Tiresias: The Ancient Mediterranean Religions Source Database

9220

Philo Of Alexandria, On The Confusion Of Tongues, 2-5
nan Those who are discontented at the constitution under which their fathers have lived, being always eager to blame and to accuse the laws, being impious men, use these and similar instances as foundations for their impiety, saying, "Are ye even now speaking boastfully concerning your precepts, as if they contained the rules of truth itself? For, behold, the books which you call the sacred scriptures do also contain fables, at which you are accustomed to laugh, when you hear others relating to them.
nan And what is the use of devoting our leisure to collecting the fables interspersed in so many places throughout the history of the giving of the law, as if we had especial leisure for the consideration of calumnies, and as if it were not better to attend merely to what is under our hands and before us?
nan Certainly, this one fable resembles that which is composed about the Aloadae, who the greatest and most glorious of all poets, Homer, says, had in contemplation to heap the three loftiest mountains on one another, and to build them into one mass, hoping that by this means there would be a road for them, as they were desirous to mount up to heaven, and that by these mountains it would be easy for them to be raised to the height of the sky. And the verses of Homer on this subject are these:-- High on Olympus' top they strove to raise Gigantic Ossa; and on Ossa's heights To place the leafy Pelion, that heaven Might thus become accessible. But Olympus and Ossa and Pelion are the names of mountains.
nan But instead of these mountains the lawgiver represents a tower as having been built by these men, who, out of ignorance and wicked ambition, were desirous to reach the heaven. Every alienation of mind, then, is grievous; for even if every portion of the whole earth could be built over, a slight foundation is being first laid, and then if a superstructure could be raised in the fashion of a single pillar, it would still be an enormous distance removed from the heavenly sphere, and above all would it be so according to the tenets of those curious philosophers who have affirmed that the earth is the centre of the universe. III.

Intertexts (texts cited often on the same page as the searched text):

27 results
1. Hebrew Bible, Deuteronomy, 12.31 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE) 12.31. לֹא־תַעֲשֶׂה כֵן לַיהוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ כִּי כָּל־תּוֹעֲבַת יְהוָה אֲשֶׁר שָׂנֵא עָשׂוּ לֵאלֹהֵיהֶם כִּי גַם אֶת־בְּנֵיהֶם וְאֶת־בְּנֹתֵיהֶם יִשְׂרְפוּ בָאֵשׁ לֵאלֹהֵיהֶם׃ 12.31. Thou shalt not do so unto the LORD thy God; for every abomination to the LORD, which He hateth, have they done unto their gods; for even their sons and their daughters do they burn in the fire to their gods."
2. Hebrew Bible, Genesis, 4.16, 6.1-6.4, 11.1-11.9, 14.13-14.16 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE) 4.16. וַיֵּצֵא קַיִן מִלִּפְנֵי יְהוָה וַיֵּשֶׁב בְּאֶרֶץ־נוֹד קִדְמַת־עֵדֶן׃ 6.1. וַיְהִי כִּי־הֵחֵל הָאָדָם לָרֹב עַל־פְּנֵי הָאֲדָמָה וּבָנוֹת יֻלְּדוּ לָהֶם׃ 6.1. וַיּוֹלֶד נֹחַ שְׁלֹשָׁה בָנִים אֶת־שֵׁם אֶת־חָם וְאֶת־יָפֶת׃ 6.2. וַיִּרְאוּ בְנֵי־הָאֱלֹהִים אֶת־בְּנוֹת הָאָדָם כִּי טֹבֹת הֵנָּה וַיִּקְחוּ לָהֶם נָשִׁים מִכֹּל אֲשֶׁר בָּחָרוּ׃ 6.2. מֵהָעוֹף לְמִינֵהוּ וּמִן־הַבְּהֵמָה לְמִינָהּ מִכֹּל רֶמֶשׂ הָאֲדָמָה לְמִינֵהוּ שְׁנַיִם מִכֹּל יָבֹאוּ אֵלֶיךָ לְהַחֲיוֹת׃ 6.3. וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוָה לֹא־יָדוֹן רוּחִי בָאָדָם לְעֹלָם