸν ὑμῶν ἐν τῇ σαρκί μου οὐκ ἐξουθενήσατε οὐδὲ ἐξεπτύσατε, ἀλλὰ ὡς ἄγγελον θεοῦ ἐδέξασθέ με, ὡς Χριστὸν Ἰησοῦν. 4.15. ποῦ οὖν ὁ μακαρισμὸς ὑμῶν; μαρτυρῶ γὰρ ὑμῖν ὅτι εἰ δυνατὸν τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς ὑμῶν ἐξορύξαντες ἐδώκατέ μοι. 4.16. ὥστε ἐχθρὸς ὑμῶν γέγονα ἀληθεύων ὑμῖν; 4.17. ζηλοῦσιν ὑμᾶς οὐ καλῶς, ἀλλὰ ἐκκλεῖσαι ὑμᾶς θέλουσιν, ἵνα αὐτοὺς ζηλοῦτε. 4.18. καλὸν δὲ ζηλοῦσθαι ἐν καλῷ πάντοτε, καὶ μὴ μόνον ἐν τῷ παρεῖναί με πρὸς ὑμᾶς, 4.19. τεκνία μου, οὓς πάλιν ὠδίνω μέχρις οὗ μορφωθῇ Χριστὸς ἐν ὑμῖν· 4.20. ἤθελον δὲ παρεῖναι πρὸς ὑμᾶς ἄρτι, καὶ ἀλλάξαι τὴν φωνήν μου, ὅτι ἀποροῦμαι ἐν ὑμῖν. 6.1. Ἀδελφοί, ἐὰν καὶ προλημφθῇ ἄνθρωπος ἔν τινι παραπτώματι, ὑμεῖς οἱ πνευματικοὶ καταρτίζετε τὸν τοιοῦτον ἐν πνεύματι πραΰτητος, σκοπῶν σεαυτόν, μὴ καὶ σὺ πειρασθῇς. 6.2. Ἀλλήλων τὰ βάρη βαστάζετε, καὶ οὕτως ἀναπληρώσατε τὸν νόμον τοῦ χριστοῦ. 6.3. εἰ γὰρ δοκεῖ τις εἶναί τι μηδὲν ὤν, φρεναπατᾷ ἑαυτόν· 6.4. τὸ δὲ ἔργον ἑαυτοῦ δοκιμαζέτω [ἕκαστος], καὶ τότε εἰς ἑαυτὸν μόνον τὸ καύχημα ἕξει καὶ οὐκ εἰς τὸν ἕτερον, 6.6. Κοινωνείτω δὲ ὁ κατηχούμενος τὸν λόγον τῷ κατηχοῦντι ἐν πᾶσιν ἀγαθοῖς. 6.12. Ὅσοι θέλουσιν εὐπροσωπῆσαι ἐν σαρκί, οὗτοι ἀναγκάζουσιν ὑμᾶς περιτέμνεσθαι, μόνον ἵνα τῷ σταυρῷ τοῦ χριστοῦ [Ἰησοῦ] — μὴ διώκωνται· | 4.11. I am afraid for you, that I might havewasted my labor for you. 4.12. I beg you, brothers, become as I am,for I also have become as you are. You did me no wrong, 4.13. but youknow that because of weakness of the flesh I preached the gospel to youthe first time. 4.14. That which was a temptation to you in my flesh,you didn't despise nor reject; but you received me as an angel of God,even as Christ Jesus. 4.15. What was the blessing you enjoyed? For I testify to you that,if possible, you would have plucked out your eyes and given them to me. 4.16. So then, have I become your enemy by telling you the truth? 4.17. They zealously seek you in no good way. No, they desire toalienate you, that you may seek them. 4.18. But it is always good tobe zealous in a good cause, and not only when I am present with you. 4.19. My little children, of whom I am again in travail untilChrist is formed in you-- 4.20. but I could wish to be present withyou now, and to change my tone, for I am perplexed about you. 6.1. Brothers, even if a man is caught in some fault, you who arespiritual must restore such a one in a spirit of gentleness; looking toyourself so that you also aren't tempted. 6.2. Bear one another'sburdens, and so fulfill the law of Christ. 6.3. For if a man thinkshimself to be something when he is nothing, he deceives himself. 6.4. But let each man test his own work, and then he will take pride inhimself and not in his neighbor. 6.6. But let him who is taught in the word share all goodthings with him who teaches. 6.12. As many as desire to look good in the flesh, they compel you tobe circumcised; only that they may not be persecuted for the cross ofChrist. |
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25. New Testament, Colossians, 1.7 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •moral formation, frank criticism in Found in books: Allison (2020) 166| 1.7. καθὼς ἐμάθετε ἀπὸ Ἐπαφρᾶ τοῦ ἀγαπητοῦ συνδούλου ἡμῶν, ὅς ἐστιν πιστὸς ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν διάκονος τοῦ χριστοῦ, | 1.7. even as you learned of Epaphras our beloved fellow servant, who is a faithful minister of Christ on our behalf, |
