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Tiresias: The Ancient Mediterranean Religions Source Database



9418
Plato, Phaedo, 108a


μὲν γὰρ ἁπλῆν οἶμόν φησιν εἰς Ἅιδου φέρειν, ἡ δ᾽ οὔτε ἁπλῆ οὔτε μία φαίνεταί μοι εἶναι. οὐδὲ γὰρ ἂν ἡγεμόνων ἔδει: οὐ γάρ πού τις ἂν διαμάρτοι οὐδαμόσε μιᾶς ὁδοῦ οὔσης. νῦν δὲ ἔοικε σχίσεις τε καὶ τριόδους πολλὰς ἔχειν: ἀπὸ τῶν θυσιῶν τε καὶ νομίμων τῶν ἐνθάδε τεκμαιρόμενος λέγω. ἡ μὲν οὖν κοσμία τε καὶ φρόνιμος ψυχὴ ἕπεταί τε καὶ οὐκ ἀγνοεῖ τὰ παρόντα: ἡ δ’ ἐπιθυμητικῶς τοῦ σώματος ἔχουσα, ὅπερ ἐν τῷ ἔμπροσθεν εἶπον, περὶ ἐκεῖνο πολὺνfor he says a simple path leads to the lower world, but I think the path is neither simple nor single, for if it were, there would be no need of guides, since no one could miss the way to any place if there were only one road. But really there seem to be many forks of the road and many windings; this I infer from the rites and ceremonies practiced here on earth. Now the orderly and wise soul follows its guide and understands its circumstances; but the soul that is desirous of the body, as I said before, flits about it, and in the visible world for a long time


Intertexts (texts cited often on the same page as the searched text):

18 results
1. Hesiod, Works And Days, 122-126, 121 (8th cent. BCE - 7th cent. BCE)

121. There was no dread old age but, always rude
2. Aristophanes, Clouds, 319 (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE)

319. ταῦτ' ἄρ' ἀκούσας' αὐτῶν τὸ φθέγμ' ἡ ψυχή μου πεπότηται
3. Aristophanes, Frogs, 291, 290 (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE)

290. τοτὲ μέν γε βοῦς, νυνὶ δ' ὀρεύς, τοτὲ δ' αὖ γυνὴ
4. Plato, Apology of Socrates, 27d (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE)

27d. gods or children of gods? Yes, or no? Certainly. Then if I believe in spirits, as you say, if spirits are a kind of gods, that would be the puzzle and joke which I say you are uttering in saying that I, while I do not believe in gods, do believe In gods again, since I believe in spirits; but if, on the other hand, spirits are a kind of bastard children of gods, by nymphs or by any others, whoever their mothers are said to be, what man would believe that there are children of gods, but no gods? It would be just as absurd
5. Plato, Cratylus, 400c, 397c (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE)

397c. Hermogenes. I think you are right, Socrates. Socrates. Then is it not proper to begin with the gods and see how the gods are rightly called by that name? Hermogenes. That is reasonable. Socrates. Something of this sort, then, is what I suspect: I think the earliest men in Greece believed only in those gods in whom many foreigners believe today—
6. Plato, Gorgias, 493b (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE)

493b. in these uninitiate that part of the soul where the desires are, the licentious and fissured part, he named a leaky jar in his allegory, because it is so insatiate. So you see this person, Callicles, takes the opposite view to yours, showing how of all who are in Hades—meaning of course the invisible—these uninitiate will be most wretched, and will carry water into their leaky jar with a sieve which is no less leaky. And then by the sieve
7. Plato, Greater Hippias, 293b, 293a (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE)

293a. and for the gods themselves? Hipp. What’s that? Confound it! These questions of the fellow’s are not even respectful to religion. Soc. Well, then, when another asks the question, perhaps it is not quite disrespectful to religion to say that these things are so? Hipp. Perhaps. Soc. Perhaps, then, you are the man, he will say, who says that it is beautiful for every one and always to be buried by one’s offspring, and to bury one’s parents; or was not Heracles included in ’every one,’ he and all those whom we just now mentioned? Hipp. But I did not say it was so for the gods. Soc. Nor for the heroes either, apparently.
8. Plato, Laws, 10.906a, 10.910a, 5.730a, 7.799a, 7.818c, 716e, 777d, 8.828b, 8.848d (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE)