בְּשַׁגַּם הוּא בָשָׂר וְהָיוּ יָמָיו מֵאָה וְעֶשְׂרִים שָׁנָה׃ 6.4. הַנְּפִלִים הָיוּ בָאָרֶץ בַּיָּמִים הָהֵם וְגַם אַחֲרֵי־כֵן אֲשֶׁר יָבֹאוּ בְּנֵי הָאֱלֹהִים אֶל־בְּנוֹת הָאָדָם וְיָלְדוּ לָהֶם הֵמָּה הַגִּבֹּרִים אֲשֶׁר מֵעוֹלָם אַנְשֵׁי הַשֵּׁם׃ 11.1. וַיְהִי כָל־הָאָרֶץ שָׂפָה אֶחָת וּדְבָרִים אֲחָדִים׃ 11.1. אֵלֶּה תּוֹלְדֹת שֵׁם שֵׁם בֶּן־מְאַת שָׁנָה וַיּוֹלֶד אֶת־אַרְפַּכְשָׁד שְׁנָתַיִם אַחַר הַמַּבּוּל׃ 11.2. וַיְחִי רְעוּ שְׁתַּיִם וּשְׁלֹשִׁים שָׁנָה וַיּוֹלֶד אֶת־שְׂרוּג׃ 11.2. וַיְהִי בְּנָסְעָם מִקֶּדֶם וַיִּמְצְאוּ בִקְעָה בְּאֶרֶץ שִׁנְעָר וַיֵּשְׁבוּ שָׁם׃ 11.3. וַיֹּאמְרוּ אִישׁ אֶל־רֵעֵהוּ הָבָה נִלְבְּנָה לְבֵנִים וְנִשְׂרְפָה לִשְׂרֵפָה וַתְּהִי לָהֶם הַלְּבֵנָה לְאָבֶן וְהַחֵמָר הָיָה לָהֶם לַחֹמֶר׃ 11.3. וַתְּהִי שָׂרַי עֲקָרָה אֵין לָהּ וָלָד׃ 11.4. וַיֹּאמְרוּ הָבָה נִבְנֶה־לָּנוּ עִיר וּמִגְדָּל וְרֹאשׁוֹ בַשָּׁמַיִם וְנַעֲשֶׂה־לָּנוּ שֵׁם פֶּן־נָפוּץ עַל־פְּנֵי כָל־הָאָרֶץ׃ 11.5. וַיֵּרֶד יְהוָה לִרְאֹת אֶת־הָעִיר וְאֶת־הַמִּגְדָּל אֲשֶׁר בָּנוּ בְּנֵי הָאָדָם׃ 11.6. וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוָה הֵן עַם אֶחָד וְשָׂפָה אַחַת לְכֻלָּם וְזֶה הַחִלָּם לַעֲשׂוֹת וְעַתָּה לֹא־יִבָּצֵר מֵהֶם כֹּל אֲשֶׁר יָזְמוּ לַעֲשׂוֹת׃ 11.7. הָבָה נֵרְדָה וְנָבְלָה שָׁם שְׂפָתָם אֲשֶׁר לֹא יִשְׁמְעוּ אִישׁ שְׂפַת רֵעֵהוּ׃ 11.8. וַיָּפֶץ יְהוָה אֹתָם מִשָּׁם עַל־פְּנֵי כָל־הָאָרֶץ וַיַּחְדְּלוּ לִבְנֹת הָעִיר׃ 11.9. עַל־כֵּן קָרָא שְׁמָהּ בָּבֶל כִּי־שָׁם בָּלַל יְהוָה שְׂפַת כָּל־הָאָרֶץ וּמִשָּׁם הֱפִיצָם יְהוָה עַל־פְּנֵי כָּל־הָאָרֶץ׃ 14.13. וַיָּבֹא הַפָּלִיט וַיַּגֵּד לְאַבְרָם הָעִבְרִי וְהוּא שֹׁכֵן בְּאֵלֹנֵי מַמְרֵא הָאֱמֹרִי אֲחִי אֶשְׁכֹּל וַאֲחִי עָנֵר וְהֵם בַּעֲלֵי בְרִית־אַבְרָם׃ 14.14. וַיִּשְׁמַע אַבְרָם כִּי נִשְׁבָּה אָחִיו וַיָּרֶק אֶת־חֲנִיכָיו יְלִידֵי בֵיתוֹ שְׁמֹנָה עָשָׂר וּשְׁלֹשׁ מֵאוֹת וַיִּרְדֹּף עַד־דָּן׃ 14.15. וַיֵּחָלֵק עֲלֵיהֶם לַיְלָה הוּא וַעֲבָדָיו וַיַּכֵּם וַיִּרְדְּפֵם עַד־חוֹבָה אֲשֶׁר מִשְּׂמֹאל לְדַמָּשֶׂק׃ 14.16. וַיָּשֶׁב אֵת כָּל־הָרְכֻשׁ וְגַם אֶת־לוֹט אָחִיו וּרְכֻשׁוֹ הֵשִׁיב וְגַם אֶת־הַנָּשִׁים וְאֶת־הָעָם׃ 4.16. And Cain went out from the presence of the LORD, and dwelt in the land of Nod, on the east of Eden." 6.1. And it came to pass, when men began to multiply on the face of the earth, and daughters were born unto them," 6.2. that the sons of nobles saw the daughters of men that they were fair; and they took them wives, whomsoever they chose." 6.3. And the LORD said: ‘My spirit shall not abide in man for ever, for that he also is flesh; therefore shall his days be a hundred and twenty years.’" 6.4. The Nephilim were in the earth in those days, and also after that, when the sons of nobles came in unto the daughters of men, and they bore children to them; the same were the mighty men that were of old, the men of renown." 11.1. And the whole earth was of one language and of one speech." 11.2. And it came to pass, as they journeyed east, that they found a plain in the land of Shinar; and they dwelt there." 11.3. And they said one to another: ‘Come, let us make brick, and burn them thoroughly.’ And they had brick for stone, and slime had they for mortar." 11.4. And they said: ‘Come, let us build us a city, and a tower, with its top in heaven, and let us make us a name; lest we be scattered abroad upon the face of the whole earth.’" 11.5. And the LORD came down to see the city and the tower, which the children of men builded." 11.6. And the LORD said: ‘Behold, they are one people, and they have all one language; and this is what they begin to do; and now nothing will be withholden from them, which they purpose to do." 11.7. Come, let us go down, and there confound their language, that they may not understand one another’s speech.’" 