1. Septuagint, Tobit, 4.1-4.22, 11.18-11.19, 13.1-13.18, 14.15 (th cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Toloni (2022) 131, 200, 205 | 4.1. On that day Tobit remembered the money which he had left in trust with Gabael at Rages in Media, and he said to himself; 4.2. "I have asked for death. Why do I not call my son Tobias so that I may explain to him about the money before I die?" 4.3. So he called him and said, "My son, when I die, bury me, and do not neglect your mother. Honor her all the days of your life; do what is pleasing to her, and do not grieve her. 4.4. Remember, my son, that she faced many dangers for you while you were yet unborn. When she dies bury her beside me in the same grave. 4.5. Remember the Lord our God all your days, my son, and refuse to sin or to transgress his commandments. Live uprightly all the days of your life, and do not walk in the ways of wrongdoing. 4.6. For if you do what is true, your ways will prosper through your deeds. 4.7. Give alms from your possessions to all who live uprightly, and do not let your eye begrudge the gift when you make it. Do not turn your face away from any poor man, and the face of God will not be turned away from you. 4.8. If you have many possessions, make your gift from them in proportion; if few, do not be afraid to give according to the little you have. 4.9. So you will be laying up a good treasure for yourself against the day of necessity. 4.10. For charity delivers from death and keeps you from entering the darkness; 4.11. and for all who practice it charity is an excellent offering in the presence of the Most High. 4.12. Beware, my son, of all immorality. First of all take a wife from among the descendants of your fathers and do not marry a foreign woman, who is not of your fathers tribe; for we are the sons of the prophets. Remember, my son, that Noah, Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, our fathers of old, all took wives from among their brethren. They were blessed in their children, and their posterity will inherit the land. 4.13. So now, my son, love your brethren, and in your heart do not disdain your brethren and the sons and daughters of your people by refusing to take a wife for yourself from among them. For in pride there is ruin and great confusion; and in shiftlessness there is loss and great want, because shiftlessness is the mother of famine. 4.14. Do not hold over till the next day the wages of any man who works for you, but pay him at once; and if you serve God you will receive payment. "Watch yourself, my son, in everything you do, and be disciplined in all your conduct. 4.15. And what you hate, do not do to any one. Do not drink wine to excess or let drunkenness go with you on your way. 4.16. Give of your bread to the hungry, and of your clothing to the naked. Give all your surplus to charity, and do not let your eye begrudge the gift when you made it. 4.17. Place your bread on the grave of the righteous, but give none to sinners. 4.18. Seek advice from every wise man, and do not despise any useful counsel. 4.19. Bless the Lord God on every occasion; ask him that your ways may be made straight and that all your paths and plans may prosper. For none of the nations has understanding; but the Lord himself gives all good things, and according to his will he humbles whomever he wishes. "So, my son, remember my commands, and do not let them be blotted out of your mind. 4.20. And now let me explain to you about the ten talents of silver which I left in trust with Gabael the son of Gabrias at Rages in Media. 4.21. Do not be afraid, my son, because we have become poor. You have great wealth if you fear God and refrain from every sin and do what is pleasing in his sight." 11.18. Ahikar and his nephew Nadab came, 11.19. and Tobias marriage was celebrated for seven days with great festivity. 13.1. Then Tobit wrote a prayer of rejoicing, and said:"Blessed is God who lives for ever,and blessed is his kingdom. 13.2. For he afflicts, and he shows mercy;he leads down to Hades, and brings up again,and there is no one who can escape his hand. 13.3. Acknowledge him before the nations, O sons of Israel;for he has scattered us among them. 13.4. Make his greatness known there,and exalt him in the presence of all the living;because he is our Lord and God,he is our Father for ever. 13.5. He will afflict us for our iniquities;and again he will show mercy,and will gather us from all the nations among whom you have been scattered. 13.6. If you turn to him with all your heart and with all your soul,to do what is true before him,then he will turn to you and will not hide his face from you. But see what he will do with you;give thanks to him with your full voice. Praise the Lord of righteousness,and exalt the King of the ages. I give him thanks in the land of my captivity,and I show his power and majesty to a nation of sinners. Turn back, you sinners, and do right before him;who knows if he will accept you and have mercy on you? 13.7. I exalt my God;my soul exalts the King of heaven,and will rejoice in his majesty. 13.8. Let all men speak,and give him thanks in Jerusalem. 13.9. O Jerusalem, the holy city,he will afflict you for the deeds of your sons,but again he will show mercy to the sons of the righteous. 13.10. Give thanks worthily to the Lord,and praise the King of the ages,that his tent may be raised for you again with joy. May he cheer those within you who are captives,and love those within you who are distressed,to all generations for ever. 13.11. Many nations will come from afar to the name of the Lord God,bearing gifts in their hands, gifts for the King of heaven. Generations of generations will give you joyful praise. 13.12. Cursed are all who hate you;blessed for ever will be all who love you. 13.13. Rejoice and be glad for the sons of the righteous;for they will be gathered together,and will praise the Lord of the righteous. 13.14. How blessed are those who love you!They will rejoice in your peace. Blessed are those who grieved over all your afflictions;for they will rejoice for you upon seeing all your glory,and they will be made glad for ever. 13.15. Let my soul praise God the great King. 13.16. For Jerusalem will be built with sapphires and emeralds,her walls with precious stones,and her towers and battlements with pure gold. 13.17. The streets of Jerusalem will be paved with beryl and ruby and stones of Ophir; 13.18. all her lanes will cry `Hallelujah! and will give praise,saying, `Blessed is God, who has exalted you for ever." 14.15. But before he died he heard of the destruction of Nineveh, which Nebuchadnezzar and Ahasuerus had captured. Before his death he rejoiced over Nineveh. |
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2. Hebrew Bible, Psalms, 22.17, 22.21, 59.7, 59.15-59.16 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •food, eating and drinking Found in books: Toloni (2022) 55| 22.17. "כִּי סְבָבוּנִי כְּלָבִים עֲדַת מְרֵעִים הִקִּיפוּנִי כָּאֲרִי יָדַי וְרַגְלָי׃", 22.21. "הַצִּילָה מֵחֶרֶב נַפְשִׁי מִיַּד־כֶּלֶב יְחִידָתִי׃", 59.7. "יָשׁוּבוּ לָעֶרֶב יֶהֱמוּ כַכָּלֶב וִיסוֹבְבוּ עִיר׃", 59.15. "וְיָשׁוּבוּ לָעֶרֶב יֶהֱמוּ כַכָּלֶב וִיסוֹבְבוּ עִיר׃", 59.16. "הֵמָּה ינועון [יְנִיעוּן] לֶאֱכֹל אִם־לֹא יִשְׂבְּעוּ וַיָּלִינוּ׃", | 22.17. "For dogs have encompassed me; a company of evil-doers have inclosed me; like a lion, they are at my hands and my feet.", 22.21. "Deliver my soul from the sword; mine only one from the power of the dog.", 59.7. "They return at evening, they howl like a dog, and go round about the city.", 59.15. "And they return at evening, they howl like a dog, and go round about the city;", 59.16. "They wander up and down to devour, and tarry all night if they have not their fill.", |
