Home About Network of subjects Linked subjects heatmap Book indices included Search by subject Search by reference Browse subjects Browse texts

Tiresias: The Ancient Mediterranean Religions Source Database

   Search:  
validated results only / all results

and or

Filtering options: (leave empty for all results)
By author:     
By work:        
By subject:
By additional keyword:       



Results for
Please note: the results are produced through a computerized process which may frequently lead to errors, both in incorrect tagging and in other issues. Please use with caution.
Due to load times, full text fetching is currently attempted for validated results only.
Full texts for Hebrew Bible and rabbinic texts is kindly supplied by Sefaria; for Greek and Latin texts, by Perseus Scaife, for the Quran, by Tanzil.net

For a list of book indices included, see here.

graph

graph

All subjects (including unvalidated):
subject book bibliographic info
familial Maier and Waldner (2022), Desiring Martyrs: Locating Martyrs in Space and Time, 30, 31, 63, 66, 72, 103, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 148
familial, association pythion of cos, of Gabrielsen and Paganini (2021), Private Associations in the Ancient Greek World: Regulations and the Creation of Group Identity, 104, 105, 106, 114
familial, bonds between, epigraphic agents Wilding (2022), Reinventing the Amphiareion at Oropos, 57, 59, 117, 118, 132, 185, 187, 188, 237, 238
familial, groups Gabrielsen and Paganini (2021), Private Associations in the Ancient Greek World: Regulations and the Creation of Group Identity, 56, 103, 104, 105, 106, 120, 121, 126, 133, 135, 141, 251
familial, houses/domus Roller (2018), Disclosure and Discretion in Roman Astrology: Manilius and his Augustan Contemporaries, 54, 202
familial, letter Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 251, 319
familial, love Johnson Dupertuis and Shea (2018), Reading and Teaching Ancient Fiction : Jewish, Christian, and Greco-Roman Narratives 13, 14, 18, 21, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 147, 148, 151
familial, opposition to, monasticism Brakke, Satlow, Weitzman (2005), Religion and the Self in Antiquity. 229
familial, ties and genealogy in mark, gospel of Peppard (2011), The Son of God in the Roman World: Divine Sonship in its Social and Political Context, 125, 126, 127, 128
familial, unity among christ-followers, expressed in language, in ephesians Black, Thomas, and Thompson (2022), Ephesos as a Religious Center under the Principate. 205, 212, 213, 214, 215, 218, 219, 220, 223, 224
families Eliav (2023), A Jew in the Roman Bathhouse: Cultural Interaction in the Ancient Mediterranean, 136, 144, 145, 146, 147, 154, 155, 156, 173, 174, 200, 201, 202, 208, 220, 222, 238
Fertik (2019), The Ruler's House: Contesting Power and Privacy in Julio-Claudian Rome, 22, 40
families, aeschines Martin (2009), Divine Talk: Religious Argumentation in Demosthenes, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 99, 104, 105, 116, 170, 178, 180
families, and caesar Fertik (2019), The Ruler's House: Contesting Power and Privacy in Julio-Claudian Rome, 22, 23, 38
families, and cato the younger Fertik (2019), The Ruler's House: Contesting Power and Privacy in Julio-Claudian Rome, 23, 31, 32, 33
families, and civil wars Fertik (2019), The Ruler's House: Contesting Power and Privacy in Julio-Claudian Rome, 22
families, and pompey Fertik (2019), The Ruler's House: Contesting Power and Privacy in Julio-Claudian Rome, 22, 23
families, aristotle, on tragic Jouanna (2018), Sophocles: A Study of His Theater in Its Political and Social Context, 116, 118, 174, 681
families, christians/ity, divides Bremmer (2017), Magic and Martyrs in Early Christianity: Collected Essays, 21, 22, 23, 363, 393
families, cities, vs. Jouanna (2018), Sophocles: A Study of His Theater in Its Political and Social Context, 116
families, commanders and soldiers as Fertik (2019), The Ruler's House: Contesting Power and Privacy in Julio-Claudian Rome, 23, 27, 28, 35, 36, 37
families, dedications, and Wilding (2022), Reinventing the Amphiareion at Oropos, 1, 117, 118, 132
families, divination, mantic Tor (2017), Mortal and Divine in Early Greek Epistemology, 112, 114, 115
families, from, prasiai, prominent Papazarkadas (2011), Sacred and Public Land in Ancient Athens, 292, 306
families, great tragic Jouanna (2018), Sophocles: A Study of His Theater in Its Political and Social Context, 115, 116, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 161, 162, 314, 315
families, greek east, onomastics, elite Bruun and Edmondson (2015), The Oxford Handbook of Roman Epigraphy, 281
families, in lucan Fertik (2019), The Ruler's House: Contesting Power and Privacy in Julio-Claudian Rome, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 40
families, in lucan bellum civile Fertik (2019), The Ruler's House: Contesting Power and Privacy in Julio-Claudian Rome, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 40
families, in monastic life Dilley (2019), Monasteries and the Care of Souls in Late Antique Christianity: Cognition and Discipline, 51, 52
families, influence of aristocratic Langlands (2018), Exemplary Ethics in Ancient Rome, 71, 72, 74
families, inheritance, in soldiers’ Phang (2001), The Marriage of Roman Soldiers (13 B.C. - A.D. 235), 38, 39, 40, 96, 98, 203, 204, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220, 221, 222, 223, 316, 319, 320
families, intestate succession, in soldiers’ Phang (2001), The Marriage of Roman Soldiers (13 B.C. - A.D. 235), 38, 39, 40, 98, 203, 204, 319, 320
families, julio-claudian Fertik (2019), The Ruler's House: Contesting Power and Privacy in Julio-Claudian Rome, 40
families, lycurgus Martin (2009), Divine Talk: Religious Argumentation in Demosthenes, 164, 215
families, manuscript corrections, interpolations and revisions Bickerman and Tropper (2007), Studies in Jewish and Christian History, 432, 564
families, noble Martin (2009), Divine Talk: Religious Argumentation in Demosthenes, 138, 142, 143, 148, 149, 155, 178
families, of soldiers Fertik (2019), The Ruler's House: Contesting Power and Privacy in Julio-Claudian Rome, 22, 23
families, of soldiers and cato the younger Fertik (2019), The Ruler's House: Contesting Power and Privacy in Julio-Claudian Rome, 22, 23
families, pamphylia/pamphylians, greek settlement, estates of senatorial Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 472
families, patchwork Huebner (2013), The Family in Roman Egypt: A Comparative Approach to Intergenerational Solidarity , 126
families, poetics, aristotle, on tragic Jouanna (2018), Sophocles: A Study of His Theater in Its Political and Social Context, 174, 681
families, prytanis, recurrence in Kalinowski (2021), Memory, Family, and Community in Roman Ephesos, 123, 124, 125, 127, 129, 130, 131
families, residence, of soldiers’ Phang (2001), The Marriage of Roman Soldiers (13 B.C. - A.D. 235), 125, 188
families, rome, ancient, prominent Galinsky (2016), Memory in Ancient Rome and Early Christianity, 172, 173, 181, 182, 186, 187, 188, 189
families, ruler and ruled as Fertik (2019), The Ruler's House: Contesting Power and Privacy in Julio-Claudian Rome, 38
families, sacerdotal Dignas (2002), Economy of the Sacred in Hellenistic and Roman Asia Minor, 60, 61, 135, 188, 190
families, senatorial Bruun and Edmondson (2015), The Oxford Handbook of Roman Epigraphy, 127, 133
families, slave Vlassopoulos (2021), Historicising Ancient Slavery, 71, 141, 142, 155, 156, 157, 158, 172
family Albrecht (2014), The Divine Father: Religious and Philosophical Concepts of Divine Parenthood in Antiquity, 177, 203, 327
Avery-Peck, Chilton, and Scott Green (2014), A Legacy of Learning: Essays in Honor of Jacob Neusner , 206, 237
Breytenbach and Tzavella (2022), Early Christianity in Athens, Attica, and Adjacent Areas, 228, 340, 351
Cadwallader (2016), Stones, Bones and the Sacred: Essays on Material Culture and Religion in Honor of Dennis E, 115, 133, 157, 158, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 205, 208, 227, 242, 252, 255, 256
Gaifman (2012), Aniconism in Greek Antiquity, 153, 156, 205, 207, 208, 209, 210, 215, 268, 294, 307
Gunderson (2022), The Social Worlds of Ancient Jews and Christians: Essays in Honor of L. Michael White, 5, 24, 42, 45, 48, 49, 50, 51, 53, 86, 97, 112, 131, 142, 206, 212, 215, 216, 218, 226, 246, 248, 249
Hachlili (2005), Practices And Rites In The Second Temple Period, 36, 40, 64, 131, 168, 172, 184, 185, 191, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 208, 209, 216, 221, 227, 295, 300, 301, 302, 307, 311, 320, 321, 356, 476, 479, 482, 483, 484, 523, 524
Herman, Rubenstein (2018), The Aggada of the Bavli and Its Cultural World. 58, 62, 88, 90, 91, 94, 95, 107, 139, 140, 192, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 247, 249, 264, 291
Huttner (2013), Early Christianity in the Lycus Valley, 61, 143, 144, 145
Lampe (2003), Christians at Rome in the First Two Centuries: From Paul to Valentinus, 31, 63, 103, 221
Lieu (2004), Christian Identity in the Jewish and Graeco-Roman World, 131, 166, 167, 207, 254
Maier and Waldner (2022), Desiring Martyrs: Locating Martyrs in Space and Time, 4, 20, 30, 31, 46, 72, 101, 103, 104, 142, 144, 148, 149, 151, 185, 188, 204
Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 171, 482, 493, 494, 512, 561, 570, 583, 593
Moss (2010), The Other Christs: Imitating Jesus in Ancient Christian Ideologies of Martyrdom, 158, 160
Piovanelli, Burke, Pettipiece (2015), Rediscovering the Apocryphal Continent : New Perspectives on Early Christian and Late Antique Apocryphal Textsand Traditions. De Gruyter: 2015 228, 232, 236, 241, 242
Rothschold, Blanton and Calhoun (2014), The History of Religions School Today : Essays on the New Testament and Related Ancient Mediterranean Texts 19, 192, 217, 219, 241, 246
Rüpke and Woolf (2013), Religious Dimensions of the Self in the Second Century CE. 55, 71, 76, 157, 163, 204, 206, 231, 238, 250, 254, 268
Stavrianopoulou (2006), Ritual and Communication in the Graeco-Roman World, 221, 222, 223, 226, 248, 260
Stuckenbruck (2007), 1 Enoch 91-108, 58, 68, 112, 117, 118, 123, 160, 161, 269, 431, 432
Tanaseanu-Döbler and von Alvensleben (2020), Athens II: Athens in Late Antiquity, 17, 77, 78, 79, 92, 142, 147, 151, 159, 160, 188, 230, 234, 255, 260, 261, 264, 267, 272, 402, 403, 404, 405, 406, 407, 408
Tuori (2016), The Emperor of Law: The Emergence of Roman Imperial Adjudication<, 35, 75, 81, 105, 117, 128, 141, 144, 145, 147, 157, 183, 208, 269
Weissenrieder (2016), Borders: Terminologies, Ideologies, and Performances 3, 37, 39, 40, 50, 80, 190, 205, 247, 250, 273, 312, 313, 366, 387, 396, 403, 429
Welch (2015), Tarpeia: Workings of a Roman Myth. 23, 56, 82, 97, 108, 111, 114, 147, 148, 152, 153, 154, 156, 159, 160, 161, 162, 163, 173, 175, 176, 177, 206, 233, 292
family, affections, homer, odysseus Toloni (2022), The Story of Tobit: A Comparative Literary Analysis, 23, 25, 28, 29, 51, 54, 57
family, affections, homer, odyssey, themes of plot, home and Toloni (2022), The Story of Tobit: A Comparative Literary Analysis, 17, 19, 23, 25, 27, 28, 46, 48, 181
family, affections, tobiah Toloni (2022), The Story of Tobit: A Comparative Literary Analysis, 19, 20, 57
family, affective bonds Hug (2023), Fertility, Ideology, and the Cultural Politics of Reproduction at Rome, 120
family, agariste, of alkmaionid Eidinow (2007), Oracles, Curses, and Risk Among the Ancient Greeks, 310
family, aischines, date of birth, and Humphreys (2018), Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis, 316, 389, 457, 467, 511, 698, 903, 1024, 1216
family, alliances and, adoption Hug (2023), Fertility, Ideology, and the Cultural Politics of Reproduction at Rome, 19
family, ancestry Azar (2016), Exegeting the Jews: the early reception of the Johannine "Jews", 124, 125, 150
family, and atreus Bexley (2022), Seneca's Characters: Fictional Identities and Implied Human Selves, 310, 311, 312
family, and augustus, domus augusta, imperial Fertik (2019), The Ruler's House: Contesting Power and Privacy in Julio-Claudian Rome, 11, 39, 40, 47, 48, 58
family, and caligula, domus augusta, imperial Fertik (2019), The Ruler's House: Contesting Power and Privacy in Julio-Claudian Rome, 49
family, and claudius, domus augusta, imperial Fertik (2019), The Ruler's House: Contesting Power and Privacy in Julio-Claudian Rome, 49, 50, 51, 53, 54, 58
family, and friends, plutarch, representation of plutarch's König (2012), Saints and Symposiasts: The Literature of Food and the Symposium in Greco-Roman and Early Christian Culture, 64
family, and hippolytus Bexley (2022), Seneca's Characters: Fictional Identities and Implied Human Selves, 285, 286
family, and kin lykourgos Humphreys (2018), Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis, 70, 114, 115, 140, 285, 418, 511, 677, 682, 710, 711, 715, 852, 975, 1001, 1080, 1103, 1227
family, and life of josephus Taylor (2012), The Essenes, the Scrolls, and the Dead Sea, 49, 54, 102, 142
family, and life of philo of alexandria Taylor (2012), The Essenes, the Scrolls, and the Dead Sea, 37, 142
Taylor and Hay (2020), Philo of Alexandria: On the Contemplative Life: Introduction, Translation and Commentary, 3, 160, 162, 164, 235, 238
family, and memory Marincola et al. (2021), Lloyd Llewellyn-Jones and Calum Maciver, Greek Notions of the Past in the Archaic and Classical Eras: History Without Historians, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192
family, and monks Brakke, Satlow, Weitzman (2005), Religion and the Self in Antiquity. 227, 228
family, and nero, domus augusta, imperial Fertik (2019), The Ruler's House: Contesting Power and Privacy in Julio-Claudian Rome, 51, 55, 56, 57, 58
family, and paternity Bexley (2022), Seneca's Characters: Fictional Identities and Implied Human Selves, 95, 96, 310, 311, 312
family, and people of rome, domus augusta, imperial Fertik (2019), The Ruler's House: Contesting Power and Privacy in Julio-Claudian Rome, 57
family, and reunion Bexley (2022), Seneca's Characters: Fictional Identities and Implied Human Selves, 57, 58, 59, 94, 95, 96, 319
family, and self Brakke, Satlow, Weitzman (2005), Religion and the Self in Antiquity. 228
family, and tiberius, domus augusta, imperial Fertik (2019), The Ruler's House: Contesting Power and Privacy in Julio-Claudian Rome, 48, 49
family, and ζωὴ λογική, νοῦς, lexeme Dürr (2022), Paul on the Human Vocation: Reason Language in Romans and Ancient Philosophical Tradition, 56
family, and λόγος/λογικόν, νοῦς, lexeme Dürr (2022), Paul on the Human Vocation: Reason Language in Romans and Ancient Philosophical Tradition, 196
family, and, adoption, imperial Hug (2023), Fertility, Ideology, and the Cultural Politics of Reproduction at Rome, 119, 126, 229, 232, 234, 235, 236, 237
family, apion Ayres Champion and Crawford (2023), The Intellectual World of Late Antique Christianity: Reshaping Classical Traditions. 621
family, apollodoros son of pasion, and Humphreys (2018), Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis, 47, 163, 164, 166, 167, 171, 183, 284, 315, 1104
family, aradii, senatorial Bruun and Edmondson (2015), The Oxford Handbook of Roman Epigraphy, 115, 133
family, archaic greek Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 126
family, archives of anani Salvesen et al. (2020), Israel in Egypt: The Land of Egypt as Concept and Reality for Jews in Antiquity and the Early Medieval Period, 67
family, archives of ananiah, servant of the temple of yhw on yeb Salvesen et al. (2020), Israel in Egypt: The Land of Egypt as Concept and Reality for Jews in Antiquity and the Early Medieval Period, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 79, 80, 81
family, archives of mibtahiah, miptahiah Salvesen et al. (2020), Israel in Egypt: The Land of Egypt as Concept and Reality for Jews in Antiquity and the Early Medieval Period, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 79, 80, 81
family, archives, private and Halser (2020), Archival Historiography in Jewish Antiquity, 19, 147
family, as nucleus of society Huebner (2013), The Family in Roman Egypt: A Comparative Approach to Intergenerational Solidarity , 3
family, as source of emulation Bexley (2022), Seneca's Characters: Fictional Identities and Implied Human Selves, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 109, 110, 111, 115, 116, 117, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 150, 151, 159, 160
family, aspects, christians/ity Bremmer (2017), Magic and Martyrs in Early Christianity: Collected Essays, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25
family, at rome, cesi Bruun and Edmondson (2015), The Oxford Handbook of Roman Epigraphy, 57
family, at rome, massimo Bruun and Edmondson (2015), The Oxford Handbook of Roman Epigraphy, 58
family, authority Huebner (2013), The Family in Roman Egypt: A Comparative Approach to Intergenerational Solidarity , 3, 125, 127, 133, 148, 155, 172
family, autochthony, metaphor of the Barbato (2020), The Ideology of Democratic Athens: Institutions, Orators and the Mythical Past, 97, 98, 99, 100, 106, 107, 108
family, bacchiad Bednarek (2021), The Myth of Lycurgus in Aeschylus, Naevius, and beyond, 13
family, birthdays of the members of the imperial Erker (2023), Ambiguity and Religion in Ovid’s Fasti: Religious Innovation and the Imperial Family, 65, 66, 69, 70, 202, 203, 217, 219
family, blended Hug (2023), Fertility, Ideology, and the Cultural Politics of Reproduction at Rome, 25
family, borghese Jenkyns (2013), God, Space, and City in the Roman Imagination, 53
family, bāba-šuma-ibni Arboll (2020), Medicine in Ancient Assur: A Microhistorical Study of the Neo-Assyrian Healer Ki?ir-Aššur, 20, 22, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 34, 58, 62, 70, 114, 118, 141, 145, 146, 147, 148, 152, 153, 186, 187, 193, 208, 210, 211, 259, 260, 262
family, bēl-kundi-ilāya Arboll (2020), Medicine in Ancient Assur: A Microhistorical Study of the Neo-Assyrian Healer Ki?ir-Aššur, 119
family, center of education Carr (2004), Writing on the Tablet of the Heart: Origins of Scripture and Literature, 21, 67, 129, 130, 143, 203, 205, 208
family, childlessness, in imperial Hug (2023), Fertility, Ideology, and the Cultural Politics of Reproduction at Rome, 186, 205, 206, 207, 208, 221, 222, 223, 225, 227, 229, 232, 235, 236, 237
family, children Penniman (2017), Raised on Christian Milk: Food and the Formation of the Soul in Early Christianity, 44
Rüpke and Woolf (2013), Religious Dimensions of the Self in the Second Century CE. 56, 71, 72, 74, 79, 85, 142, 179, 181, 182, 184, 185, 197, 204, 205, 206, 207, 230, 231, 238, 251, 266, 267, 270
family, christian Moss (2012), Ancient Christian Martyrdom: Diverse Practices, Theologies, and Traditions, 112, 131
family, christian asceticism, and ideas of Huebner and Laes (2019), Aulus Gellius and Roman Reading Culture: Text, Presence and Imperial Knowledge in the 'Noctes Atticae', 287, 288
family, christianity Penniman (2017), Raised on Christian Milk: Food and the Formation of the Soul in Early Christianity, 18, 163
family, christians as Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 320, 321, 322
family, citizenship, philo and his Schliesser et al. (2021), Alexandria: Hub of the Hellenistic World. 248
family, civil wars, and Fertik (2019), The Ruler's House: Contesting Power and Privacy in Julio-Claudian Rome, 22
family, codes, sexuality, beard Rüpke and Woolf (2013), Religious Dimensions of the Self in the Second Century CE. 202, 208, 209, 210
family, codes, sexuality, depilation Rüpke and Woolf (2013), Religious Dimensions of the Self in the Second Century CE. 82, 83, 208, 209, 210, 212
family, codes, sexuality, effeminacy Rüpke and Woolf (2013), Religious Dimensions of the Self in the Second Century CE. 80, 81, 82, 84
family, codes, sexuality, hair Rüpke and Woolf (2013), Religious Dimensions of the Self in the Second Century CE. 73, 83
family, codes, sexuality, jewelry Rüpke and Woolf (2013), Religious Dimensions of the Self in the Second Century CE. 70, 82, 83
family, codes, sexuality, masculinity/feminity Rüpke and Woolf (2013), Religious Dimensions of the Self in the Second Century CE. 51, 56, 68, 70, 76, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 138, 193, 208, 209, 210
family, coinage, marcii Galinsky (2016), Memory in Ancient Rome and Early Christianity, 188, 189
family, composition Huebner (2013), The Family in Roman Egypt: A Comparative Approach to Intergenerational Solidarity , 47
family, conflict in tragedy Seaford (2018), Tragedy, Ritual and Money in Ancient Greece: Selected Essays, 308
family, conflict with Moss (2012), Ancient Christian Martyrdom: Diverse Practices, Theologies, and Traditions, 141
family, continuity of Hug (2023), Fertility, Ideology, and the Cultural Politics of Reproduction at Rome, 122, 123
family, cornelii scipiones, senatorial Bruun and Edmondson (2015), The Oxford Handbook of Roman Epigraphy, 92, 95, 96, 279, 399, 628, 767
family, cult Mackey (2022), Belief and Cult: Rethinking Roman Religion, 263, 281
Rupke (2016), Religious Deviance in the Roman World Superstition or Individuality?, 30
family, curse/inherited evil, passion as Meinel (2015), Pollution and Crisis in Greek Tragedy, 25, 26
family, curse/inherited passion as evil, suicide Meinel (2015), Pollution and Crisis in Greek Tragedy, 30, 32
family, dasii, apulian Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 120
family, defence Barbato (2020), The Ideology of Democratic Athens: Institutions, Orators and the Mythical Past, 48
family, defence, myths transmitted through Barbato (2020), The Ideology of Democratic Athens: Institutions, Orators and the Mythical Past, 49
family, definition of domus augusta, imperial Fertik (2019), The Ruler's House: Contesting Power and Privacy in Julio-Claudian Rome, 40
family, demetrios of phaleron Humphreys (2018), Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis, 1137, 1138
family, dikaiogenes Eidinow (2007), Oracles, Curses, and Risk Among the Ancient Greeks, 306
family, divi and divae, deified emperors and members of imperial Bruun and Edmondson (2015), The Oxford Handbook of Roman Epigraphy, 4, 18, 23, 45, 49, 98, 99, 179, 180, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 188, 189, 192, 195, 196, 198, 290, 338, 352, 353, 355, 357, 435
family, divinity as father Rüpke and Woolf (2013), Religious Dimensions of the Self in the Second Century CE. 29, 33, 35, 77, 78, 79, 81, 84, 85, 96, 98, 101, 121, 133, 137, 141
family, divinizing Penniman (2017), Raised on Christian Milk: Food and the Formation of the Soul in Early Christianity, 140, 141
family, divisions described in letter of severus of minorca on the conversion of the jews Kraemer (2020), The Mediterranean Diaspora in Late Antiquity: What Christianity Cost the Jews, 346
family, domitii ahenobarbi, consular Bruun and Edmondson (2015), The Oxford Handbook of Roman Epigraphy, 165
family, domus augusta, imperial Fertik (2019), The Ruler's House: Contesting Power and Privacy in Julio-Claudian Rome, 38, 53
family, envy in Azar (2016), Exegeting the Jews: the early reception of the Johannine "Jews", 136
family, epictetus, on caring for Graver (2007), Stoicism and Emotion, 178
family, eschatology, spiritual Huebner and Laes (2019), Aulus Gellius and Roman Reading Culture: Text, Presence and Imperial Knowledge in the 'Noctes Atticae', 194, 195
family, estates, landowner Mitchell and Pilhofer (2019), Early Christianity in Asia Minor and Cyprus: From the Margins to the Mainstream, 8, 25, 26, 33, 50, 57, 83, 102, 142
family, eupolemus, accos priestly Potter Suh and Holladay (2021), Hellenistic Jewish Literature and the New Testament: Collected Essays, 118, 123
family, event Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 322
family, fictive kinship Gray (2021), Gregory of Nyssa as Biographer: Weaving Lives for Virtuous Readers, 60, 61, 212
family, flavii vedii, origin of Kalinowski (2021), Memory, Family, and Community in Roman Ephesos, 71
family, from pompeii, lucretii valentes Bruun and Edmondson (2015), The Oxford Handbook of Roman Epigraphy, 95
family, genealogies of mania Johnston and Struck (2005), Mantikê: Studies in Ancient Divination, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 192, 193
family, goliath Gordon (2020), Land and Temple: Field Sacralization and the Agrarian Priesthood of Second Temple Judaism, 202
family, graves Breytenbach and Tzavella (2022), Early Christianity in Athens, Attica, and Adjacent Areas, 237, 275, 285, 309, 322, 323, 326
family, greek under the persians Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 141, 157, 168
family, groups, statues Kalinowski (2021), Memory, Family, and Community in Roman Ephesos, 81, 82, 84, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170
family, guardian, zeus Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 495
family, hagnon Eidinow (2007), Oracles, Curses, and Risk Among the Ancient Greeks, 306
family, holy Tefera and Stuckenbruck (2021), Representations of Angelic Beings in Early Jewish and in Christian Traditions, 139, 146
Toloni (2022), The Story of Tobit: A Comparative Literary Analysis, 48
family, holy men, separation from Bar Asher Siegal (2013), Early Christian Monastic Literature and the Babylonian Talmud, 126, 127
family, household Cadwallader (2016), Stones, Bones and the Sacred: Essays on Material Culture and Religion in Honor of Dennis E, 160, 166, 174
Rüpke and Woolf (2013), Religious Dimensions of the Self in the Second Century CE. 68, 69, 71, 72, 73, 75, 76, 81, 83, 157, 176, 198
family, household extended Huebner (2013), The Family in Roman Egypt: A Comparative Approach to Intergenerational Solidarity , 16, 23, 35, 43, 47, 85, 96, 99, 105, 110, 111, 112, 131, 145, 151, 157, 165, 167
family, household multiple Huebner (2013), The Family in Roman Egypt: A Comparative Approach to Intergenerational Solidarity , 35, 41, 43, 50, 51, 96, 99, 101, 110, 112, 143, 150, 189
family, household nuclear Huebner (2013), The Family in Roman Egypt: A Comparative Approach to Intergenerational Solidarity , 16, 34, 35, 43, 47, 50, 51, 95, 97, 100, 110, 125, 126, 131, 175
family, ideal Hug (2023), Fertility, Ideology, and the Cultural Politics of Reproduction at Rome, 1, 2, 92
family, ideal relationships Gray (2021), Gregory of Nyssa as Biographer: Weaving Lives for Virtuous Readers, 56, 99, 178, 179
family, identity, human Edmonds (2004), Myths of the Underworld Journey: Plato, Aristophanes, and the ‘Orphic’ Gold Tablets, 70, 78, 79, 80, 101
family, ideology as center of roman life Peppard (2011), The Son of God in the Roman World: Divine Sonship in its Social and Political Context, 51, 138
family, ideology importance of ancestral genealogy Peppard (2011), The Son of God in the Roman World: Divine Sonship in its Social and Political Context, 74, 75
family, ideology importance of status and inheritance Peppard (2011), The Son of God in the Roman World: Divine Sonship in its Social and Political Context, 51, 55, 59
family, ideology readiness to extend relationships Peppard (2011), The Son of God in the Roman World: Divine Sonship in its Social and Political Context, 51, 140
family, ideology relationship to imperial head Peppard (2011), The Son of God in the Roman World: Divine Sonship in its Social and Political Context, 65
family, ideology supreme authority of fathers Peppard (2011), The Son of God in the Roman World: Divine Sonship in its Social and Political Context, 51, 59
family, imperial Athanassaki and Titchener (2022), Plutarch's Cities, 96
Clark (2007), Divine Qualities: Cult and Community in Republican Rome, 269
Erker (2023), Ambiguity and Religion in Ovid’s Fasti: Religious Innovation and the Imperial Family, 2, 6, 20, 24, 37, 41, 49, 52, 54, 55, 56, 57, 64, 65, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 79, 81, 84, 101, 107, 112, 120, 126, 131, 132, 133, 140, 145, 148, 149, 151, 168, 169, 174, 176, 182, 184, 187, 200, 202, 203, 221, 224, 227, 230, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246
Klein and Wienand (2022), City of Caesar, City of God: Constantinople and Jerusalem in Late Antiquity, 30, 52, 54, 199
Shannon-Henderson (2019), Power Play in Latin Love Elegy and its Multiple Forms of Continuity in Ovid’s , 5, 8, 39, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 52, 56, 62, 67, 76, 97, 115, 116, 118, 124, 126, 127, 128, 131, 135, 139, 140, 149, 164, 173, 181, 182, 194, 209, 211, 213, 219, 236, 257, 268, 278, 281, 288, 292, 296, 302, 304, 340, 341, 342, 343, 344, 352
family, imperial administration and the city Breytenbach and Tzavella (2022), Early Christianity in Athens, Attica, and Adjacent Areas, 85
family, imperial vs. local definitions of domus augusta, imperial Fertik (2019), The Ruler's House: Contesting Power and Privacy in Julio-Claudian Rome, 47, 58
family, imperial, about Hug (2023), Fertility, Ideology, and the Cultural Politics of Reproduction at Rome, 162
family, imperial, adoption and Hug (2023), Fertility, Ideology, and the Cultural Politics of Reproduction at Rome, 119, 126, 229, 232, 234, 235, 236, 237
family, imperial, childlessness within Hug (2023), Fertility, Ideology, and the Cultural Politics of Reproduction at Rome, 186, 205, 206, 207, 208, 221, 222, 223, 225, 227, 232, 235, 236, 237
family, imperial, dynastic conflict Hug (2023), Fertility, Ideology, and the Cultural Politics of Reproduction at Rome, 199, 200, 201
family, imperial, importance of maternal line Hug (2023), Fertility, Ideology, and the Cultural Politics of Reproduction at Rome, 216, 217, 218, 225, 232
family, imperial, pignora pacis Hug (2023), Fertility, Ideology, and the Cultural Politics of Reproduction at Rome, 208, 209, 210, 211
family, imperial, public imagery of Hug (2023), Fertility, Ideology, and the Cultural Politics of Reproduction at Rome, 196, 197, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 221
family, in aḥiqar Toloni (2022), The Story of Tobit: A Comparative Literary Analysis, 120
family, in euripides’ heracles Bexley (2022), Seneca's Characters: Fictional Identities and Implied Human Selves, 154, 155, 156
family, in hercules Bexley (2022), Seneca's Characters: Fictional Identities and Implied Human Selves, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 178, 179
family, in isakis son of straton, of jewish thebes Salvesen et al. (2020), Israel in Egypt: The Land of Egypt as Concept and Reality for Jews in Antiquity and the Early Medieval Period, 306, 307
family, in job Toloni (2022), The Story of Tobit: A Comparative Literary Analysis, 78, 79, 80, 81, 88, 89, 90
family, in odyssey Toloni (2022), The Story of Tobit: A Comparative Literary Analysis, 19, 23, 27, 28, 29, 45, 46, 48, 50, 55, 152, 181
family, in roman society Moss (2012), Ancient Christian Martyrdom: Diverse Practices, Theologies, and Traditions, 137, 138, 175
family, in romans, νοῦς, lexeme Dürr (2022), Paul on the Human Vocation: Reason Language in Romans and Ancient Philosophical Tradition, 195, 196, 264, 265
family, in straton son of straton, of jewish thebes Salvesen et al. (2020), Israel in Egypt: The Land of Egypt as Concept and Reality for Jews in Antiquity and the Early Medieval Period, 306, 307
family, in straton son of straton, of jewish thebes, ‘street of the king’ Salvesen et al. (2020), Israel in Egypt: The Land of Egypt as Concept and Reality for Jews in Antiquity and the Early Medieval Period, 62
family, in tobit Toloni (2022), The Story of Tobit: A Comparative Literary Analysis, 5, 10, 11, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 27, 48, 49, 50, 51, 54, 55, 56, 73, 76, 87, 90, 91, 99, 110, 120, 124, 129, 130, 131, 142, 143, 144, 152, 173, 181, 186, 199, 208, 213, 217
family, in νοῦς, lexeme aristotle, ethica nicomachea Dürr (2022), Paul on the Human Vocation: Reason Language in Romans and Ancient Philosophical Tradition, 119, 120
family, in νοῦς, lexeme plato, timaeus Dürr (2022), Paul on the Human Vocation: Reason Language in Romans and Ancient Philosophical Tradition, 109
family, iphikrates Humphreys (2018), Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis, 272, 504, 688, 702, 1143, 1147
family, issues, curses and curse-tablets, defixiones Bruun and Edmondson (2015), The Oxford Handbook of Roman Epigraphy, 564
family, jesus Monnickendam (2020), Jewish Law and Early Christian Identity: Betrothal, Marriage, and Infidelity in the Writings of Ephrem the Syrian, 54
family, jesus, teaching on natal Huebner and Laes (2019), Aulus Gellius and Roman Reading Culture: Text, Presence and Imperial Knowledge in the 'Noctes Atticae', 192, 194, 195
family, jewish Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 217, 398, 399
family, journey, holy Toloni (2022), The Story of Tobit: A Comparative Literary Analysis, 48
family, judaism Penniman (2017), Raised on Christian Milk: Food and the Formation of the Soul in Early Christianity, 55
family, julio-claudians, and Fertik (2019), The Ruler's House: Contesting Power and Privacy in Julio-Claudian Rome, 40
family, keil, josef, on vedian gladiatorial Kalinowski (2021), Memory, Family, and Community in Roman Ephesos, 227
family, konon and kin Humphreys (2018), Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis, 154, 155, 707, 1164, 1198, 1200, 1201
family, law Czajkowski et al. (2020), Vitruvian Man: Rome under Construction, 47, 48, 56
family, law, marriage Hayes (2022), The Literature of the Sages: A Re-Visioning, 364
family, leaving behind of Taylor and Hay (2020), Philo of Alexandria: On the Contemplative Life: Introduction, Translation and Commentary, 159, 160, 170, 236
family, life, tacitus, on the britons, on german Isaac (2004), The invention of racism in classical antiquity, 432
family, limitation Hug (2023), Fertility, Ideology, and the Cultural Politics of Reproduction at Rome, 31, 39
family, limitation, death of first spouse Hug (2023), Fertility, Ideology, and the Cultural Politics of Reproduction at Rome, 31, 39
family, limitation, elite, roman, and deliberate Hug (2023), Fertility, Ideology, and the Cultural Politics of Reproduction at Rome, 31, 39
family, line extinguished, perjury, punishments for Sommerstein and Torrance (2014), Oaths and Swearing in Ancient Greece, 13, 90, 241, 295
family, lineage Pomeroy (2021), Chrysostom as Exegete: Scholarly Traditions and Rhetorical Aims in the Homilies on Genesis, 160
family, lineage of jesus, pauline epistles Peppard (2011), The Son of God in the Roman World: Divine Sonship in its Social and Political Context, 138, 141
family, lines through, adoption in roman society preservation of Peppard (2011), The Son of God in the Roman World: Divine Sonship in its Social and Political Context, 51, 136
family, marcii Galinsky (2016), Memory in Ancient Rome and Early Christianity, 186
family, marriage Rüpke and Woolf (2013), Religious Dimensions of the Self in the Second Century CE. 67, 68, 105, 160, 161, 163, 164, 204, 205, 206, 207, 209, 237, 238
family, marriage and children Tanaseanu-Döbler and von Alvensleben (2020), Athens II: Athens in Late Antiquity, 19, 77, 79, 158, 239, 255, 263, 266, 380, 402, 403, 404, 405, 406, 407, 408, 410
family, medicine, pater / patres, and Walters (2020), Imagery of the Body Politic in Ciceronian Rome, 37
family, members and ancestors, sculpture, of Eliav (2023), A Jew in the Roman Bathhouse: Cultural Interaction in the Ancient Mediterranean, 126, 173, 174
family, members in dreams, asklepios, accompanied by Renberg (2017), Where Dreams May Come: Incubation Sanctuaries in the Greco-Roman World, 223, 224, 225, 239
family, members of josephus Arampapaslis, Augoustakis, Froedge, Schroer (2023), Dynamics Of Marginality: Liminal Characters and Marginal Groups in Neronian and Flavian Literature. 12
family, members, asklepios and incubation reliefs, representation of patients Renberg (2017), Where Dreams May Come: Incubation Sanctuaries in the Greco-Roman World, 225, 226
family, members, caracalla, roman emperor, plots against Scott (2023), An Age of Iron and Rust: Cassius Dio and the History of His Time. 133
family, members, grief, for Graver (2007), Stoicism and Emotion, 178
family, members, hygieia, and asklepioss Renberg (2017), Where Dreams May Come: Incubation Sanctuaries in the Greco-Roman World, 118
family, members, order of listed Huebner (2013), The Family in Roman Egypt: A Comparative Approach to Intergenerational Solidarity , 125, 126, 127, 128, 130
family, members, visits between Huebner (2013), The Family in Roman Egypt: A Comparative Approach to Intergenerational Solidarity , 88, 118, 121, 143
family, memory, and Marincola et al. (2021), Lloyd Llewellyn-Jones and Calum Maciver, Greek Notions of the Past in the Archaic and Classical Eras: History Without Historians, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192
family, memory, critias, and Bartninkas (2023), Traditional and Cosmic Gods in Later Plato and the Early Academy. 116
family, memory, onomastics, and Kalinowski (2021), Memory, Family, and Community in Roman Ephesos, 75
family, mermnades, lydian royal Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 112
family, migration Tacoma (2016), Models from the Past in Roman Culture: A World of Exempla, 120, 121, 122
family, mixture of name-elements in Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 398
family, models, acting, and Bexley (2022), Seneca's Characters: Fictional Identities and Implied Human Selves, 111, 128, 139, 142
family, models, exemplarity, and Bexley (2022), Seneca's Characters: Fictional Identities and Implied Human Selves, 100, 101, 103, 104, 105, 106, 111, 115, 116, 117, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 141, 142, 146, 147, 150, 151, 159, 160
family, monasticism, and Brakke, Satlow, Weitzman (2005), Religion and the Self in Antiquity. 228
family, name Parker (2005), Polytheism and Society at Athens, 10, 442
family, name for macrina, thecla, saint, as Ayres Champion and Crawford (2023), The Intellectual World of Late Antique Christianity: Reshaping Classical Traditions. 354
family, name for, macrina, thecla as secret Ayres Champion and Crawford (2023), The Intellectual World of Late Antique Christianity: Reshaping Classical Traditions. 354
family, names Breytenbach and Tzavella (2022), Early Christianity in Athens, Attica, and Adjacent Areas, 245, 261
family, names, personal, mixture of name-elements in a single Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 398
family, names, repetition in Brule (2003), Women of Ancient Greece, 120
family, neglect of Taylor and Hay (2020), Philo of Alexandria: On the Contemplative Life: Introduction, Translation and Commentary, 151, 152, 153, 236, 237
family, nero, murders Davies (2004), Rome's Religious History: Livy, Tacitus and Ammianus on their Gods, 198, 201
family, networks in mythical past Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 242, 475
family, new testament, on jesus Huebner (2013), The Family in Roman Egypt: A Comparative Approach to Intergenerational Solidarity and Conflict. 73, 76
family, nikias Humphreys (2018), Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis, 427, 432, 443, 445, 461, 503
family, nourishment/nurturance Penniman (2017), Raised on Christian Milk: Food and the Formation of the Soul in Early Christianity, 140, 141
family, of adiabene, adiabene, conversion of royal Goodman (2006), Judaism in the Roman World: Collected Essays, 92, 150
family, of aeschylus Jouanna (2018), Sophocles: A Study of His Theater in Its Political and Social Context, 90, 104, 662
family, of agamemnon, tragic Jouanna (2018), Sophocles: A Study of His Theater in Its Political and Social Context, 162
family, of alcmeon, mythic Jouanna (2018), Sophocles: A Study of His Theater in Its Political and Social Context, 115, 116, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124
family, of alopeke, kallias Humphreys (2018), Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis, 272, 451, 639, 1180, 1181, 1182, 1218, 1219
family, of antigone Jouanna (2018), Sophocles: A Study of His Theater in Its Political and Social Context, 314, 315
family, of arria Moss (2012), Ancient Christian Martyrdom: Diverse Practices, Theologies, and Traditions, 31
family, of asclepiads Jouanna (2012), Greek Medicine from Hippocrates to Galen, 113, 115
family, of asklepios Eisenfeld (2022), Pindar and Greek Religion Theologies of Mortality in the Victory Odes, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219
family, of deceased Stavrianopoulou (2006), Ritual and Communication in the Graeco-Roman World, 224
family, of demeter, in “sacred eleusis, ” Simon, Zeyl, and Shapiro, (2021), The Gods of the Greeks, 125
family, of dionysus, in “sacred eleusis, ” Simon, Zeyl, and Shapiro, (2021), The Gods of the Greeks, 125
family, of eleusis from, eleusis, mondragone, votive relief of sacred Simon, Zeyl, and Shapiro, (2021), The Gods of the Greeks, 125, 127
family, of eleusis from, mondragone, votive relief of sacred Simon, Zeyl, and Shapiro, (2021), The Gods of the Greeks, 125, 127
family, of eleusis from, votives, mondragone, votive relief of sacred Simon, Zeyl, and Shapiro, (2021), The Gods of the Greeks, 125, 127
family, of faustina, extended Kraemer (2020), The Mediterranean Diaspora in Late Antiquity: What Christianity Cost the Jews, 366, 367, 375, 376, 389
family, of flavia lepida, natal Kalinowski (2021), Memory, Family, and Community in Roman Ephesos, 78, 79, 80, 394, 395
family, of flavia pasinice, statue group of Kalinowski (2021), Memory, Family, and Community in Roman Ephesos, 81, 82, 84, 167, 388, 392, 395
family, of god Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 314, 315, 321, 322, 323
family, of god, martyr Moss (2010), The Other Christs: Imitating Jesus in Ancient Christian Ideologies of Martyrdom, 158, 160
family, of gregory and macrina Gray (2021), Gregory of Nyssa as Biographer: Weaving Lives for Virtuous Readers, 4, 6, 7, 8, 10, 47, 95, 96, 112, 116, 117, 159, 169
family, of hermes, in “sacred eleusis, ” Simon, Zeyl, and Shapiro, (2021), The Gods of the Greeks, 125
family, of hippocrates Jouanna (2018), Sophocles: A Study of His Theater in Its Political and Social Context, 102
family, of jesus Avery-Peck, Chilton, and Scott Green (2014), A Legacy of Learning: Essays in Honor of Jacob Neusner , 255
family, of lucretia Moss (2012), Ancient Christian Martyrdom: Diverse Practices, Theologies, and Traditions, 31
family, of moses Gray (2021), Gregory of Nyssa as Biographer: Weaving Lives for Virtuous Readers, 106, 166
family, of oedipus Jouanna (2018), Sophocles: A Study of His Theater in Its Political and Social Context, 314, 315
family, of oedipus, mythic Jouanna (2018), Sophocles: A Study of His Theater in Its Political and Social Context, 115, 116, 118, 124, 125, 126
family, of orestes, mythic Jouanna (2018), Sophocles: A Study of His Theater in Its Political and Social Context, 115, 116, 118, 124, 125, 126
family, of perpetua Moss (2012), Ancient Christian Martyrdom: Diverse Practices, Theologies, and Traditions, 131, 132
family, of persephone/kore, in “sacred eleusis, ” Simon, Zeyl, and Shapiro, (2021), The Gods of the Greeks, 125
family, of philo Birnbaum and Dillon (2020), Philo of Alexandria: On the Life of Abraham: Introduction, Translation, and Commentary, 18
family, of philocles Jouanna (2018), Sophocles: A Study of His Theater in Its Political and Social Context, 104
family, of soldiers and cato the younger, commanders as Fertik (2019), The Ruler's House: Contesting Power and Privacy in Julio-Claudian Rome, 23, 27, 28, 35, 36, 37
family, of sophocles Jouanna (2018), Sophocles: A Study of His Theater in Its Political and Social Context, 101, 102, 104
family, of thaumaturgus Gray (2021), Gregory of Nyssa as Biographer: Weaving Lives for Virtuous Readers, 59
family, of tobit Langstaff, Stuckenbruck, and Tilly, (2022), The Lord’s Prayer, 75
family, of zeus, in “sacred eleusis, ” Simon, Zeyl, and Shapiro, (2021), The Gods of the Greeks, 125
family, office holding Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 419
family, origin Breytenbach and Tzavella (2022), Early Christianity in Athens, Attica, and Adjacent Areas, 123, 249, 250, 253, 254, 263, 264, 362
family, origins of flavius damianus, t., sophist Kalinowski (2021), Memory, Family, and Community in Roman Ephesos, 71
family, paul, as source on Moss (2012), Ancient Christian Martyrdom: Diverse Practices, Theologies, and Traditions, 112
family, piety, household, oikos Eidinow and Kindt (2015), The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Greek Religion, 107, 242, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 251, 252, 497
family, plato Humphreys (2018), Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis, 100, 121, 158, 160, 425, 427, 503, 848, 1018
family, pompey, and Fertik (2019), The Ruler's House: Contesting Power and Privacy in Julio-Claudian Rome, 23
family, property Lavee (2017), The Rabbinic Conversion of Judaism The Unique Perspective of the Bavli on Conversion and the Construction of Jewish Identity, 160, 204, 205, 206, 207, 209
family, relations Breytenbach and Tzavella (2022), Early Christianity in Athens, Attica, and Adjacent Areas, 92, 237, 294, 295, 296
family, relations and structures, family Bruun and Edmondson (2015), The Oxford Handbook of Roman Epigraphy, 132, 242, 264, 266, 267, 268, 373, 568, 572
family, relations, devotion, severing Lavee (2017), The Rabbinic Conversion of Judaism The Unique Perspective of the Bavli on Conversion and the Construction of Jewish Identity, 203, 204, 209
family, relationships and, epitaphs Cadwallader (2016), Stones, Bones and the Sacred: Essays on Material Culture and Religion in Honor of Dennis E, 160, 166, 174, 175, 181, 182
family, relationships of germanicus Shannon-Henderson (2019), Power Play in Latin Love Elegy and its Multiple Forms of Continuity in Ovid’s , 5, 64
family, relationships ὁμαίμωνnan, zeus, protector of Peels (2016), Hosios: A Semantic Study of Greek Piety, 125, 126
family, relationships, hercules, and Bexley (2022), Seneca's Characters: Fictional Identities and Implied Human Selves, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160
family, relationships, identity, in context of Bexley (2022), Seneca's Characters: Fictional Identities and Implied Human Selves, 57, 58, 59, 94, 95, 96, 97, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 109, 110, 111, 115, 116, 117, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 145, 146, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 294, 295, 310, 311, 312, 316, 317, 318
family, relationships, more hosios, and cognates, in context of general Peels (2016), Hosios: A Semantic Study of Greek Piety, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 125, 126, 137, 138
family, relationships, risk reduction Verhagen (2022), Security and Credit in Roman Law: The Historical Evolution of Pignus and Hypotheca, 73, 74
family, religion group style Brand (2022), Religion and the Everyday Life of Manichaeans in Kellis: Beyond Light and Darkness, 60
family, resemblance Hug (2023), Fertility, Ideology, and the Cultural Politics of Reproduction at Rome, 88, 122, 123, 136, 236
Osborne (1996), Eros Unveiled: Plato and the God of Love. 49, 50
family, resemblances in figural reading Dawson (2001), Christian Figural Reading and the Fashioning of Identity, 146
family, resemblances, in figural reading Dawson (2001), Christian Figural Reading and the Fashioning of Identity, 146
family, ritual Stavrianopoulou (2006), Ritual and Communication in the Graeco-Roman World, 223, 224, 225
family, roman Huebner (2013), The Family in Roman Egypt: A Comparative Approach to Intergenerational Solidarity , 16
family, roman empire/sociopolitical realm as a Peppard (2011), The Son of God in the Roman World: Divine Sonship in its Social and Political Context, 62, 63
family, roman, imperial Bruun and Edmondson (2015), The Oxford Handbook of Roman Epigraphy, 186, 188, 189, 190, 191, 352, 353, 354, 355, 356
family, romance de Bakker, van den Berg, and Klooster (2022), Emotions and Narrative in Ancient Literature and Beyond, 684
family, rome Penniman (2017), Raised on Christian Milk: Food and the Formation of the Soul in Early Christianity, 43, 59, 61, 73, 80, 152, 167, 271
family, rulers and ruled, as Fertik (2019), The Ruler's House: Contesting Power and Privacy in Julio-Claudian Rome, 38
family, sacrifice, for health of emperor and imperial Shannon-Henderson (2019), Power Play in Latin Love Elegy and its Multiple Forms of Continuity in Ovid’s , 115, 301, 341
family, scenes on mosaics of edessa Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 353, 354
family, schools, as Brakke, Satlow, Weitzman (2005), Religion and the Self in Antiquity. 237
family, self, and Brakke, Satlow, Weitzman (2005), Religion and the Self in Antiquity. 227, 228
family, sexuality, codes, cosmetics, attitude towards Rüpke and Woolf (2013), Religious Dimensions of the Self in the Second Century CE. 68, 80, 200, 209, 210
family, size Huebner (2013), The Family in Roman Egypt: A Comparative Approach to Intergenerational Solidarity , 3
family, slaves Rüpke and Woolf (2013), Religious Dimensions of the Self in the Second Century CE. 25, 68, 71, 75, 77, 151, 154, 157, 179, 185, 189, 202, 236
family, slaves, onstage, claim Richlin (2018), Slave Theater in the Roman Republic: Plautus and Popular Comedy, 73, 244, 245, 246, 259, 262, 308
family, solidarity of exogamy Seaford (2018), Tragedy, Ritual and Money in Ancient Greece: Selected Essays, 4, 405
family, statilii tauri, senatorial Bruun and Edmondson (2015), The Oxford Handbook of Roman Epigraphy, 610, 633
family, statue group of flavii vedii Kalinowski (2021), Memory, Family, and Community in Roman Ephesos, 369
family, statue group, flavius vedius antoninus, t., son of t. fl. vedius antoninus and fl. pasinice, in Kalinowski (2021), Memory, Family, and Community in Roman Ephesos, 167, 392, 396
family, statue group, flavius vedius antoninus, t., son of vedia phaedrina and t. fl. damianus, in Kalinowski (2021), Memory, Family, and Community in Roman Ephesos, 81, 82, 84, 167, 391
family, statue group, flavius vedius apellas, t., son of t. fl. vedius antoninus and fl. pasinice, in Kalinowski (2021), Memory, Family, and Community in Roman Ephesos, 82, 167, 391, 396
family, statue group, flavius vedius damianus, t., son of t. fl. vedius, in Kalinowski (2021), Memory, Family, and Community in Roman Ephesos, 167, 392, 396
family, statue group, vedius antoninus ii, p., vedius ii, m. cl. p. vedius, in Kalinowski (2021), Memory, Family, and Community in Roman Ephesos, 164, 359
family, statue group, vedius antoninus iii, p., vedius iii, m. cl. p. vedius phaedrus sabinianus, ‘bauherr’, in Kalinowski (2021), Memory, Family, and Community in Roman Ephesos, 164
family, statue groups, vedius papianus antoninus iv, p., vedius iv, ‘erblasser’, in Kalinowski (2021), Memory, Family, and Community in Roman Ephesos, 91, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 169, 170
family, statue, of emperors, and Black, Thomas, and Thompson (2022), Ephesos as a Religious Center under the Principate. 18, 21, 75
family, status Breytenbach and Tzavella (2022), Early Christianity in Athens, Attica, and Adjacent Areas, 185, 328
family, status of Schiffman (1983), Testimony and the Penal Code, 56, 57, 58, 65, 67
family, stem Huebner (2013), The Family in Roman Egypt: A Comparative Approach to Intergenerational Solidarity , 50, 132
family, strategies i Huebner (2013), The Family in Roman Egypt: A Comparative Approach to Intergenerational Solidarity , 198
family, strategies, adaptive Tacoma (2016), Models from the Past in Roman Culture: A World of Exempla, 194, 200
family, structure Cadwallader (2016), Stones, Bones and the Sacred: Essays on Material Culture and Religion in Honor of Dennis E, 27, 175, 180, 181, 182
family, systems, patriarchal Huebner (2013), The Family in Roman Egypt: A Comparative Approach to Intergenerational Solidarity , 51, 98, 99, 150, 178
family, themistokles Humphreys (2018), Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis, 99, 100, 124, 128, 270, 273, 279, 286, 459, 620
family, thymochares of sphettos and Humphreys (2018), Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis, 158, 160, 281, 510, 511, 714, 1021, 1079
family, ties, in medicine Jouanna (2012), Greek Medicine from Hippocrates to Galen, 116
family, ties, recognition scenes, and Bexley (2022), Seneca's Characters: Fictional Identities and Implied Human Selves, 27, 57, 58, 59, 94, 95, 96, 231, 232
family, to, pompey, soldiers as Fertik (2019), The Ruler's House: Contesting Power and Privacy in Julio-Claudian Rome, 27, 35
family, tomb, damage/desecration in this entry Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 463, 467
family, tomb, herods Hachlili (2005), Practices And Rites In The Second Temple Period, 356
family, tomb, manasseh, judith’s husband Gera (2014), Judith, 31, 54, 260, 261, 473, 474, 475
family, tombs Piotrkowski (2019), Priests in Exile: The History of the Temple of Onias and Its Community in the Hellenistic Period, 171, 173
family, tradition Barbato (2020), The Ideology of Democratic Athens: Institutions, Orators and the Mythical Past, 48, 49
Rupke (2016), Religious Deviance in the Roman World Superstition or Individuality?, 81
family, tradition, feeling of in associations Gabrielsen and Paganini (2021), Private Associations in the Ancient Greek World: Regulations and the Creation of Group Identity, 184, 195, 246
family, traditions in cult Humphreys (2018), Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis, 405, 406, 407, 408
family, tree Piotrkowski (2019), Priests in Exile: The History of the Temple of Onias and Its Community in the Hellenistic Period, 70, 93, 97, 375
family, tree of the gods, hestia, in Simon, Zeyl, and Shapiro, (2021), The Gods of the Greeks, 123
family, tree of the gods, zeus, in Simon, Zeyl, and Shapiro, (2021), The Gods of the Greeks, 12
family, valerius corvinus, and valerii Langlands (2018), Exemplary Ethics in Ancient Rome, 72
family, values and, jesus Avery-Peck, Chilton, and Scott Green (2014), A Legacy of Learning: Essays in Honor of Jacob Neusner , 291
family, values of Moss (2012), Ancient Christian Martyrdom: Diverse Practices, Theologies, and Traditions, 32
family, values, rome Penniman (2017), Raised on Christian Milk: Food and the Formation of the Soul in Early Christianity, 39, 54, 62, 63, 68, 75, 76, 143, 159, 162, 163, 167, 168, 173, 224
family, vettenos, theodotos Levine (2005), The Ancient Synagogue, The First Thousand Years, 57, 59, 149
family, volusii saturnini, senatorial Bruun and Edmondson (2015), The Oxford Handbook of Roman Epigraphy, 115, 576, 633
family, votives, votive offerings Kowalzig (2007), Singing for the Gods: Performances of Myth and Ritual in Archaic and Classical Greece, 236
family, vow Breytenbach and Tzavella (2022), Early Christianity in Athens, Attica, and Adjacent Areas, 270, 271
family, wedding Rüpke and Woolf (2013), Religious Dimensions of the Self in the Second Century CE. 69, 70, 181, 182, 204, 205, 206, 210
family, widows, support from Huebner and Laes (2019), Aulus Gellius and Roman Reading Culture: Text, Presence and Imperial Knowledge in the 'Noctes Atticae', 331, 332
family, wives, and Fertik (2019), The Ruler's House: Contesting Power and Privacy in Julio-Claudian Rome, 24
family, womans natal Huebner (2013), The Family in Roman Egypt: A Comparative Approach to Intergenerational Solidarity , 78, 98, 99, 112, 121, 145
family, women of domus augusta, imperial Fertik (2019), The Ruler's House: Contesting Power and Privacy in Julio-Claudian Rome, 40, 51, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58
family, women, of imperial Bruun and Edmondson (2015), The Oxford Handbook of Roman Epigraphy, 188, 189, 190
family/families Johnson Dupertuis and Shea (2018), Reading and Teaching Ancient Fiction : Jewish, Christian, and Greco-Roman Narratives 69, 114, 115, 139, 142, 167, 253, 255
family”, of eleusis, “sacred Simon, Zeyl, and Shapiro, (2021), The Gods of the Greeks, 125
guild/family, membership of manteis, mantis Johnston (2008), Ancient Greek Divination, 110, 111, 139
male/state/familial, authority in philomela and procne, challenge to Panoussi(2019), Brides, Mourners, Bacchae: Women's Rituals in Roman Literature, 141, 145, 222
male/state/familial, authority, roman state, challenging Panoussi(2019), Brides, Mourners, Bacchae: Women's Rituals in Roman Literature, 141, 145
“families, of israel”, biblical phrase Lavee (2017), The Rabbinic Conversion of Judaism The Unique Perspective of the Bavli on Conversion and the Construction of Jewish Identity, 86, 87, 88, 131, 216, 224
“family, likeness, and resemblance, ” Neis (2012), When a Human Gives Birth to a Raven: Rabbis and the Reproduction of Species. 92

