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657

Septuagint, 1 Maccabees, 13.11
nan He sent Jonathan the son of Absalom to Joppa, and with him a considerable army; he drove out its occupants and remained there.

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1. Septuagint, 1 Maccabees, 5.43-5.44, 5.68, 9.50-9.52, 10.26, 10.30, 10.38, 10.84, 10.89, 11.1-11.8, 11.34, 11.41, 11.59, 12.38, 13.33, 13.38, 13.43, 13.47-13.48, 14.7, 14.16, 14.33-14.34, 14.36-14.37, 15.7 (2nd cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE) 5.43. Then he crossed over against them first, and the whole army followed him. All the Gentiles were defeated before him, and they threw away their arms and fled into the sacred precincts at Carnaim. 5.44. But he took the city and burned the sacred precincts with fire, together with all who were in them. Thus Carnaim was conquered; they could stand before Judas no longer. 5.68. But Judas turned aside to Azotus in the land of the Philistines; he tore down their altars, and the graven images of their gods he burned with fire; he plundered the cities and returned to the land of Judah. 9.50. Bacchides then returned to Jerusalem and built strong cities in Judea: the fortress in Jericho, and Emmaus, and Beth-horon, and Bethel, and Timnath, and Pharathon, and Tephon, with high walls and gates and bars. 9.51. And he placed garrisons in them to harass Israel. 9.52. He also fortified the city of Beth-zur, and Gazara, and the citadel, and in them he put troops and stores of food. 10.26. Since you have kept your agreement with us and have continued your friendship with us, and have not sided with our enemies, we have heard of it and rejoiced. 10.30. and instead of collecting the third of the grain and the half of the fruit of the trees that I should receive, I release them from this day and henceforth. I will not collect them from the land of Judah or from the three districts added to it from Samaria and Galilee, from this day and for all time. 10.38. As for the three districts that have been added to Judea from the country of Samaria, let them be so annexed to Judea that they are considered to be under one ruler and obey no other authority but the high priest. 10.84. But Jonathan burned Azotus and the surrounding towns and plundered them; and the temple of Dagon, and those who had taken refuge in it he burned with fire. 10.89. and he sent to him a golden buckle, such as it is the custom to give to the kinsmen of kings. He also gave him Ekron and all its environs as his possession. 11.1. Then the king of Egypt gathered great forces, like the sand by the seashore, and many ships; and he tried to get possession of Alexanders kingdom by trickery and add it to his own kingdom. 11.2. He set out for Syria with peaceable words, and the people of the cities opened their gates to him and went to meet him, for Alexander the king had commanded them to meet him, since he was Alexanders father-in-law. 11.3. But when Ptolemy entered the cities he stationed forces as a garrison in each city. 11.4. When he approached Azotus, they showed him the temple of Dagon burned down, and Azotus and its suburbs destroyed, and the corpses lying about, and the charred bodies of those whom Jonathan had burned in the war, for they had piled them in heaps along his route. 11.5. They also told the king what Jonathan had done, to throw blame on him; but the king kept silent. 11.6. Jonathan met the king at Joppa with pomp, and they greeted one another and spent the night there. 11.7. And Jonathan went with the king as far as the river called Eleutherus; then he returned to Jerusalem. 11.8. So King Ptolemy gained control of the coastal cities as far as Seleucia by the sea, and he kept devising evil designs against Alexander. 11.34. We have confirmed as their possession both the territory of Judea and the three districts of Aphairema and Lydda and Rathamin; the latter, with all the region bordering them, were added to Judea from Samaria. To all those who offer sacrifice in Jerusalem, we have granted release from the royal taxes which the king formerly received from them each year, from the crops of the land and the fruit of the trees. 11.41. Now Jonathan sent to Demetrius the king the request that he remove the troops of the citadel from Jerusalem, and the troops in the strongholds; for they kept fighting against Israel. 11.59. Simon his brother he made governor from the Ladder of Tyre to the borders of Egypt. 12.38. And Simon built Adida in the Shephelah; he fortified it and installed gates with bolts. 13.33. But Simon built up the strongholds of Judea and walled them all around, with high towers and great walls and gates and bolts, and he stored food in the strongholds. 13.38. All the grants that we have made to you remain valid, and let the strongholds that you have built be your possession. 