Tiresias: The Ancient Mediterranean Religions Source Database

10496

Strabo, Geography, 13.4.12

nan The parts situated next to this region towards the south as far as the Taurus are so inwoven with one another that the Phrygian and the Carian and the Lydian parts, as also those of the Mysians, since they merge into one another, are hard to distinguish. To this confusion no little has been contributed by the fact that the Romans did not divide them according to tribes, but in another way organized their jurisdictions, within which they hold their popular assemblies and their courts. Mt. Tmolus is a quite contracted mass of mountain and has only a moderate circumference, its limits lying within the territory of the Lydians themselves; but the Mesogis extends in the opposite direction as far as Mycale, beginning at Celaenae, according to Theopompus. And therefore some parts of it are occupied by the Phrygians, I mean the parts near Celaenae and Apameia, and other parts by Mysians and Lydians, and other parts by Carians and Ionians. So, also, the rivers, particularly the Maeander, form the boundary between some of the tribes, but in cases where they flow through the middle of countries they make accurate distinction difficult. And the same is to be said of the plains that are situated on either side of the mountainous territory and of the river-land. Neither should I, perhaps, attend to such matters as closely as a surveyor must, but sketch them only so far as they have been transmitted by my predecessors.

Intertexts (texts cited often on the same page as the searched text):

7 results
1. Herodotus, Histories, 3.127, 7.27-7.31 (5th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE) 7.27. In this city Pythius son of Atys, a Lydian, sat awaiting them; he entertained Xerxes himself and all the king's army with the greatest hospitality, and declared himself willing to provide money for the war. ,When Pythius offered the money, Xerxes asked the Persians present who this Pythius was and how much wealth he possessed in making the offer. They said, “O king, this is the one who gave your father Darius the gift of a golden plane-tree and vine; he is now the richest man we know of after you.” 7.28. Xerxes marvelled at this last saying and next himself asked Pythius how much wealth he had. “O king,” said Pythius, “I will not conceal the quantity of my property from you, nor pretend that I do not know; I know and will tell you the exact truth. ,As soon as I learned that you were coming down to the Greek sea, I wanted to give you money for the war, so I inquired into the matter, and my reckoning showed me that I had two thousand talents of silver, and four million Daric staters of gold, lacking seven thousand. ,All this I freely give to you; for myself, I have a sufficient livelihood from my slaves and my farms.” 7.29. Thus he spoke. Xerxes was pleased with what he said and replied: “My Lydian friend, since I came out of Persia I have so far met with no man who was willing to give hospitality to my army, nor who came into my presence unsummoned and offered to furnish money for the war, besides you. ,But you have entertained my army nobly and offer me great sums. In return for this I give you these privileges: I make you my friend, and out of my own wealth I give you the seven thousand staters which will complete your total of four million, so that your four million not lack the seven thousand and the even number be reached by my completing it. ,Remain in possession of what you now possess, and be mindful to be always such as you are; neither for the present nor in time will you regret what you now do.” 7.30. Xerxes said this and made good his words, then journeyed ever onward. Passing by the Phrygian town called Anaua, and the lake from which salt is obtained, he came to Colossae, a great city in Phrygia; there the river Lycus plunges into a cleft in the earth and disappears, until it reappears about five stadia away; this river issues into the Maeander. ,From Colossae the army held its course for the borders of Phrygia and Lydia, and came to the city of Cydrara, where there stands a pillar set up by Croesus which marks the boundary with an inscription. 7.31. Passing from Phrygia into Lydia, he came to the place where the roads part; the road on the left leads to Caria, the one on the right to Sardis; on the latter the traveller must cross the river Maeander and pass by the city of Callatebus, where craftsmen make honey out of wheat and tamarisks. Xerxes went by this road and found a plane-tree, which he adorned with gold because of its beauty, and he assigned one of his immortals to guard it. On the next day he reached the city of the Lydians.