List of validated texts:
94 validated results for "familial"
1. Septuagint, Tobit, 1.6, 1.17-1.18, 3.2-3.4, 3.6, 3.11-3.15, 4.4, 8.5-8.8, 8.15-8.17, 11.13-11.15, 13.1-13.18, 14.8-14.11 (th cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Homer, Odysseus, family affections • Homer, Odyssey, themes of plot, home and family affections • Manasseh, Judith’s husband, family tomb • Pater familias • Tobiah, family affections • Tobit, Family of • familial • family • family, in Odyssey • family, in Tobit • family/families

 Found in books: Albrecht (2014), The Divine Father: Religious and Philosophical Concepts of Divine Parenthood in Antiquity, 161; Gera (2014), Judith, 474, 475; Johnson Dupertuis and Shea (2018), Reading and Teaching Ancient Fiction : Jewish, Christian, and Greco-Roman Narratives 167; Langstaff, Stuckenbruck, and Tilly, (2022), The Lord’s Prayer, 75; Maier and Waldner (2022), Desiring Martyrs: Locating Martyrs in Space and Time, 31; Toloni (2022), The Story of Tobit: A Comparative Literary Analysis, 19, 20, 21, 22, 27, 50, 56, 57, 73, 87, 91, 124, 131, 144

sup>
1.6 But I alone went often to Jerusalem for the feasts, as it is ordained for all Israel by an everlasting decree. Taking the first fruits and the tithes of my produce and the first shearings, I would give these to the priests, the sons of Aaron, at the altar.
1.17 I would give my bread to the hungry and my clothing to the naked; and if I saw any one of my people dead and thrown out behind the wall of Nineveh, I would bury him. 1.18 And if Sennacherib the king put to death any who came fleeing from Judea, I buried them secretly. For in his anger he put many to death. When the bodies were sought by the king, they were not found. 3.3 Remember me and look favorably upon me; do not punish me for my sins and for my unwitting offences and those which my fathers committed before thee. 3.4 For they disobeyed thy commandments, and thou gavest us over to plunder, captivity, and death; thou madest us a byword of reproach in all the nations among which we have been dispersed.
3.6 And now deal with me according to thy pleasure; command my spirit to be taken up, that I may depart and become dust. For it is better for me to die than to live, because I have heard false reproaches, and great is the sorrow within me. Command that I now be released from my distress to go to the eternal abode; do not turn thy face away from me."
3.11 So she prayed by her window and said, "Blessed art thou, O Lord my God, and blessed is thy holy and honored name for ever. May all thy works praise thee for ever. 3.12 And now, O Lord, I have turned my eyes and my face toward thee. 3.13 Command that I be released from the earth and that I hear reproach no more. 3.14 Thou knowest, O Lord, that I am innocent of any sin with man, 3.15 and that I did not stain my name or the name of my father in the land of my captivity. I am my fathers only child, and he has no child to be his heir, no near kinsman or kinsmans son for whom I should keep myself as wife. Already seven husbands of mine are dead. Why should I live? But if it be not pleasing to thee to take my life, command that respect be shown to me and pity be taken upon me, and that I hear reproach no more."
4.4 Remember, my son, that she faced many dangers for you while you were yet unborn. When she dies bury her beside me in the same grave.
8.5 And Tobias began to pray, "Blessed art thou, O God of our fathers,and blessed be thy holy and glorious name for ever. Let the heavens and all thy creatures bless thee. 8.6 Thou madest Adam and gavest him Eve his wife as a helper and support.From them the race of mankind has sprung.Thou didst say, `It is not good that the man should be alone;let us make a helper for him like himself. 8.7 And now, O Lord, I am not taking this sister of mine because of lust, but with sincerity. Grant that I may find mercy and may grow old together with her." 8.8 And she said with him, "Amen."
8.15 Then Raguel blessed God and said, "Blessed art thou, O God, with every pure and holy blessing.Let thy saints and all thy creatures bless thee;let all thy angels and thy chosen people bless thee for ever. 8.16 Blessed art thou, because thou hast made me glad. It has not happened to me as I expected;but thou hast treated us according to thy great mercy. 8.17 Blessed art thou, because thou hast had compassion on two only children. Show them mercy, O Lord;and bring their lives to fulfilment in health and happiness and mercy."
11.13 and the white films scaled off from the corners of his eyes. 11.14 Then he saw his son and embraced him, and he wept and said, "Blessed art thou, O God, and blessed is thy name for ever, and blessed are all thy holy angels. 11.15 For thou hast afflicted me, but thou hast had mercy upon me; here I see my son Tobias!" And his son went in rejoicing, and he reported to his father the great things that had happened to him in Media.
13.1 Then Tobit wrote a prayer of rejoicing, and said:"Blessed is God who lives for ever,and blessed is his kingdom. 1
3.2 For he afflicts, and he shows mercy;he leads down to Hades, and brings up again,and there is no one who can escape his hand. 13.3 Acknowledge him before the nations, O sons of Israel;for he has scattered us among them. 13.4 Make his greatness known there,and exalt him in the presence of all the living;because he is our Lord and God,he is our Father for ever. 13.5 He will afflict us for our iniquities;and again he will show mercy,and will gather us from all the nations among whom you have been scattered. 1
3.6 If you turn to him with all your heart and with all your soul,to do what is true before him,then he will turn to you and will not hide his face from you. But see what he will do with you;give thanks to him with your full voice. Praise the Lord of righteousness,and exalt the King of the ages. I give him thanks in the land of my captivity,and I show his power and majesty to a nation of sinners. Turn back, you sinners, and do right before him;who knows if he will accept you and have mercy on you? 13.7 I exalt my God;my soul exalts the King of heaven,and will rejoice in his majesty. 13.8 Let all men speak,and give him thanks in Jerusalem. 13.9 O Jerusalem, the holy city,he will afflict you for the deeds of your sons,but again he will show mercy to the sons of the righteous.
13.10 Give thanks worthily to the Lord,and praise the King of the ages,that his tent may be raised for you again with joy. May he cheer those within you who are captives,and love those within you who are distressed,to all generations for ever.
1
3.11 Many nations will come from afar to the name of the Lord God,bearing gifts in their hands, gifts for the King of heaven. Generations of generations will give you joyful praise.
13.12 Cursed are all who hate you;blessed for ever will be all who love you.
13.13 Rejoice and be glad for the sons of the righteous;for they will be gathered together,and will praise the Lord of the righteous.
13.14 How blessed are those who love you!They will rejoice in your peace. Blessed are those who grieved over all your afflictions;for they will rejoice for you upon seeing all your glory,and they will be made glad for ever.
13.15 Let my soul praise God the great King.
13.16 For Jerusalem will be built with sapphires and emeralds,her walls with precious stones,and her towers and battlements with pure gold.
13.17 The streets of Jerusalem will be paved with beryl and ruby and stones of Ophir;
13.18 all her lanes will cry `Hallelujah! and will give praise,saying, `Blessed is God, who has exalted you for ever."
14.8 So now, my son, leave Nineveh, because what the prophet Jonah said will surely happen. 14.9 But keep the law and the commandments, and be merciful and just, so that it may be well with you. 14.10 Bury me properly, and your mother with me. And do not live in Nineveh any longer. See, my son, what Nadab did to Ahikar who had reared him, how he brought him from light into darkness, and with what he repaid him. But Ahikar was saved, and the other received repayment as he himself went down into the darkness. Ahikar gave alms and escaped the deathtrap which Nadab had set for him; but Nadab fell into the trap and perished. 14.11 So now, my children, consider what almsgiving accomplishes and how righteousness delivers." As he said this he died in his bed. He was a hundred and fifty-eight years old; and Tobias gave him a magnificent funeral.' ' None
2. Hebrew Bible, Deuteronomy, 32.50 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Family • Manasseh, Judith’s husband, family tomb

 Found in books: Gera (2014), Judith, 473; Hachlili (2005), Practices And Rites In The Second Temple Period, 523

sup>
32.50 and die in the mount whither thou goest up, and be gathered unto thy people; as Aaron thy brother died in mount Hor, and was gathered unto his people.'' None
3. Hebrew Bible, Exodus, 30.9, 30.11-30.16, 31.13 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Family • Family, status of • familial • family

 Found in books: Avery-Peck, Chilton, and Scott Green (2014), A Legacy of Learning: Essays in Honor of Jacob Neusner , 237; Maier and Waldner (2022), Desiring Martyrs: Locating Martyrs in Space and Time, 30; Schiffman (1983), Testimony and the Penal Code, 56, 58; Weissenrieder (2016), Borders: Terminologies, Ideologies, and Performances 39

sup>
30.9 לֹא־תַעֲלוּ עָלָיו קְטֹרֶת זָרָה וְעֹלָה וּמִנְחָה וְנֵסֶךְ לֹא תִסְּכוּ עָלָיו׃
30.11 וַיְדַבֵּר יְהוָה אֶל־מֹשֶׁה לֵּאמֹר׃ 30.12 כִּי תִשָּׂא אֶת־רֹאשׁ בְּנֵי־יִשְׂרָאֵל לִפְקֻדֵיהֶם וְנָתְנוּ אִישׁ כֹּפֶר נַפְשׁוֹ לַיהוָה בִּפְקֹד אֹתָם וְלֹא־יִהְיֶה בָהֶם נֶגֶף בִּפְקֹד אֹתָם׃ 30.13 זֶה יִתְּנוּ כָּל־הָעֹבֵר עַל־הַפְּקֻדִים מַחֲצִית הַשֶּׁקֶל בְּשֶׁקֶל הַקֹּדֶשׁ עֶשְׂרִים גֵּרָה הַשֶּׁקֶל מַחֲצִית הַשֶּׁקֶל תְּרוּמָה לַיהוָה׃ 30.14 כֹּל הָעֹבֵר עַל־הַפְּקֻדִים מִבֶּן עֶשְׂרִים שָׁנָה וָמָעְלָה יִתֵּן תְּרוּמַת יְהוָה׃ 30.15 הֶעָשִׁיר לֹא־יַרְבֶּה וְהַדַּל לֹא יַמְעִיט מִמַּחֲצִית הַשָּׁקֶל לָתֵת אֶת־תְּרוּמַת יְהוָה לְכַפֵּר עַל־נַפְשֹׁתֵיכֶם׃ 30.16 וְלָקַחְתָּ אֶת־כֶּסֶף הַכִּפֻּרִים מֵאֵת בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וְנָתַתָּ אֹתוֹ עַל־עֲבֹדַת אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד וְהָיָה לִבְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל לְזִכָּרוֹן לִפְנֵי יְהוָה לְכַפֵּר עַל־נַפְשֹׁתֵיכֶם׃
31.13 וְאַתָּה דַּבֵּר אֶל־בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל לֵאמֹר אַךְ אֶת־שַׁבְּתֹתַי תִּשְׁמֹרוּ כִּי אוֹת הִוא בֵּינִי וּבֵינֵיכֶם לְדֹרֹתֵיכֶם לָדַעַת כִּי אֲנִי יְהוָה מְקַדִּשְׁכֶם׃'' None		sup>
30.9 Ye shall offer no strange incense thereon, nor burnt-offering, nor meal-offering; and ye shall pour no drink-offering thereon.
30.11 And the LORD spoke unto Moses, saying: 30.12 ’When thou takest the sum of the children of Israel, according to their number, then shall they give every man a ransom for his soul unto the LORD, when thou numberest them; that there be no plague among them, when thou numberest them. 30.13 This they shall give, every one that passeth among them that are numbered, half a shekel after the shekel of the sanctuary—the shekel is twenty gerahs—half a shekel for an offering to the LORD. 30.14 Every one that passeth among them that are numbered, from twenty years old and upward, shall give the offering of the LORD. 30.15 The rich shall not give more, and the poor shall not give less, than the half shekel, when they give the offering of the LORD, to make atonement for your souls. 30.16 And thou shalt take the atonement money from the children of Israel, and shalt appoint it for the service of the tent of meeting, that it may be a memorial for the children of Israel before the LORD, to make atonement for your souls.’
31.13 ’Speak thou also unto the children of Israel, saying: Verily ye shall keep My sabbaths, for it is a sign between Me and you throughout your generations, that ye may know that I am the LORD who sanctify you.'' None
4. Hebrew Bible, Genesis, 1.26, 12.1, 12.6, 23.2, 25.8, 49.29 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Family • Manasseh, Judith’s husband, family tomb • devotion, severing family relations • family, divinity as father • family, in Tobit • household extended family

 Found in books: Avery-Peck, Chilton, and Scott Green (2014), A Legacy of Learning: Essays in Honor of Jacob Neusner , 206; Gera (2014), Judith, 260, 473, 474, 475; Hachlili (2005), Practices And Rites In The Second Temple Period, 523; Huebner (2013), The Family in Roman Egypt: A Comparative Approach to Intergenerational Solidarity , 157; Lavee (2017), The Rabbinic Conversion of Judaism The Unique Perspective of the Bavli on Conversion and the Construction of Jewish Identity, 203; Rüpke and Woolf (2013), Religious Dimensions of the Self in the Second Century CE. 101; Toloni (2022), The Story of Tobit: A Comparative Literary Analysis, 143; Weissenrieder (2016), Borders: Terminologies, Ideologies, and Performances 40, 50

sup>
1.26 וַיֹּאמֶר אֱלֹהִים נַעֲשֶׂה אָדָם בְּצַלְמֵנוּ כִּדְמוּתֵנוּ וְיִרְדּוּ בִדְגַת הַיָּם וּבְעוֹף הַשָּׁמַיִם וּבַבְּהֵמָה וּבְכָל־הָאָרֶץ וּבְכָל־הָרֶמֶשׂ הָרֹמֵשׂ עַל־הָאָרֶץ׃
12.1 וַיְהִי רָעָב בָּאָרֶץ וַיֵּרֶד אַבְרָם מִצְרַיְמָה לָגוּר שָׁם כִּי־כָבֵד הָרָעָב בָּאָרֶץ׃
12.1 וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוָה אֶל־אַבְרָם לֶךְ־לְךָ מֵאַרְצְךָ וּמִמּוֹלַדְתְּךָ וּמִבֵּית אָבִיךָ אֶל־הָאָרֶץ אֲשֶׁר אַרְאֶךָּ׃
12.6 וַיַּעֲבֹר אַבְרָם בָּאָרֶץ עַד מְקוֹם שְׁכֶם עַד אֵלוֹן מוֹרֶה וְהַכְּנַעֲנִי אָז בָּאָרֶץ׃
23.2 וַיָּקָם הַשָּׂדֶה וְהַמְּעָרָה אֲשֶׁר־בּוֹ לְאַבְרָהָם לַאֲחֻזַּת־קָבֶר מֵאֵת בְּנֵי־חֵת׃
23.2 וַתָּמָת שָׂרָה בְּקִרְיַת אַרְבַּע הִוא חֶבְרוֹן בְּאֶרֶץ כְּנָעַן וַיָּבֹא אַבְרָהָם לִסְפֹּד לְשָׂרָה וְלִבְכֹּתָהּ׃
25.8 וַיִּגְוַע וַיָּמָת אַבְרָהָם בְּשֵׂיבָה טוֹבָה זָקֵן וְשָׂבֵעַ וַיֵּאָסֶף אֶל־עַמָּיו׃
49.29 וַיְצַו אוֹתָם וַיֹּאמֶר אֲלֵהֶם אֲנִי נֶאֱסָף אֶל־עַמִּי קִבְרוּ אֹתִי אֶל־אֲבֹתָי אֶל־הַמְּעָרָה אֲשֶׁר בִּשְׂדֵה עֶפְרוֹן הַחִתִּי׃' ' None		sup>
1.26 And God said: ‘Let us make man in our image, after our likeness; and let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over the cattle, and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth.’
12.1 Now the LORD said unto Abram: ‘Get thee out of thy country, and from thy kindred, and from thy father’s house, unto the land that I will show thee.
12.6 And Abram passed through the land unto the place of Shechem, unto the terebinth of Moreh. And the Canaanite was then in the land.
23.2 And Sarah died in Kiriatharba—the same is Hebron—in the land of Canaan; and Abraham came to mourn for Sarah, and to weep for her.
25.8 And Abraham expired, and died in a good old age, an old man, and full of years; and was gathered to his people.
49.29 And be charged them, and said unto them: ‘I am to be gathered unto my people; bury me with my fathers in the cave that is in the field of Ephron the Hittite,' ' None
5. Hebrew Bible, Job, 15.15, 42.17 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Family, status of • Homer, Odyssey, themes of plot, home and family affections • Manasseh, Judith’s husband, family tomb • family, in Job • family, in Odyssey • family, in Tobit

 Found in books: Gera (2014), Judith, 474; Schiffman (1983), Testimony and the Penal Code, 67; Toloni (2022), The Story of Tobit: A Comparative Literary Analysis, 78, 91, 152, 181

sup>
15.15 הֵן בקדשו בִּקְדֹשָׁיו לֹא יַאֲמִין וְשָׁמַיִם לֹא־זַכּוּ בְעֵינָיו׃
42.17 וַיָּמָת אִיּוֹב זָקֵן וּשְׂבַע יָמִים׃'' None		sup>
15.15 Behold, He putteth no trust in His holy ones; Yea, the heavens are not clean in His sight.
42.17 So Job died, being old and full of days.'' None
6. Hebrew Bible, Jonah, 4.8 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Manasseh, Judith’s husband, family tomb • family, in Tobit

 Found in books: Gera (2014), Judith, 260; Toloni (2022), The Story of Tobit: A Comparative Literary Analysis, 73

sup>
4.8 וַיְהִי כִּזְרֹחַ הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ וַיְמַן אֱלֹהִים רוּחַ קָדִים חֲרִישִׁית וַתַּךְ הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ עַל־רֹאשׁ יוֹנָה וַיִּתְעַלָּף וַיִּשְׁאַל אֶת־נַפְשׁוֹ לָמוּת וַיֹּאמֶר טוֹב מוֹתִי מֵחַיָּי׃'' None		sup>
4.8 And it came to pass, when the sun arose, that God prepared a vehement east wind; and the sun beat upon the head of Jonah, that he fainted, and requested for himself that he might die, and said: ‘It is better for me to die than to live.’'' None
7. Hebrew Bible, Leviticus, 20.8, 21.1, 21.5-21.8, 21.22-21.23, 22.4, 22.6-22.7, 22.9-22.14, 22.16 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Family • Family, status of • familial • family

 Found in books: Maier and Waldner (2022), Desiring Martyrs: Locating Martyrs in Space and Time, 20, 30; Schiffman (1983), Testimony and the Penal Code, 57; Weissenrieder (2016), Borders: Terminologies, Ideologies, and Performances 3, 37, 39

sup>
20.8 וּשְׁמַרְתֶּם אֶת־חֻקֹּתַי וַעֲשִׂיתֶם אֹתָם אֲנִי יְהוָה מְקַדִּשְׁכֶם׃
21.1 וְהַכֹּהֵן הַגָּדוֹל מֵאֶחָיו אֲ\u200dשֶׁר־יוּצַק עַל־רֹאשׁוֹ שֶׁמֶן הַמִּשְׁחָה וּמִלֵּא אֶת־יָדוֹ לִלְבֹּשׁ אֶת־הַבְּגָדִים אֶת־רֹאשׁוֹ לֹא יִפְרָע וּבְגָדָיו לֹא יִפְרֹם׃
21.1 וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוָה אֶל־מֹשֶׁה אֱמֹר אֶל־הַכֹּהֲנִים בְּנֵי אַהֲרֹן וְאָמַרְתָּ אֲלֵהֶם לְנֶפֶשׁ לֹא־יִטַּמָּא בְּעַמָּיו׃
21.5 לֹא־יקרחה יִקְרְחוּ קָרְחָה בְּרֹאשָׁם וּפְאַת זְקָנָם לֹא יְגַלֵּחוּ וּבִבְשָׂרָם לֹא יִשְׂרְטוּ שָׂרָטֶת׃ 21.6 קְדֹשִׁים יִהְיוּ לֵאלֹהֵיהֶם וְלֹא יְחַלְּלוּ שֵׁם אֱלֹהֵיהֶם כִּי אֶת־אִשֵּׁי יְהוָה לֶחֶם אֱלֹהֵיהֶם הֵם מַקְרִיבִם וְהָיוּ קֹדֶשׁ׃ 21.7 אִשָּׁה זֹנָה וַחֲלָלָה לֹא יִקָּחוּ וְאִשָּׁה גְּרוּשָׁה מֵאִישָׁהּ לֹא יִקָּחוּ כִּי־קָדֹשׁ הוּא לֵאלֹהָיו׃ 21.8 וְקִדַּשְׁתּוֹ כִּי־אֶת־לֶחֶם אֱלֹהֶיךָ הוּא מַקְרִיב קָדֹשׁ יִהְיֶה־לָּךְ כִּי קָדוֹשׁ אֲנִי יְהוָה מְקַדִּשְׁכֶם׃
21.22 לֶחֶם אֱלֹהָיו מִקָּדְשֵׁי הַקֳּדָשִׁים וּמִן־הַקֳּדָשִׁים יֹאכֵל׃ 21.23 אַךְ אֶל־הַפָּרֹכֶת לֹא יָבֹא וְאֶל־הַמִּזְבֵּחַ לֹא יִגַּשׁ כִּי־מוּם בּוֹ וְלֹא יְחַלֵּל אֶת־מִקְדָּשַׁי כִּי אֲנִי יְהוָה מְקַדְּשָׁם׃
22.4 אִישׁ אִישׁ מִזֶּרַע אַהֲרֹן וְהוּא צָרוּעַ אוֹ זָב בַּקֳּדָשִׁים לֹא יֹאכַל עַד אֲשֶׁר יִטְהָר וְהַנֹּגֵעַ בְּכָל־טְמֵא־נֶפֶשׁ אוֹ אִישׁ אֲשֶׁר־תֵּצֵא מִמֶּנּוּ שִׁכְבַת־זָרַע׃
22.6 נֶפֶשׁ אֲשֶׁר תִּגַּע־בּוֹ וְטָמְאָה עַד־הָעָרֶב וְלֹא יֹאכַל מִן־הַקֳּדָשִׁים כִּי אִם־רָחַץ בְּשָׂרוֹ בַּמָּיִם׃ 22.7 וּבָא הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ וְטָהֵר וְאַחַר יֹאכַל מִן־הַקֳּדָשִׁים כִּי לַחְמוֹ הוּא׃
22.9 וְשָׁמְרוּ אֶת־מִשְׁמַרְתִּי וְלֹא־יִשְׂאוּ עָלָיו חֵטְא וּמֵתוּ בוֹ כִּי יְחַלְּלֻהוּ אֲנִי יְהוָה מְקַדְּשָׁם׃' '22.11 וְכֹהֵן כִּי־יִקְנֶה נֶפֶשׁ קִנְיַן כַּסְפּוֹ הוּא יֹאכַל בּוֹ וִילִיד בֵּיתוֹ הֵם יֹאכְלוּ בְלַחְמוֹ׃ 22.12 וּבַת־כֹּהֵן כִּי תִהְיֶה לְאִישׁ זָר הִוא בִּתְרוּמַת הַקֳּדָשִׁים לֹא תֹאכֵל׃ 22.13 וּבַת־כֹּהֵן כִּי תִהְיֶה אַלְמָנָה וּגְרוּשָׁה וְזֶרַע אֵין לָהּ וְשָׁבָה אֶל־בֵּית אָבִיהָ כִּנְעוּרֶיהָ מִלֶּחֶם אָבִיהָ תֹּאכֵל וְכָל־זָר לֹא־יֹאכַל בּוֹ׃ 22.14 וְאִישׁ כִּי־יֹאכַל קֹדֶשׁ בִּשְׁגָגָה וְיָסַף חֲמִשִׁיתוֹ עָלָיו וְנָתַן לַכֹּהֵן אֶת־הַקֹּדֶשׁ׃
22.16 וְהִשִּׂיאוּ אוֹתָם עֲוֺן אַשְׁמָה בְּאָכְלָם אֶת־קָדְשֵׁיהֶם כִּי אֲנִי יְהוָה מְקַדְּשָׁם׃'' None		sup>
20.8 And keep ye My statutes, and do them: I am the LORD who sanctify you.
21.1 And the LORD said unto Moses: Speak unto the priests the sons of Aaron, and say unto them: There shall none defile himself for the dead among his people;
21.5 They shall not make baldness upon their head, neither shall they shave off the corners of their beard, nor make any cuttings in their flesh. 21.6 They shall be holy unto their God, and not profane the name of their God; for the offerings of the LORD made by fire, the bread of their God, they do offer; therefore they shall be holy. 21.7 They shall not take a woman that is a harlot, or profaned; neither shall they take a woman put away from her husband; for he is holy unto his God. 21.8 Thou shalt sanctify him therefore; for he offereth the bread of thy God; he shall be holy unto thee; for I the LORD, who sanctify you, am holy.
21.22 He may eat the bread of his God, both of the most holy, and of the holy. 21.23 Only he shall not go in unto the veil, nor come nigh unto the altar, because he hath a blemish; that he profane not My holy places; for I am the LORD who sanctify them.
22.4 What man soever of the seed of Aaron is a leper, or hath an issue, he shall not eat of the holy things, until he be clean. And whoso toucheth any one that is unclean by the dead; or from whomsoever the flow of seed goeth out;
22.6 the soul that toucheth any such shall be unclean until the even, and shall not eat of the holy things, unless he bathe his flesh in water. 22.7 And when the sun is down, he shall be clean; and afterward he may eat of the holy things, because it is his bread.
22.9 They shall therefore keep My charge, lest they bear sin for it, and die therein, if they profane it: I am the LORD who sanctify them. 22.10 There shall no acommon man eat of the holy thing; a tet of a priest, or a hired servant, shall not eat of the holy thing. 22.11 But if a priest buy any soul, the purchase of his money, he may eat of it; and such as are born in his house, they may eat of his bread. 22.12 And if a priest’s daughter be married unto a common man, she shall not eat of that which is set apart from the holy things. 22.13 But if a priest’s daughter be a widow, or divorced, and have no child, and is returned unto her father’s house, as in her youth, she may eat of her father’s bread; but there shall no common man 22.14 And if a man eat of the holy thing through error, then he shall put the fifth part thereof unto it, and shall give unto the priest the holy thing.
22.16 and so cause them to bear the iniquity that bringeth guilt, when they eat their holy things; for I am the LORD who sanctify them.' ' None
8. Hebrew Bible, Micah, 7.6 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Family • Family, ideal relationships

 Found in books: Gray (2021), Gregory of Nyssa as Biographer: Weaving Lives for Virtuous Readers, 179; Stuckenbruck (2007), 1 Enoch 91-108, 432

sup>
7.6 כִּי־בֵן מְנַבֵּל אָב בַּת קָמָה בְאִמָּהּ כַּלָּה בַּחֲמֹתָהּ אֹיְבֵי אִישׁ אַנְשֵׁי בֵיתוֹ׃'' None		sup>
7.6 For the son dishonoureth the father, The daughter riseth up against her mother, The daughter-in-law against her mother-in-law; A man’s enemies are the men of his own house.'' None
9. Hebrew Bible, Numbers, 8.24-8.25, 18.3, 18.25-18.28, 18.31 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Family • Family, status of • familial • family • family tree

 Found in books: Maier and Waldner (2022), Desiring Martyrs: Locating Martyrs in Space and Time, 31; Piotrkowski (2019), Priests in Exile: The History of the Temple of Onias and Its Community in the Hellenistic Period, 93; Schiffman (1983), Testimony and the Penal Code, 57; Weissenrieder (2016), Borders: Terminologies, Ideologies, and Performances 37, 39

sup>
8.24 זֹאת אֲשֶׁר לַלְוִיִּם מִבֶּן חָמֵשׁ וְעֶשְׂרִים שָׁנָה וָמַעְלָה יָבוֹא לִצְבֹא צָבָא בַּעֲבֹדַת אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד׃ 8.25 וּמִבֶּן חֲמִשִּׁים שָׁנָה יָשׁוּב מִצְּבָא הָעֲבֹדָה וְלֹא יַעֲבֹד עוֹד׃
18.3 וְאָמַרְתָּ אֲלֵהֶם בַּהֲרִימְכֶם אֶת־חֶלְבּוֹ מִמֶּנּוּ וְנֶחְשַׁב לַלְוִיִּם כִּתְבוּאַת גֹּרֶן וְכִתְבוּאַת יָקֶב׃
18.3 וְשָׁמְרוּ מִשְׁמַרְתְּךָ וּמִשְׁמֶרֶת כָּל־הָאֹהֶל אַךְ אֶל־כְּלֵי הַקֹּדֶשׁ וְאֶל־הַמִּזְבֵּחַ לֹא יִקְרָבוּ וְלֹא־יָמֻתוּ גַם־הֵם גַּם־אַתֶּם׃
18.25 וַיְדַבֵּר יְהוָה אֶל־מֹשֶׁה לֵּאמֹר׃ 18.26 וְאֶל־הַלְוִיִּם תְּדַבֵּר וְאָמַרְתָּ אֲלֵהֶם כִּי־תִקְחוּ מֵאֵת בְּנֵי־יִשְׂרָאֵל אֶת־הַמַּעֲשֵׂר אֲשֶׁר נָתַתִּי לָכֶם מֵאִתָּם בְּנַחֲלַתְכֶם וַהֲרֵמֹתֶם מִמֶּנּוּ תְּרוּמַת יְהוָה מַעֲשֵׂר מִן־הַמַּעֲשֵׂר׃ 18.27 וְנֶחְשַׁב לָכֶם תְּרוּמַתְכֶם כַּדָּגָן מִן־הַגֹּרֶן וְכַמְלֵאָה מִן־הַיָּקֶב׃ 18.28 כֵּן תָּרִימוּ גַם־אַתֶּם תְּרוּמַת יְהוָה מִכֹּל מַעְשְׂרֹתֵיכֶם אֲשֶׁר תִּקְחוּ מֵאֵת בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וּנְתַתֶּם מִמֶּנּוּ אֶת־תְּרוּמַת יְהוָה לְאַהֲרֹן הַכֹּהֵן׃

18.31 וַאֲכַלְתֶּם אֹתוֹ בְּכָל־מָקוֹם אַתֶּם וּבֵיתְכֶם כִּי־שָׂכָר הוּא לָכֶם חֵלֶף עֲבֹדַתְכֶם בְּאֹהֶל מוֹעֵד׃'' None		sup>
8.24 ’This is that which pertaineth unto the Levites: from twenty and five years old and upward they shall go in to perform the service in the work of the tent of meeting; 8.25 and from the age of fifty years they shall return from the service of the work, and shall serve no more;
18.3 And they shall keep thy charge, and the charge of all the Tent; only they shall not come nigh unto the holy furniture and unto the altar, that they die not, neither they, nor ye.
18.25 And the LORD spoke unto Moses, saying: 18.26 ’Moreover thou shalt speak unto the Levites, and say unto them: When ye take of the children of Israel the tithe which I have given you from them for your inheritance, then ye shall set apart of it a gift for the LORD, even a tithe of the tithe. 18.27 And the gift which ye set apart shall be reckoned unto you, as though it were the corn of the threshing-floor, and as the fulness of the wine-press. 18.28 Thus ye also shall set apart a gift unto the LORD of all your tithes, which ye receive of the children of Israel; and thereof ye shall give the gift which is set apart unto the LORD to Aaron the priest.