11.8. So the LORD scattered them abroad from thence upon the face of all the earth; and they left off to build the city." 11.9. Therefore was the name of it called Babel; because the LORD did there aconfound the language of all the earth; and from thence did the LORD scatter them abroad upon the face of all the earth." 14.13. And there came one that had escaped, and told Abram the Hebrew—now he dwelt by the terebinths of Mamre the Amorite, brother of Eshcol, and brother of Aner; and these were confederate with Abram." 14.14. And when Abram heard that his brother was taken captive, he led forth his trained men, born in his house, three hundred and eighteen, and pursued as far as Dan." 14.15. And he divided himself against them by night, he and his servants, and smote them, and pursued them unto Hobah, which is on the left hand of Damascus." 14.16. And he brought back all the goods, and also brought back his brother Lot, and his goods, and the women also, and the people."
3. Hebrew Bible, Isaiah, 28.11 (8th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE) 28.11. כִּי בְּלַעֲגֵי שָׂפָה וּבְלָשׁוֹן אַחֶרֶת יְדַבֵּר אֶל־הָעָם הַזֶּה׃ 28.11. For with stammering lips and with a strange tongue Shall it be spoken to this people;"
4. Homer, Iliad, 5.385-5.387 (8th cent. BCE - 7th cent. BCE) 5.385. /So suffered Ares, when Otus and mighty Ephialtes, the sons of Aloeus, bound him in cruel bonds, and in a brazen jar he lay bound for thirteen months; and then would Ares, insatiate of war, have perished, had not the stepmother of the sons of Aloeus, the beauteous Eëriboea 5.386. /So suffered Ares, when Otus and mighty Ephialtes, the sons of Aloeus, bound him in cruel bonds, and in a brazen jar he lay bound for thirteen months; and then would Ares, insatiate of war, have perished, had not the stepmother of the sons of Aloeus, the beauteous Eëriboea 5.387. /So suffered Ares, when Otus and mighty Ephialtes, the sons of Aloeus, bound him in cruel bonds, and in a brazen jar he lay bound for thirteen months; and then would Ares, insatiate of war, have perished, had not the stepmother of the sons of Aloeus, the beauteous Eëriboea
5. Homer, Odyssey, 11.305-11.316 (8th cent. BCE - 7th cent. BCE)
6. Plato, Republic, None (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE) 509d. he said. Conceive then, said I, as we were saying, that there are these two entities, and that one of them is sovereign over the intelligible order and region and the other over the world of the eye-ball, not to say the sky-ball, but let that pass. You surely apprehend the two types, the visible and the intelligible. I do. Represent them then, as it were, by a line divided into two unequal sections and cut each section again in the same ratio (the section, that is, of the visible and that of the intelligible order), and then as an expression of the ratio of their comparative clearness and obscurity you will have, as one of the section
7. Philo of Alexandria, On The Confusion of Tongues, 11-14, 142, 15, 3-10 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE) 10. But this precaution does not appear to have turned out of any use; for since that time, though men have been separated into different nations, and have no longer used one language, nevertheless, land and sea have been repeatedly filled with unspeakable evils. For it was not the languages which were the causes of men's uniting for evil objects, but the emulation and rivalry of their souls in wrong-doing.
