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Tiresias: The Ancient Mediterranean Religions Source Database



10588
Tacitus, Annals, 13.58


Eodem anno Ruminalem arborem in comitio, quae octingentos et triginta ante annos Remi Romulique infantiam texerat, mortuis ramalibus et arescente trunco deminutam prodigii loco habitum est, donec in novos fetus revivesceret. In the same year, the tree in the Comitium, known as the Ruminalis, which eight hundred and thirty years earlier had sheltered the infancy of Remus and Romulus, through the death of its boughs and the withering of its stem, reached a stage of decrepitude which was regarded as a portent, until it renewed its verdure in fresh shoots.


Intertexts (texts cited often on the same page as the searched text):

10 results
1. Livy, History, 22.1.16, 22.10.2-22.10.6, 22.57.2-22.57.7, 27.37.7-27.37.8 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE)

2. Seneca The Elder, Controversies, 1.6.4 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE)

3. Vitruvius Pollio, On Architecture, 2.1.5 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. BCE)

4. Pliny The Elder, Natural History, 10.5, 15.77 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)

5. Suetonius, Augustus, 33.1 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)

6. Tacitus, Agricola, 44, 3 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)

7. Tacitus, Annals, 3.55, 4.1.1, 4.58.2, 4.74, 6.22.1-6.22.3, 6.28, 6.28.1, 11.11, 12.43.1, 12.64.1, 13.4.2, 13.17.2, 13.24.1-13.24.2, 13.57.3, 14.1.1, 14.22.1-14.22.3, 15.22.2, 15.44.1-15.44.2, 15.47.1-15.47.2, 16.13.1-16.13.2 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)