18.31 And ye may eat it in every place, ye and your households; for it is your reward in return for your service in the tent of meeting.'' None
10. Hebrew Bible, 1 Samuel, 16.7 (8th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Family, of Gregory and Macrina • family, in Tobit

 Found in books: Gray (2021), Gregory of Nyssa as Biographer: Weaving Lives for Virtuous Readers, 159; Toloni (2022), The Story of Tobit: A Comparative Literary Analysis, 11

sup>
16.7 וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוָה אֶל־שְׁמוּאֵל אַל־תַּבֵּט אֶל־מַרְאֵהוּ וְאֶל־גְּבֹהַּ קוֹמָתוֹ כִּי מְאַסְתִּיהוּ כִּי לֹא אֲשֶׁר יִרְאֶה הָאָדָם כִּי הָאָדָם יִרְאֶה לַעֵינַיִם וַיהוָה יִרְאֶה לַלֵּבָב׃'' None		sup>
16.7 But the Lord said to Shemu᾽el, Look not on his countece, nor on the height of his stature; because I have refused him: for it is not as a man sees; for a man looks on the outward appearance, but the Lord looks on the heart.'' None
11. Hebrew Bible, Judges, 12.7 (8th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Family • Manasseh, Judith’s husband, family tomb

 Found in books: Gera (2014), Judith, 475; Hachlili (2005), Practices And Rites In The Second Temple Period, 191

sup>
12.7 וַיִּשְׁפֹּט יִפְתָּח אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵל שֵׁשׁ שָׁנִים וַיָּמָת יִפְתָּח הַגִּלְעָדִי וַיִּקָּבֵר בְּעָרֵי גִלְעָד׃'' None		sup>
12.7 And Yiftaĥ judged Yisra᾽el for six years. Then Yiftaĥ the Gil῾adite died, and was buried in one of the cities of Gil῾ad.'' None
12. Hesiod, Works And Days, 166 (8th cent. BCE - 7th cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Oedipus, mythic family of • Orestes, mythic family of • families, great tragic • family, parent-child, and death

 Found in books: Jouanna (2018), Sophocles: A Study of His Theater in Its Political and Social Context, 126; Waldner et al. (2016), Burial Rituals, Ideas of Afterlife, and the Individual in the Hellenistic World and the Roman Empire, 63

sup>
166 ἔνθʼ ἤτοι τοὺς μὲν θανάτου τέλος ἀμφεκάλυψε,'' None		sup>
166 And dreadful battles vanquished some of these,'' None
13. Homer, Iliad, 3.243-3.244 (8th cent. BCE - 7th cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • family • family, married couples

 Found in books: Gaifman (2012), Aniconism in Greek Antiquity, 294; Waldner et al. (2016), Burial Rituals, Ideas of Afterlife, and the Individual in the Hellenistic World and the Roman Empire, 19

sup>
3.243 ὣς φάτο, τοὺς δʼ ἤδη κάτεχεν φυσίζοος αἶα 3.244 ἐν Λακεδαίμονι αὖθι φίλῃ ἐν πατρίδι γαίῃ.'' None		sup>
3.243 or though they followed hither in their seafaring ships, they have now no heart to enter into the battle of warriors for fear of the words of shame and the many revilings that are mine. So said she; but they ere now were fast holden of the life-giving earth there in Lacedaemon, in their dear native land. 3.244 or though they followed hither in their seafaring ships, they have now no heart to enter into the battle of warriors for fear of the words of shame and the many revilings that are mine. So said she; but they ere now were fast holden of the life-giving earth there in Lacedaemon, in their dear native land. '' None
14. None, None, nan (8th cent. BCE - 7th cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Alcmeon, mythic family of • Family history • Homer, Odysseus, family affections • Homer, Odyssey, themes of plot, home and family affections • Olympian family • Tobiah, family affections • divination, mantic families • families, great tragic • family • family, in Odyssey • family, in Tobit • family, marriage and children • mania, family genealogies of • mantis, guild/family membership of manteis

 Found in books: Johnston (2008), Ancient Greek Divination, 110; Johnston and Struck (2005), Mantikê: Studies in Ancient Divination, 173, 174; Jouanna (2018), Sophocles: A Study of His Theater in Its Political and Social Context, 119; Petridou (2016), Homo Patiens: Approaches to the Patient in the Ancient World, 34; Pirenne-Delforge and Pironti (2022), The Hera of Zeus: Intimate Enemy, Ultimate Spouse, 66; Tanaseanu-Döbler and von Alvensleben (2020), Athens II: Athens in Late Antiquity, 17, 402, 405, 406; Toloni (2022), The Story of Tobit: A Comparative Literary Analysis, 23, 25, 49, 57; Tor (2017), Mortal and Divine in Early Greek Epistemology, 112, 115
15. None, None, nan (6th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Hosios (and cognates), In context of family relationships (more general) • Lykourgos, family and kin

 Found in books: Humphreys (2018), Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis, 115; Peels (2016), Hosios: A Semantic Study of Greek Piety, 91
16. None, None, nan (6th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • family

 Found in books: Maier and Waldner (2022), Desiring Martyrs: Locating Martyrs in Space and Time, 20; Rüpke and Woolf (2013), Religious Dimensions of the Self in the Second Century CE. 55
17. None, None, nan (6th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • family • family, married couples

 Found in books: Gaifman (2012), Aniconism in Greek Antiquity, 294; Waldner et al. (2016), Burial Rituals, Ideas of Afterlife, and the Individual in the Hellenistic World and the Roman Empire, 19
18. None, None, nan (6th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • mania, family genealogies of • mantis, guild/family membership of manteis

 Found in books: Johnston (2008), Ancient Greek Divination, 110; Johnston and Struck (2005), Mantikê: Studies in Ancient Divination, 174, 192, 193
19. Euripides, Electra, 1254-1272 (5th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Alcmeon, mythic family of • Electra constructing a family, house • Oedipus, mythic family of • Orestes, mythic family of • families, great tragic

 Found in books: Budelmann (1999), The Language of Sophocles: Communality, Communication, and Involvement, 265; Jouanna (2018), Sophocles: A Study of His Theater in Its Political and Social Context, 124

sup>
1254 ἐλθὼν δ' ̓Αθήνας Παλλάδος σεμνὸν βρέτας"1255 πρόσπτυξον: εἵρξει γάρ νιν ἐπτοημένας 1256 δεινοῖς δράκουσιν ὥστε μὴ ψαύειν σέθεν,' "1257 γοργῶφ' ὑπερτείνουσα σῷ κάρᾳ κύκλον." "1258 ἔστιν δ' ̓́Αρεώς τις ὄχθος, οὗ πρῶτον θεοὶ" "1259 ἕζοντ' ἐπὶ ψήφοισιν αἵματος πέρι," "1260 ̔Αλιρρόθιον ὅτ' ἔκταν' ὠμόφρων ̓́Αρης," '1261 μῆνιν θυγατρὸς ἀνοσίων νυμφευμάτων,' "1262 πόντου κρέοντος παῖδ', ἵν' εὐσεβεστάτη" "1263 ψῆφος βεβαία τ' ἐστὶν † ἔκ τε τοῦ † θεοῖς." '1264 ἐνταῦθα καὶ σὲ δεῖ δραμεῖν φόνου πέρι.' "1265 ἴσαι δέ ς' ἐκσῴζουσι μὴ θανεῖν δίκῃ" '1266 ψῆφοι τεθεῖσαι: Λοξίας γὰρ αἰτίαν 1267 ἐς αὑτὸν οἴσει, μητέρος χρήσας φόνον. 1268 καὶ τοῖσι λοιποῖς ὅδε νόμος τεθήσεται,' "1269 νικᾶν ἴσαις ψήφοισι τὸν φεύγοντ' ἀεί." "1270 δειναὶ μὲν οὖν θεαὶ τῷδ' ἄχει πεπληγμέναι" "1271 πάγον παρ' αὐτὸν χάσμα δύσονται χθονός," '1272 σεμνὸν βροτοῖσιν εὐσεβὲς χρηστήριον:' "' None		sup>
1254 but you leave Argos ; for it is not for you, who killed your mother, to set foot in this city. And the dread goddesses of death, the one who glare like hounds, will drive you up and down, a maddened wanderer. Go to Athens and embrace the holy image of Pallas;'1255 for she will prevent them, flickering with dreadful serpents, from touching you, as she stretches over your head her Gorgon-faced shield. There is a hill of Ares, where the gods first sat over their votes to decide on bloodshed, 1260 when savage Ares killed Halirrothius, son of the ocean’s ruler, in anger for the unholy violation of his daughter, so that the tribunal is most sacred and secure in the eyes of the gods. 1264 You also must run your risk here, for murder. 1265 An equal number of votes cast will save you from dying by the verdict; for Loxias will take the blame upon himself, since it was his oracle that advised your mother’s murder. And this law will be set for posterity, that the accused will always win his case if he has equal votes. 1270 Then the dread goddesses, stricken with grief at this, will sink into a cleft of the earth beside this hill, a holy, revered prophetic shrine for mortals. You must found an Arcadian city beside the streams of Alpheus near the sacred enclosure to Lycaean Apollo; ' None
20. Euripides, Hercules Furens, 631-632 (5th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Hercules, and family relationships • family • family, in Euripides’ Heracles • family, in Hercules • identity, in context of family relationships

 Found in books: Bexley (2022), Seneca's Characters: Fictional Identities and Implied Human Selves, 155, 156; Kazantzidis and Spatharas (2018), Hope in Ancient Literature, History, and Art, 76

sup>
631 all the more; were you on the razor’s edge of danger? Well, I must lead them, taking them by the hand to draw them after me, my little boats, like a ship when towing; for I too do not reject the care of my children; here all mankind are equal; all love their children, both those of high estate'632 all the more; were you on the razor’s edge of danger? Well, I must lead them, taking them by the hand to draw them after me, my little boats, like a ship when towing; for I too do not reject the care of my children; here all mankind are equal; all love their children, both those of high estate ' None
21. Herodotus, Histories, 6.35, 8.17 (5th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Iphikrates, family • Kallias family of Alopeke • family • family, and memory, • memory, and family,

 Found in books: Humphreys (2018), Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis, 272; Marincola et al. (2021), Lloyd Llewellyn-Jones and Calum Maciver, Greek Notions of the Past in the Archaic and Classical Eras: History Without Historians, 190, 191; Tanaseanu-Döbler and von Alvensleben (2020), Athens II: Athens in Late Antiquity, 267

sup>
6.35 ἐν δὲ τῇσι Ἀθήνῃσι τηνικαῦτα εἶχε μὲν τὸ πᾶν κράτος Πεισίστρατος, ἀτὰρ ἐδυνάστευέ γε καὶ Μιλτιάδης ὁ Κυψέλου ἐὼν οἰκίης τεθριπποτρόφου, τὰ μὲν ἀνέκαθεν ἀπʼ Αἰακοῦ τε καὶ Αἰγίνης γεγονώς, τὰ δὲ νεώτερα Ἀθηναῖος, Φιλαίου τοῦ Αἴαντος παιδὸς γενομένου πρώτου τῆς οἰκίης ταύτης Ἀθηναίου. οὗτος ὁ Μιλτιάδης κατήμενος ἐν τοῖσι προθύροισι τοῖσι ἑωυτοῦ, ὁρέων τοὺς Δολόγκους παριόντας ἐσθῆτα ἔχοντας οὐκ ἐγχωρίην καὶ αἰχμὰς προσεβώσατο καί σφι προσελθοῦσι ἐπηγγείλατο καταγωγὴν καὶ ξείνια. οἳ δὲ δεξάμενοι καὶ ξεινισθέντες ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ ἐξέφαινον πᾶν τὸ μαντήιον, ἐκφήναντες δὲ ἐδέοντο αὐτοῦ τῷ θεῷ μιν πείθεσθαι. Μιλτιάδεα δὲ ἀκούσαντα παραυτίκα ἔπεισε ὁ λόγος οἷα ἀχθόμενόν τε τῇ Πεισιστράτου ἀρχῇ καὶ βουλόμενον ἐκποδὼν εἶναι. αὐτίκα δὲ ἐστάλη ἐς Δελφούς, ἐπειρησόμενος τὸ χρηστήριον εἰ ποιοίη τά περ αὐτοῦ οἱ Δόλογκοι προσεδέοντο.
8.17 ἐν ταύτῃ τῇ ναυμαχίῃ Αἰγύπτιοι μὲν τῶν Ξέρξεω στρατιωτέων ἠρίστευσαν, οἳ ἄλλα τε μεγάλα ἔργα ἀπεδέξαντο καὶ νέας αὐτοῖσι ἀνδράσι εἷλον Ἑλληνίδας πέντε. τῶν δὲ Ἑλλήνων κατὰ ταύτην τὴν ἡμέρην ἠρίστευσαν Ἀθηναῖοι καὶ Ἀθηναίων Κλεινίης ὁ Ἀλκιβιάδεω, ὃς δαπάνην οἰκηίην παρεχόμενος ἐστρατεύετο ἀνδράσι τε διηκοσίοισι καὶ οἰκηίῃ νηί.'' None		sup>
6.35 At that time in Athens, Pisistratus held all power, but Miltiades son of Cypselus also had great influence. His household was rich enough to maintain a four-horse chariot, and he traced his earliest descent to Aeacus and Aegina, though his later ancestry was Athenian. Philaeus son of Ajax was the first of that house to be an Athenian. ,Miltiades was sitting on his porch when he saw the Dolonci go by with their foreign clothing and spears, so he called out to them, and when they came over, he invited them in for lodging and hospitality. They accepted, and after he entertained them, they revealed the whole story of the oracle to him and asked him to obey the god. ,He was persuaded as soon as he heard their speech, for he was tired of Pisistratus' rule and wanted to be away from it. He immediately set out for Delphi to ask the oracle if he should do what the Dolonci asked of him. " "
8.17 In that sea-fight of all Xerxes' fighters the Egyptians conducted themselves with the greatest valor; besides other great feats of arms which they achieved, they took five Greek ships together with their crews. As regards the Greeks, it was the Athenians who bore themselves best on that day, and of the Athenians Clinias son of Alcibiades. He brought to the war two hundred men and a ship of his own, all at his own expense. "" None
22. Sophocles, Electra, 9-10, 505-507, 513-515, 1508-1510 (5th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Agamemnon, tragic family of • Alcmeon, mythic family of • Electra constructing a family, house • Oedipus, mythic family of • Orestes, mythic family of • families, great tragic

 Found in books: Budelmann (1999), The Language of Sophocles: Communality, Communication, and Involvement, 246, 252, 253, 254, 262, 263, 264; Jouanna (2018), Sophocles: A Study of His Theater in Its Political and Social Context, 124, 162

sup>
9 that consecrated land from which the gad-fly drove the daughter of Inachus; there, Orestes, is the Lycean market place, named from the wolf-slaying god; there on the left is Hera’s famous temple; and in this place to which we have come, know that you see Mycenae , the rich in gold, 10 and here the house of Pelops’ heirs, so often stained with bloodshed. Long ago from here, away from the murder of your father, I carried you for her whose blood is yours, your sister, and saved you and reared you up to manhood to be the avenger of your murdered father.'
505 what disaster you have brought upon this land! For ever since Myrtilus sank to rest beneath the waves,
513 hurled to utter destruction from his golden chariot in disgraceful outrage, from that time to this, outrage and its many sorrow 515 were never yet gone from this house. Enter Clytaemnestra, with attendants, from the house. Clytaemnestra
1508 O seed of Atreus, through how many sufferings have you sprouted up at last in freedom, ' None
23. None, None, nan (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Nikias, family • Plato, family • perjury,punishments for, family line extinguished

 Found in books: Humphreys (2018), Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis, 427; Sommerstein and Torrance (2014), Oaths and Swearing in Ancient Greece, 13
24. None, None, nan (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • family, parent-child, and death • household (oikos), family piety

 Found in books: Eidinow and Kindt (2015), The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Greek Religion, 242; Waldner et al. (2016), Burial Rituals, Ideas of Afterlife, and the Individual in the Hellenistic World and the Roman Empire, 58
25. None, None, nan (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Tobit, Family of • family, in Tobit

 Found in books: Langstaff, Stuckenbruck, and Tilly, (2022), The Lord’s Prayer, 75; Toloni (2022), The Story of Tobit: A Comparative Literary Analysis, 73
26. None, None, nan (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Aischines, date of birth, and family • Apollodoros son of Pasion, and family • Dikaiogenes family • Hagnon family • Lykourgos, family and kin • Plato, family • Themistokles, family • autochthony, metaphor of the family • families, Aeschines • family authority • household nuclear family • patriarchal family systems

 Found in books: Barbato (2020), The Ideology of Democratic Athens: Institutions, Orators and the Mythical Past, 97; Eidinow (2007), Oracles, Curses, and Risk Among the Ancient Greeks, 306; Huebner (2013), The Family in Roman Egypt: A Comparative Approach to Intergenerational Solidarity , 100, 133, 178; Humphreys (2018), Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis, 99, 100, 121, 166, 284, 285, 389; Martin (2009), Divine Talk: Religious Argumentation in Demosthenes, 66, 170
27. None, None, nan (4th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Alcmeon, mythic family of • Aristotle, on tragic families • Oedipus, mythic family of • Orestes, mythic family of • Poetics (Aristotle), on tragic families • cities, vs. families • families, great tragic • family ties

 Found in books: Jouanna (2018), Sophocles: A Study of His Theater in Its Political and Social Context, 116, 174; Liatsi (2021), Ethics in Ancient Greek Literature: Aspects of Ethical Reasoning from Homer to Aristotle and Beyond, 33
28. Anon., 1 Enoch, 92.1 (3rd cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Family • Family, center of education

 Found in books: Carr (2004), Writing on the Tablet of the Heart: Origins of Scripture and Literature, 203; Stuckenbruck (2007), 1 Enoch 91-108, 68, 161, 269

sup>
92.1 The book written by Enoch-Enoch indeed wrote this complete doctrine of wisdom, (which is) praised of all men and a judge of all the earth for all my children who shall dwell on the earth. And for the future generations who shall observe uprightness and peace. 108 Another book which Enoch wrote for his son Methuselah and for those who will come after him,,and keep the law in the last days. Ye who have done good shall wait for those days till an end is made of those who work evil; and an end of the might of the transgressors. And wait ye indeed till sin has passed away, for their names shall be blotted out of the book of life and out of the holy books, and their seed shall be destroyed for ever, and their spirits shall be slain, and they shall cry and make lamentation in a place that is a chaotic wilderness, and in the fire shall they burn; for there is no earth there. And I saw there something like an invisible cloud; for by reason of its depth I could not look over, and I saw a flame of fire blazing brightly, and things like shining,mountains circling and sweeping to and fro. And I asked one of the holy angels who was with me and said unto him: \' What is this shining thing for it is not a heaven but only the flame of a blazing",fire, and the voice of weeping and crying and lamentation and strong pain.\' And he said unto me: \' This place which thou seest-here are cast the spirits of sinners and blasphemers, and of those who work wickedness, and of those who pervert everything that the Lord hath spoken through the mouth,of the prophets-(even) the things that shall be. For some of them are written and inscribed above in the heaven, in order that the angels may read them and know that which shall befall the sinners, and the spirits of the humble, and of those who have afflicted their bodies, and been recompensed,by God; and of those who have been put to shame by wicked men: Who love God and loved neither gold nor silver nor any of the good things which are in the world, but gave over their bodies to torture. Who, since they came into being, longed not after earthly food, but regarded everything as a passing breath, and lived accordingly, and the Lord tried them much, and their spirits were,found pure so that they should bless His name. And all the blessings destined for them I have recounted in the books. And he hath assigned them their recompense, because they have been found to be such as loved heaven more than their life in the world, and though they were trodden under foot of wicked men, and experienced abuse and reviling from them and were put to shame,,yet they blessed Me. And now I will summon the spirits of the good who belong to the generation of light, and I will transform those who were born in darkness, who in the flesh were not recompensed,with such honour as their faithfulness deserved. And I will bring forth in shining light those who",have loved My holy name, and I will seat each on the throne of his honour. And they shall be resplendent for times without number; for righteousness is the judgement of God; for to the faithful,He will give faithfulness in the habitation of upright paths. And they shall see those who were,,born in darkness led into darkness, while the righteous shall be resplendent. And the sinners shall cry aloud and see them resplendent, and they indeed will go where days and seasons are prescribed for them.\''' None
29. Anon., Jubilees, 30.18 (2nd cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Family, center of education • familial • family

 Found in books: Carr (2004), Writing on the Tablet of the Heart: Origins of Scripture and Literature, 205; Maier and Waldner (2022), Desiring Martyrs: Locating Martyrs in Space and Time, 31

sup>
30.18 For this reason I have written for thee in the words of the Law all the deeds of the Shechemites, which they wrought against Dinah,'' None
30. Cicero, On Duties, 1.53, 1.125 (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Family • Roman family • family, children • household extended family • household nuclear family • mater familias/matrona

 Found in books: Huebner (2013), The Family in Roman Egypt: A Comparative Approach to Intergenerational Solidarity , 16; McGinn (2004), The Economy of Prostitution in the Roman world: A study of Social History & The Brothel. 124; Rüpke and Woolf (2013), Religious Dimensions of the Self in the Second Century CE. 197; Welch (2015), Tarpeia: Workings of a Roman Myth. 161

sup>
1.53 Gradus autem plures sunt societatis hominum. Ut enim ab illa infinita discedatur, propior est eiusdem gentis, nationis, linguae, qua maxime homines coniunguntur; interius etiam est eiusdem esse civitatis; multa enim sunt civibus inter se communia, forum, fana, porticus, viae, leges, iura: iudicia, suffragia, consuetudines praeterea et familiaritates multisque cum multis res rationesque contractae. Artior vero colligatio est societatis propinquorum; ab illa enim immensa societate humani generis in exiguum angustumque concluditur.' ' None		sup>
1.53 \xa0Then, too, there are a great many degrees of closeness or remoteness in human society. To proceed beyond the universal bond of our common humanity, there is the closer one of belonging to the same people, tribe, and tongue, by which men are very closely bound together; it is a still closer relation to be citizens of the same city-state; for fellow-citizens have much in common â\x80\x94 forum, temples colonnades, streets, statutes, laws, courts, rights of suffrage, to say nothing of social and friendly circles and diverse business relations with many. But a still closer social union exists between kindred. Starting with that infinite bond of union of the human race in general, the conception is now confined to a small and narrow circle. <' ' None
31. Septuagint, 1 Maccabees, 13.25-13.26 (2nd cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Family • Manasseh, Judith’s husband, family tomb

 Found in books: Gera (2014), Judith, 475; Hachlili (2005), Practices And Rites In The Second Temple Period, 131

sup>
13.25 And Simon sent and took the bones of Jonathan his brother, and buried him in Modein, the city of his fathers. 13.26 All Israel bewailed him with great lamentation, and mourned for him many days.'' None
32. Septuagint, Ecclesiasticus (Siracides), 39.4 (2nd cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Family • Family, center of education

 Found in books: Carr (2004), Writing on the Tablet of the Heart: Origins of Scripture and Literature, 208; Weissenrieder (2016), Borders: Terminologies, Ideologies, and Performances 247

sup>
39.4 He will serve among great men and appear before rulers;he will travel through the lands of foreign nations,for he tests the good and the evil among men.'' None
33. Septuagint, Judith, 4.15 (2nd cent. BCE - 0th cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Manasseh, Judith’s husband, family tomb • familial • family

 Found in books: Gera (2014), Judith, 475; Maier and Waldner (2022), Desiring Martyrs: Locating Martyrs in Space and Time, 31

sup>
4.15 With ashes upon their turbans, they cried out to the Lord with all their might to look with favor upon the whole house of Israel.'' None
34. None, None, nan (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • cult, family • family cult • family, parent-child, and death

 Found in books: Mackey (2022), Belief and Cult: Rethinking Roman Religion, 281; Rupke (2016), Religious Deviance in the Roman World Superstition or Individuality?, 30; Waldner et al. (2016), Burial Rituals, Ideas of Afterlife, and the Individual in the Hellenistic World and the Roman Empire, 119
35. None, None, nan (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • family • family, imperial

 Found in books: Shannon-Henderson (2019), Power Play in Latin Love Elegy and its Multiple Forms of Continuity in Ovid’s , 127; Tuori (2016), The Emperor of Law: The Emergence of Roman Imperial Adjudication<, 35
36. None, None, nan (2nd cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Judaism, family • Rome, family values • family

 Found in books: Penniman (2017), Raised on Christian Milk: Food and the Formation of the Soul in Early Christianity, 54, 55; Rüpke and Woolf (2013), Religious Dimensions of the Self in the Second Century CE. 55
37. Ovid, Fasti, 2.511-2.512, 2.527-2.571, 2.583-2.584, 4.139-4.150 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Philomela and Procne, challenge to male/state/familial authority in • Sculpture, , of family members and ancestors • imperial family

 Found in books: Eliav (2023), A Jew in the Roman Bathhouse: Cultural Interaction in the Ancient Mediterranean, 126; Erker (2023), Ambiguity and Religion in Ovid’s Fasti: Religious Innovation and the Imperial Family, 133, 140, 148, 149, 224; Panoussi(2019), Brides, Mourners, Bacchae: Women's Rituals in Roman Literature, 222

sup>
2.511 templa deo fiunt, collis quoque dictus ab illo est, 2.512 et referunt certi sacra paterna dies.
2.527 curio legitimis nunc Fornacalia verbis 2.528 maximus indicit nec stata sacra facit, 2.529 inque foro, multa circum pendente tabella, 2.530 signatur certa curia quaeque nota; 2.531 stultaque pars populi, quae sit sua curia, nescit, 2.532 sed facit extrema sacra relata die. 18. AC 19. BC 20. CC 21. D FERAL — F 2.533 Est honor et tumulis. Animas placate paternas 2.534 parvaque in extinctas munera ferte pyras. 2.535 parva petunt manes, pietas pro divite grata est 2.536 munere: non avidos Styx habet ima deos, 2.537 tegula porrectis satis est velata coronis 2.538 et sparsae fruges parcaque mica salis 2.539 inque mero mollita Ceres violaeque solutae: 2.540 haec habeat media testa relicta via. 2.541 nec maiora veto, sed et his placabilis umbra est 2.542 adde preces positis et sua verba focis, 2.543 hunc morem Aeneas, pietatis idoneus auctor, 2.544 attulit in terras, iuste Latine, tuas; 2.545 ille patris Genio sollemnia dona ferebat: 2.546 hinc populi ritus edidicere pios. 2.547 at quondam, dum longa gerunt pugnacibus armis 2.548 bella, Parentales deseruere dies. 2.549 non impune fuit; nam dicitur omine ab isto 2.550 Roma suburbanis incaluisse rogis. 2.551 vix equidem credo: bustis exisse feruntur 2.552 et tacitae questi tempore noctis avi, 2.553 perque vias urbis latosque ululasse per agros 2.554 deformes animas, volgus ie, ferunt. 2.555 post ea praeteriti tumulis redduntur honores, 2.556 prodigiisque venit funeribusque modus, 2.557 dum tamen haec fiunt, viduae cessate puellae: 2.558 expectet puros pinea taeda dies, 2.559 nec tibi, quae cupidae matura videbere matri, 2.560 comat virgineas hasta recurva comas. 2.561 conde tuas, Hymenaee, faces et ab ignibus atris 2.562 aufer! habent alias maesta sepulchra faces. 2.563 di quoque templorum foribus celentur opertis, 2.564 ture vacent arae stentque sine igne foci. 2.565 nunc animae tenues et corpora functa sepulcris 2.566 errant, nunc posito pascitur umbra cibo. 2.567 nec tamen haec ultra, quam tot de mense supersint 2.568 Luciferi, quot habent carmina nostra pedes, 2.569 hanc, quia iusta ferunt, dixere Feralia lucem; 2.570 ultima placandis manibus illa dies. 2.571 ecce anus in mediis residens annosa puellis
2.583 protinus a nobis, quae sit dea Muta, requires:
4.139 vos quoque sub viridi myrto iubet ipsa lavari: 4.140 causaque, cur iubeat (discite!), certa subest 4.141 litore siccabat rorantes nuda capillos: 4.142 viderunt satyri, turba proterva, deam. 4.143 sensit et opposita texit sua corpora myrto: 4.144 tuta fuit facto vosque referre iubet. 4.145 discite nunc, quare Fortunae tura Virili 4.146 detis eo, calida qui locus umet aqua. 4.147 accipit ille locus posito velamine cunctas 4.148 et vitium nudi corporis omne videt; 4.149 ut tegat hoc celetque viros, Fortuna Virilis 4.150 praestat et hoc parvo ture rogata facit,' ' None		sup>
2.511 Temples were built for the god, the hill named for him, 2.512 And on certain days the ancestral rites are re-enacted.
2.527 Now the Curio Maximus, in a set form of words, declare 2.528 The shifting date of the Fornacalia, the Feast of Ovens: 2.529 And round the Forum hang many tablets, 2.530 On which every ward displays its particular sign. 2.531 Foolish people don’t know which is their ward, 2.532 So they hold the feast on the last possible day. 2.533 And the grave must be honoured. Appease your fathers’ 2.534 Spirits, and bring little gifts to the tombs you built. 2.535 Their shades ask little, piety they prefer to costly 2.536 offerings: no greedy deities haunt the Stygian depths. 2.537 A tile wreathed round with garlands offered is enough, 2.538 A scattering of meal, and a few grains of salt, 2.539 And bread soaked in wine, and loose violets: 2.540 Set them on a brick left in the middle of the path. 2.541 Not that I veto larger gifts, but these please the shades: 2.542 Add prayers and proper words to the fixed fires. 2.543 This custom was brought to your lands, just Latinus, 2.544 By Aeneas, a fitting promoter of piety. 2.545 He brought solemn gifts to his father’s spirit: 2.546 From him the people learned the pious rites. 2.547 But once, waging a long war with fierce weapons, 2.548 They neglected the Parentalia, Festival of the Dead. 2.549 It did not go unpunished: they say from that ominous day 2.550 Rome grew hot from funeral fires near the City. 2.551 I scarcely believe it, but they say that ancestral spirit 2.552 Came moaning from their tombs in the still of night, 2.553 And misshapen spirits, a bodiless throng, howled 2.554 Through the City streets, and through the broad fields. 2.555 Afterwards neglected honour was paid to the tombs, 2.556 And there was an end to the portents, and the funerals. 2.557 But while these rites are enacted, girls, don’t marry: 2.558 Let the marriage torches wait for purer days. 2.559 And virgin, who to your mother seem ripe for love, 2.560 Don’t let the curved spear comb your tresses. 2.561 Hymen, hide your torches, and carry them far 2.562 From these dark fires! The gloomy tomb owns other torches. 2.563 And hide the gods, closing those revealing temple doors, 2.564 Let the altars be free of incense, the hearths without fire. 2.565 Now ghostly spirits and the entombed dead wander, 2.566 Now the shadow feeds on the nourishment that’s offered. 2.567 But it only lasts till there are no more days in the month 2.568 Than the feet (eleven) that my metres possess. 2.569 This day they call the Feralia because they bear (ferunt) 2.570 offerings to the dead: the last day to propitiate the shades. 2.571 See, an old woman sitting amongst the girls performs the rite
2.583 You’ll ask at once, who is the goddess Muta?:
4.139 She commands you too to bathe, under the green myrtle, 4.140 And there’s a particular reason for her command (learn, now!). 4.141 Naked, on the shore, she was drying her dripping hair: 4.142 The Satyrs, that wanton crowd, spied the goddess. 4.143 She sensed it, and hid her body with a screen of myrtle: 4.144 Doing so, she was safe: she commands that you do so too. 4.145 Learn now why you offer incense to Fortuna Virilis, 4.146 In that place that steams with heated water. 4.147 All women remove their clothes on entering, 4.148 And every blemish on their bodies is seen: 4.149 Virile Fortune undertakes to hide those from the men, 4.150 And she does this at the behest of a little incense.' ' None
38. None, None, nan (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Rome, family values • aristocratic families, influence of

 Found in books: Langlands (2018), Exemplary Ethics in Ancient Rome, 71; Penniman (2017), Raised on Christian Milk: Food and the Formation of the Soul in Early Christianity, 224
39. None, None, nan (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Family • resemblance, family

 Found in books: Hug (2023), Fertility, Ideology, and the Cultural Politics of Reproduction at Rome, 88; Welch (2015), Tarpeia: Workings of a Roman Myth. 56, 114
40. None, None, nan (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Julio-Claudians, and family • Lucan Bellum civile, families in • divi and divae, deified emperors and members of imperial family • domus Augusta (imperial family), and Augustus • domus Augusta (imperial family), definition of • domus Augusta (imperial family), women of • families • families, Julio-Claudian • families, in Lucan • imperial family, Roman

 Found in books: Bruun and Edmondson (2015), The Oxford Handbook of Roman Epigraphy, 186; Fertik (2019), The Ruler's House: Contesting Power and Privacy in Julio-Claudian Rome, 40
41. None, None, nan (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • imperial family • mater familias/matrona

 Found in books: Erker (2023), Ambiguity and Religion in Ovid’s Fasti: Religious Innovation and the Imperial Family, 239; McGinn (2004), The Economy of Prostitution in the Roman world: A study of Social History & The Brothel. 120, 127, 128
42. Apollodorus, Bibliotheca, 3.7.7 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Alcmeon, mythic family of • families, great tragic • mania, family genealogies of • mantis, guild/family membership of manteis

 Found in books: Johnston (2008), Ancient Greek Divination, 110; Johnston and Struck (2005), Mantikê: Studies in Ancient Divination, 174; Jouanna (2018), Sophocles: A Study of His Theater in Its Political and Social Context, 120, 121

sup>
3.7.7 δηλώσαντες δὲ τῇ μητρὶ ταῦτα, τόν τε ὅρμον καὶ τὸν πέπλον ἐλθόντες εἰς Δελφοὺς ἀνέθεντο κατὰ πρόσταξιν Ἀχελῴου. πορευθέντες δὲ εἰς τὴν Ἤπειρον συναθροίζουσιν οἰκήτορας καὶ κτίζουσιν Ἀκαρνανίαν. Εὐριπίδης δέ φησιν Ἀλκμαίωνα κατὰ τὸν τῆς μανίας χρόνον ἐκ Μαντοῦς Τειρεσίου παῖδας δύο γεννῆσαι, Ἀμφίλοχον καὶ θυγατέρα Τισιφόνην, κομίσαντα δὲ εἰς Κόρινθον τὰ βρέφη δοῦναι τρέφειν Κορινθίων βασιλεῖ Κρέοντι, καὶ τὴν μὲν Τισιφόνην διενεγκοῦσαν εὐμορφίᾳ ὑπὸ τῆς Κρέοντος γυναικὸς ἀπεμποληθῆναι, δεδοικυίας μὴ Κρέων αὐτὴν γαμετὴν ποιήσηται. τὸν δὲ Ἀλκμαίωνα ἀγοράσαντα ταύτην ἔχειν οὐκ εἰδότα τὴν ἑαυτοῦ θυγατέρα θεράπαιναν, παραγενόμενον δὲ εἰς Κόρινθον ἐπὶ τὴν τῶν τέκνων ἀπαίτησιν καὶ τὸν υἱὸν κομίσασθαι. καὶ Ἀμφίλοχος κατὰ χρησμοὺς Ἀπόλλωνος Ἀμφιλοχικὸν Ἄργος ᾤκισεν. 1 --'' None		sup>
3.7.7 Having acquainted their mother with these things, they went to Delphi and dedicated the necklace and robe according to the injunction of Achelous. Then they journeyed to Epirus, collected settlers, and colonized Acaria . But Euripides says that in the time of his madness Alcmaeon begat two children, Amphilochus and a daughter Tisiphone, by Manto, daughter of Tiresias, and that he brought the babes to Corinth and gave them to Creon, king of Corinth, to bring up; and that on account of her extraordinary comeliness Tisiphone was sold as a slave by Creon's spouse, who feared that Creon might make her his wedded wife. But Alcmaeon bought her and kept her as a handmaid, not knowing that she was his daughter, and coming to Corinth to get back his children he recovered his son also. And Amphilochus colonized Amphilochian Argos in obedience to oracles of Apollo."" None
43. Apollodorus, Epitome, 2.6-2.14 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Aristotle, on tragic families • Poetics (Aristotle), on tragic families • family

 Found in books: Gaifman (2012), Aniconism in Greek Antiquity, 268; Jouanna (2018), Sophocles: A Study of His Theater in Its Political and Social Context, 681

sup>
2.6 παραγίνεται τοίνυν καὶ Πέλοψ ἐπὶ τὴν μνηστείαν· οὗ τὸ κάλλος ἰδοῦσα ἡ Ἱπποδάμεια ἔρωτα ἔσχεν αὐτοῦ, καὶ πείθει Μυρτίλον τὸν Ἑρμοῦ παῖδα συλλαβέσθαι αὐτῷ· ἦν δὲ Μυρτίλος --παρας βάτης εἴτουν -- ἡνίοχος Οἰνομάου. 2.7 Μυρτίλος οὖν ἐρῶν αὐτῆς καὶ βουλόμενος αὐτῇ χαρίσασθαι, ταῖς χοινικίσι τῶν τροχῶν τοὺς ἥλους οὐκ ἐμβαλὼν ἐποίησε τὸν Οἰνόμαον ἐν τῷ τρέχειν ἡττηθῆναι καὶ ταῖς ἡνίαις συμπλακέντα συρόμενον ἀποθανεῖν, κατὰ δέ τινας ἀναιρεθῆναι ὑπὸ τοῦ Πέλοπος· ὃ ἐν τῷ ἀποθνήσκειν κατηράσατο τῷ Μυρτίλῳ γνοὺς τὴν ἐπιβουλήν, ἵνα ὑπὸ Πέλοπος ἀπόληται. 2.8 λαβὼν οὖν Πέλοψ τὴν Ἱπποδάμειαν καὶ διερχόμενος ἐν τόπῳ τινί, τὸν Μυρτίλον ἔχων μεθʼ ἑαυτοῦ, μικρὸν ἀναχωρεῖ κομίσων ὕδωρ διψώσῃ τῇ γυναικί· Μυρτίλος δὲ ἐν τούτῳ βιάζειν αὐτὴν ἐπεχείρει. μαθὼν δὲ τοῦτο παρʼ αὐτῆς 1 -- ὁ Πέλοψ ῥίπτει τὸν Μυρτίλον περὶ Γεραιστὸν ἀκρωτήριον εἰς τὸ ἀπʼ ἐκείνου κληθὲν Μυρτῷον πέλαγος· ὁ δὲ ῥιπτούμενος ἀρὰς ἔθετο κατὰ τοῦ Πέλοπος γένους. 2.9 παραγενόμενος δὲ Πέλοψ ἐπʼ ὠκεανὸν καὶ ἁγνισθεὶς ὑπὸ Ἡφαίστου, ἐπανελθὼν εἰς Πῖσαν τῆς Ἤλιδος τὴν Οἰνομάου βασιλείαν λαμβάνει, χειρωσάμενος τὴν πρότερον Ἀπίαν καὶ Πελασγιῶτιν λεγομένην, ἣν ἀφʼ ἑαυτοῦ Πελοπόννησον ἐκάλεσεν. 2.10 ὅτι υἱοὶ Πέλοπος Πιτθεὺς Ἀτρεὺς Θυέστης καὶ ἕτεροι· γυνὴ δὲ Ἀτρέως Ἀερόπη τοῦ Κατρέως, 1 -- ἥτις ἤρα Θυέστου. ὁ δὲ Ἀτρεὺς εὐξάμενός ποτε τῶν αὑτοῦ 2 -- ποιμνίων, ὅπερ ἂν κάλλιστον γένηται, τοῦτο θῦσαι Ἀρτέμιδι, λέγουσιν ἀρνὸς φανείσης χρυσῆς ὅτι κατημέλησε τῆς εὐχῆς· 2.11 πνίξας δὲ αὐτὴν εἰς λάρνακα κατέθετο κἀκεῖ ἐφύλασσε ταύτην· ἣν Ἀερόπη δίδωσι τῷ Θυέστῃ μοιχευθεῖσα ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ. χρησμοῦ γὰρ γεγονότος τοῖς Μυκηναίοις ἑλέσθαι βασιλέα Πελοπίδην, μετεπέμψαντο Ἀτρέα καὶ Θυέστην. λόγου δὲ γενομένου περὶ τῆς βασιλείας ἐξεῖπε Θυέστης τῷ πλήθει τὴν βασιλείαν δεῖν ἔχειν τὸν ἔχοντα τὴν ἄρνα τὴν χρυσῆν· συνθεμένου δὲ τοῦ Ἀτρέως δείξας ἐβασίλευσε. 2.12 Ζεὺς δὲ Ἑρμῆν πέμπει πρὸς Ἀτρέα καὶ λέγει συνθέσθαι πρὸς Θυέστην περὶ τοῦ βασιλεῦσαι Ἀτρέα, εἰ τὴν ἐναντίαν ὁδεύσει ὁ Ἥλιος· Θυέστου δὲ συνθεμένου τὴν δύσιν εἰς ἀνατολὰς ὁ Ἥλιος ἐποιήσατο· ὅθεν ἐκμαρτυρήσαντος τοῦ δαίμονος τὴν Θυέστου πλεονεξίαν, τὴν βασιλείαν Ἀτρεὺς παρέλαβε καὶ Θυέστην ἐφυγάδευσεν. 2.13 αἰσθόμενος δὲ τῆς μοιχείας ὕστερον κήρυκα πέμψας ἐπὶ διαλλαγὰς αὐτὸν ἐκάλει· καὶ ψευσάμενος εἶναι φίλος, παραγενομένου τοὺς παῖδας, οὓς εἶχεν ἐκ νηίδος νύμφης, Ἀγλαὸν 1 -- καὶ Καλλιλέοντα καὶ Ὀρχομενόν, ἐπὶ τὸν Διὸς βωμὸν καθεσθέντας ἱκέτας ἔσφαξε, καὶ μελίσας καὶ καθεψήσας παρατίθησι Θυέστῃ χωρὶς τῶν ἄκρων, ἐμφορηθέντι 2 -- δὲ δείκνυσι τὰ ἄκρα καὶ τῆς χώρας αὐτὸν ἐκβάλλει. 2.14 Θυέστης δὲ κατὰ πάντα τρόπον ζητῶν Ἀτρέα μετελθεῖν ἐχρηστηριάζετο περὶ τούτου καὶ λαμβάνει χρησμόν, ὡς εἰ παῖδα γεννήσει τῇ θυγατρὶ συνελθών. ποιεῖ οὖν 1 -- οὕτω καὶ γεννᾷ ἐκ τῆς θυγατρὸς Αἴγισθον, 2 -- ὃς ἀνδρωθεὶς καὶ μαθών, ὅτι Θυέστου παῖς ἐστι, κτείνας Ἀτρέα Θυέστῃ τὴν βασιλείαν ἀποκατέστησεν.'' None		sup>
2.6 So Pelops also came a-wooing; and when Hippodamia saw his beauty, she conceived a passion for him, and persuaded Myrtilus, son of Hermes, to help him; for Myrtilus was charioteer to Oenomaus. ' "2.7 Accordingly Myrtilus, being in love with her and wishing to gratify her, did not insert the linchpins in the boxes of the wheels, According to another account, which had the support of Pherecydes, Myrtilus substituted linchpins of wax for linchpins of bronze. See Scholiast on Ap. Rhod., Argon. i.752 ; Tzetzes, Scholiast on Lycophron 156 ; Scholiast on Eur. Or. 998 ; Serv. Verg. G. 3.7, ed. Lion, where for aereis we should read cereis (the text in Thilo and Hagen's edition of Servius is mutilated and omits the passage); Scriptores rerum mythicarum Latini, ed. Bode, i. pp. 7, 125 (First Vatican Mythographer 21; Second Vatican Mythographer 146) . and thus caused Oenomaus to lose the race and to be entangled in the reins and dragged to death; but according to some, he was killed by Pelops. And in dying he cursed Myrtilus, whose treachery he had discovered, praying that he might perish by the hand of Pelops. " '2.8 Pelops, therefore, got Hippodamia; and on his journey, in which he was accompanied by Myrtilus, he came to a certain place, and withdrew a little to fetch water for his wife, who was athirst; and in the meantime Myrtilus tried to rape her. Compare Tzetzes, Scholiast on Lycophron 156 ; Scholiast on Hom. Il. ii.104 . The latter writer says, somewhat absurdly, that the incident took place when Pelops and Hippodamia were crossing the Aegean Sea, and that, Hippodamia being athirst, Pelops dismounted from the chariot to look for water in the desert. But when Pelops learned that from her, he threw Myrtilus into the sea, called after him the Myrtoan Sea, at Cape Geraestus Compare Eur. Or. 989ff. ; and Myrtilus, as he was being thrown, uttered curses against the house of Pelops. 2.9 When Pelops had reached the Ocean and been cleansed by Hephaestus, Compare Tzetzes, Scholiast on Lycophron 156 ; Scholiast on Eur. Or. 990 . he returned to Pisa in Elis and succeeded to the kingdom of Oenomaus, but not till he had subjugated what was formerly called Apia and Pelasgiotis, which he called Peloponnesus after himself. As to Apia, the old name of Peloponnese, see above, Apollod. 2.1.1 ; Paus. 2.5.7 ; Stephanus Byzantius, s.v. Ἀπία . The term Pelasgiotis seems not to occur elsewhere as a name for Peloponnese . However, Euripides uses Pelasgia apparently as equivalent to Argolis ( Eur. Or. 960 ). 2.10 The sons of Pelops were Pittheus, Atreus, Thyestes, and others. According to Pindar, Pelops had six sons by Hippodamia, and three different lists of their names are given by the Scholiasts on the passage. All the lists include the three mentioned by Apollodorus. See Pind. O. 1.89(144), with the Scholia. Three sons, Hippalcimus, Atreus, and Thyestes, are named by Hyginus (Fab. 84) . Besides his legitimate sons Pelops is said to have had a bastard son Chrysippus, who was born to him before his marriage with Hippodamia. His fondness for this love-child excited the jealousy of his wife, and at her instigation Atreus and Thyestes murdered Chrysippus by throwing him down a well. For this crime Pelops cursed his two sons and banished them, and Hippodamia fled to Argolis, but her bones were afterwards brought back to Olympia . See Thuc. 1.9 ; Paus. 6.20.7 ; Tzetzes, Chiliades i.415ff. ; Scholiast on Hom. Il. ii.105 ; Hyginus, Fab. 85 . Euripides wrote a tragedy Chrysippus on this subject. See TGF (Nauck 2nd ed.), pp. 632ff. The tragedy is alluded to by Cicero (Tusc. Disp. iv.33.71 ). As to Chrysippus, see also above, Apollod. 3.5.5 . Now the wife of Atreus was Aerope, daughter of Catreus, and she loved Thyestes. And Atreus once vowed to sacrifice to Artemis the finest of his flocks; but when a golden lamb appeared, they say that he neglected to perform his vow, 2.11 and having choked the lamb, he deposited it in a box and kept it there, and Aerope gave it to Thyestes, by whom she had been debauched. For the Mycenaeans had received an oracle which bade them choose a Pelopid for their king, and they had sent for Atreus and Thyestes. And when a discussion took place concerning the kingdom, Thyestes declared to the multitude that the kingdom ought to belong to him who owned the golden lamb, and when Atreus agreed, Thyestes produced the lamb and was made king. ' "2.12 But Zeus sent Hermes to Atreus and told him to stipulate with Thyestes that Atreus should be king if the sun should go backward; and when Thyestes agreed, the sun set in the east; hence the deity having plainly attested the usurpation of Thyestes, Atreus got the kingdom and banished Thyestes. This story of the golden lamb, and of the appeal made to its possession by the two brothers in the contest for the kingdom, is told in substantially the same way by Tzetzes, Chiliades i.425ff. ; Scholiast on Hom. Il. ii.106 ; Scholiast on Eur. Or. 811, 998 . Tzetzes records the vow of Atreus to sacrifice the best of his flock to Artemis, and he cites as his authority Apollonius, which is almost certainly a mistake for Apollodorus. Probably Tzetzes and the Scholiasts drew on the present passage of Apollodorus, or rather on the passage as it appeared in the unabridged text instead of in the Epitome which is all that we now possess of the last part of the Library . Euripides told the story allusively in much the same way. See Eur. El. 699ff. ; Eur. Or. 996ff. Compare Plat. Stat. 12 ; Paus. 2.18.1 ; Lucian, De astrologia 12 ; Dio Chrysostom lxvi. vol. ii. p. 221, ed. L. Dindorf ; Accius, quoted by Cicero, De natura deorum iii.27.68 ; Seneca, Thyestes 222-235 ; Lactantius Placidus on Statius, Theb. iv.306 ; Scriptores rerum mythicarum Latini, ed. Bode, i. pp. 7, 125ff. (First Vatican Mythographer 22; Second Vatican Mythographer 147) . From these various accounts and allusions it would seem that in their dispute for the kingdom, which Atreus claimed in right of birth as the elder ( Tzetzes, Chiliades i.426 ), it was agreed that he who could exhibit the greatest portent should be king. Atreus intended to produce the golden lamb, which had been born in his flocks; but meanwhile the lamb had been given by his treacherous wife Aerope to her paramour Thyestes, who produced it in evidence of his claim and was accordingly awarded the crown. However, with the assistance of Zeus, the rightful claimant Atreus was able to exhibit a still greater portent, which was the sun and the Pleiades retracing their course in the sky and setting in the east instead of in the west. This mighty marvel, attesting the divine approbation of Atreus, clinched the dispute in his favour; he became king, and banished his rival Thyestes. According to a different account, which found favour with the Latin poets, the sun reversed his course in the sky, not in order to demonstrate the right of Atreus to the crown, but on the contrary to mark his disgust and horror at the king for murdering his nephews and dishing up their mangled limbs to their father Thyestes at table. See Tzetzes, Chiliades i.451 ; Statyllius Flaccus, in Anth. Pal. ix.98.2 ; Hyginus, Fab. 88, 258 ; Ovid, Tristia ii.391ff. ; Ovid, Ars Am. i.327ff. ; Seneca, Thyestes 776ff. ; Martial iii.45.1ff. From the verses of Statyllius Flaccus we may infer that this latter was the interpretation put on the backward motion of the sun by Sophocles in his tragedy Atreus . See The Fragments of Sophocles, ed. A. C. Pearson, i.93 . In later times rationalists explained the old fable by saying that Atreus was an astronomer who first calculated an eclipse, and so threw his less scientific brother into the shade ( Hyginus, Fab. 158 ; Serv. A. 1.568 ), or who first pointed out that the sun appears to revolve in a direction contrary to the motion of the stars. See Strab. 1.2.15 ; Lucian, De astrologia 12 . A fragment of Euripides appears to show that he put in the mouth of Atreus this claim to astronomical discovery. See TGF (Nauck 2nd ed.), p. 639, frag. 861 . A still more grandiose explanation of the myth was given by Plato l.c., who adduced it, with grave irony, as evidence that in alternate cycles of vast duration the universe revolves in opposite directions, the reversal of its motion at the end of each cycle being accompanied by a great destruction of animal life. This magnificent theory was perhaps suggested to the philosopher by the speculations of Empedocles, and it bears a resemblance not only to the ancient Indian doctrine of successive epochs of creation and destruction, but also to Herbert Spencer's view of the great cosmic process as moving eternally in alternate and measureless cycles of evolution and dissolution. See Sir Charles Lyell, Principles of Geology, 12th ed. (London, 1875), i.7, quoting the Laws of Manu ; Herbert Spencer, First Principles, 3rd ed. (London, 1875), pp. 536ff. Compare Spirits of the Corn and of the Wild, ii.303ff. " '2.13 But afterwards being apprized of the adultery, he sent a herald to Thyestes with a proposal of accommodation; and when he had lured Thyestes by a pretence of friendship, he slaughtered the sons, Aglaus, Callileon, and Orchomenus, whom Thyestes had by a Naiad nymph, though they had sat down as suppliants on the altar of Zeus. And having cut them limb from limb and boiled them, he served them up to Thyestes without the extremities; and when Thyestes had eaten heartily of them, he showed him the extremities, and cast him out of the country. As to the famous, or infamous, Thyestean banquet, see Aesch. Ag. 1590ff. ; Paus. 2.18.1 ; Tzetzes, Chiliades i.447ff. ; Hyginus, Fab. 88 ; Seneca, Thyestes 682ff. ; Serv. Verg. A. 1.568, xi.262 ; Lactantius Placidus on Statius, Theb. iv.306 ; Scriptores rerum mythicarum Latini, ed. Bode, i. pp. 7, 126, 209 (First Vatican Mythographer 22; Second Vatican Mythographer 147; Third Vatican Mythographer viii.16) . Sophocles wrote at least two tragedies on the fatal feud between the brothers, one of them being called Atreus and the other Thyestes . The plots of the plays are not certainly known, but it is thought probable that in the former he dealt with the cannibal banquet, and in the latter with the subsequent adventures and crimes of Thyestes. See The Fragments of Sophocles, ed. A. C. Pearson, vol. i. pp. 91ff., 185ff. Euripides also wrote a tragedy called Thyestes . See TGF (Nauck 2nd ed.), pp. 480ff. Tzetzes agrees with Apollodorus as to the names of the three murdered sons of Thyestes, except that he calls one of them Callaus instead of Callileon. Only two, Tantalus and Plisthenes, are named by Seneca and Hyginus. 2.14 But seeking by all means to pay Atreus out, Thyestes inquired of the oracle on the subject, and received an answer that it could be done if he were to beget a son by intercourse with his own daughter. He did so accordingly, and begot Aegisthus by his daughter. And Aegisthus, when he was grown to manhood and had learned that he was a son of Thyestes, killed Atreus, and restored the kingdom to Thyestes. The later history of Thyestes, including his incest with his daughter Pelopia, is narrated much more fully by Hyginus, Fab. 87, 88, who is believed to have derived the story from the Thyestes of Sophocles. See The Fragments of Sophocles, ed. A. C. Pearson, vol. i. pp. 185ff. The incest and the birth of Aegisthus, who is said to have received his name because he was suckled by a goat, are told more briefly by Lactantius Placidus (on Statius, Theb. iv.306) and the First and Second Vatican Mythographers ( Scriptores rerum mythicarum Latini, ed. Bode, i. pp. 7ff., 126 ). The incest is said to have been committed at Sicyon, where the father and daughter met by night without recognizing each other; the recognition occurred at a later time by means of a sword which Pelopia had wrested from her ravisher, and with which, on coming to a knowledge of her relationship to him, she stabbed herself to death. '' None
44. Josephus Flavius, Jewish Antiquities, 19.276, 20.17-20.29, 20.31-20.49, 20.51-20.59, 20.61-20.69, 20.71-20.79, 20.81-20.89, 20.91-20.96 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Adiabene, Conversion of royal family of Adiabene • Family • Josephus, family members of • Philo of Alexandria, family and life of