2. Xenophon, The Persian Expedition, 1.2.6-1.2.7, 1.2.10, 1.2.13, 1.2.15-1.2.16, 1.2.18 (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE)
3. Xenophon, Hellenica, 1.1.4, 1.1.24, 3.1.10 (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE) 1.1.4. Now Mindarus caught sight of the battle as he was sacrificing to Athena at Ilium, and hurrying to the sea he launched his triremes and set out, in order to pick up the ships under Dorieus. 1.1.24. Pharnabazus, however, urged the whole Peloponnesian army and their allies not to be discouraged over a matter of ship-timber—for he said there was plenty of that in the King’s land—so long as their bodies were safe; and he not only gave to each man a cloak and subsistence for two months, but he also armed the sailors and set them as guards over his own coastline. 3.1.10. And from the outset he was so superior to Thibron in the exercise of command that he led his troops through the country of friends all the way to part of it was included in the satrapy of Pharnabazus. the Aeolis, A district in north-western Asia Minor. The northern part of it was included in the satrapy of Pharnabazus. in the territory of Pharnabazus, without doing any harm whatever to his allies. This Aeolis belonged, indeed, to Pharnabazus, but Zenis of Dardanus had, while he lived, acted as satrap of this territory for him; when Zenis fell ill and died, and Pharnabazus was preparing to give the satrapy to another man, Mania, the wife of Zenis, who was also a Dardanian, fitted out a great retinue, took presents with her to give to Pharnabazus himself and to use for winning the favour of his concubines 399 B.C. and the men who had the greatest influence at the court of Pharnabazus, and set forth to visit him. And when she had gained an audience with him, she said:
4. Cassius Dio, Roman History, 53.22.5 (2nd cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE) 53.22.5.  These were the acts of Augustus at that time. He also set out to make an expedition into Britain, but on coming to the provinces of Gaul lingered there. For the Britons seemed likely to make terms with him, and the affairs of the Gauls were still unsettled, as the civil wars had begun immediately after their subjugation. He took a census of the inhabitants and regulated their life and government. From Gaul he proceeded into Spain, and established order there also.
5. Philostratus The Athenian, Lives of The Sophists, 613, 612 (2nd cent. CE - missingth cent. CE)
6. Epigraphy, Ils, 206
7. Strabo, Geography, 2.5.31, 12.3.6, 12.3.12, 14.1.38, 14.5.16 2.5.31. From the Tanais and the Maeotis commences [Asia] on this side the Taurus; beyond these is [Asia] beyond the Taurus. For since this continent is divided into two by the chain of the Taurus, which extends from the extremities of Pamphylia to the shores of the Eastern Sea, inhabited by the Indians and neighbouring Scythians, the Greeks naturally called that part of the continent situated north of these mountains [Asia] on this side the Taurus, and that on the south [Asia] beyond the Taurus. Consequently the parts adjacent to the Maeotis and Tanais are on this side the Taurus. The first of these is the territory between the Caspian Sea and the Euxine, bounded on one side by the Tanais, the Exterior Ocean, and the Sea of Hyrcania; on the other by the isthmus where it is narrowest from the recess of the Euxine to the Caspian. Secondly, but still on this side the Taurus, are the countries above the Sea of Hyrcania as far as the Indians and Scythians, who dwell along the said sea and Mount Imaus. These countries are possessed on the one side by the Maeotae, and the people dwelling between the Sea of Hyrcania and the Euxine as far as the Caucasus, the Iberians and Albanians, viz. the Sauromatians, Scythians, Achtaeans, Zygi, and Heniochi: on the other side beyond the Sea of Hyrcania, by the Scythians, Hyrcanians, Parthians, Bactrians, Sogdians, and the other nations of India farther towards the north. To the south, partly by the Sea of Hyrcania, and partly by the whole isthmus which separates this sea from the Euxine, is situated the greater part of Armenia, Colchis, the whole of Cappadocia as far as the Euxine, and the Tibaranic nations. Further [west] is the country designated on this side the Halys, containing on the side of the Euxine and Propontis the Paphlagonians, Bithynians, Mysians, and Phrygia on the Hellespont, which comprehends the Troad; and on the side of the Aegean and adjacent seas Aeolia, Ionia, Caria, and Lycia. Inland is the Phrygia which contains that portion of Gallo-Graecia styled Galatia, Phrygia Epictetus, the Lycaonians, and the Lydians. 