3.55.  When the Caesar's epistle had been read, the aediles were exempted from such a task; and spendthrift epicureanism, after being practised with extravagant prodigality throughout the century between the close of the Actian War and the struggle which placed Servius Galba on the throne, went gradually out of vogue. The causes of that change may well be investigated. Formerly aristocratic families of wealth or outstanding distinction were apt to be led to their downfall by a passion for magnificence. For it was still legitimate to court or be courted by the populace, by the provincials, by dependent princes; and the more handsome the fortune, the palace, the establishment of a man, the more imposing his reputation and his clientèle. After the merciless executions, when greatness of fame was death, the survivors turned to wiser paths. At the same time, the self-made men, repeatedly drafted into the senate from the municipalities and the colonies, and even from the provinces, introduced the plain-living habits of their own hearths; and although by good fortune or industry very many arrived at an old age of affluence, yet their prepossessions persisted to the end. But the main promoter of the stricter code was Vespasian, himself of the old school in his person and table. Thenceforward, deference to the sovereign and the love of emulating him proved more powerful than legal sanctions and deterrents. Or should we rather say there is a kind of cycle in all things — moral as well as seasonal revolutions? Nor, indeed, were all things better in the old time before us; but our own age too has produced much in the sphere of true nobility and much in that of art which posterity well may imitate. In any case, may the honourable competition of our present with our past long remain! 4.1.1.  The consulate of Gaius Asinius and Gaius Antistius was to Tiberius the ninth year of public order and of domestic felicity (for he counted the death of Germanicus among his blessings), when suddenly fortune disturbed the peace and he became either a tyrant himself or the source of power to the tyrannous. The starting-point and the cause were to be found in Aelius Sejanus, prefect of the praetorian cohorts. of his influence I spoke above: now I shall unfold his origin, his character, and the crime by which he strove to seize on empire. Born at Vulsinii to the Roman knight Seius Strabo, he became in early youth a follower of Gaius Caesar, grandson of the deified Augustus; not without a rumour that he had disposed of his virtue at a price to Apicius, a rich man and a prodigal. Before long, by his multifarious arts, he bound Tiberius fast: so much so that a man inscrutable to others became to Sejanus alone unguarded and unreserved; and the less by subtlety (in fact, he was beaten in the end by the selfsame arts) than by the anger of Heaven against that Roman realm for whose equal damnation he flourished and fell. He was a man hardy by constitution, fearless by temperament; skilled to conceal himself and to incriminate his neighbour; cringing at once and insolent; orderly and modest to outward view, at heart possessed by a towering ambition, which impelled him at whiles to lavishness and luxury, but oftener to industry and vigilance — qualities not less noxious when assumed for the winning of a throne. 4.74.  Thus the Frisian name won celebrity in Germany; while Tiberius, rather than entrust anyone with the conduct of the war, suppressed our losses. The senate, too, had other anxieties than a question of national dishonour on the confines of the empire: an internal panic had preoccupied all minds, and the antidote was being sought in sycophancy. Thus, although their opinion was being taken on totally unrelated subjects, they voted an altar of Mercy and an altar of Friendship with statues of the Caesar and Sejanus on either hand, and with reiterated petitions conjured the pair to vouchsafe themselves to sight. Neither of them, however, came down so far as Rome or the neighbourhood of Rome: it was deemed enough to emerge from their isle and present themselves to view on the nearest shore of Campania. To Campania went senators and knights, with a large part of the populace, their anxieties centred round Sejanus; access to whom had grown harder, and had therefore to be procured by interest and by a partnership in his designs. It was evident enough that his arrogance was increased by the sight of this repulsive servility so openly exhibited. At Rome, movement is the rule, and the extent of the city leaves it uncertain upon what errand the passer-by is bent: there, littering without distinction the plain or the beach, they suffered day and night alike the patronage or the insolence of his janitors, until that privilege, too, was vetoed, and they retraced their steps to the capital â€” those whom he had honoured neither by word nor by look, in fear and trembling; a few, over whom hung the fatal issue of that infelicitous friendship, with misplaced cheerfulness of heart. 6.22.1.  For myself, when I listen to this and similar narratives, my judgement wavers. Is the revolution of human things governed by fate and changeless necessity, or by accident? You will find the wisest of the ancients, and the disciplines attached to their tenets, at complete variance; in many of them a fixed belief that Heaven concerns itself neither with our origins, nor with our ending, nor, in fine, with mankind, and that so adversity continually assails the good, while prosperity dwells among the evil. Others hold, on the contrary, that, though there is certainly a fate in harmony with events, it does not emanate from wandering stars, but must be sought in the principles and processes of natural causation. Still, they leave us free to choose our life: that choice made, however, the order of the future is certain. Nor, they maintain, are evil and good what the crowd imagines: many who appear to be the sport of adverse circumstances are happy; numbers are wholly wretched though in the midst of great possessions — provided only that the former endure the strokes of fortune with firmness, while the latter employ her favours with unwisdom. With most men, however, the faith is ineradicable that the future of an individual is ordained at the moment of his entry into life; but at times a prophecy is falsified by the event, through the dishonesty of the prophet who speaks he knows not what; and thus is debased the credit of an art, of which the most striking evidences have been furnished both in the ancient world and in our own. For the forecast of Nero's reign, made by the son of this very Thrasyllus, shall be related at its fitting place: at present I do not care to stray too far from my theme. 