 Found in books: Arampapaslis, Augoustakis, Froedge, Schroer (2023), Dynamics of Marginality: Liminal Characters and Marginal Groups in Neronian and Flavian Literature. 12; Goodman (2006), Judaism in the Roman World: Collected Essays, 92, 150; Hachlili (2005), Practices And Rites In The Second Temple Period, 36, 300, 307, 321; Taylor (2012), The Essenes, the Scrolls, and the Dead Sea, 37

sup>
19.276 ̓Αντίοχον δὲ ἣν εἶχεν βασιλείαν ἀφελόμενος Κιλικίας μέρει τινὶ καὶ Κομμαγηνῇ δωρεῖται. λύει δὲ καὶ ̓Αλέξανδρον τὸν ἀλαβάρχην φίλον ἀρχαῖον αὐτῷ γεγονότα καὶ ̓Αντωνίαν αὐτοῦ ἐπιτροπεύσαντα τὴν μητέρα ὀργῇ τῇ Γαί̈ου δεδεμένον, καὶ αὐτοῦ υἱὸς Βερενίκην τὴν ̓Αγρίππου γαμεῖ θυγατέρα.
20.17 Κατὰ τοῦτον δὲ τὸν καιρὸν τῶν ̓Αδιαβηνῶν βασιλὶς ̔Ελένη καὶ ὁ παῖς αὐτῆς ̓Ιζάτης εἰς τὰ ̓Ιουδαίων ἔθη τὸν βίον μετέβαλον διὰ τοιαύτην αἰτίαν:' "
20.17 θέλειν γὰρ ἔφασκεν αὐτοῖς ἐκεῖθεν ἐπιδεῖξαι, ὡς κελεύσαντος αὐτοῦ πίπτοι τὰ τῶν ̔Ιεροσολυμιτῶν τείχη, δι' ὧν καὶ τὴν εἴσοδον αὐτοῖς παρέξειν ἐπηγγέλλετο." '20.18 Μονόβαζος ὁ τῶν ̓Αδιαβηνῶν βασιλεύς, ᾧ καὶ Βαζαῖος ἐπίκλησις ἦν, τῆς ἀδελφῆς ̔Ελένης ἁλοὺς ἔρωτι τῇ πρὸς γάμου κοινωνίᾳ ἄγεται καὶ κατέστησεν ἐγκύμονα. συγκαθεύδων δέ ποτε τῇ γαστρὶ τῆς γυναικὸς τὴν χεῖρα προσαναπαύσας ἡνίκα καθύπνωσεν, φωνῆς τινος ἔδοξεν ὑπακούειν κελευούσης αἴρειν ἀπὸ τῆς νηδύος τὴν χεῖρα καὶ μὴ θλίβειν τὸ ἐν αὐτῇ βρέφος θεοῦ προνοίᾳ καὶ ἀρχῆς τυχὸν καὶ τέλους εὐτυχοῦς τευξόμενον.' "20.18 ἐξάπτεται δὲ καὶ τοῖς ἀρχιερεῦσι στάσις πρὸς τοὺς ἱερεῖς καὶ τοὺς πρώτους τοῦ πλήθους τῶν ̔Ιεροσολυμιτῶν, ἕκαστός τε αὐτῶν στῖφος ἀνθρώπων τῶν θρασυτάτων καὶ νεωτεριστῶν ἑαυτῷ ποιήσας ἡγεμὼν ἦν, καὶ συρράσσοντες ἐκακολόγουν τε ἀλλήλους καὶ λίθοις ἔβαλλον. ὁ δ' ἐπιπλήξων ἦν οὐδὲ εἷς, ἀλλ' ὡς ἐν ἀπροστατήτῳ πόλει ταῦτ' ἐπράσσετο μετ' ἐξουσίας." '20.19 ταραχθεὶς οὖν ὑπὸ τῆς φωνῆς εὐθὺς διεγερθεὶς ἔφραζε τῇ γυναικὶ ταῦτα, καί γε τὸν υἱὸν ̓Ιζάτην ἐπεκάλεσεν.' "20.19 τὸ δὲ βασίλειον ἐγεγόνει πάλαι ὑπὸ τῶν ̓Ασαμωναίου παίδων, ἐφ' ὑψηλοῦ δὲ τόπου κείμενον τοῖς κατοπτεύειν ἀπ' αὐτοῦ βουλομένοις τὴν πόλιν ἐπιτερπεστάτην παρεῖχεν τὴν θέαν, ἧς ἐφιέμενος ὁ βασιλεὺς ἐκεῖθεν ἀφεώρα κατακείμενος τὰ κατὰ τὸ ἱερὸν πρασσόμενα." '20.21 τοῦτο μειζόνων κακῶν ἦρξεν: οἱ γὰρ λῃσταὶ παντοίως ἐπεμηχανῶντο τῶν ̓Ανανίου τινὰς συλλαμβάνειν οἰκείων καὶ συνεχῶς ζωγροῦντες οὐκ ἀπέλυον πρὶν ἤ τινας τῶν σικαρίων ἀπολάβοιεν γενόμενοί τε πάλιν ἀριθμὸς οὐκ ὀλίγος ἀναθαρρήσαντες τὴν χώραν ἅπασαν ἐκάκουν.' "20.21 φθόνος δὲ τοὐντεῦθεν τῷ παιδὶ παρὰ τῶν ὁμοπατρίων ἀδελφῶν ἐφύετο κἀκ τούτου μῖσος ηὔξετο λυπουμένων ἁπάντων, ὅτι τὸν ̓Ιζάτην αὐτῶν ὁ πατὴρ προτιμῴη. 20.22 καὶ χρήματα μὲν ἀπόθετα διὰ τὸν ἐκ ̔Ρωμαίων φόβον ἔχειν οὐ θέλων, προνοούμενος δὲ τῶν τεχνιτῶν καὶ εἰς τούτους ἀναλοῦν τοὺς θησαυροὺς βουλόμενος, καὶ γὰρ εἰ μίαν τις ὥραν τῆς ἡμέρας ἐργάσαιτο, τὸν μισθὸν ὑπὲρ ταύτης εὐθέως ἐλάμβανεν, ἔπειθον τὸν βασιλέα τὴν ἀνατολικὴν στοὰν ἀνεγεῖραι.' "20.22 ταῦτα δὲ καίπερ σαφῶς αἰσθανόμενος ὁ πατὴρ ἐκείνοις μὲν συνεγίνωσκεν ὡς μὴ διὰ κακίαν αὐτὸ πάσχουσιν ἀλλ' ἤτοι παρὰ τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτῶν ἕκαστον ἀξιῶν εὐνοίας τυγχάνειν, τὸν δὲ νεανίαν, σφόδρα γὰρ ἐδεδοίκει περὶ αὐτοῦ, μὴ μισούμενος ὑπὸ τῶν ἀδελφῶν πάθοι τι, πολλὰ δωρησάμενος πρὸς ̓Αβεννήριγον ἐκπέμπει τὸν Σπασίνου χάρακος βασιλέα, παρακατατιθέμενος ἐκείνῳ τὴν τοῦ παιδὸς σωτηρίαν." '20.23 γίνεται δὲ τῶν ἐτῶν ἀριθμὸς ὧν ἦρξαν οἱ δεκατρεῖς ἀφ' ἧς ἡμέρας οἱ πατέρες ἡμῶν ἐξέλιπον Αἴγυπτον Μωυσέως ἄγοντος μέχρι τῆς τοῦ ναοῦ κατασκευῆς, ὃν Σολόμων ὁ βασιλεὺς ἐν ̔Ιεροσολύμοις ἀνήγειρεν, ἔτη δώδεκα πρὸς τοῖς ἑξακοσίοις." '20.23 ὁ δὲ ̓Αβεννήριγος ἄσμενός τε δέχεται τὸν νεανίαν καὶ διὰ πολλῆς εὐνοίας ἄγων γυναῖκα μὲν αὐτῷ τὴν θυγατέρα, Σαμαχὼς δ' ἦν ὄνομα ταύτῃ, δίδωσι: δωρεῖται δὲ χώραν, ἐξ ἧς μεγάλας λήψοιτο προσόδους." "20.24 Μονόβαζος δὲ ἤδη γηραιὸς ὢν καὶ τοῦ ζῆν ὀλίγον αὐτῷ τὸν λοιπὸν ὁρῶν χρόνον ἠθέλησεν εἰς ὄψιν ἀφικέσθαι τῷ παιδὶ πρὸ τοῦ τελευτῆσαι. μεταπεμψάμενος οὖν αὐτὸν ἀσπάζεται φιλοφρονέστατα, καὶ χώραν δίδωσιν Καρρῶν λεγομένην. 20.24 καὶ τοῦτον δὲ δόλῳ παρὰ συμπόσιον ὑπὸ τοῦ γαμβροῦ διαφθαρέντα διεδέξατο παῖς ̔Υρκανὸς ὄνομα ὃν κατασχόντα τὴν ἱερωσύνην πλείονα τἀδελφοῦ χρόνον ἐνιαυτῷ, τριακονταὲν ἔτη τῆς τιμῆς ̔Υρκανὸς ἀπολαύσας τελευτᾷ γηραιὸς ̓Ιούδᾳ τῷ καὶ ̓Αριστοβούλῳ κληθέντι τὴν διαδοχὴν καταλιπών.' "20.25 εἰσὶν οὖν οἱ ἀπὸ τῶν ̔Ηρώδου χρόνων ἀρχιερατεύσαντες μέχρι τῆς ἡμέρας, ἧς τὸν ναὸν καὶ τὴν πόλιν Τίτος ἑλὼν ἐπυρπόλησεν, οἱ πάντες εἴκοσι καὶ ὀκτώ, χρόνος δὲ τούτων ἔτη πρὸς τοῖς ἑκατὸν ἑπτά.' "20.25 φέρειν δ' ἡ γῆ πλεῖστον τὸ ἄμωμον ἀγαθή: ἔστι δ' ἐν αὐτῇ καὶ τὰ λείψανα τῆς λάρνακος, ᾗ Νῶχον ἐκ τῆς ἐπομβρίας διασεσῶσθαι λόγος ἔχει, καὶ μέχρι νῦν ταῦτα τοῖς ἰδεῖν βουλομένοις ἐπιδείκνυται." '20.26 διέτριβεν οὖν ὁ ̓Ιζάτης ἐν τῇ χώρᾳ ταύτῃ μέχρι τῆς τελευτῆς τοῦ πατρός. ᾗ δ' ἐξέλιπεν ἡμέρᾳ τὸν βίον ὁ Μονόβαζος ἡ βασιλὶς ̔Ελένη μεταπέμπεται πάντας τοὺς μεγιστᾶνας καὶ τῆς βασιλείας σατράπας καὶ τοὺς τὰς δυνάμεις πεπιστευμένους." "20.26 ὅσα τε πεπόνθαμεν ὑπὸ ̓Ασσυρίων τε καὶ Βαβυλωνίων, τίνα τε Πέρσαι καὶ Μακεδόνες διατεθείκασιν ἡμᾶς, καὶ μετ' ἐκείνους ̔Ρωμαῖοι: πάντα γὰρ οἶμαι μετ' ἀκριβείας συντεταχέναι." "20.27 οἷς ἀφικομένοις, “ὅτι μὲν ὁ ἐμὸς ἀνήρ, εἶπε, τῆς βασιλείας αὐτῷ διάδοχον ̓Ιζάτην ηὔξατο γενέσθαι καὶ τοῦτον ἄξιον ἔκρινεν, οὐδ' ὑμᾶς λεληθέναι δοκῶ, περιμένω δὲ ὅμως καὶ τὴν ὑμετέραν κρίσιν: μακάριος γὰρ οὐχ ὁ παρ' ἑνός, ἀλλὰ πλειόνων καὶ θελόντων τὴν ἀρχὴν λαμβάνων.”" "20.28 ἡ μὲν ταῦτ' εἶπεν ἐπὶ πείρᾳ τοῦ τί φρονοῖεν οἱ συγκληθέντες: οἱ δὲ ἀκούσαντες πρῶτον μὲν προσεκύνησαν τὴν βασιλίδα, καθὼς ἔθος ἐστὶν αὐτοῖς, εἶτ' ἔφασαν τὴν τοῦ βασιλέως γνώμην βεβαιοῦν καὶ ὑπακούσεσθαι χαίροντες ̓Ιζάτῃ δικαίως ὑπὸ τοῦ πατρὸς προκριθέντι τῶν ἀδελφῶν κατὰ τὰς εὐχὰς τὰς ἁπάντων." "20.29 βούλεσθαί τ' ἔφασαν προαποκτεῖναι πρῶτον αὐτοῦ τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς καὶ συγγενεῖς ὑπὲρ τοῦ τὴν ἀρχὴν ̓Ιζάτην μετ' ἀσφαλείας κατασχεῖν: φθαρέντων γὰρ ἐκείνων καθαιρεθήσεσθαι πάντα τὸν φόβον τὸν ὑπὸ μίσους τοῦ παρ' αὐτῶν καὶ φθόνου γινόμενον." "
20.31 οἱ δ' ἐπεὶ ἀνελεῖν συμβουλεύσαντες οὐκ ἔπεισαν, ἀλλὰ φυλάσσειν αὐτοὺς δεσμίους παρῄνουν μέχρι τῆς ἐκείνου παρουσίας ὑπὲρ ἀσφαλείας τῆς ἑαυτῶν. συνεβούλευον δ' αὐτῇ μεταξὺ προστήσασθαί τινα τῆς ἀρχῆς ἐπίτροπον, ᾧ μάλιστα πιστεύει." "20.32 πείθεται τούτοις ἡ ̔Ελένη, καὶ καθίστησι τὸν πρεσβύτατον παῖδα Μονόβαζον βασιλέα περιθεῖσα τὸ διάδημα καὶ δοῦσα τὸν σημαντῆρα τοῦ πατρὸς δακτύλιον τήν τε σαμψηρὰν ὀνομαζομένην παρ' αὐτοῖς, διοικεῖν τε τὴν βασιλείαν παρῄνεσεν μέχρι τῆς τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ παρουσίας." "20.33 ἧκε δ' οὗτος ταχέως ἀκούσας τὴν τοῦ πατρὸς τελευτὴν καὶ διαδέχεται τὸν ἀδελφὸν Μονόβαζον ὑπεκστάντος τῆς ἀρχῆς αὐτῷ." "20.34 Καθ' ὃν δὲ χρόνον ὁ ̓Ιζάτης ἐν τῷ Σπασίνου χάρακι διέτριβεν ̓Ιουδαῖός τις ἔμπορος ̓Ανανίας ὄνομα πρὸς τὰς γυναῖκας εἰσιὼν τοῦ βασιλέως ἐδίδασκεν αὐτὰς τὸν θεὸν σέβειν, ὡς ̓Ιουδαίοις πάτριον ἦν," "20.35 καὶ δὴ δι' αὐτῶν εἰς γνῶσιν ἀφικόμενος τῷ ̓Ιζάτῃ κἀκεῖνον ὁμοίως συνανέπεισεν μετακληθέντι τε ὑπὸ τοῦ πατρὸς εἰς τὴν ̓Αδιαβηνὴν συνεξῆλθεν κατὰ πολλὴν ὑπακούσας δέησιν: συνεβεβήκει δὲ καὶ τὴν ̔Ελένην ὁμοίως ὑφ' ἑτέρου τινὸς ̓Ιουδαίου διδαχθεῖσαν εἰς τοὺς ἐκείνων μετακεκομίσθαι νόμους." "20.36 ὁ δ' ̓Ιζάτης ὡς παρέλαβεν τὴν βασιλείαν, ἀφικόμενος εἰς τὴν ̓Αδιαβηνὴν καὶ θεασάμενος τούς τε ἀδελφοὺς καὶ τοὺς ἄλλους συγγενεῖς δεδεμένους ἐδυσχέρανεν τῷ γεγονότι." "20.37 καὶ τὸ μὲν ἀνελεῖν ἢ φυλάττειν δεδεμένους ἀσεβὲς ἡγούμενος, τὸ δὲ μνησικακοῦντας ἔχειν σὺν αὐτῷ μὴ δεδεμένους σφαλερὸν εἶναι νομίζων, τοὺς μὲν ὁμηρεύσοντας μετὰ τέκνων εἰς τὴν ̔Ρώμην ἐξέπεμψε Κλαυδίῳ Καίσαρι, τοὺς δὲ πρὸς ̓Αρταβάνην τὸν Πάρθον ἐφ' ὁμοίαις προφάσεσιν ἀπέστειλεν." '20.38 Πυθόμενος δὲ πάνυ τοῖς ̓Ιουδαίων ἔθεσιν χαίρειν τὴν μητέρα τὴν ἑαυτοῦ ἔσπευσε καὶ αὐτὸς εἰς ἐκεῖνα μεταθέσθαι, νομίζων τε μὴ ἂν εἶναι βεβαίως ̓Ιουδαῖος, εἰ μὴ περιτέμνοιτο, πράττειν ἦν ἕτοιμος.' "20.39 μαθοῦσα δ' ἡ μήτηρ κωλύειν ἐπειρᾶτο ἐπιφέρειν αὐτῷ κίνδυνον λέγουσα: βασιλέα γὰρ εἶναι, καὶ καταστήσειν εἰς πολλὴν δυσμένειαν τοὺς ὑπηκόους μαθόντας, ὅτι ξένων ἐπιθυμήσειεν καὶ ἀλλοτρίων αὐτοῖς ἐθῶν, οὐκ ἀνέξεσθαί τε βασιλεύοντος αὐτῶν ̓Ιουδαίου." "20.41 δεδοικέναι γὰρ ἔλεγεν, μὴ τοῦ πράγματος ἐκδήλου πᾶσιν γενομένου κινδυνεύσειε τιμωρίαν ὑποσχεῖν ὡς αὐτὸς αἴτιος τούτων καὶ διδάσκαλος τῷ βασιλεῖ ἀπρεπῶν ἔργων γενόμενος, δυνάμενον δ' αὐτὸν ἔφη καὶ χωρὶς τῆς περιτομῆς τὸ θεῖον σέβειν, εἴγε πάντως κέκρικε ζηλοῦν τὰ πάτρια τῶν ̓Ιουδαίων: τοῦτ' εἶναι κυριώτερον τοῦ περιτέμνεσθαι:" "20.42 συγγνώμην δ' ἕξειν αὐτῷ καὶ τὸν θεὸν φήσαντος μὴ πράξαντι τὸ ἔργον δι' ἀνάγκην καὶ τὸν ἐκ τῶν ὑπηκόων φόβον, ἐπείσθη μὲν τότε τοῖς λόγοις ὁ βασιλεύς." '20.43 μετὰ ταῦτα δέ, τὴν γὰρ ἐπιθυμίαν οὐκ ἐξεβεβλήκει παντάπασιν, ̓Ιουδαῖός τις ἕτερος ἐκ τῆς Γαλιλαίας ἀφικόμενος ̓Ελεάζαρος ὄνομα πάνυ περὶ τὰ πάτρια δοκῶν ἀκριβὴς εἶναι προετρέψατο πρᾶξαι τοὖργον.' "20.44 ἐπεὶ γὰρ εἰσῆλθεν ἀσπασόμενος αὐτὸν καὶ κατέλαβε τὸν Μωυσέος νόμον ἀναγινώσκοντα, “λανθάνεις, εἶπεν, ὦ βασιλεῦ, τὰ μέγιστα τοὺς νόμους καὶ δι' αὐτῶν τὸν θεὸν ἀδικῶν: οὐ γὰρ ἀναγινώσκειν σε δεῖ μόνον αὐτούς, ἀλλὰ καὶ πρότερον τὰ προστασσόμενα ποιεῖν ὑπ' αὐτῶν." "20.45 μέχρι τίνος ἀπερίτμητος μενεῖς; ἀλλ' εἰ μήπω τὸν περὶ τούτου νόμον ἀνέγνως, ἵν' εἰδῇς τίς ἐστιν ἡ ἀσέβεια, νῦν ἀνάγνωθι.”" "20.46 ταῦτα ἀκούσας ὁ βασιλεὺς οὐχ ὑπερεβάλετο τὴν πρᾶξιν, μεταστὰς δ' εἰς ἕτερον οἴκημα καὶ τὸν ἰατρὸν εἰσκαλεσάμενος τὸ προσταχθὲν ἐτέλει καὶ μεταπεμψάμενος τήν τε μητέρα καὶ τὸν διδάσκαλον ̓Ανανίαν ἐσήμαινεν αὐτὸν πεπραχέναι τοὖργον." "20.47 τοὺς δ' ἔκπληξις εὐθὺς ἔλαβεν καὶ φόβος οὔτι μέτριος, μὴ τῆς πράξεως εἰς ἔλεγχον ἐλθούσης κινδυνεύσειεν μὲν ὁ βασιλεὺς τὴν ἀρχὴν ἀποβαλεῖν οὐκ ἀνασχομένων τῶν ὑπηκόων ἄρχειν αὐτῶν ἄνδρα τῶν παρ' ἑτέροις ζηλωτὴν ἐθῶν, κινδυνεύσειαν δὲ καὶ αὐτοὶ τῆς αἰτίας ἐπ' αὐτοῖς ἐνεχθείσης." "20.48 θεὸς δ' ἦν ὁ κωλύσων ἄρα τοὺς ἐκείνων φόβους ἐλθεῖν ἐπὶ τέλος: πολλοῖς γὰρ αὐτόν τε τὸν ̓Ιζάτην περιπεσόντα κινδύνοις καὶ παῖδας τοὺς ἐκείνου διέσωσεν ἐξ ἀμηχάνων πόρον εἰς σωτηρίαν παρασχών, ἐπιδεικνὺς ὅτι τοῖς εἰς αὐτὸν ἀποβλέπουσιν καὶ μόνῳ πεπιστευκόσιν ὁ καρπὸς οὐκ ἀπόλλυται ὁ τῆς εὐσεβείας. ἀλλὰ ταῦτα μὲν ὕστερον ἀπαγγελοῦμεν." '20.49 ̔Ελένη δὲ ἡ τοῦ βασιλέως μήτηρ ὁρῶσα τὰ μὲν κατὰ τὴν βασιλείαν εἰρηνευόμενα, τὸν δὲ υἱὸν αὐτῆς μακάριον καὶ παρὰ πᾶσι ζηλωτὸν καὶ τοῖς ἀλλοεθνέσι διὰ τὴν ἐκ τοῦ θεοῦ πρόνοιαν, ἐπιθυμίαν ἔσχεν εἰς τὴν ̔Ιεροσολυμιτῶν πόλιν ἀφικομένη τὸ πᾶσιν ἀνθρώποις περιβόητον ἱερὸν τοῦ θεοῦ προσκυνῆσαι καὶ χαριστηρίους θυσίας προσενεγκεῖν, ἐδεῖτό τε τοῦ παιδὸς ἐπιτρέψαι.' "
20.51 γίνεται δὲ αὐτῆς ἡ ἄφιξις πάνυ συμφέρουσα τοῖς ̔Ιεροσολυμίταις: λιμοῦ γὰρ αὐτῶν τὴν πόλιν κατὰ τὸν καιρὸν ἐκεῖνον πιεζοῦντος καὶ πολλῶν ὑπ' ἐνδείας ἀναλωμάτων φθειρομένων ἡ βασιλὶς ̔Ελένη πέμπει τινὰς τῶν ἑαυτῆς, τοὺς μὲν εἰς τὴν ̓Αλεξάνδρειαν πολλῶν σῖτον ὠνησομένους χρημάτων, τοὺς δ' εἰς Κύπρον ἰσχάδων φόρτον οἴσοντας." "20.52 ὡς δ' ἐπανῆλθον ταχέως κομίζοντες τοῖς ἀπορουμένοις διένειμε τροφὴν καὶ μεγίστην αὐτῆς μνήμην τῆς εὐποιίας ταύτης εἰς τὸ πᾶν ἡμῶν ἔθνος καταλέλοιπε." '20.53 πυθόμενος δὲ καὶ ὁ παῖς αὐτῆς ̓Ιζάτης τὰ περὶ τὸν λιμὸν ἔπεμψε πολλὰ χρήματα τοῖς πρώτοις τῶν ̔Ιεροσολυμιτῶν. ἀλλὰ γὰρ ἃ τοῖς βασιλεῦσιν εἰς τὴν πόλιν ἡμῶν ἀγαθὰ πέπρακται μετὰ ταῦτα δηλώσομεν.' "20.54 ̔Ο δὲ τῶν Πάρθων βασιλεὺς ̓Αρταβάνης αἰσθόμενος τοὺς σατράπας ἐπιβουλὴν ἐπ' αὐτὸν συντεθεικότας, μένειν παρ' αὐτοῖς ἀσφαλὲς οὐχ ὁρῶν ἔγνω πρὸς ̓Ιζάτην ἀπαίρειν, πόρον παρ' αὐτοῦ βουλόμενος σωτηρίας εὑρέσθαι καὶ κάθοδον εἰς τὴν ἀρχήν, εἰ δυνηθείη." "20.55 καὶ δὴ ἀφικνεῖται συγγενῶν τε καὶ οἰκετῶν περὶ χιλίους τὸν ἀριθμὸν ἐπαγόμενος συντυγχάνει τε τῷ ̓Ιζάτῃ καθ' ὁδόν." "20.56 αὐτός τε σαφῶς ἐκεῖνον ἐπιστάμενος, ὑπ' ̓Ιζάτου δὲ οὐ γινωσκόμενος, πλησίον καταστὰς πρῶτον μὲν κατὰ τὸ πάτριον προσεκύνησεν αὐτόν, εἶτα “βασιλεῦ”, φησίν, “μὴ περιίδῃς με τὸν σὸν ἱκέτην μηδ' ὑπερηφανήσῃς δεομένου: ταπεινὸς γὰρ ἐκ μεταβολῆς γενόμενος καὶ ἐκ βασιλέως ἰδιώτης τῆς σῆς ἐπικουρίας χρῄζω." '20.57 βλέψον οὖν εἰς τὸ τῆς τύχης ἄστατον καὶ κοινὴν εἶναι νόμισον καὶ ὑπὲρ σαυτοῦ πρόνοιαν: ἐμοῦ γὰρ ἀνεκδικήτου περιοφθέντος ἔσονται θρασύτεροι πολλοὶ καὶ κατὰ τῶν ἄλλων βασιλέων.”' "20.58 ὁ μὲν ταῦτ' ἔλεγεν δακρύων καὶ τῇ κεφαλῇ κάτω νεύων, ὁ δὲ ̓Ιζάτης ὡς ἤκουσε τοὔνομα καὶ εἶδεν ἱκέτην αὐτῷ παρεστῶτα τὸν ̓Αρταβάνην, κατεπήδησεν ἀπὸ τοῦ ἵππου καί “θάρσησον," '20.59 εἶπεν, ὦ βασιλεῦ, μηδέ σε συγχείτω τὸ παρὸν ὡς ἀνήκεστον: ταχεῖα γὰρ ἔσται τῆς λύπης ἡ μεταβολή. φίλον δέ με καὶ σύμμαχον εὑρήσεις κρείττω τῆς ἐλπίδος: ἢ γὰρ εἰς τὴν Πάρθων σε καταστήσω βασιλείαν πάλιν ἢ τῆς ἐμῆς ἐκστήσομαι.”' "
20.61 ὁ δὲ πεισθεὶς ἐπὶ τὸν ἵππον ἥλατο καὶ ἀγαγὼν αὐτὸν εἰς τὴν βασιλείαν πᾶσαν τιμὴν ἀπένειμεν ἔν τε συνεδρίαις καὶ ταῖς περὶ τὰς ἑστιάσεις προκατακλίσεσιν, οὐκ εἰς τὸ παρὸν αὐτοῦ τῆς τύχης ἀποβλέπων, ἀλλ' εἰς τὸ πρότερον ἀξίωμα, καί τι καὶ λογισμῷ διδούς, ὡς κοιναὶ τοῖς ἀνθρώποις αἱ μεταβολαὶ τῆς τύχης." '20.62 γράφει τε πρὸς τοὺς Πάρθους πείθων αὐτοὺς τὸν ̓Αρταβάνην ὑποδέξασθαι, πίστιν προτείνων τῆς τῶν πεπραγμένων ἀμνηστίας δεξιὰν καὶ ὅρκους καὶ μεσιτείαν τὴν αὐτοῦ.' "20.63 τῶν δὲ Πάρθων δέξασθαι μὲν αὐτὸν θέλειν οὐκ ἀρνουμένων, μὴ δύνασθαι δὲ λεγόντων διὰ τὸ τὴν ἀρχὴν ἑτέρῳ πεπιστευκέναι, Κίνναμος δ' ἦν ὄνομα τῷ παρειληφότι, καὶ δεδοικέναι, μὴ στάσις αὐτοὺς ἐκ τούτου καταλάβῃ," "20.64 μαθὼν τὴν προαίρεσιν αὐτῶν ὁ Κίνναμος ταύτην αὐτὸς γράφει τῷ ̓Αρταβάνῃ, τέθραπτο γὰρ ὑπ' αὐτοῦ καὶ φύσει δ' ἦν καλὸς καὶ ἀγαθός, παρακαλῶν αὐτῷ πιστεύσαντα παραγενέσθαι τὴν ἀρχὴν ἀποληψόμενον τὴν αὐτοῦ." "20.65 καὶ ὁ ̓Αρταβάνης πιστεύσας παρῆν. ὑπαντᾷ δ' αὐτῷ ὁ Κίνναμος καὶ προσκυνήσας βασιλέα τε προσαγορεύσας περιτίθησιν αὐτοῦ τῇ κεφαλῇ τὸ διάδημα ἀφελὼν τῆς ἑαυτοῦ." "20.66 Καὶ ̓Αρταβάνης οὕτω διὰ ̓Ιζάτου πάλιν εἰς τὴν ἀρχὴν καθίσταται πρότερον αὐτῆς ἐκπεσὼν διὰ τοὺς μεγιστᾶνας. οὐκ ἐγένετο μὴν ἀμνήμων τῶν εἰς αὐτὸν εὐεργεσιῶν, ἀλλ' ἀντιδωρεῖται τὸν ̓Ιζάτην ταῖς μεγίσταις τιμαῖς παρ' αὐτοῖς:" '20.67 τήν τε γὰρ τιάραν ὀρθὴν ἐπέτρεψεν αὐτῷ φορεῖν καὶ ἐπὶ κλίνης χρυσῆς καθεύδειν, ἅπερ μόνων ἐστὶ γέρα καὶ σημεῖα τῶν Πάρθων βασιλέων. 20.68 ἔδωκεν δὲ καὶ χώραν πολλὴν αὐτῷ κἀγαθὴν τοῦ τῶν ̓Αρμενίων βασιλέως ἀποτεμόμενος, Νίσιβις δέ ἐστιν ὄνομα τῇ γῇ, καὶ ἐν αὐτῇ πρότερον Μακεδόνες ἐκτίσαντο πόλιν ̓Αντιόχειαν, ἣν ̓Επιμυγδονίαν προσηγόρευσαν. ταύταις μὲν δὴ ταῖς τιμαῖς ὁ ̓Ιζάτης ὑπὸ τοῦ τῶν Πάρθων βασιλέως ἐτιμήθη.' "20.69 Μετ' οὐ πολὺν δὲ χρόνον ̓Αρταβάνης τελευτᾷ τὴν βασιλείαν τῷ παιδὶ Οὐαρδάνῃ καταλιπών. οὗτος δὴ πρὸς τὸν ̓Ιζάτην ἀφικόμενος ἔπειθεν αὐτὸν μέλλων πρὸς ̔Ρωμαίους πόλεμον ἐκφέρειν συστρατεύεσθαι καὶ συμμαχίαν ἑτοιμάζειν." "
20.71 ἔτι τε πεπομφὼς πέντε μὲν τὸν ἀριθμὸν υἱοὺς τὴν ἡλικίαν νέους γλῶτταν τὴν παρ' ἡμῖν πάτριον καὶ παιδείαν ἀκριβῶς μαθησομένους, τὴν δὲ μητέρα προσκυνήσουσαν τὸ ἱερόν, ὡς προεῖπον, ὀκνηρότερος ἦν καὶ τὸν Οὐαρδάνην ἐκώλυεν συνεχῶς διηγούμενος τὰς ̔Ρωμαίων δυνάμεις τε καὶ πράξεις, διὰ τούτων οἰόμενος αὐτὸν φοβήσειν καὶ παύσειν ἐπιθυμοῦντα τῆς ἐπ' αὐτοὺς στρατείας." "20.72 παροξυνθεὶς δ' ἐπὶ τούτοις ὁ Πάρθος πόλεμον εὐθὺς πρὸς ̓Ιζάτην κατήγγειλεν. οὐ μὴν ἔλαβεν οὐδὲ τῆς ἐπὶ τούτῳ στρατείας ὄνησιν τοῦ θεοῦ τὰς ἐλπίδας αὐτοῦ πάσας ὑποτεμόντος:" '20.73 μαθόντες γὰρ οἱ Πάρθοι τὴν διάνοιαν τοῦ Οὐαρδάνου καὶ ὡς ἐπὶ ̔Ρωμαίους στρατεύειν ἔκρινεν, αὐτὸν μὲν ἀναιροῦσιν, τὴν ἀρχὴν δὲ τῷ ἀδελφῷ Κοτάρδῃ παρέδοσαν.' "20.74 καὶ τοῦτον δὲ μετ' οὐ πολὺν χρόνον ἐξ ἐπιβουλῆς τελευτήσαντα διαδέχεται Οὐολογέσης ὁ ἀδελφός, ὃς δὴ καὶ τοῖς ὁμοπατρίοις δυσὶν ἀδελφοῖς δυναστείας ἐπίστευσεν, Πακόρῳ μὲν τῷ καὶ πρεσβυτέρῳ τὴν Μήδων, Τιριδάτῃ δὲ τῷ νεωτέρῳ τὴν ̓Αρμενίαν." '20.75 ̔Ο δὲ τοῦ βασιλέως ἀδελφὸς Μονόβαζος καὶ οἱ συγγενεῖς θεωροῦντες τὸν ̓Ιζάτην διὰ τὴν πρὸς τὸν θεὸν εὐσέβειαν ζηλωτὸν παρὰ πᾶσιν ἀνθρώποις γεγενημένον ἔσχον ἐπιθυμίαν καὶ αὐτοὶ τὰ πάτρια καταλιπόντες ἔθεσι χρῆσθαι τοῖς ̓Ιουδαίων.' "20.76 γίνεται δ' ἡ πρᾶξις αὐτῶν κατάφωρος τοῖς ὑπηκόοις, κἀπὶ τούτῳ χαλεπήναντες οἱ μεγιστᾶνες οὐκ ἐφανέρουν μὲν τὴν ὀργήν, κατὰ νοῦν δὲ ἔχοντες καιρὸν ἐπιτήδειον ἐζήτουν δίκην εἰσπράξασθαι σπεύδοντες παρ' αὐτῶν." "20.77 καὶ δὴ γράφουσιν πρὸς ̓Αβίαν τὸν ̓Αράβων βασιλέα χρήματα πολλὰ δώσειν ὑπισχνούμενοι στρατεύσασθαι θελήσαντι κατὰ τοῦ παρ' αὐτοῖς βασιλέως, ἐπηγγέλλοντο δὲ καὶ περὶ τὴν πρώτην συμβολὴν ἐγκαταλείψειν τὸν βασιλέα: θέλειν γὰρ αὐτὸν τιμωρήσασθαι μισήσαντα τὰ παρ' αὐτοῖς ἔθη: καὶ ὅρκοις τὴν πρὸς ἀλλήλους ἐνδησάμενοι πίστιν σπεύδειν παρεκάλουν." '20.78 πείθεται δὲ ὁ ̓́Αραψ, καὶ πολλὴν ἐπαγόμενος δύναμιν ἧκεν ἐπὶ τὸν ̓Ιζάτην. μελλούσης δὲ τῆς πρώτης συμβολῆς πρὶν εἰς χεῖρας ἐλθεῖν καταλείπουσιν τὸν ̓Ιζάτην ἐκ συνθήματος πάντες ὡς πανικῷ δείματι κατασχεθέντες, καὶ τὰ νῶτα τοῖς πολεμίοις ἐντρέψαντες ἔφευγον.' "20.79 οὐ μὴν ὁ ̓Ιζάτης κατεπλάγη, νοήσας δὲ προδοσίαν ὑπὸ τῶν μεγιστάνων γεγενῆσθαι καὶ αὐτὸς εἰς τὸ στρατόπεδον ὑπεχώρησεν, καὶ τὴν αἰτίαν ζητήσας ὡς ἔμαθεν συντεταγμένους πρὸς τὸν ̓́Αραβα, τοὺς μὲν αἰτίους ἀναιρεῖ, τῇ δ' ἐπιούσῃ συμβαλὼν πλείστους μὲν ἀπέκτεινε," "
20.81 ̓Αποτυχόντες δὲ οἱ τῶν ̓Αδιαβηνῶν μεγιστᾶνες τῆς πρώτης ἐπιχειρήσεως παραδόντος αὐτοὺς τοῦ θεοῦ τῷ βασιλεῖ οὐδ' ὣς ἠρέμουν, ἀλλὰ γράφουσιν πάλιν Οὐολογέσῃ, βασιλεὺς δὲ Πάρθων οὗτος ἦν, παρακαλοῦντες ἀποκτεῖναι μὲν τὸν ̓Ιζάτην, καταστῆσαι δ' αὐτοῖς ἕτερον δυνάστην καὶ τῷ γένει Πάρθον: μισεῖν γὰρ ἔλεγον τὸν ἑαυτῶν βασιλέα καταλύσαντα μὲν τὰ πάτρια, ξένων δ' ἐραστὴν ἐθῶν γενόμενον." '20.82 ταῦτα ἀκούσας ὁ Πάρθος ἐπήρθη πρὸς τὸν πόλεμον, καὶ προφάσεως δικαίας μηδεμίαν ἀφορμὴν ἔχων τὰς ὑπὸ τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτῷ δοθείσας τιμὰς ἔπεμψεν ἀπαιτῶν, ἀπειθήσαντι δὲ πόλεμον κατήγγελλεν. 20.83 ταράσσεται δὲ τὴν ψυχὴν οὐχὶ μετρίως ὁ ̓Ιζάτης, ὡς ἤκουσεν ταῦτα, κατάγνωσιν μὲν φέρειν αὐτῷ νομίσας τὸ τῶν δωρεῶν ἐξίστασθαι δοκεῖν διὰ φόβον τοῦτο πράξας. 20.84 εἰδὼς δέ, ὅτι καὶ ἀπολαβὼν ὁ Πάρθος τὰς τιμὰς οὐκ ἂν ἠρεμήσειεν, ἔκρινεν ἐπιτρέψαι τῷ κηδεμόνι θεῷ τὸν ὑπὲρ τῆς ψυχῆς κίνδυνον, 20.85 καὶ τοῦτον μέγιστον ἡγησάμενος ἔχειν σύμμαχον κατατίθεται μὲν τὰ τέκνα καὶ τὰς γυναῖκας εἰς τὰ τῶν φρουρίων ἀσφαλέστατα, τὸν σῖτον δὲ πάντα μὲν τὸν εἰς τὰς βάρεις * ἐμπίπρησιν τόν τε χόρτον καὶ τὰς νομάς, ταῦτά τε προευτρεπισάμενος ἐξεδέχετο τοὺς πολεμίους. 20.86 παραγενομένου δὲ τοῦ Πάρθου μετὰ πολλῆς δυνάμεως πεζῶν τε καὶ ἱππέων θᾶττον ἐλπίδος, ὥδευσε γὰρ συντόνως, βαλλομένου τε χάρακα πρὸς τῷ ποταμῷ τῷ τὴν ̓Αδιαβηνὴν καὶ τὴν Μηδίαν ὁρίζοντι, τίθησι καὶ ὁ ̓Ιζάτης τὸ στρατόπεδον οὐκ ἄπωθεν ἔχων περὶ αὐτὸν ἱππεῖς τὸν ἀριθμὸν ἑξακισχιλίους. 20.87 ἀφικνεῖται δὲ πρὸς τὸν ̓Ιζάτην ἄγγελος παρὰ τοῦ Πάρθου πεμφθείς, ὃς τὴν Πάρθων δύναμιν ὅση τίς ἐστιν ἤγγελλεν ἀπὸ Εὐφράτου ποταμοῦ μέχρι Βάκτρων τοὺς ὅρους αὐτῆς τιθέμενος καὶ τοὺς ὑπηκόους αὐτῆς βασιλέας καταλέγων. 20.88 ἠπείλει δὲ δώσειν αὐτὸν δίκας ἀχάριστον περὶ δεσπότας τοὺς ἑαυτοῦ γενόμενον, καὶ ῥύεσθαι τῶν βασιλέως αὐτὸν χειρῶν οὐδὲ τὸν θεὸν ὃν σέβει δυνήσεσθαι.' "20.89 ταῦτα τοῦ ἀγγέλου φράσαντος ὁ ̓Ιζάτης εἰδέναι μὲν τὴν Πάρθων δύναμιν ἔφη πολὺ τῆς αὐτοῦ διαφέρουσαν, γινώσκειν δ' οὖν ἔτι μᾶλλον πάντων ἀνθρώπων ἔλεγεν κρείσσω τὸν θεόν. καὶ τοιαύτην δοὺς τὴν ἀπόκρισιν ἐπὶ τὴν ἱκετείαν ἐτρέπετο τοῦ θεοῦ, χαμαί τε ῥίψας αὑτὸν καὶ σποδῷ τὴν κεφαλὴν καταισχύνας μετὰ γυναικὸς καὶ τέκνων ἐνήστευεν ἀνακαλῶν τὸν θεὸν καὶ λέγων," "
20.91 ὁ μὲν ταῦτ' ἐποτνιᾶτο δακρύων καὶ ὀδυρόμενος, ἐπήκοος δὲ ὁ θεὸς ἐγίνετο, καὶ κατ' ἐκείνην εὐθὺς τὴν νύκτα δεξάμενος Οὐολογέσης ἐπιστολάς, ἐν αἷς ἐγέγραπτο Δαῶν καὶ Σακῶν χεῖρα μεγάλην καταφρονήσασαν αὐτοῦ τῆς ἀποδημίας ἐπιστρατευσαμένην διαρπάζειν τὴν Παρθυηνῶν, ἄπρακτος ἀνέζευξεν εἰς τοὐπίσω. καὶ ̓Ιζάτης οὕτω κατὰ θεοῦ πρόνοιαν τὰς ἀπειλὰς τοῦ Πάρθου διαφεύγει." "20.92 Μετ' οὐ πολὺν δὲ χρόνον πεντηκοστὸν μὲν καὶ πέμπτον ἀπὸ γενεᾶς πληρώσας ἔτος τέταρτον δὲ πρὸς εἰκοστῷ δυναστεύσας, καταλιπὼν παῖδας ἄρρενας εἰκοσιτέσσαρας καὶ θυγατέρας εἰκοσιτέσσαρας καταστρέφει τὸν βίον." '20.93 τὴν μέντοι διαδοχὴν τῆς ἀρχῆς τὸν ἀδελφὸν Μονόβαζον ἐκέλευεν παραλαβεῖν, ἀμειβόμενος αὐτὸν ὅτι κατὰ τὴν ἀποδημίαν αὐτοῦ μετὰ τὸν τοῦ πατρὸς θάνατον πιστῶς φυλάξειεν αὐτῷ τὴν δυναστείαν.' "20.94 ἡ δὲ μήτηρ ̔Ελένη τὸν τοῦ παιδὸς θάνατον ἀκούσασα βαρέως μὲν ἤνεγκεν ὡς εἰκὸς μητέρα στερομένην εὐσεβεστάτου παιδός, παραμυθίαν δ' ὅμως εἶχεν τὴν διαδοχὴν ἀκούσασα εἰς τὸν πρεσβύτερον αὐτῆς υἱὸν ἥκουσαν, καὶ πρὸς αὐτὸν ἔσπευδεν. παραγενομένη δὲ εἰς τὴν ̓Αδιαβηνὴν οὐ πολὺν ̓Ιζάτῃ τῷ παιδὶ χρόνον ἐπεβίωσεν." '20.95 ὁ δὲ Μονόβαζος τά τε ἐκείνης ὀστᾶ καὶ τὰ τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ πέμψας εἰς ̔Ιεροσόλυμα θάψαι προσέταξεν ἐν ταῖς πυραμίσιν, ἃς ἡ μήτηρ κατεσκευάκει τρεῖς τὸν ἀριθμὸν τρία στάδια τῆς ̔Ιεροσολυμιτῶν πόλεως ἀπεχούσας. 20.96 ἀλλὰ Μονόβαζος μὲν ὁ βασιλεὺς ὅσα κατὰ τὸν τῆς ζωῆς χρόνον ἔπραξεν, ὕστερον ἀπαγγελοῦμεν.' ' None		sup>
19.276 he also took away from Antiochus that kingdom which he was possessed of, but gave him a certain part of Cilicia and Commagena: he also set Alexander Lysimachus, the alabarch, at liberty, who had been his old friend, and steward to his mother Antonia, but had been imprisoned by Caius, whose son Marcus married Bernice, the daughter of Agrippa.
20.17 1. About this time it was that Helena, queen of Adiabene, and her son Izates, changed their course of life, and embraced the Jewish customs, and this on the occasion following:
20.17 He said further, that he would show them from hence how, at his command, the walls of Jerusalem would fall down; and he promised them that he would procure them an entrance into the city through those walls, when they were fallen down. 20.18 And now arose a sedition between the high priests and the principal men of the multitude of Jerusalem; each of which got them a company of the boldest sort of men, and of those that loved innovations about them, and became leaders to them; and when they struggled together, they did it by casting reproachful words against one another, and by throwing stones also. And there was nobody to reprove them; but these disorders were done after a licentious manner in the city, as if it had no government over it. 20.18 Monobazus, the king of Adiabene, who had also the name of Bazeus, fell in love with his sister Helena, and took her to be his wife, and begat her with child. But as he was in bed with her one night, he laid his hand upon his wife’s belly, and fell asleep, and seemed to hear a voice, which bid him take his hand off his wife’s belly, and not hurt the infant that was therein, which, by God’s providence, would be safely born, and have a happy end. 20.19 Now this palace had been erected of old by the children of Asamoneus and was situate upon an elevation, and afforded a most delightful prospect to those that had a mind to take a view of the city, which prospect was desired by the king; and there he could lie down, and eat, and thence observe what was done in the temple; 20.19 This voice put him into disorder; so he awaked immediately, and told the story to his wife; and when his son was born, he called him Izates. 20.21 This was the beginning of greater calamities; for the robbers perpetually contrived to catch some of Aias’s servants; and when they had taken them alive, they would not let them go, till they thereby recovered some of their own Sicarii. And as they were again become no small number, they grew bold, and were a great affliction to the whole country. 20.21 which was the origin of that envy which his other brethren, by the same father, bore to him; while on this account they hated him more and more, and were all under great affliction that their father should prefer Izates before them. 20.22 Now although their father was very sensible of these their passions, yet did he forgive them, as not indulging those passions out of an ill disposition, but out of a desire each of them had to be beloved by their father. However, he sent Izates, with many presents, to Abennerig, the king of Charax-Spasini, and that out of the great dread he was in about him, lest he should come to some misfortune by the hatred his brethren bore him; and he committed his son’s preservation to him. 20.22 and while they were unwilling to keep by them the treasures that were there deposited, out of fear of their being carried away by the Romans; and while they had a regard to the making provision for the workmen; they had a mind to expend these treasures upon them; for if any one of them did but labor for a single hour, he received his pay immediately; so they persuaded him to rebuild the eastern cloisters. 20.23 Now the number of years during the rule of these thirteen, from the day when our fathers departed out of Egypt, under Moses their leader, until the building of that temple which king Solomon erected at Jerusalem, were six hundred and twelve. 20.23 Upon which Abennerig gladly received the young man, and had a great affection for him, and married him to his own daughter, whose name was Samacha: he also bestowed a country upon him, from which he received large revenues. 20.24 2. But when Monobazus was grown old, and saw that he had but a little time to live, he had a mind to come to the sight of his son before he died. So he sent for him, and embraced him after the most affectionate manner, and bestowed on him the country called Carra; 20.24 and when he was destroyed at a feast by the treachery of his son-in-law, his own son, whose name was Hyrcanus, succeeded him, after he had held the high priesthood one year longer than his brother. This Hyrcanus enjoyed that dignity thirty years, and died an old man, leaving the succession to Judas, who was also called Aristobulus, 20.25 Accordingly, the number of the high priests, from the days of Herod until the day when Titus took the temple and the City, and burnt them, were in all twenty-eight; the time also that belonged to them was a hundred and seven years. 20.25 it was a soil that bare amomum in great plenty: there are also in it the remains of that ark, wherein it is related that Noah escaped the deluge, and where they are still shown to such as are desirous to see them. 20.26 Accordingly, Izates abode in that country until his father’s death. But the very day that Monobazus died, queen Helena sent for all the grandees, and governors of the kingdom, and for those that had the armies committed to their command; 20.26 and what we have suffered from the Assyrians and Babylonians, and what afflictions the Persians and Macedonians, and after them the Romans, have brought upon us; for I think I may say that I have composed this history with sufficient accuracy in all things. 20.27 and when they were come, she made the following speech to them: “I believe you are not unacquainted that my husband was desirous Izates should succeed him in the government, and thought him worthy so to do. However, I wait your determination; for happy is he who receives a kingdom, not from a single person only, but from the willing suffrages of a great many.” 20.28 This she said, in order to try those that were invited, and to discover their sentiments. Upon the hearing of which, they first of all paid their homage to the queen, as their custom was, and then they said that they confirmed the king’s determination, and would submit to it; and they rejoiced that Izates’s father had preferred him before the rest of his brethren, as being agreeable to all their wishes: 20.29 but that they were desirous first of all to slay his brethren and kinsmen, that so the government might come securely to Izates; because if they were once destroyed, all that fear would be over which might arise from their hatred and envy to him.
20.31 So since these men had not prevailed with her, when they advised her to slay them, they exhorted her at least to keep them in bonds till he should come, and that for their own security; they also gave her counsel to set up some one whom she could put the greatest trust in, as a governor of the kingdom in the mean time. 20.32 So queen Helena complied with this counsel of theirs, and set up Monobazus, the eldest son, to be king, and put the diadem upon his head, and gave him his father’s ring, with its signet; as also the ornament which they call Sampser, and exhorted him to administer the affairs of the kingdom till his brother should come; 20.33 who came suddenly upon hearing that his father was dead, and succeeded his brother Monobazus, who resigned up the government to him. 20.34 3. Now, during the time Izates abode at Charax-Spasini, a certain Jewish merchant, whose name was Aias, got among the women that belonged to the king, and taught them to worship God according to the Jewish religion. 20.35 He, moreover, by their means, became known to Izates, and persuaded him, in like manner, to embrace that religion; he also, at the earnest entreaty of Izates, accompanied him when he was sent for by his father to come to Adiabene; it also happened that Helena, about the same time, was instructed by a certain other Jew and went over to them. 20.36 But when Izates had taken the kingdom, and was come to Adiabene, and there saw his brethren and other kinsmen in bonds, he was displeased at it; 20.37 and as he thought it an instance of impiety either to slay or imprison them, but still thought it a hazardous thing for to let them have their liberty, with the remembrance of the injuries that had been offered them, he sent some of them and their children for hostages to Rome, to Claudius Caesar, and sent the others to Artabanus, the king of Parthia, with the like intentions. 20.38 4. And when he perceived that his mother was highly pleased with the Jewish customs, he made haste to change, and to embrace them entirely; and as he supposed that he could not be thoroughly a Jew unless he were circumcised, he was ready to have it done. 20.39 But when his mother understood what he was about, she endeavored to hinder him from doing it, and said to him that this thing would bring him into danger; and that, as he was a king, he would thereby bring himself into great odium among his subjects, when they should understand that he was so fond of rites that were to them strange and foreign; and that they would never bear to be ruled over by a Jew. 20.41 and said that he was afraid lest such an action being once become public to all, he should himself be in danger of punishment for having been the occasion of it, and having been the king’s instructor in actions that were of ill reputation; and he said that he might worship God without being circumcised, even though he did resolve to follow the Jewish law entirely, which worship of God was of a superior nature to circumcision. 20.42 He added, that God would forgive him, though he did not perform the operation, while it was omitted out of necessity, and for fear of his subjects. So the king at that time complied with these persuasions of Aias. 20.43 But afterwards, as he had not quite left off his desire of doing this thing, a certain other Jew that came out of Galilee, whose name was Eleazar, and who was esteemed very skillful in the learning of his country, persuaded him to do the thing; 20.44 for as he entered into his palace to salute him, and found him reading the law of Moses, he said to him, “Thou dost not consider, O king! that thou unjustly breakest the principal of those laws, and art injurious to God himself, by omitting to be circumcised; for thou oughtest not only to read them, but chiefly to practice what they enjoin thee. 20.45 How long wilt thou continue uncircumcised? But if thou hast not yet read the law about circumcision, and dost not know how great impiety thou art guilty of by neglecting it, read it now.” 20.46 When the king had heard what he said, he delayed the thing no longer, but retired to another room, and sent for a surgeon, and did what he was commanded to do. He then sent for his mother, and Aias his tutor, and informed them that he had done the thing; 20.47 upon which they were presently struck with astonishment and fear, and that to a great degree, lest the thing should be openly discovered and censured, and the king should hazard the loss of his kingdom, while his subjects would not bear to be governed by a man who was so zealous in another religion; and lest they should themselves run some hazard, because they would be supposed the occasion of his so doing. 20.48 But it was God himself who hindered what they feared from taking effect; for he preserved both Izates himself and his sons when they fell into many dangers, and procured their deliverance when it seemed to be impossible, and demonstrated thereby that the fruit of piety does not perish as to those that have regard to him, and fix their faith upon him only. But these events we shall relate hereafter. 20.49 5. But as to Helena, the king’s mother, when she saw that the affairs of Izates’s kingdom were in peace, and that her son was a happy man, and admired among all men, and even among foreigners, by the means of God’s providence over him, she had a mind to go to the city of Jerusalem, in order to worship at that temple of God which was so very famous among all men, and to offer her thank-offerings there. So she desired her son to give her leave to go thither;
20.51 Now her coming was of very great advantage to the people of Jerusalem; for whereas a famine did oppress them at that time, and many people died for want of what was necessary to procure food withal, queen Helena sent some of her servants to Alexandria with money to buy a great quantity of corn, and others of them to Cyprus, to bring a cargo of dried figs. 20.52 And as soon as they were come back, and had brought those provisions, which was done very quickly, she distributed food to those that were in want of it, and left a most excellent memorial behind her of this benefaction, which she bestowed on our whole nation. 20.53 And when her son Izates was informed of this famine, he sent great sums of money to the principal men in Jerusalem. However, what favors this queen and king conferred upon our city Jerusalem shall be further related hereafter. 20.54 1. But now Artabanus, king of the Parthians perceiving that the governors of the provinces had framed a plot against him, did not think it safe for him to continue among them; but resolved to go to Izates, in hopes of finding some way for his preservation by his means, and, if possible, for his return to his own dominions. 20.55 So he came to Izates, and brought a thousand of his kindred and servants with him, and met him upon the road, 20.56 while he well knew Izates, but Izates did not know him. When Artabanus stood near him, and, in the first place, worshipped him, according to the custom, he then said to him, “O king! do not thou overlook me thy servant, nor do thou proudly reject the suit I make thee; for as I am reduced to a low estate, by the change of fortune, and of a king am become a private man, I stand in need of thy assistance. 20.57 Have regard, therefore, unto the uncertainty of fortune, and esteem the care thou shalt take of me to be taken of thyself also; for if I be neglected, and my subjects go off unpunished, many other subjects will become the more insolent towards other kings also.” 20.58 And this speech Artabanus made with tears in his eyes, and with a dejected countece. Now as soon as Izates heard Artabanus’s name, and saw him stand as a supplicant before him, he leaped down from his horse immediately, 20.59 and said to him, “Take courage, O king! nor be disturbed at thy present calamity, as if it were incurable; for the change of thy sad condition shall be sudden; for thou shalt find me to be more thy friend and thy assistant than thy hopes can promise thee; for I will either re-establish thee in the kingdom of Parthia, or lose my own.”
20.61 So he complied with his desire, and leaped upon his horse; and when he had brought him to his royal palace, he showed him all sorts of respect when they sat together, and he gave him the upper place at festivals also, as regarding not his present fortune, but his former dignity, and that upon this consideration also, that the changes of fortune are common to all men. 20.62 He also wrote to the Parthians, to persuade them to receive Artabanus again; and gave them his right hand and his faith, that he should forget what was past and done, and that he would undertake for this as a mediator between them. 20.63 Now the Parthians did not themselves refuse to receive him again, but pleaded that it was not now in their power so to do, because they had committed the government to another person, who had accepted of it, and whose name was Cinnamus; and that they were afraid lest a civil war should arise on this account. 20.64 When Cinnamus understood their intentions, he wrote to Artabanus himself, for he had been brought up by him, and was of a nature good and gentle also, and desired him to put confidence in him, and to come and take his own dominions again. 20.65 Accordingly, Artabanus trusted him, and returned home; when Cinnamus met him, worshipped him, and saluted him as a king, and took the diadem off his own head, and put it on the head of Artabanus. 20.66 3. And thus was Artahanus restored to his kingdom again by the means of Izates, when he had lost it by the means of the grandees of the kingdom. Nor was he unmindful of the benefits he had conferred upon him, but rewarded him with such honors as were of the greatest esteem among them; 20.67 for he gave him leave to wear his tiara upright, and to sleep upon a golden bed, which are privileges and marks of honor peculiar to the kings of Parthia. 20.68 He also cut off a large and fruitful country from the king of Armenia, and bestowed it upon him. The name of the country is Nisibis, wherein the Macedonians had formerly built that city which they called Antioch of Mygodonla. And these were the honors that were paid Izates by the king of the Parthians. 20.69 4. But in no long time Artabanus died, and left his kingdom to his son Bardanes. Now this Bardanes came to Izates, and would have persuaded him to join him with his army, and to assist him in the war he was preparing to make with the Romans;
20.71 and having besides sent his sons, five in number, and they but young also, to learn accurately the language of our nation, together with our learning, as well as he had sent his mother to worship at our temple, as I have said already, was the more backward to a compliance; and restrained Bardanes, telling him perpetually of the great armies and famous actions of the Romans, and thought thereby to terrify him, and desired thereby to hinder him from that expedition. 20.72 But the Parthian king was provoked at this his behavior, and denounced war immediately against Izates. Yet did he gain no advantage by this war, because God cut off all his hopes therein; 20.73 for the Parthians perceiving Bardanes’s intentions, and how he had determined to make war with the Romans, slew him, and gave his kingdom to his brother Gotarzes. 20.74 He also, in no long time, perished by a plot made against him, and Vologases, his brother, succeeded him, who committed two of his provinces to two of his brothers by the same father; that of the Medes to the elder, Pacorus; and Armenia to the younger, Tiridates. 20.75 1. Now when the king’s brother, Monobazus, and his other kindred, saw how Izates, by his piety to God, was become greatly esteemed by all men, they also had a desire to leave the religion of their country, and to embrace the customs of the Jews; 20.76 but that act of theirs was discovered by Izates’s subjects. Whereupon the grandees were much displeased, and could not contain their anger at them; but had an intention, when they should find a proper opportunity, to inflict a punishment upon them. 20.77 Accordingly, they wrote to Abia, king of the Arabians, and promised him great sums of money, if he would make an expedition against their king; and they further promised him, that, on the first onset, they would desert their king, because they were desirous to punish him, by reason of the hatred he had to their religious worship; then they obliged themselves, by oaths, to be faithful to each other, and desired that he would make haste in this design. 20.78 The king of Arabia complied with their desires, and brought a great army into the field, and marched against Izates; and, in the beginning of the first onset, and before they came to a close fight, those Handees, as if they had a panic terror upon them, all deserted Izates, as they had agreed to do, and, turning their backs upon their enemies, ran away. 20.79 Yet was not Izates dismayed at this; but when he understood that the grandees had betrayed him, he also retired into his camp, and made inquiry into the matter; and as soon as he knew who they were that had made this conspiracy with the king of Arabia, he cut off those that were found guilty; and renewing the fight on the next day, he slew the greatest part of his enemies,
20.81 2. But although the grandees of Adiabene had failed in their first attempt, as being delivered up by God into their king’s hands, yet would they not even then be quiet, but wrote again to Vologases, who was then king of Parthia, and desired that he would kill Izates, and set over them some other potentate, who should be of a Parthian family; for they said that they hated their own king for abrogating the laws of their forefathers, and embracing foreign customs. 20.82 When the king of Parthia heard this, he boldly made war upon Izates; and as he had no just pretense for this war, he sent to him, and demanded back those honorable privileges which had been bestowed on him by his father, and threatened, on his refusal, to make war upon him. 20.83 Upon hearing of this, Izates was under no small trouble of mind, as thinking it would be a reproach upon him to appear to resign those privileges that had been bestowed upon him out of cowardice; 20.84 yet because he knew, that though the king of Parthia should receive back those honors, yet would he not be quiet, he resolved to commit himself to God, his Protector, in the present danger he was in of his life; 20.85 and as he esteemed him to be his principal assistant, he intrusted his children and his wives to a very strong fortress, and laid up his corn in his citadels, and set the hay and the grass on fire. And when he had thus put things in order, as well as he could, he awaited the coming of the enemy. 20.86 And when the king of Parthia was come, with a great army of footmen and horsemen, which he did sooner than was expected, (for he marched in great haste,) and had cast up a bank at the river that parted Adiabene from Media,—Izates also pitched his camp not far off, having with him six thousand horsemen. 20.87 But there came a messenger to Izates, sent by the king of Parthia, who told him how large his dominions were, as reaching from the river Euphrates to Bactria, and enumerated that king’s subjects; 20.88 he also threatened him that he should be punished, as a person ungrateful to his lords; and said that the God whom he worshipped could not deliver him out of the king’s hands. 20.89 When the messenger had delivered this his message, Izates replied that he knew the king of Parthia’s power was much greater than his own; but that he knew also that God was much more powerful than all men. And when he had returned him this answer, he betook himself to make supplication to God, and threw himself upon the ground, and put ashes upon his head, in testimony of his confusion, and fasted, together with his wives and children. Then he called upon God, and said,
20.91 Thus did he lament and bemoan himself, with tears in his eyes; whereupon God heard his prayer. And immediately that very night Vologases received letters, the contents of which were these, that a great band of Dahe and Sacse, despising him, now he was gone so long a journey from home, had made an expedition, and laid Parthia waste; so that he was forced to retire back, without doing any thing. And thus it was that Izates escaped the threatenings of the Parthians, by the providence of God. 20.92 3. It was not long ere Izates died, when he had completed fifty-five years of his life, and had ruled his kingdom twenty-four years. He left behind him twenty-four sons and twenty-four daughters. 20.93 However, he gave order that his brother Monobazus should succeed in the government, thereby requiting him, because, while he was himself absent after their father’s death, he had faithfully preserved the government for him. 20.94 But when Helena, his mother, heard of her son’s death, she was in great heaviness, as was but natural, upon her loss of such a most dutiful son; yet was it a comfort to her that she heard the succession came to her eldest son. Accordingly, she went to him in haste; and when she was come into Adiabene, she did not long outlive her son Izates. 20.95 But Monobazus sent her bones, as well as those of Izates, his brother, to Jerusalem, and gave order that they should be buried at the pyramids which their mother had erected; they were three in number, and distant no more than three furlongs from the city Jerusalem. 20.96 But for the actions of Monobazus the king, which he did during the rest of his life, we will relate them hereafter.' ' None
45. Josephus Flavius, Against Apion, 1.31-1.36 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Family • Goliath family