12.3.6. Now Heracleia is a city that has good harbors and is otherwise worthy of note, since, among other things, it has also sent forth colonies; for both Chersonesus and Callatis are colonies from it. It was at first an autonomous city, and then for some time was ruled by tyrants, and then recovered its freedom, but later was ruled by kings, when it became subject to the Romans. The people received a colony of Romans, sharing with them a part of their city and territory. But Adiatorix, the son of Domnecleius, tetrarch of the Galatians, received from Antony that part of the city which was occupied by the Heracleiotae; and a little before the Battle of Actium he attacked the Romans by night and slaughtered them, by permission of Antony, as he alleged. But after the victory at Actium he was led in triumph and slain together with his son. The city belongs to the Pontic Province which was united with Bithynia. 12.3.12. Thence, next, one comes to the outlet of the Halys River. It was named from the halae, past which it flows. It has its sources in Greater Cappadocia in Camisene near the Pontic country; and, flowing in great volume towards the west, and then turning towards the north through Galatia and Paphlagonia, it forms the boundary between these two countries and the country of the White Syrians. Both Sinopitis and all the mountainous country extending as far as Bithynia and lying above the aforesaid seaboard have shipbuilding timber that is excellent and easy to transport. Sinopitis produces also the maple and the mountain-nut, the trees from which they cut the wood used for tables. And the whole of the tilled country situated a little above the sea is planted with olive trees. 14.1.38. After Smyrna one comes to Leucae, a small town, which after the death of Attalus Philometor was caused to revolt by Aristonicus, who was reputed to belong to the royal family and intended to usurp the kingdom. Now he was banished from Smyrna, after being defeated in a naval battle near the Cymaean territory by the Ephesians, but he went up into the interior and quickly assembled a large number of resourceless people, and also of slaves, invited with a promise of freedom, whom he called Heliopolitae. Now he first fell upon Thyateira unexpectedly, and then got possession of Apollonis, and then set his efforts against other fortresses. But he did not last long; the cities immediately sent a large number of troops against him, and they were assisted by Nicomedes the Bithynian and by the kings of the Cappadocians. Then came five Roman ambassadors, and after that an army under Publius Crassus the consul, and after that Marcus Perpernas, who brought the war to an end, having captured Aristonicus alive and sent him to Rome. Now Aristonicus ended his life in prison; Perpernas died of disease; and Crassus, attacked by certain people in the neighborhood of Leucae, fell in battle. And Manius Aquillius came over as consul with ten lieutets and organized the province into the form of government that still now endures. After Leucae one comes to Phocaea, on a gulf, concerning which I have already spoken in my account of Massalia. Then to the boundaries of the Ionians and the Aeolians; but I have already spoken of these. In the interior above the Ionian Sea board there remain to be described the places in the neighborhood of the road that leads from Ephesus to Antiocheia and the Maeander River. These places are occupied by Lydians and Carians mixed with Greeks. 14.5.16. After the Cydnus River one comes to the Pyramus River, which flows from Cataonia, a river which I have mentioned before. According to Artemidorus, the distance thence to Soli in a straight voyage is five hundred stadia. Near by, also, is Mallos, situated on a height, founded by Amphilochus and Mopsus, the latter the son of Apollo and Manto, concerning whom many myths are told. And indeed I, too, have mentioned them in my account of Calchas and of the quarrel between Calchas and Mopsus about their powers of divination. For some writers transfer this quarrel, Sophocles, for example, to Cilicia, which he, following the custom of tragic poets, calls Pamphylia, just as he calls Lycia Caria and Troy and Lydia Phrygia. And Sophocles, among others, tells us that Calchas died there. But, according to the myth, the contest concerned, not only the power of divination, but also the sovereignty; for they say that Mopsus and Amphilochus went from Troy and founded Mallos, and that Amphilochus then went away to Argos, and, being dissatisfied with affairs there, returned to Mallos, but that, being excluded from a share in the government there, he fought a duel with Mopsus, and that both fell in the duel and were buried in places that were not in sight of one another. And today their tombs are to be seen in the neighborhood of Magarsa near the Pyramus River. This was the birthplace of Crates the grammarian, of whom Panaetius is said to have been a pupil.