6.28.  In the consulate of Paulus Fabius and Lucius Vitellius, after a long period of ages, the bird known as the phoenix visited Egypt, and supplied the learned of that country and of Greece with the material for long disquisitions on the miracle. I propose to state the points on which they coincide, together with the larger number that are dubious, yet not too absurd for notice. That the creature is sacred to the sun and distinguished from other birds by its head and the variegation of its plumage, is agreed by those who have depicted its form: as to its term of years, the tradition varies. The generally received number is five hundred; but there are some who assert that its visits fall at intervals of 1461 years, and that it was in the reigns, first of Sesosis, then of Amasis, and finally of Ptolemy (third of the Macedonian dynasty), that the three earlier phoenixes flew to the city called Heliopolis with a great escort of common birds amazed at the novelty of their appearance. But while antiquity is obscure, between Ptolemy and Tiberius there were less than two hundred and fifty years: whence the belief has been held that this was a spurious phoenix, not originating on the soil of Arabia, and following none of the practices affirmed by ancient tradition. For — so the tale is told — when its sum of years is complete and death is drawing on, it builds a nest in its own country and sheds on it a procreative influence, from which springs a young one, whose first care on reaching maturity is to bury his sire. Nor is that task performed at random, but, after raising a weight of myrrh and proving it by a far flight, so soon as he is a match for his burden and the course before him, he lifts up his father's corpse, conveys him to the Altar of the Sun, and consigns him to the flames. — The details are uncertain and heightened by fable; but that the bird occasionally appears in Egypt is unquestioned. 12.43.1.  Many prodigies occurred during the year. Ominous birds took their seat on the Capitol; houses were overturned by repeated shocks of earthquake, and, as the panic spread, the weak were trampled underfoot in the trepidation of the crowd. A shortage of corn, again, and the famine which resulted, were construed as a supernatural warning. Nor were the complaints always whispered. Claudius, sitting in judgement, was surrounded by a wildly clamorous mob, and, driven into the farthest corner of the Forum, was there subjected to violent pressure, until, with the help of a body of troops, he forced a way through the hostile throng. It was established that the capital had provisions for fifteen days, no more; and the crisis was relieved only by the especial grace of the gods and the mildness of the winter. And yet, Heaven knows, in the past, Italy exported supplies for the legions into remote provinces; nor is sterility the trouble now, but we cultivate Africa and Egypt by preference, and the life of the Roman nation has been staked upon cargo-boats and accidents. 12.64.1.  In the consulate of Marcus Asinius and Manius Acilius, it was made apparent by a sequence of prodigies that a change of conditions for the worse was foreshadowed. Fire from heaven played round the standards and tents of the soldiers; a swarm of bees settled on the pediment of the Capitol; it was stated that hermaphrodites had been born, and that a pig had been produced with the talons of a hawk. It was counted among the portents that each of the magistracies found its numbers diminished, since a quaestor, an aedile, and a tribune, together with a praetor and a consul, had died within a few months. But especial terror was felt by Agrippina. Disquieted by a remark let fall by Claudius in his cups, that it was his destiny first to suffer and finally to punish the infamy of his wives, she determined to act — and speedily. First, however, she destroyed Domitia Lepida on a feminine quarrel. For, as the daughter of the younger Antonia, the grand-niece of Augustus, the first cousin once removed of Agrippina, and also the sister of her former husband Gnaeus Domitius, Lepida regarded her family distinctions as equal to those of the princess. In looks, age, and fortune there was little between the pair; and since each was as unchaste, as disreputable, and as violent as the other, their competition in the vices was not less keen than in such advantages as they had received from the kindness of fortune. But the fiercest struggle was on the question whether the domit influence with Nero was to be his aunt or his mother: for Lepida was endeavouring to captivate his youthful mind by a smooth tongue and an open hand, while on the other side Agrippina stood grim and menacing, capable of presenting her son with an empire but not of tolerating him as emperor. 13.24.1.  At the end of the year, the cohort usually present on guard at the Games was withdrawn; the objects being to give a greater appearance of liberty, to prevent the troops from being corrupted by too close contact with the licence of the theatre, and to test whether the populace would continue its orderly behaviour when its custodians were removed. A lustration of the city was carried out by the emperor at the recommendation of the soothsayers, since the temples of Jupiter and Minerva had been struck by lightning. 14.1.1.  In the consular year of Gaius Vipstanius and Gaius Fonteius, Nero postponed no further the long-contemplated crime: for a protracted term of empire had consolidated his boldness, and day by day he burned more hotly with love for Poppaea; who, hopeless of wedlock for herself and divorce for Octavia so long as Agrippina lived, plied the sovereign with frequent reproaches and occasional raillery, styling him "the ward, dependent on alien orders, who was neither the empire's master nor his own. For why was her wedding deferred? Her face, presumably, and her grandsires with their triumphs, did not give satisfaction — or was the trouble her fecundity and truth of heart? No, it was feared that, as a wife at all events, she might disclose the wrongs of the Fathers, the anger of the nation against the pride and greed of his mother! But, if Agrippina could tolerate no daughter-in‑law but one inimical to her son, then let her be restored to her married life with Otho: she would go to any corner of earth where she could hear the emperor's ignominy rather than view it and be entangled in his perils." To these and similar attacks, pressed home by tears and adulterous art, no opposition was offered: all men yearned for the breaking of the mother's power; none credited that the hatred of the son would go the full way to murder. 