 Found in books: Gordon (2020), Land and Temple: Field Sacralization and the Agrarian Priesthood of Second Temple Judaism, 202; Hachlili (2005), Practices And Rites In The Second Temple Period, 204

sup>
1.31 θεῶν τε ναοὺς καὶ βωμούς, οἷς ἂν περιτύχωσιν, ἀνατρέπειν. συναινεσάντων δὲ τῶν ἄλλων τὰ δοχθέντα ποιοῦντας διὰ τῆς ἐρήμου πορεύεσθαι, ἱκανῶς δὲ ὀχληθέντας ἐλθεῖν εἰς τὴν οἰκουμένην χώραν καὶ τούς τε ἀνθρώπους ὑβρίζοντας καὶ τὰ ἱερὰ συλῶντας καὶ ἐμπρήσαντας ἐλθεῖν εἰς τὴν νῦν ̓Ιουδαίαν προσαγορευομένην, κτίσαντας' "
1.31 τῶν ἱερέων ἄμικτον καὶ καθαρὸν διαμενεῖ προυνόησαν. δεῖ γὰρ τὸν μετέχοντα τῆς ἱερωσύνης ἐξ ὁμοεθνοῦς γυναικὸς παιδοποιεῖσθαι καὶ μὴ πρὸς χρήματα μηδὲ τὰς ἄλλας ἀποβλέπειν τιμὰς, ἀλλὰ τὸ γένος ἐξετάζειν ἐκ τῶν ἀρχαίων λαμβάνοντα τὴν διαδοχὴν 1.32 καὶ πολλοὺς παρεχόμενον μάρτυρας. καὶ ταῦτα πράττομεν οὐ μόνον ἐπ' αὐτῆς ̓Ιουδαίας, ἀλλ' ὅπου ποτὲ σύστημα τοῦ γένους ἐστὶν ἡμῶν κἀκεῖ τὸ ἀκριβὲς ἀποσώζεται τοῖς ἱερεῦσι περὶ τοὺς γάμους:" "1.32 τί οὖν ἐπὶ πλείω τις λέγοι πρὸς τὸν ψευδόμενον οὕτως ἀναισχύντως; ἀλλ' ἐπειδὴ σύμμετρον ἤδη τὸ βιβλίον εἴληφε μέγεθος, ἑτέραν ποιησάμενος ἀρχὴν τὰ λοιπὰ τῶν εἰς τὸ προκείμενον πειράσομαι προσαποδοῦναι." '1.33 λέγω δὲ τοὺς ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ καὶ Βαβυλῶνι καὶ εἴ που τῆς ἄλλης οἰκουμένης τοῦ γένους τῶν ἱερέων εἰσί τινες διεσπαρμένοι: πέμπουσι γὰρ εἰς ̔Ιεροσόλυμα συγγράψαντες πατρόθεν τοὔνομα τῆς τε γαμετῆς' "1.34 καὶ τῶν ἐπάνω προγόνων καὶ τίνες οἱ μαρτυροῦντες. πόλεμος δ' εἰ κατάσχοι, καθάπερ ἤδη γέγονεν πολλάκις ̓Αντιόχου τε τοῦ ̓Επιφανοῦς εἰς τὴν χώραν ἐμβαλόντος καὶ Πομπηίου Μάγνου καὶ Κυντιλίου" "1.35 Οὐάρου μάλιστα δὲ καὶ ἐν τοῖς καθ' ἡμᾶς χρόνοις, οἱ περιλειπόμενοι τῶν ἱερέων καινὰ πάλιν ἐκ τῶν ἀρχαίων γραμμάτων συνίστανται καὶ δοκιμάζουσι τὰς ὑπολειφθείσας γυναῖκας. οὐ γὰρ ἐπὶ τὰς αἰχμαλώτους γενομένας προσίενται πολλάκις γεγονυιῶν" "1.36 αὐταῖς τὴν πρὸς ἀλλόφυλον κοινωνίαν ὑφορώμενοι. τεκμήριον δὲ μέγιστον τῆς ἀκριβείας: οἱ γὰρ ἀρχιερεῖς οἱ παρ' ἡμῖν ἀπὸ δισχιλίων ἐτῶν ὀνομαστοὶ παῖδες ἐκ πατρὸς εἰσὶν ἐν ταῖς ἀναγραφαῖς. τοῖς δὲ τῶν εἰρημένων ὁτιοῦν γένοιτο εἰς παράβασιν ἀπηγόρευται μήτε τοῖς βωμοῖς παρίστασθαι μήτε μετέχειν τῆς ἄλλης ἁγιστείας."' None		sup>
1.31 for he who is partaker of the priesthood must propagate of a wife of the same nation, without having any regard to money, or any other dignities; but he is to make a scrutiny, and take his wife’s genealogy from the ancient tables, and procure many witnesses to it;
1.31 that the rest commended what he had said with one consent, and did what they had resolved on, and so travelled over the desert. But that the difficulties of the journey being over, they came to a country inhabited, and that there they abused the men, and plundered and burnt their temples, and then came into that land which is called Judea, and there they built a city, and dwelt therein, 1.32 But why should a man say any more to a person who tells such impudent lies! However, since this book is arisen to a competent length, I will make another beginning, and endeavor to add what still remains to perfect my design in the following book. 1.32 and this is our practice not only in Judea, but wheresoever any body of men of our nation do live; and even there, an exact catalogue of our priests’ marriages is kept; 1.33 I mean at Egypt and at Babylon, or in any other place of the rest of the habitable earth, whithersoever our priests are scattered; for they send to Jerusalem the ancient names of their parents in writing, as well as those of their remoter ancestors, and signify who are the witnesses also; 1.34 but if any war falls out, such as have fallen out, a great many of them already, when Antiochus Epiphanes made an invasion upon our country, as also when Pompey the Great and Quintilius Varus did so also, and principally in the wars that have happened in our own times, 1.35 those priests that survive them compose new tables of genealogy out of the old records, and examine the circumstances of the women that remain; for still they do not admit of those that have been captives, as suspecting that they had conversation with some foreigners; 1.36 but what is the strongest argument of our exact management in this matter is what I am now going to say, that we have the names of our high priests, from father to son, set down in our records, for the interval of two thousand years; and if any one of these have been transgressors of these rules, they are prohibited to present themselves at the altar, or to be partakers of any other of our purifications; '' None
46. New Testament, 1 Corinthians, 4.15-4.16, 7.13-7.15, 12.13 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Family • Rome, family values • family • family and kinship • family and kinship, attitude of Christian women to family • family and kinship, fictive kin andthe Jesus group • family and kinship, fictive kinship • letter, familial

 Found in books: Esler (2000), The Early Christian World, 59, 392, 435; Lieu (2004), Christian Identity in the Jewish and Graeco-Roman World, 131, 166; Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 319; Penniman (2017), Raised on Christian Milk: Food and the Formation of the Soul in Early Christianity, 75; Weissenrieder (2016), Borders: Terminologies, Ideologies, and Performances 3, 80

sup>
4.15 ἐὰν γὰρ μυρίους παιδαγωγοὺς ἔχητε ἐν Χριστῷ, ἀλλʼ οὐ πολλοὺς πατέρας, ἐν γὰρ Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ διὰ τοῦ εὐαγγελίου ἐγὼ ὑμᾶς ἐγέννησα. 4.16 παρακαλῶ οὖν ὑμᾶς, μιμηταί μου γίνεσθε.
7.13 καὶ γυνὴ ἥτις ἔχει ἄνδρα ἄπιστον, καὶ οὗτος συνευδοκεῖ οἰκεῖν μετʼ αὐτῆς, μὴ ἀφιέτω τὸν ἄνδρα. 7.14 ἡγίασται γὰρ ὁ ἀνὴρ ὁ ἄπιστος ἐν τῇ γυναικί, καὶ ἡγίασται ἡ γυνὴ ἡ ἄπιστος ἐν τῷ ἀδελφῷ· ἐπεὶ ἄρα τὰ τέκνα ὑμῶν ἀκάθαρτά ἐστιν, νῦν δὲ ἅγιά ἐστιν. 7.15 εἰ δὲ ὁ ἄπιστος χωρίζεται, χωριζέσθω· οὐ δεδούλωται ὁ ἀδελφὸς ἢ ἡ ἀδελφὴ ἐν τοῖς τοιούτοις, ἐν δὲ εἰρήνῃ κέκληκεν ὑμᾶς ὁ θεός.
12.13 καὶ γὰρ ἐν ἑνὶ πνεύματι ἡμεῖς πάντες εἰς ἓν σῶμα ἐβαπτίσθημεν, εἴτε Ἰουδαῖοι εἴτε Ἕλληνες, εἴτε δοῦλοι εἴτε ἐλεύθεροι, καὶ πάντες ἓν πνεῦμα ἐποτίσθημεν.' ' None		sup>
4.15 For though you have ten thousand tutors in Christ, yetnot many fathers. For in Christ Jesus, I became your father through thegospel. 4.16 I beg you therefore, be imitators of me.
7.13 The woman who has an unbelieving husband, and he iscontent to live with her, let her not leave her husband. 7.14 For theunbelieving husband is sanctified in the wife, and the unbelieving wifeis sanctified in the husband. Otherwise your children would be unclean,but now are they holy. 7.15 Yet if the unbeliever departs, let therebe separation. The brother or the sister is not under bondage in suchcases, but God has called us in peace.
12.13 For in one Spirit we were all baptized into one body, whetherJews or Greeks, whether bond or free; and were all given to drink intoone Spirit.' ' None
47. New Testament, 1 Thessalonians, 1.9-1.10, 2.16, 5.3-5.9, 5.23 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Family • codes, family, sexuality, masculinity/feminity • event, family • family • family, Christians as • family, household • family, of God

 Found in books: Cadwallader (2016), Stones, Bones and the Sacred: Essays on Material Culture and Religion in Honor of Dennis E, 252; Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 171, 314, 321, 322; Rothschold, Blanton and Calhoun (2014), The History of Religions School Today : Essays on the New Testament and Related Ancient Mediterranean Texts 19, 192; Rüpke and Woolf (2013), Religious Dimensions of the Self in the Second Century CE. 76; Weissenrieder (2016), Borders: Terminologies, Ideologies, and Performances 80

sup>
1.9 αὐτοὶ γὰρ περὶ ἡμῶν ἀπαγγέλλουσιν ὁποίαν εἴσοδον ἔσχομεν πρὸς ὑμᾶς, καὶ πῶς ἐπεστρέψατε πρὸς τὸν θεὸν ἀπὸ τῶν εἰδώλων δουλεύειν θεῷ ζῶντι καὶ ἀληθινῷ, 1.10 καὶ ἀναμένειν τὸν υἱὸν αὐτοῦ ἐκ τῶν οὐρανῶν, ὃν ἤγειρεν ἐκ τῶν νεκρῶν, Ἰησοῦν τὸν ῥυόμενον ἡμᾶς ἐκ τῆς ὀργῆς τῆς ἐρχομένης.
2.16 κωλυόντων ἡμᾶς τοῖς ἔθνεσιν λαλῆσαι ἵνα σωθῶσιν, εἰς τὸἀναπληρῶσαιαὐτῶντὰς ἁμαρτίαςπάντοτε. ἔφθασεν δὲ ἐπʼ αὐτοὺς ἡ ὀργὴ εἰς τέλος.
5.3 ὅταν λέγωσιν Εἰρήνη καὶ ἀσφάλεια, τότε αἰφνίδιος αὐτοῖς ἐπίσταται ὄλεθρος ὥσπερ ἡ ὠδὶν τῇ ἐν γαστρὶ ἐχούσῃ, καὶ οὐ μὴ ἐκφύγωσιν. 5.4 ὑμεῖς δέ, ἀδελ φοί, οὐκ ἐστὲ ἐν σκότει, ἵνα ἡ ἡμέρα ὑμᾶς ὡς κλέπτας καταλάβῃ, 5.5 πάντες γὰρ ὑμεῖς υἱοὶ φωτός ἐστε καὶ υἱοὶ ἡμέρας. Οὐκ ἐσμὲν νυκτὸς οὐδὲ σκότους· 5.6 ἄρα οὖν μὴ καθεύδωμεν ὡς οἱ λοιποί, ἀλλὰ γρηγορῶμεν καὶ νήφωμεν. 5.7 οἱ γὰρ καθεύδοντες νυκτὸς καθεύδουσιν, καὶ οἱ μεθυσκόμενοι νυκτὸς μεθύουσιν· 5.8 ἡμεῖς δὲ ἡμέρας ὄντες νήφωμεν,ἐνδυσάμενοι θώρακαπίστεως καὶ ἀγάπης καὶπερικε φαλαίανἐλπίδασωτηρίας· 5.9 ὅτι οὐκ ἔθετο ἡμᾶς ὁ θεὸς εἰς ὀργὴν ἀλλὰ εἰς περιποίησιν σωτηρίας διὰ τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ,
5.23 Αὐτὸς δὲ ὁ θεὸς τῆς εἰρήνης ἁγιάσαι ὑμᾶς ὁλοτελεῖς, καὶ ὁλόκληρον ὑμῶν τὸ πνεῦμα καὶ ἡ ψυχὴ καὶ τὸ σῶμα ἀμέμπτως ἐν τῇ παρουσίᾳ τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ τηρηθείη.'' None		sup>
1.9 For they themselves report concerning us what kind of a reception we had from you; and how you turned to God from idols, to serve a living and true God, 1.10 and to wait for his Son from heaven, whom he raised from the dead -- Jesus, who delivers us from the wrath to come.
2.16 forbidding us to speak to the Gentiles that they may be saved; to fill up their sins always. But wrath has come on them to the uttermost.
5.3 For when they are saying, "Peace and safety," then sudden destruction will come on them, like birth pains on a pregt woman; and they will in no way escape. ' "5.4 But you, brothers, aren't in darkness, that the day should overtake you like a thief. " "5.5 You are all sons of light, and sons of the day. We don't belong to the night, nor to darkness, " "5.6 so then let's not sleep, as the rest do, but let's watch and be sober. " '5.7 For those who sleep, sleep in the night, and those who are drunken are drunken in the night. 5.8 But let us, since we belong to the day, be sober, putting on the breastplate of faith and love, and, for a helmet, the hope of salvation. ' "5.9 For God didn't appoint us to wrath, but to the obtaining of salvation through our Lord Jesus Christ, " 5.23 May the God of peace himself sanctify you completely. May your whole spirit, soul, and body be preserved blameless at the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ. '' None
48. New Testament, 1 Timothy, 2.9, 3.2-3.5, 5.3-5.16 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Family, ideal relationships • codes, family, sexuality, effeminacy • codes, family, sexuality, masculinity/feminity • family • family structure • family, divinity as father • family, household

 Found in books: Cadwallader (2016), Stones, Bones and the Sacred: Essays on Material Culture and Religion in Honor of Dennis E, 27; Gray (2021), Gregory of Nyssa as Biographer: Weaving Lives for Virtuous Readers, 99; Gunderson (2022), The Social Worlds of Ancient Jews and Christians: Essays in Honor of L. Michael White, 131; Lieu (2004), Christian Identity in the Jewish and Graeco-Roman World, 166; Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 494, 561, 570; Rüpke and Woolf (2013), Religious Dimensions of the Self in the Second Century CE. 76, 81

sup>
2.9 Ὡσαύτως γυναῖκας ἐν καταστολῇ κοσμίῳ μετὰ αἰδοῦς καὶ σωφροσύνης κοσμεῖν ἑαυτάς, μὴ ἐν πλέγμασιν καὶ χρυσίῳ ἢ μαργαρίταις ἢ ἱματισμῷ πολυτελεῖ,
3.2 δεῖ οὖν τὸν ἐπίσκοπον ἀνεπίλημπτον εἶναι, μιᾶς γυναικὸς ἄνδρα, νηφάλιον, σώφρονα, κόσμιον, φιλόξενον, διδακτικόν, 3.3 μὴ πάροινον, μὴ πλήκτην, ἀλλὰ ἐπιεικῆ, ἄμαχον, ἀφιλάργυρον, 3.4 τοῦ ἰδίου οἴκου καλῶς προϊστάμενον, τέκνα ἔχοντα ἐν ὑποταγῇ μετὰ πάσης σεμνότητος·?̔ 3.5 εἰ δέ τις τοῦ ἰδίου οἴκου προστῆναι οὐκ οἶδεν, πῶς ἐκκλησίας θεοῦ ἐπιμελήσεται;̓
5.3 Χήρας τίμα τὰς ὄντως χήρας. 5.4 εἰ δέ τις χήρα τέκνα ἢ ἔκγονα ἔχει, μανθανέτωσαν πρῶτον τὸν ἴδιον οἶκον εὐσεβεῖν καὶ ἀμοιβὰς ἀποδιδόναι τοῖς προγόνοις, τοῦτο γάρ ἐστιν ἀπόδεκτον ἐνώπιον τοῦ θεοῦ. 5.5 ἡ δὲ ὄντως χήρα καὶ μεμονωμένηἤλπικεν ἐπὶ τὸν θεὸνκαὶ προσμένει ταῖς δεήσεσιν καὶ ταῖς προσευχαῖς νυκτὸς καὶ ἡμέρας· 5.6 ἡ δὲ σπαταλῶσα ζῶσα τέθνηκεν. 5.7 καὶ ταῦτα παράγγελλε, ἵνα ἀνεπίλημπτοι ὦσιν· 5.8 εἰ δέ τις τῶν ἰδίων καὶ μάλιστα οἰκείων οὐ προνοεῖ, τὴν πίστιν ἤρνηται καὶ ἔστιν ἀπίστου χείρων. 5.9 Χήρα καταλεγέσθω μὴ ἔλαττον ἐτῶν ἑξήκοντα γεγονυῖα, ἑνὸς ἀνδρὸς γυνή, 5.10 ἐν ἔργοις καλοῖς μαρτυρουμένη, εἰ ἐτεκνοτρόφησεν, εἰ ἐξενοδόχησεν, εἰ ἁγίων πόδας ἔνιψεν, εἰ θλιβομένοις ἐπήρκεσεν, εἰ παντὶ ἔργῳ ἀγαθῷ ἐπηκολούθησεν. 5.11 νεωτέρας δὲ χήρας παραιτοῦ· ὅταν γὰρ καταστρηνιάσωσιν τοῦ χριστοῦ, γαμεῖν θέλουσιν, 5.12 ἔχουσαι κρίμα ὅτι τὴν πρώτην πίστιν ἠθέτησαν· 5.13 ἅμα δὲ καὶ ἀργαὶ μανθάνουσιν, περιερχόμεναι τὰς οἰκίας, οὐ μόνον δὲ ἀργαὶ ἀλλὰ καὶ φλύαροι καὶ περίεργοι, λαλοῦσαι τὰ μὴ δέοντα. 5.14 βούλομαι οὖν νεῶτέρας γαμεῖν, τεκνογονεῖν, οἰκοδεσποτεῖν, μηδεμίαν ἀφορμὴν διδόναι τῷ ἀντικειμένῳ λοιδορίας χάριν· 5.15 ἤδη γάρ τινες ἐξετράπησαν ὀπίσω τοῦ Σατανᾶ. 5.16 εἴ τις πιστὴ ἔχει χήρας, ἐπαρκείτω αὐταῖς, καὶ μὴ βαρείσθω ἡ ἐκκλησία, ἵνα ταῖς ὄντως χήραις ἐπαρκέσῃ.'' None		sup>
2.9 In the same way, that women also adorn themselves in decent clothing, with modesty and propriety; not just with braided hair, gold, pearls, or expensive clothing;
3.2 The overseer therefore must be without reproach, the husband of one wife, temperate, sensible, modest, hospitable, good at teaching; 3.3 not a drinker, not violent, not greedy for money, but gentle, not quarrelsome, not covetous; 3.4 one who rules his own house well, having children in subjection with all reverence; ' "3.5 (but if a man doesn't know how to rule his own house, how will he take care of the assembly of God?) " 5.3 Honor widows who are widows indeed. 5.4 But if any widow has children or grandchildren, let them learn first to show piety towards their own family, and to repay their parents, for this is acceptable in the sight of God. 5.5 Now she who is a widow indeed, and desolate, has her hope set on God, and continues in petitions and prayers night and day. 5.6 But she who gives herself to pleasure is dead while she lives. 5.7 Also command these things, that they may be without reproach. ' "5.8 But if anyone doesn't provide for his own, and especially his own household, he has denied the faith, and is worse than an unbeliever. " '5.9 Let no one be enrolled as a widow under sixty years old, having been the wife of one man, ' "5.10 being approved by good works, if she has brought up children, if she has been hospitable to strangers, if she has washed the saints' feet, if she has relieved the afflicted, and if she has diligently followed every good work. " '5.11 But refuse younger widows, for when they have grown wanton against Christ, they desire to marry; 5.12 having condemnation, because they have rejected their first pledge. 5.13 Besides, they also learn to be idle, going about from house to house. Not only idle, but also gossips and busybodies, saying things which they ought not. 5.14 I desire therefore that the younger widows marry, bear children, rule the household, and give no occasion to the adversary for reviling. 5.15 For already some have turned aside after Satan. ' "5.16 If any man or woman who believes has widows, let them relieve them, and don't let the assembly be burdened; that it might relieve those who are widows indeed. "' None
49. New Testament, Acts, 2.16-2.20, 13.14, 19.24-19.27, 19.31 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Adiabene, Conversion of royal family of Adiabene • Eupolemus, Accos priestly family • Family • Vettenos, Theodotos family • family • family and kinship, fictive kin andthe Jesus group • family, graves • family, office holding

 Found in books: Breytenbach and Tzavella (2022), Early Christianity in Athens, Attica, and Adjacent Areas, 322; Esler (2000), The Early Christian World, 381; Goodman (2006), Judaism in the Roman World: Collected Essays, 150; Gunderson (2022), The Social Worlds of Ancient Jews and Christians: Essays in Honor of L. Michael White, 248; Levine (2005), The Ancient Synagogue, The First Thousand Years, 149; Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 419; Piovanelli, Burke, Pettipiece (2015), Rediscovering the Apocryphal Continent : New Perspectives on Early Christian and Late Antique Apocryphal Textsand Traditions. De Gruyter: 2015 228; Potter Suh and Holladay (2021), Hellenistic Jewish Literature and the New Testament: Collected Essays, 123; Stuckenbruck (2007), 1 Enoch 91-108, 160

sup>
2.16 ἀλλὰ τοῦτό ἐστιν τὸ εἰρημένον διὰ τοῦ προφήτου Ἰωήλ 2.17 2.19
13.14 Αὐτοὶ δὲ διελθόντες ἀπὸ τῆς Πέργης παρεγένοντο εἰς Ἀντιόχειαν τὴν Πισιδίαν, καὶ ἐλθόντες εἰς τὴν συναγωγὴν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῶν σαββάτων ἐκάθισαν.
19.24 Δημήτριος γάρ τις ὀνόματι, ἀργυροκόπος, ποιῶν ναοὺς ἀργυροῦς Ἀρτέμιδος παρείχετο τοῖς τεχνίταις οὐκ ὀλίγην ἐργασίαν, 19.25 οὓς συναθροίσας καὶ τοὺς περὶ τὰ τοιαῦτα ἐργάτας εἶπεν Ἄνδρες, ἐπίστασθε ὅτι ἐκ ταύτης τῆς ἐργασίας ἡ εὐπορία ἡμῖν ἐστίν, 19.26 καὶ θεωρεῖτε καὶ ἀκούετε ὅτι οὐ μόνον Ἐφέσου ἀλλὰ σχεδὸν πάσης τῆς Ἀσίας ὁ Παῦλος οὗτος πείσας μετέστησεν ἱκανὸν ὄχλον, λέγων ὅτι οὐκ εἰσὶν θεοὶ οἱ διὰ χειρῶν γινόμενοι. 19.27 οὐ μόνον δὲ τοῦτο κινδυνεύει ἡμῖν τὸ μέρος εἰς ἀπελεγμὸν ἐλθεῖν, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὸ τῆς μεγάλης θεᾶς Ἀρτέμιδος ἱερὸν εἰς οὐθὲν λογισθῆναι, μέλλειν τε καὶ καθαιρεῖσθαι τῆς μεγαλειότητος αὐτῆς, ἣν ὅλη ἡ Ἀσία καὶ ἡ οἰκουμένη σέβεται.
19.31 τινὲς δὲ καὶ τῶν Ἀσιαρχῶν, ὄντες αὐτῷ φίλοι, πέμψαντες πρὸς αὐτὸν παρεκάλουν μὴ δοῦναι ἑαυτὸν εἰς τὸ θέατρον.' ' None		sup>
2.16 But this is what has been spoken through the prophet Joel: ' "2.17 'It will be in the last days, says God, I will pour out my Spirit on all flesh. Your sons and your daughters will prophesy. Your young men will see visions. Your old men will dream dreams. " '2.18 Yes, and on my servants and on my handmaidens in those days, I will pour out my Spirit, and they will prophesy. 2.19 I will show wonders in the the sky above, And signs on the earth beneath; Blood, and fire, and billows of smoke. 2.20 The sun will be turned into darkness, And the moon into blood, Before the great and glorious day of the Lord comes.
13.14 But they, passing through from Perga, came to Antioch of Pisidia. They went into the synagogue on the Sabbath day, and sat down.
19.24 For a certain man named Demetrius, a silversmith, who made silver shrines of Artemis, brought no little business to the craftsmen, 19.25 whom he gathered together, with the workmen of like occupation, and said, "Sirs, you know that by this business we have our wealth. 19.26 You see and hear, that not at Ephesus alone, but almost throughout all Asia, this Paul has persuaded and turned away many people, saying that they are no gods, that are made with hands. 19.27 Not only is there danger that this our trade come into disrepute, but also that the temple of the great goddess Artemis will be counted as nothing, and her majesty destroyed, whom all Asia and the world worships."
19.31 Certain also of the Asiarchs, being his friends, sent to him and begged him not to venture into the theater. ' ' None
50. New Testament, Colossians, 3.5-3.6, 4.7 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • codes, family, sexuality, depilation • codes, family, sexuality, hair • codes, family, sexuality, jewelry • codes, family, sexuality, masculinity/feminity • epitaphs, family relationships and • family • family structure • family, household • love, familial • unity among Christ-followers, expressed in familial language, in Ephesians

 Found in books: Black, Thomas, and Thompson (2022), Ephesos as a Religious Center under the Principate. 220; Cadwallader (2016), Stones, Bones and the Sacred: Essays on Material Culture and Religion in Honor of Dennis E, 182; Johnson Dupertuis and Shea (2018), Reading and Teaching Ancient Fiction : Jewish, Christian, and Greco-Roman Narratives 14; Rüpke and Woolf (2013), Religious Dimensions of the Self in the Second Century CE. 83

sup>
3.5 Νεκρώσατε οὖν τὰ μέλη τὰ ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, πορνείαν, ἀκαθαρσίαν, πάθος, ἐπιθυμίαν κακήν, καὶ τὴν πλεονεξίαν ἥτις ἐστὶν εἰδωλολατρία, 3.6 διʼ ἃ ἔρχεται ἡ ὀργὴ τοῦ θεοῦ·
4.7 Τὰ κατʼ ἐμὲ πάντα γνωρίσει ὑμῖν Τύχικος ὁ ἀγαπητὸς ἀδελφὸς καὶ πιστὸς διάκονος καὶ σύνδουλος ἐν κυρίῳ,'' None		sup>
3.5 Put to death therefore your members which are on the earth: sexual immorality, uncleanness, depraved passion, evil desire, and covetousness, which is idolatry; ' "3.6 for which things' sake the wrath of God comes on the sons of disobedience. " 4.7 All my affairs will be made known to you by Tychicus, the beloved brother, faithful servant, and fellow bondservant in the Lord. '' None
51. New Testament, Ephesians, 1.2-1.14, 2.3, 2.12, 2.16, 2.18-2.19, 3.6, 3.14, 4.6, 5.1, 5.20, 5.23-5.33, 6.23 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Family • Rome, family • Rome, family values • adoption in Roman society preservation of family lines through • codes, family, sexuality, effeminacy • codes, family, sexuality, masculinity/feminity • family • family, divinity as father • family, household • unity among Christ-followers, expressed in familial language, in Ephesians