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| 26. New Testament, Philemon, 7 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •moral formation, frank criticism in Found in books: Allison (2020) 165 |
| 27. New Testament, Jude, 15 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •moral formation, frank criticism in Found in books: Allison (2020) 167 |
28. New Testament, Acts, 18.25, 21.21 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •moral formation, frank criticism in Found in books: Allison (2020) 166| 18.25. οὗτος ἦν κατηχημένος τὴν ὁδὸν τοῦ κυρίου, καὶ ζέων τῷ πνεύματι ἐλάλει καὶ ἐδίδασκεν ἀκριβῶς τὰ περὶ τοῦ Ἰησοῦ, ἐπιστάμενος μόνον τὸ βάπτισμα Ἰωάνου. 21.21. κατηχήθησαν δὲ περὶ σοῦ ὅτι ἀποστασίαν διδάσκεις ἀπὸ Μωυσέως τοὺς κατὰ τὰ ἔθνη πάντας Ἰουδαίους, λέγων μὴ περιτέμνειν αὐτοὺς τὰ τέκνα μηδὲ τοῖς ἔθεσιν περιπατεῖν. | 18.25. This man had been instructed in the way of the Lord; and being fervent in spirit, he spoke and taught accurately the things concerning Jesus, although he knew only the baptism of John. 21.21. They have been informed about you, that you teach all the Jews who are among the Gentiles to forsake Moses, telling them not to circumcise their children neither to walk after the customs. |
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| 29. Seneca The Younger, On Leisure, 1.2, 1.5 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •frank criticism Found in books: Sorabji (2000) 218 |
30. New Testament, Matthew, 18.15, 18.26 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •moral formation, frank criticism in Found in books: Allison (2020) 167, 169| 18.15. Ἐὰν δὲ ἁμαρτήσῃ ὁ ἀδελφός σου, ὕπαγε ἔλεγξον αὐτὸν μεταξὺ σοῦ καὶ αὐτοῦ μόνου. ἐάν σου ἀκούσῃ, ἐκέρδησας τὸν ἀδελφόν σου· 18.26. πεσὼν οὖν ὁ δοῦλος προσεκύνει αὐτῷ λέγων Μακροθύμησον ἐπʼ ἐμοί, καὶ πάντα ἀποδώσω σοι. | 18.15. "If your brother sins against you, go, show him his fault between you and him alone. If he listens to you, you have gained back your brother. 18.26. The servant therefore fell down and kneeled before him, saying, 'Lord, have patience with me, and I will repay you all.' |
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31. New Testament, Luke, 3.19 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •moral formation, frank criticism in Found in books: Allison (2020) 167| 3.19. ὁ δὲ Ἡρῴδης ὁ τετραάρχης, ἐλεγχόμενος ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ περὶ Ἡρῳδιάδος τῆς γυναικὸς τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ αὐτοῦ καὶ περὶ πάντων ὧν ἐποίησεν πονηρῶν ὁ Ἡρῴδης, | 3.19. but Herod the tetrarch, being reproved by him for Herodias, his brother's wife, and for all the evil things which Herod had done, |
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32. New Testament, 2 Thessalonians, 2.17, 3.12 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •moral formation, frank criticism in Found in books: Allison (2020) 165| 2.17. παρακαλέσαι ὑμῶν τὰς καρδίας καὶ στηρίξαι ἐν παντὶ ἔργῳ καὶ λόγῳ ἀγαθῷ. 3.12. τοῖς δὲ τοιούτοις παραγγέλλομεν καὶ παρακαλοῦμεν ἐν κυρίῳ Ἰησοῦ Χριστῷ ἵνα μετὰ ἡσυχίας ἐργαζόμενοι τὸν ἑαυτῶν ἄρτον ἐσθίωσιν. | 2.17. comfort your hearts and establish you in every good work and word. 3.12. Now those who are that way, we command and exhort in the Lord Jesus Christ, that with quietness they work, and eat their own bread. |