14.22.1.  Meanwhile, a comet blazed into view — in the opinion of the crowd, an apparition boding change to monarchies. Hence, as though Nero were already dethroned, men began to inquire on whom the next choice should fall; and the name in all mouths was that of Rubellius Plautus, who, on the mother's side, drew his nobility from the Julian house. Personally, he cherished the views of an older generation: his bearing was austere, his domestic life being pure and secluded; and the retirement which his fears led him to seek had only brought him an accession of fame. The rumours gained strength from the interpretation — suggested by equal credulity — which was placed upon a flash of light. Because, while Nero dined by the Simbruine lakes in the villa known as the Sublaqueum, the banquet had been struck and the table shivered; and because the accident had occurred on the confines of Tibur, the town from which Plautus derived his origin on the father's side, a belief spread that he was the candidate marked out by the will of deity; and he found numerous supporters in the class of men who nurse the eager and generally delusive ambition to be the earliest parasites of a new and precarious power. Nero, therefore, perturbed by the reports, drew up a letter to Plautus, advising him "to consult the peace of the capital and extricate himself from the scandal-mongers: he had family estates in Asia, where he could enjoy his youth in safety and quiet." To Asia, accordingly, he retired with his wife Antistia and a few of his intimate friends. About the same date, Nero's passion for extravagance brought him some disrepute and danger: he had entered and swum in the sources of the stream which Quintus Marcius conveyed to Rome; and it was considered that by bathing there he had profaned the sacred waters and the holiness of the site. The divine anger was confirmed by a grave illness which followed. 15.44.1.  So far, the precautions taken were suggested by human prudence: now means were sought for appeasing deity, and application was made to the Sibylline books; at the injunction of which public prayers were offered to Vulcan, Ceres, and Proserpine, while Juno was propitiated by the matrons, first in the Capitol, then at the nearest point of the sea-shore, where water was drawn for sprinkling the temple and image of the goddess. Ritual banquets and all-night vigils were celebrated by women in the married state. But neither human help, nor imperial munificence, nor all the modes of placating Heaven, could stifle scandal or dispel the belief that the fire had taken place by order. Therefore, to scotch the rumour, Nero substituted as culprits, and punished with the utmost refinements of cruelty, a class of men, loathed for their vices, whom the crowd styled Christians. Christus, the founder of the name, had undergone the death penalty in the reign of Tiberius, by sentence of the procurator Pontius Pilatus, and the pernicious superstition was checked for a moment, only to break out once more, not merely in Judaea, the home of the disease, but in the capital itself, where all things horrible or shameful in the world collect and find a vogue. First, then, the confessed members of the sect were arrested; next, on their disclosures, vast numbers were convicted, not so much on the count of arson as for hatred of the human race. And derision accompanied their end: they were covered with wild beasts' skins and torn to death by dogs; or they were fastened on crosses, and, when daylight failed were burned to serve as lamps by night. Nero had offered his Gardens for the spectacle, and gave an exhibition in his Circus, mixing with the crowd in the habit of a charioteer, or mounted on his car. Hence, in spite of a guilt which had earned the most exemplary punishment, there arose a sentiment of pity, due to the impression that they were being sacrificed not for the welfare of the state but to the ferocity of a single man. 15.47.1.  At the close of the year, report was busy with portents heralding disaster to come — lightning-flashes in numbers never exceeded, a comet (a phenomenon to which Nero always made atonement in noble blood); two-headed embryos, human or of the other animals, thrown out in public or discovered in the sacrifices where it is the rule to kill pregt victims. Again, in the territory of Placentia, a calf was born close to the road with the head grown to a leg; and there followed an interpretation of the soothsayers, stating that another head was being prepared for the world; but it would be neither strong nor secret, as it had been repressed in the womb, and had been brought forth at the wayside. 16.13.1.  Upon this year, disgraced by so many deeds of shame, Heaven also set its mark by tempest and disease. Campania was wasted by a whirlwind, which far and wide wrecked the farms, the fruit trees, and the crops, and carried its fury to the neighbourhood of the capital, where all classes of men were being decimated by a deadly epidemic. No outward sign of a distempered air was visible. Yet the houses were filled with lifeless bodies, the streets with funerals. Neither sex nor age gave immunity from danger; slaves and the free-born populace alike were summarily cut down, amid the laments of their wives and children, who, themselves infected while tending or mourning the victims, were often burnt upon the same pyre. Knights and senators, though they perished on all hands, were less deplored — as if, by undergoing the common lot, they were cheating the ferocity of the emperor. In the same year, levies were held in Narbonese Gaul, Africa, and Asia, to recruit the legions of Illyricum, in which all men incapacitated by age or sickness were being discharged from the service. The emperor alleviated the disaster at Lugdunum by a grant of four million sesterces to repair the town's losses: the same amount which Lugdunum had previously offered in aid of the misfortunes of the capital.
8. Tacitus, Histories, 1.86, 2.91.1, 3.56.1, 4.84 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)