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3. Hebrew Bible, Leviticus, 21.8 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •food and drink Found in books: Schiffman (1983) 194| 21.8. "וְקִדַּשְׁתּוֹ כִּי־אֶת־לֶחֶם אֱלֹהֶיךָ הוּא מַקְרִיב קָדֹשׁ יִהְיֶה־לָּךְ כִּי קָדוֹשׁ אֲנִי יְהוָה מְקַדִּשְׁכֶם׃", | 21.8. "Thou shalt sanctify him therefore; for he offereth the bread of thy God; he shall be holy unto thee; for I the LORD, who sanctify you, am holy.", |
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4. Hebrew Bible, Job, 30.1, 42.5 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Toloni (2022) 55, 206, 208| 30.1. "וְעַתָּה שָׂחֲקוּ עָלַי צְעִירִים מִמֶּנִּי לְיָמִים אֲשֶׁר־מָאַסְתִּי אֲבוֹתָם לָשִׁית עִם־כַּלְבֵי צֹאנִי׃", 30.1. "תִּעֲבוּנִי רָחֲקוּ מֶנִּי וּמִפָּנַי לֹא־חָשְׂכוּ רֹק׃", 42.5. "לְשֵׁמַע־אֹזֶן שְׁמַעְתִּיךָ וְעַתָּה עֵינִי רָאָתְךָ׃", | 30.1. "But now they that are younger than I have me in derision, Whose fathers I disdained to set with the dogs of my flock.", 42.5. "I had heard of Thee by the hearing of the ear; But now mine eye seeth Thee;", |
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| 5. Hebrew Bible, Genesis, 12-13, 15-36, 14 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Toloni (2022) 200 |
6. Hebrew Bible, Exodus, 11.7, 16.3, 22.30 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •food, eating and drinking •light and darkness, food and drink practices Found in books: Taylor and Hay (2020) 215; Toloni (2022) 55| 11.7. "וּלְכֹל בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל לֹא יֶחֱרַץ־כֶּלֶב לְשֹׁנוֹ לְמֵאִישׁ וְעַד־בְּהֵמָה לְמַעַן תֵּדְעוּן אֲשֶׁר יַפְלֶה יְהוָה בֵּין מִצְרַיִם וּבֵין יִשְׂרָאֵל׃", 16.3. "וַיִּשְׁבְּתוּ הָעָם בַּיּוֹם הַשְּׁבִעִי׃", 16.3. "וַיֹּאמְרוּ אֲלֵהֶם בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל מִי־יִתֵּן מוּתֵנוּ בְיַד־יְהוָה בְּאֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם בְּשִׁבְתֵּנוּ עַל־סִיר הַבָּשָׂר בְּאָכְלֵנוּ לֶחֶם לָשֹׂבַע כִּי־הוֹצֵאתֶם אֹתָנוּ אֶל־הַמִּדְבָּר הַזֶּה לְהָמִית אֶת־כָּל־הַקָּהָל הַזֶּה בָּרָעָב׃", | 11.7. "But against any of the children of Israel shall not a dog whet his tongue, against man or beast; that ye may know how that the LORD doth put a difference between the Egyptians and Israel.", 16.3. "and the children of Israel said unto them: ‘Would that we had died by the hand of the LORD in the land of Egypt, when we sat by the flesh-pots, when we did eat bread to the full; for ye have brought us forth into this wilderness, to kill this whole assembly with hunger.’", 22.30. "And ye shall be holy men unto Me; therefore ye shall not eat any flesh that is torn of beasts in the field; ye shall cast it to the dogs.", |
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7. Hebrew Bible, Deuteronomy, 23.19, 26.14 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •food, eating and drinking Found in books: Toloni (2022) 55, 131| 23.19. "לֹא־תָבִיא אֶתְנַן זוֹנָה וּמְחִיר כֶּלֶב בֵּית יְהוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ לְכָל־נֶדֶר כִּי תוֹעֲבַת יְהוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ גַּם־שְׁנֵיהֶם׃", 26.14. "לֹא־אָכַלְתִּי בְאֹנִי מִמֶּנּוּ וְלֹא־בִעַרְתִּי מִמֶּנּוּ בְּטָמֵא וְלֹא־נָתַתִּי מִמֶּנּוּ לְמֵת שָׁמַעְתִּי בְּקוֹל יְהוָה אֱלֹהָי עָשִׂיתִי כְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר צִוִּיתָנִי׃", | 23.19. "Thou shalt not bring the hire of a harlot, or the price of a dog, into the house of the LORD thy God for any vow; for even both these are an abomination unto the LORD thy God. .", 26.14. "I have not eaten thereof in my mourning, neither have I put away thereof, being unclean, nor given thereof for the dead; I have hearkened to the voice of the LORD my God, I have done according to all that Thou hast commanded me.", |
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| 8. Homer, Odyssey, 2.11, 17.62 (8th cent. BCE - 7th cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Toloni (2022) 55 |
9. Homer, Iliad, 22.69, 23.173 (8th cent. BCE - 7th cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •food, eating and drinking Found in books: Toloni (2022) 55 | 22.69. / being haled away beneath the deadly hands of the Achaeans. Myself then last of all at the entering in of my door shall ravening dogs rend, when some man by thrust or cast of the sharp bronze hath reft my limbs of life—even the dogs that in my halls I reared at my table to guard my door, 23.173. / And thereon he set two-handled jars of honey and oil, leaning them against the bier; and four horses with high arched neeks he cast swiftly upon the pyre, groaning aloud the while. Nine dogs had the prince, that fed beneath his table, and of these did Achilles cut the throats of twain, and cast them upon the pyre. |
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10. Hebrew Bible, Jeremiah, 15.3, 16.7 (8th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •food, eating and drinking Found in books: Toloni (2022) 55, 131| 15.3. "וּפָקַדְתִּי עֲלֵיהֶם אַרְבַּע מִשְׁפָּחוֹת נְאֻם־יְהוָה אֶת־הַחֶרֶב לַהֲרֹג וְאֶת־הַכְּלָבִים לִסְחֹב וְאֶת־עוֹף הַשָּׁמַיִם וְאֶת־בֶּהֱמַת הָאָרֶץ לֶאֱכֹל וּלְהַשְׁחִית׃", 16.7. "וְלֹא־יִפְרְסוּ לָהֶם עַל־אֵבֶל לְנַחֲמוֹ עַל־מֵת וְלֹא־יַשְׁקוּ אוֹתָם כּוֹס תַּנְחוּמִים עַל־אָבִיו וְעַל־אִמּוֹ׃", | 15.3. "And I will appoint over them four kinds, saith the LORD: the sword to slay, and the dogs to drag, and the fowls of the heaven, and the beasts of the earth, to devour and to destroy.", 16.7. "neither shall men break bread for them in mourning, to comfort them for the dead; neither shall men give them the cup of consolation to drink for their father or for their mother.", |
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11. Hebrew Bible, Isaiah, 56.10 (8th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •food, eating and drinking Found in books: Toloni (2022) 55 | 56.10. "His watchmen are all blind, Without knowledge; They are all dumb dogs, They cannot bark; Raving, lying down, loving to slumber.", |
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12. Hebrew Bible, 2 Samuel, 9.8, 16.9 (8th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •food, eating and drinking Found in books: Toloni (2022) 55| 9.8. "וַיִּשְׁתַּחוּ וַיֹּאמֶר מֶה עַבְדֶּךָ כִּי פָנִיתָ אֶל־הַכֶּלֶב הַמֵּת אֲשֶׁר כָּמוֹנִי׃", 16.9. "וַיֹּאמֶר אֲבִישַׁי בֶּן־צְרוּיָה אֶל־הַמֶּלֶךְ לָמָּה יְקַלֵּל הַכֶּלֶב הַמֵּת הַזֶּה אֶת־אֲדֹנִי הַמֶּלֶךְ אֶעְבְּרָה־נָּא וְאָסִירָה אֶת־רֹאשׁוֹ׃", | 9.8. "And he bowed himself, and said, What is thy servant, that thou shouldst look upon such a dead dog as I am?", 16.9. "Then said Avishay the son of Żeruya to the king, Why should this dead dog curse my lord the king? let me go over, I pray thee, and take off his head.", |
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13. Hebrew Bible, 2 Kings, 8.13, 9.10, 9.36, 23.7 (8th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •food, eating and drinking Found in books: Toloni (2022) 55| 8.13. "וַיֹּאמֶר חֲזָהאֵל כִּי מָה עַבְדְּךָ הַכֶּלֶב כִּי יַעֲשֶׂה הַדָּבָר הַגָּדוֹל הַזֶּה וַיֹּאמֶר אֱלִישָׁע הִרְאַנִי יְהוָה אֹתְךָ מֶלֶךְ עַל־אֲרָם׃", 9.36. "וַיָּשֻׁבוּ וַיַּגִּידוּ לוֹ וַיֹּאמֶר דְּבַר־יְהוָה הוּא אֲשֶׁר דִּבֶּר בְּיַד־עַבְדּוֹ אֵלִיָּהוּ הַתִּשְׁבִּי לֵאמֹר בְּחֵלֶק יִזְרְעֶאל יֹאכְלוּ הַכְּלָבִים אֶת־בְּשַׂר אִיזָבֶל׃", 23.7. "וַיִּתֹּץ אֶת־בָּתֵּי הַקְּדֵשִׁים אֲשֶׁר בְּבֵית יְהוָה אֲשֶׁר הַנָּשִׁים אֹרְגוֹת שָׁם בָּתִּים לָאֲשֵׁרָה׃", | 8.13. "And Hazael said: ‘But what is thy servant, who is but a dog, that he should do this great thing?’ And Elisha answered: ‘The LORD hath shown me that thou shalt be king over Aram.’", 9.10. "And the dogs shall eat Jezebel in the portion of Jezreel, and there shall be none to bury her.’ And he opened the door, and fled.", 9.36. "Wherefore they came back, and told him. And he said: ‘This is the word of the LORD, which He spoke by His servant Elijah the Tishbite, saying: In the portion of Jezreel shall the dogs eat the flesh of Jezebel;", 23.7. "And he broke down the houses of the sodomites, that were in the house of the LORD, where the women wove coverings for the Asherah.", |
