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Tiresias: The Ancient Mediterranean Religions Source Database



9250
Philo Of Alexandria, Who Is The Heir, 45-46


nanBut there are three kinds of life. The first life, to God; the second, with respect to the creature; the third, is on the borders of both, being compounded of the two others. Now, the life to God has not descended to us, and has not come to the necessities of the body. Again, life with respect to the creature has not wholly ascended up to heaven, nor has it sought to ascend, but it lurks in unapproachable recesses, and rejoices in a life which is no life.


nanAnd the mingled kind is that one which often ascends upwards, being conducted upwards by the better part, and it gazes on divine things, and contemplates them; but still it often turns back, being dragged in the contrary direction by the worse part: and when the portion of the better life, as if placed in the balance of a scale, outweighs the whole, then the weight of the opposite kinds of life is dragged in the contrary direction, so that the lightest weight appears to be in the opposite scale.


Intertexts (texts cited often on the same page as the searched text):

32 results
1. Hebrew Bible, Song of Songs, 6.10 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE)

6.10. Who is she that looketh forth as the dawn, Fair as the moon, Clear as the sun, Terrible as an army with banners?
2. Hebrew Bible, Deuteronomy, 18.1-18.2, 30.20 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE)

18.1. לֹא־יִהְיֶה לַכֹּהֲנִים הַלְוִיִּם כָּל־שֵׁבֶט לֵוִי חֵלֶק וְנַחֲלָה עִם־יִשְׂרָאֵל אִשֵּׁי יְהוָה וְנַחֲלָתוֹ יֹאכֵלוּן׃ 18.1. לֹא־יִמָּצֵא בְךָ מַעֲבִיר בְּנוֹ־וּבִתּוֹ בָּאֵשׁ קֹסֵם קְסָמִים מְעוֹנֵן וּמְנַחֵשׁ וּמְכַשֵּׁף׃ 18.2. אַךְ הַנָּבִיא אֲשֶׁר יָזִיד לְדַבֵּר דָּבָר בִּשְׁמִי אֵת אֲשֶׁר לֹא־צִוִּיתִיו לְדַבֵּר וַאֲשֶׁר יְדַבֵּר בְּשֵׁם אֱלֹהִים אֲחֵרִים וּמֵת הַנָּבִיא הַהוּא׃ 18.2. וְנַחֲלָה לֹא־יִהְיֶה־לּוֹ בְּקֶרֶב אֶחָיו יְהוָה הוּא נַחֲלָתוֹ כַּאֲשֶׁר דִּבֶּר־לוֹ׃ 18.1. The priests the Levites, even all the tribe of Levi, shall have no portion nor inheritance with Israel; they shall eat the offerings of the LORD made by fire, and His inheritance." 18.2. And they shall have no inheritance among their brethren; the LORD is their inheritance, as He hath spoken unto them." 30.20. to love the LORD thy God, to hearken to His voice, and to cleave unto Him; for that is thy life, and the length of thy days; that thou mayest dwell in the land which the LORD swore unto thy fathers, to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob, to give them."
3. Hebrew Bible, Genesis, 2.24, 17.22, 28.13, 35.13 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE)

2.24. עַל־כֵּן יַעֲזָב־אִישׁ אֶת־אָבִיו וְאֶת־אִמּוֹ וְדָבַק בְּאִשְׁתּוֹ וְהָיוּ לְבָשָׂר אֶחָד׃ 17.22. וַיְכַל לְדַבֵּר אִתּוֹ וַיַּעַל אֱלֹהִים מֵעַל אַבְרָהָם׃ 28.13. וְהִנֵּה יְהוָה נִצָּב עָלָיו וַיֹּאמַר אֲנִי יְהוָה אֱלֹהֵי אַבְרָהָם אָבִיךָ וֵאלֹהֵי יִצְחָק הָאָרֶץ אֲשֶׁר אַתָּה שֹׁכֵב עָלֶיהָ לְךָ אֶתְּנֶנָּה וּלְזַרְעֶךָ׃ 35.13. וַיַּעַל מֵעָלָיו אֱלֹהִים בַּמָּקוֹם אֲשֶׁר־דִּבֶּר אִתּוֹ׃ 2.24. Therefore shall a man leave his father and his mother, and shall cleave unto his wife, and they shall be one flesh." 17.22. And He left off talking with him, and God went up from Abraham." 28.13. And, behold, the LORD stood beside him, and said: ‘I am the LORD, the God of Abraham thy father, and the God of Isaac. The land whereon thou liest, to thee will I give it, and to thy seed." 35.13. And God went up from him in the place where He spoke with him."
4. Hebrew Bible, Malachi, 3.20 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE)

3.20. But unto you that fear My name shall the sun of righteousness arise with healing in its wings; and ye shall go forth, and gambol as calves of the stall."
5. Hebrew Bible, Psalms, 89.37 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE)

89.37. זַרְעוֹ לְעוֹלָם יִהְיֶה וְכִסְאוֹ כַשֶּׁמֶשׁ נֶגְדִּי׃ 89.37. His seed shall endure for ever, And his throne as the sun before Me."
6. Hebrew Bible, Jeremiah, 2.13 (8th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)

2.13. כִּי־שְׁתַּיִם רָעוֹת עָשָׂה עַמִּי אֹתִי עָזְבוּ מְקוֹר מַיִם חַיִּים לַחְצֹב לָהֶם בֹּארוֹת בֹּארֹת נִשְׁבָּרִים אֲשֶׁר לֹא־יָכִלוּ הַמָּיִם׃ 2.13. For My people have committed two evils: They have forsaken Me, the fountain of living waters, and hewed them out cisterns, broken cisterns, That can hold no water."
7. Hebrew Bible, Judges, 5 (8th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)

8. Hebrew Bible, Ezekiel, 11.22-11.24 (6th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)

11.22. וַיִּשְׂאוּ הַכְּרוּבִים אֶת־כַּנְפֵיהֶם וְהָאוֹפַנִּים לְעֻמָּתָם וּכְבוֹד אֱלֹהֵי־יִשְׂרָאֵל עֲלֵיהֶם מִלְמָעְלָה׃ 11.23. וַיַּעַל כְּבוֹד יְהוָה מֵעַל תּוֹךְ הָעִיר וַיַּעֲמֹד עַל־הָהָר אֲשֶׁר מִקֶּדֶם לָעִיר׃ 11.24. וְרוּחַ נְשָׂאַתְנִי וַתְּבִיאֵנִי כַשְׂדִּימָה אֶל־הַגּוֹלָה בַּמַּרְאֶה בְּרוּחַ אֱלֹהִים וַיַּעַל מֵעָלַי הַמַּרְאֶה אֲשֶׁר רָאִיתִי׃ 11.22. Then did the cherubim lift up their wings, and the wheels were beside them; and the glory of the God of Israel was over them above." 11.23. And the glory of the LORD went up from the midst of the city, and stood upon the mountain which is on the east side of the city." 11.24. And a spirit lifted me up, and brought me in the vision by the spirit of God into Chaldea, to them of the captivity. So the vision that I had seen went up from Me."
9. Anon., 1 Enoch, 72 (3rd cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE)