9. Plato, Phaedo, 107e, 108b, 108c, 112e-113c, 113d, 114e, 62b, 65e, 69b, 69c, 80b1, 80d, 80e, 84e-85b, 107d (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE)

107d. from evil or be saved in any other way than by becoming as good and wise as possible. For the soul takes with it to the other world nothing but its education and nurture, and these are said to benefit or injure the departed greatly from the very beginning of his journey thither. And so it is said that after death, the tutelary genius of each person, to whom he had been allotted in life, leads him to a place where the dead are gathered together; then they are judged and depart to the other world
10. Plato, Phaedrus, 246e (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE)

246e. it partakes of the nature of the divine. But the divine is beauty, wisdom, goodness, and all such qualities; by these then the wings of the soul are nourished and grow, but by the opposite qualities, such as vileness and evil, they are wasted away and destroyed. Socrates. Now the great leader in heaven, Zeus, driving a winged chariot, goes first, arranging all things and caring for all things.
11. Plato, Republic, 10.617e, 611c, 611d (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE)

12. Plato, Theaetetus, 177a (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE)

177a. cleverness, the blessed place that is pure of all things evil will not receive them after death, and here on earth they will always live the life like themselves—evil men associating with evil—when they hear this, they will be so confident in their unscrupulous cleverness that they will think our words the talk of fools. THEO. Very true, Socrates.
13. Plato, Timaeus, 90b, 90c, 90a (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE)

90a. wherefore care must be taken that they have their motions relatively to one another in due proportion. And as regards the most lordly kind of our soul, we must conceive of it in this wise: we declare that God has given to each of us, as his daemon, that kind of soul which is housed in the top of our body and which raises us—seeing that we are not an earthly but a heavenly plant up from earth towards our kindred in the heaven. And herein we speak most truly; for it is by suspending our head and root from that region whence the substance of our soul first came that the Divine Power
14. Xenophon, Memoirs, 1.3.3 (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE)

1.3.3. Though his sacrifices were humble, according to his means, he thought himself not a whit inferior to those who made frequent and magnificent sacrifices out of great possessions. The gods (he said) could not well delight more in great offerings than in small — for in that case must the gifts of the wicked often have found more favour in their sight than the gifts of the upright — and man would not find life worth having, if the gifts of the wicked were received with more favour by the gods than the gifts of the upright. No, the greater the piety of the giver, the greater (he thought) was the delight of the gods in the gift. He would quote with approval the line: According to thy power render sacrifice to the immortal gods, Hes. WD 336 and he would add that in our treatment of friends and strangers, and in all our behaviour, it is a noble principle to render according to our power.
15. Plutarch, Moralia, 943c (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)

16. Lucian, The Dream, Or The Cock, 2 (2nd cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)

17. Pausanias, Description of Greece, 10.28.7 (2nd cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)

10.28.7. Higher up than the figures I have enumerated comes Eurynomus, said by the Delphian guides to be one of the demons in Hades, who eats off all the flesh of the corpses, leaving only their bones. But Homer's Odyssey, the poem called the Minyad, and the Returns, although they tell of Hades, and its horrors, know of no demon called Eurynomus. However, I will describe what he is like and his attitude in the painting. He is of a color between blue and black, like that of meat flies; he is showing his teeth and is seated, and under him is spread a vulture's skin.
18. Olympiodorus The Younger of Alexandria, In Platonis Phaedonem Commentaria, 1.3-1.5, 1.13 (6th cent. CE - 6th cent. CE)