Subjects of this text:

subject	book bibliographic info
administration,in provinces of the roman republic	Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 260
adramyttion	Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 260
aizanoi	Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 260
alabanda	Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 260
apameia in phrygia	Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 260
asia,barbarians (non-greeks) of	Munn (2006), The Mother of the Gods, Athens, and the Tyranny of Asia: A Study of Sovereignty in Ancient Religion. 67
asia,creation of the province	Hallmannsecker (2022), Roman Ionia: Constructions of Cultural Identity in Western Asia Minor, 39
asia,roman province,commonalty and dioceses in	Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 260
assizes	Ando (2013), Imperial Ideology and Provincial Loyalty in the Roman Empire, 62
athens and athenians,and drama	Munn (2006), The Mother of the Gods, Athens, and the Tyranny of Asia: A Study of Sovereignty in Ancient Religion. 67
capitals,of asia	Hallmannsecker (2022), Roman Ionia: Constructions of Cultural Identity in Western Asia Minor, 39
census,first imposition of	Ando (2013), Imperial Ideology and Provincial Loyalty in the Roman Empire, 354
census	Ando (2013), Imperial Ideology and Provincial Loyalty in the Roman Empire, 354
conventus (diocese),assize district	Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 260
cornelius sulla,lucius,general and dictator	Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 260
dioikeseis/dioiketai,seleucid and attalid	Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 260
ephesos,roman diocese	Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 260
ferrary,jean-louis	Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 260
galatia and galatians	Munn (2006), The Mother of the Gods, Athens, and the Tyranny of Asia: A Study of Sovereignty in Ancient Religion. 67
geography,local	Ando (2013), Imperial Ideology and Provincial Loyalty in the Roman Empire, 62
gordium	Munn (2006), The Mother of the Gods, Athens, and the Tyranny of Asia: A Study of Sovereignty in Ancient Religion. 67
gyges	Munn (2006), The Mother of the Gods, Athens, and the Tyranny of Asia: A Study of Sovereignty in Ancient Religion. 67
hall,edith	Munn (2006), The Mother of the Gods, Athens, and the Tyranny of Asia: A Study of Sovereignty in Ancient Religion. 67
halys river	Munn (2006), The Mother of the Gods, Athens, and the Tyranny of Asia: A Study of Sovereignty in Ancient Religion. 67
hellespont	Munn (2006), The Mother of the Gods, Athens, and the Tyranny of Asia: A Study of Sovereignty in Ancient Religion. 67
hellespont (dardanelles)	Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 260
hellespontine phrygia	Munn (2006), The Mother of the Gods, Athens, and the Tyranny of Asia: A Study of Sovereignty in Ancient Religion. 67
herodotus,geographical perspectives of	Munn (2006), The Mother of the Gods, Athens, and the Tyranny of Asia: A Study of Sovereignty in Ancient Religion. 67
homeric hymn,to aphrodite	Munn (2006), The Mother of the Gods, Athens, and the Tyranny of Asia: A Study of Sovereignty in Ancient Religion. 67
imperial cult,in asia minor	Ando (2013), Imperial Ideology and Provincial Loyalty in the Roman Empire, 62
kibyra	Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 260
kibyratike,assize district	Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 260
kibyratis,geographical area	Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 260
koinon	Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 260
kyzikos	Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 260
laminger-pascher,gertrude	Munn (2006), The Mother of the Gods, Athens, and the Tyranny of Asia: A Study of Sovereignty in Ancient Religion. 67