1.86.  Prodigies which were reported on various authorities also contributed to the general terror. It was said that in the vestibule of the Capitol the reins of the chariot in which Victory stood had fallen from the goddess's hands, that a superhuman form had rushed out of Juno's chapel, that a statue of the deified Julius on the island of the Tiber had turned from west to east on a bright calm day, that an ox had spoken in Etruria, that animals had given birth to strange young, and that many other things had happened which in barbarous ages used to be noticed even during peace, but which now are only heard of in seasons of terror. Yet the chief anxiety which was connected with both present disaster and future danger was caused by a sudden overflow of the Tiber which, swollen to a great height, broke down the wooden bridge and then was thrown back by the ruins of the bridge which dammed the stream, and overflowed not only the low-lying level parts of the city, but also parts which are normally free from such disasters. Many were swept away in the public streets, a larger number cut off in shops and in their beds. The common people were reduced to famine by lack of employment and failure of supplies. Apartment houses had their foundations undermined by the standing water and then collapsed when the flood withdrew. The moment people's minds were relieved of this danger, the very fact that when Otho was planning a military expedition, the Campus Martius and the Flaminian Way, over which he was to advance, were blocked against him was interpreted as a prodigy and an omen of impending disaster rather than as the result of chance or natural causes. 4.84.  When the ambassadors reached Sinope, they delivered the gifts, requests, and messages of their king to Scydrothemis. He was all uncertainty, now fearing the god and again being terrified by the threats and opposition of his people; often he was tempted by the gifts and promises of the ambassadors. In the meantime three years passed during which Ptolemy did not lessen his zeal or his appeals; he increased the dignity of his ambassadors, the number of his ships, and the quantity of gold offered. Then a terrifying vision appeared to Scydrothemis, warning him not to hinder longer the purposes of the god: as he still hesitated, various disasters, diseases, and the evident anger of the gods, growing heavier from day to day, beset the king. He called an assembly of his people and made known to them the god's orders, the visions that had appeared to him and to Ptolemy, and the misfortunes that were multiplying upon them: the people opposed their king; they were jealous of Egypt, afraid for themselves, and so gathered about the temple of the god. At this point the tale becomes stranger, for tradition says that the god himself, voluntarily embarking on the fleet that was lying on the shore, miraculously crossed the wide stretch of sea and reached Alexandria in two days. A temple, befitting the size of the city, was erected in the quarter called Rhacotis; there had previously been on that spot an ancient shrine dedicated to Serapis and Isis. Such is the most popular account of the origin and arrival of the god. Yet I am not unaware that there are some who maintain that the god was brought from Seleucia in Syria in the reign of Ptolemy III; still others claim that the same Ptolemy introduced the god, but that the place from which he came was Memphis, once a famous city and the bulwark of ancient Egypt. Many regard the god himself as identical with Aesculapius, because he cures the sick; some as Osiris, the oldest god among these peoples; still more identify him with Jupiter as the supreme lord of all things; the majority, however, arguing from the attributes of the god that are seen on his statue or from their own conjectures, hold him to be Father Dis.
9. Cassius Dio, Roman History, 43.14.6, 48.43.4, 58.27.1 (2nd cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE)