 Found in books: Albrecht (2014), The Divine Father: Religious and Philosophical Concepts of Divine Parenthood in Antiquity, 327; Black, Thomas, and Thompson (2022), Ephesos as a Religious Center under the Principate. 205, 212, 213, 214, 215, 218, 219, 220, 223, 224; Lieu (2004), Christian Identity in the Jewish and Graeco-Roman World, 207; Penniman (2017), Raised on Christian Milk: Food and the Formation of the Soul in Early Christianity, 167; Peppard (2011), The Son of God in the Roman World: Divine Sonship in its Social and Political Context, 136; Rüpke and Woolf (2013), Religious Dimensions of the Self in the Second Century CE. 81; Weissenrieder (2016), Borders: Terminologies, Ideologies, and Performances 80, 366

sup>
1.2 χάρις ὑμῖν καὶ εἰρήνη ἀπὸ θεοῦ πατρὸς ἡμῶν καὶ κυρίου Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ. 1.3 Εὐλογητὸς ὁ θεὸς καὶ πατὴρ τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, ὁ εὐλογήσας ἡμᾶς ἐν πάσῃ εὐλογίᾳ πνευματικῇ ἐν τοῖς ἐπουρανίοις ἐν Χριστῷ, 1.4 καθὼς ἐξελέξατο ἡμᾶς ἐν αὐτῷ πρὸ καταβολῆς κόσμου, εἶναι ἡμᾶς ἁγίους καὶ ἀμώμους κατενώπιον αὐτοῦ ἐν ἀγάπῃ, 1.5 προορίσας ἡμᾶς εἰς υἱοθεσίαν διὰ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ εἰς αὐτόν, κατὰ τὴν εὐδοκίαν τοῦ θελήματος αὐτοῦ, 1.6 εἰς ἔπαινον δόξης τῆς χάριτος αὐτοῦ ἧς ἐχαρίτωσεν ἡμᾶς ἐν τῷ ἠγαπημένῳ, 1.7 ἐν ᾧ ἔχομεν τὴν ἀπολύτρωσιν διὰ τοῦ αἵματος αὐτοῦ, τὴν ἄφεσιν τῶν παραπτωμάτων, 1.8 κατὰ τὸ πλοῦτος τῆς χάριτος αὐτοῦ 1.9 ἧς ἐπερίσσευσεν εἰς ἡμᾶς ἐν πάσῃ σοφίᾳ καὶ φρονήσει γνωρίσας ἡμῖν τὸ μυστήριον τοῦ θελήματος αὐτοῦ, κατὰ τὴν εὐδοκίαν αὐτοῦ ἣν προέθετο ἐν αὐτῷ 1.10 εἰς οἰκονομίαν τοῦ πληρώματος τῶν καιρῶν, ἀνακεφαλαιώσασθαι τὰ πάντα ἐν τῷ χριστῷ, τὰ ἐπὶ τοῖς οὐρανοῖς καὶ τὰ ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς· ἐν αὐτῷ, 1.11 ἐν ᾧ καὶ ἐκληρώθημεν προορισθέντες κατὰ πρόθεσιν τοῦ τὰ πάντα ἐνεργοῦντος κατὰ τὴν βουλὴν τοῦ θελήματος αὐτοῦ, 1.12 εἰς τὸ εἶναι ἡμᾶς εἰς ἔπαινον δόξης αὐτοῦ τοὺς προηλπικότας ἐν τῷ χριστῷ· 1.13 ἐν ᾧ καὶ ὑμεῖς ἀκούσαντες τὸν λόγον τῆς ἀληθείας, τὸ εὐαγγέλιον τῆς σωτηρίας ὑμῶν, ἐν ᾧ καὶ πιστεύσαντες, ἐσφραγίσθητε τῷ πνεύματι τῆς ἐπαγγελίας τῷ ἁγίῳ, 1.14 ὅ ἐστιν ἀρραβὼν τῆς κληρονομίας ἡμῶν, εἰς ἀπολύτρωσιν τῆς περιποιήσεως, εἰς ἔπαινον τῆς δόξης αὐτοῦ.
2.3 ἐν οἷς καὶ ἡμεῖς πάντες ἀνεστράφημέν ποτε ἐν ταῖς ἐπιθυμίαις τῆς σαρκὸς ἡμῶν, ποιοῦντες τὰ θελήματα τῆς σαρκὸς καὶ τῶν διανοιῶν, καὶ ἤμεθα τέκνα φύσει ὀργῆς ὡς καὶ οἱ λοιποί·—
2.12 — ὅτι ἦτε τῷ καιρῷ ἐκείνῳ χωρὶς Χριστοῦ, ἀπηλλοτριωμένοι τῆς πολιτείας τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ καὶ ξένοι τῶν διαθηκῶν τῆς ἐπαγγελίας, ἐλπίδα μὴ ἔχοντες καὶ ἄθεοι ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ.
2.16 καὶ ἀποκαταλλάξῃ τοὺς ἀμφοτέρους ἐν ἑνὶ σώματι τῷ θεῷ διὰ τοῦ σταυροῦ ἀποκτείνας τὴν ἔχθραν ἐν αὐτῷ·
2.18 ὅτι διʼ αὐτοῦ ἔχομεν τὴν προσαγωγὴν οἱ ἀμφότεροι ἐν ἑνὶ πνεύματι πρὸς τὸν πατέρα. 2.19 Ἄρα οὖν οὐκέτι ἐστὲ ξένοι καὶ πάροικοι, ἀλλὰ ἐστὲ συνπολῖται τῶν ἁγίων καὶ οἰκεῖοι τοῦ θεοῦ,
3.6 εἶναι τὰ ἔθνη συνκληρονόμα καὶ σύνσωμα καὶ συνμέτοχα τῆς ἐπαγγελίας ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ διὰ τοῦ εὐαγγελίου,
3.14 Τούτου χάριν κάμπτω τὰ γόνατά μου πρὸς τὸν πατέρα,
4.6 ὁ ἐπὶ πάντων καὶ διὰ πάντων καὶ ἐν πᾶσιν.
5.1 γίνεσθε οὖν μιμηταὶ τοῦ θεοῦ, ὡς τέκνα ἀγαπητά, καὶ περιπατεῖτε ἐν ἀγάπῃ,
5.20 εὐχαριστοῦντες πάντοτε ὑπὲρ πάντων ἐν ὀνόματι τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ τῷ θεῷ καὶ πατρί,
5.23 ὅτι ἀνήρ ἐστιν κεφαλὴ τῆς γυναικὸς ὡς καὶ ὁ χριστὸς κεφαλὴ τῆς ἐκκλησίας, αὐτὸς σωτὴρ τοῦ σώματος. 5.24 ἀλλὰ ὡς ἡ ἐκκλησία ὑποτάσσεται τῷ χριστῷ, οὕτως καὶ αἱ γυναῖκες τοῖς ἀνδράσιν ἐν παντί. 5.25 Οἱ ἄνδρες, ἀγαπᾶτε τὰς γυναῖκας, καθὼς καὶ ὁ χριστὸς ἠγάπησεν τὴν ἐκκλησίαν καὶ ἑαυτὸν παρέδωκεν ὑπὲρ αὐτῆς, 5.26 ἵνα αὐτὴν ἁγιάσῃ καθαρίσας τῷ λουτρῷ τοῦ ὕδατος ἐν ῥήματι, 5.27 ἵνα παραστήσῃ αὐτὸς ἑαυτῷ ἔνδοξον τὴν ἐκκλησίαν, μὴ ἔχουσαν σπίλον ἢ ῥυτίδα ἤ τι τῶν τοιούτων, ἀλλʼ ἵνα ᾖ ἁγία καὶ ἄμωμος. 5.28 οὕτως ὀφείλουσιν καὶ οἱ ἄνδρες ἀγαπᾷν τὰς ἑαυτῶν γυναῖκας ὡς τὰ ἑαυτῶν σώματα· ὁ ἀγαπῶν τὴν ἑαυτοῦ γυναῖκα ἑαυτὸν ἀγαπᾷ, 5.29 οὐδεὶς γάρ ποτε τὴν ἑαυτοῦ σάρκα ἐμίσησεν, ἀλλὰ ἐκτρέφει καὶ θάλπει αὐτήν, καθὼς καὶ ὁ χριστὸς τὴν ἐκκλησίαν, 5.30 ὅτι μέλη ἐσμὲν τοῦ σώματος αὐτοῦ. 5.31 ἀντὶ τούτου καταλείψει ἄνθρωπος τὸν πατέρα καὶ τὴν μητέρα καὶ προσκολληθήσεται πρὸς τὴν γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἔσονται οἱ δύο εἰς σάρκα μίαν. 5.32 τὸ μυστήριον τοῦτο μέγα ἐστίν, ἐγὼ δὲ λέγω εἰς Χριστὸν καὶ εἰς τὴν ἐκκλησίαν. 5.33 πλὴν καὶ ὑμεῖς οἱ καθʼ ἕνα ἕκαστος τὴν ἑαυτοῦ γυναῖκα οὕτως ἀγαπάτω ὡς ἑαυτόν, ἡ δὲ γυνὴ ἵνα φοβῆται τὸν ἄνδρα.
6.23 Εἰρήνη τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς καὶ ἀγάπη μετὰ πίστεως ἀπὸ θεοῦ πατρὸς καὶ κυρίου Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ.'' None		sup>
1.2 Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ. 1.3 Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who has blessed us with every spiritual blessing in the heavenly places in Christ; 1.4 even as he chose us in him before the foundation of the world, that we would be holy and without blemish before him in love; 1.5 having predestined us for adoption as sons through Jesus Christ to himself, according to the good pleasure of his desire, 1.6 to the praise of the glory of his grace, by which he freely bestowed favor on us in the Beloved, 1.7 in whom we have our redemption through his blood, the forgiveness of our trespasses, according to the riches of his grace, 1.8 which he made to abound toward us in all wisdom and prudence, 1.9 making known to us the mystery of his will, according to his good pleasure which he purposed in him 1.10 to an administration of the fullness of the times, to sum up all things in Christ, the things in the heavens, and the things on the earth, in him; 1.11 in whom also we were assigned an inheritance, having been foreordained according to the purpose of him who works all things after the counsel of his will; 1.12 to the end that we should be to the praise of his glory, we who had before hoped in Christ: 1.13 in whom you also, having heard the word of the truth, the gospel of your salvation, -- in whom, having also believed, you were sealed with the Holy Spirit of promise, ' "1.14 who is a pledge of our inheritance, to the redemption of God's own possession, to the praise of his glory. " 2.3 among whom we also all once lived in the lust of our flesh, doing the desires of the flesh and of the mind, and were by nature children of wrath, even as the rest.
2.12 that you were at that time separate from Christ, alienated from the commonwealth of Israel, and strangers from the covets of the promise, having no hope and without God in the world.
2.16 and might reconcile them both in one body to God through the cross, having killed the hostility thereby.
2.18 For through him we both have our access in one Spirit to the Father. 2.19 So then you are no longer strangers and sojourners, but you are fellow citizens with the saints, and of the household of God,
3.6 that the Gentiles are fellow heirs, and fellow members of the body, and fellow partakers of his promise in Christ Jesus through the gospel,
3.14 For this cause, I bow my knees to the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ,
4.6 one God and Father of all, who is over all, and through all, and in us all.
5.1 Be therefore imitators of God, as beloved children.
5.20 giving thanks always concerning all things in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, to God, even the Father;
5.23 For the husband is the head of the wife, and Christ also is the head of the assembly, being himself the savior of the body. 5.24 But as the assembly is subject to Christ, so let the wives also be to their own husbands in everything. 5.25 Husbands, love your wives, even as Christ also loved the assembly, and gave himself up for it; 5.26 that he might sanctify it, having cleansed it by the washing of water with the word, 5.27 that he might present the assembly to himself gloriously, not having spot or wrinkle or any such thing; but that it should be holy and without blemish. 5.28 Even so ought husbands also to love their own wives as their own bodies. He who loves his own wife loves himself. 5.29 For no man ever hated his own flesh; but nourishes and cherishes it, even as the Lord also does the assembly; 5.30 because we are members of his body, of his flesh and bones. 5.31 "For this cause a man will leave his father and mother, and will be joined to his wife. The two will become one flesh." 5.32 This mystery is great, but I speak concerning Christ and of the assembly. 5.33 Nevertheless each of you must also love his own wife even as himself; and let the wife see that she respects her husband.
6.23 Peace be to the brothers, and love with faith, from God the Father and the Lord Jesus Christ. '' None
52. New Testament, Galatians, 3.28, 4.2 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Family • family • family and kinship, attitude of Christian women to family • family, divinity as father • family, slaves • unity among Christ-followers, expressed in familial language, in Ephesians

 Found in books: Black, Thomas, and Thompson (2022), Ephesos as a Religious Center under the Principate. 215; Esler (2000), The Early Christian World, 434; Lieu (2004), Christian Identity in the Jewish and Graeco-Roman World, 131; Rüpke and Woolf (2013), Religious Dimensions of the Self in the Second Century CE. 77; Weissenrieder (2016), Borders: Terminologies, Ideologies, and Performances 366

sup>
3.28 οὐκ ἔνι Ἰουδαῖος οὐδὲ Ἕλλην, οὐκ ἔνι δοῦλος οὐδὲ ἐλεύθερος, οὐκ ἔνι ἄρσεν καὶ θῆλυ· πάντες γὰρ ὑμεῖς εἷς ἐστὲ ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ.
4.2 ἀλλὰ ὑπὸ ἐπιτρόπους ἐστὶ καὶ οἰκονόμους ἄχρι τῆς προθεσμίας τοῦ πατρός.'' None		sup>
3.28 There is neither Jewnor Greek, there is neither slave nor free man, there is neither malenor female; for you are all one in Christ Jesus.
4.2 but isunder guardians and stewards until the day appointed by the father. '' None
53. New Testament, Hebrews, 2.9, 2.14-2.17, 3.4 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Family, of Thaumaturgus • familial • family • family structure • family, graves

 Found in books: Breytenbach and Tzavella (2022), Early Christianity in Athens, Attica, and Adjacent Areas, 323; Cadwallader (2016), Stones, Bones and the Sacred: Essays on Material Culture and Religion in Honor of Dennis E, 27; Gray (2021), Gregory of Nyssa as Biographer: Weaving Lives for Virtuous Readers, 59; Maier and Waldner (2022), Desiring Martyrs: Locating Martyrs in Space and Time, 30, 31

sup>
2.9 τὸν δὲβραχύ τι παρʼ ἀγγέλους ἠλαττωμένονβλέπομεν Ἰησοῦν διὰ τὸ πάθημα τοῦ θανάτουδόξῃ καὶ τιμῇ ἐστεφανωμένον,ὅπως χάριτι θεοῦ ὑπὲρ παντὸς γεύσηται θανάτου.
2.14 ἐπεὶ οὖντὰ παιδίακεκοινώνηκεν αἵματος καὶ σαρκός, καὶ αὐτὸς παραπλησίως μετέσχεν τῶν αὐτῶν, ἵνα διὰ τοῦ θανάτου καταργήσῃ τὸν τὸ κράτος ἔχοντα τοῦ θανάτου, τοῦτʼ ἔστι τὸν διάβολον, 2.15 καὶ ἀπαλλάξῃ τούτους, ὅσοι φόβῳ θανάτου διὰ παντὸς τοῦ ζῇν ἔνοχοι ἦσαν δουλείας. 2.16 οὐ γὰρ δή που ἀγγέλων ἐπιλαμβάνεται, ἀλλὰ σπέρματος Ἀβραὰμ ἐπιλαμβάνεται. 2.17 ὅθεν ὤφειλεν κατὰ πάντατοῖς ἀδελφοῖςὁμοιωθῆναι, ἵνα ἐλεήμων γένηται καὶ πιστὸς ἀρχιερεὺς τὰ πρὸς τὸν θεόν, εἰς τὸ ἱλάσκεσθαι τὰς ἁμαρτίας τοῦ λαοῦ·
3.4 πᾶς γὰρ οἶκος κατασκευάζεται ὑπό τινος, ὁ δὲ πάντα κατασκευάσας θεός.'' None		sup>
2.9 But we see him who has been made a little lower than the angels, Jesus, because of the suffering of death crowned with glory and honor, that by the grace of God he should taste of death for everyone.
2.14 Since then the children have shared in flesh and blood, he also himself in like manner partook of the same, that through death he might bring to nothing him who had the power of death, that is, the devil, 2.15 and might deliver all of them who through fear of death were all their lifetime subject to bondage. 2.16 For most assuredly, not to angels does he give help, but he gives help to the seed of Abraham. 2.17 Therefore he was obligated in all things to be made like his brothers, that he might become a merciful and faithful high priest in things pertaining to God, to make atonement for the sins of the people.
3.4 For every house is built by someone; but he who built all things is God. '' None
54. New Testament, Romans, 8.14-8.21, 8.23, 9.4, 9.6, 9.25, 12.1 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Family • Pauline Epistles family lineage of Jesus • adoption in Roman society preservation of family lines through • family • family ideology as center of Roman life • family, of God • νοῦς (lexeme family), in Romans

 Found in books: Dürr (2022), Paul on the Human Vocation: Reason Language in Romans and Ancient Philosophical Tradition, 264, 265; Gunderson (2022), The Social Worlds of Ancient Jews and Christians: Essays in Honor of L. Michael White, 5, 86, 97; Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 315; Peppard (2011), The Son of God in the Roman World: Divine Sonship in its Social and Political Context, 136, 138; Weissenrieder (2016), Borders: Terminologies, Ideologies, and Performances 80, 366

sup>
8.14 ὅσοι γὰρ πνεύματι θεοῦ ἄγονται, οὗτοι υἱοὶ θεοῦ εἰσίν. 8.15 οὐ γὰρ ἐλάβετε πνεῦμα δουλείας πάλιν εἰς φόβον, ἀλλὰ ἐλάβετε πνεῦμα υἱοθεσίας, ἐν ᾧ κράζομεν 8.16 Ἀββά ὁ πατήρ· αὐτὸ τὸ πνεῦμα συνμαρτυρεῖ τῷ πνεύματι ἡμῶν ὅτι ἐσμὲν τέκνα θεοῦ. 8.17 εἰ δὲ τέκνα, καὶ κληρονόμοι· κληρονόμοι μὲν θεοῦ, συνκληρονόμοι δὲ Χριστοῦ, εἴπερ συνπάσχομεν ἵνα καὶ συνδοξασθῶμεν. 8.18 Λογίζομαι γὰρ ὅτι οὐκ ἄξια τὰ παθήματα τοῦ νῦν καιροῦ πρὸς τὴν μέλλουσαν δόξαν ἀποκαλυφθῆναι εἰς ἡμᾶς. 8.19 ἡ γὰρ ἀποκαραδοκία τῆς κτίσεως τὴν ἀποκάλυψιν τῶν υἱῶν τοῦ θεοῦ ἀπεκδέχεται· 8.20 τῇ γὰρ ματαιότητι ἡ κτίσις ὑπετάγη, οὐχ ἑκοῦσα ἀλλὰ διὰ τὸν ὑποτάξαντα, ἐφʼ ἑλπίδι 8.21 ὅτι καὶ αὐτὴ ἡ κτίσις ἐλευθερωθήσεται ἀπὸ τῆς δουλείας τῆς φθορᾶς εἰς τὴν ἐλευθερίαν τῆς δόξης τῶν τέκνων τοῦ θεοῦ.
8.23 οὐ μόνον δέ, ἀλλὰ καὶ αὐτοὶ τὴν ἀπαρχὴν τοῦ πνεύματος ἔχοντες ἡμεῖς καὶ αὐτοὶ ἐν ἑαυτοῖς στενάζομεν, υἱοθεσίαν ἀπεκδεχόμενοι τὴν ἀπολύτρωσιν τοῦ σώματος ἡμῶν.
9.4 ὧν ἡ υἱοθεσία καὶ ἡ δόξα καὶ αἱ διαθῆκαι καὶ ἡ νομοθεσία καὶ ἡ λατρεία καὶ αἱ ἐπαγγελίαι,
9.6 Οὐχ οἷον δὲ ὅτι ἐκπέπτωκεν ὁ λόγος τοῦ θεοῦ. οὐ γὰρ πάντες οἱ ἐξ Ἰσραήλ, οὗτοι Ἰσραήλ·
9.25 ὡς καὶ ἐν τῷ Ὠσηὲ λέγει
12.1 Παρακαλῶ οὖν ὑμᾶς, ἀδελφοί, διὰ τῶν οἰκτιρμῶν τοῦ θεοῦ παραστῆσαι τὰ σώματα ὑμῶν θυσίαν ζῶσαν ἁγίαν τῷ θεῷ εὐάρεστον, τὴν λογικὴν λατρείαν ὑμῶν·'' None		sup>
8.14 For as many as are led by the Spirit of God, these are children of God. 8.15 For you didn\'t receive the spirit of bondage again to fear, but you received the Spirit of adoption, by whom we cry, "Abba! Father!" 8.16 The Spirit himself testifies with our spirit that we are children of God; 8.17 and if children, then heirs; heirs of God, and joint-heirs with Christ; if indeed we suffer with him, that we may also be glorified with him. 8.18 For I consider that the sufferings of this present time are not worthy to be compared with the glory which will be revealed toward us. 8.19 For the creation waits with eager expectation for the sons of God to be revealed. 8.20 For the creation was subjected to vanity, not of its own will, but because of him who subjected it, in hope 8.21 that the creation itself also will be delivered from the bondage of decay into the liberty of the glory of the children of God.
8.23 Not only so, but ourselves also, who have the first fruits of the Spirit, even we ourselves groan within ourselves, waiting for adoption, the redemption of our body.
9.4 who are Israelites; whose is the adoption, the glory, the covets, the giving of the law, the service, and the promises;
9.6 But it is not as though the word of God has come to nothing. For they are not all Israel, that are of Israel.
9.25 As he says also in Hosea, "I will call them \'my people,\' which were not my people; And her \'beloved,\' who was not beloved."
12.1 Therefore I urge you, brothers, by the mercies of God, to present your bodies a living sacrifice, holy, acceptable to God, which is your spiritual service. '' None
55. New Testament, Titus, 1.6-1.9, 2.4-2.5 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Family, ideal relationships • codes, family, sexuality, effeminacy • codes, family, sexuality, masculinity/feminity • family • family, • family, divinity as father • family, household

 Found in books: Gray (2021), Gregory of Nyssa as Biographer: Weaving Lives for Virtuous Readers, 99; Huttner (2013), Early Christianity in the Lycus Valley, 144; Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 561, 570; Rüpke and Woolf (2013), Religious Dimensions of the Self in the Second Century CE. 81

sup>
1.6 εἴ τίς ἐστιν ἀνέγκλητος, μιᾶς γυναικὸς ἀνήρ, τέκνα ἔχων πιστά, μὴ ἐν κατηγορίᾳ ἀσωτίας ἢ ἀνυπότακτα. 1.7 δεῖ γὰρ τὸν ἐπίσκοπον ἀνέγκλητον εἶναι ὡς θεοῦ οἰκονόμον, μὴ αὐθάδη, μὴ ὀργίλον, μὴ πάροινον, μὴ πλήκτην, μὴ αἰσχροκερδῆ, 1.8 ἀλλὰ φιλόξενον, φιλάγαθον, σώφρονα, δίκαιον, ὅσιον, ἐγκρατῆ, ἀντεχόμενον τοῦ κατὰ τὴν διδαχὴν πιστοῦ λόγου, 1.9 ἵνα δυνατὸς ᾖ καὶ παρακαλεῖν ἐν τῇ διδασκαλίᾳ τῇ ὑγιαινούσῃ καὶ τοὺς ἀντιλέγοντας ἐλέγχειν.
2.4 ἵνα lt*gtωφρονίζωσι τὰς νέας φιλάνδρους εἶναι, φιλοτέκνους, 2.5 σώφρονας, ἁγνάς, οἰκουργούς, ἀγαθάς, ὑποτασσομένας τοῖς ἰδίοις ἀνδράσιν, ἵνα μὴ ὁ λόγος τοῦ θεοῦ βλασφημῆται.'' None		sup>
1.6 if anyone is blameless, the husband of one wife, having children who believe, who are not accused of loose or unruly behavior. ' "1.7 For the overseer must be blameless, as God's steward; not self-pleasing, not easily angered, not given to wine, not violent, not greedy for dishonest gain; " '1.8 but given to hospitality, as a lover of good, sober-minded, fair, holy, self-controlled; 1.9 holding to the faithful word which is according to the teaching, that he may be able to exhort in the sound doctrine, and to convict those who contradict him.
2.4 that they may train the young women to love their husbands, to love their children, ' "2.5 to be sober-minded, chaste, workers at home, kind, being in subjection to their own husbands, that God's word may not be blasphemed. "' None
56. New Testament, John, 1.12, 19.25 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Family, of Thaumaturgus • New Testament, on Jesus family • Pauline Epistles family lineage of Jesus • family tree

 Found in books: Gray (2021), Gregory of Nyssa as Biographer: Weaving Lives for Virtuous Readers, 59; Huebner (2013), The Family in Roman Egypt: A Comparative Approach to Intergenerational Solidarity and Conflict. 76; Peppard (2011), The Son of God in the Roman World: Divine Sonship in its Social and Political Context, 141; Piotrkowski (2019), Priests in Exile: The History of the Temple of Onias and Its Community in the Hellenistic Period, 97

sup>
1.12 ὅσοι δὲ ἔλαβον αὐτόν, ἔδωκεν αὐτοῖς ἐξουσίαν τέκνα θεοῦ γενέσθαι, τοῖς πιστεύουσιν εἰς τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ,
19.25 Οἱ μὲν οὖν στρατιῶται ταῦτα ἐποίησαν· ἱστήκεισαν δὲ παρὰ τῷ σταυρῷ τοῦ Ἰησοῦ ἡ μήτηρ αὐτοῦ καὶ ἡ ἀδελφὴ τῆς μητρὸς αὐτοῦ, Μαρία ἡ τοῦ Κλωπᾶ καὶ Μαρία ἡ Μαγδαληνή.'' None		sup>
1.12 But as many as received him, to them he gave the right to become God's children, to those who believe in his name: " "
19.25 But there were standing by the cross of Jesus his mother, and his mother's sister, Mary the wife of Clopas, and Mary Magdalene. "" None
57. New Testament, Luke, 4.16-4.17, 4.22, 9.60, 12.51-12.53, 14.25-14.26, 15.11-15.32, 21.16 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Christian(s)/ity, divides families • Family • Family, ideal relationships • Holy men, separation from family • Jesus, teaching on natal family • Mark, Gospel of familial ties and genealogy in • New Testament, on Jesus family • Vettenos, Theodotos family • devotion, severing family relations • eschatology, spiritual family • family • family, married couples • family, of God • family, parent-child, and death • martyr family of God

 Found in books: Albrecht (2014), The Divine Father: Religious and Philosophical Concepts of Divine Parenthood in Antiquity, 203; Bar Asher Siegal (2013), Early Christian Monastic Literature and the Babylonian Talmud, 126; Bremmer (2017), Magic and Martyrs in Early Christianity: Collected Essays, 363; Gray (2021), Gregory of Nyssa as Biographer: Weaving Lives for Virtuous Readers, 179; Herman, Rubenstein (2018), The Aggada of the Bavli and Its Cultural World. 195; Huebner (2013), The Family in Roman Egypt: A Comparative Approach to Intergenerational Solidarity and Conflict. 76; Huebner and Laes (2019), Aulus Gellius and Roman Reading Culture: Text, Presence and Imperial Knowledge in the 'Noctes Atticae', 194; Lavee (2017), The Rabbinic Conversion of Judaism The Unique Perspective of the Bavli on Conversion and the Construction of Jewish Identity, 203; Levine (2005), The Ancient Synagogue, The First Thousand Years, 149; Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 323; Moss (2010), The Other Christs: Imitating Jesus in Ancient Christian Ideologies of Martyrdom, 158; Peppard (2011), The Son of God in the Roman World: Divine Sonship in its Social and Political Context, 126; Stuckenbruck (2007), 1 Enoch 91-108, 432; Waldner et al. (2016), Burial Rituals, Ideas of Afterlife, and the Individual in the Hellenistic World and the Roman Empire, 197

sup>
4.16 Καὶ ἦλθεν εἰς Ναζαρά, οὗ ἦν τεθραμμένος, καὶ εἰσῆλθεν κατὰ τὸ εἰωθὸς αὐτῷ ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ τῶν σαββάτων εἰς τὴν συναγωγήν, καὶ ἀνέστη ἀναγνῶναι. 4.17 καὶ ἐπεδόθη αὐτῷ βιβλίον τοῦ προφήτου Ἠσαίου, καὶ ἀνοίξας τὸ βιβλίον εὗρεν τὸν τόπον οὗ ἦν γεγραμμένον
4.22 καὶ πάντες ἐμαρτύρουν αὐτῷ καὶ ἐθαύμαζον ἐπὶ τοῖς λόγοις τῆς χάριτος τοῖς ἐκπορευομένοις ἐκ τοῦ στόματος αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἔλεγον Οὐχὶ υἱός ἐστιν Ἰωσὴφ οὗτος;
9.60 εἶπεν δὲ αὐτῷ Ἄφες τοὺς νεκροὺς θάψαι τοὺς ἑαυτῶν νεκρούς, σὺ δὲ ἀπελθὼν διάγγελλε τὴν βασιλείαν τοῦ θεοῦ.
12.51 δοκεῖτε ὅτι εἰρήνην παρεγενόμην δοῦναι ἐν τῇ γῇ; οὐχί, λέγω ὑμῖν, ἀλλʼ ἢ διαμερισμόν. 12.52 ἔσονται γὰρ ἀπὸ τοῦ νῦν πέντε ἐν ἑνὶ οἴκῳ διαμεμερισμένοι, τρεῖς ἐπὶ δυσὶν καὶ δύο ἐπὶ τρισίν, 12.53 διαμερισθήσονται πατὴρ ἐπὶ υἱῷ καὶ υἱὸς ἐπὶ πατρί, μήτηρ ἐπὶ θυγατέρα καὶ θυγάτηρ ἐπὶ τὴν μητέρα, πενθερὰ ἐπὶ τὴν νύμφην αὐτῆς καὶ νύμφη ἐπὶ τὴν πενθεράν. 14.26 Εἴ τις ἔρχεται πρός με καὶ οὐ μισεῖ τὸν πατέρα ἑαυτοῦ καὶ τὴν μητέρα καὶ τὴν γυναῖκα καὶ τὰ τέκνα καὶ τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς καὶ τὰς ἀδελφάς, ἔτι τε καὶ τὴν ψυχὴν ἑαυτοῦ, οὐ δύναται εἶναί μου μαθητής.
15.11 Εἶπεν δέ Ἄνθρωπός τις εῖχεν δύο υἱούς. 15.12 καὶ εἶπεν ὁ νεώτερος αὐτῶν τῷ πατρί Πάτερ, δός μοι τὸ ἐπιβάλλον μέρος τῆς οὐσίας· ὁ δὲ διεῖλεν αὐτοῖς τὸν βίον. 15.13 καὶ μετʼ οὐ πολλὰς ἡμέρας συναγαγὼν πάντα ὁ νεώτερος υἱὸς ἀπεδήμησεν εἰς χώραν μακράν, καὶ ἐκεῖ διεσκόρπισεν τὴν οὐσίαν αὐτοῦ ζῶν ἀσώτως. 15.14 δαπανήσαντος δὲ αὐτοῦ πάντα ἐγένετο λιμὸς ἰσχυρὰ κατὰ τὴν χώραν ἐκείνην, καὶ αὐτὸς ἤρξατο ὑστερεῖσθαι. 15.15 καὶ πορευθεὶς ἐκολλήθη ἑνὶ τῶν πολιτῶν τῆς χώρας ἐκείνης, 15.16 καὶ ἔπεμψεν αὐτὸν εἰς τοὺς ἀγροὺς αὐτοῦ βόσκειν χοίρους· καὶ ἐπεθύμει χορτασθῆναι ἐκ τῶν κερατίων ὧν ἤσθιον οἱ χοῖροι, καὶ οὐδεὶς ἐδίδου αὐτῷ. 15.17 εἰς ἑαυτὸν δὲ ἐλθὼν ἔφη Πόσοι μίσθιοι τοῦ πατρός μου περισσεύονται ἄρτων, ἐγὼ δὲ λιμῷ ὧδε ἀπόλλυμαι· 15.18 ἀναστὰς πορεύσομαι πρὸς τὸν πατέρα μου καὶ ἐρῶ αὐτῷ Πάτερ, ἥμαρτον εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν καὶ ἐνώπιόν σου, οὐκέτι εἰμὶ ἄξιος κληθῆναι υἱός σου· 15.19 ποίησόν με ὡς ἕνα τῶν μισθίων σου. 15.20 Καὶ ἀναστὰς ἦλθεν πρὸς τὸν πατέρα ἑαυτοῦ. ἔτι δὲ αὐτοῦ μακρὰν ἀπέχοντος εἶδεν αὐτὸν ὁ πατὴρ αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐσπλαγχνίσθη καὶ δραμὼν ἐπέπεσεν ἐπὶ τὸν τράχηλον αὐτοῦ καὶ κατεφίλησεν αὐτόν. 15.21 εἶπεν δὲ ὁ υἱὸς αὐτῷ Πάτερ, ἥμαρτον εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν καὶ ἐνώπιόν σου, οὐκέτι εἰμὶ ἄξιος κληθῆναι υἱός σου · ποίησόν με ὡς ἕνα τῶν μισθίων σου. 15.22 εἶπεν δὲ ὁ πατὴρ πρὸς τοὺς δούλους αὐτοῦ Ταχὺ ἐξενέγκατε στολὴν τὴν πρώτην καὶ ἐνδύσατε αὐτόν, καὶ δότε δακτύλιον εἰς τὴν χεῖρα αὐτοῦ καὶ ὑποδήματα εἰς τοὺς πόδας, 15.23 καὶ φέρετε τὸν μόσχον τὸν σιτευτόν, θύσατε καὶ φαγόντες εὐφρανθῶμεν, 15.24 ὅτι οὗτος ὁ υἱός μου νεκρὸς ἦν καὶ ἀνέζησεν, ἦν ἀπολωλὼς καὶ εὑρέθη. Καὶ ἤρξαντο εὐφραίνεσθαι. 15.25 ἦν δὲ ὁ υἱὸς αὐτοῦ ὁ πρεσβύτερος ἐν ἀγρῷ· καὶ ὡς ἐρχόμενος ἤγγισεν τῇ οἰκίᾳ, ἤκουσεν συμφωνίας καὶ χορῶν, 15.26 καὶ προσκαλεσάμενος ἕνα τῶν παίδων ἐπυνθάνετο τί ἂν εἴη ταῦτα· 15.27 ὁ δὲ εἶπεν αὐτῷ ὅτι Ὁ ἀδελφός σου ἥκει, καὶ ἔθυσεν ὁ πατήρ σου τὸν μόσχον τὸν σιτευτόν, ὅτι ὑγιαίνοντα αὐτὸν ἀπέλαβεν. ὠργίσθη δὲ καὶ οὐκ ἤθελεν εἰσελθεῖν. 15.28 ὁ δὲ πατὴρ αὐτοῦ ἐξελθὼν παρεκάλει αὐτόν. 15.29 ὁ δὲ ἀποκριθεὶς εἶπεν τῷ πατρὶ αὐτοῦ Ἰδοὺ τοσαῦτα ἔτη δουλεύω σοι καὶ οὐδέποτε ἐντολήν σου παρῆλθον, καὶ ἐμοὶ οὐδέποτε ἔδωκας ἔριφον ἵνα μετὰ τῶν φίλων μου εὐφρανθῶ· 15.30 ὅτε δὲ ὁ υἱός σου οὗτος ὁ καταφαγών σου τὸν βίον μετὰ πορνῶν ἦλθεν, ἔθυσας αὐτῷ τὸν σιτευτὸν μόσχον. 15.31 ὁ δὲ εἶπεν αὐτῷ Τέκνον, σὺ πάντοτε μετʼ ἐμοῦ εἶ, καὶ πάντα τὰ ἐμὰ σά ἐστιν· εὐφρανθῆναι δὲ καὶ χαρῆναι ἔδει, 15.32 ὅτι ὁ ἀδελφός σου οὗτος νεκρὸς ἦν καὶ ἔζησεν, καὶ ἀπολωλὼς καὶ εὑρέθη.
21.16 παραδοθήσεσθε δὲ καὶ ὑπὸ γονέων καὶ ἀδελφῶν καὶ συγγενῶν καὶ φίλων, καὶ θανατώσουσιν ἐξ ὑμῶν,' ' None		sup>
4.16 He came to Nazareth, where he had been brought up. He entered, as was his custom, into the synagogue on the Sabbath day, and stood up to read. 4.17 The book of the prophet Isaiah was handed to him. He opened the book, and found the place where it was written,
4.22 All testified about him, and wondered at the gracious words which proceeded out of his mouth, and they said, "Isn\'t this Joseph\'s son?"
9.60 But Jesus said to him, "Leave the dead to bury their own dead, but you go and announce the Kingdom of God."
12.51 Do you think that I have come to give peace in the earth? I tell you, no, but rather division. 12.52 For from now on, there will be five in one house divided, three against two, and two against three. 12.53 They will be divided, father against son, and son against father; mother against daughter, and daughter against her mother; mother-in-law against her daughter-in-law, and daughter-in-law against her mother-in-law." 14.26 "If anyone comes to me, and doesn\'t hate his own father, mother, wife, children, brothers, and sisters, yes, and his own life also, he can\'t be my disciple.
15.11 He said, "A certain man had two sons. ' "15.12 The younger of them said to his father, 'Father, give me my share of your property.' He divided his livelihood between them. " '15.13 Not many days after, the younger son gathered all of this together and took his journey into a far country. There he wasted his property with riotous living. 15.14 When he had spent all of it, there arose a severe famine in that country, and he began to be in need. 15.15 He went and joined himself to one of the citizens of that country, and he sent him into his fields to feed pigs. 15.16 He wanted to fill his belly with the husks that the pigs ate, but no one gave him any. ' "15.17 But when he came to himself he said, 'How many hired servants of my father's have bread enough to spare, and I'm dying with hunger! " '15.18 I will get up and go to my father, and will tell him, "Father, I have sinned against heaven, and in your sight. 15.19 I am no more worthy to be called your son. Make me as one of your hired servants."\ '15.20 "He arose, and came to his father. But while he was still far off, his father saw him, and was moved with compassion, and ran, and fell on his neck, and kissed him. ' "15.21 The son said to him, 'Father, I have sinned against heaven, and in your sight. I am no longer worthy to be called your son.' " '15.22 "But the father said to his servants, \'Bring out the best robe, and put it on him. Put a ring on his hand, and shoes on his feet. 15.23 Bring the fattened calf, kill it, and let us eat, and celebrate; ' "15.24 for this, my son, was dead, and is alive again. He was lost, and is found.' They began to celebrate. " '15.25 "Now his elder son was in the field. As he came near to the house, he heard music and dancing. 15.26 He called one of the servants to him, and asked what was going on. ' "15.27 He said to him, 'Your brother has come, and your father has killed the fattened calf, because he has received him back safe and healthy.' " '15.28 But he was angry, and would not go in. Therefore his father came out, and begged him. ' "15.29 But he answered his father, 'Behold, these many years I have served you, and I never disobeyed a commandment of yours, but you never gave me a goat, that I might celebrate with my friends. " "15.30 But when this, your son, came, who has devoured your living with prostitutes, you killed the fattened calf for him.' " '15.31 "He said to him, \'Son, you are always with me, and all that is mine is yours. 15.32 But it was appropriate to celebrate and be glad, for this, your brother, was dead, and is alive again. He was lost, and is found.\'"
21.16 You will be handed over even by parents, brothers, relatives, and friends. Some of you they will cause to be put to death. ' ' None
58. New Testament, Mark, 1.19, 3.20-3.35, 10.19-10.31, 13.12 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Christian(s)/ity, divides families • Family • Family, ideal relationships • Jesus, family of • Jesus, teaching on natal family • Mark, Gospel of familial ties and genealogy in • New Testament, on Jesus family • eschatology, spiritual family • family • family and kinship, attitude of Christian women to family • family structure • family, married couples • family, of God • family, parent-child, and death • martyr family of God

 Found in books: Albrecht (2014), The Divine Father: Religious and Philosophical Concepts of Divine Parenthood in Antiquity, 327; Avery-Peck, Chilton, and Scott Green (2014), A Legacy of Learning: Essays in Honor of Jacob Neusner , 255; Bremmer (2017), Magic and Martyrs in Early Christianity: Collected Essays, 363; Cadwallader (2016), Stones, Bones and the Sacred: Essays on Material Culture and Religion in Honor of Dennis E, 27; Esler (2000), The Early Christian World, 435; Gray (2021), Gregory of Nyssa as Biographer: Weaving Lives for Virtuous Readers, 179; Huebner (2013), The Family in Roman Egypt: A Comparative Approach to Intergenerational Solidarity and Conflict. 73; Huebner and Laes (2019), Aulus Gellius and Roman Reading Culture: Text, Presence and Imperial Knowledge in the 'Noctes Atticae', 194, 195; Lieu (2004), Christian Identity in the Jewish and Graeco-Roman World, 167; Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 323; Moss (2010), The Other Christs: Imitating Jesus in Ancient Christian Ideologies of Martyrdom, 158, 160; Peppard (2011), The Son of God in the Roman World: Divine Sonship in its Social and Political Context, 126, 127, 128; Stuckenbruck (2007), 1 Enoch 91-108, 432; Waldner et al. (2016), Burial Rituals, Ideas of Afterlife, and the Individual in the Hellenistic World and the Roman Empire, 197

sup>
1.19 Καὶ προβὰς ὀλίγον εἶδεν Ἰάκωβον τὸν τοῦ Ζεβεδαίου καὶ Ἰωάνην τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ, καὶ αὐτοὺς ἐν τῷ πλοίῳ καταρτίζοντας τὰ δίκτυα,
3.20 Καὶ ἔρχεται εἰς οἶκον· καὶ συνέρχεται πάλιν ὁ ὄχλος, ὥστε μὴ δύνασθαι αὐτοὺς μηδὲ ἄρτον φαγεῖν. 3.21 καὶ ἀκούσαντες οἱ παρʼ αὐτοῦ ἐξῆλθον κρατῆσαι αὐτόν, ἔλεγον γὰρ ὅτι ἐξέστη. 3.22 καὶ οἱ γραμματεῖς οἱ ἀπὸ Ἰεροσολύμων καταβάντες ἔλεγον ὅτι Βεεζεβοὺλ ἔχει, καὶ ὅτι ἐν τῷ ἄρχοντι τῶν δαιμονίων ἐκβάλλει τὰ δαιμόνια. 3.23 καὶ προσκαλεσάμενος αὐτοὺς ἐν παραβολαῖς ἔλεγεν αὐτοῖς Πῶς δύναται Σατανᾶς Σατανᾶν ἐκβάλλειν; 3.24 καὶ ἐὰν βασιλεία ἐφʼ ἑαυτὴν μερισθῇ, οὐ δύναται σταθῆναι ἡ βασιλεία ἐκείνη· 3.25 καὶ ἐὰν οἰκία ἐφʼ ἑαυτὴν μερισθῇ, οὐ δυνήσεται ἡ οἰκία ἐκείνη στῆναι· 3.26 καὶ εἰ ὁ Σατανᾶς ἀνέστη ἐφʼ ἑαυτὸν καὶ ἐμερίσθη, οὐ δύναται στῆναι ἀλλὰ τέλος ἔχει. 3.27 ἀλλʼ οὐ δύναται οὐδεὶς εἰς τὴν οἰκίαν τοῦ ἰσχυροῦ εἰσελθὼν τὰ σκεύη αὐτοῦ διαρπάσαι ἐὰν μὴ πρῶτον τὸν ἰσχυρὸν δήσῃ, καὶ τότε τὴν οἰκίαν αὐτοῦ διαρπάσει. 3.28 Ἀμὴν λέγω ὑμῖν ὅτι πάντα ἀφεθήσεται τοῖς υἱοῖς τῶν ἀνθρώπων, τὰ ἁμαρτήματα καὶ αἱ βλασφημίαι ὅσα ἐὰν βλασφημήσωσιν· 3.29 ὃς δʼ ἂν βλασφημήσῃ εἰς τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον, οὐκ ἔχει ἄφεσιν εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα, ἀλλὰ ἔνοχός ἐστιν αἰωνίου ἁμαρτήματος. 3.30 ὅτι ἔλεγον Πνεῦμα ἀκάθαρτον ἔχει. 3.31 Καὶ ἔρχονται ἡ μήτηρ αὐτοῦ καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοὶ αὐτοῦ καὶ ἔξω στήκοντες ἀπέστειλαν πρὸς αὐτὸν καλοῦντες αὐτόν. 3.32 καὶ ἐκάθητο περὶ αὐτὸν ὄχλος, καὶ λέγουσιν αὐτῷ Ἰδοὺ ἡ μήτηρ σου καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοί σου ἔξω ζητοῦσίν σε. 3.33 καὶ ἀποκριθεὶς αὐτοῖς λέγει Τίς ἐστιν ἡ μήτηρ μου καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοί; 3.34 καὶ περιβλεψάμενος τοὺς περὶ αὐτὸν κύκλῳ καθημένους λέγει Ἴδε ἡ μήτηρ μου καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοί μου· 3.35 ὃς ἂν ποιήσῃ τὸ θέλημα τοῦ θεοῦ, οὗτος ἀδελφός μου καὶ ἀδελφὴ καὶ μήτηρ ἐστίν.
10.19 τὰς ἐντολὰς οἶδας Μὴ φονεύσῃς, Μὴ μοιχεύσῃς, Μὴ κλέψῃς, Μὴ ψευδομαρτυρήσῃς, Μὴ ἀποστερήσῃς, Τίμα τὸν πατέρα σου καὶ τὴν μητέρα. 10.20 ὁ δὲ ἔφη αὐτῷ Διδάσκαλε, ταῦτα πάντα ἐφυλαξάμην ἐκ νεότητός μου. 10.21 ὁ δὲ Ἰησοῦς ἐμβλέψας αὐτῷ ἠγάπησεν αὐτὸν καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ Ἕν σε ὑστερεῖ· ὕπαγε ὅσα ἔχεις πώλησον καὶ δὸς τοῖς πτωχοῖς, καὶ ἕξεις θησαυρὸν ἐν οὐρανῷ, καὶ δεῦρο ἀκολούθει μοι. 10.22 ὁ δὲ στυγνάσας ἐπὶ τῷ λόγῳ ἀπῆλθεν λυπούμενος, ἦν γὰρ ἔχων κτήματα πολλά. 10.23 Καὶ περιβλεψάμενος ὁ Ἰησοῦς λέγει τοῖς μαθηταῖς αὐτοῦ Πῶς δυσκόλως οἱ τὰ χρήματα ἔχοντες εἰς τὴν βασιλείαν τοῦ θεοῦ εἰσελεύσονται. 10.24 οἱ δὲ μαθηταὶ ἐθαμβοῦντο ἐπὶ τοῖς λόγοις αὐτοῦ. ὁ δὲ Ἰησοῦς πάλιν ἀποκριθεὶς λέγει αὐτοῖς Τέκνα, πῶς δύσκολόν ἐστιν εἰς τὴν βασιλείαν τοῦ θεοῦ εἰσελθεῖν· 10.25 εὐκοπώτερόν ἐστιν κάμηλον διὰ τρυμαλιᾶς ῥαφίδος διελθεῖν ἢ πλούσιον εἰς τὴν βασιλείαν τοῦ θεοῦ εἰσελθεῖν. 10.26 οἱ δὲ περισσῶς ἐξεπλήσσοντο λέγοντες πρὸς αὐτόν Καὶ τίς δύναται σωθῆναι; 10.27 ἐμβλέψας αὐτοῖς ὁ Ἰησοῦς λέγει Παρὰ ἀνθρώποις ἀδύνατον ἀλλʼ οὐ παρὰ θεῷ, πάντα γὰρ δυνατὰ παρὰ τῷ θεῷ . 10.28 Ἤρξατο λέγειν ὁ Πέτρος αὐτῷ Ἰδοὺ ἡμεῖς ἀφήκαμεν πάντα καὶ ἠκολουθήκαμέν σοι. 10.29 ἔφη ὁ Ἰησοῦς Ἀμὴν λέγω ὑμῖν, οὐδεὶς ἔστιν ὃς ἀφῆκεν οἰκίαν ἢ ἀδελφοὺς ἢ ἀδελφὰς ἢ μητέρα ἢ πατέρα ἢ τέκνα ἢ ἀγροὺς ἕνεκεν ἐμοῦ καὶ ἕνεκεν τοῦ εὐαγγελίου, 10.30 ἐὰν μὴ λάβῃ ἑκατονταπλασίονα νῦν ἐν τῷ καιρῷ τούτῳ οἰκίας καὶ ἀδελφοὺς καὶ ἀδελφὰς καὶ μητέρας καὶ τέκνα καὶ ἀγροὺς μετὰ διωγμῶν, καὶ ἐν τῷ αἰῶνι τῷ ἐρχομένῳ ζωὴν αἰώνιον. 10.31 πολλοὶ δὲ ἔσονται πρῶτοι ἔσχατοι καὶ οἱ ἔσχατοι πρῶτοι.
13.12 καὶ παραδώσει ἀδελφὸς ἀδελφὸν εἰς θάνατον καὶ πατὴρ τέκνον, καὶ ἐπαναστήσονται τέκνα ἐπὶ γονεῖς καὶ θανατώσουσιν αὐτούς·'' None		sup>
1.19 Going on a little further from there, he saw James the son of Zebedee, and John, his brother, who were also in the boat mending the nets.
3.20 The multitude came together again, so that they could not so much as eat bread. 3.21 When his friends heard it, they went out to seize him: for they said, "He is insane." 3.22 The scribes who came down from Jerusalem said, "He has Beelzebul," and, "By the prince of the demons he casts out the demons." 3.23 He summoned them, and said to them in parables, "How can Satan cast out Satan? 3.24 If a kingdom is divided against itself, that kingdom cannot stand. 3.25 If a house is divided against itself, that house cannot stand. ' "3.26 If Satan has risen up against himself, and is divided, he can't stand, but has an end. " '3.27 But no one can enter into the house of the strong man to plunder, unless he first binds the strong man; and then he will plunder his house. ' "3.28 Most assuredly I tell you, all of the sons of men's sins will be forgiven them, including their blasphemies with which they may blaspheme; " '3.29 but whoever may blaspheme against the Holy Spirit never has forgiveness, but is guilty of an eternal sin" 3.30 -- because they said, "He has an unclean spirit." 3.31 His mother and his brothers came, and standing outside, they sent to him, calling him. 3.32 A multitude was sitting around him, and they told him, "Behold, your mother, your brothers, and your sisters are outside looking for you." 3.33 He answered them, "Who are my mother and my brothers?" 3.34 Looking around at those who sat around him, he said, "Behold, my mother and my brothers! 3.35 For whoever does the will of God, the same is my brother, and my sister, and mother."
10.19 You know the commandments: \'Do not murder,\' \'Do not commit adultery,\' \'Do not steal,\' \'Do not give false testimony,\' \'Do not defraud,\' \'Honor your father and mother.\'" 10.20 He said to him, "Teacher, I have observed all these things from my youth." 10.21 Jesus looking at him loved him, and said to him, "One thing you lack. Go, sell whatever you have, and give to the poor, and you will have treasure in heaven; and come, follow me, taking up the cross." 10.22 But his face fell at that saying, and he went away sorrowful, for he was one who had great possessions. 10.23 Jesus looked around, and said to his disciples, "How difficult it is for those who have riches to enter into the Kingdom of God!" 10.24 The disciples were amazed at his words. But Jesus answered again, "Children, how hard is it for those who trust in riches to enter into the Kingdom of God! 10.25 It is easier for a camel to go through a needle\'s eye than for a rich man to enter into the Kingdom of God." 10.26 They were exceedingly astonished, saying to him, "Then who can be saved?" 10.27 Jesus, looking at them, said, "With men it is impossible, but not with God, for all things are possible with God." 10.28 Peter began to tell him, "Behold, we have left all, and have followed you." 10.29 Jesus said, "Most assuredly I tell you, there is no one who has left house, or brothers, or sisters, or father, or mother, or wife, or children, or land, for my sake, and for the gospel\'s sake, 10.30 but he will receive one hundred times more now in this time, houses, brothers, sisters, mothers, children, and land, with persecutions; and in the age to come eternal life. 10.31 But many who are first will be last; and the last first."
13.12 "Brother will deliver up brother to death, and the father his child. Children will rise up against parents, and cause them to be put to death. '' None
59. New Testament, Matthew, 2.16-2.18, 10.36, 12.46-12.50, 19.29 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Family • Holy Family • Jesus, family values and • Jesus, teaching on natal family • Mark, Gospel of familial ties and genealogy in • eschatology, spiritual family • familial • family • family and kinship, attitude of Christian women to family