laodikeia on lykos	Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 260
lycaonia/lycaonians,province	Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 260
lydia and lydians,and phrygian symbols	Munn (2006), The Mother of the Gods, Athens, and the Tyranny of Asia: A Study of Sovereignty in Ancient Religion. 67
manius aquillius the elder,consul	Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 260
maps,ionian	Munn (2006), The Mother of the Gods, Athens, and the Tyranny of Asia: A Study of Sovereignty in Ancient Religion. 67
mark antony,triumvir	Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 260
mermnads	Munn (2006), The Mother of the Gods, Athens, and the Tyranny of Asia: A Study of Sovereignty in Ancient Religion. 67
midas	Munn (2006), The Mother of the Gods, Athens, and the Tyranny of Asia: A Study of Sovereignty in Ancient Religion. 67
miletus/milesians,roman diocese	Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 260
neolithic/chalcolithic age (ca.	Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 260
pamphylia/pamphylians,greek settlement,praetorian province of cilicia,	Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 260
persia and persians,empire of	Munn (2006), The Mother of the Gods, Athens, and the Tyranny of Asia: A Study of Sovereignty in Ancient Religion. 67
philadelpheia in lydia	Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 260
philomelion	Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 260
phrygia and phrygians,and trojans	Munn (2006), The Mother of the Gods, Athens, and the Tyranny of Asia: A Study of Sovereignty in Ancient Religion. 67
phrygia and phrygians,as home of kingship	Munn (2006), The Mother of the Gods, Athens, and the Tyranny of Asia: A Study of Sovereignty in Ancient Religion. 67
phrygia and phrygians,as stereotype	Munn (2006), The Mother of the Gods, Athens, and the Tyranny of Asia: A Study of Sovereignty in Ancient Religion. 67
phrygia and phrygians,dominion of	Munn (2006), The Mother of the Gods, Athens, and the Tyranny of Asia: A Study of Sovereignty in Ancient Religion. 67
phrygia and phrygians,hellespontine	Munn (2006), The Mother of the Gods, Athens, and the Tyranny of Asia: A Study of Sovereignty in Ancient Religion. 67
quintilius varus,rank,roman categories and	Ando (2013), Imperial Ideology and Provincial Loyalty in the Roman Empire, 354
rituals,administrative'	Ando (2013), Imperial Ideology and Provincial Loyalty in the Roman Empire, 354
sangarius river	Munn (2006), The Mother of the Gods, Athens, and the Tyranny of Asia: A Study of Sovereignty in Ancient Religion. 67
sardis,under lydians	Munn (2006), The Mother of the Gods, Athens, and the Tyranny of Asia: A Study of Sovereignty in Ancient Religion. 67
spain	Ando (2013), Imperial Ideology and Provincial Loyalty in the Roman Empire, 354
strabo	Munn (2006), The Mother of the Gods, Athens, and the Tyranny of Asia: A Study of Sovereignty in Ancient Religion. 67
tantalus	Munn (2006), The Mother of the Gods, Athens, and the Tyranny of Asia: A Study of Sovereignty in Ancient Religion. 67
taxes,roman,dioceses	Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 260
troad	Munn (2006), The Mother of the Gods, Athens, and the Tyranny of Asia: A Study of Sovereignty in Ancient Religion. 67
troy and trojans,and phrygians	Munn (2006), The Mother of the Gods, Athens, and the Tyranny of Asia: A Study of Sovereignty in Ancient Religion. 67
troy and trojans,kingship and	Munn (2006), The Mother of the Gods, Athens, and the Tyranny of Asia: A Study of Sovereignty in Ancient Religion. 67
xenophon of athens,on persians	Munn (2006), The Mother of the Gods, Athens, and the Tyranny of Asia: A Study of Sovereignty in Ancient Religion. 67