Subjects of this text:

subject book bibliographic info
afterlife (also survival) Delcomminette, d’Hoine, and Gavray, Ancient Readings of Plato’s Phaedo (2015) 140
afterlife lots, filth and muck Edmonds, Myths of the Underworld Journey: Plato, Aristophanes, and the ‘Orphic’ Gold Tablets (2004) 137
allegory/allegorical interpretation Delcomminette, d’Hoine, and Gavray, Ancient Readings of Plato’s Phaedo (2015) 140
anakalypteria Seaford, Tragedy, Ritual and Money in Ancient Greece: Selected Essays (2018) 197
apollo of delphi on, approving cult decisions Mikalson, Greek Popular Religion in Greek Philosophy (2010) 23
aristophanes, clouds Seaford, Tragedy, Ritual and Money in Ancient Greece: Selected Essays (2018) 371
bakkhoi Delcomminette, d’Hoine, and Gavray, Ancient Readings of Plato’s Phaedo (2015) 140
blessed de Jáuregui, Orphism and Christianity in Late Antiquity (2010) 172
body, hatred of Corrigan and Rasimus, Gnosticism, Platonism and the Late Ancient World (2013) 533
body, relation to soul Corrigan and Rasimus, Gnosticism, Platonism and the Late Ancient World (2013) 533
body Corrigan and Rasimus, Gnosticism, Platonism and the Late Ancient World (2013) 533; Delcomminette, d’Hoine, and Gavray, Ancient Readings of Plato’s Phaedo (2015) 140
commentary (on the phaedo) Delcomminette, d’Hoine, and Gavray, Ancient Readings of Plato’s Phaedo (2015) 140
daimones, and sacrifice Mikalson, Greek Popular Religion in Greek Philosophy (2010) 23
daimones, heraclitus on Mikalson, Greek Popular Religion in Greek Philosophy (2010) 23
daimones, of hesiod Mikalson, Greek Popular Religion in Greek Philosophy (2010) 23
daimones, of plato Mikalson, Greek Popular Religion in Greek Philosophy (2010) 23
daimones, of the dead Mikalson, Greek Popular Religion in Greek Philosophy (2010) 23
daimones Mikalson, Greek Popular Religion in Greek Philosophy (2010) 23
damascius Delcomminette, d’Hoine, and Gavray, Ancient Readings of Plato’s Phaedo (2015) 140
dead, the, as daimones Mikalson, Greek Popular Religion in Greek Philosophy (2010) 23
dead, the, divine guidance concerning Mikalson, Greek Popular Religion in Greek Philosophy (2010) 23
dead, the Mikalson, Greek Popular Religion in Greek Philosophy (2010) 23
death and the afterlife, hades (underworld) Eidinow and Kindt, The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Greek Religion (2015) 562
death and the afterlife, isles of the blessed/elysian fields Eidinow and Kindt, The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Greek Religion (2015) 562
death and the afterlife, judgement and punishment Eidinow and Kindt, The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Greek Religion (2015) 562
death and the afterlife, link between living and the dead Eidinow and Kindt, The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Greek Religion (2015) 562
death and the afterlife, memory survival Eidinow and Kindt, The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Greek Religion (2015) 562
death and the afterlife, tartaros (abyss below hades) Eidinow and Kindt, The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Greek Religion (2015) 562
empedocles Seaford, Tragedy, Ritual and Money in Ancient Greece: Selected Essays (2018) 197
eschatology, and catharsis in plato Petrovic and Petrovic, Inner Purity and Pollution in Greek Religion (2016) 76
festivals Mikalson, Greek Popular Religion in Greek Philosophy (2010) 23
fire, and punishment Corrigan and Rasimus, Gnosticism, Platonism and the Late Ancient World (2013) 533
fire, river of Corrigan and Rasimus, Gnosticism, Platonism and the Late Ancient World (2013) 533
gnostic, gnosticism Corrigan and Rasimus, Gnosticism, Platonism and the Late Ancient World (2013) 533