72. The book of the courses of the luminaries of the heaven, the relations of each, according to their classes, their dominion and their seasons, according to their names and places of origin, and according to their months, which Uriel, the holy angel, who was with me, who is their guide, showed me; and he showed me all their laws exactly as they are, and how it is with regard to all the years of the world,and unto eternity, till the new creation is accomplished which dureth till eternity. And this is the first law of the luminaries: the luminary the Sun has its rising in the eastern portals of the heaven,,and its setting in the western portals of the heaven. And I saw six portals in which the sun rises, and six portals in which the sun sets and the moon rises and sets in these portals, and the leaders of the stars and those whom they lead: six in the east and six in the west, and all following each other,in accurately corresponding order: also many windows to the right and left of these portals. And first there goes forth the great luminary, named the Sun, and his circumference is like the,circumference of the heaven, and he is quite filled with illuminating and heating fire. The chariot on which he ascends, the wind drives, and the sun goes down from the heaven and returns through the north in order to reach the east, and is so guided that he comes to the appropriate (lit. ' that ') portal and,shines in the face of the heaven. In this way he rises in the first month in the great portal, which,is the fourth [those six portals in the cast]. And in that fourth portal from which the sun rises in the first month are twelve window-openings, from which proceed a flame when they are opened in,their season. When the sun rises in the heaven, he comes forth through that fourth portal thirty,,mornings in succession, and sets accurately in the fourth portal in the west of the heaven. And during this period the day becomes daily longer and the night nightly shorter to the thirtieth,morning. On that day the day is longer than the night by a ninth part, and the day amounts exactly to ten parts and the night to eight parts. And the sun rises from that fourth portal, and sets in the fourth and returns to the fifth portal of the east thirty mornings, and rises from it and sets in the fifth,portal. And then the day becomes longer by two parts and amounts to eleven parts, and the night,becomes shorter and amounts to seven parts. And it returns to the east and enters into the sixth",portal, and rises and sets in the sixth portal one-and-thirty mornings on account of its sign. On that day the day becomes longer than the night, and the day becomes double the night, and the day,becomes twelve parts, and the night is shortened and becomes six parts. And the sun mounts up to make the day shorter and the night longer, and the sun returns to the east and enters into the,sixth portal, and rises from it and sets thirty mornings. And when thirty mornings are accomplished,,the day decreases by exactly one part, and becomes eleven parts, and the night seven. And the sun goes forth from that sixth portal in the west, and goes to the east and rises in the fifth portal for,thirty mornings, and sets in the west again in the fifth western portal. On that day the day decreases by two parts, and amounts to ten parts and the night to eight parts. And the sun goes forth from that fifth portal and sets in the fifth portal of the west, and rises in the fourth portal for one-,and-thirty mornings on account of its sign, and sets in the west. On that day the day is equalized with the night, [and becomes of equal length], and the night amounts to nine parts and the day to,nine parts. And the sun rises from that portal and sets in the west, and returns to the east and rises,thirty mornings in the third portal and sets in the west in the third portal. And on that day the night becomes longer than the day, and night becomes longer than night, and day shorter than day till the thirtieth morning, and the night amounts exactly to ten parts and the day to eight,parts. And the sun rises from that third portal and sets in the third portal in the west and returns to the east, and for thirty mornings rises,in the second portal in the east, and in like manner sets in the second portal in the west of the heaven. And on that day the night amounts to eleven,parts and the day to seven parts. And the sun rises on that day from that second portal and sets in the west in the second portal, and returns to the east into the first portal for one-and-thirty,mornings, and sets in the first portal in the west of the heaven. And on that day the night becomes longer and amounts to the double of the day: and the night amounts exactly to twelve parts and,the day to six. And the sun has (therewith) traversed the divisions of his orbit and turns again on those divisions of his orbit, and enters that portal thirty mornings and sets also in the west,opposite to it. And on that night has the night decreased in length by a ninth part, and the night,has become eleven parts and the day seven parts. And the sun has returned and entered into the second portal in the east, and returns on those his divisions of his orbit for thirty mornings, rising,and setting. And on that day the night decreases in length, and the night amounts to ten parts,and the day to eight. And on that day the sun rises from that portal, and sets in the west, and returns to the east, and rises in the third portal for one-and-thirty mornings, and sets in the west of the heaven.,On that day the night decreases and amounts to nine parts, and the day to nine parts, and the night,is equal to the day and the year is exactly as to its days three hundred and sixty-four. And the length of the day and of the night, and the shortness of the day and of the night arise-through the course,of the sun these distinctions are made (lit. ' they are separated '). So it comes that its course becomes",daily longer, and its course nightly shorter. And this is the law and the course of the sun, and his return as often as he returns sixty times and rises, i.e. the great luminary which is named the sun, for ever and ever. And that which (thus) rises is the great luminary, and is so named according to,its appearance, according as the Lord commanded. As he rises, so he sets and decreases not, and rests not, but runs day and night, and his light is sevenfold brighter than that of the moon; but as regards size they are both equal.
10. Anon., Jubilees, 2.7, 4.21 (2nd cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE)

2.7. And thereupon we saw His works, and praised Him, and lauded before Him on account of all His works; for seven great works did He create on the first day. 4.21. And he was the first among men that are born on earth who learnt writing and knowledge and wisdom
11. Septuagint, Wisdom of Solomon, 5.6 (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. BCE)

5.6. So it was we who strayed from the way of truth,and the light of righteousness did not shine on us,and the sun did not rise upon us.
12. Philo of Alexandria, On Husbandry, 51, 54, 50 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE)

13. Philo of Alexandria, On The Preliminary Studies, 87 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE)

87. Therefore, real true life, above everything else, consists in the judgments and commandments of God, so that the customs and practices of the impious must be death: but there are some races which take no note of passions and wickednesses, from whom the multitudes of impious persons and wickedness are sprung.
14. Philo of Alexandria, On Flight And Finding, 97, 197 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE)

197. We must now speak also concerning that highest and most excellent of fountains which the Father of the universe spake of by the mouths of the prophets; for he has said somewhere, "They have left me, the fountain of life, and they have digged for themselves cisterns already worn out, which will not be able to hold Water;
15. Philo of Alexandria, On Giants, 60-64, 14 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE)

14. These, then, are the souls of those who have been taught some kind of sublime philosophy, meditating, from beginning to end, on dying as to the life of the body, in order to obtain an inheritance of the incorporeal and imperishable life, which is to be enjoyed in the presence of the uncreate and everlasting God.
16. Philo of Alexandria, On The Migration of Abraham, 199-207, 34-35, 198 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE)

17. Philo of Alexandria, On The Change of Names, 104, 115, 117-118, 223, 103 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE)

103. And indeed the scriptures at one time call the father-in-law of the first prophets Jother, and at another time Raguel-Jother, when pride is flourishing and at its height; for the name Jother being interpreted means "superfluous," and pride is superfluous in an honest and sincere life, turning into ridicule, as it does, all that is equal and necessary to life, and honouring the unequal things of excess and covetousness.
18. Philo of Alexandria, On The Creation of The World, 135, 134 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE)

134. After this, Moses says that "God made man, having taken clay from the earth, and he breathed into his face the breath of life." And by this expression he shows most clearly that there is a vast difference between man as generated now, and the first man who was made according to the image of God. For man as formed now is perceptible to the external senses, partaking of qualities, consisting of body and soul, man or woman, by nature mortal. But man, made according to the image of God, was an idea, or a genus, or a seal, perceptible only by the intellect, incorporeal, neither male nor female, imperishable by nature.
19. Philo of Alexandria, On The Posterity of Cain, 135 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE)

135. on which account Moses, in strict accordance with the principles of natural philosophy, represents Leah as Hated. For those whom the charms of pleasures, which are with Rachel, that is to say, with the outward sense, cannot be endured by Leah, who is situated out of the reach of the passions; on which account they repudiate and detest her. But as far as she herself is concerned, her alienation from the creature produces her a close connection with God, from whom she receives the seeds of wisdom, and conceives, and travails, and brings forth virtuous ideas, worthy of the father who begot them. If therefore, you, O my soul, imitating Leah, reject mortal things, you will of necessity turn to the incorruptible God, who will shed over you all the fountains of his good. XLI.
20. Philo of Alexandria, On The Sacrifices of Cain And Abel, 45 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE)