 Found in books: Avery-Peck, Chilton, and Scott Green (2014), A Legacy of Learning: Essays in Honor of Jacob Neusner , 291; Esler (2000), The Early Christian World, 435; Farag (2021), What Makes a Church Sacred? Legal and Ritual Perspectives from Late Antiquity, 169; Herman, Rubenstein (2018), The Aggada of the Bavli and Its Cultural World. 195; Huebner and Laes (2019), Aulus Gellius and Roman Reading Culture: Text, Presence and Imperial Knowledge in the 'Noctes Atticae', 194; Maier and Waldner (2022), Desiring Martyrs: Locating Martyrs in Space and Time, 63, 103; Peppard (2011), The Son of God in the Roman World: Divine Sonship in its Social and Political Context, 127; Stuckenbruck (2007), 1 Enoch 91-108, 432

sup>
2.16 Τότε Ἡρῴδης ἰδὼν ὅτι ἐνεπαίχθη ὑπὸ τῶν μάγων ἐθυμώθη λίαν, καὶ ἀποστείλας ἀνεῖλεν πάντας τοὺς παῖδας τοὺς ἐν Βηθλεὲμ καὶ ἐν πᾶσι τοῖς ὁρίοις αὐτῆς ἀπὸ διετοῦς καὶ κατωτέρω, κατὰ τὸν χρόνον ὃν ἠκρίβωσεν παρὰ τῶν μάγων. 2.17 Τότε ἐπληρώθη τὸ ῥηθὲν διὰ Ἰερεμίου τοῦ προφήτου λέγοντος 2.18 φωνὴ ἐν Ῥαμὰ ἠκούσθη, κλαυθμὸς καὶ ὀδυρμὸς πολύς· Ῥαχὴλ κλαίουσα τὰ τέκνα αὐτῆς, καὶ οὐκ ἤθελεν παρακληθῆναι ὅτι οὐκ εἰσίν.
10.36 καὶ ἐχθροὶ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου οἱ οἰκιακοὶ αὐτοῦ.
12.46 Ἔτι αὐτοῦ λαλοῦντος τοῖς ὄχλοις ἰδοὺ ἡ μήτηρ καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοὶ αὐτοῦ ἱστήκεισαν 12.47 ἔξω ζητοῦντες αὐτῷ λαλῆσαι. 12.48 ὁ δὲ ἀποκριθεὶς εἶπεν τῷ λέγοντι αὐτῷ Τίς ἐστιν ἡ μήτηρ μου, καὶ τίνες εἰσὶν οἱ ἀδελφοί μου; 12.49 καὶ ἐκτείνας τὴν χεῖρα αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ τοὺς μαθητὰς αὐτοῦ εἶπεν Ἰδοὺ ἡ μήτηρ μου καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοί μου· 12.50 ὅστις γὰρ ἂν ποιήσῃ τὸ θέλημα τοῦ πατρός μου τοῦ ἐν οὐρανοῖς, αὐτός μου ἀδελφὸς καὶ ἀδελφὴ καὶ μήτηρ ἐστίν.
19.29 καὶ πᾶς ὅστις ἀφῆκεν οἰκίας ἢ ἀδελφοὺς ἢ ἀδελφὰς ἢ πατέρα ἢ μητέρα ἢ τέκνα ἢ ἀγροὺς ἕνεκεν τοῦ ἐμοῦ ὀνόματος, πολλαπλασίονα λήμψεται καὶ ζωὴν αἰώνιον κληρονομήσει.'' None		sup>
2.16 Then Herod, when he saw that he was mocked by the wise men, was exceedingly angry, and sent out, and killed all the male children who were in Bethlehem and in all the surrounding countryside, from two years old and under, according to the exact time which he had learned from the wise men. 2.17 Then that which was spoken by Jeremiah the prophet was fulfilled, saying, 2.18 "A voice was heard in Ramah, Lamentation, weeping and great mourning, Rachel weeping for her children; She wouldn\'t be comforted, Because they are no more."' "
10.36 A man's foes will be those of his own household. " 12.46 While he was yet speaking to the multitudes, behold, his mother and his brothers stood outside, seeking to speak to him. 12.47 One said to him, "Behold, your mother and your brothers stand outside, seeking to speak to you." 12.48 But he answered him who spoke to him, "Who is my mother? Who are my brothers?" 12.49 He stretched out his hand towards his disciples, and said, "Behold, my mother and my brothers! 12.50 For whoever does the will of my Father who is in heaven, he is my brother, and sister, and mother." ' "
19.29 Everyone who has left houses, or brothers, or sisters, or father, or mother, or wife, or children, or lands, for my name's sake, will receive one hundred times, and will inherit eternal life. "' None
60. Tacitus, Annals, 1.41, 1.73, 1.73.3, 2.83, 3.4, 3.4.2, 3.18.2-3.18.3, 4.15.3, 12.1, 12.3-12.7, 12.66, 13.4, 14.5, 14.7, 16.7.1, 16.16.2, 16.21.1-16.21.2, 16.35 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Family • Nero, murders family • divi and divae, deified emperors and members of imperial family • domus Augusta (imperial family) • domus Augusta (imperial family), and Augustus • domus Augusta (imperial family), and Caligula • domus Augusta (imperial family), and Claudius • domus Augusta (imperial family), and Nero • domus Augusta (imperial family), and Tiberius • domus Augusta (imperial family), and people of Rome • domus Augusta (imperial family), women of • exemplarity, and family models • family • family, • family, as source of emulation • family, imperial • family, imperial, dynastic conflict • identity, in context of family relationships • imperial family • imperial family, Roman • sacrifice, for health of emperor and imperial family • statue, of Emperors (and family) • women, of imperial family

 Found in books: Bexley (2022), Seneca's Characters: Fictional Identities and Implied Human Selves, 149, 150; Black, Thomas, and Thompson (2022), Ephesos as a Religious Center under the Principate. 18; Bruun and Edmondson (2015), The Oxford Handbook of Roman Epigraphy, 190, 352, 353, 354, 355; Davies (2004), Rome's Religious History: Livy, Tacitus and Ammianus on their Gods, 198, 201; Erker (2023), Ambiguity and Religion in Ovid’s Fasti: Religious Innovation and the Imperial Family, 230; Fertik (2019), The Ruler's House: Contesting Power and Privacy in Julio-Claudian Rome, 48, 49, 50, 51, 53, 54, 57; Hachlili (2005), Practices And Rites In The Second Temple Period, 185; Hug (2023), Fertility, Ideology, and the Cultural Politics of Reproduction at Rome, 201; Huttner (2013), Early Christianity in the Lycus Valley, 61; Shannon-Henderson (2019), Power Play in Latin Love Elegy and its Multiple Forms of Continuity in Ovid’s , 39, 47, 116, 128, 135, 173, 213, 278, 281, 302, 340, 341, 344; Tuori (2016), The Emperor of Law: The Emergence of Roman Imperial Adjudication<, 144, 157, 183

sup>
1.41 Non florentis Caesaris neque suis in castris, sed velut in urbe victa facies gemitusque ac planctus etiam militum auris oraque advertere: progrediuntur contuberniis. quis ille flebilis sonus? quod tam triste? feminas inlustris, non centurionem ad tutelam, non militem, nihil imperatoriae uxoris aut comitatus soliti: pergere ad Treviros et externae fidei. pudor inde et miseratio et patris Agrippae, Augusti avi memoria, socer Drusus, ipsa insigni fecunditate, praeclara pudicitia; iam infans in castris genitus, in contubernio legionum eductus, quem militari vocabulo Caligulam appellabant, quia plerumque ad concilianda vulgi studia eo tegmine pedum induebatur. sed nihil aeque flexit quam invidia in Treviros: orant obsistunt, rediret maneret, pars Agrippinae occursantes, plurimi ad Germanicum regressi. isque ut erat recens dolore et ira apud circumfusos ita coepit.
1.73 Haud pigebit referre in Falanio et Rubrio, modicis equitibus Romanis, praetemptata crimina, ut quibus initiis, quanta Tiberii arte gravissimum exitium inrepserit, dein repressum sit, postremo arserit cunctaque corripuerit, noscatur. Falanio obiciebat accusator, quod inter cultores Augusti, qui per omnis domos in modum collegiorum habebantur, Cassium quendam mimum corpore infamem adscivisset, quodque venditis hortis statuam Augusti simul mancipasset. Rubrio crimini dabatur violatum periurio numen Augusti. quae ubi Tiberio notuere, scripsit consulibus non ideo decretum patri suo caelum, ut in perniciem civium is honor verteretur. Cassium histrionem solitum inter alios eiusdem artis interesse ludis, quos mater sua in memoriam Augusti sacrasset; nec contra religiones fieri quod effigies eius, ut alia numinum simulacra, venditionibus hortorum et domuum accedant. ius iurandum perinde aestimandum quam si Iovem fefellisset: deorum iniurias dis curae.' 2.83 Honores ut quis amore in Germanicum aut ingenio validus reperti decretique: ut nomen eius Saliari carmine caneretur; sedes curules sacerdotum Augustalium locis superque eas querceae coronae statuerentur; ludos circensis eburna effigies praeiret neve quis flamen aut augur in locum Germanici nisi gentis Iuliae crearetur. arcus additi Romae et apud ripam Rheni et in monte Syriae Amano cum inscriptione rerum gestarum ac mortem ob rem publicam obisse. sepulchrum Antiochiae ubi crematus, tribunal Epidaphnae quo in loco vitam finierat. statuarum locorumve in quis coleretur haud facile quis numerum inierit. cum censeretur clipeus auro et magni- tudine insignis inter auctores eloquentiae, adseveravit Tiberius solitum paremque ceteris dicaturum: neque enim eloquentiam fortuna discerni et satis inlustre si veteres inter scriptores haberetur. equester ordo cuneum Germanici appellavit qui iuniorum dicebatur, instituitque uti turmae idibus Iuliis imaginem eius sequerentur. pleraque manent: quaedam statim omissa sunt aut vetustas oblitteravit.
3.4 Dies quo reliquiae tumulo Augusti inferebantur modo per silentium vastus, modo ploratibus inquies; plena urbis itinera, conlucentes per campum Martis faces. illic miles cum armis, sine insignibus magistratus, populus per tribus concidisse rem publicam, nihil spei reliquum clamitabant, promptius apertiusque quam ut meminisse imperitantium crederes. nihil tamen Tiberium magis penetravit quam studia hominum accensa in Agrippinam, cum decus patriae, solum Augusti sanguinem, unicum antiquitatis specimen appellarent versique ad caelum ac deos integram illi subolem ac superstitem iniquorum precarentur.
3.4 Eodem anno Galliarum civitates ob magnitudinem aeris alieni rebellionem coeptavere, cuius extimulator acerrimus inter Treviros Iulius Florus, apud Aeduos Iulius Sacrovir. nobilitas ambobus et maiorum bona facta eoque Romana civitas olim data, cum id rarum nec nisi virtuti pretium esset. ii secretis conloquiis, ferocissimo quoque adsumpto aut quibus ob egestatem ac metum ex flagitiis maxima peccandi necessitudo, componunt Florus Belgas, Sacrovir propiores Gallos concire. igitur per conciliabula et coetus seditiosa disserebant de continuatione tributorum, gravitate faenoris, saevitia ac superbia praesidentium, et discordare militem audito Germanici exitio. egregium resumendae libertati tempus, si ipsi florentes quam inops Italia, quam inbellis urbana plebes, nihil validum in exercitibus nisi quod externum, cogitarent.
12.1 Caede Messalinae convulsa principis domus, orto apud libertos certamine, quis deligeret uxorem Claudio, caelibis vitae intoleranti et coniugum imperiis obnoxio. nec minore ambitu feminae exarserant: suam quaeque nobilitatem formam opes contendere ac digna tanto matrimonio ostentare. sed maxime ambigebatur inter Lolliam Paulinam M. Lollii consularis et Iuliam Agrippinam Germanico genitam: huic Pallas, illi Callistus fautores aderant; at Aelia Paetina e familia Tuberonum Narcisso fovebatur. ipse huc modo, modo illuc, ut quemque suadentium audierat, promptus, discordantis in consilium vocat ac promere sententiam et adicere rationes iubet.
12.1 Per idem tempus legati Parthorum ad expetendum, ut rettuli, Meherdaten missi senatum ingrediuntur mandataque in hunc modum incipiunt: non se foederis ignaros nec defectione a familia Arsacidarum venire, set filium Vononis, nepotem Phraatis accersere adversus dominationem Gotarzis nobilitati plebique iuxta intolerandam. iam fratres, iam propinquos, iam longius sitos caedibus exhaustos; adici coniuges gravidas, liberos parvos, dum socors domi, bellis infaustus ignaviam saevitia tegat. veterem sibi ac publice coeptam nobiscum amicitiam, et subveniendum sociis virium aemulis cedentibusque per reverentiam. ideo regum obsides liberos dari ut, si domestici imperii taedeat, sit regressus ad principem patresque, quorum moribus adsuefactus rex melior adscisceretur.
12.3 Praevaluere haec adiuta Agrippinae inlecebris: ad eum per speciem necessitudinis crebro ventitando pellicit patruum ut praelata ceteris et nondum uxor potentia uxoria iam uteretur. nam ubi sui matrimonii certa fuit, struere maiora nuptiasque Domitii, quem ex Cn. Ahenobarbo genuerat, et Octaviae Caesaris filiae moliri; quod sine scelere perpetrari non poterat, quia L. Silano desponderat Octaviam Caesar iuvenemque et alia clarum insigni triumphalium et gladiatorii muneris magnificentia protulerat ad studia vulgi. sed nihil arduum videbatur in animo principis, cui non iudicium, non odium erat nisi indita et iussa.
12.3 Sed Iazuges obsidionis impatientes et proximos per campos vagi necessitudinem pugnae attulere, quia Lugius Hermundurusque illic ingruerant. igitur degressus castellis Vannius funditur proelio, quamquam rebus adversis laudatus quod et pugnam manu capessiit et corpore adverso vulnera excepit. ceterum ad classem in Danuvio opperientem perfugit; secuti mox clientes et acceptis agris in Pannonia locati sunt. regnum Vangio ac Sido inter se partivere, egregia adversus nos fide, subiectis, suone an servitii ingenio, dum adipiscerentur dominationes, multa caritate, et maiore odio, postquam adepti sunt. 12.4 At Caesar cognita morte legati, ne provincia sine rectore foret, A. Didium suffecit. is propere vectus non tamen integras res invenit, adversa interim legionis pugna, cui Manlius Valens praeerat; auctaque et apud hostis eius rei fama, quo venientem ducem exterrerent, atque illo augente audita, ut maior laus compositis et, si duravissent, venia iustior tribueretur. Silures id quoque damnum intulerant lateque persultabant, donec adcursu Didii pellerentur. sed post captum Caratacum praecipuus scientia rei militaris Venutius, e Brigantum civitate, ut supra memoravi, fidusque diu et Romanis armis defensus, cum Cartimanduam reginam matrimonio teneret; mox orto discidio et statim bello etiam adversus nos hostilia induerat. sed primo tantum inter ipsos certabatur, callidisque Cartimandua artibus fratrem ac propinquos Venutii intercepit. inde accensi hostes, stimulante ignominia, ne feminae imperio subderentur, valida et lecta armis iuventus regnum eius invadunt. quod nobis praevisum, et missae auxilio cohortes acre proelium fecere, cuius initio ambiguo finis laetior fuit. neque dispari eventu pugnatum a legione, cui Caesius Nasica praeerat; nam Didius senectute gravis et multa copia honorum per ministros agere et arcere hostem satis habebat. haec, quamquam a duobus pro praetoribus pluris per annos gesta, coniunxi ne divisa haud perinde ad memoriam sui valerent: ad temporum ordinem redeo. 12.4 Igitur Vitellius, nomine censoris servilis fallacias obtegens ingruentiumque dominationum provisor, quo gratiam Agrippinae pararet, consiliis eius implicari, ferre crimina in Silanum, cuius sane decora et procax soror, Iunia Calvina, haud multum ante Vitellii nurus fuerat. hinc initium accusationis; fratrumque non incestum, sed incustoditum amorem ad infamiam traxit. et praebebat Caesar auris, accipiendis adversus generum suspicionibus caritate filiae promptior. at Silanus insidiarum nescius ac forte eo anno praetor, repente per edictum Vitellii ordine senatorio movetur, quamquam lecto pridem senatu lustroque condito. simul adfinitatem Claudius diremit, adactusque Silanus eiurare magistratum, et reliquus praeturae dies in Eprium Marcellum conlatus est. 12.5 C. Pompeio Q. Veranio consulibus pactum inter Claudium et Agrippinam matrimonium iam fama, iam amore inlicito firmabatur; necdum celebrare sollemnia nuptiarum audebant, nullo exemplo deductae in domum patrui fratris filiae: quin et incestum ac, si sperneretur, ne in malum publicum erumperet metuebatur. nec ante omissa cunctatio quam Vitellius suis artibus id perpetrandum sumpsit. percontatusque Caesarem an iussis populi, an auctoritati senatus cederet, ubi ille unum se civium et consensui imparem respondit, opperiri intra palatium iubet. ipse curiam ingreditur, summamque rem publicam agi obtestans veniam dicendi ante alios exposcit orditurque: gravissimos principis labores, quis orbem terrae capessat, egere adminiculis ut domestica cura vacuus in commune consulat. quod porro honestius censoriae mentis levamentum quam adsumere coniugem, prosperis dubiisque sociam, cui cogitationes intimas, cui parvos liberos tradat, non luxui aut voluptatibus adsuefactus, sed qui prima ab iuventa legibus obtemperavisset. 12.5 Nam Vologeses casum invadendae Armeniae obvenisse ratus, quam a maioribus suis possessam externus rex flagitio obtineret, contrahit copias fratremque Tiridaten deducere in regnum parat, ne qua pars domus sine imperio ageret. incessu Parthorum sine acie pulsi Hiberi, urbesque Armeniorum Artaxata et Tigranocerta iugum accepere. deinde atrox hiems et parum provisi commeatus et orta ex utroque tabes perpellunt Vologesen omittere praesentia. vacuamque rursus Armeniam Radamistus invasit, truculentior quam antea, tamquam adversus defectores et in tempore rebellaturos. atque illi quamvis servitio sueti patientiam abrumpunt armisque regiam circumveniunt. 12.6 Eodem anno saepius audita vox principis, parem vim rerum habendam a procuratoribus suis iudicatarum ac si ipse statuisset. ac ne fortuito prolapsus videretur, senatus quoque consulto cautum plenius quam antea et uberius. nam divus Augustus apud equestris qui Aegypto praesiderent lege agi decretaque eorum proinde haberi iusserat ac si magistratus Romani constituissent; mox alias per provincias et in urbe pleraque concessa sunt quae olim a praetoribus noscebantur: Claudius omne ius tradidit, de quo toties seditione aut armis certatum, cum Semproniis rogationibus equester ordo in possessione iudiciorum locaretur, aut rursum Serviliae leges senatui iudicia redderent, Mariusque et Sulla olim de eo vel praecipue bellarent. sed tunc ordinum diversa studia, et quae vicerant publice valebant. C. Oppius et Cornelius Balbus primi Caesaris opibus potuere condiciones pacis et arbitria belli tractare. Matios posthac et Vedios et cetera equitum Romanorum praevalida nomina referre nihil attinuerit, cum Claudius libertos quos rei familiari praefecerat sibique et legibus adaequaverit. 12.6 Postquam haec favorabili oratione praemisit multaque patrum adsentatio sequebatur, capto rursus initio, quando maritandum principem cuncti suaderent, deligi oportere feminam nobilitate puerperiis sanctimonia insignem. nec diu anquirendum quin Agrippina claritudine generis anteiret: datum ab ea fecunditatis experimentum et congruere artes honestas. id vero egregium, quod provisu deum vidua iungeretur principi sua tantum matrimonia experto. audivisse a parentibus, vidisse ipsos abripi coniuges ad libita Caesarum: procul id a praesenti modestia. statueretur immo documentum, quo uxorem imperator acciperet. at enim nova nobis in fratrum filias coniugia: sed aliis gentibus sollemnia, neque lege ulla prohibita; et sobrinarum diu ignorata tempore addito percrebuisse. morem accommodari prout conducat, et fore hoc quoque in iis quae mox usurpentur. 12.7 Haud defuere qui certatim, si cunctaretur Caesar, vi acturos testificantes erumperent curia. conglobatur promisca multitudo populumque Romanum eadem orare clamitat. nec Claudius ultra expectato obvius apud forum praebet se gratantibus, senatumque ingressus decretum postulat quo iustae inter patruos fratrumque filias nuptiae etiam in posterum statuerentur. nec tamen repertus est nisi unus talis matrimonii cupitor, Alledius Severus eques Romanus, quem plerique Agrippinae gratia impulsum ferebant. versa ex eo civitas et cuncta feminae oboediebant, non per lasciviam, ut Messalina, rebus Romanis inludenti. adductum et quasi virile servitium: palam severitas ac saepius superbia; nihil domi impudicum, nisi dominationi expediret. cupido auri immensa obtentum habebat, quasi subsidium regno pararetur.
12.66 In tanta mole curarum valetudine adversa corripitur, refovendisque viribus mollitia caeli et salubritate aquarum Sinuessam pergit. tum Agrippina, sceleris olim certa et oblatae occasionis propera nec ministrorum egens, de genere veneni consultavit, ne repentino et praecipiti facinus proderetur; si lentum et tabidum delegisset, ne admotus supremis Claudius et dolo intellecto ad amorem filii rediret. exquisitum aliquid placebat, quod turbaret mentem et mortem differret. deligitur artifex talium vocabulo Locusta, nuper veneficii damnata et diu inter instrumenta regni habita. eius mulieris ingenio paratum virus, cuius minister e spadonibus fuit Halotus, inferre epulas et explorare gustu solitus.
1
3.4 At Tiridates pudore et metu, ne, si concessisset obsidioni, nihil opis in ipso videretur, si prohiberet, impeditis locis seque et equestris copias inligaret, statuit postremo ostendere aciem et dato die proelium incipere vel simulatione fugae locum fraudi parare. igitur repente agmen Romanum circumfundit, non ignaro duce nostro, qui viae pariter et pugnae composuerat exercitum. latere dextro tertia legio, sinistro sexta incedebat, mediis decimanorum delectis; recepta inter ordines impedimenta, et tergum mille equites tuebantur, quibus iusserat ut instantibus comminus resisterent, refugos non sequerentur. in cornibus pedes sagittarius et cetera manus equitum ibat, productiore cornu sinistro per ima collium, ut, si hostis intravisset, fronte simul et sinu exciperetur. adsultare ex diverso Tiridates, non usque ad ictum teli, sed tum minitans, tum specie trepidantis, si laxare ordines et diversos consectari posset. ubi nihil temeritate solutum, nec amplius quam decurio equitum audentius progressus et sagittis confixus ceteros ad obsequium exemplo firmaverat, propinquis iam tenebris abscessit.
1
3.4 Ceterum peractis tristitiae imitamentis curiam ingressus et de auctoritate patrum et consensu militum praefatus, consilia sibi et exempla capessendi egregie imperii memora- vit, neque iuventam armis civilibus aut domesticis discordiis imbutam; nulla odia, nullas iniurias nec cupidinem ultionis adferre. tum formam futuri principatus praescripsit, ea maxime declis quorum recens flagrabat invidia. non enim se negotiorum omnium iudicem fore, ut clausis unam intra domum accusatoribus et reis paucorum potentia grassaretur; nihil in penatibus suis venale aut ambitioni pervium; discretam domum et rem publicam. teneret antiqua munia senatus, consulum tribunalibus Italia et publicae provinciae adsisterent: illi patrum aditum praeberent, se mandatis exercitibus consulturum.
14.5 Haud dispari crimine Fabricius Veiento conflictatus est, quod multa et probrosa in patres et sacerdotes compo- suisset iis libris quibus nomen codicillorum dederat. adiciebat Tullius Geminus accusator venditata ab eo munera principis et adipiscendorum honorum ius. quae causa Neroni fuit suscipiendi iudicii, convictumque Veientonem Italia depulit et libros exuri iussit, conquisitos lectitatosque donec cum periculo parabantur: mox licentia habendi oblivionem attulit.
14.5 Noctem sideribus inlustrem et placido mari quietam quasi convincendum ad scelus dii praebuere. nec multum erat progressa navis, duobus e numero familiarium Agrippinam comitantibus, ex quis Crepereius Gallus haud procul gubernaculis adstabat, Acerronia super pedes cubitantis reclinis paenitentiam filii et reciperatam matris gratiam per gaudium memorabat, cum dato signo ruere tectum loci multo plumbo grave, pressusque Crepereius et statim exanimatus est: Agrippina et Acerronia eminentibus lecti parietibus ac forte validioribus quam ut oneri cederent protectae sunt. nec dissolutio navigii sequebatur, turbatis omnibus et quod plerique ignari etiam conscios impediebant. visum dehinc remigibus unum in latus inclinare atque ita navem submergere: sed neque ipsis promptus in rem subitam consensus, et alii contra nitentes dedere facultatem lenioris in mare iactus. verum Acerronia, imprudentia dum se Agrippinam esse utque subveniretur matri principis clamitat, contis et remis et quae fors obtulerat navalibus telis conficitur: Agrippina silens eoque minus adgnita (unum tamen vulnus umero excepit) do, deinde occursu lenunculorum Lucrinum in lacum vecta villae suae infertur.
14.7 At Neroni nuntios patrati facinoris opperienti adfertur evasisse ictu levi sauciam et hactenus adito discrimine ne auctor dubitaretur. tum pavore exanimis et iam iamque adfore obtestans vindictae properam, sive servitia armaret vel militem accenderet, sive ad senatum et populum pervaderet, naufragium et vulnus et interfectos amicos obiciendo: quod contra subsidium sibi? nisi quid Burrus et Seneca; quos expergens statim acciverat, incertum an et ante gnaros. igitur longum utriusque silentium, ne inriti dissuaderent, an eo descensum credebant ut, nisi praeveniretur Agrippina, pereundum Neroni esset. post Seneca hactenus promptius ut respiceret Burrum ac sciscitaretur an militi imperanda caedes esset. ille praetorianos toti Caesarum domui obstrictos memoresque Germanici nihil adversus progeniem eius atrox ausuros respondit: perpetraret Anicetus promissa. qui nihil cunctatus poscit summam sceleris. ad eam vocem Nero illo sibi die dari imperium auctoremque tanti muneris libertum profitetur: iret propere duceretque promptissimos ad iussa. ipse audito venisse missu Agrippinae nuntium Agerinum, scaenam ultro criminis parat gladiumque, dum mandata perfert, abicit inter pedes eius, tum quasi deprehenso vincla inici iubet, ut exitium principis molitam matrem et pudore deprehensi sceleris sponte mortem sumpsisse confingeret.' "
16.35 Tum progressus in porticum illic a quaestore reperitur, laetitiae propior, quia Helvidium generum suum Italia tantum arceri cognoverat. accepto dehinc senatus consulto Helvidium et Demetrium in cubiculum inducit; porrectisque utriusque brachii venis, postquam cruorem effudit, humum super spargens, propius vocato quaestore 'libamus' inquit 'Iovi liberatori. specta, iuvenis; et omen quidem dii prohibeant, ceterum in ea tempora natus es quibus firmare animum expediat constantibus exemplis.' post lentitudine exitus gravis cruciatus adferente, obversis in Demetrium"' None		sup>
1.41 \xa0The picture recalled less a Caesar at the zenith of force and in his own camp than a scene in a taken town. The sobbing and wailing drew the ears and eyes of the troops themselves. They began to emerge from quarters:â\x80\x94 "Why," they demanded, "the sound of weeping? What calamity had happened? Here were these ladies of rank, and not a centurion to guard them, not a soldier, no sign of the usual escort or that this was the general\'s wife! They were bound for the Treviri â\x80\x94\xa0handed over to the protection of foreigners." There followed shame and pity and memories of her father Agrippa, of Augustus her grandfather. She was the daughter-inâ\x80\x91law of Drusus, herself a wife of notable fruitfulness and shining chastity. There was also her little son, born in the camp and bred the playmate of the legions; whom soldier-like they had dubbed "Bootikins" â\x80\x94 Caligula â\x80\x94 because, as an appeal to the fancy of the rank and file, he generally wore the footgear of that name. Nothing, however, swayed them so much as their jealousy of the Treviri. They implored, they obstructed:â\x80\x94 "She must come back, she must stay," they urged; some running to intercept Agrippina, the majority hurrying back to Germanicus. Still smarting with grief and indignation, he stood in the centre of the crowd, and thus began:â\x80\x94 <
1.73 \xa0It will not be unremunerative to recall the first, tentative charges brought in the case of Falanius and Rubrius, two Roman knights of modest position; if only to show from what beginnings, thanks to the art of Tiberius, the accursed thing crept in, and, after a temporary check, at last broke out, an all-devouring conflagration. Against Falanius the accuser alleged that he had admitted a certain Cassius, mime and catamite, among the "votaries of Augustus," who were maintained, after the fashion of fraternities, in all the great houses: also, that when selling his gardens, he had parted with a statue of Augustus as well. To Rubrius the crime imputed was violation of the deity of Augustus by perjury. When the facts came to the knowledge of Tiberius, he wrote to the consuls that place in heaven had not been decreed to his father in order that the honour might be turned to the destruction of his countrymen. Cassius, the actor, with others of his trade, had regularly taken part in the games which his own mother had consecrated to the memory of Augustus; nor was it an act of sacrilege, if the effigies of that sovereign, like other images of other gods, went with the property, whenever a house or garden was sold. As to the perjury, it was on the same footing as if the defendant had taken the name of Jupiter in vain: the gods must look to their own wrongs. <
2.83 \xa0Affection and ingenuity vied in discovering and decreeing honours to Germanicus: his name was to be chanted in the Saliar Hymn; curule chairs surmounted by oaken crowns were to be set for him wherever the Augustal priests had right of place; his effigy in ivory was to lead the procession at the Circus Games, and no flamen or augur, unless of the Julian house, was to be created in his room. Arches were added, at Rome, on the Rhine bank, and on the Syrian mountain of Amanus, with an inscription recording his achievements and the fact that he had died for his country. There was to be a sepulchre in Antioch, where he had been cremated; a\xa0funeral monument in Epidaphne, the suburb in which he had breathed his last. His statues, and the localities in which his cult was to be practised, it would be difficult to enumerate. When it was proposed to give him a gold medallion, as remarkable for the size as for the material, among the portraits of the classic orators, Tiberius declared that he would dedicate one himself "of the customary type, and in keeping with the rest: for eloquence was not measured by fortune, and its distinction enough if he ranked with the old masters." The equestrian order renamed the soâ\x80\x91called "junior section" in their part of the theatre after Germanicus, and ruled that on the fifteenth of July the cavalcade should ride behind his portrait. Many of these compliments remain: others were discontinued immediately, or have lapsed with the years. <

3.4.2 \xa0The day on which the remains were consigned to the mausoleum of Augustus was alternately a desolation of silence and a turmoil of laments. The city-streets were full, the Campus Martius alight with torches. There the soldier in harness, the magistrate lacking his insignia, the burgher in his tribe, iterated the cry that "the commonwealth had fallen and hope was dead" too freely and too openly for it to be credible that they remembered their governors. Nothing, however, sank deeper into Tiberius\' breast than the kindling of men\'s enthusiasm for Agrippina â\x80\x94 "the glory of her country, the last scion of Augustus, the peerless pattern of ancient virtue." So they styled her; and, turning to heaven and the gods, prayed for the continuance of her issue â\x80\x94 "and might they survive their persecutors!" <' "
3.4 \xa0The day on which the remains were consigned to the mausoleum of Augustus was alternately a desolation of silence and a turmoil of laments. The city-streets were full, the Campus Martius alight with torches. There the soldier in harness, the magistrate lacking his insignia, the burgher in his tribe, iterated the cry that "the commonwealth had fallen and hope was dead" too freely and too openly for it to be credible that they remembered their governors. Nothing, however, sank deeper into Tiberius\' breast than the kindling of men\'s enthusiasm for Agrippina â\x80\x94 "the glory of her country, the last scion of Augustus, the peerless pattern of ancient virtue." So they styled her; and, turning to heaven and the gods, prayed for the continuance of her issue â\x80\x94 "and might they survive their persecutors!" <
3.18.2 \xa0Much in these suggestions was mitigated by the emperor. He would not have Piso's name cancelled from the records, when the names of Mark Antony, who had levied war on his fatherland, and of Iullus Antonius, who had dishonoured the hearth of Augustus, still remained. He exempted Marcus Piso from official degradation, and granted him his patrimony: for, as I\xa0have often said, he was firm enough against pecuniary temptations, and in the present case his shame at the acquittal of Plancina made him exceptionally lenient. So, again, when Valerius Messalinus proposed to erect a golden statue in the temple of Mars the Avenger, and Caecina Severus an altar of Vengeance, he vetoed the scheme, remarking that these memorials were consecrated after victories abroad; domestic calamities called for sorrow and concealment. Messalinus had added that Tiberius, Augusta, Antonia, Agrippina, and Drusus ought to be officially thanked for their services in avenging Germanicus: Claudius he had neglected to mention. Indeed, it was only when Lucius Asprenas demanded point-blank in the senate if the omission was deliberate that the name was appended. For myself, the more I\xa0reflect on events recent or remote, the more am\xa0I haunted by the sense of a mockery in human affairs. For by repute, by expectancy, and by veneration, all men were sooner marked out for sovereignty than that future emperor whom destiny was holding in the background. <" "3.18.3 \xa0Much in these suggestions was mitigated by the emperor. He would not have Piso's name cancelled from the records, when the names of Mark Antony, who had levied war on his fatherland, and of Iullus Antonius, who had dishonoured the hearth of Augustus, still remained. He exempted Marcus Piso from official degradation, and granted him his patrimony: for, as I\xa0have often said, he was firm enough against pecuniary temptations, and in the present case his shame at the acquittal of Plancina made him exceptionally lenient. So, again, when Valerius Messalinus proposed to erect a golden statue in the temple of Mars the Avenger, and Caecina Severus an altar of Vengeance, he vetoed the scheme, remarking that these memorials were consecrated after victories abroad; domestic calamities called for sorrow and concealment. Messalinus had added that Tiberius, Augusta, Antonia, Agrippina, and Drusus ought to be officially thanked for their services in avenging Germanicus: Claudius he had neglected to mention. Indeed, it was only when Lucius Asprenas demanded point-blank in the senate if the omission was deliberate that the name was appended. For myself, the more I\xa0reflect on events recent or remote, the more am\xa0I haunted by the sense of a mockery in human affairs. For by repute, by expectancy, and by veneration, all men were sooner marked out for sovereignty than that future emperor whom destiny was holding in the background. <" 4.15.3 \xa0The same year brought still another bereavement to the emperor, by removing one of the twin children of Drusus, and an equal affliction in the death of a friend. This was Lucilius Longus, his comrade in evil days and good, and the one member of the senate to share his isolation at Rhodes. Hence, in spite of his modest antecedents, a censorian funeral and a statue erected in the Forum of Augustus at the public expense were decreed to him by the Fathers, before whom, at that time, all questions were still dealt with; so much so, that Lucilius Capito, the procurator of Asia, was obliged, at the indictment of the province, to plead his cause before them, the emperor asserting forcibly that "any powers he had given to him extended merely to the slaves and revenues of the imperial domains; if he had usurped the governor\'s authority and used military force, it was a flouting of his orders: the provincials must be heard." The case was accordingly tried and the defendant condemned. In return for this act of retribution, as well as for the punishment meted out to Gaius Silanus the year before, the Asiatic cities decreed a temple to Tiberius, his mother, and the senate. Leave to build was granted, and Nero returned thanks on that score to the senate and his grandfather â\x80\x94 a\xa0pleasing sensation to his listeners, whose memory of Germanicus was fresh enough to permit the fancy that his were the features they saw and the accents to which they listened. The youth had, in fact, a modesty and beauty worthy of a prince: endowments the more attractive from the peril of their owner, since the hatred of Sejanus for him was notorious. <
12.1 \xa0The execution of Messalina shook the imperial household: for there followed a conflict among the freedmen, who should select a consort for Claudius, with his impatience of celibacy and his docility under wifely government. Nor was competition less fierce among the women: each paraded for comparison her nobility, her charms, and her wealth, and advertised them as worthy of that exalted alliance. The question, however, lay mainly between Lollia Paulina, daughter of the consular Marcus Lollius, and Julia Agrippina, the issue of Germanicus. The latter had the patronage of Pallas; the former, of Callistus; while Aelia Paetina, a Tubero by family, was favoured by Narcissus. The emperor, who leaned alternately to one or the other, according to the advocate whom he had heard the last, called the disputants into council, and ordered each to express his opinion and to add his reasons. <' "
12.3 \xa0His arguments prevailed, with help from the allurements of Agrippina. In a succession of visits, cloaked under the near relationship, she so effectually captivated her uncle that she displaced her rivals and anticipated the position by exercising the powers of a wife. For, once certain of her marriage, she began to amplify her schemes, and to intrigue for a match between Domitius, her son by Gnaeus Ahenobarbus, and the emperor's daughter Octavia. That result was not to be achieved without a crime, as the Caesar had plighted Octavia to Lucius Silanus, and had introduced the youth (who had yet other titles to fame) to the favourable notice of the multitude by decorating him with the triumphal insignia and by a magnificent exhibition of gladiators. Still, there seemed to be no insuperable difficulty in the temper of a prince who manifested neither approval nor dislike except as they were imposed upon him by orders. <" '12.4 \xa0Vitellius, therefore, able to screen his servile knaveries behind the title of Censor, and with a prophetic eye for impending tyrannies, wooed the good graces of Agrippina by identifying himself with her scheme and by producing charges against Silanus, whose sister â\x80\x94 fair and wayward, it is true â\x80\x94 had until recently been his own daughter-inâ\x80\x91law. This gave him the handle for his accusation, and he put an infamous construction on a fraternal love which was not incestuous but unguarded. The Caesar lent ear, affection for his daughter increasing his readiness to harbour doubts of her prospective husband. Silanus, ignorant of the plot, and, as it happened, praetor for the year, was suddenly by an edict of Vitellius removed from the senatorial order, though the list had long been complete and the lustrum closed. At the same time, Claudius cancelled the proposed alliance: Silanus was compelled to resign his magistracy, and the remaining day of his praetorship was conferred on Eprius Marcellus. < 12.5 \xa0In the consulate of Gaius Pompeius and Quintus Veranius, the union plighted between Claudius and Agrippina was already being rendered doubly sure by rumour and by illicit love. As yet, however, they lacked courage to celebrate the bridal solemnities, no precedent existing for the introduction of a brother\'s child into the house of her uncle. Moreover, the relationship was incest; and, if that fact were disregarded, it was feared that the upshot would be a national calamity. Hesitation was dropped only when Vitellius undertook to bring about the desired result by his own methods. He began by asking the Caesar if he would yield to the mandate of the people? â\x80\x94 to the authority of the senate? On receiving the answer that he was a citizen among citizens, and incompetent to resist their united will, he ordered him to wait inside the palace. He himself entered the curia. Asseverating that a vital interest of the country was in question, he demanded leave to speak first, and began by stating that "the extremely onerous labours of the sovereign, which embraced the management of a world, stood in need of support, so that he might pursue his deliberations for the public good, undisturbed by domestic anxiety. And what more decent solace to that truly censorian spirit than to take a wife, his partner in weal and woe, to whose charge might be committed his inmost thoughts and the little children of a prince unused to dissipation or to pleasure, but to submission to the law from his early youth?" < 12.6 \xa0As this engagingly worded preface was followed by flattering expressions of assent from the members, he took a fresh starting-point:â\x80\x94 "Since it was the universal advice that the emperor should marry, the choice ought to fall on a woman distinguished by nobility of birth, by experience of motherhood, and by purity of character. No long inquiry was needed to convince them that in the lustre of her family Agrippina came foremost: she had given proof of her fruitfulness, and her moral excellences harmonized with the rest. But the most gratifying point was that, by the dispensation of providence, the union would be between a widow and a prince with experience of no marriage-bed but his own. They had heard from their fathers, and they had seen for themselves, how wives were snatched away at the whim of the Caesars: such violence was far removed from the orderliness of the present arrangement. They were, in fact, to establish a precedent by which the emperor would accept his consort from the Roman people! â\x80\x94 Still, marriage with a brother\'s child, it might be said, was a novelty in Rome. â\x80\x94 But it was normal in other countries, and prohibited by no law; while marriage with cousins and second cousins, so long unknown, had with the progress of time become frequent. Usage accommodated itself to the claims of utility, and this innovation too would be among the conventions of toâ\x80\x91morrow." <' "12.7 \xa0Members were not lacking to rush from the curia, with emulous protestations that, if the emperor hesitated, they would proceed by force. A\xa0motley crowd flocked together, and clamoured that such also was the prayer of the Roman people. Waiting no longer, Claudius met them in the Forum, and offered himself to their felicitations, then entered the senate, and requested a decree legitimizing for the future also the union of uncles with their brothers' daughters. None the less, only a single enthusiast for that form of matrimony was discovered â\x80\x94 the Roman knight Alledius Severus, whose motive was generally said to have been desire for the favour of Agrippina. â\x80\x94 From this moment it was a changed state, and all things moved at the fiat of a woman â\x80\x94 but not a woman who, as Messalina, treated in wantonness the Roman Empire as a toy. It was a tight-drawn, almost masculine tyranny: in public, there was austerity and not infrequently arrogance; at home, no trace of unchastity, unless it might contribute to power. A\xa0limitless passion for gold had the excuse of being designed to create a bulwark of despotism. <" 12.66 \xa0Under the weight of anxiety, his health broke down, and he left for Sinuessa, to renovate his strength by the gentle climate and the medicinal springs. At once, Agrippina â\x80\x94 long resolved on murder, eager to seize the proffered occasion, and at no lack for assistants â\x80\x94 sought advice upon the type of poison. With a rapid and drastic drug, the crime, she feared, would be obvious: if she decided for a slow and wasting preparation, Claudius, face to face with his end and aware of her treachery, might experience a return of affection for his son. What commended itself was something recondite, which would derange his faculties while postponing his dissolution. An artist in this domain was selected â\x80\x94 a\xa0woman by the name of Locusta, lately sentenced on a poisoning charge, and long retained as part of the stock-in-trade of absolutism. Her ingenuity supplied a potion, administered by the eunuch Halotus, whose regular duty was to bring in and taste the dishes. <
1
3.4 \xa0However, when the mockeries of sorrow had been carried to their close, he entered the curia; and, after an opening reference to the authority of the Fathers and the uimity of the army, stated that "he had before him advice and examples pointing him to an admirable system of government. Nor had his youth been poisoned by civil war or family strife: he brought to his task no hatreds, no wrongs, no desire for vengeance. He then outlined the character of the coming principate, the points which had provoked recent and intense dissatisfaction being specially discounteced:â\x80\x94 "He would not constitute himself a judge of all cases, secluding accusers and defendants within the same four walls and allowing the influence of a\xa0few individuals to run riot. Under his roof would be no venality, no loophole for intrigue: the palace and the state would be things separate. Let the senate retain its old prerogatives! Let Italy and the public provinces take their stand before the judgement-seats of the consuls, and let the consuls grant them access to the Fathers: for the armies delegated to his charge he would himself be responsible." <' "
14.5 \xa0A\xa0starlit night and the calm of an unruffled sea appeared to have been sent by Heaven to afford proof of guilt. The ship had made no great way, and two of Agrippina's household were in attendance, Crepereius Gallus standing not far from the tiller, while Acerronia, bending over the feet of the recumbent princess, recalled exultantly the penitence of the son and the re-entry of the mother into favour. Suddenly the signal was given: the canopy above them, which had been heavily weighted with lead, dropped, and Crepereius was crushed and killed on the spot. Agrippina and Acerronia were saved by the height of the couch-sides, which, as it happened, were too solid to give way under the impact. Nor did the break-up of the vessel follow: for confusion was universal, and even the men accessory to the plot were impeded by the large numbers of the ignorant. The crew then decided to throw their weight on one side and so capsize the ship; but, even on their own part, agreement came too slowly for a sudden emergency, and a counter-effort by others allowed the victims a gentler fall into the waves. Acerronia, however, incautious enough to raise the cry that she was Agrippina, and to demand aid for the emperor's mother, was despatched with poles, oars, and every nautical weapon that came to hand. Agrippina, silent and so not generally recognised, though she received one wound in the shoulder, swam until she was met by a\xa0few fishing-smacks, and so reached the Lucrine lake, whence she was carried into her own villa. <" 14.7 \xa0Meanwhile, as Nero was waiting for the messengers who should announce the doing of the deed, there came the news that she had escaped with a wound from a light blow, after running just sufficient risk to leave no doubt as to its author. Half-dead with terror, he protested that any moment she would be here, hot for vengeance. And whether she armed her slaves or inflamed the troops, or made her way to the senate and the people, and charged him with the wreck, her wound, and the slaying of her friends, what counter-resource was at his own disposal? Unless there was hope in Seneca and Burrus! He had summoned them immediately: whether to test their feeling, or as cognizant already of the secret, is questionable. â\x80\x94 There followed, then, a long silence on the part of both: either they were reluctant to dissuade in vain, or they believed matters to have reached a point at which Agrippina must be forestalled or Nero perish. After a time, Seneca so far took the lead as to glance at Burrus and inquire if the fatal order should be given to the military. His answer was that the guards, pledged as they were to the Caesarian house as a whole, and attached to the memory of Germanicus, would flinch from drastic measures against his issue: Anicetus must redeem his promise. He, without any hesitation, asked to be given full charge of the crime. The words brought from Nero a declaration that that day presented him with an empire, and that he had a freedman to thank for so great a boon: Anicetus must go with speed and take an escort of men distinguished for implicit obedience to orders. He himself, on hearing that Agermus had come with a message from Agrippina, anticipated it by setting the stage for a charge of treason, threw a sword at his feet while he was doing his errand, then ordered his arrest as an assassin caught in the act; his intention being to concoct a tale that his mother had practised against the imperial life and taken refuge in suicide from the shame of detection. <
16.7.1 \xa0To the death of Poppaea, outwardly regretted, but welcome to all who remembered her profligacy and cruelty, Nero added a fresh measure of odium by prohibiting Gaius Cassius from attendance at the funeral. It was the first hint of mischief. Nor was the mischief long delayed. Silanus was associated with him; their only crime being that Cassius was eminent for a great hereditary fortune and an austere character, Silanus for a noble lineage and a temperate youth. Accordingly, the emperor sent a speech to the senate, arguing that both should be removed from public life, and objecting to the former that, among his other ancestral effigies, he had honoured a bust of Gaius Cassius, inscribed:â\x80\x94 "To the leader of the cause." The seeds of civil war, and revolt from the house of the Caesars, â\x80\x94 such were the objects he had pursued. And, not to rely merely on the memory of a hated name as an incentive to faction, he had taken to himself a partner in Lucius Silanus, a youth of noble family and headstrong temper, who was to be his figure-head for a revolution.
16.16.2 \xa0Even had\xa0I been narrating campaigns abroad and lives laid down for the commonwealth, and narrating them with the same uniformity of incident, I\xa0should myself have lost appetite for the task, and I\xa0should expect the tedium of others, repelled by the tale of Roman deaths, honourable perhaps, but tragic and continuous. As it is, this slave-like patience and the profusion of blood wasted at home weary the mind and oppress it with melancholy. The one concession I\xa0would ask from those who shall study these records is that they would permit me not to hate the men who died with so little spirit! It was the anger of Heaven against the Roman realm â\x80\x94 an anger which you cannot, as in the case of beaten armies or captured towns, mention once and for all and proceed upon your way. Let us make this concession to the memory of the nobly born: that, as in the last rites they are distinguished from the vulgar dead, so, when history records their end, each shall receive and keep his special mention. <
16.21.1 \xa0After the slaughter of so many of the noble, Nero in the end conceived the ambition to extirpate virtue herself by killing Thrasea Paetus and Barea Soranus. To both he was hostile from of old, and against Thrasea there were additional motives; for he had walked out of the senate, as I\xa0have mentioned, during the discussion on Agrippina, and at the festival of the Juvenalia his services had not been conspicuous â\x80\x94 a\xa0grievance which went the deeper that in Patavium, his native place, the same Thrasea had sung in tragic costume at the .\xa0.\xa0. Games instituted by the Trojan Antenor. Again, on the day when sentence of death was all but passed on the praetor Antistius for his lampoons on Nero, he proposed, and carried, a milder penalty; and, after deliberately absenting himself from the vote of divine honours to Poppaea, he had not assisted at her funeral. These memories were kept from fading by Cossutianus Capito. For, apart from his character with its sharp trend to crime, he was embittered against Thrasea, whose influence, exerted in support of the Cilician envoys prosecuting Capito for extortion, had cost him the verdict. 16.21.2 \xa0After the slaughter of so many of the noble, Nero in the end conceived the ambition to extirpate virtue herself by killing Thrasea Paetus and Barea Soranus. To both he was hostile from of old, and against Thrasea there were additional motives; for he had walked out of the senate, as I\xa0have mentioned, during the discussion on Agrippina, and at the festival of the Juvenalia his services had not been conspicuous â\x80\x94 a\xa0grievance which went the deeper that in Patavium, his native place, the same Thrasea had sung in tragic costume at the .\xa0.\xa0. Games instituted by the Trojan Antenor. Again, on the day when sentence of death was all but passed on the praetor Antistius for his lampoons on Nero, he proposed, and carried, a milder penalty; and, after deliberately absenting himself from the vote of divine honours to Poppaea, he had not assisted at her funeral. These memories were kept from fading by Cossutianus Capito. For, apart from his character with its sharp trend to crime, he was embittered against Thrasea, whose influence, exerted in support of the Cilician envoys prosecuting Capito for extortion, had cost him the verdict. <
16.35 \xa0He now walked on to the colonnade; where the quaestor found him nearer to joy than to sorrow, because he had ascertained that Helvidius, his son-inâ\x80\x91law, was merely debarred from Italy. Then, taking the decree of the senate, he led Helvidius and Demetrius into his bedroom, offered the arteries of both arms to the knife, and, when the blood had begun to flow, sprinkled it upon the ground, and called the quaestor nearer: "We are making a libation," he said, "to Jove the Liberator. Look, young man, and â\x80\x94 may Heaven, indeed, avert the omen, but you have been born into times now it is expedient to steel the mind with instances of firmness." Soon, as the slowness of his end brought excruciating pain, turning his gaze upon Demetrius\xa0.\xa0.\xa0.'' None
61. None, None, nan (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • familia • family, imperial