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14. Hesiod, Works And Days, 338-339 (8th cent. BCE - 7th cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Taylor and Hay (2020) 181 | 339. Quite often, when his mind in cloudine |
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15. Hebrew Bible, 1 Kings, 14.11, 14.24, 16.4, 21.19, 21.23-21.24, 22.47 (8th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •food, eating and drinking Found in books: Toloni (2022) 55| 14.11. "הַמֵּת לְיָרָבְעָם בָּעִיר יֹאכְלוּ הַכְּלָבִים וְהַמֵּת בַּשָּׂדֶה יֹאכְלוּ עוֹף הַשָּׁמָיִם כִּי יְהוָה דִּבֵּר׃", 14.24. "וְגַם־קָדֵשׁ הָיָה בָאָרֶץ עָשׂוּ כְּכֹל הַתּוֹעֲבֹת הַגּוֹיִם אֲשֶׁר הוֹרִישׁ יְהוָה מִפְּנֵי בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל׃", 16.4. "הַמֵּת לְבַעְשָׁא בָּעִיר יֹאכְלוּ הַכְּלָבִים וְהַמֵּת לוֹ בַּשָּׂדֶה יֹאכְלוּ עוֹף הַשָּׁמָיִם׃", 21.19. "וְדִבַּרְתָּ אֵלָיו לֵאמֹר כֹּה אָמַר יְהוָה הֲרָצַחְתָּ וְגַם־יָרָשְׁתָּ וְדִבַּרְתָּ אֵלָיו לֵאמֹר כֹּה אָמַר יְהוָה בִּמְקוֹם אֲשֶׁר לָקְקוּ הַכְּלָבִים אֶת־דַּם נָבוֹת יָלֹקּוּ הַכְּלָבִים אֶת־דָּמְךָ גַּם־אָתָּה׃", 21.23. "וְגַם־לְאִיזֶבֶל דִּבֶּר יְהוָה לֵאמֹר הַכְּלָבִים יֹאכְלוּ אֶת־אִיזֶבֶל בְּחֵל יִזְרְעֶאל׃", 21.24. "הַמֵּת לְאַחְאָב בָּעִיר יֹאכְלוּ הַכְּלָבִים וְהַמֵּת בַּשָּׂדֶה יֹאכְלוּ עוֹף הַשָּׁמָיִם׃", 22.47. "וְיֶתֶר הַקָּדֵשׁ אֲשֶׁר נִשְׁאַר בִּימֵי אָסָא אָבִיו בִּעֵר מִן־הָאָרֶץ׃", | 14.11. "Him that dieth of Jeroboam in the city shall the dogs eat; and him that dieth in the field shall the fowls of the air eat; for the LORD hath spoken it.", 14.24. "and there were also sodomites in the land; they did according to all the abominations of the nations which the LORD drove out before the children of Israel. .", 16.4. "Him that dieth of Baasa in the city shall the dogs eat; and him that dieth of his in the field shall the fowls of the air eat.’", 21.19. "And thou shalt speak unto him, saying: Thus saith the LORD: Hast thou killed, and also taken possessions? and thou shalt speak unto him, saying: Thus saith the LORD: In the place where dogs licked the blood of Naboth shall dogs lick thy blood, even thine.’", 21.23. "And of Jezebel also spoke the LORD, saying: The dogs shall eat Jezebel in the moat of Jezreel.", 21.24. "Him that dieth of Ahab in the city the dogs shall eat; and him that dieth in the field shall the fowls of the air eat.’", 22.47. "And the remt of the sodomites that remained in the days of his father Asa, he put away out of the land.", |
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16. Hebrew Bible, 1 Samuel, 17.43, 24.15 (8th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •food, eating and drinking Found in books: Toloni (2022) 55| 17.43. "וַיֹּאמֶר הַפְּלִשְׁתִּי אֶל־דָּוִד הֲכֶלֶב אָנֹכִי כִּי־אַתָּה בָא־אֵלַי בַּמַּקְלוֹת וַיְקַלֵּל הַפְּלִשְׁתִּי אֶת־דָּוִד בֵּאלֹהָיו׃", 24.15. "אַחֲרֵי מִי יָצָא מֶלֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵל אַחֲרֵי מִי אַתָּה רֹדֵף אַחֲרֵי כֶּלֶב מֵת אַחֲרֵי פַּרְעֹשׁ אֶחָד׃", | 17.43. "And the Pelishtian said to David, Am I a dog, that thou comest to me with sticks? And the Pelishtian cursed David by his gods.", 24.15. "After whom is the king of Yisra᾽el come out? after whom dost thou pursue? after a dead dog, after a single flea.", |
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17. Hebrew Bible, Ezekiel, 24.17 (6th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •food, eating and drinking Found in books: Toloni (2022) 131| 24.17. "הֵאָנֵק דֹּם מֵתִים אֵבֶל לֹא־תַעֲשֶׂה פְאֵרְךָ חֲבוֹשׁ עָלֶיךָ וּנְעָלֶיךָ תָּשִׂים בְּרַגְלֶיךָ וְלֹא תַעְטֶה עַל־שָׂפָם וְלֶחֶם אֲנָשִׁים לֹא תֹאכֵל׃", | 24.17. "Sigh in silence; make no mourning for the dead, bind thy headtire upon thee, and put thy shoes upon thy feet, and cover not thine upper lip, and eat not the bread of men.’", |
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| 18. Theognis, Elegies, 211-212 (6th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Jouanna (2012) 183 |
| 19. Pherecrates, Fragments, None (5th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •athenaeus, quoting pherecrates on food and drink at festivals •pherecrates, on food and drink at festivals Found in books: Cosgrove (2022) 243 |
| 20. Pherecrates, Fragments, None (5th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •athenaeus, quoting pherecrates on food and drink at festivals •pherecrates, on food and drink at festivals Found in books: Cosgrove (2022) 243 |
21. Plato, Laws, None (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •light and darkness, food and drink practices Found in books: Taylor and Hay (2020) 181| 887e. ὅτι μάλιστα οὖσιν θεοῖς εὐχαῖς προσδιαλεγομένους καὶ ἱκετείαις, ἀνατέλλοντός τε ἡλίου καὶ σελήνης καὶ πρὸς δυσμὰς ἰόντων προκυλίσεις ἅμα καὶ προσκυνήσεις ἀκούοντές τε καὶ ὁρῶντες Ἑλλήνων τε καὶ βαρβάρων πάντων ἐν συμφοραῖς παντοίαις ἐχομένων καὶ ἐν εὐπραγίαις, οὐχ ὡς οὐκ ὄντων ἀλλʼ ὡς ὅτι μάλιστα ὄντων καὶ οὐδαμῇ ὑποψίαν ἐνδιδόντων ὡς οὐκ εἰσὶν θεοί— ΑΘ. τούτων δὴ πάντων ὅσοι καταφρονήσαντες οὐδὲ ἐξ ἑνὸς ἱκανοῦ λόγου, ὡς φαῖεν ἂν ὅσοι καὶ σμικρὸν νοῦ κέκτηνται, νῦν ἀναγκάζουσιν ἡμᾶς λέγειν ἃ λέγομεν, | 887e. they heard and saw the prostrations and devotions of all the Greeks and barbarians, under all conditions of adversity and prosperity, directed to these luminaries, not as though they were not gods, but as though they most certainly were gods beyond the shadow of a doubt— Ath. all this evidence is contemned by these people, and that for no sufficient reason, as everyone endowed with a grain of sense would affirm; and so they are now forcing us to enter on our present argument. |
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22. Plato, Timaeus, None (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Taylor and Hay (2020) 182| 47a. δεδώρηται, μετὰ τοῦτο ῥητέον. ὄψις δὴ κατὰ τὸν ἐμὸν λόγον αἰτία τῆς μεγίστης ὠφελίας γέγονεν ἡμῖν, ὅτι τῶν νῦν λόγων περὶ τοῦ παντὸς λεγομένων οὐδεὶς ἄν ποτε ἐρρήθη μήτε ἄστρα μήτε ἥλιον μήτε οὐρανὸν ἰδόντων. νῦν δʼ ἡμέρα τε καὶ νὺξ ὀφθεῖσαι μῆνές τε καὶ ἐνιαυτῶν περίοδοι καὶ ἰσημερίαι καὶ τροπαὶ μεμηχάνηνται μὲν ἀριθμόν, χρόνου δὲ ἔννοιαν περί τε τῆς τοῦ παντὸς φύσεως ζήτησιν ἔδοσαν· ἐξ ὧν | 47a. benefit effected by them, for the sake of which God bestowed them upon us. Vision, in my view, is the cause of the greatest benefit to us, inasmuch as none of the accounts now given concerning the Universe would ever have been given if men had not seen the stars or the sun or the heaven. But as it is, the vision of day and night and of months and circling years has created the art of number and has given us not only the notion of Time but also means of research into the nature of the Universe. From these we have procured Philosophy in all its range, |
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| 23. Hippocrates, Diseases, None (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: nan nan nan nan nan nan |
| 24. Hippocrates, The Aphorism, None (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: nan nan |
| 25. Hippocrates, On The Diet of Acute Diseases, None (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Jouanna (2012) 195 |
| 26. Hippocrates, On Regimen In Acute Diseases, None (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: nan nan |
| 27. Philochorus, Fragments, 328 171 (4th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •athenaeus, quoting pherecrates on food and drink at festivals •pherecrates, on food and drink at festivals Found in books: Cosgrove (2022) 243 |