8. Philo of Alexandria, On The Decalogue, 136 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE)
9. Philo of Alexandria, On Flight And Finding, 54 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE) 54. Knowing very well that the law is here adding no superfluous word from any indescribable impetuosity in its description of the matter, I doubted within myself why it does not merely say that he who has slain another shall die, and why it has added, that he shall die the death;
10. Philo of Alexandria, On Giants, 7, 60 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE) 60. Therefore he utters no fable whatever respecting the giants; but he wishes to set this fact before your eyes, that some men are born of the earth, and some are born of heaven, and some are born of God: those are born of the earth, who are hunters after the pleasures of the body, devoting themselves to the enjoyment and fruition of them, and being eager to provide themselves with all things that tend to each of them. Those again are born of heaven who are men of skill and science and devoted to learning; for the heavenly portion of us is our mind, and the mind of every one of those persons who are born of heaven studies the encyclical branches of education and every other art of every description, sharpening, and exercising, and practising itself, and rendering itself acute in all those matters which are the objects of intellect.
11. Philo of Alexandria, On The Life of Joseph, 145 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE)
12. Philo of Alexandria, On The Change of Names, 61-62, 60 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE) 60. for it is said in the scripture, "Thy name shall not be called Abram, but Abraham shall thy name be." Some, then, of those persons who are fond of disputes, and who are always eager to affix a stain upon what is irreproachable, on things as well as bodies, and who wage an implacable war against sacred things, while they calumniate everything which does not appear to preserve strict decorum in speech, being the symbols of nature which is always fond of being concealed, perverting it all so as to give it a worse appearance after a very accurate investigation, do especially find fault with the changes of names.
13. Philo of Alexandria, On The Creation of The World, 157, 170, 2, 37, 1 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE) 1. of other lawgivers, some have set forth what they considered to be just and reasonable, in a naked and unadorned manner, while others, investing their ideas with an abundance of amplification, have sought to bewilder the people, by burying the truth under a heap of fabulous inventions.
14. Philo of Alexandria, On The Posterity of Cain, 3, 5-7, 2 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE) 2. For if the living God has a face, and if he who desires to leave it can with perfect ease rise up and depart to another place, why do we repudiate the impiety of the Epicureans, or the godlessness of the Egyptians, or the mythical suggestions of which life is full?
15. Philo of Alexandria, On Curses, 8, 152 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE) 152. So that they are marvellously simple people who have ever had an idea of coming to the end of any branch of knowledge whatever. For that which has seemed to be near and within reach is nevertheless a long way distant from the end; since no created being is perfect in any department of learning, but falls as far short of it as a thoroughly infant child just beginning to learn does, in comparison of a man who both by age and skill is qualified to be a master. XLV.
16. Philo of Alexandria, On The Special Laws, 3.45, 4.182 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE) 3.45. And it is very likely that there may be other Pasipha's also, with passions equally unbridled, and that not women only, but men likewise may fall madly in love with animals, from whom, perhaps, indescribable monsters may be born, being memorials of the excessive pollution of men; owing to which, perhaps, those unnatural creations of unprecedented and fabulous monsters will exist, such as hippocentaurs and chimaeras, and other similar animals. 4.182. Let not any one then think that nobility of birth is a perfect good, and therefore neglect virtuous actions, considering that that man deserves greater anger who, after he has been born of virtuous parents, brings disgrace on his parents by reason of the wickedness of his disposition and conduct; for if he has domestic examples of goodness which he may imitate, and yet never copies them, so as to correct his own life, and to render it healthy and virtuous, he deserves reproach.XXXV.
17. Philo of Alexandria, On The Virtues, 182 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE) 182. for those who come over to this worship become at once prudent, and temperate, and modest, and gentle, and merciful, and humane, and venerable, and just, and magimous, and lovers of truth, and superior to all considerations of money or pleasure; just as, on the contrary, one may see that those who forsake the holy laws of God are intemperate, shameless, unjust, disreputable, weak-minded, quarrelsome, companions of falsehood and perjury, willing to sell their liberty for luxurious eating, for strong wine, for sweetmeats, and for beauty, for pleasures of the belly and of the parts below the belly; the miserable end of all which enjoyment is ruin to both body and soul.