13.43. In those days Simon encamped against Gazara and surrounded it with troops. He made a siege engine, brought it up to the city, and battered and captured one tower. 13.47. So Simon reached an agreement with them and stopped fighting against them. But he expelled them from the city and cleansed the houses in which the idols were, and then entered it with hymns and praise. 13.48. He cast out of it all uncleanness, and settled in it men who observed the law. He also strengthened its fortifications and built in it a house for himself. 14.7. He gathered a host of captives;he ruled over Gazara and Beth-zur and the citadel,and he removed its uncleanness from it;and there was none to oppose him. 14.16. It was heard in Rome, and as far away as Sparta, that Jonathan had died, and they were deeply grieved. 14.33. He fortified the cities of Judea, and Beth-zur on the borders of Judea, where formerly the arms of the enemy had been stored, and he placed there a garrison of Jews. 14.34. He also fortified Joppa, which is by the sea, and Gazara, which is on the borders of Azotus, where the enemy formerly dwelt. He settled Jews there, and provided in those cities whatever was necessary for their restoration. 14.36. And in his days things prospered in his hands, so that the Gentiles were put out of the country, as were also the men in the city of David in Jerusalem, who had built themselves a citadel from which they used to sally forth and defile the environs of the sanctuary and do great damage to its purity. 14.37. He settled Jews in it, and fortified it for the safety of the country and of the city, and built the walls of Jerusalem higher. 15.7. and I grant freedom to Jerusalem and the sanctuary. All the weapons which you have prepared and the strongholds which you have built and now hold shall remain yours.
2. Septuagint, 2 Maccabees, 11.27, 13.25 (2nd cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE) 11.27. To the nation the king's letter was as follows:'King Antiochus to the senate of the Jews and to the other Jews, greeting.' 13.25. and went to Ptolemais. The people of Ptolemais were indigt over the treaty; in fact they were so angry that they wanted to annul its terms.
3. Josephus Flavius, Jewish Antiquities, 13.255, 13.397 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) 13.255. However, it was not till the sixth month that he took Medaba, and that not without the greatest distress of his army. After this he took Samega, and the neighboring places; and besides these, Shechem and Gerizzim, and the nation of the Cutheans 13.397. in the country of Moab, Heshbon, and Medaba, Lemba, and Oronas, Gelithon, Zara, the valley of the Cilices, and Pella; which last they utterly destroyed, because its inhabitants would not bear to change their religious rites for those peculiar to the Jews. The Jews also possessed others of the principal cities of Syria, which had been destroyed.
4. Josephus Flavius, Jewish War, 1.50 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
5. Josephus Flavius, Against Apion, 1.197 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) 1.197. “There are many strong places and villages (says he) in the country of Judea: but one strong city there is, about fifty furlongs in circumference, which is inhabited by a hundred and twenty thousand men, or thereabouts: they call it Jerusalem.
6. Tacitus, Histories, 5.8 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE) 5.8.  A great part of Judea is covered with scattered villages, but there are some towns also; Jerusalem is the capital of the Jews. In it was a temple possessing enormous riches. The first line of fortifications protected the city, the next the palace, and the innermost wall the temple. Only a Jew might approach its doors, and all save the priests were forbidden to cross the threshold. While the East was under the dominion of the Assyrians, Medes, and Persians, the Jews were regarded as the meanest of their subjects: but after the Macedonians gained supremacy, King Antiochus endeavoured to abolish Jewish superstition and to introduce Greek civilization; the war with the Parthians, however, prevented his improving this basest of peoples; for it was exactly at that time that Arsaces had revolted. Later on, since the power of Macedon had waned, the Parthians were not yet come to their strength, and the Romans were far away, the Jews selected their own kings. These in turn were expelled by the fickle mob; but recovering their throne by force of arms, they banished citizens, destroyed towns, killed brothers, wives, and parents, and dared essay every other kind of royal crime without hesitation; but they fostered the national superstition, for they had assumed the priesthood to support their civil authority.

