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Tiresias: The Ancient Mediterranean Religions Source Database

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Please note: the results are produced through a computerized process which may frequently lead to errors, both in incorrect tagging and in other issues. Please use with caution.
Due to load times, full text fetching is currently attempted for validated results only.
Full texts for Hebrew Bible and rabbinic texts is kindly supplied by Sefaria; for Greek and Latin texts, by Perseus Scaife, for the Quran, by Tanzil.net

For a list of book indices included, see here.

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All subjects (including unvalidated):
subject book bibliographic info
feminine Bernabe et al. (2013), Redefining Dionysos, 166, 175, 191, 265, 268, 331, 534, 535, 536, 537
Poorthuis and Schwartz (2014), Saints and role models in Judaism and Christianity, 146, 368, 370, 420, 422, 426
feminine, archetype, wells, and Ashbrook Harvey et al. (2015), A Most Reliable Witness: Essays in Honor of Ross Shepard Kraemer, 226
feminine, archetypes, women, as Rutledge (2012), Ancient Rome as a Museum: Power, Identity, and the Culture of Collecting, 232
feminine, arrogance Mermelstein (2021), Power and Emotion in Ancient Judaism: Community and Identity in Formation, 81
feminine, arrogance, gender Mermelstein (2021), Power and Emotion in Ancient Judaism: Community and Identity in Formation, 81
feminine, association with, moisture, moist Trott (2019), Aristotle on the Matter of Form: ? Feminist Metaphysics of Generation, 131, 138, 139, 140, 146
feminine, education Penniman (2017), Raised on Christian Milk: Food and the Formation of the Soul in Early Christianity, 67
feminine, fear, associated with women/the Agri (2022), Reading Fear in Flavian Epic: Emotion, Power, and Stoicism, 34, 35, 45, 46, 74, 75, 90, 184, 187, 188, 189
feminine, femininity, Smith and Stuckenbruck (2020), Testing and Temptation in Second Temple Jewish and Early Christian Texts, 173, 178, 179, 181, 182
feminine, form of child, aristotle, on Brule (2003), Women of Ancient Greece, 81, 134
feminine, hairstyles Edmondson (2008), Roman Dress and the Fabrics of Roman Culture, 12, 27, 145, 147, 148, 153, 156, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164, 165, 166, 168, 169, 170, 173, 174, 175, 176, 181, 182, 184, 185, 241, 242, 243, 271, 272, 273, 274, 288
feminine, hearing, as Birnbaum and Dillon (2020), Philo of Alexandria: On the Life of Abraham: Introduction, Translation, and Commentary, 290, 294
feminine, i Lieber (2014), A Vocabulary of Desire: The Song of Songs in the Early Synagogue, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 304, 396, 398
feminine, i first-person speech, see also fleischer, ezra Lieber (2014), A Vocabulary of Desire: The Song of Songs in the Early Synagogue, 17
feminine, jouissance Poorthuis and Schwartz (2014), Saints and role models in Judaism and Christianity, 358, 368, 372, 374, 375
feminine, modesty Brule (2003), Women of Ancient Greece, 4, 171
feminine, persona of payyetan Lieber (2014), A Vocabulary of Desire: The Song of Songs in the Early Synagogue, 57, 58, 59, 60
feminine, ritual language, religion Brule (2003), Women of Ancient Greece, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28
feminine, ruler, sardanapallus, as a stereotypically Bosak-Schroeder (2020), Other Natures: Environmental Encounters with Ancient Greek Ethnography, 62
feminine, seed Kraemer (2010), Unreliable Witnesses: Religion, Gender, and History in the Greco-Roman Mediterranean, 17
feminine, soul, women and femininity, and the Taylor and Hay (2020), Philo of Alexandria: On the Contemplative Life: Introduction, Translation and Commentary, 318, 319