45. The mind bearing this rejects pleasure, and attaches itself to virtue, perceiving its genuine, and unalloyed, and very divine beauty. Then it becomes the shepherd of sheep, being the charioteer and pilot of the irrational faculties which exist in the soul, "not permitting them to be borne about at random and in an inconsistent manner, without any superintendant or guide; that they may not fall into a sort of orphan state, destitute of guardians and protectors, owing to their want of any allies, in which case they would perish without any saving hand to restrain them. XI.
21. Philo of Alexandria, On Dreams, 1 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE)

22. Philo of Alexandria, Allegorical Interpretation, 1.94, 3.100-3.103 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE)

1.94. Therefore there is no need of addressing either command, or prohibition, or recommendation to the man who is perfect, and made according to the image of God; For the perfect man requires none of these things; but there is a necessity of addressing both command and prohibition to the wicked man, and recommendation and instruction to the ignorant man. Just as the perfect grammarian or perfect musician has need of no instruction in the matters which belong to his art, but the man whose theories on such subjects are imperfect stands in need of certain rules, as it were, which contain in themselves commands and prohibitions, and he who is only learning the art requires instruction.
23. Philo of Alexandria, Who Is The Heir, 172, 205-206, 259, 42, 44, 46, 48-49, 171 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE)

171. The fifth commandment is about the honour due to parents. For this also is a sacred command; having reference not to men, but to him who is the cause of birth and existence of the universe, in accordance with whom it is that fathers and mothers appear to generate children; not generating them themselves, but only being the instruments of generation in his hands.
24. Mishnah, Avodah Zarah, 3.1, 3.3 (1st cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE)

3.1. All images are prohibited because they are worshipped once a year, according to the opinion of Rabbi Meir; But the Sages say: [an image] is not prohibited except one that has a staff or bird or orb in its hand. Rabban Shimon b. Gamaliel says: any [image] which has anything in its hand [is prohibited]." 3.3. If one finds utensils upon which is the figure of the sun or moon or a dragon, he casts them into the Dead Sea. Rabban Shimon ben Gamaliel says: if [one of these figures] is upon precious utensils they are prohibited, but if upon common utensils they are permitted. Rabbi Yose says: he may grind [an idol] to powder and scatter it to the wind or throw it into the sea. They said to him, even so it may then become manure, as it says, “let nothing that has been proscribed stick to your hand (Deuteronomy 13:18)”."
25. New Testament, Apocalypse, 12.1 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)

12.1. A great sign was seen in heaven: a woman clothed with the sun, and the moon under her feet, and on her head a crown of twelve stars.
26. New Testament, Matthew, 13.43, 17.2 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)

13.43. Then the righteous will shine forth like the sun in the kingdom of their Father. He who has ears to hear, let him hear. 17.2. He was transfigured before them. His face shone like the sun, and his garments became as white as the light.
27. Anon., Qohelet Rabba, 1.11 (2nd cent. CE - 5th cent. CE)