18. Philo of Alexandria, On The Life of Moses, 1.2, 2.194, 2.271 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE) 1.2. for the glory of the laws which he left behind him has reached over the whole world, and has penetrated to the very furthest limits of the universe; and those who do really and truly understand him are not many, perhaps partly out of envy, or else from the disposition so common to many persons of resisting the commands which are delivered by lawgivers in different states, since the historians who have flourished among the Greeks have not chosen to think him worthy of mention 2.194. for the Egyptians, almost alone of all men, set up the earth as a rival of the heaven considering the former as entitled to honours equal with those of the gods, and giving the latter no especial honour, just as if it were proper to pay respect to the extremities of a country rather than to the king's palace. For in the world the heaven is the most holy temple, and the further extremity is the earth; though this too is in itself worthy of being regarded with honour; but if it is brought into comparison with the air, is as far inferior to it as light is to darkness, or night to day, or corruption to immortality, or a mortal to God. 2.271. at which Moses as very indigt, first of all, at all the people having thus suddenly become blind, which but a short time before had been the most sharp-sighted of all nations; and secondly, at a vain invention of fable being able to extinguish such exceeding brilliancy of truth, which even the sun in its eclipse or the whole company of the stars could never darken; for it is comprehended by its own light, appreciable by the intellect and incorporeal, in comparison of which the light, which is perceptible by the external senses, is like night if compared to day.
19. Philo of Alexandria, On The Embassy To Gaius, 237 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE) 237. We have heard of a most ancient tradition, which has been handed down throughout Greece by their historians, who have affirmed that the head of the Gorgon had such mighty power, that those who beheld it immediately became stones and rocks. But this appears only to be a fiction and fable, the truth being that great, and unexpected, and wonderful events do often bring after them great disaster; for instance, the anger of a master causes death, or calamities equivalent to death.
20. Philo of Alexandria, Allegorical Interpretation, 3.233-3.234 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE)
21. Philo of Alexandria, Questions On Genesis, 3.43, 4.57 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE)
22. Philo of Alexandria, That The Worse Attacks The Better, 178, 81, 125 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE) 125. If, therefore, any one is worthy to listen to the account of the creative power of God he is of necessity joyful, and rejoices in company with those who have had a longing to hear the same. And in the account of the creative power of God you will find no cunningly devised fable, but only unalloyed laws of truth firmly established. Moreover, you will find no vocal measures or rhythm, no melodies alluring the hearing with musical art; but only most perfect works of virtue, which have all of them a peculiar harmony and fitness. And as the mind rejoices which is eager to hear of the works of God, so also does language, which is in harmony with the conceptions of the mind, and which in a manner is compelled to attend to them, feel exultation. XXXIV.
23. Josephus Flavius, Jewish Antiquities, 20.100 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
24. New Testament, 1 Corinthians, 14 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
25. Irenaeus, Refutation of All Heresies, 1.8.1, 1.9.4 (2nd cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE)
26. Sextus, Against The Mathematicians, 8.2 (2nd cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE)
27. Nag Hammadi, The Tripartite Tractate, 76.33 (3rd cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE)

Subjects of this text:

subject	book bibliographic info
abraham, criticism of	Birnbaum and Dillon, Philo of Alexandria: On the Life of Abraham: Introduction, Translation, and Commentary (2020) 316