28. Septuagint, Tobit, 4.1-4.22, 11.18-11.19, 13.1-13.18, 14.15 (4th cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Toloni (2022) 131, 200, 205 | 4.1. On that day Tobit remembered the money which he had left in trust with Gabael at Rages in Media, and he said to himself; 4.2. "I have asked for death. Why do I not call my son Tobias so that I may explain to him about the money before I die?" 4.3. So he called him and said, "My son, when I die, bury me, and do not neglect your mother. Honor her all the days of your life; do what is pleasing to her, and do not grieve her. 4.4. Remember, my son, that she faced many dangers for you while you were yet unborn. When she dies bury her beside me in the same grave. 4.5. Remember the Lord our God all your days, my son, and refuse to sin or to transgress his commandments. Live uprightly all the days of your life, and do not walk in the ways of wrongdoing. 4.6. For if you do what is true, your ways will prosper through your deeds. 4.7. Give alms from your possessions to all who live uprightly, and do not let your eye begrudge the gift when you make it. Do not turn your face away from any poor man, and the face of God will not be turned away from you. 4.8. If you have many possessions, make your gift from them in proportion; if few, do not be afraid to give according to the little you have. 4.9. So you will be laying up a good treasure for yourself against the day of necessity. 4.10. For charity delivers from death and keeps you from entering the darkness; 4.11. and for all who practice it charity is an excellent offering in the presence of the Most High. 4.12. Beware, my son, of all immorality. First of all take a wife from among the descendants of your fathers and do not marry a foreign woman, who is not of your fathers tribe; for we are the sons of the prophets. Remember, my son, that Noah, Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, our fathers of old, all took wives from among their brethren. They were blessed in their children, and their posterity will inherit the land. 4.13. So now, my son, love your brethren, and in your heart do not disdain your brethren and the sons and daughters of your people by refusing to take a wife for yourself from among them. For in pride there is ruin and great confusion; and in shiftlessness there is loss and great want, because shiftlessness is the mother of famine. 4.14. Do not hold over till the next day the wages of any man who works for you, but pay him at once; and if you serve God you will receive payment. "Watch yourself, my son, in everything you do, and be disciplined in all your conduct. 4.15. And what you hate, do not do to any one. Do not drink wine to excess or let drunkenness go with you on your way. 4.16. Give of your bread to the hungry, and of your clothing to the naked. Give all your surplus to charity, and do not let your eye begrudge the gift when you made it. 4.17. Place your bread on the grave of the righteous, but give none to sinners. 4.18. Seek advice from every wise man, and do not despise any useful counsel. 4.19. Bless the Lord God on every occasion; ask him that your ways may be made straight and that all your paths and plans may prosper. For none of the nations has understanding; but the Lord himself gives all good things, and according to his will he humbles whomever he wishes. "So, my son, remember my commands, and do not let them be blotted out of your mind. 4.20. And now let me explain to you about the ten talents of silver which I left in trust with Gabael the son of Gabrias at Rages in Media. 4.21. Do not be afraid, my son, because we have become poor. You have great wealth if you fear God and refrain from every sin and do what is pleasing in his sight." 11.18. Ahikar and his nephew Nadab came, 11.19. and Tobias marriage was celebrated for seven days with great festivity. 13.1. Then Tobit wrote a prayer of rejoicing, and said:"Blessed is God who lives for ever,and blessed is his kingdom. 13.2. For he afflicts, and he shows mercy;he leads down to Hades, and brings up again,and there is no one who can escape his hand. 13.3. Acknowledge him before the nations, O sons of Israel;for he has scattered us among them. 13.4. Make his greatness known there,and exalt him in the presence of all the living;because he is our Lord and God,he is our Father for ever. 13.5. He will afflict us for our iniquities;and again he will show mercy,and will gather us from all the nations among whom you have been scattered. 13.6. If you turn to him with all your heart and with all your soul,to do what is true before him,then he will turn to you and will not hide his face from you. But see what he will do with you;give thanks to him with your full voice. Praise the Lord of righteousness,and exalt the King of the ages. I give him thanks in the land of my captivity,and I show his power and majesty to a nation of sinners. Turn back, you sinners, and do right before him;who knows if he will accept you and have mercy on you? 13.7. I exalt my God;my soul exalts the King of heaven,and will rejoice in his majesty. 13.8. Let all men speak,and give him thanks in Jerusalem. 13.9. O Jerusalem, the holy city,he will afflict you for the deeds of your sons,but again he will show mercy to the sons of the righteous. 13.10. Give thanks worthily to the Lord,and praise the King of the ages,that his tent may be raised for you again with joy. May he cheer those within you who are captives,and love those within you who are distressed,to all generations for ever. 13.11. Many nations will come from afar to the name of the Lord God,bearing gifts in their hands, gifts for the King of heaven. Generations of generations will give you joyful praise. 13.12. Cursed are all who hate you;blessed for ever will be all who love you. 13.13. Rejoice and be glad for the sons of the righteous;for they will be gathered together,and will praise the Lord of the righteous. 13.14. How blessed are those who love you!They will rejoice in your peace. Blessed are those who grieved over all your afflictions;for they will rejoice for you upon seeing all your glory,and they will be made glad for ever. 13.15. Let my soul praise God the great King. 13.16. For Jerusalem will be built with sapphires and emeralds,her walls with precious stones,and her towers and battlements with pure gold. 13.17. The streets of Jerusalem will be paved with beryl and ruby and stones of Ophir; 13.18. all her lanes will cry `Hallelujah! and will give praise,saying, `Blessed is God, who has exalted you for ever." 14.15. But before he died he heard of the destruction of Nineveh, which Nebuchadnezzar and Ahasuerus had captured. Before his death he rejoiced over Nineveh. |
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| 29. Aristotle, Problems, 3.1, 3.6 (4th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •catalogue, of foods and drinks Found in books: Jouanna (2012) 179 |
| 30. Septuagint, Wisdom of Solomon, 30.18 (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •food, eating and drinking Found in books: Toloni (2022) 131 |
31. Septuagint, Ecclesiasticus (Siracides), 30.18 (2nd cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •food, eating and drinking Found in books: Toloni (2022) 131 | 30.18. Good things poured out upon a mouth that is closed are like offerings of food placed upon a grave. |
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32. Hebrew Bible, Daniel, 6.11 (2nd cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •light and darkness, food and drink practices Found in books: Taylor and Hay (2020) 181| 6.11. "וְדָנִיֵּאל כְּדִי יְדַע דִּי־רְשִׁים כְּתָבָא עַל לְבַיְתֵהּ וְכַוִּין פְּתִיחָן לֵהּ בְּעִלִּיתֵהּ נֶגֶד יְרוּשְׁלֶם וְזִמְנִין תְּלָתָה בְיוֹמָא הוּא בָּרֵךְ עַל־בִּרְכוֹהִי וּמְצַלֵּא וּמוֹדֵא קֳדָם אֱלָהֵהּ כָּל־קֳבֵל דִּי־הֲוָא עָבֵד מִן־קַדְמַת דְּנָה׃", | 6.11. "And when Daniel knew that the writing was signed, he went into his house—now his windows were open in his upper chamber toward Jerusalem—and he kneeled upon his knees three times a day, and prayed, and gave thanks before his God, as he did aforetime.", |
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33. Anon., Jubilees, 6.14 (2nd cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •light and darkness, food and drink practices Found in books: Taylor and Hay (2020) 181 | 6.14. And Noah and his sons swore that they would not eat any blood that was in any flesh, |