28. Anon., Genesis Rabba, 44.17, 47.6, 58.1, 69.4, 97.8 (2nd cent. CE - 5th cent. CE)

44.17. וַיְהִי הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ לָבוֹא (בראשית טו, יב), רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ דְּסִכְנִין בְּשֵׁם רַבִּי לֵוִי אָמַר תְּחִלַּת מַפָּלָה שֵׁנָה, דָּמִיךְ לֵיהּ וְלָא לָעֵי בְּאוֹרַיְיתָא, דָּמִיךְ לֵיהּ וְלָא עָבֵיד עֲבוֹדָה. רַב אָמַר שְׁלשָׁה תַּרְדֵּמוֹת הֵן, תַּרְדֵּמַת שֵׁנָה, וְתַרְדֵּמַת נְבוּאָה, וְתַרְדֵּמַת מַרְמִיטָה. תַּרְדֵּמַת שֵׁנָה (בראשית ב, כא): וַיַּפֵּל ה' אֱלֹהִים תַּרְדֵּמָה עַל הָאָדָם וַיִּישָׁן. תַּרְדֵּמַת נְבוּאָה: וַיְהִי הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ לָבוֹא וְתַרְדֵּמָה נָפְלָה עַל אַבְרָם, וְתַרְדֵּמַת מַרְמִיטָה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (שמואל א כו, יב): וְאֵין רֹאֶה וְאֵין יוֹדֵעַ וְאֵין מֵקִיץ כִּי כֻלָּם יְשֵׁנִים כִּי תַּרְדֵּמַת ה' נָפְלָה עֲלֵיהֶם. וְרַבָּנָן אָמְרֵי אַף תַּרְדֵּמָה שֶׁל שְׁטוּת, דִּכְתִיב (ישעיה כט, י): כִּי נָסַךְ ה' עֲלֵיכֶם רוּחַ תַּרְדֵּמָה וגו'. רַבִּי חֲנִינָה בַּר יִצְחָק אָמַר שָׁלשׁ נוֹבְלוֹת הֵן, נוֹבְלוֹת מִיתָה, שֵׁנָה. נוֹבְלוֹת נְבוּאָה, חֲלוֹם. נוֹבְלוֹת הָעוֹלָם הַבָּא, שַׁבָּת. רַבִּי אָבִין מוֹסִיף תַּרְתֵּין, נוֹבְלוֹת אוֹרָה שֶׁל מַעְלָה, גַּלְגַּל חַמָּה. נוֹבְלוֹת חָכְמָה שֶׁל מַעְלָה, תּוֹרָה. (בראשית טו, יב): וְהִנֵּה אֵימָה חֲשֵׁכָה גְדֹלָה נֹפֶלֶת עָלָיו. אֵימָה, זוֹ בָּבֶל, דִּכְתִיב (דניאל ג, יט): בֵּאדַיִן נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּר הִתְמְלִי חֱמָא. חֲשֵׁכָה, זוֹ מָדַי, שֶׁהֶחֱשִׁיכָה עֵינֵיהֶם שֶׁל יִשְׂרָאֵל בְּצוֹם וּבְתַעֲנִית. גְּדֹלָה, זוֹ יָוָן. רַבִּי סִימוֹן וְרַבָּנָן, רַבִּי סִימוֹן אָמַר מֵאָה וְעֶשְׂרִים דּוּכָסִים, מֵאָה וְעֶשְׂרִים אִפַּרְכוּן, מֵאָה וְעֶשְׂרִים אִסְטְרַטְלִיטִין. וְרַבָּנָן אָמְרֵי מִשִּׁשִׁים שִׁשִּׁים, דִּכְתִיב (דברים ח, טו): נָחָשׁ שָׂרָף וְעַקְרָב. נָחָשׁ, זוֹ בָּבֶל. שָׂרָף, זוֹ מָדַי. עַקְרָב, זֶה יָוָן. מָה עַקְרָב זוֹ יוֹלֶדֶת לְשִׁשִּׁים שִׁשִּׁים, כָּךְ הֶעֱמִידָה מַלְכוּת יָוָן מִשִּׁשִּׁים שִׁשִּׁים. נֹפֶלֶת עָלָיו, זוֹ אֱדוֹם, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (ירמיה מט, כא): מִקּוֹל נִפְלָם רָעֲשָׁה הָאָרֶץ. וְיֵשׁ שֶׁמַּחְלִיפִין, נוֹפֶלֶת עָלָיו, זוֹ בָּבֶל, דִּכְתִיב בָּהּ (ישעיה כא, ט): נָפְלָה נָפְלָה בָּבֶל. גְּדֹלָה, זוֹ מָדַי, דִּכְתִיב (אסתר ג, א): אַחַר הַדְּבָרִים הָאֵלֶּה גִּדַּל הַמֶּלֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ. חֲשֵׁכָה, זוֹ יָוָן, שֶׁהֶחֱשִׁיכָה עֵינֵיהֶם שֶׁל יִשְׂרָאֵל בִּגְזֵרוֹתֶיהָ, שֶׁהָיְתָה אוֹמֶרֶת לְיִשְׂרָאֵל כִּתְבוּ עַל קֶרֶן הַשּׁוֹר שֶׁאֵין לָכֶם חֵלֶק בֵּאלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל. אֵימָה, זוֹ אֱדוֹם, דִּכְתִיב (דניאל ז, ז): וַאֲרוּ חֵיוָה רְבִיעָאָה דְּחִילָה וְאֵימְתָנִי וְתַקִּיפָא יַתִּירָה. 47.6. וַיְכַל לְדַבֵּר אִתּוֹ (בראשית יז, כב), תָּנֵי הַנִּפְטָר מֵחֲבֵרוֹ בֵּין גָּדוֹל בֵּין קָטָן צָרִיךְ לִטֹּל מִמֶּנּוּ רְשׁוּת, מִמִּי אַתְּ לָמֵד, מֵאַבְרָהָם, פַּעַם אַחַת הָיָה אַבְרָהָם מְדַבֵּר עִם הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא בָּאוּ מַלְאֲכֵי הַשָּׁרֵת לְדַבֵּר עִמּוֹ, אָמַר לָהֶן נִפָּטֵר מִן הַשְּׁכִינָה שֶׁהִיא גְדוֹלָה מִכֶּם תְּחִלָּה, אַחַר כָּךְ אֲנִי מְדַבֵּר עִמָּכֶם, כֵּיוָן שֶׁדִּבֵּר עִם הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא כָּל צָרְכּוֹ, אָמַר לְפָנָיו רִבּוֹן הָעוֹלָמִים צָרִיךְ אֲנִי לְדָבָר, אָמַר לוֹ הִפָּטֵר בְּשָׁלוֹם, הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב (בראשית יז, כב): וַיַּעַל אֱלֹהִים מֵעַל אַבְרָהָם. אָמַר רֵישׁ לָקִישׁ הָאָבוֹת הֵן הֵן הַמֶּרְכָּבָה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: וַיַּעַל אֱלֹהִים מֵעַל אַבְרָהָם, (בראשית לה, יג): וַיַּעַל מֵעָלָיו אֱלֹהִים, (בראשית כח, יג): וְהִנֵּה ה' נִצָּב עָלָיו. 58.1. וַיִּהְיוּ חַיֵּי שָׂרָה מֵאָה שָׁנָה (בראשית כג, א), (תהלים לז, יח): יוֹדֵעַ ה' יְמֵי תְמִימִם וְנַחֲלָתָם לְעוֹלָם תִּהְיֶה, כְּשֵׁם שֶׁהֵן תְּמִימִים כָּךְ שְׁנוֹתָם תְּמִימִים, בַּת עֶשְׂרִים כְּבַת שֶׁבַע לְנוֹי, בַּת מֵאָה כְּבַת עֶשְׂרִים שָׁנָה לְחֵטְא. דָּבָר אַחֵר, יוֹדֵעַ ה' יְמֵי תְמִימִם, זוֹ שָׂרָה שֶׁהָיְתָה תְּמִימָה בְּמַעֲשֶׂיהָ, אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן כַּהֲדָא עֶגְלְתָא תְּמִימָה, וְנַחֲלָתָם לְעוֹלָם תִּהְיֶה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: וַיִּהְיוּ חַיֵּי שָׂרָה, מַה צֹּרֶךְ לוֹמַר שְׁנֵי חַיֵּי שָׂרָה בָּאַחֲרוֹנָה, לוֹמַר לְךָ שֶׁחָבִיב חַיֵּיהֶם שֶׁל צַדִּיקִים לִפְנֵי הַמָּקוֹם בָּעוֹלָם הַזֶּה וְלָעוֹלָם הַבָּא. 69.4. רַבִּי חֲנִינָא בְּשֵׁם רַבִּי פִּינְחָס אָמַר שְׁמוֹנָה עֶשְׂרֵה פְּעָמִים מַזְכִּיר הָאָבוֹת בַּתּוֹרָה, וּכְנֶגֶד כֵּן קָבְעוּ חֲכָמִים שְׁמוֹנָה עֶשְׂרֵה בְּרָכוֹת שֶׁבַּתְּפִלָּה, וְאִם יֹאמַר לְךָ אָדָם תִּשְׁעָה עָשָׂר הֵם, אֱמֹר לוֹ וְהִנֵּה ה' נִצָּב עָלָיו, לֵית הוּא מִן הַמִּנְיָן. וְאִם יֹאמַר לְךָ אָדָם שִׁבְעָה עָשָׂר הֵם, אֱמֹר לוֹ (בראשית מח, טז): וְיִקָּרֵא בָהֶם שְׁמִי וְשֵׁם אֲבֹתַי אַבְרָהָם וְיִצְחָק, חַד מִנְהוֹן. (בראשית כח, יג): הָאָרֶץ אֲשֶׁר אַתָּה שֹׁכֵב עָלֶיהָ לְךָ אֶתְּנֶנָּה וּלְזַרְעֶךָ, רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן מִשּׁוּם בַּר קַפָּרָא אָמַר קְפָלָהּ כְּפִינְקָס וּנְתָנָהּ תַּחַת רֹאשׁוֹ, כְּאֵינַשׁ דַּאֲמַר מִן תְּחוֹת רֵישָׁא דִידָךְ. רַב הוּנָא בְּשֵׁם רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר אָמַר וּבִלְבַד שֶׁיְהֵא נִקְבַּר עָלֶיהָ.
29. Anon., Leviticus Rabba, 19.6, 28.1, 30.2, 31.9 (2nd cent. CE - 5th cent. CE)