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33. Plutarch, Alcibiades, 4.1-4.2 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •therapy, uses frank criticism Found in books: Graver (2007) 207| 4.1. ἤδη δὲ πολλῶν καὶ γενναίων ἀθροιζομένων καὶ περιεπόντων, οἱ μὲν ἄλλοι καταφανεῖς ἦσαν τὴν λαμπρότητα τῆς ὥρας ἐκπεπληγμένοι καὶ θεραπεύοντες, ὁ δὲ Σωκράτους ἔρως μέγα μαρτύριον ἦν τῆς ἀρετῆς καὶ εὐφυΐας τοῦ παιδός, ἣν ἐμφαινομένην τῷ εἴδει καὶ διαλάμπουσαν ἐνορῶν, φοβούμενος δὲ τὸν πλοῦτον καὶ τὸ ἀξίωμα καὶ τὸν προκαταλαμβάνοντα κολακείαις καὶ χάρισιν ἀστῶν καὶ ξένων καὶ συμμάχων ὄχλον, οἷος ἦν ἀμύνειν καὶ μὴ περιορᾶν ὡς φυτὸν ἐν ἄνθει τὸν οἰκεῖον καρπὸν ἀποβάλλον καὶ διαφθεῖρον. 4.2. οὐδένα γὰρ ἡ τύχη περιέσχεν ἔξωθεν καὶ περιέφραξε τοῖς λεγομένοις ἀγαθοῖς τοσοῦτον ὥστʼ ἄτρωτον ὑπὸ φιλοσοφίας γενέσθαι, καὶ λόγοις ἀπρόσιτον παρρησίαν καὶ δηγμὸν ἔχουσιν· ὡς Ἀλκιβιάδης εὐθὺς ἐξ ἀρχῆς θρυπτόμενος καὶ ἀποκλειόμενος ὑπὸ τῶν πρὸς χάριν ἐξομιλούντων εἰσακοῦσαι τοῦ νουθετοῦντος καὶ παιδεύοντος, ὅμως ὑπʼ εὐφυΐας ἐγνώρισε Σωκράτη καὶ προσήκατο, διασχὼν τοὺς πλουσίους καὶ ἐνδόξους ἐραστάς. | 4.1. It was not long before many men of high birth clustered about him and paid him their attentions. Most of them were plainly smitten with his brilliant youthful beauty and fondly courted him. But it was the love which Socrates had for him that bore strong testimony to the boy’s native excellence and good parts. These Socrates saw radiantly manifest in his outward person, and, fearful of the influence upon him of wealth and rank and the throng of citizens, foreigners and allies who sought to preempt his affections by flattery and favour, he was fain to protect him, and not suffer such a fair flowering plant to cast its native fruit to perdition. 4.2. For there is no man whom Fortune so envelops and compasses about with the so-called good things of life that he cannot be reached by the bold and caustic reasonings of philosophy, and pierced to the heart. And so it was that Alcibiades, although he was pampered from the very first, and was prevented by the companions who sought only to please him from giving ear to one who would instruct and train him, nevertheless, through the goodness of his parts, at last saw all that was in Socrates, and clave to him, putting away his rich and famous lovers. |
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| 34. Plutarch, Letter of Condolence To Apollonius, None (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •frank criticism •philodemus, epicurean, on frank criticism Found in books: Sorabji (2000) 196 |
| 35. Plutarch, On Hearing, None (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •frank criticism (parrēsia) Found in books: Gunderson (2022) 75 |
| 36. Plutarch, On Tranquility of Mind, None (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •frank criticism Found in books: Sorabji (2000) 233 |
| 37. Plutarch, On Moral Virtue, None (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •therapy, uses frank criticism Found in books: Graver (2007) 207 |
| 38. Plutarch, It Is Impossible To Live Pleasantly In The Manner of Epicurus, None (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Sorabji (2000) 233 |
39. New Testament, John, 11.19, 11.31 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •moral formation, frank criticism in Found in books: Allison (2020) 165| 11.19. πολλοὶ δὲ ἐκ τῶν Ἰουδαίων ἐληλύθεισαν πρὸς τὴν Μάρθαν καὶ Μαριὰμ ἵνα παραμυθήσωνται αὐτὰς περὶ τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ. 11.31. οἱ οὖν Ἰουδαῖοι οἱ ὄντες μετʼ αὐτῆς ἐν τῇ οἰκίᾳ καὶ παραμυθούμενοι αὐτήν, ἰδόντες τὴν Μαριὰμ ὅτι ταχέως ἀνέστη καὶ ἐξῆλθεν, ἠκολούθησαν αὐτῇ δόξαντες ὅτι ὑπάγει εἰς τὸ μνημεῖον ἵνα κλαύσῃ ἐκεῖ. | 11.19. Many of the Jews had joined the women around Martha and Mary, to console them concerning their brother. 11.31. Then the Jews who were with her in the house, and were consoling her, when they saw Mary, that she rose up quickly and went out, followed her, saying, "She is going to the tomb to weep there." |