 Found in books: Shannon-Henderson (2019), Power Play in Latin Love Elegy and its Multiple Forms of Continuity in Ovid’s , 342; Tuori (2016), The Emperor of Law: The Emergence of Roman Imperial Adjudication<, 109
62. None, None, nan (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Family • children, family

 Found in books: Penniman (2017), Raised on Christian Milk: Food and the Formation of the Soul in Early Christianity, 44; Rothschold, Blanton and Calhoun (2014), The History of Religions School Today : Essays on the New Testament and Related Ancient Mediterranean Texts 246
63. None, None, nan (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Roman Empire/sociopolitical realm as a family • domus Augusta (imperial family), and Augustus • domus Augusta (imperial family), and Tiberius • imperial family

 Found in books: Erker (2023), Ambiguity and Religion in Ovid’s Fasti: Religious Innovation and the Imperial Family, 168, 169, 200; Fertik (2019), The Ruler's House: Contesting Power and Privacy in Julio-Claudian Rome, 48; Peppard (2011), The Son of God in the Roman World: Divine Sonship in its Social and Political Context, 62, 63
64. None, None, nan (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Family • family, in Roman society

 Found in books: Moss (2012), Ancient Christian Martyrdom: Diverse Practices, Theologies, and Traditions, 137; Rothschold, Blanton and Calhoun (2014), The History of Religions School Today : Essays on the New Testament and Related Ancient Mediterranean Texts 246
65. None, None, nan (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • adaptive family strategies • family

 Found in books: Gunderson (2022), The Social Worlds of Ancient Jews and Christians: Essays in Honor of L. Michael White, 142; Tacoma (2016), Models from the Past in Roman Culture: A World of Exempla, 200
66. None, None, nan (1st cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • family • marriage, family law

 Found in books: Hayes (2022), The Literature of the Sages: A Re-Visioning, 364; Herman, Rubenstein (2018), The Aggada of the Bavli and Its Cultural World. 94
67. None, None, nan (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Family • family ideology readiness to extend relationships, • family, of God

 Found in books: Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 315; Peppard (2011), The Son of God in the Roman World: Divine Sonship in its Social and Political Context, 140; Weissenrieder (2016), Borders: Terminologies, Ideologies, and Performances 366
68. None, None, nan (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Holy Family • family

 Found in books: Farag (2021), What Makes a Church Sacred? Legal and Ritual Perspectives from Late Antiquity, 169, 170; Gunderson (2022), The Social Worlds of Ancient Jews and Christians: Essays in Honor of L. Michael White, 249
69. None, None, nan (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Mark, Gospel of familial ties and genealogy in • epitaphs, family relationships and • family • family structure

 Found in books: Cadwallader (2016), Stones, Bones and the Sacred: Essays on Material Culture and Religion in Honor of Dennis E, 181; Peppard (2011), The Son of God in the Roman World: Divine Sonship in its Social and Political Context, 127
70. None, None, nan (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Cornelii Scipiones, senatorial family • Lucretii Valentes, family from Pompeii • familia • family, married couples

 Found in books: Bruun and Edmondson (2015), The Oxford Handbook of Roman Epigraphy, 95; Waldner et al. (2016), Burial Rituals, Ideas of Afterlife, and the Individual in the Hellenistic World and the Roman Empire, 110
71. None, None, nan (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Cornelii Scipiones, senatorial family • Rome (Ancient), prominent families

 Found in books: Bruun and Edmondson (2015), The Oxford Handbook of Roman Epigraphy, 92; Galinsky (2016), Memory in Ancient Rome and Early Christianity, 181
72. Cassius Dio, Roman History, 51.19.7 (2nd cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • birthdays of the members of the imperial family • family

 Found in books: Erker (2023), Ambiguity and Religion in Ovid’s Fasti: Religious Innovation and the Imperial Family, 217; Tuori (2016), The Emperor of Law: The Emergence of Roman Imperial Adjudication<, 105

sup>
51.19.7 \xa0also that he should judge appealed cases, and that in all the courts his vote was to be cast as Athena's vote. The priests and priestesses also in their prayers in behalf of the people and the senate were to pray for him likewise, and at all banquets, not only public but private as well, everybody was to pour a libation to him."" None
73. Pausanias, Description of Greece, 6.17.6 (2nd cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Alcmeon, mythic family of • divination, mantic families • families, great tragic

 Found in books: Jouanna (2018), Sophocles: A Study of His Theater in Its Political and Social Context, 121; Tor (2017), Mortal and Divine in Early Greek Epistemology, 115

sup>
6.17.6 εἶναι δὲ καὶ μάντις ὁ Ἐπέραστος τοῦ Κλυτιδῶν γένους φησὶν ἐπὶ τοῦ ἐπιγράμματος τῇ τελευτῇ, τῶν δʼ ἱερογλώσσων Κλυτιδᾶν γένος εὔχομαι εἶναι μάντις, ἀπʼ ἰσοθέων αἷμα Μελαμποδιδᾶν. Μελάμποδος γὰρ ἦν τοῦ Ἀμυθάονος Μάντιος, τοῦ δὲ Ὀικλῆς, Κλυτίος δὲ Ἀλκμαίωνος τοῦ Ἀμφιαράου τοῦ Ὀϊκλέους· ἐγεγόνει δὲ τῷ Ἀλκμαίωνι ὁ Κλυτίος ἐκ τῆς Φηγέως θυγατρὸς καὶ ἐς τὴν Ἦλιν μετῴκησε, τοῖς ἀδελφοῖς εἶναι τῆς μητρὸς σύνοικος φεύγων, ἅτε τοῦ Ἀλκμαίωνος ἐπιστάμενος σφᾶς εἰργασμένους τὸν φόνον.'' None		sup>
6.17.6 That he was the soothsayer of the clan of the Clytidae, Eperastus declares at the end of the inscription: of the stock of the sacred-tongued Clytidae I boast to be, Their soothsayer, the scion of the god-like Melampodidae. For Mantius was a son of Melampus, the son of Amythaon, and he had a son Oicles, while Clytius was a son of Alcmaeon, the son of Amphiaraus, the son of Oicles. Clytius was the son of Alcmaeon by the daughter of Phegeus, and he migrated to Elis because he shrank from living with his mother's brothers, knowing that they had compassed the murder of Alcmaeon."" None
74. None, None, nan (2nd cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Family, of Moses • codes, family, sexuality, cosmetics, attitude towards • codes, family, sexuality, effeminacy • codes, family, sexuality, masculinity/feminity • family, children • family, divinity as father

 Found in books: Gray (2021), Gregory of Nyssa as Biographer: Weaving Lives for Virtuous Readers, 106; Rüpke and Woolf (2013), Religious Dimensions of the Self in the Second Century CE. 79, 80
75. None, None, nan (2nd cent. CE - missingth cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Family • family

 Found in books: Rothschold, Blanton and Calhoun (2014), The History of Religions School Today : Essays on the New Testament and Related Ancient Mediterranean Texts 219; Tanaseanu-Döbler and von Alvensleben (2020), Athens II: Athens in Late Antiquity, 230
76. Babylonian Talmud, Shabbat, None (3rd cent. CE - 6th cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Families • mater familias/matrona

 Found in books: Eliav (2023), A Jew in the Roman Bathhouse: Cultural Interaction in the Ancient Mediterranean, 136; McGinn (2004), The Economy of Prostitution in the Roman world: A study of Social History & The Brothel. 251

33b על המעשר ר\' אלעזר בר\' יוסי אומר על לשון הרע אמר רבא ואיתימא ריב"ל מאי קראה (תהלים סג, יב) והמלך ישמח באלהים יתהלל כל הנשבע בו כי יסכר פי דוברי שקר,איבעיא להו רבי אלעזר ברבי יוסי על לשון הרע קאמר או דילמא אף על לשון הרע נמי קאמר ת"ש כשנכנסו רבותינו לכרם ביבנה היה שם רבי יהודה ור\' אלעזר בר\' יוסי ור"ש נשאלה שאלה זו בפניהם מכה זו מפני מה מתחלת בבני מעיים וגומרת בפה נענה רבי יהודה ברבי אלעאי ראש המדברים בכל מקום ואמר אע"פ שכליות יועצות ולב מבין ולשון מחתך פה גומר נענה רבי אלעזר ברבי יוסי ואמר מפני שאוכלין בה דברים טמאין דברים טמאים סלקא דעתך אלא שאוכלין בה דברים שאינן מתוקנים נענה ר\' שמעון ואמר בעון ביטול תורה,אמרו לו נשים יוכיחו שמבטלות את בעליהן נכרים יוכיחו שמבטלין את ישראל תינוקות יוכיחו שמבטלין את אביהן תינוקות של בית רבן יוכיחו,התם כדרבי גוריון דאמר רבי גוריון ואיתימא רב יוסף ברבי שמעיה בזמן שהצדיקים בדור צדיקים נתפסים על הדור אין צדיקים בדור תינוקות של בית רבן נתפסים על הדור א"ר יצחק בר זעירי ואמרי לה א"ר שמעון בן נזירא מאי קראה (שיר השירים א, ח) אם לא תדעי לך היפה בנשים צאי לך בעקבי הצאן וגו\' ואמרינן גדיים הממושכנין על הרועים ש"מ אף על לשון הרע נמי קאמר ש"מ,ואמאי קרו ליה ראש המדברים בכל מקום דיתבי רבי יהודה ורבי יוסי ורבי שמעון ויתיב יהודה בן גרים גבייהו פתח ר\' יהודה ואמר כמה נאים מעשיהן של אומה זו תקנו שווקים תקנו גשרים תקנו מרחצאות ר\' יוסי שתק נענה רשב"י ואמר כל מה שתקנו לא תקנו אלא לצורך עצמן תקנו שווקין להושיב בהן זונות מרחצאות לעדן בהן עצמן גשרים ליטול מהן מכס הלך יהודה בן גרים וסיפר דבריהם ונשמעו למלכות אמרו יהודה שעילה יתעלה יוסי ששתק יגלה לציפורי שמעון שגינה יהרג,אזל הוא ובריה טשו בי מדרשא כל יומא הוה מייתי להו דביתהו ריפתא וכוזא דמיא וכרכי כי תקיף גזירתא א"ל לבריה נשים דעתן קלה עליהן דילמא מצערי לה ומגליא לן אזלו טשו במערתא איתרחיש ניסא איברי להו חרובא ועינא דמיא והוו משלחי מנייהו והוו יתבי עד צוארייהו בחלא כולי יומא גרסי בעידן צלויי לבשו מיכסו ומצלו והדר משלחי מנייהו כי היכי דלא ליבלו איתבו תריסר שני במערתא אתא אליהו וקם אפיתחא דמערתא אמר מאן לודעיה לבר יוחי דמית קיסר ובטיל גזירתיה,נפקו חזו אינשי דקא כרבי וזרעי אמר מניחין חיי עולם ועוסקין בחיי שעה כל מקום שנותנין עיניהן מיד נשרף יצתה בת קול ואמרה להם להחריב עולמי יצאתם חיזרו למערתכם הדור אזול איתיבו תריסר ירחי שתא אמרי משפט רשעים בגיהנם י"ב חדש יצתה בת קול ואמרה צאו ממערתכם נפקו כל היכא דהוה מחי ר\' אלעזר הוה מסי ר"ש אמר לו בני די לעולם אני ואתה,בהדי פניא דמעלי שבתא חזו ההוא סבא דהוה נקיט תרי מדאני אסא ורהיט בין השמשות אמרו ליה הני למה לך אמר להו לכבוד שבת ותיסגי לך בחד חד כנגד (שמות כ, ז) זכור וחד כנגד (דברים ה, יא) שמור א"ל לבריה חזי כמה חביבין מצות על ישראל יתיב דעתייהו,שמע ר\' פנחס בן יאיר חתניה ונפק לאפיה עייליה לבי בניה הוה קא אריך ליה לבישריה חזי דהוה ביה פילי בגופיה הוה קא בכי וקא נתרו דמעת עיניה וקמצוחא ליה א"ל אוי לי שראיתיך בכך א"ל אשריך שראיתני בכך שאילמלא לא ראיתני בכך לא מצאת בי כך דמעיקרא כי הוה מקשי ר"ש בן יוחי קושיא הוה מפרק ליה ר\' פנחס בן יאיר תריסר פירוקי לסוף כי הוה מקשי ר"פ בן יאיר קושיא הוה מפרק ליה רשב"י עשרין וארבעה פירוקי,אמר הואיל ואיתרחיש ניסא איזיל אתקין מילתא דכתיב (בראשית לג, יח) ויבא יעקב שלם ואמר רב שלם בגופו שלם בממונו שלם בתורתו (בראשית לג, יח) ויחן את פני העיר אמר רב מטבע תיקן להם ושמואל אמר שווקים תיקן להם ור\' יוחנן אמר מרחצאות תיקן להם אמר איכא מילתא דבעי לתקוני אמרו ליה איכא דוכתא דאית ביה ספק טומאה'' None33b for neglecting to separate tithes. Rabbi Elazar, son of Rabbi Yosei, says: Askara comes as punishment for slander. Rava said, and some say that it was Rabbi Yehoshua ben Levi who said it: What is the verse that alludes to this? “But the king shall rejoice in God; every one that swears by Him shall glory; for the mouth of them that speak lies shall be stopped” (Psalms 63:12). The punishment for lying is that the mouth will be stopped. Askara affects the mouth along with other parts of the body.,A dilemma was raised before those who were sitting in the study hall: Did Rabbi Elazar, son of Rabbi Yosei, say that askara comes as punishment only for slander, or perhaps he said it was also for slander? Come and hear a resolution to this dilemma from that which was taught in a baraita: When our Sages entered the vineyard in Yavne, Rabbi Yehuda, and Rabbi Elazar, son of Rabbi Yosei, and Rabbi Shimon were there, and a question was asked before them with regard to this plague of askara: Why does it begin in the intestines and end in the mouth? Rabbi Yehuda, son of Rabbi Ila’i, who was the head of the speakers in every place, responded and said: Even though the kidneys advise, and the heart understands, and the tongue shapes the voice that emerges from the mouth, still, the mouth completes the formation of the voice. Therefore, the disease begins in the same place that slander begins and it ends in the mouth. Rabbi Elazar, son of Rabbi Yosei, responded and said: This disease ends in the mouth because one eats with it non-kosher things. They immediately wondered about this: Does it enter your mind to say that askara is caused by eating non-kosher food? Are those who eat non-kosher food so numerous? Rather, it comes as a punishment for eating foods that were not ritually prepared, i.e., were not tithed. Rabbi Shimon responded and said: This disease comes as a punishment for the sin of dereliction in the study of Torah.,They said to him: Women will prove that dereliction in the study of Torah is not the cause, as they are not obligated to study Torah and, nevertheless, they contract askara. He answered them: They are punished because they cause their husbands to be idle from the study of Torah. They said to him: Gentiles will prove that this is not the cause, as they also contract askara even though they are not obligated to study Torah. He answered them: They are also punished because they cause Israel to be idle from the study of Torah. They said to him: Children will prove that this is not the cause, for they are not at all obligated to study Torah and they also suffer from askara. He answered them: They are punished because they cause their fathers to be idle from the study of Torah. They said to him: School children will prove that this is not the cause, as they study Torah and, nevertheless, they suffer from askara.,The Gemara answers: There, it must be understood in accordance with the statement of Rabbi Guryon, as Rabbi Guryon said, and some say that it was Rav Yosef, son of Rabbi Shemaya, who said it: At a time when there are righteous people in the generation, the righteous are seized, i.e., they die or suffer, for the sins of the generation. If there are no righteous people in the generation, school children, who are also without sin, are seized for the sins of the generation. Rabbi Yitzḥak bar Ze’iri said, and some say that Rabbi Shimon ben Nezira said: What is the verse that alludes to this? “If you know not, you fairest among women, go your way forth by the footsteps of the flock and feed your kids, beside the shepherds’ tents mishkenot” (Song of Songs 1:8). And we say in explanation of this verse: They are the lambs that are taken as collateral hamemushkanin, which is etymologically similar to the word mishkenot, in place of the shepherds. If the shepherds and leaders of the generation corrupt the multitudes, young children die because of their sins. With regard to the dilemma, conclude from it that Rabbi Elazar, son of Rabbi Yosei, said that the illness of askara also results from slander, as the baraita provides an additional cause of the illness. The Gemara comments: Indeed, conclude from it.,In this baraita Rabbi Yehuda is described as head of the speakers in every place. The Gemara asks: And why did they call him head of the speakers in every place? The Gemara relates that this resulted due to an incident that took place when Rabbi Yehuda and Rabbi Yosei and Rabbi Shimon were sitting, and Yehuda, son of converts, sat beside them. Rabbi Yehuda opened and said: How pleasant are the actions of this nation, the Romans, as they established marketplaces, established bridges, and established bathhouses. Rabbi Yosei was silent. Rabbi Shimon ben Yoḥai responded and said: Everything that they established, they established only for their own purposes. They established marketplaces, to place prostitutes in them; bathhouses, to pamper themselves; and bridges, to collect taxes from all who pass over them. Yehuda, son of converts, went and related their statements to his household, and those statements continued to spread until they were heard by the monarchy. They ruled and said: Yehuda, who elevated the Roman regime, shall be elevated and appointed as head of the Sages, the head of the speakers in every place. Yosei, who remained silent, shall be exiled from his home in Judea as punishment, and sent to the city of Tzippori in the Galilee. And Shimon, who denounced the government, shall be killed.,Rabbi Shimon bar Yoḥai and his son, Rabbi Elazar, went and hid in the study hall. Every day Rabbi Shimon’s wife would bring them bread and a jug of water and they would eat. When the decree intensified, Rabbi Shimon said to his son: Women are easily impressionable and, therefore, there is room for concern lest the authorities torture her and she reveal our whereabouts. They went and they hid in a cave. A miracle occurred and a carob tree was created for them as well as a spring of water. They would remove their clothes and sit covered in sand up to their necks. They would study Torah all day in that manner. At the time of prayer, they would dress, cover themselves, and pray, and they would again remove their clothes afterward so that they would not become tattered. They sat in the cave for twelve years. Elijah the Prophet came and stood at the entrance to the cave and said: Who will inform bar Yoḥai that the emperor died and his decree has been abrogated?,They emerged from the cave, and saw people who were plowing and sowing. Rabbi Shimon bar Yoḥai said: These people abandon eternal life of Torah study and engage in temporal life for their own sustece. The Gemara relates that every place that Rabbi Shimon and his son Rabbi Elazar directed their eyes was immediately burned. A Divine Voice emerged and said to them: Did you emerge from the cave in order to destroy My world? Return to your cave. They again went and sat there for twelve months. They said: The judgment of the wicked in Gehenna lasts for twelve months. Surely their sin was atoned in that time. A Divine Voice emerged and said to them: Emerge from your cave. They emerged. Everywhere that Rabbi Elazar would strike, Rabbi Shimon would heal. Rabbi Shimon said to Rabbi Elazar: My son, you and I suffice for the entire world, as the two of us are engaged in the proper study of Torah.,As the sun was setting on Shabbat eve, they saw an elderly man who was holding two bundles of myrtle branches and running at twilight. They said to him: Why do you have these? He said to them: In honor of Shabbat. They said to him: And let one suffice. He answered them: One is corresponding to: “Remember the Shabbat day, to keep it holy” (Exodus 20:8), and one is corresponding to: “Observe the Shabbat day, to keep it holy” (Deuteronomy 5:12). Rabbi Shimon said to his son: See how beloved the mitzvot are to Israel. Their minds were put at ease and they were no longer as upset that people were not engaged in Torah study.,Rabbi Pineḥas ben Ya’ir, Rabbi Shimon’s son-in-law, heard and went out to greet him. He brought him into the bathhouse and began tending to his flesh. He saw that Rabbi Shimon had cracks in the skin on his body. He was crying, and the tears fell from his eyes and caused Rabbi Shimon pain. Rabbi Pineḥas said to Rabbi Shimon, his father-in-law: Woe is me, that I have seen you like this. Rabbi Shimon said to him: Happy are you that you have seen me like this, as had you not seen me like this, you would not have found in me this prominence in Torah, as the Gemara relates: At first, when Rabbi Shimon ben Yoḥai would raise a difficulty, Rabbi Pineḥas ben Ya’ir would respond to his question with twelve answers. Ultimately, when Rabbi Pineḥas ben Ya’ir would raise a difficulty, Rabbi Shimon ben Yoḥai would respond with twenty-four answers.,Rabbi Shimon said: Since a miracle transpired for me, I will go and repair something for the sake of others in gratitude for God’s kindness, as it is written: “And Jacob came whole to the city of Shechem, which is in the land of Canaan, when he came from Paddan-aram; and he graced the countece of the city” (Genesis 33:18). Rav said, the meaning of: And Jacob came whole, is: Whole in his body, whole in his money, whole in his Torah. And what did he do? And he graced the countece of the city; he performed gracious acts to benefit the city. Rav said: Jacob established a currency for them. And Shmuel said: He established marketplaces for them. And Rabbi Yoḥa said: He established bathhouses for them. In any event, clearly one for whom a miracle transpires should perform an act of kindness for his neighbors as a sign of gratitude. He said: Is there something that needs repair? They said to him: There is a place where there is uncertainty with regard to ritual impurity'' None
77. None, None, nan (4th cent. CE - 4th cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Family, of Gregory and Macrina • landowner, family estates

 Found in books: Gray (2021), Gregory of Nyssa as Biographer: Weaving Lives for Virtuous Readers, 7; Mitchell and Pilhofer (2019), Early Christianity in Asia Minor and Cyprus: From the Margins to the Mainstream, 26
78. None, None, nan (4th cent. CE - 4th cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Family, ideal relationships • Family, of Gregory and Macrina • Rome, family values

 Found in books: Gray (2021), Gregory of Nyssa as Biographer: Weaving Lives for Virtuous Readers, 95, 96, 99; Penniman (2017), Raised on Christian Milk: Food and the Formation of the Soul in Early Christianity, 159
79. None, None, nan (4th cent. CE - 4th cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • family • family, marriage and children • family, origin • schools, as family

 Found in books: Brakke, Satlow, Weitzman (2005), Religion and the Self in Antiquity. 237; Breytenbach and Tzavella (2022), Early Christianity in Athens, Attica, and Adjacent Areas, 123; Tanaseanu-Döbler and von Alvensleben (2020), Athens II: Athens in Late Antiquity, 158, 159
80. None, None, nan (4th cent. CE - 5th cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Hygieia, and Asklepioss family members • family • family, marriage and children

 Found in books: Renberg (2017), Where Dreams May Come: Incubation Sanctuaries in the Greco-Roman World, 118; Tanaseanu-Döbler and von Alvensleben (2020), Athens II: Athens in Late Antiquity, 267, 402
81. None, None, nan (5th cent. CE - 5th cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Ambrose, aristocratic family • family

 Found in books: Esler (2000), The Early Christian World, 1178; Tanaseanu-Döbler and von Alvensleben (2020), Athens II: Athens in Late Antiquity, 267
82. Aeschines, Or., 2.78
 Tagged with subjects: • families, Aeschines • families, noble • family defence • family tradition

 Found in books: Barbato (2020), The Ideology of Democratic Athens: Institutions, Orators and the Mythical Past, 48; Martin (2009), Divine Talk: Religious Argumentation in Demosthenes, 68, 178, 180

sup>
2.78 for Atrometus our father, whom you slander, though you do not know him and never saw what a man he was in his prime—you, Demosthenes, a descendant through your mother of the nomad Scythians—our father went into exile in the time of the Thirty, and later helped to restore the democracy; while our mother's brother, our uncle Cleobulus, the son of Glaucus of the deme Acharnae, was with Demaenetus of the family of the Buzygae, when he won the naval victory over Cheilon the Lacedaemonian admiral. The sufferings of the city were therefore a household word with us, familiar to my ears."" None
83. Demosthenes, Orations, 19.199, 19.237, 19.249, 25.79
 Tagged with subjects: • Aischines, date of birth, and family • Plato, family • families, Aeschines

 Found in books: Humphreys (2018), Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis, 121, 467, 698; Martin (2009), Divine Talk: Religious Argumentation in Demosthenes, 63, 64, 66

sup>
19.199 With all this on his conscience the unclean scoundrel will dare to look you in the face, and before long he will be declaiming in sonorous accents about his blameless life. It makes me choke with rage. As if the jury did not know all about you: first the acolyte, the acolyte, etc.: see Dem. 18.259 ff. reading the service-books while your mother performed her hocus-pocus, reeling and tumbling, child as you were, with bacchanals and tipsy worshippers;
19.237 Perhaps he will find a brother to speak for him, Philochares or Aphobetus; to both of whom there is much that you can say with justice. (One must converse quite frankly, without any reserve.) We, Aphobetus and Philochares, although you, Philochares, were a painter of alabaster boxes and tambourines, and your brothers ordinary people, junior clerks and the like,—respectable occupations, but hardly suitable for commanding officers,—we, I say, dignified you with embassies, commands as generals, and other high distinctions.
19.249 He forgot the ship that saves; forgot that embarked in her his own mother, performing her rites, scouring her candidates, making her pittance from the substance of her employers, here reared her hopeful brood to greatness. Here, too, his father, who kept an infant-school, lived as best he could,—next door to Heros the physician, Heros the Physician: or the Hero Physician; see Dem. 18.129, and note. as I am told by elderly informants,—anyhow, he lived in this city. The offspring of this pair earned a little money as junior clerks and messengers in the public offices, until, by your favor, they became full-fledged clerks, with free maintece for two years in the Rotunda. The Prytaneum or Town Hall. Finally, from this same city Aeschines received his commission as ambassador.
25.79 No; I am wrong. He has a brother, who is present here in court and who brought that precious action against him. What need to say anything about him? He is own brother to the defendant, born of the same father and mother, and, to add to his misfortunes, he is his twin. It was this brother—I pass over the other facts—who got possession of the drugs and charms from the servant of Theoris of Lemnos, the filthy sorceress whom you put to death on that account with all her family.'' None
84. Epigraphy, Ig Ii2, 847, 1199, 2492, 3474, 3484
 Tagged with subjects: • Aischines, date of birth, and family • Lykourgos, family and kin • Olympian family • Priestesses, familial and ficial status of • archives, private and family

 Found in books: Connelly (2007), Portrait of a Priestess: Women and Ritual in Ancient Greece, 60, 144, 242; Halser (2020), Archival Historiography in Jewish Antiquity, 147; Humphreys (2018), Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis, 418, 711, 1080, 1216; Pirenne-Delforge and Pironti (2022), The Hera of Zeus: Intimate Enemy, Ultimate Spouse, 263

sup>
847 In the archonship of Diokles (214/3), in the thirteenth prytany, of HippothontisXI, for which Aristophanes son of Stratokles of KeiriadaiXI was secretary. Decrees of the Council. On (5) the third of Skirophorion, the third of the prytany. Council in the Council chamber. of the presiding committee Phanokles son of Hippomachos of Angele was putting to the vote, and his fellow presiding committee members. The Council and the People decided. (10) Demokrates son of Sounieus of Kolonai proposed: since the managers (epimelētai) of the Mysteries elected for the year of Diokles\' archonship made the sacrifices, which are proper to them during the year to Demeter and the Girl (Korēi) and the other gods (15) to whom it is traditional on behalf of the Council and People and the children and women, and sacrificed the preliminary sacrifices (prothumata) which are required, and prepared the cart (zeugos) at their own expense for the conveyance of the holy things, and donated to the Council what (money) had been allocated to them for the cost of the cart, (20) and managed the drive to the sea (tēs halade elaseōs) and the reception of Iakchos at Eleusis, and likewise the Mysteries that took place by Agrai twice in the year because of the celebration of the Eleusinia, and despatched to the (25) Eleusinia a bull for sacrifice, and distributed the meat to the Council of six hundred and fifty, and concerning all these things they returned accounts (logous) to the auditors (logistas) and to the Metroon and rendered accounts (euthunas) in (30) the jury court according to the laws, and spent from their own resources on everything else that was fitting for the sacrifices, showing love of honour towards the Council and the People; in order therefore that there may be an incentive (ephamillon) for honour-loving behaviour (35) for those who know that they will obtain thanks worthy of their benefactions, for good fortune, the Council shall decide, that the presiding committee allotted to preside at the forthcoming Assembly shall place these matters on the agenda, and submit (40) the opinion of the Council to the People, that it seems good to the Council to praise the managers of the Mysteries in the archonship of Diokles, Thrasykles son of - of Auridai, Niketes son of Niketes of P-, (45) and crown each of them with a myrtle crown for their piety towards the gods and their love of honour towards the Council and People; and on their continuing to show love of honour in the future they may also obtain other benefits (50) from the People, whatever they may be deemed to be worthy of; and the prytany secretary shall inscribe this decree on two stone stelai and stand one in the courtyard of the sanctuary at Eleusis, and the other . . . (55) . . . . . . text from Attic Inscriptions Online, IG II2
847 - Honours for the managers of the Mysteries
1199 Philaios (?) son of Chremes proposed: since the religious officials (hieropoioi) allotted for the sanctuary of Hebe took care justly and with love of honour (philotimōs) of the sacrifice for Hebe (5) and the other gods to whom they must sacrifice, and have submitted a reckoning (logon) and accounts (euthunas), to crown each of them with a foliage crown, Anticharmos son of Nauson and Nearchos (?) son of Chairigenes, (10) Theodotos son of Aischron, Aristokles son of Kalliphon, for their justice and love of honour (philotimias) towards the demesmen; and this decree shall be inscribed on a stone stele and set up in the sanctuary (15) of Hebe by the demarch in office after the archonship of Neaichmos (320/19). Uninscribed space And to praise also the controllers (sōphronistas) and crown with a foliage crown each of them, Kimon, Megalexis or Metalexis, (20) Pythodoros son of Pytheas, and the herald Charikles, for their love of honour (philotimias) concerning the all-night rite (pannuchida); and to praise also the priest of the Herakleidai, Kallias, and the priestess of Hebe and (25) Alkmene, and the archon Kallisthenes son of Nauson and to crown each of them for their piety and love of honour (philotimias) towards the gods; and to inscribe this decree on a stone stele (30) and stand it in the sanctuary of Hebe. text from Attic Inscriptions Online, IG II2
1199 - Decree of Aixone awarding honours connected with the festival of Hebe, 320/19 BC '
2492 On the following terms the Aixoneans have leased the Phelleïs to Autokles son of Auteas and to Auteas son of Autokles for forty years, for one hundred and fifty-two drachmas each year, on condition that they undertake (5) plantings and use it in whatever other way they wish. They shall pay the rent in the month of Hekatombaion, and if they do not pay it, the Aixoneans shall have right of seizure (enechurasian) both of the crops from the property (chōriou) and of all the other property of the one who does not pay. (10) The Aixoneans shall not be permitted to sell or lease it to anyone else, until the forty years have expired. If enemy troops prevent access or destroy anything, the Aixoneans shall have half of what is produced on the property. When the forty years (15)have expired, the lessees shall hand over half of the land uncultivated (cherron), and such trees as there are on the property. The Aixoneans shall send in a vinedresser (ampelourgon) for the last five years. The term of the lease begins with the archonship of Euboulos (345/4) for the cereals (Dēmētriou karpou), and with the successor of Euboulos (20) for the woody products (xulinou); and having inscribed the lease on stone stelai, the treasurers in the demarchy of Demosthenes shall stand one in the sanctuary of Hebe, inside, and the other in the hall (leschei), and boundary markers on the property no less than three feet high, two on each side; and if any (25)property-based tax (eisphora) is levied on the property for the city, the Aixoneans shall pay it, and if the lessees pay it, it shall be counted towards their rent. No one shall be permitted to take any earth dug on the property away from the property itself. If anyone makes or puts to the vote a proposal contrary to this (30)agreement (sunthēkas) before the forty years have expired, he shall be liable to the lessees to a legal action for damage (blabēs). Eteokles son of Skaon of Aixone proposed: whereas the lessees of the Phelleïs, Autokles and Auteas, have agreed to cut back (ekkopsai) the olive trees for the Aixoneans, to choose men who, (35) together wih the demarch and the treasurers and the lessee will sell the olive trees to the highest bidder, and having calculated the interest (tokon) on the money thus obtained at the rate of one drachma (per mina per month), to subtract half of it from the rent and inscribe on the stelai that the rent is that much less. (40) The Aixoneans are to receive the interest (tokon) on the money from the sale of the olive trees. The buyer is to cut back the olive trees when Anthias has collected the harvest (karpon) in the archonship following that of Archias (346/5), before the ploughing (aroto), and leave stumps (mukētas) of no less than a palm high in the pits (perichutrismasin), (45) so that the olive trees become as fine and big as possible in these (forty) years. These men were chosen to sell the olive trees: Eteokles, Nauson, Hagnotheos. text from Attic Inscriptions Online, IG II2
2492 - Lease of public land by the deme Aixone, 345/4 BC ' None
85. Vergil, Aeneis, 10.479-10.489, 12.435-12.440
 Tagged with subjects: • Massimo, family at Rome • exemplarity, and family models • family • family, as source of emulation • identity, in context of family relationships

 Found in books: Bexley (2022), Seneca's Characters: Fictional Identities and Implied Human Selves, 115, 116, 117, 125; Bruun and Edmondson (2015), The Oxford Handbook of Roman Epigraphy, 58; Kazantzidis and Spatharas (2018), Hope in Ancient Literature, History, and Art, 179, 180, 181

sup>
10.479 Hic Turnus ferro praefixum robur acuto 10.480 in Pallanta diu librans iacit atque ita fatur: 10.481 Adspice, num mage sit nostrum penetrabile telum. 10.482 Dixerat; at clipeum, tot ferri terga, tot aeris, 10.483 quem pellis totiens obeat circumdata tauri, 10.484 vibranti cuspis medium transverberat ictu 10.485 loricaeque moras et pectus perforat ingens. 10.486 Ille rapit calidum frustra de volnere telum: 10.487 una eademque via sanguis animusque sequuntur. 10.488 Corruit in volnus, sonitum super arma dedere
12.435 Disce, puer, virtutem ex me verumque laborem, 12.436 fortunam ex aliis. Nunc te mea dextera bello 12.437 defensum dabit et magna inter praemia ducet. 12.438 Tu facito, mox cum matura adoleverit aetas, 12.439 sis memor, et te animo repetentem exempla tuorum 12.440 et pater Aeneas et avunculus excitet Hector.' ' None		sup>
10.479 and flying to the fight comes Neptune's son, " '10.480 Messapus, famous horseman. On both sides ' "10.481 each charges on the foe. Ausonia's strand " "10.482 is one wide strife. As when o'er leagues of air " '10.483 the envious winds give battle to their peers, 10.484 well-matched in rage and power; and neither they 10.485 nor clouds above, nor plunging seas below 10.486 will end the doubtful war, but each withstands 10.487 the onset of the whole—in such wild way 10.488 the line of Trojans on the Latian line
12.435 this frantic stir, this quarrel rashly bold? 12.436 Recall your martial rage! The pledge is given ' "12.437 and all its terms agreed. 'T is only I " '12.438 do lawful battle here. So let me forth, 12.439 and tremble not. My own hand shall confirm 12.440 the solemn treaty. For these rites consign ' " None
86. None, None, nan
 Tagged with subjects: • Apollodoros son of Pasion, and family • Dedications, and families • Epigraphic agents, familial bonds between • Lykourgos, family and kin

 Found in books: Humphreys (2018), Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis, 284, 682, 1103; Wilding (2022), Reinventing the Amphiareion at Oropos, 117
87. None, None, nan
 Tagged with subjects: • Family • codes, family, sexuality, masculinity/feminity

 Found in books: Lampe (2003), Christians at Rome in the First Two Centuries: From Paul to Valentinus, 221; Rüpke and Woolf (2013), Religious Dimensions of the Self in the Second Century CE. 51
88. None, None, nan
 Tagged with subjects: • Law, family • filius familias miles

 Found in books: Czajkowski et al. (2020), Vitruvian Man: Rome under Construction, 48; Phang (2001), The Marriage of Roman Soldiers (13 B.C. - A.D. 235), 313
89. None, None, nan
 Tagged with subjects: • Agariste (of Alkmaionid family) • Aischines, date of birth, and family • Apollodoros son of Pasion, and family • Lykourgos, family and kin • Nikias, family • Plato, family • families, noble

 Found in books: Eidinow (2007), Oracles, Curses, and Risk Among the Ancient Greeks, 310; Humphreys (2018), Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis, 140, 163, 171, 427, 443, 445, 467; Martin (2009), Divine Talk: Religious Argumentation in Demosthenes, 138
90. None, None, nan
 Tagged with subjects: • divi and divae, deified emperors and members of imperial family • familia Silvani • familia Silvani, lex of the, • familia, association • filius familias miles

 Found in books: Bruun and Edmondson (2015), The Oxford Handbook of Roman Epigraphy, 183, 184, 413, 613; Gabrielsen and Paganini (2021), Private Associations in the Ancient Greek World: Regulations and the Creation of Group Identity, 202, 217; Phang (2001), The Marriage of Roman Soldiers (13 B.C. - A.D. 235), 313
91. None, None, nan
 Tagged with subjects: • Plato, family • Prasiai, prominent families from • Thymochares of Sphettos and family

 Found in books: Humphreys (2018), Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis, 160; Papazarkadas (2011), Sacred and Public Land in Ancient Athens, 306
92. None, None, nan
 Tagged with subjects: • Family • family

 Found in books: Chaniotis (2012), Unveiling Emotions: Sources and Methods for the Study of Emotions in the Greek World vol, 78; Rothschold, Blanton and Calhoun (2014), The History of Religions School Today : Essays on the New Testament and Related Ancient Mediterranean Texts 241
93. None, None, nan
 Tagged with subjects: • family • residence, of soldiers’ families

 Found in books: Chaniotis (2012), Unveiling Emotions: Sources and Methods for the Study of Emotions in the Greek World vol, 80; Phang (2001), The Marriage of Roman Soldiers (13 B.C. - A.D. 235), 125
94. None, None, nan
 Tagged with subjects: • Christian(s)/ity, divides families • Christian(s)/ity, family aspects • Perpetua, attitude to family • familial • family • family and kinship, attitude of Christian women to family • family, ,conflict with • family, Christian • family, of Perpetua

 Found in books: Bremmer (2017), Magic and Martyrs in Early Christianity: Collected Essays, 24, 363; Esler (2000), The Early Christian World, 439, 442; Gunderson (2022), The Social Worlds of Ancient Jews and Christians: Essays in Honor of L. Michael White, 226; Lieu (2004), Christian Identity in the Jewish and Graeco-Roman World, 254; Maier and Waldner (2022), Desiring Martyrs: Locating Martyrs in Space and Time, 4, 142, 143, 144, 149, 151; Moss (2012), Ancient Christian Martyrdom: Diverse Practices, Theologies, and Traditions, 131, 132, 141



Please note: the results are produced through a computerized process which may frequently lead to errors, both in incorrect tagging and in other issues. Please use with caution.
Due to load times, full text fetching is currently attempted for validated results only.
Full texts for Hebrew Bible and rabbinic texts is kindly supplied by Sefaria; for Greek and Latin texts, by Perseus Scaife, for the Quran, by Tanzil.net

For a list of book indices included, see here.