abraham, defense of	Birnbaum and Dillon, Philo of Alexandria: On the Life of Abraham: Introduction, Translation, and Commentary (2020) 316
abraham, humanity of	Birnbaum and Dillon, Philo of Alexandria: On the Life of Abraham: Introduction, Translation, and Commentary (2020) 365
abram/abraham, change of name	Cover, Philo of Alexandria: On the Change of Names (2023) 244
abram/abraham, faith and doubt of	Cover, Philo of Alexandria: On the Change of Names (2023) 451
aeons	Novenson, Monotheism and Christology in Greco-Roman Antiquity (2020) 251
alexandria	Cover, Philo of Alexandria: On the Change of Names (2023) 244; Niehoff, Jewish Exegesis and Homeric Scholarship in Alexandria (2011) 92
allegory/allegoresis, homeric parallels	Cover, Philo of Alexandria: On the Change of Names (2023) 451
aloadae	Bloch, Ancient Jewish Diaspora: Essays on Hellenism (2022) 167
aloeus	Bloch, Ancient Jewish Diaspora: Essays on Hellenism (2022) 167
appropriation	Tupamahu, Contesting Languages: Heteroglossia and the Politics of Language in the Early Church (2022) 91
ares	Bloch, Ancient Jewish Diaspora: Essays on Hellenism (2022) 167
aristotelian tradition	Niehoff, Jewish Exegesis and Homeric Scholarship in Alexandria (2011) 92
atheism	Bloch, Ancient Jewish Diaspora: Essays on Hellenism (2022) 167
audience, of de abrahamo	Birnbaum and Dillon, Philo of Alexandria: On the Life of Abraham: Introduction, Translation, and Commentary (2020) 316
babel, tower of	Bloch, Ancient Jewish Diaspora: Essays on Hellenism (2022) 166, 167
babel	Tupamahu, Contesting Languages: Heteroglossia and the Politics of Language in the Early Church (2022) 91
barbarians	Tupamahu, Contesting Languages: Heteroglossia and the Politics of Language in the Early Church (2022) 91
biblical interpretation	Novenson, Monotheism and Christology in Greco-Roman Antiquity (2020) 251
bodies and realities	Cover, Philo of Alexandria: On the Change of Names (2023) 244
child sacrifice	Birnbaum and Dillon, Philo of Alexandria: On the Life of Abraham: Introduction, Translation, and Commentary (2020) 316
christianity, christian	Niehoff, Jewish Exegesis and Homeric Scholarship in Alexandria (2011) 78
comparative analysis	Niehoff, Jewish Exegesis and Homeric Scholarship in Alexandria (2011) 92
comparative mythology	Niehoff, Jewish Exegesis and Homeric Scholarship in Alexandria (2011) 78
confusion of tongues	Niehoff, Jewish Exegesis and Homeric Scholarship in Alexandria (2011) 78
corinthians	Tupamahu, Contesting Languages: Heteroglossia and the Politics of Language in the Early Church (2022) 91
creator, creation	Novenson, Monotheism and Christology in Greco-Roman Antiquity (2020) 251
criticism of abraham, from apostates	Birnbaum and Dillon, Philo of Alexandria: On the Life of Abraham: Introduction, Translation, and Commentary (2020) 316
criticism of abraham, from jews	Birnbaum and Dillon, Philo of Alexandria: On the Life of Abraham: Introduction, Translation, and Commentary (2020) 316
criticism of abraham	Birnbaum and Dillon, Philo of Alexandria: On the Life of Abraham: Introduction, Translation, and Commentary (2020) 316
democritus	Ayres and Ward, The Rise of the Early Christian Intellectual (2021) 157
diogenes of oenoanda	Ayres and Ward, The Rise of the Early Christian Intellectual (2021) 157
doubt	Cover, Philo of Alexandria: On the Change of Names (2023) 451
education	Cover, Philo of Alexandria: On the Change of Names (2023) 451
faith	Cover, Philo of Alexandria: On the Change of Names (2023) 451
father	Novenson, Monotheism and Christology in Greco-Roman Antiquity (2020) 251
giants	Bloch, Ancient Jewish Diaspora: Essays on Hellenism (2022) 167
gnostic, gnosticism	Novenson, Monotheism and Christology in Greco-Roman Antiquity (2020) 251
god	Niehoff, Jewish Exegesis and Homeric Scholarship in Alexandria (2011) 78
grace	Cover, Philo of Alexandria: On the Change of Names (2023) 244
grammatical archive, commentarial strategies, allegory (ἀλληγορία)	Ward, Clement and Scriptural Exegesis: The Making of a Commentarial Theologian (2022) 38
hadrian (emperor)	Ayres and Ward, The Rise of the Early Christian Intellectual (2021) 157
heaven	Novenson, Monotheism and Christology in Greco-Roman Antiquity (2020) 251
heresy, heretics, heresiology	Novenson, Monotheism and Christology in Greco-Roman Antiquity (2020) 251