feminine, spirit Ramelli (2013), The Christian Doctrine of Apokatastasis: A Critical Assessment from the New Testament to Eriugena, 74, 334, 772
feminine, virtues, masculine and Ashbrook Harvey et al. (2015), A Most Reliable Witness: Essays in Honor of Ross Shepard Kraemer, 124, 125
feminine, voice prominent in song of songs Lieber (2014), A Vocabulary of Desire: The Song of Songs in the Early Synagogue, 22, 399
femininity Del Lucchese (2019), Monstrosity and Philosophy: Radical Otherness in Greek and Latin Culture, 41, 46, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54
Kitzler (2015), From 'Passio Perpetuae' to 'Acta Perpetuae', 39, 48, 49, 60, 62, 87, 89, 94, 96, 112
Penniman (2017), Raised on Christian Milk: Food and the Formation of the Soul in Early Christianity, 26, 67, 138, 162, 163, 249, 264
Wolfsdorf (2020), Early Greek Ethics, 528
Zawanowska and Wilk (2022), The Character of David in Judaism, Christianity and Islam: Warrior, Poet, Prophet and King, 519
femininity, active Hasan Rokem (2003), Tales of the Neighborhood Jewish Narrative Dialogues in Late Antiquity, 131
femininity, among the therapeutae, women and Taylor and Hay (2020), Philo of Alexandria: On the Contemplative Life: Introduction, Translation and Commentary, 46, 51, 59, 60, 64, 69, 95, 96, 174, 279, 282, 315, 330, 331
femininity, and modesty, women and Taylor and Hay (2020), Philo of Alexandria: On the Contemplative Life: Introduction, Translation and Commentary, 199, 200, 201, 205, 258, 287, 289, 326, 330, 331
femininity, and rejection of pleasure, women and Taylor and Hay (2020), Philo of Alexandria: On the Contemplative Life: Introduction, Translation and Commentary, 282, 285, 286
femininity, and wisdom/sophia, women and Taylor and Hay (2020), Philo of Alexandria: On the Contemplative Life: Introduction, Translation and Commentary, 163, 207, 285, 286, 287
femininity, as elders, women and Taylor and Hay (2020), Philo of Alexandria: On the Contemplative Life: Introduction, Translation and Commentary, 279, 280, 283, 286, 287, 288, 297
femininity, as philosophers, women and Taylor and Hay (2020), Philo of Alexandria: On the Contemplative Life: Introduction, Translation and Commentary, 26, 60, 69, 200
femininity, as priestesses, women and Taylor and Hay (2020), Philo of Alexandria: On the Contemplative Life: Introduction, Translation and Commentary, 17, 56, 284, 328
femininity, as thiasoi members, women and Taylor and Hay (2020), Philo of Alexandria: On the Contemplative Life: Introduction, Translation and Commentary, 70
femininity, athletics Hubbard (2014), A Companion to Greek and Roman Sexualities, 257, 258, 259, 260
femininity, biology of Hubbard (2014), A Companion to Greek and Roman Sexualities, 272, 273, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306
femininity, cosmetics Hubbard (2014), A Companion to Greek and Roman Sexualities, 470
femininity, depiction of women and Taylor and Hay (2020), Philo of Alexandria: On the Contemplative Life: Introduction, Translation and Commentary, 17, 26, 38, 60, 159, 174, 199, 200, 214, 256
femininity, in divided spaces, women and Taylor and Hay (2020), Philo of Alexandria: On the Contemplative Life: Introduction, Translation and Commentary, 198, 199, 200, 288, 289, 301, 330, 331
femininity, in philos writings, women and Taylor and Hay (2020), Philo of Alexandria: On the Contemplative Life: Introduction, Translation and Commentary, 60, 69, 70, 107, 159, 162, 163, 174, 182, 200, 201, 214, 279, 282, 283, 284, 285, 286, 287, 288, 289, 318, 343
femininity, in tragedy Hubbard (2014), A Companion to Greek and Roman Sexualities, 353, 354
femininity, rhetoric of Hubbard (2014), A Companion to Greek and Roman Sexualities, 437, 438, 439, 440
masculine/feminine, forms of mindfulness Taylor and Hay (2020), Philo of Alexandria: On the Contemplative Life: Introduction, Translation and Commentary, 55, 57, 110