43.14.6.  And they decreed that a chariot of his should be placed on the Capitol facing the statue of Jupiter, that his statue in bronze should be mounted upon a likeness of the inhabited world, with an inscription to the effect that he was a demigod, and that his name should be inscribed upon the Capitol in place of that of Catulus on the ground that he had completed this temple after undertaking to call Catulus to account for the building of it. 48.43.4.  Now many events of a portentous nature had occurred even before this, such as the spouting of olive oil on the bank of the Tiber, and many also at this time. Thus the hut of Romulus was burned as a result of some ritual which the pontifices were performing in it; a statue of Virtus, which stood before one of the gates, fell upon its face, and certain persons, becoming inspired by the Mother of the Gods, declared that the goddess was angry with them. 58.27.1.  And if Egyptian affairs touch Roman interests at all, it may be mentioned that the phoenix was seen that year. All these events were thought to foreshadow the death of Tiberius. Thrasyllus, indeed, did die at this very time, and the emperor himself died in the following spring, in the consulship of Gnaeus Proculus and Pontius Nigrinus.
10. Vergil, Aeneis, 8.654

8.654. to the Rutulian land, to find defence


Subjects of this text:

subject book bibliographic info
agrippina the younger,murder of Shannon-Henderson (2019) 291
agrippina the younger,nero murders Rutledge (2012) 25, 166
agrippina the younger,usurping of government functions by Shannon-Henderson (2019) 292
alsop,j. Rutledge (2012) 25
altars Shannon-Henderson (2019) 230
ambitio Shannon-Henderson (2019) 306
anger,divine Shannon-Henderson (2019) 290
animals,pigs Eidinow and Driediger-Murphy (2019) 165
annales maximi,narrative placement of material in Shannon-Henderson (2019) 229, 230
antiquitas Shannon-Henderson (2019) 230
apollo,palatine temple of Shannon-Henderson (2019) 292
astrologers Shannon-Henderson (2019) 229
augustus,and romulus Rutledge (2012) 166
beaujeu,j. m. Rutledge (2012) 25
becatti,g. Rutledge (2012) 25
bees Shannon-Henderson (2019) 290
birds,hawks Eidinow and Driediger-Murphy (2019) 165
birds Shannon-Henderson (2019) 290
birth Shannon-Henderson (2019) 291
britannicus,murder of Shannon-Henderson (2019) 230
brothers Shannon-Henderson (2019) 230
campania Eidinow and Driediger-Murphy (2019) 165
capitoline hill Shannon-Henderson (2019) 290
carpentum Shannon-Henderson (2019) 292
casson,l. Rutledge (2012) 25
celani,a. Rutledge (2012) 25
claudius,antiquarianism of Shannon-Henderson (2019) 290
claudius Eidinow and Driediger-Murphy (2019) 165
comets Shannon-Henderson (2019) 306
crime Shannon-Henderson (2019) 292
cultic commemoration,and non-cultic commemoration Shannon-Henderson (2019) 291
dais Shannon-Henderson (2019) 292
decemuiri sacris faciundis Davies (2004) 205, 216
decline,of religion Davies (2004) 205
decline,of rome Davies (2004) 213
duret,l. Rutledge (2012) 25
earthquakes Eidinow and Driediger-Murphy (2019) 165
egypt Shannon-Henderson (2019) 229, 230
expiation Davies (2004) 205; Eidinow and Driediger-Murphy (2019) 165; Shannon-Henderson (2019) 292
family,imperial Shannon-Henderson (2019) 292
fatum,diagnosis Davies (2004) 213
fatum,in tacitus Davies (2004) 213, 216
fatum,of rome Davies (2004) 213
ficus ruminalis Davies (2004) 205, 213, 216; Eidinow and Driediger-Murphy (2019) 165; Shannon-Henderson (2019) 229, 230, 290, 291, 292, 306
fire,interpreted as prodigy Shannon-Henderson (2019) 292
fire Shannon-Henderson (2019) 291
flavian dynasty Shannon-Henderson (2019) 230
fors,forte Davies (2004) 213
fortuna Shannon-Henderson (2019) 229
forum Shannon-Henderson (2019) 291
fratricide Shannon-Henderson (2019) 230, 291
frugalitas Rutledge (2012) 166
gods,agency deduced Davies (2004) 205
gods,intervention Davies (2004) 205
greek,art Rutledge (2012) 25
greek,statuary Rutledge (2012) 25
greeks Shannon-Henderson (2019) 229
gualandi,g. Rutledge (2012) 25
haruspices Shannon-Henderson (2019) 290
hermaphrodites Eidinow and Driediger-Murphy (2019) 165
heroön Rutledge (2012) 166
ira deorum Davies (2004) 205, 213
isager,j. Rutledge (2012) 25