guide, daimonic Edmonds, Myths of the Underworld Journey: Plato, Aristophanes, and the ‘Orphic’ Gold Tablets (2004) 138
hades, place de Jáuregui, Orphism and Christianity in Late Antiquity (2010) 172
hades Corrigan and Rasimus, Gnosticism, Platonism and the Late Ancient World (2013) 533; Seaford, Tragedy, Ritual and Money in Ancient Greece: Selected Essays (2018) 371
heraclitus, and daimones Mikalson, Greek Popular Religion in Greek Philosophy (2010) 23
heraclitus Seaford, Tragedy, Ritual and Money in Ancient Greece: Selected Essays (2018) 197
heroes, as deities, as children of the gods Mikalson, Greek Popular Religion in Greek Philosophy (2010) 23
heroes, as deities, as class of deities Mikalson, Greek Popular Religion in Greek Philosophy (2010) 23
hymns Mikalson, Greek Popular Religion in Greek Philosophy (2010) 23
initiates de Jáuregui, Orphism and Christianity in Late Antiquity (2010) 172
initiation, eleusinian/mysteries Corrigan and Rasimus, Gnosticism, Platonism and the Late Ancient World (2013) 533
initiation, philosophical Corrigan and Rasimus, Gnosticism, Platonism and the Late Ancient World (2013) 533
initiation de Jáuregui, Orphism and Christianity in Late Antiquity (2010) 172
journey de Jáuregui, Orphism and Christianity in Late Antiquity (2010) 172
justice, as means of purification in plato Petrovic and Petrovic, Inner Purity and Pollution in Greek Religion (2016) 76
life de Jáuregui, Orphism and Christianity in Late Antiquity (2010) 172
life (in the general philosophical sense) Delcomminette, d’Hoine, and Gavray, Ancient Readings of Plato’s Phaedo (2015) 140
metaneira Corrigan and Rasimus, Gnosticism, Platonism and the Late Ancient World (2013) 533
metempsychosis Seaford, Tragedy, Ritual and Money in Ancient Greece: Selected Essays (2018) 197
mnemosyne de Jáuregui, Orphism and Christianity in Late Antiquity (2010) 172
multiplicity Edmonds, Myths of the Underworld Journey: Plato, Aristophanes, and the ‘Orphic’ Gold Tablets (2004) 192
mysteries Corrigan and Rasimus, Gnosticism, Platonism and the Late Ancient World (2013) 533
mystery cult Seaford, Tragedy, Ritual and Money in Ancient Greece: Selected Essays (2018) 197, 371
mystic initiation, anxiety in Seaford, Tragedy, Ritual and Money in Ancient Greece: Selected Essays (2018) 371
mystic initiation, transition to joy in Seaford, Tragedy, Ritual and Money in Ancient Greece: Selected Essays (2018) 371
myth/mythology, bricolage' Eidinow and Kindt, The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Greek Religion (2015) 562
myth Delcomminette, d’Hoine, and Gavray, Ancient Readings of Plato’s Phaedo (2015) 140
olympiodorus Delcomminette, d’Hoine, and Gavray, Ancient Readings of Plato’s Phaedo (2015) 140
orpheus, literary author de Jáuregui, Orphism and Christianity in Late Antiquity (2010) 172
orphism Delcomminette, d’Hoine, and Gavray, Ancient Readings of Plato’s Phaedo (2015) 140
parmenides Seaford, Tragedy, Ritual and Money in Ancient Greece: Selected Essays (2018) 197
path in the underworld, finding the way Edmonds, Myths of the Underworld Journey: Plato, Aristophanes, and the ‘Orphic’ Gold Tablets (2004) 137
path in the underworld, fork in the road (crossroads) Edmonds, Myths of the Underworld Journey: Plato, Aristophanes, and the ‘Orphic’ Gold Tablets (2004) 192
persephone (goddess) Eidinow and Kindt, The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Greek Religion (2015) 562
pherecydes Seaford, Tragedy, Ritual and Money in Ancient Greece: Selected Essays (2018) 197
plato, conception of the afterlife Eidinow and Kindt, The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Greek Religion (2015) 562