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| 34. Dead Sea Scrolls, War Scroll, 14.12-14.14 (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •light and darkness, food and drink practices Found in books: Taylor and Hay (2020) 181 |
| 35. Dead Sea Scrolls, Hodayot, 20.4-20.7 (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •light and darkness, food and drink practices Found in books: Taylor and Hay (2020) 181 |
| 36. Dead Sea Scrolls, of Discipline, 6.3-6.5, 6.13-6.23 (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •food and drink Found in books: Schiffman (1983) 192, 194 |
37. Philo of Alexandria, On Dreams, 1.153, 2.139 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •light and darkness, food and drink practices Found in books: Taylor and Hay (2020) 181, 232 | 1.153. There is also in this dream another sort of similitude or comparison apparent, which must not be passed over in silence; the affairs of mankind are naturally compared to a ladder, on account of their irregular motion and progress: 2.139. Shall I then, says he, I, that is to say, right reason, come to you? And shall the soul, which is both the mother and nurse of the company devoted to learning virtuous instruction, also come to thee? |
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38. Philo of Alexandria, On The Sacrifices of Cain And Abel, 111 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •light and darkness, food and drink practices Found in books: Taylor and Hay (2020) 182 | 111. And in another passage it is said, "My gifts, and my offerings, and my sacrifices, ye will take care to offer to me at my festivals:" not taking away form them, nor dividing them, but bringing them forward full, and entire, and perfect; for the feast of the soul is cheerfulness in perfect virtues; and the perfect virtues are all those which the human race exhibits, free from all stain or spot. But the wise man alone can keep such a festival as this, and no other human being; for it is a most rare thing to find a soul which has never tasted of wickedness of passions. XXXIV. |
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39. Philo of Alexandria, On Curses, 36 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •light and darkness, food and drink practices Found in books: Taylor and Hay (2020) 182 | 36. For if man is the measure of all things, then, also, all things are a grace and a free gift of the mind; so that we refer to the eye the grace of sight, to the ears that of hearing, and to each of the other external senses their appropriate object, and also to the speech and utterance do we attribute the power of speaking. And if we judge in this manner of these things, so also do we with respect to intelligence, in which ten thousand things are comprised, such as thoughts, perceptions, designs, meditations, conceptions, sciences, arts, dispositions, and a number of other faculties almost incalculable. |
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40. Philo of Alexandria, On The Migration of Abraham, 3 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •light and darkness, food and drink practices Found in books: Taylor and Hay (2020) 182 | 3. Because the body derives its composition from the earth, and is again dissolved into earth; and Moses is a witness of this when he says, "Dust thou art, and unto dust shalt thou Return." For he says, that man was compounded by God fashioning a lump of clay into the form of a man; and it follows of necessity that, a composite being, when dissolved, must be dissolved into its component parts. But the outward sense in nearly connected with and akin to the mind, the irrational part to the rational, since they are both parts of one soul; but speech is the abode of the father, because our father is the mind, which implants in each of its parts its own powers, and distributes its energies among them, undertaking the care and superintendence of them all; and the abode in which it dwells is speech, a dwelling separated from the rest of the house; for as the hearth is the abode of a man, so is speech of the mind: |
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| 41. Philo of Alexandria, On The Life of Joseph, 104 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •light and darkness, food and drink practices Found in books: Taylor and Hay (2020) 182 |
42. Philo of Alexandria, On Flight And Finding, 68, 70-72, 69 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Taylor and Hay (2020) 182 | 69. Here, therefore, the Father is conversing with his own powers, to whom he has assigned the task of making the mortal part of our soul, acting in imitation of his own skill while he was fashioning the rational part within us, thinking it right that the domit part within the soul should be the work of the Ruler of all things, but that the part which is to be kept in subjection should be made by those who are subject to him. |
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43. Philo of Alexandria, On The Confusion of Tongues, 143 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •light and darkness, food and drink practices Found in books: Taylor and Hay (2020) 182 | 143. But we must not suppose that such a plain and unquestionable fact as that, is what is intended to be conveyed by the mention of it in the holy scriptures, but rather there is some hidden meaning concealed under these apparently plain words which we must trace out. |
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44. Philo of Alexandria, On Husbandry, 119 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •light and darkness, food and drink practices Found in books: Taylor and Hay (2020) 232 | 119. Therefore the Olympian contest is the only one that justly deserves to be called sacred; meaning by this, not that which the inhabitants of Elis celebrate, but that which is instituted for the acquisition of the divine, and Olympian, and genuine virtues. Now, as competitors in this contest, all those have their names inscribed who are very weak in their bodies, but very vigorous in their souls; and then, having stripped off their clothes, and smeared themselves in the dust, they do all those actions which belong to skill and to power, omitting nothing which may conduce to their gaining the victory. |
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45. Philo of Alexandria, On The Virtues, 218, 193 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Taylor and Hay (2020) 232 | 193. And the truth of this assertion of mine is easy to be seen from other circumstances also. What good could it ever be to any man that his ancestors had been endowed with ever such great acuteness of vision if he himself were deprived of his eyes? How could that fact assist him to see? Or again, supposing a person to have an impediment in his speech, how would his utterance be assisted by the fact that his parents or his grandfathers had had fine voices? And how will a man who has been emaciated and exhausted by a long and wasting disease, be assisted to recover his former strength, if the original founders of his race are, on account of their strength as athletes, enrolled among the Olympic conquerors, or the victors at any other periodical games? For their bodily infirmities will equally remain in the same condition as before, not receiving any amelioration from the successes of their relations. |
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46. Philo of Alexandria, On The Special Laws, 1.24 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •light and darkness, food and drink practices Found in books: Taylor and Hay (2020) 181 | 1.24. And all the poor men that are possessed of that terrible disease, the love of money, but who, from not having any riches of their own which they can think worthy of their attention, fix their admiration on the wealth of their neighbours, and, for the purpose of offering adoration to it, come the first thing in the morning to the houses of those who have abundance, as if they were noble temples at which they were going to offer prayers, and to entreat blessings from their owners as if from the gods. |