List of validated texts:
9 validated results for "femininity"
1. Hebrew Bible, Nahum, 3.13 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Holophernes, feminized • femininity

 Found in books: Gera (2014), Judith, 346; Vargas (2021), Time’s Causal Power: Proclus and the Natural Theology of Time, 43

sup>
3.13 הִנֵּה עַמֵּךְ נָשִׁים בְּקִרְבֵּךְ לְאֹיְבַיִךְ פָּתוֹחַ נִפְתְּחוּ שַׁעֲרֵי אַרְצֵךְ אָכְלָה אֵשׁ בְּרִיחָיִך׃'' None		sup>
3.13 Behold, thy people in the midst of thee are women; The gates of thy land are set wide open unto thine enemies; The fire hath devoured thy bars.'' None
2. Hebrew Bible, Isaiah, 19.16 (8th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Holophernes, feminized • femininity

 Found in books: Gera (2014), Judith, 346; Vargas (2021), Time’s Causal Power: Proclus and the Natural Theology of Time, 43

sup>
19.16 בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא יִהְיֶה מִצְרַיִם כַּנָּשִׁים וְחָרַד וּפָחַד מִפְּנֵי תְּנוּפַת יַד־יְהוָה צְבָאוֹת אֲשֶׁר־הוּא מֵנִיף עָלָיו׃'' None		sup>
19.16 In that day shall Egypt be like unto women; and it shall tremble and fear because of the shaking of the hand of the LORD of hosts, which He shaketh over it.'' None
3. Hebrew Bible, Jeremiah, 6.24, 50.37 (8th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Holophernes, feminized • femininity

 Found in books: Gera (2014), Judith, 346; Vargas (2021), Time’s Causal Power: Proclus and the Natural Theology of Time, 43, 44

sup>
6.24 שָׁמַעְנוּ אֶת־שָׁמְעוֹ רָפוּ יָדֵינוּ צָרָה הֶחֱזִיקַתְנוּ חִיל כַּיּוֹלֵדָה׃
50.37 חֶרֶב אֶל־סוּסָיו וְאֶל־רִכְבּוֹ וְאֶל־כָּל־הָעֶרֶב אֲשֶׁר בְּתוֹכָהּ וְהָיוּ לְנָשִׁים חֶרֶב אֶל־אוֹצְרֹתֶיהָ וּבֻזָּזוּ׃'' None		sup>
6.24 ’We have heard the fame thereof, our hands wax feeble, Anguish hath taken hold of us, And pain, as of a woman in travail.’
50.37 A sword is upon their horses, and upon their chariots, And upon all the mingled people that are in the midst of her, And they shall become as women; A sword is upon her treasures, and they shall be robbed.'' None
4. Euripides, Bacchae, 757-758, 768, 827-838 (5th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Hypsipyle, feminization/ ephebization of Thoas • feminine • feminization/effeminacy • religion, feminine ritual language

 Found in books: Bernabe et al. (2013), Redefining Dionysos, 166, 175; Brule (2003), Women of Ancient Greece, 28; Panoussi(2019), Brides, Mourners, Bacchae: Women's Rituals in Roman Literature, 155, 251