19.6. דָּבָר אַחֵר, וְאִשָּׁה כִּי יָזוּב זוֹב דָּמָהּ, מִי קִיֵּם מִצְוַת זִיבָה יְכָנְיָהוּ בֶּן יְהוֹיָקִים, אָמְרוּ כֵּיוָן שֶׁעָלָה נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּר לְהַחֲרִיב אֶת יְרוּשָׁלַיִם עָלָה וְיָשַׁב לוֹ בְּדַפְנִי שֶׁל אַנְטוֹכְיָא, יָרְדָה סַנְהֶדְּרֵי גְדוֹלָה לִקְרָאתוֹ אָמְרוּ לוֹ הִגִּיעַ זְמַנּוֹ שֶׁל בַּיִת זֶה לִיחָרֵב, אָמַר לָהֶם לָאו, אֶלָּא יְהוֹיָקִים מָרַד בִּי תְּנוּהוּ לִי וְאֵלֵךְ, בָּאוּ אֶצְלוֹ וְאָמְרוּ לוֹ לִיהוֹיָקִים נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּר בָּעֵי לָךְ, אָמַר לָהֶן כָּךְ עוֹשִׂין, דּוֹחִין נֶפֶשׁ מִפְּנֵי נֶפֶשׁ, דּוֹחִין נַפְשִׁי וּמְקַיֵּם נַפְשֵׁיכוֹן, כְּתִיב (דברים כג, טז): לֹא תַסְגִּיר עֶבֶד אֶל אֲדוֹנָיו, אָמְרוּ לוֹ לֹא כָךְ עָשְׂתָה זְקֵנָתְךָ לְשֶׁבַע בֶּן בִּכְרִי, כֵּיוָן שֶׁלֹּא שָׁמַע לָהֶם עָמְדוּ וּנְטָלוּהוּ וְשִׁלְשְׁלוּהוּ לוֹ. וְכֵיצַד שִׁלְשְׁלוּהוּ, רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר וְרַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן, רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר בֶּן רַבִּי נָתָן אוֹמֵר חַי שִׁלְשְׁלוּ אוֹתוֹ, כְּמָה דְאַתְּ אָמַר (יחזקאל יט, ט): וַיִּתְּנֻהוּ בַסּוּגַר בַּחַחִים, בַּחַיִּים כְּתִיב. רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר מֵת שִׁלְשְׁלוּ אוֹתוֹ לוֹ, כְּמָה דְאַתְּ אָמַר (יחזקאל יט, ט): לְמַעַן לֹא יִשָּׁמַע קוֹלוֹ עוֹד. אָמַר רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בֶּן לֵוִי אֲנִי מְקַיֵּם דִּבְרֵי שְׁנֵיהֶם, חַי שִׁלְשְׁלוּ אוֹתוֹ אֶלָּא שֶׁהָיָה מְפֻנָּק וּמֵת בְּיָדָם. מֶה עָשָׂה לוֹ נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּר, רַבִּי יְהוּדָה וְרַבִּי נְחֶמְיָה, רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר נְטָלוֹ וְהֶחֱזִירוּהוּ בְּכָל עָרֵי יְהוּדָה, וְיָשַׁב עָלָיו בְּפָרָדִימוֹס וַהֲרָגוֹ, וְקָרַע אֶת הַחֲמוֹר וְהִכְנִיסוּהוּ לְתוֹכוֹ, הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב (ירמיה כב, יט): קְבוּרַת חֲמוֹר יִקָּבֵר. רַבִּי נְחֶמְיָה אוֹמֵר נְטָלוֹ וְהֶחֱזִירוֹ בְּכָל עָרֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וַהֲרָגוֹ וְהָיָה מְחַתֵּךְ מִמֶּנּוּ כְּזֵיתִים וּמַשְׁלִיךְ לַכְּלָבִים, הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב: קְבוּרַת חֲמוֹר יִקָּבֵר, הֵיכָן הִיא קְבוּרַת חֲמוֹר לֹא בִּמְעִי הַכֶּלֶב, הוּא שֶׁהַנָּבִיא מְקַנְתֵּר עָלָיו וְאוֹמֵר (מלכים ב כד, ה): וְיֶתֶר דִּבְרֵי יְהוֹיָקִים וְכָל אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה, רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן אָמַר תְּלָתָא אֳמוֹרָאִין חַד אָמַר שֶׁהָיָה לָבוּשׁ כִּלְאַיִם, וְחַד אָמַר שֶׁמָּשַׁךְ לוֹ עָרְלָה, וְחַד אָמַר שֶׁנִּמְצֵאת כְּתוֹבַת קַעְקַע חֲקוּקָה עַל בְּשָׂרוֹ. רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן אָמַר עַל יְדֵי שֶׁבָּא עַל אִמּוֹ וְעַל כַּלָּתוֹ וְעַל אֵשֶׁת אָבִיו, דְּאָמַר רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן כְּלָלוֹ שֶׁל דָּבָר בַּפֶּתַח שֶׁיָּצָא בּוֹ נִכְנָס. רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בֶּן לֵוִי אָמַר עַל שֶׁהוֹשִׁיב בִּירָנִיּוֹת בִּירוּשָׁלַיִם, מַהוּ בִּירָנִיּוֹת, בָּיְירָן צָיְירָן, שֶׁהָיָה הוֹרֵג אֶת בַּעֲלֵיהֶן וּמְעַנֶּה אֶת נְשֵׁיהֶם וּמַכְנִיס מָמוֹנָם לַטִּמְיוֹן, הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב (יחזקאל יט, ז): וַיֵּדַע אַלְמְנוֹתָיו. כֵּיוָן שֶׁהֲרָגוֹ נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּר הִמְלִיךְ אֶת יְכָנְיָה בְּנוֹ תַּחְתָּיו וְיָרַד לוֹ לְבָבֶל, יָצְאוּ כָּל בְּנֵי בָבֶל לְקַלְּסוֹ, אָמְרוּ לוֹ מֶה עָשִׂיתָ, אָמַר לָהֶם יְהוֹיָקִים מָרַד בִּי וַהֲרַגְתִּיו וְהִמְלַכְתִּי יְכָנְיָה בְּנוֹ תַּחְתָּיו, אָמְרוּ לוֹ מַתְלָא אָמַר גּוּר טַב מִכֶּלֶב בִּישׁ לָא תְרַבֵּי, גּוּר בִּישׁ מִכֶּלֶב בִּישׁ עַל אַחַת כַּמָּה וְכַמָּה. מִיָּד שָׁמַע לָהֶם וְעָלָה וְיָשַׁב בְּדַפְנִי שֶׁל אַנְטוֹכְיָא, יָרְדוּ סַנְהֶדְרֵי גְדוֹלָה לִקְרָאתוֹ וְאָמְרוּ לוֹ הִגִּיעַ זְמַנּוֹ שֶׁל בַּיִת זֶה לִיחָרֵב, אָמַר לָהֶם לֹא, אֶלָּא אוֹתוֹ שֶׁהִמְלַכְתִּי תְּנוּהוּ לִי וַאֲנִי הוֹלֵךְ לִי. אָזְלִין אָמְרִין לִיכָנְיָה נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּר בָּעֵי לָךְ, מֶה עָשָׂה עָמַד וְכִנֵּס כָּל מַפְתְּחוֹת בֵּית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ וְעָלָה לְרֹאשׁ הַגַּג וְאָמַר רִבּוֹנוֹ שֶׁל עוֹלָם הוֹאִיל וְלֹא זָכִינוּ לִהְיוֹת גִּזְבָּרִין לְפָנֶיךָ, עַד עַכְשָׁיו הָיִינוּ בַּעֲלֵי בָּתִּים נֶאֱמָנִים לְפָנֶיךָ, מִכָּאן וָאֵילָךְ הֲרֵי מַפְתְּחוֹתֶיךָ לְפָנֶיךָ. תְּרֵין אֳמוֹרָאִין חַד אָמַר כְּמִין יַד שֶׁל אֵשׁ יָרְדָה וּנְטָלָתַן מִמֶּנּוּ, וְחַד אָמַר מִשָּׁעָה שֶׁזְּרָקָן עוֹד לֹא יָרְדוּ. מָה הָיוּ בַּחוּרֵיהֶן שֶׁל יִשְׂרָאֵל עוֹשִׂין, הָיוּ עוֹלִין לְרֹאשׁ גַּגּוֹתֵיהֶן וְנוֹפְלִים מֵתִים, הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב (ישעיה כב, א): מַשָּׂא גֵיא חִזָּיוֹן מַה לָּךְ אֵפוֹא כִּי עָלִית כֻּלָּךְ לַגַּגּוֹת. מֶה עָשָׂה נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּר, נְטָלוֹ וַחֲבָשׁוֹ בְּבֵית הָאֲסוּרִים, וְכָל מִי שֶׁהָיָה נֶחְבַּשׁ בְּיָמָיו לֹא הָיָה יוֹצֵא מִשָּׁם לְעוֹלָם, עַל שׁוּם (ישעיה יד, יז): אֲסִירָיו לֹא פָתַח בָּיְתָה. גָּלָה יְהוֹיָכִין וְגָלְתָה סַנְהֶדְּרֵי גְדוֹלָה עִמּוֹ, הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב (ירמיה כב, כח): הַעֶצֶב נִבְזֶה נָפוּץ, רַבִּי אַבָּא בַּר כַּהֲנָא אָמַר כָּעֶצֶם הַזֶּה שֶׁל מֹחַ שֶׁבְּשָׁעָה שֶׁאַתָּה מְנַפְּצוֹ אֵינוֹ יָפֶה לִמְאוּמָה כו', עַד שְׁאַלְתִּיאֵל שָׁאַל הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא לְבֵית דִּין שֶׁל מַעְלָה וְהִתִּירוּ לוֹ אֶת נִדְרוֹ, בְּאוֹתָהּ שָׁעָה יָשְׁבָה סַנְהֶדְּרֵי גְדוֹלָה עַל דַּעְתָּהּ וְאָמְרוּ בְּיָמֵינוּ מַלְכוּת בֵּית דָּוִד פּוֹסֶקֶת, אוֹתוֹ שֶׁכָּתוּב בּוֹ (תהלים פט, לז): וְכִסְאוֹ כַשֶּׁמֶשׁ נֶגְדִּי, מַה נַּעֲשֶׂה נֵלֵךְ וּנְפַיֵּס לַגַּדֶּלֶת, וְגַדֶּלֶת לַמַּלְכָּה, וּמַלְכָּה לַמֶּלֶךְ. הָלְכוּ וּפִיְּסוּ לַגַּדֶּלֶת, וְגַדֶּלֶת לַמַּלְכָה, וּמַלְכָּה לַמֶּלֶךְ. מָה הָיָה שֵׁם אִשְׁתּוֹ שֶׁל נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּר, רַב הוּנָא אָמַר שְׁמִירָם שְׁמָהּ, רַבִּי אָבִין אָמַר שְׁמִירָמוֹת שְׁמָהּ, וְרַבָּנָן אָמְרִין שְׁמִירַעַם שְׁמָהּ, עַל יְדֵי שֶׁנּוֹלְדָה בְּרָעַם. כֵּיוָן שֶׁבָּא נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּר לְהִזָּקֵק לָהּ אָמְרָה לוֹ אַתְּ מֶלֶךְ וִיכָנְיָה אֵינוֹ מֶלֶךְ, אַתָּה מְבַקֵּשׁ תַּפְקִידְךָ וִיכָנְיָה אֵינוֹ מְבַקֵּשׁ תַּפְקִידוֹ, מִיָּד גָּזַר וְנָתְנוּ לוֹ אִשְׁתּוֹ, וְכֵיצַד שִׁלְשְׁלוּהָ לוֹ, רַבִּי שַׁבְּתַי אָמַר דֶּרֶךְ קִנְקָלִין שִׁלְשְׁלוּהָ לוֹ, וְרַבָּנָן אָמְרֵי פָּתְחוּ הַמַּעֲזִיבָה וְשִׁלְשְׁלוּהָ לוֹ, כֵּיוָן שֶׁבָּא לְהִזָּקֵק לָהּ אָמְרָה כְּשׁוֹשַׁנָּה אֲדֻמָּה רָאִיתִי, פֵּרַשׁ מִמֶּנָּהּ, מִיָּד הָלְכָה וְסָפְרָה וְטָהֲרָה וְטָבְלָה, אָמַר לוֹ הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא בִּירוּשָׁלַיִם לֹא קִיַּמְתֶּם מִצְוַת זִיבָה וְעַתָּה אַתֶּם מְקַיְּמִים, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (זכריה ט, יא): גַּם אַתְּ בְּדַם בְּרִיתֵךְ שִׁלַחְתִּי אֲסִירַיִךְ מִבּוֹר, נִזְכַּרְתֶּם אוֹתוֹ הַדָּם שֶׁבְּסִינַי בִּשְׁבִיל כֵּן שִׁלַּחְתִּי אֲסִירַיִךְ, אָמַר רַבִּי שַׁבְּתַי לֹא זָז מִשָּׁם עַד שֶׁמָּחַל לוֹ הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא עַל כָּל עֲוֹנוֹתָיו, עַל אוֹתָהּ שָׁעָה אָמַר (שיר השירים ד, ז): כֻּלָּךְ יָפָה רַעְיָתִי וּמוּם אֵין בָּךְ, יָצְתָה בַּת קוֹל וְאָמְרָה לָהֶם (ירמיה ג, כב): שׁוּבוּ בָּנִים שׁוֹבָבִים אֶרְפָּא מְשׁוּבוֹתֵיכֶם. 28.1. דַּבֵּר אֶל בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וַהֲבֵאתֶם אֶת עֹמֶר רֵאשִׁית קְצִירְכֶם אֶל הַכֹּהֵן (ויקרא כג, י), הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב (קהלת א, ג): מַה יִּתְרוֹן לָאָדָם בְּכָל עֲמָלוֹ שֶׁיַּעֲמֹל תַּחַת הַשָּׁמֶשׁ, אָמַר רַבִּי בִּנְיָמִין בֶּן לֵוִי בִּקְשׁוּ לִגְנֹז סֵפֶר קֹהֶלֶת שֶׁמָּצְאוּ בּוֹ דְּבָרִים שֶׁהֵם נוֹטִין לְצַד מִינוּת, אָמְרוּ כָּךְ הָיָה רָאוּי שְׁלֹמֹה לוֹמַר (קהלת יא, ט): שְׂמַח בָּחוּר בְּיַלְדוּתֶךָ וִיטִיבְךָ לִבְּךָ בִּימֵי בְחוּרוֹתֶיךָ, משֶׁה אָמַר (במדבר טו, לט): וְלֹא תָתוּרוּ אַחֲרֵי לְבַבְכֶם וְאַחֲרֵי עֵינֵיכֶם, וּשְׁלֹמֹה אָמַר (קהלת יא, ט): וְהַלֵּךְ בְּדַרְכֵי לִבְּךָ וּבְמַרְאֵה עֵינֶיךָ, אֶלָּא הֻתְּרָה רְצוּעָה לֵית דִּין וְלֵית דַּיָּן, כֵּיוָן שֶׁאָמַר (קהלת יא, ט): וְדָע כִּי עַל כָּל אֵלֶּה יְבִיאֲךָ הָאֱלֹהִים בַּמִּשְׁפָּט, אָמְרוּ יָפֶה אָמַר שְׁלֹמֹה. אָמַר רַבִּי שְׁמוּאֵל בַּר נַחְמָנִי בִּקְּשׁוּ לִגְנֹז סֵפֶר קֹהֶלֶת שֶׁמָּצְאוּ בוֹ דְּבָרִים שֶׁהֵם נוֹטִים לְצַד מִינוּת, אָמְרוּ כָּךְ הָיָה שְׁלֹמֹה צָרִיךְ לוֹמַר: מַה יִּתְרוֹן לָאָדָם, יָכוֹל אַף בַּעֲמָלָהּ שֶׁל תּוֹרָה בַּמַּשְׁמָע, חָזְרוּ וְאָמְרוּ אִלּוּ אָמַר בְּכָל עָמָל וְשָׁתַק הָיִינוּ אוֹמְרִים אַף בַּעֲמָלָהּ שֶׁל תּוֹרָה בַּמַּשְׁמָע הוּא, הָא אֵינוֹ אוֹמֵר אֶלָּא בְּכָל עֲמָלוֹ, בַּעֲמָלוֹ הוּא שֶׁאֵינוֹ מוֹעִיל אֲבָל בַּעֲמָלוֹ שֶׁל תּוֹרָה מוֹעִיל. אָמַר רַבִּי יוּדָן תַּחַת הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ אֵין לוֹ, לְמַעְלָה מִן הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ יֵשׁ לוֹ. רַבִּי לֵוִי וְרַבָּנָן, רַבִּי לֵוִי אוֹמֵר כָּל מַה שֶּׁהַבְּרִיּוֹת מְגַדְּלִין בְּמִצְווֹת וּבְמַעֲשִׂים טוֹבִים בָּעוֹלָם הַזֶּה דַּיָּן שֶׁהַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא מַזְרִיחַ לָהֶם אֶת הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (קהלת א, ה): וְזָרַח הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ וּבָא הַשָּׁמֶשׁ. וְרַבָּנָן אָמְרֵי כָּל מַה שֶּׁהַצַּדִּיקִים מְגַדְּלִין בְּמִצְווֹת וּבְמַעֲשִׂים טוֹבִים בָּעוֹלָם הַזֶּה, דַּיָּן שֶׁהַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא מְחַדֵּשׁ פְּנֵיהֶם כְּגַלְגַּל