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40. New Testament, 2 Corinthians, 1, 1.1-2.13, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 2, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.6, 3, 4, 4.2, 5, 5.13, 6, 7, 7.5, 7.6, 7.7, 7.8, 7.9, 7.10, 7.11, 7.12, 7.13, 7.14, 7.15, 7.16, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 13.11, 13.12, 13.13 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Allison (2020) 165| 1.3. Εὐλογητὸς ὁ θεὸς καὶ πατὴρ τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, ὁ πατὴρ τῶν οἰκτιρμῶν καὶ θεὸς πάσης παρακλήσεως, | |
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| 41. Plutarch, How A Man May Become Aware of His Progress In Virtue, None (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •frank criticism Found in books: Sorabji (2000) 218 |
42. New Testament, 1 Corinthians, None (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Allison (2020) 171, 186| 13.5. οὐκ ἀσχημονεῖ, οὐ ζητεῖ τὰ ἑαυτῆς, οὐ παροξύνεται, οὐ λογίζεται τὸ κακόν, | 13.5. doesn't behave itself inappropriately,doesn't seek its own way, is not provoked, takes no account of evil; |
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| 43. Seneca The Younger, Letters, 78.14-78.15 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •frank criticism Found in books: Sorabji (2000) 233 |
| 44. Epictetus, Discourses, 2.21, 3.22.81-3.22.82, 3.22.93, 3.22.96-3.22.97 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •frank criticism Found in books: Sorabji (2000) 218 |
| 45. Plutarch, How To Tell A Flatterer From A Friend, None (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •frank criticism Found in books: Sorabji (2000) 218 |
| 46. Martial, Epigrams, 5.78, 10.48, 10.48.21-10.48.22, 12.48.17-12.48.18 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •frank criticism (parrēsia) Found in books: Gunderson (2022) 150 |
| 47. Martial, Epigrams, 5.78, 10.48, 10.48.21-10.48.22, 12.48.17-12.48.18 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •frank criticism (parrēsia) Found in books: Gunderson (2022) 150 |
48. Ignatius, To The Philadelphians, 7.1 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •moral formation, frank criticism in Found in books: Allison (2020) 167 | 7.1. For even though certain persons desired to deceive me after the flesh, yet the spirit is not deceived, being from God; for it knoweth whence it cometh and where it goeth, and it searcheth out the hidden things. I cried out, when I was among you; I spake with a loud voice, with God's own voice, Give ye heed to the bishop and the presbytery and deacons. |
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49. Ignatius, To The Philadelphians, 7.1 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •moral formation, frank criticism in Found in books: Allison (2020) 167 | 7.1. For even though certain persons desired to deceive me after the flesh, yet the spirit is not deceived, being from God; for it knoweth whence it cometh and where it goeth, and it searcheth out the hidden things. I cried out, when I was among you; I spake with a loud voice, with God's own voice, Give ye heed to the bishop and the presbytery and deacons. |
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50. New Testament, 1 Thessalonians, 2.3, 2.12, 3.2, 4.1, 4.10, 4.13-4.18, 5.11, 5.14, 5.20-5.21 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Allison (2020) 7, 164, 165, 168, 169, 170, 171| 2.3. ἡ γὰρ παράκλησις ἡμῶν οὐκ ἐκ πλάνης οὐδὲ ἐξ ἀκαθαρσίας οὐδὲ ἐν δόλῳ, 2.12. παρακαλοῦντες ὑμᾶς καὶ παραμυθούμενοι καὶ μαρτυρόμενοι, εἰς τὸ περιπατεῖν ὑμᾶς ἀξίως τοῦ θεοῦ τοῦ καλοῦντος ὑμᾶς εἰς τὴν ἑαυτοῦ βασιλείαν καὶ δόξαν. 3.2. καὶ ἐπέμψαμεν Τιμό θεον, τὸν ἀδελφὸν ἡμῶν καὶ διάκονον τοῦ θεοῦ ἐν τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ τοῦ χριστοῦ, εἰς τὸ στηρίξαι ὑμᾶς καὶ παρακαλέσαιὑπὲρ τῆς πίστεως ὑμῶν 4.1. Λοιπὸν, ἀδελφοί, ἐρωτῶμεν ὑμᾶς καὶ παρακαλοῦ μεν ἐν κυρίῳ Ἰησοῦ, [ἵνα] καθὼς παρελάβετε παρʼ ἡμῶν τὸ πῶς δεῖ ὑμᾶς περιπατεῖν καὶ ἀρέσκειν θεῷ, καθὼς καὶ περιπατεῖτε,— ἵνα περισσεύητε μᾶλλον. 4.10. καὶ γὰρ ποιεῖτε αὐτὸ εἰς πάντας τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς [τοὺς] ἐν ὅλῃ τῇ Μακεδονίᾳ. Παρακαλοῦμεν δὲ ὑμᾶς, ἀδελφοί, περισσεύειν μᾶλλον, 4.13. Οὐ θέλομεν δὲ ὑμᾶς ἀγνοεῖν, ἀδελφοί, περὶ τῶν κοιμωμένων, ἵνα μὴ λυπῆσθε καθὼς καὶ οἱ λοιποὶ οἱ μὴ ἔχοντες ἐλπίδα. 4.14. εἰ γὰρ πιστεύομεν ὅτι Ἰησοῦς ἀπέθανεν καὶ ἀνέστη, οὕτως καὶ ὁ θεὸς τοὺς κοιμηθέντας διὰ τοῦ Ἰησοῦ ἄξει σὺν αὐτῷ. 4.15. Τοῦτο γὰρ ὑμῖν λέγομεν ἐν λόγῳ κυρίου, ὅτι ἡμεῖς οἱ ζῶντες οἱ περιλειπόμενοι εἰς τὴν παρουσίαν τοῦ κυρίου οὐ μὴ φθάσωμεν τοὺς κοιμηθέντας· 4.16. ὅτι αὐτὸς ὁ κύριος ἐν κελεύσματι, ἐν φωνῇ ἀρχαγγέλου καὶ ἐν σάλπιγγι θεοῦ, καταβήσεται ἀπʼ οὐρανοῦ, καὶ οἱ νεκροὶ ἐν Χριστῷ ἀναστήσονται πρῶτον, 4.17. ἔπειτα ἡμεῖς οἱ ζῶντες οἱ περιλειπόμενοι ἅμα σὺν αὐτοῖς ἁρπαγησόμεθα ἐν νεφέλαις εἰς ἀπάντησιν τοῦ κυρίου εἰς ἀέρα· καὶ οὕτως πάντοτε σὺν κυρίῳ ἐσόμεθα. 4.18. Ὥστε παρακαλεῖτε ἀλλήλους ἐν τοῖς λόγοις τούτοις. 5.11. Διὸ παρακαλεῖτε ἀλλήλους καὶ οἰκοδομεῖτε εἷς τὸν ἕνα, καθὼς καὶ ποιεῖτε. 5.14. εἰρηνεύετε ἐν ἑαυτοῖς. Παρακαλοῦμεν δὲ ὑμᾶς, ἀδελφοί, νουθετεῖτε τοὺς ἀτάκτους, παραμυθεῖσθε τοὺς ὀλιγοψύχους, ἀντέχεσθε τῶν ἀσθενῶν, μακροθυμεῖτε πρὸς πάντας. 5.20. προφητείας μὴ ἐξουθενεῖτε· 5.21. πάντα [δὲ] δοκιμάζετε, τὸ καλὸν κατέχετε, | 2.3. For our exhortation is not of error, nor of uncleanness, nor in deception. 2.12. to the end that you should walk worthily of God, who calls you into his own kingdom and glory. 3.2. and sent Timothy, our brother and God's servant in the gospel of Christ, to establish you, and to comfort you concerning your faith; 4.1. Finally then, brothers, we beg and exhort you in the Lord Jesus, that as you received from us how you ought to walk and to please God, that you abound more and more. 4.10. for indeed you do it toward all the brothers who are in all Macedonia. But we exhort you, brothers, that you abound more and more; 4.13. But we don't want you to be ignorant, brothers, concerning those who have fallen asleep, so that you don't grieve like the rest, who have no hope. 4.14. For if we believe that Jesus died and rose again, even so those who have fallen asleep in Jesus will God bring with him. 4.15. For this we tell you by the word of the Lord, that we who are alive, who are left to the coming of the Lord, will in no way precede those who have fallen asleep. 4.16. For the Lord himself will descend from heaven with a shout, with the voice of the archangel, and with God's trumpet. The dead in Christ will rise first, 4.17. then we who are alive, who are left, will be caught up together with them in the clouds, to meet the Lord in the air. So we will be with the Lord forever. 4.18. Therefore comfort one another with these words. 5.11. Therefore exhort one another, and build each other up, even as you also do. 5.14. We exhort you, brothers, admonish the disorderly, encourage the fainthearted, support the weak, be patient toward all. 5.20. Don't despise prophesies. 5.21. Test all things, and hold firmly that which is good. |