Subjects of this text:

subject	book bibliographic info
adida	Bar Kochba (1997), Pseudo-Hecataeus on the Jews: Legitimizing the Jewish Diaspora, 123
alexander balas	Schwartz (2008), 2 Maccabees, 404
ancestral language'	Schwartz (2008), 2 Maccabees, 424
antiochus,n.	Bickerman and Tropper (2007), Studies in Jewish and Christian History, 1048
antiochus iv epiphanes	Bar Kochba (1997), Pseudo-Hecataeus on the Jews: Legitimizing the Jewish Diaspora, 129
antiochus vii	van Maaren (2022), The Boundaries of Jewishness in the Southern Levant 200 BCE–132 CE, 111
ashkelon	van Maaren (2022), The Boundaries of Jewishness in the Southern Levant 200 BCE–132 CE, 111
azotos (ashdod),pagan altars and temples destroyed	Bar Kochba (1997), Pseudo-Hecataeus on the Jews: Legitimizing the Jewish Diaspora, 129
azotus	van Maaren (2022), The Boundaries of Jewishness in the Southern Levant 200 BCE–132 CE, 111
bacchides	Bar Kochba (1997), Pseudo-Hecataeus on the Jews: Legitimizing the Jewish Diaspora, 123
beth-zur	van Maaren (2022), The Boundaries of Jewishness in the Southern Levant 200 BCE–132 CE, 111
beth basi	Bar Kochba (1997), Pseudo-Hecataeus on the Jews: Legitimizing the Jewish Diaspora, 123
beth zur	Bar Kochba (1997), Pseudo-Hecataeus on the Jews: Legitimizing the Jewish Diaspora, 123
coastal cities,battles in	Schwartz (2008), 2 Maccabees, 424
demetrius ii	Schwartz (2008), 2 Maccabees, 404
dok	Bar Kochba (1997), Pseudo-Hecataeus on the Jews: Legitimizing the Jewish Diaspora, 123
ethnic boundary making model,discursive	van Maaren (2022), The Boundaries of Jewishness in the Southern Levant 200 BCE–132 CE, 111
ethnic boundary making model,legalized discrimination	van Maaren (2022), The Boundaries of Jewishness in the Southern Levant 200 BCE–132 CE, 111
gaza	van Maaren (2022), The Boundaries of Jewishness in the Southern Levant 200 BCE–132 CE, 111
gerousia,see also council of elders	Schwartz (2008), 2 Maccabees, 404
gezer	Bar Kochba (1997), Pseudo-Hecataeus on the Jews: Legitimizing the Jewish Diaspora, 123, 129; van Maaren (2022), The Boundaries of Jewishness in the Southern Levant 200 BCE–132 CE, 111, 114
greeks	van Maaren (2022), The Boundaries of Jewishness in the Southern Levant 200 BCE–132 CE, 114
hasmonean period,construction of fortresses during	Bar Kochba (1997), Pseudo-Hecataeus on the Jews: Legitimizing the Jewish Diaspora, 123
hasmonean period,violence against foreign religions	Bar Kochba (1997), Pseudo-Hecataeus on the Jews: Legitimizing the Jewish Diaspora, 129
idumea	van Maaren (2022), The Boundaries of Jewishness in the Southern Levant 200 BCE–132 CE, 111
idumeans	van Maaren (2022), The Boundaries of Jewishness in the Southern Levant 200 BCE–132 CE, 114
inscriptions	Schwartz (2008), 2 Maccabees, 424
itureans	van Maaren (2022), The Boundaries of Jewishness in the Southern Levant 200 BCE–132 CE, 114
jaffa	Bar Kochba (1997), Pseudo-Hecataeus on the Jews: Legitimizing the Jewish Diaspora, 123, 129