חַמָּה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (שופטים ה, לא): וְאֹהֲבָיו כְּצֵאת הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ בִּגְבֻרָתוֹ. אָמַר רַבִּי יַנַאי בְּנֹהַג שֶׁבָּעוֹלָם, אָדָם לוֹקֵחַ לִטְרָא אַחַת שֶׁל בָּשָׂר מִן הַשּׁוּק, כַּמָּה יְגִיעוֹת הוּא יָגֵעַ, כַּמָּה צַעַר הוּא מִצְטָעֵר עַד שֶׁבִּשְּׁלָהּ, וְהַבְּרִיּוֹת יְשֵׁנִין עַל מִטּוֹתֵיהֶן וְהַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא מַשִּׁיב רוּחוֹת וּמַעֲלֶה עֲנָנִים וּמְגַדֵּל צְמָחִים וּמְדַשֵּׁן אֶת הַפֵּרוֹת, וְאֵין נוֹתְנִים לוֹ אֶלָּא שְׂכַר הָעֹמֶר, הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב: וַהֲבֵאתֶם אֶת עֹמֶר רֵאשִׁית קְצִירְכֶם אֶל הַכֹּהֵן. 30.2. דָּבָר אַחֵר, וּלְקַחְתֶּם לָכֶם, הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב (תהלים טז, יא): תּוֹדִיעֵנִי אֹרַח חַיִּים שׂבַע שְׂמָחוֹת, אָמַר דָּוִד לִפְנֵי הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא תּוֹדִיעֵנִי בְּאֵיזֶה פִּילוֹן מְפֻלָּשׁ לְחַיֵּי הָעוֹלָם הַבָּא, רַבִּי יוּדָן אָמַר, אָמַר הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא לְדָוִד אִם חַיִּים אַתָּה צָרִיךְ, יִסּוּרִין אַתָּה צָרִיךְ, כְּדִכְתִיב (משלי ו, כג): וְדֶרֶךְ חַיִּים תּוֹכְחוֹת מוּסָר. שׂבַע שְׂמָחוֹת, שִׂבְּעָנוּ בַּחֲמִשָּׁה שְׂמָחוֹת, מִקְרָא, מִשְׁנָה, תַּלְמוּד, תּוֹסֶפְתָּא וְאַגָּדוֹת. דָּבָר אַחֵר, שׂבַע שְׂמָחוֹת אֶת פָּנֶיךָ, אֵלּוּ שֶׁבַע כִּתּוֹת שֶׁל צַדִּיקִים שֶׁעֲתִידִים לְהַקְבִּיל פְּנֵי שְׁכִינָה וּפְנֵיהֶם דּוֹמוֹת לַחַמָּה וּלְבָנָה, לָרָקִיעַ, לַכּוֹכָבִים, לַבְּרָקִים וּלְשׁוֹשַׁנִּים וְלַמְּנוֹרָה הַטְּהוֹרָה שֶׁהָיְתָה בְּבֵית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ. לַחַמָּה מִנַּיִן, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (שיר השירים ו, י): בָּרָה כַּחַמָּה. לַלְּבָנָה מִנַּיִן, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (שיר השירים ו, י): יָפָה כַלְּבָנָה. לָרָקִיעַ מִנַּיִן, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (דניאל יב, ג): וְהַמַּשְׂכִּלִים יַזְהִרוּ כְּזֹהַר הָרָקִיעַ. לַכּוֹכָבִים מִנַּיִן, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (דניאל יב, ג): וּמַצְדִּיקֵי הָרַבִּים כַּכּוֹכָבִים לְעוֹלָם וָעֶד. לַבְּרָקִים מִנַּיִן, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (נחום ב, ה): מַרְאֵיהֶן כַּלַּפִּידִים כַּבְּרָקִים יְרוֹצֵצוּ. לְשׁוֹשַׁנִּים מִנַּיַן, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (תהלים מה, א): לַמְנַצֵּחַ עַל שׁשַׁנִּים. לַמְּנוֹרָה הַטְּהוֹרָה מִנַּיִן, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (זכריה ד, ב): וַיֹּאמֶר אֵלַי מָה אַתָּה רֹאֶה וָאֹמַר רָאִיתִי וְהִנֵּה מְנוֹרַת זָהָב כֻּלָּהּ. (תהלים טז, יא): נְעִמוֹת בִּימִינְךָ נֶצַח, וְכִי מִי מוֹדִיעֵנוּ אֵיזוֹ כַּת הַחֲבִיבָה וְהַנְּעִימָה שֶׁבָּהֶן, תְּרֵין אָמוֹרָאִין, חַד אָמַר זוֹ שֶׁבָּאָה מִכֹּחָהּ שֶׁל תּוֹרָה וּמִכֹּחָן שֶׁל מִצְווֹת, וְאָחֳרָנָא אָמַר אֵלּוּ סוֹפְרִין וּמַשְׁנִין שֶׁמְּלַמְּדִין תִּינוֹקוֹת בַּאֲמִתָּן, שֶׁהֵן עֲתִידִין לַעֲמֹד בִּימִינוֹ שֶׁל הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא, הֲדָא הוּא דִכְתִיב: נְעִמוֹת בִּימִינְךָ נֶצַח. דָּבָר אַחֵר, שׂבַע שְׂמָחוֹת, אַל תְּהִי קוֹרֵא כֵּן אֶלָּא שֶׁבַע שְׂמָחוֹת, אֵלּוּ שֶׁבַע מִצְווֹת שֶׁבֶּחָג, וְאֵלּוּ הֵן, אַרְבָּעָה מִינִין שֶׁבַּלּוּלָב, וְסֻכָּה, חֲגִיגָה וְשִׂמְחָה. אִם שִׂמְחָה לָמָּה חֲגִיגָה וְאִם חֲגִיגָה לָמָּה שִׂמְחָה, אָמַר רַבִּי אָבִין מָשָׁל לִשְׁנַיִם שֶׁנִּכְנְסוּ אֵצֶל הַדַּיָּן וְלֵית אֲנַן יָדְעִין מַאן הוּא נוֹצֵחַ, אֶלָּא מַאן דְּנָסַב בָּאיָין בִּידֵיהּ, אֲנַן יָדְעִין דְּהוּא נָצוֹחַיָיא, כָּךְ יִשְׂרָאֵל וְאֻמּוֹת הָעוֹלָם בָּאִין וּמְקַטְרְגִים לִפְנֵי הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא בְּרֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה וְלֵית אֲנַן יָדְעִין מַאן נָצַח, אֶלָּא בַּמֶּה שֶׁיִּשְׂרָאֵל יוֹצְאִין מִלִּפְנֵי הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא וְלוּלָבֵיהֶן וְאֶתְרוֹגֵיהֶן בְּיָדָן, אָנוּ יוֹדְעִין דְיִשְׂרָאֵל אִינוּן נָצוֹחַיָּא, לְפִיכָךְ משֶׁה מַזְהִיר לְיִשְׂרָאֵל וְאוֹמֵר לָהֶם: וּלְקַחְתֶּם לָכֶם בַּיּוֹם הָרִאשׁוֹן. 28.1. And he shall wave the sheaf before the Lord. How did he wave it? R. Hama b.Ukba in the name of R.Joshua b. Haia said: He moved it forward and backward, upward and downward; forward and backward to symbolize that the act was in honor of Him to whom the whole world belongs; upward and downward to symbols that the act was in honor of Him to whom belong the regions on high and the regions below. R. Simon son of R. Joshua said: The movements forward and backward were to counteract the effects of injurious winds; and the movements upward and downwards were to counteract the effect of injurious dews."
30. Clement of Alexandria, Miscellanies, 5.5 (2nd cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE)