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47. Philo of Alexandria, That Every Good Person Is Free, 26, 91, 96, 88 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Taylor and Hay (2020) 182 | 88. Such diligent practisers of virtue does philosophy, unconnected with any superfluous care of examining into Greek names render men, proposing to them as necessary exercises to train them towards its attainment, all praiseworthy actions by which a freedom, which can never be enslaved, is firmly established. |
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48. Philo of Alexandria, On The Contemplative Life, 24-28, 30-31, 33-38, 40-63, 68-90, 67 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Taylor and Hay (2020) 204, 206 | 67. and after having offered up these prayers the elders sit down to meat, still observing the order in which they were previously arranged, for they do not look on those as elders who are advanced in years and very ancient, but in some cases they esteem those as very young men, if they have attached themselves to this sect only lately, but those whom they call elders are those who from their earliest infancy have grown up and arrived at maturity in the speculative portion of philosophy, which is the most beautiful and most divine part of it. |
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| 49. Philo of Alexandria, Hypothetica, 11.11 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •light and darkness, food and drink practices Found in books: Taylor and Hay (2020) 215 |
50. Philo of Alexandria, Against Flaccus, 4 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •light and darkness, food and drink practices Found in books: Taylor and Hay (2020) 206 | 4. However, all those things in which he displayed an admirable system and great wisdom concerning the accounts and the general arrangement of the revenues of the land, though they were serious matters and of the last importance, were nevertheless not such as gave any proofs of a soul fit for the task of governing; but those things which exhibited a more brilliant and royal disposition he also displayed with great freedom. For instance, he bore himself with considerable dignity, and pride and pomp are advantageous things for a ruler; and he decided all suits of importance in conjunction with the magistrates, he pulled down the overproud, he forbade promiscuous mobs of men from all quarters to assemble together, and prohibited all associations and meetings which were continually feasting together under pretence of sacrifices, making a drunken mockery of public business, treating with great vigour and severity all who resisted his commands. |
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| 51. Philo of Alexandria, Allegorical Interpretation, 1.80, 2.49-2.50, 2.55, 3.67-3.68 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •light and darkness, food and drink practices Found in books: Taylor and Hay (2020) 182, 232 |
52. Philo of Alexandria, Who Is The Heir, 234, 81, 235 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Taylor and Hay (2020) 182 | 235. For it is the divine Word which divided and distributed every thing in nature; and it is our own mind which divides every thing and every body which it comprehends, by the exertion of its intellect in an infinite manner, into an infinite number of parts, and which, in fact, never ceased from dividing. |
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53. Philo of Alexandria, On The Eternity of The World, 106, 98, 138 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Taylor and Hay (2020) 182 | 138. but with respect to that argument which was endeavoured to be established by the diminution of the sea, we may reasonably adduce this statement in opposition to it: "Do not look only at the islands which have risen up out of the sea, nor at any portions of land which, having been formerly buried by the waters, have in subsequent times become dry land; for obstinate contention is very unfavourable to the consideration of natural philosophy, which considers the search after truth to be the chief object of rational desire; but look rather at the contrary effects: consider how many districts on the main-land, not only such as were near the coast, but even such as were completely in-land, have been swallowed up by the waters; and consider how great a portion of land has become sea and is now sailed over by innumerable ships." |
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54. Plutarch, Advice About Keeping Well, None (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: nan nan | 19. ZEUXIPPUS. of the liquids milk ought not to be used as a beverage but as a food possessing solid and nourishing power. With regard to wine we ought to talk as does Euripides From an unknown play: cf. Nauck, Trag. Graec. Frag. , Euripides, No. 967. The sentiment is a favourite one with Euripides; cf. , for example, Iphigeneia at Aulis , 543-557; Medea 627-634; Helena , 1105. with regard to Love: May est thou be mine, but moderate be, I pray, yet ne’er abandon me. For wine is the most beneficial of beverages, the pleasantest of medicines, and the least cloying of appetizing things, provided that there is a happy combination of it with the occasion as well as with water. Water, not only the water that is mixed with b From an unknown play: cf. Nauck, Trag. Graec. Frag., Euripides, No. 967. The sentiment is a favourite one with Euripides; cf., for example, Iphigeneia at Aulis, 543-557; Medea, 627-634; Helena, 1105. the wine, but that which is drunk by itself in the interim between the draughts of the mixture, makes the mixture more innocent. One ought to accustom oneself, therefore, in the course of the daily routine to partake of two or three glasses of water, thus both making the potency of the wine milder, and making the drinking of water habitual with the body, so that, whenever it comes to be in need of water, it may not feel strange towards the drink, and refuse it. For the fact is that some people feel most impelled towards wine when the drink which they most need is water. For after being exposed to the sun, and again when chilled, and after speaking more earnestly and thinking more intently than usual, and, in general, after exertions and strivings, they think they ought to drink wine, feeling that Nature requires for the body some comfort and change after labours. But Nature does not require comfort, if comfort is only a name for self-indulgence, but she does require a change, a change which puts the body in a state midway between pleasure and pain. Therefore in such circumstances there should not only be some reduction in food, but wine should be either altogether eliminated or else partaken of between times very diluted and practically engulfed by the drinking of water. For wine, being truculent and keen, intensifies the disturbances of the body, and exacerbates and irritates the contused parts, which are in need of the comfort and alleviation that water best supplies. For if, in spite of the fact that we are not thirsty, we drink hot water after undergoing exertion, strain, or heat, we are sensible of a relaxing and soothing effect within us; for the aqueous fluid is mild and does not quicken the pulse, whereas that of wine has great impetuosity and a potency that is not kindly or humanely disposed toward recent affections. As for the acerbities and bitterness which some say fasting engenders in the body, if anybody fears them, or if, childlike, he thinks it a dreadful thing not to have a meal served before the fever which he suspects is coming, the drinking of water is a very fitting middle course. In fact we frequently make to Dionysus himself offerings which include no wine, thus habituating ourselves quite properly not to be always looking for strong drink. Minos, too, because of grief, abolished the flute and garland from the sacrifice. Cf. Apollodorus, Bibliotheca , iii. 15. 7. Yet we know that a grieving soul is not affected either by garlands or by flute. But no one’s body is so strong that wine, thrust upon it when it is disturbed and feverish, does it no harm. |