sup>
757 οὐ χαλκός, οὐ σίδηρος· ἐπὶ δὲ βοστρύχοις'758 πῦρ ἔφερον, οὐδʼ ἔκαιεν. οἳ δʼ ὀργῆς ὕπο
768 γλώσσῃ δράκοντες ἐξεφαίδρυνον χροός.
827 ἐγὼ στελῶ σε δωμάτων ἔσω μολών. Πενθεύς 828 τίνα στολήν; ἦ θῆλυν; ἀλλʼ αἰδώς μʼ ἔχει. Διόνυσος 829 οὐκέτι θεατὴς μαινάδων πρόθυμος εἶ. Πενθεύς 830 στολὴν δὲ τίνα φῂς ἀμφὶ χρῶτʼ ἐμὸν βαλεῖν; Διόνυσος 831 κόμην μὲν ἐπὶ σῷ κρατὶ ταναὸν ἐκτενῶ. Πενθεύς 832 τὸ δεύτερον δὲ σχῆμα τοῦ κόσμου τί μοι; Διόνυσος 833 πέπλοι ποδήρεις· ἐπὶ κάρᾳ δʼ ἔσται μίτρα. Πενθεύς 834 ἦ καί τι πρὸς τοῖσδʼ ἄλλο προσθήσεις ἐμοί; Διόνυσος 835 θύρσον γε χειρὶ καὶ νεβροῦ στικτὸν δέρας. Πενθεύς 836 οὐκ ἂν δυναίμην θῆλυν ἐνδῦναι στολήν. Διόνυσος 837 ἀλλʼ αἷμα θήσεις συμβαλὼν βάκχαις μάχην. Πενθεύς 838 ὀρθῶς· μολεῖν χρὴ πρῶτον εἰς κατασκοπήν. Διόνυσος ' None		sup>
757 and whatever they put on their shoulders, whether bronze or iron, was not held on by bonds, nor did it fall to the ground. They carried fire on their locks, but it did not burn them. Some people in rage took up arms, being plundered by the Bacchae,'758 and whatever they put on their shoulders, whether bronze or iron, was not held on by bonds, nor did it fall to the ground. They carried fire on their locks, but it did not burn them. Some people in rage took up arms, being plundered by the Bacchae,
768 And they returned where they had come from, to the very fountains which the god had sent forth for them, and washed off the blood, and snakes cleaned the drops from the women’s cheeks with their tongues.Receive this god then, whoever he is,
827 I will go inside and dress you. Pentheu 828 In what clothing? Female? But shame holds me back. Dionysu 829 Are you no longer eager to view the maenads? Pentheu 830 What clothing do you bid me to put on my body? Dionysu 831 I will spread out hair at length on your head. Pentheu 832 What is the second part of my outfit? Dionysu 833 A robe down to your feet. And you will wear a headband. Pentheu 834 And what else will you add to this for me? Dionysu 835 A thyrsos in your hand, and a dappled fawn-skin. Pentheu 836 I could not put on a woman’s dress. Dionysu 837 But you will shed blood if you join battle with the Bacchae. Pentheu 838 True. We must go first and spy. Dionysu ' None
5. Ovid, Metamorphoses, 9.771 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • feminization/effeminacy • hairstyles, feminine

 Found in books: Edmondson (2008), Roman Dress and the Fabrics of Roman Culture, 166, 170; Panoussi(2019), Brides, Mourners, Bacchae: Women's Rituals in Roman Literature, 42

sup>
9.771 crinalem capiti vittam nataeque sibique'' None		sup>
9.771 o surely would be worthy of my love.'' None
6. New Testament, Matthew, 6.1-6.4 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Feminine Sexuality • Feminism

 Found in books: Albrecht (2014), The Divine Father: Religious and Philosophical Concepts of Divine Parenthood in Antiquity, 325; Kosman (2012), Gender and Dialogue in the Rabbinic Prism, 41