heresy	Stroumsa, Hidden Widsom: Esoteric Traditions and the Roots of Christian Mysticism (1996) 82
heteroglossia	Tupamahu, Contesting Languages: Heteroglossia and the Politics of Language in the Early Church (2022) 91
hexameter	Cover, Philo of Alexandria: On the Change of Names (2023) 451
homer	Cover, Philo of Alexandria: On the Change of Names (2023) 451
humanity of abraham	Birnbaum and Dillon, Philo of Alexandria: On the Life of Abraham: Introduction, Translation, and Commentary (2020) 365
iphimedeia	Bloch, Ancient Jewish Diaspora: Essays on Hellenism (2022) 167
irenaeus of lyon	Stroumsa, Hidden Widsom: Esoteric Traditions and the Roots of Christian Mysticism (1996) 82
irenaeus of lyons, on the rule of truth, in non-christian philosophical discourse	Ayres and Ward, The Rise of the Early Christian Intellectual (2021) 157
irenaeus of lyons, on the rule of truth, philo and	Ayres and Ward, The Rise of the Early Christian Intellectual (2021) 157
irenaeus of lyons, on the rule of truth	Ayres and Ward, The Rise of the Early Christian Intellectual (2021) 157
jews, alexandrian	Niehoff, Jewish Exegesis and Homeric Scholarship in Alexandria (2011) 92
jews and jewish tradition, rebelliousness toward	Birnbaum and Dillon, Philo of Alexandria: On the Life of Abraham: Introduction, Translation, and Commentary (2020) 316
kingly power, allegorical interpretation of	Birnbaum and Dillon, Philo of Alexandria: On the Life of Abraham: Introduction, Translation, and Commentary (2020) 365
kingly power, lot omitted from allegory of	Birnbaum and Dillon, Philo of Alexandria: On the Life of Abraham: Introduction, Translation, and Commentary (2020) 365
kingly power, the kings, victory over	Birnbaum and Dillon, Philo of Alexandria: On the Life of Abraham: Introduction, Translation, and Commentary (2020) 365
life of moses	Niehoff, Jewish Exegesis and Homeric Scholarship in Alexandria (2011) 78
literal sense	Niehoff, Jewish Exegesis and Homeric Scholarship in Alexandria (2011) 92
literary analysis	Niehoff, Jewish Exegesis and Homeric Scholarship in Alexandria (2011) 78
long, a. a.	Ayres and Ward, The Rise of the Early Christian Intellectual (2021) 157
lot, capture of	Birnbaum and Dillon, Philo of Alexandria: On the Life of Abraham: Introduction, Translation, and Commentary (2020) 365
lot, omission of	Birnbaum and Dillon, Philo of Alexandria: On the Life of Abraham: Introduction, Translation, and Commentary (2020) 365
lysimachus	Niehoff, Jewish Exegesis and Homeric Scholarship in Alexandria (2011) 78
manna	Bloch, Ancient Jewish Diaspora: Essays on Hellenism (2022) 166
metaphysics	Novenson, Monotheism and Christology in Greco-Roman Antiquity (2020) 251
mosaic law	Niehoff, Jewish Exegesis and Homeric Scholarship in Alexandria (2011) 78
moses	Bloch, Ancient Jewish Diaspora: Essays on Hellenism (2022) 167; Cover, Philo of Alexandria: On the Change of Names (2023) 451; Novenson, Monotheism and Christology in Greco-Roman Antiquity (2020) 251
mutation	Novenson, Monotheism and Christology in Greco-Roman Antiquity (2020) 251
myth, greek (pagan)	Bloch, Ancient Jewish Diaspora: Essays on Hellenism (2022) 166, 167
myth, jewish	Bloch, Ancient Jewish Diaspora: Essays on Hellenism (2022) 166, 167
myth, jewish critique of	Bloch, Ancient Jewish Diaspora: Essays on Hellenism (2022) 166, 167
myth	Birnbaum and Dillon, Philo of Alexandria: On the Life of Abraham: Introduction, Translation, and Commentary (2020) 365; Niehoff, Jewish Exegesis and Homeric Scholarship in Alexandria (2011) 92
names, change of	Cover, Philo of Alexandria: On the Change of Names (2023) 244
nectar	Bloch, Ancient Jewish Diaspora: Essays on Hellenism (2022) 166
niehoff, maren	Ward, Clement and Scriptural Exegesis: The Making of a Commentarial Theologian (2022) 38
odysseus	Cover, Philo of Alexandria: On the Change of Names (2023) 451
origen	Stroumsa, Hidden Widsom: Esoteric Traditions and the Roots of Christian Mysticism (1996) 82
pasiphae	Bloch, Ancient Jewish Diaspora: Essays on Hellenism (2022) 166
passions, four	Birnbaum and Dillon, Philo of Alexandria: On the Life of Abraham: Introduction, Translation, and Commentary (2020) 365
perfection	Cover, Philo of Alexandria: On the Change of Names (2023) 244
peri kriterion (ptolemy)	Ayres and Ward, The Rise of the Early Christian Intellectual (2021) 157