kin murder Shannon-Henderson (2019) 292
koch,g. f. Rutledge (2012) 25
letters Shannon-Henderson (2019) 306
lightning Shannon-Henderson (2019) 290, 306
memory,cultic,decline and Shannon-Henderson (2019) 290, 291, 292
memory,cultural Shannon-Henderson (2019) 290
miracula Shannon-Henderson (2019) 230
munatius plancus,l. (dedicator of temple of saturn),murderers,ritual pollution of Shannon-Henderson (2019) 292
myth Shannon-Henderson (2019) 230
nero,and signs Davies (2004) 205
nero (emperor),murders committed by Shannon-Henderson (2019) 230, 291
nero (emperor),prodigies and Shannon-Henderson (2019) 306
nero (emperor),purification performed by Shannon-Henderson (2019) 290
nero (emperor) Shannon-Henderson (2019) 229
néradau,j. p. Rutledge (2012) 25
ogulnius gallus,cn. Rutledge (2012) 166
ogulnius gallus,q. Rutledge (2012) 166
omens Davies (2004) 213; Shannon-Henderson (2019) 291
palatine Shannon-Henderson (2019) 292
pape,m. Rutledge (2012) 25
parricidium Shannon-Henderson (2019) 292
pax deorum Davies (2004) 205
phoenix Davies (2004) 205, 213, 216; Shannon-Henderson (2019) 229, 230
pietas Rutledge (2012) 166; Shannon-Henderson (2019) 229
pliny the elder Rutledge (2012) 25
pollution,ritual Shannon-Henderson (2019) 292
pompeii Eidinow and Driediger-Murphy (2019) 165
prodigies,in early principate Eidinow and Driediger-Murphy (2019) 165
prodigies,symbolic Davies (2004) 205
prodigies,under claudius Davies (2004) 205
prodigies,under tiberius (lack of) Davies (2004) 205
prodigies Shannon-Henderson (2019) 230, 306
prodigy reports Eidinow and Driediger-Murphy (2019) 165
prophecy Eidinow and Driediger-Murphy (2019) 165
purification Shannon-Henderson (2019) 290, 292
remus Shannon-Henderson (2019) 229, 290, 291
rhodes,as vehicle of cultural memory Shannon-Henderson (2019) 291
ritual,error Davies (2004) 205
rituals Eidinow and Driediger-Murphy (2019) 165
rome,area capitolina Rutledge (2012) 166
rome,burns Rutledge (2012) 166
rome,casa romuli Rutledge (2012) 166
rome,casa romuli on Rutledge (2012) 166
rome,comitium Rutledge (2012) 166
rome,early principate Eidinow and Driediger-Murphy (2019) 165
rome,ficus ruminalis Rutledge (2012) 166
rome,founders Davies (2004) 216
rome,palatine hill,casa romuli on Rutledge (2012) 166
rome,palatine hill Rutledge (2012) 166
rome,temple of mars ultor,neros statue in Rutledge (2012) 25
rome,the arx Rutledge (2012) 166
romulus,his tomb Rutledge (2012) 166
romulus Davies (2004) 216; Rutledge (2012) 166
romulus and remus Eidinow and Driediger-Murphy (2019) 165
rouveret,a. Rutledge (2012) 25
rubellius plautus Shannon-Henderson (2019) 306
rumor Shannon-Henderson (2019) 306
saecula,100 years Davies (2004) 216
saecula,beatissimum Davies (2004) 216
saecula Davies (2004) 213, 216
saecular games,dating Davies (2004) 216
saecular games,of augustus Davies (2004) 216
saecular games,of claudius Davies (2004) 216
saecular games,of domitian Davies (2004) 216
saecular games Davies (2004) 216
saeculum corruptissimum,dating Davies (2004) 216
saeculum corruptissimum Davies (2004) 216
self-presentation Galinsky (2016) 217
senate,and emperor Davies (2004) 216
senate,failure of authority Davies (2004) 205
senate Shannon-Henderson (2019) 292
series saeculorum Davies (2004) 213
significance in roman culture Galinsky (2016) 217
statues,republican Galinsky (2016) 217
statues Galinsky (2016) 217
strong,d. Rutledge (2012) 25
sulla,l. cornelius Galinsky (2016) 217
syme,ronald Shannon-Henderson (2019) 230
tacitus,and the fatum of rome Davies (2004) 213, 216
tacitus Eidinow and Driediger-Murphy (2019) 165
temples,alterations to Shannon-Henderson (2019) 292
tiberius,astrology and Shannon-Henderson (2019) 229
tiberius,emperor,and signs Davies (2004) 213
tiberius Rutledge (2012) 25
tree portents,ficus ruminalis' Eidinow and Driediger-Murphy (2019) 165
trees Shannon-Henderson (2019) 229, 230, 290, 291, 292
trojans,as romes ancestors Rutledge (2012) 25
tumuli Shannon-Henderson (2019) 229
ubii Shannon-Henderson (2019) 291
uelut,and interpretation Davies (2004) 213
vanitas Shannon-Henderson (2019) 306
vespasian Shannon-Henderson (2019) 230
virtus Rutledge (2012) 166
vitruvius Rutledge (2012) 166
von holst,n. Rutledge (2012) 25
warburg,aby Galinsky (2016) 217