sup>
6.1 Προσέχετε δὲ τὴν δικαιοσύνην ὑμῶν μὴ ποιεῖν ἔμπροσθεν τῶν ἀνθρώπων πρὸς τὸ θεαθῆναι αὐτοῖς· εἰ δὲ μήγε, μισθὸν οὐκ ἔχετε παρὰ τῷ πατρὶ ὑμῶν τῷ ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς. 6.2 Ὅταν οὖν ποιῇς ἐλεημοσύνην, μὴ σαλπίσῃς ἔμπροσθέν σου, ὥσπερ οἱ ὑποκριταὶ ποιοῦσιν ἐν ταῖς συναγωγαῖς καὶ ἐν ταῖς ῥύμαις, ὅπως δοξασθῶσιν ὑπὸ τῶν ἀνθρώπων· ἀμὴν λέγω ὑμῖν, ἀπέχουσιν τὸν μισθὸν αὐτῶν. 6.3 σοῦ δὲ ποιοῦντος ἐλεημοσύνην μὴ γνώτω ἡ ἀριστερά σου τί ποιεῖ ἡ δεξιά σου, 6.4 ὅπως ᾖ σου ἡ ἐλεημοσύνη ἐν τῷ κρυπτῷ· καὶ ὁ πατήρ σου ὁ βλέπων ἐν τῷ κρυπτῷ ἀποδώσει σοι.'' None		sup>
6.1 "Be careful that you don\'t do your charitable giving before men, to be seen by them, or else you have no reward from your Father who is in heaven. ' "6.2 Therefore when you do merciful deeds, don't sound a trumpet before yourself, as the hypocrites do in the synagogues and in the streets, that they may get glory from men. Most assuredly I tell you, they have received their reward. " "6.3 But when you do merciful deeds, don't let your left hand know what your right hand does, " '6.4 so that your merciful deeds may be in secret, then your Father who sees in secret will reward you openly. '' None
7. None, None, nan (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Syrians, effeminate, eunuchs • femininity • feminization/effeminacy

 Found in books: Isaac (2004), The invention of racism in classical antiquity, 340, 341; Mowat (2021), Engendering the Future: Divination and the Construction of Gender in the Late Roman Republic, 100; Panoussi(2019), Brides, Mourners, Bacchae: Women's Rituals in Roman Literature, 234
8. Vergil, Aeneis, 3.403-3.407, 7.403, 11.480-11.481
 Tagged with subjects: • Hypsipyle, feminization/ ephebization of Thoas • femininity • feminization/effeminacy • hairstyles, feminine

 Found in books: Edmondson (2008), Roman Dress and the Fabrics of Roman Culture, 161, 162, 165, 170; Mowat (2021), Engendering the Future: Divination and the Construction of Gender in the Late Roman Republic, 47; Panoussi(2019), Brides, Mourners, Bacchae: Women's Rituals in Roman Literature, 155, 162, 211

sup>
3.403 Quin, ubi transmissae steterint trans aequora classes, 3.404 et positis aris iam vota in litore solves, 3.405 purpureo velare comas adopertus amictu, 3.406 ne qua inter sanctos ignis in honore deorum 3.407 hostilis facies occurrat et omina turbet.' 11.480 causa mali tanti, oculos deiecta decoros. 11.481 Succedunt matres et templum ture vaporant'' None		sup>
3.403 by mighty Abas) graven with this line: 3.404 SPOIL OF AENEAS FROM TRIUMPHANT FOES. 3.405 Then from that haven I command them forth; 3.406 my good crews take the thwarts, smiting the sea 3.407 with rival strokes, and skim the level main.
7.403 let me seek strength in war, come whence it will!
11.480 for peace, O Turnus! and, not less than peace, 11.481 its one inviolable pledge. Behold, '' None
9. None, None, nan
 Tagged with subjects: • femininity • hairstyles, feminine

 Found in books: Edmondson (2008), Roman Dress and the Fabrics of Roman Culture, 271; Kitzler (2015), From 'Passio Perpetuae' to 'Acta Perpetuae', 96



Please note: the results are produced through a computerized process which may frequently lead to errors, both in incorrect tagging and in other issues. Please use with caution.
Due to load times, full text fetching is currently attempted for validated results only.
Full texts for Hebrew Bible and rabbinic texts is kindly supplied by Sefaria; for Greek and Latin texts, by Perseus Scaife, for the Quran, by Tanzil.net

For a list of book indices included, see here.