philo, references to other exegetes	Niehoff, Jewish Exegesis and Homeric Scholarship in Alexandria (2011) 92
philo	Niehoff, Jewish Exegesis and Homeric Scholarship in Alexandria (2011) 78, 92; Stroumsa, Hidden Widsom: Esoteric Traditions and the Roots of Christian Mysticism (1996) 82
philo of alexandria, on rule of truth	Ayres and Ward, The Rise of the Early Christian Intellectual (2021) 157
philo of alexandria	Ward, Clement and Scriptural Exegesis: The Making of a Commentarial Theologian (2022) 38
philos colleagues	Niehoff, Jewish Exegesis and Homeric Scholarship in Alexandria (2011) 78, 92
philosophy/philosophical schools, on rule of truth	Ayres and Ward, The Rise of the Early Christian Intellectual (2021) 157
philosophy	Bloch, Ancient Jewish Diaspora: Essays on Hellenism (2022) 166; Novenson, Monotheism and Christology in Greco-Roman Antiquity (2020) 251
platonism	Cover, Philo of Alexandria: On the Change of Names (2023) 451; Novenson, Monotheism and Christology in Greco-Roman Antiquity (2020) 251
poseidon	Bloch, Ancient Jewish Diaspora: Essays on Hellenism (2022) 167
ptolemy (mathematician)	Ayres and Ward, The Rise of the Early Christian Intellectual (2021) 157
quarrelsome exegetes	Cover, Philo of Alexandria: On the Change of Names (2023) 244
reader, of philo	Niehoff, Jewish Exegesis and Homeric Scholarship in Alexandria (2011) 92
reason, in the victory over the kings	Birnbaum and Dillon, Philo of Alexandria: On the Life of Abraham: Introduction, Translation, and Commentary (2020) 365
reason, senses controlled by	Birnbaum and Dillon, Philo of Alexandria: On the Life of Abraham: Introduction, Translation, and Commentary (2020) 365
revelation	Stroumsa, Hidden Widsom: Esoteric Traditions and the Roots of Christian Mysticism (1996) 82
rhetoric	Cover, Philo of Alexandria: On the Change of Names (2023) 451
sacrifice of isaac, ethical interpretation of	Birnbaum and Dillon, Philo of Alexandria: On the Life of Abraham: Introduction, Translation, and Commentary (2020) 316
sacrifice of isaac	Birnbaum and Dillon, Philo of Alexandria: On the Life of Abraham: Introduction, Translation, and Commentary (2020) 316
scholars, biblical	Niehoff, Jewish Exegesis and Homeric Scholarship in Alexandria (2011) 92
scholars, homeric	Niehoff, Jewish Exegesis and Homeric Scholarship in Alexandria (2011) 92
scholarship	Niehoff, Jewish Exegesis and Homeric Scholarship in Alexandria (2011) 78, 92
sennaar, and the passions	Birnbaum and Dillon, Philo of Alexandria: On the Life of Abraham: Introduction, Translation, and Commentary (2020) 365
sennaar, the sodomite cities and	Birnbaum and Dillon, Philo of Alexandria: On the Life of Abraham: Introduction, Translation, and Commentary (2020) 365
sethians	Novenson, Monotheism and Christology in Greco-Roman Antiquity (2020) 251
sextus empiricus	Ayres and Ward, The Rise of the Early Christian Intellectual (2021) 157
signs	Tupamahu, Contesting Languages: Heteroglossia and the Politics of Language in the Early Church (2022) 91
sodom, the five senses and	Birnbaum and Dillon, Philo of Alexandria: On the Life of Abraham: Introduction, Translation, and Commentary (2020) 365
tiberius julius alexander	Birnbaum and Dillon, Philo of Alexandria: On the Life of Abraham: Introduction, Translation, and Commentary (2020) 316
to the passions	Birnbaum and Dillon, Philo of Alexandria: On the Life of Abraham: Introduction, Translation, and Commentary (2020) 365
tower of babel	Niehoff, Jewish Exegesis and Homeric Scholarship in Alexandria (2011) 78, 92
universalism'	Niehoff, Jewish Exegesis and Homeric Scholarship in Alexandria (2011) 92
valentinus, valentinianism	Novenson, Monotheism and Christology in Greco-Roman Antiquity (2020) 251
wisdom	Novenson, Monotheism and Christology in Greco-Roman Antiquity (2020) 251
zeus	Bloch, Ancient Jewish Diaspora: Essays on Hellenism (2022) 166
μῦθος	Birnbaum and Dillon, Philo of Alexandria: On the Life of Abraham: Introduction, Translation, and Commentary (2020) 365
νόμος	Birnbaum and Dillon, Philo of Alexandria: On the Life of Abraham: Introduction, Translation, and Commentary (2020) 316
φιλαπεχθήμων	Birnbaum and Dillon, Philo of Alexandria: On the Life of Abraham: Introduction, Translation, and Commentary (2020) 316
ἱεροὶ νόμοι	Birnbaum and Dillon, Philo of Alexandria: On the Life of Abraham: Introduction, Translation, and Commentary (2020) 316