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| 51. Gellius, Attic Nights, None (2nd cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •frank criticism •philodemus, epicurean, on frank criticism Found in books: Sorabji (2000) 196 |
| 52. Apuleius, On Plato, 2.20.247 (2nd cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •frank criticism •philodemus, epicurean, on frank criticism Found in books: Sorabji (2000) 196 |
| 53. Alcinous, Handbook of Platonism, 30.184.20-30.184.36, 32.186.15-32.186.24 (2nd cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •frank criticism •philodemus, epicurean, on frank criticism Found in books: Sorabji (2000) 196 |
| 54. Maximus of Tyre, Dialexeis, 27.7 (2nd cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •frank criticism •philodemus, epicurean, on frank criticism Found in books: Sorabji (2000) 196 |
55. Diogenes Laertius, Lives of The Philosophers, None (3rd cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Sorabji (2000) 233 | 10.22. And when near his end he wrote the following letter to Idomeneus:On this blissful day, which is also the last of my life, I write this to you. My continual sufferings from strangury and dysentery are so great that nothing could augment them; but over against them all I set gladness of mind at the remembrance of our past conversations. But I would have you, as becomes your life-long attitude to me and to philosophy, watch over the children of Metrodorus.Such were the terms of his will.Among his disciples, of whom there were many, the following were eminent: Metrodorus, the son of Athenaeus (or of Timocrates) and of Sande, a citizen of Lampsacus, who from his first acquaintance with Epicurus never left him except once for six months spent on a visit to his native place, from which he returned to him again. |
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56. Augustine, Confessions, 4.4, 10.14, 10.21.30 (4th cent. CE - 5th cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •frank criticism Found in books: Sorabji (2000) 233 | 4.4. 7. In those years, when I first began to teach rhetoric in my native town, I had acquired a very dear friend, from association in our studies, of my own age, and, like myself, just rising up into the flower of youth. He had grown up with me from childhood, and we had been both classmates and playmates. But he was not then my friend, nor, indeed, afterwards, as true friendship is; for true it is not but in such as You bind together, cleaving unto You by that love which is shed abroad in our hearts by the Holy Ghost, which is given unto us. Romans 5:5 But yet it was too sweet, being ripened by the fervour of similar studies. For, from the true faith (which he, as a youth, had not soundly and thoroughly become master of), I had turned him aside towards those superstitious and pernicious fables which my mother mourned in me. With me this man's mind now erred, nor could my soul exist without him. But behold, You were close behind Your fugitives - at once God of vengeance and Fountain of mercies, who turnest us to Yourself by wondrous means. You removed that man from this life when he had scarce completed one whole year of my friendship, sweet to me above all the sweetness of that my life. 8. Who can show forth