jerusalem,akra	Bar Kochba (1997), Pseudo-Hecataeus on the Jews: Legitimizing the Jewish Diaspora, 123, 129
jews,destroy pagan cults and temples	Bar Kochba (1997), Pseudo-Hecataeus on the Jews: Legitimizing the Jewish Diaspora, 129
john hyrcanus i	van Maaren (2022), The Boundaries of Jewishness in the Southern Levant 200 BCE–132 CE, 111, 114
jonathan,destroys pagan temples	Bar Kochba (1997), Pseudo-Hecataeus on the Jews: Legitimizing the Jewish Diaspora, 129
jonathan	Bar Kochba (1997), Pseudo-Hecataeus on the Jews: Legitimizing the Jewish Diaspora, 123; Schwartz (2008), 2 Maccabees, 404
jonathan (hasmonean)	van Maaren (2022), The Boundaries of Jewishness in the Southern Levant 200 BCE–132 CE, 111
joppa	van Maaren (2022), The Boundaries of Jewishness in the Southern Levant 200 BCE–132 CE, 111, 114
judas maccabaeus	Bar Kochba (1997), Pseudo-Hecataeus on the Jews: Legitimizing the Jewish Diaspora, 129
judea,fortresses in	Bar Kochba (1997), Pseudo-Hecataeus on the Jews: Legitimizing the Jewish Diaspora, 123
judea	van Maaren (2022), The Boundaries of Jewishness in the Southern Levant 200 BCE–132 CE, 111
maccabees,tradition	Bickerman and Tropper (2007), Studies in Jewish and Christian History, 1048
maccabees (books)	Bickerman and Tropper (2007), Studies in Jewish and Christian History, 1048
paralia	van Maaren (2022), The Boundaries of Jewishness in the Southern Levant 200 BCE–132 CE, 111
phoenicians	van Maaren (2022), The Boundaries of Jewishness in the Southern Levant 200 BCE–132 CE, 114
pseudo-hecataeus,on the jews,dating,terminus post quem	Bar Kochba (1997), Pseudo-Hecataeus on the Jews: Legitimizing the Jewish Diaspora, 123, 129
samaria	van Maaren (2022), The Boundaries of Jewishness in the Southern Levant 200 BCE–132 CE, 111
samaritans	van Maaren (2022), The Boundaries of Jewishness in the Southern Levant 200 BCE–132 CE, 114
seleucid empire	van Maaren (2022), The Boundaries of Jewishness in the Southern Levant 200 BCE–132 CE, 111
seleucid period,conquests by jews in	Bar Kochba (1997), Pseudo-Hecataeus on the Jews: Legitimizing the Jewish Diaspora, 129
shatzman,i.	Bar Kochba (1997), Pseudo-Hecataeus on the Jews: Legitimizing the Jewish Diaspora, 123
shephela	Bar Kochba (1997), Pseudo-Hecataeus on the Jews: Legitimizing the Jewish Diaspora, 123
simeon,destroys foreign cults	Bar Kochba (1997), Pseudo-Hecataeus on the Jews: Legitimizing the Jewish Diaspora, 129
simeon,fortifies judea	Bar Kochba (1997), Pseudo-Hecataeus on the Jews: Legitimizing the Jewish Diaspora, 123
simon (hasmonean)	van Maaren (2022), The Boundaries of Jewishness in the Southern Levant 200 BCE–132 CE, 111
temple (jerusalem),mount	Bar Kochba (1997), Pseudo-Hecataeus on the Jews: Legitimizing the Jewish Diaspora, 123
trans-jordan	Bar Kochba (1997), Pseudo-Hecataeus on the Jews: Legitimizing the Jewish Diaspora, 129
yavneh	van Maaren (2022), The Boundaries of Jewishness in the Southern Levant 200 BCE–132 CE, 111