plato, influence on philosophers views on the proper service of the gods and purity Petrovic and Petrovic, Inner Purity and Pollution in Greek Religion (2016) 76
plato, phaedo Seaford, Tragedy, Ritual and Money in Ancient Greece: Selected Essays (2018) 371
plato, phaedrus Seaford, Tragedy, Ritual and Money in Ancient Greece: Selected Essays (2018) 371
plato, redefines purity and purification Petrovic and Petrovic, Inner Purity and Pollution in Greek Religion (2016) 76
plato Corrigan and Rasimus, Gnosticism, Platonism and the Late Ancient World (2013) 533
platonism, athenian neoplatonism Delcomminette, d’Hoine, and Gavray, Ancient Readings of Plato’s Phaedo (2015) 140
plotinus Corrigan and Rasimus, Gnosticism, Platonism and the Late Ancient World (2013) 533
plutarch Seaford, Tragedy, Ritual and Money in Ancient Greece: Selected Essays (2018) 371
prayers, and daimones Mikalson, Greek Popular Religion in Greek Philosophy (2010) 23
psyche as seat of purity/impurity, in plato Petrovic and Petrovic, Inner Purity and Pollution in Greek Religion (2016) 76
purification (katharsis) Delcomminette, d’Hoine, and Gavray, Ancient Readings of Plato’s Phaedo (2015) 140
pythagoreanism/pythagoreans Delcomminette, d’Hoine, and Gavray, Ancient Readings of Plato’s Phaedo (2015) 140
recollection Delcomminette, d’Hoine, and Gavray, Ancient Readings of Plato’s Phaedo (2015) 140
restless dead, wandering soul Edmonds, Myths of the Underworld Journey: Plato, Aristophanes, and the ‘Orphic’ Gold Tablets (2004) 192
restless dead Edmonds, Myths of the Underworld Journey: Plato, Aristophanes, and the ‘Orphic’ Gold Tablets (2004) 192
riddles Seaford, Tragedy, Ritual and Money in Ancient Greece: Selected Essays (2018) 197
sacrifice, animal, rejection of, theophrastus Petrovic and Petrovic, Inner Purity and Pollution in Greek Religion (2016) 76
sacrifices, and daimones Mikalson, Greek Popular Religion in Greek Philosophy (2010) 23
sanctuaries, and daimones Mikalson, Greek Popular Religion in Greek Philosophy (2010) 23
simplicity Edmonds, Myths of the Underworld Journey: Plato, Aristophanes, and the ‘Orphic’ Gold Tablets (2004) 192
socrates Petrovic and Petrovic, Inner Purity and Pollution in Greek Religion (2016) 76
soul, immortality of Seaford, Tragedy, Ritual and Money in Ancient Greece: Selected Essays (2018) 197
soul, individual Corrigan and Rasimus, Gnosticism, Platonism and the Late Ancient World (2013) 533
soul, journey to underworld Seaford, Tragedy, Ritual and Money in Ancient Greece: Selected Essays (2018) 197
soul, of dead de Jáuregui, Orphism and Christianity in Late Antiquity (2010) 172
soul, orphic doctrine de Jáuregui, Orphism and Christianity in Late Antiquity (2010) 172
statues of gods Mikalson, Greek Popular Religion in Greek Philosophy (2010) 23
strepsiades Seaford, Tragedy, Ritual and Money in Ancient Greece: Selected Essays (2018) 371
suicide Delcomminette, d’Hoine, and Gavray, Ancient Readings of Plato’s Phaedo (2015) 140
tablets, orphic gold de Jáuregui, Orphism and Christianity in Late Antiquity (2010) 172
temples Mikalson, Greek Popular Religion in Greek Philosophy (2010) 23
theophrastus Petrovic and Petrovic, Inner Purity and Pollution in Greek Religion (2016) 76
transmigration (of the soul) Delcomminette, d’Hoine, and Gavray, Ancient Readings of Plato’s Phaedo (2015) 140
underworld Corrigan and Rasimus, Gnosticism, Platonism and the Late Ancient World (2013) 533
virtue Delcomminette, d’Hoine, and Gavray, Ancient Readings of Plato’s Phaedo (2015) 140
wisdom Corrigan and Rasimus, Gnosticism, Platonism and the Late Ancient World (2013) 533
xenophon Petrovic and Petrovic, Inner Purity and Pollution in Greek Religion (2016) 76