all Your praise which he has experienced in himself alone? What was it that Thou did then, O my God, and how unsearchable are the depths of Your judgments! For when, sore sick of a fever, he long lay unconscious in a death-sweat, and all despaired of his recovery, he was baptized without his knowledge; myself meanwhile little caring, presuming that his soul would retain rather what it had imbibed from me, than what was done to his unconscious body. Far different, however, was it, for he was revived and restored. Straightway, as soon as I could talk to him (which I could as soon as he was able, for I never left him, and we hung too much upon each other), I attempted to jest with him, as if he also would jest with me at that baptism which he had received when mind and senses were in abeyance, but had now learned that he had received. But he shuddered at me, as if I were his enemy; and, with a remarkable and unexpected freedom, admonished me, if I desired to continue his friend, to desist from speaking to him in such a way. I, confounded and confused, concealed all my emotions, till he should get well, and his health be strong enough to allow me to deal with him as I wished. But he was withdrawn from my frenzy, that with You he might be preserved for my comfort. A few days after, during my absence, he had a return of the fever, and died. 9. At this sorrow my heart was utterly darkened, and whatever I looked upon was death. My native country was a torture to me, and my father's house a wondrous unhappiness; and whatsoever I had participated in with him, wanting him, turned into a frightful torture. My eyes sought him everywhere, but he was not granted them; and I hated all places because he was not in them; nor could they now say to me, Behold; he is coming, as they did when he was alive and absent. I became a great puzzle to myself, and asked my soul why she was so sad, and why she so exceedingly disquieted me; but she knew not what to answer me. And if I said, Hope in God, she very properly obeyed me not; because that most dear friend whom she had lost was, being man, both truer and better than that phantasm she was bid to hope in. Naught but tears were sweet to me, and they succeeded my friend in the dearest of my affections. 10.14. 21. This same memory contains also the affections of my mind; not in the manner in which the mind itself contains them when it suffers them, but very differently according to a power peculiar to memory. For without being joyous, I remember myself to have had joy; and without being sad, I call to mind my past sadness; and that of which I was once afraid, I remember without fear; and without desire recall a former desire. Again, on the contrary, I at times remember when joyous my past sadness, and when sad my joy. Which is not to be wondered at as regards the body; for the mind is one thing, the body another. If I, therefore, when happy, recall some past bodily pain, it is not so strange a thing. But now, as this very memory itself is mind (for when we give orders to have a thing kept in memory, we say, See that you bear this in mind; and when we forget a thing, we say, It did not enter my mind, and, It slipped from my mind, thus calling the memory itself mind), as this is so, how comes it to pass that when being joyful I remember my past sorrow, the mind has joy, the memory sorrow - the mind, from the joy than is in it, is joyful, yet the memory, from the sadness that is in it, is not sad? Does not the memory perchance belong unto the mind? Who will say so? The memory doubtless is, so to say, the belly of the mind, and joy and sadness like sweet and bitter food, which, when entrusted to the memory, are, as it were, passed into the belly, where they can be reposited, but cannot taste. It is ridiculous to imagine these to be alike; and yet they are not utterly unlike. 