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| 55. Soranus, Gynaecology, 1.38 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •catalogue, of foods and drinks Found in books: Jouanna (2012) 179 |
56. Josephus Flavius, Jewish War, 2.147-2.149 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •light and darkness, food and drink practices Found in books: Taylor and Hay (2020) 206 | 2.147. They also avoid spitting in the midst of them, or on the right side. Moreover, they are stricter than any other of the Jews in resting from their labors on the seventh day; for they not only get their food ready the day before, that they may not be obliged to kindle a fire on that day, but they will not remove any vessel out of its place, nor go to stool thereon. 2.148. Nay, on theother days they dig a small pit, a foot deep, with a paddle (which kind of hatchet is given them when they are first admitted among them); and covering themselves round with their garment, that they may not affront the Divine rays of light, they ease themselves into that pit, 2.149. after which they put the earth that was dug out again into the pit; and even this they do only in the more lonely places, which they choose out for this purpose; and although this easement of the body be natural, yet it is a rule with them to wash themselves after it, as if it were a defilement to them. |
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57. Josephus Flavius, Jewish Antiquities, 4.212 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •light and darkness, food and drink practices Found in books: Taylor and Hay (2020) 181 | 4.212. 13. Let every one commemorate before God the benefits which he bestowed upon them at their deliverance out of the land of Egypt, and this twice every day, both when the day begins and when the hour of sleep comes on, gratitude being in its own nature a just thing, and serving not only by way of return for past, but also by way of invitation of future favors. |
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| 58. Plutarch, Table Talk, None (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: nan nan |
| 59. Epictetus, Discourses, 3.10 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •light and darkness, food and drink practices Found in books: Taylor and Hay (2020) 182 |
| 60. New Testament, Acts, 10 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •food, eating and drinking Found in books: Toloni (2022) 208 |
| 61. Athenaeus, The Learned Banquet, None (2nd cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Cosgrove (2022) 243 |
62. Babylonian Talmud, Berachot, None (3rd cent. CE - 6th cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •light and darkness, food and drink practices Found in books: Taylor and Hay (2020) 181| 26b. תנו רבנן טעה ולא התפלל מנחה בערב שבת מתפלל בליל שבת שתים טעה ולא התפלל מנחה בשבת מתפלל במוצאי שבת שתים של חול מבדיל בראשונה ואינו מבדיל בשניה ואם הבדיל בשניה ולא הבדיל בראשונה שניה עלתה לו ראשונה לא עלתה לו,למימרא דכיון דלא אבדיל בקמייתא כמאן דלא צלי דמי ומהדרינן ליה,ורמינהו טעה ולא הזכיר גבורות גשמים בתחיית המתים ושאלה בברכת השנים מחזירין אותו הבדלה בחונן הדעת אין מחזירין אותו מפני שיכול לאומרה על הכוס קשיא,איתמר רבי יוסי ברבי חנינא אמר תפלות אבות תקנום רבי יהושע בן לוי אמר תפלות כנגד תמידין תקנום,תניא כוותיה דר' יוסי ברבי חנינא ותניא כוותיה דרבי יהושע בן לוי תניא כוותיה דרבי יוסי בר' חנינא אברהם תקן תפלת שחרית שנא' (בראשית יט, כז) וישכם אברהם בבקר אל המקום אשר עמד שם ואין עמידה אלא תפלה שנאמר (תהלים קו, ל) ויעמד פינחס ויפלל,יצחק תקן תפלת מנחה שנאמר (בראשית כד, סג) ויצא יצחק לשוח בשדה לפנות ערב ואין שיחה אלא תפלה שנאמר (תהלים קב, א) תפלה לעני כי יעטף ולפני ה' ישפוך שיחו,יעקב תקן תפלת ערבית שנאמר (בראשית כח, יא) ויפגע במקום וילן שם ואין פגיעה אלא תפלה שנאמר (ירמיהו ז, טז) ואתה אל תתפלל בעד העם הזה ואל תשא בעדם רנה ותפלה ואל תפגע בי,ותניא כוותיה דר' יהושע בן לוי מפני מה אמרו תפלת השחר עד חצות שהרי תמיד של שחר קרב והולך עד חצות ורבי יהודה אומר עד ארבע שעות שהרי תמיד של שחר קרב והולך עד ארבע שעות,ומפני מה אמרו תפלת המנחה עד הערב שהרי תמיד של בין הערבים קרב והולך עד הערב רבי יהודה אומר עד פלג המנחה שהרי תמיד של בין הערבים קרב והולך עד פלג המנחה,ומפני מה אמרו תפלת הערב אין לה קבע שהרי אברים ופדרים שלא נתעכלו מבערב קרבים והולכים כל הלילה,ומפני מה אמרו של מוספין כל היום שהרי קרבן של מוספין קרב כל היום רבי יהודה אומר עד שבע שעות שהרי קרבן מוסף קרב והולך עד שבע שעות,ואיזו היא מנחה גדולה משש שעות ומחצה ולמעלה ואיזו היא מנחה קטנה מתשע שעות ומחצה ולמעלה,איבעיא להו רבי יהודה פלג מנחה קמא קאמר או פלג מנחה אחרונה קאמר תא שמע דתניא ר' יהודה אומר פלג המנחה אחרונה אמרו והיא י"א שעות חסר רביע,נימא תיהוי תיובתיה דר' יוסי בר' חנינא אמר לך ר' יוסי בר' חנינא לעולם אימא לך תפלות אבות תקנום ואסמכינהו רבנן אקרבנות דאי לא תימא הכי תפלת מוסף לר' יוסי בר' חנינא מאן תקנה אלא תפלות אבות תקנום ואסמכינהו רבנן אקרבנות:,רבי יהודה אומר עד ארבע שעות: איבעיא להו עד ועד בכלל או דלמא עד ולא עד בכלל תא שמע ר' יהודה אומר עד פלג המנחה אי אמרת בשלמא עד ולא עד בכלל היינו דאיכא בין ר' יהודה לרבנן אלא אי אמרת עד ועד בכלל ר' יהודה | 26b. On a similar note, b the Sages taught /b in a i baraita /i : b One who erred and did not recite the afternoon prayer on the eve of Shabbat, prays in /b the evening prayer b two /b i Amida /i prayers b on Shabbat evening. One who erred and did not recite the afternoon prayer on Shabbat, recites two weekday /b i Amida /i prayers in the evening prayer b at the conclusion of Shabbat. He recites i havdala /i [ /b the prayer of b distinction] /b between the sanctity of Shabbat and the profanity of the week by reciting: You have graced us, etc., in the fourth blessing of the i Amida, /i which is: Who graciously grants knowledge, b in the first /b prayer, as it is the actual evening prayer, b but he does not recite i havdala /i in the second /b prayer, which is in place of the afternoon prayer. Moreover, b if he recited i havdala /i in the second /b prayer b and did not recite i havdala /i in the first, the second prayer fulfilled his /b obligation, the b first one did not fulfill his /b obligation.,The Gemara comments: b Is that to say /b that b since he did not recite i havdala /i in the first /b prayer, he is b as one who did not pray and we require him to return /b to the beginning of the prayer and repeat it? If so, the conclusion is that one who fails to recite i havdala /i in the prayer must repeat that prayer.,The Gemara b raises a contradiction /b to the above conclusion from the i Tosefta /i : b One who erred and did not mention the might of the rains: /b He makes the wind blow and rain fall b in /b the second blessing of the i Amida /i , the blessing on b the revival of the dead, and /b one who erred and failed to recite b the request /b for rain b in /b the ninth blessing of the i Amida /i , b the blessing of the years, we require him to return /b to the beginning of the prayer and repeat it. However, one who erred and failed to recite b i havdala /i in /b the blessing: b Who graciously grants knowledge, we do not require him to return /b to the beginning of the prayer and repeat it, b as he can recite /b i havdala /i b over the cup /b of wine, independent of his prayer. This contradiction was not resolved and remains b difficult. /b ,The dispute between the Rabbis and Rabbi Yehuda with regard to the times beyond which the different prayers may not be recited is rooted in a profound disagreement, also manifest in a later amoraic dispute. b It was stated: Rabbi Yosei, son of Rabbi Ḥanina, said: /b The practice of praying three times daily is ancient, albeit not in its present form; b prayers were instituted by the Patriarchs. /b However, b Rabbi