31. Anon., 3 Baruch, 6.5

32. Anon., Joseph And Aseneth, 14.9



Subjects of this text:

subject book bibliographic info
abba r. Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 228
abin r. Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 228
abina r. Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 227
abraham Sly, Philo's Perception of Women (1990) 171
abraham (patriarch) Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 227
abram/abraham Cover, Philo of Alexandria: On the Change of Names (2023) 348
abstract form/ shape / abstraction Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 231, 241
abun r. Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 229
aedicula Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 242, 244
allegorical commentary Cover, Philo of Alexandria: On the Change of Names (2023) 213
allegory Sly, Philo's Perception of Women (1990) 170
altar Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 244
animal depiction/ imagery/ representation/ scene Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 230, 241, 242
apocalypse Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 224
apocalyptic writings/ thought Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 221, 223, 227
apollo Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 222
aqiva r. Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 229
astrology Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 223, 224
astronomy Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 223, 224
augustus Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 224
aurelian Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 224, 225
bet alpha Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 231, 237
bet shearim Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 237, 238, 239
burial, cave Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 239
calendar Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 223, 224
candlestick (see also menorah), sacred candlestick Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 219, 220, 231
candlestick (see also menorah) Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 229
chariot (see also merkavah), christs Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 225, 226
chariot (see also merkavah), helios Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 222, 223
chariot (see also merkavah), suns Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 221, 222, 229, 230, 231
chariot (see also merkavah) Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 219, 221, 227, 231
chrysostom, john Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 226
clement of alexandria Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 225, 226
cloud man, merkavah imagery related to Heo, Images of Torah: From the Second-Temple Period to the Middle Ages (2023) 287
constantine, coin Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 225
constantine, conversion to christianity Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 225
constantine Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 225, 232
constantinople Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 225
david, house of Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 227, 229, 231
dead sea scrolls Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 223
defacement Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 243
dipinto Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 238, 239, 240, 241, 244
dura europos, christian building Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 244
dura europos, synagogue Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 237, 238, 239, 240, 242, 243, 244
dura europos, temple of aphlad Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 244
dura europos Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 240, 244
ecstasy, inspired Heo, Images of Torah: From the Second-Temple Period to the Middle Ages (2023) 287
education Cover, Philo of Alexandria: On the Change of Names (2023) 348
el-gabal Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 223
emesa Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 223
exposition of the law Cover, Philo of Alexandria: On the Change of Names (2023) 213
ezekiel (prophet) Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 227
fountain of life Estes, The Tree of Life (2020) 247
free will Martens, One God, One Law: Philo of Alexandria on the Mosaic and Greco-Roman Law (2003) 72
gaia Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 222, 224
gaza Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 232
gnosticism Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 225
goodenough e., pictorial Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243
goodenough e., textual Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 240, 241
goodenough e. Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 222, 226, 239
goodness Estes, The Tree of Life (2020) 247
great chain of being Sly, Philo's Perception of Women (1990) 171
hammat tiberias Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 230, 231
hanania b. yitzhaq r. Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 228
heliopolis Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 223
helios (see also sol invictus) Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 219, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 228, 229, 231, 232
henosis Heo, Images of Torah: From the Second-Temple Period to the Middle Ages (2023) 287
hercules Sly, Philo's Perception of Women (1990) 170
hieros gamos Heo, Images of Torah: From the Second-Temple Period to the Middle Ages (2023) 287
hippolytus of rome Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 226
holy of holies Cover, Philo of Alexandria: On the Change of Names (2023) 348; Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 244
homily Cover, Philo of Alexandria: On the Change of Names (2023) 348
horses Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 225, 231, 242, 243
human nature Martens, One God, One Law: Philo of Alexandria on the Mosaic and Greco-Roman Law (2003) 72
hybridity Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 222
incense Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 228, 244
inscription, donor Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 230
inscription Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 237
isaac Sly, Philo's Perception of Women (1990) 171
isfiya / huseifa Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 231
islam Heo, Images of Torah: From the Second-Temple Period to the Middle Ages (2023) 287
ittihad (union) Heo, Images of Torah: From the Second-Temple Period to the Middle Ages (2023) 287
jacob Sly, Philo's Perception of Women (1990) 170, 171
jacob (patriarch) Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 229
jethro Cover, Philo of Alexandria: On the Change of Names (2023) 348
joy Cover, Philo of Alexandria: On the Change of Names (2023) 213
julian, emperor Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 232
justa bar shonem r. Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 228
leah Sly, Philo's Perception of Women (1990) 170, 171
levi r. Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 228
life Estes, The Tree of Life (2020) 247
literacy Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 241
literal reading Estes, The Tree of Life (2020) 247
menahem r. Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 229
mendelson, alan Sly, Philo's Perception of Women (1990) 171
merkavah (see also chariot) Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 227
merkavah imagery, devekut to Heo, Images of Torah: From the Second-Temple Period to the Middle Ages (2023) 287
messiah Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 227
mithraism Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 225
mithras Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 225, 232
mosaic, figurative Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 237
mosaic, synagogue Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 230, 231
mosaic law, for ordinary people Martens, One God, One Law: Philo of Alexandria on the Mosaic and Greco-Roman Law (2003) 72
moses Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 219; Sly, Philo's Perception of Women (1990) 171
naaran Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 231
names, change of Cover, Philo of Alexandria: On the Change of Names (2023) 348
nathan r. Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 229
neoplatonists, plotinus Heo, Images of Torah: From the Second-Temple Period to the Middle Ages (2023) 287
origen Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 226
patriarch Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 230, 231
perfection Cover, Philo of Alexandria: On the Change of Names (2023) 213, 348
philo Estes, The Tree of Life (2020) 247; Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 219, 220, 221, 222, 223, 228, 231, 233
physis, as nature of things and persons' Martens, One God, One Law: Philo of Alexandria on the Mosaic and Greco-Roman Law (2003) 72
platonism Cover, Philo of Alexandria: On the Change of Names (2023) 348
pleasure Sly, Philo's Perception of Women (1990) 170
polytheism, roman Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 224
prayer Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 244
priest Cover, Philo of Alexandria: On the Change of Names (2023) 348
procopius, of gaza Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 232
ra / re (egyptian deity) Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 223
rab (third century rabbi) Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 228
rachel Sly, Philo's Perception of Women (1990) 171
rebekka (matriarch) Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 229
rehov, synagogue Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 240
resh laqish Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 227
revelation Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 222
rome, mausoleum of the julii Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 225
rome Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 224, 232
sabbath Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 228
sarah (matriarch) Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 229
sarcophagus Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 237
saul Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 242
seasons Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 219, 221, 224, 230
sepphoris/ diocaesarea, synagogue Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 231
sepphoris/ diocaesarea Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 231
seven species Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 228, 229
slavery Sly, Philo's Perception of Women (1990) 171
sol invictus (see also helios) Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 224, 225, 230, 232
sun, chariot of Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 221, 222, 230
sun, god Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 232
sun, imagery Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 222, 225, 231
sun, worship Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 220, 223, 224, 225, 228, 229
susiya Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 231
syria Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 223, 240, 241
syrian, gods Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 223
temple, destruction Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 244
temple, second (see also herodian) Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 244
tombs Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 239
torah/torah Estes, The Tree of Life (2020) 247
torah Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 220, 222, 228, 229, 230
uranos Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 222
virtue Sly, Philo's Perception of Women (1990) 170
wall painting, synagogue Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 243
womanhood Sly, Philo's Perception of Women (1990) 171
xenophon Sly, Philo's Perception of Women (1990) 170
yannai r. Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 229
yaphia / japhia Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 231
yehudah ha-nasi/ rabbi judah i Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 228, 229
yishmael r. Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 229
yohanan r. Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 229
zenobia Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 224
zeus Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 222
zodiac Leibner and Hezser, Jewish Art in Its Late Antique Context (2016) 219, 224, 229, 230, 231