22. But behold, out of my memory I educe it, when I affirm that there be four perturbations of the mind - desire, joy, fear, sorrow; and whatsoever I shall be able to dispute on these, by dividing each into its peculiar species, and by defining it, there I find what I may say, and thence I educe it; yet am I not disturbed by any of these perturbations when by remembering them I call them to mind; and before I recollected and reviewed them, they were there; wherefore by remembrance could they be brought thence. Perchance, then, even as meat is in ruminating brought up out of the belly, so by calling to mind are these educed from the memory. Why, then, does not the disputant, thus recollecting, perceive in the mouth of his meditation the sweetness of joy or the bitterness of sorrow? Is the comparison unlike in this because not like in all points? For who would willingly discourse on these subjects, if, as often as we name sorrow or fear, we should be compelled to be sorrowful or fearful? And yet we could never speak of them, did we not find in our memory not merely the sounds of the names, according to the images imprinted on it by the senses of the body, but the notions of the things themselves, which we never received by any door of the flesh, but which the mind itself, recognising by the experience of its own passions, entrusted to the memory, or else which the memory itself retained without their being entrusted to it. |
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| 57. Boethius, De Consolatione, None (5th cent. CE - 6th cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Sorabji (2000) 233 |
| 58. Stobaeus, Anthology, 3.20.53, 3.50 (5th cent. CE - 5th cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •frank criticism •philodemus, epicurean, on frank criticism Found in books: Sorabji (2000) 196 |
| 60. Epicurus, Letter To Herodotus, 36, 35 Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Sorabji (2000) 217 |
| 61. Epicurus, Letter To Menoeceus, 135 Tagged with subjects: •frank criticism •philodemus, epicurean, on frank criticism Found in books: Sorabji (2000) 217 |
| 62. Galen, De Indolentia, 7 Tagged with subjects: •frank criticism (parrēsia) Found in books: Gunderson (2022) 65 |
| 63. Andronicus, De Passionibus, 2 Tagged with subjects: •frank criticism (parrēsia) Found in books: Gunderson (2022) 65 |
| 64. Stobaeus, Eclogues, 2.92 Tagged with subjects: •frank criticism (parrēsia) Found in books: Gunderson (2022) 65 |
| 65. Diogenes Laërtius, Vitae Philosophorum, 7.111 Tagged with subjects: •frank criticism (parrēsia) Found in books: Gunderson (2022) 65 |
| 66. Simplicius of Cilicia, In Epictetum Commentaria, None (missingth cent. CE - 5th cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Sorabji (2000) 233 |
| 67. Philodemus, Anthologia Latina, 11.44.3-11.44.5 Tagged with subjects: •frank criticism (parrēsia) Found in books: Gunderson (2022) 150 |
| 68. Philodemus, On Conversation (Cronache Ercolanesi 5), None Tagged with subjects: •frank criticism Found in books: Sorabji (2000) 218 |
| 69. Lucilius, Fragments (Marx), 1331 Tagged with subjects: •frankness, contrasted with harsh criticism Found in books: Yona (2018) 74 |