Yehoshua ben Levi said /b that the b prayers were instituted based on the daily offerings /b sacrificed in the Holy Temple, and the prayers parallel the offerings, in terms of both time and characteristics.,The Gemara comments: b It was taught /b in a i baraita /i b in accordance with /b the opinion of b Rabbi Yosei, son of Rabbi Ḥanina, and it was taught /b in a i baraita /i b in accordance with /b the opinion of b Rabbi Yehoshua ben Levi. /b The Gemara elaborates: b It was taught /b in a i baraita /i b in accordance with /b the opinion of b Rabbi Yosei, son of Rabbi Ḥanina: Abraham instituted the morning prayer, as it is stated /b when Abraham came to look out over Sodom the day after he had prayed on its behalf: b “And Abraham rose early in the morning to the place where he had stood /b before the Lord” (Genesis 19:27), b and /b from the context as well as the language utilized in the verse, the verb b standing /b means b nothing other than prayer, /b as this language is used to describe Pinehas’ prayer after the plague, b as it is stated: “And Pinehas stood up and prayed /b and the plague ended” (Psalms 106:30). Clearly, Abraham was accustomed to stand in prayer in the morning., b Isaac instituted the afternoon prayer, as it is stated: “And Isaac went out to converse [ i lasuaḥ /i ] in the field toward evening” /b (Genesis 24:63), b and conversation /b means b nothing other than prayer, as it is stated: “A prayer of the afflicted when he is faint and pours out his complaint [ i siḥo /i ] before the Lord” /b (Psalms 102:1). Obviously, Isaac was the first to pray as evening approached, at the time of the afternoon prayer., b Jacob instituted the evening prayer, as it is stated: “And he encountered [ i vayifga /i ] the place and he slept there /b for the sun had set” (Genesis 28:11). The word b encounter /b means b nothing other than prayer, as it is stated /b when God spoke to Jeremiah: b “And you, do not pray on behalf of this nation and do not raise on their behalf song and prayer, and do not encounter [ i tifga /i ] Me /b for I do not hear you” (Jeremiah 7:16). Jacob prayed during the evening, after the sun had set., b And it was taught /b in a i baraita /i b in accordance with /b the opinion of b Rabbi Yehoshua ben Levi /b that the laws of prayer are based on the laws of the daily offerings: b Why did /b the Rabbis b say /b that b the morning prayer /b may be recited b until noon? Because, /b although the b daily morning offering /b is typically brought early in the morning, it may be b sacrificed until noon. And Rabbi Yehuda says: /b My opinion, that the morning prayer may be recited b until four hours /b into the day, is b because the daily morning offering is sacrificed until four hours. /b , b And why did /b the Rabbis b say /b that b the afternoon prayer /b may be recited b until the evening? Because the daily afternoon offering is sacrificed until the evening. Rabbi Yehuda says /b that b the afternoon prayer /b may be recited only b until the midpoint of the afternoon because, /b according to his opinion, b the daily afternoon offering is sacrificed until the midpoint of the afternoon. /b , b And why did they say /b that b the evening prayer is not fixed? Because /b the burning of the b limbs and fats /b of the offerings that were b not consumed /b by the fire on the altar b until the evening. /b They remained on the altar and were b offered continuously /b throughout b the entire night. /b , b And why did /b the Rabbis b say /b that b the additional prayer /b may be recited b all day? Because the additional offering is brought /b throughout b the entire day. /b However, b Rabbi Yehuda says /b that b the additional prayer /b may be recited b until the seventh hour /b of the day, b because the additional offering is sacrificed until the seventh hour. /b ,The i baraita /i continues and states that there are two times for the afternoon prayer. Greater, earlier i minḥa /i [ i minḥa gedola /i ] and lesser, later i minḥa /i [ i minḥa ketana /i ]. The Gemara clarifies the difference between them: b Which is i minḥa gedola /i ? From six-and-a-half hours /b after sunrise b and on, /b which is a half an hour after noon and on. It is the earliest time that the daily afternoon offering may be sacrificed, as in the case on the eve of Passover that occurs on Shabbat. b Which is i minḥa ketana /i ? From nine-and-a-half hours and on, /b which is the standard time that the daily afternoon offering is sacrificed.,On that note, b a dilemma was raised before them: Rabbi Yehuda, /b who holds that the afternoon prayer may be recited only until the midpoint of the afternoon, does b he say the midpoint of the first i minḥa /i , /b i minḥa gedola /i ? b Or, /b does b he say the midpoint of the last i minḥa /i ? Come and hear /b an explicit resolution to this dilemma: b As it was taught /b in a i baraita /i , b Rabbi Yehuda says: They said the midpoint of the last i minḥa /i , and that is eleven hours minus a quarter /b of an hour after sunrise, i.e., an hour-and-a-quarter hours before sunset.,In any case, it is clear that according to this i baraita /i the i halakhot /i of prayer are based on the Temple offerings. The Gemara suggests: b Let us say that this is a conclusive refutation of /b the opinion of b Rabbi Yosei, son of Rabbi Ḥanina, /b who held that the forefathers instituted the prayers. b Rabbi Yosei, son of Rabbi Ḥanina, /b could have b said to you: Actually, I will say to you /b that b the Patriarchs instituted the prayers and the Sages based /b the times and characteristics of prayer b on the Temple offerings, /b even though they do not stem from the same source. b As, if you do not say so, /b that even Rabbi Yosei, son of Rabbi Ḥanina, would agree that the laws of offerings and those of prayers are related, b then, according to Rabbi Yosei, son of Rabbi Ḥanina, who instituted the additional prayer? /b It is not one of the prayers instituted by the forefathers. b Rather, /b even according to Rabbi Yosei, son of Rabbi Ḥanina, b the prayers were instituted by the Patriarchs and the Sages based them /b on the laws of the b offerings. /b ,We learned in the mishna that b Rabbi Yehuda says: /b The morning prayer may be recited b until four hours /b of the day. b A dilemma was raised before /b the yeshiva students: When Rabbi Yehuda says b until, /b does he mean b until and including /b the fourth hour, b or, perhaps /b when he says b “until” /b he means b until and not including, /b in which case one may not pray during the fourth hour? b Come and hear /b a resolution to this dilemma based on the mishna. b Rabbi Yehuda says: /b The afternoon prayer may be recited only b until the midpoint of the afternoon. /b Now, b granted, if you say /b that b until /b means b until and not including, then there is /b a difference b between /b the opinion of b Rabbi Yehuda and /b the opinion of b the Rabbis. However, if you say /b that b until /b means b until and including, /b then the opinion of b Rabbi Yehuda /b |
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| 63. Porphyry, On Abstinence, 4.6.8-4.6.9 (3rd cent. CE - 4th cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •light and darkness, food and drink practices Found in books: Taylor and Hay (2020) 204 |
| 64. Epigraphy, Ig Ii², 7.2712 Tagged with subjects: •athenaeus, quoting pherecrates on food and drink at festivals •pherecrates, on food and drink at festivals Found in books: Cosgrove (2022) 243 |
66. Anon., Letter of Aristeas, 160 Tagged with subjects: •light and darkness, food and drink practices Found in books: Taylor and Hay (2020) 181 | 160. fear of God. He bids men also, when lying down to sleep and rising up again, to meditate upon the works of God, not only in word, but by observing distinctly the change and impression produced upon them, when they are going to sleep, and also their waking, how divine and incomprehensible |
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