Tiresias: The Ancient Mediterranean Religions Source Database

8250

New Testament, Galatians, 4.12-4.20
Γίνεσθε ὡς ἐγώ, ὅτι κἀγὼ ὡς ὑμεῖς, ἀδελφοί, δέομαι ὑμῶν. I beg you, brothers, become as I am,for I also have become as you are. You did me no wrong
οὐδέν με ἠδικήσατε· οἴδατε δὲ ὅτι διʼ ἀσθένειαν τῆς σαρκὸς εὐηγγελισάμην ὑμῖν τὸ πρότερον but youknow that because of weakness of the flesh I preached the gospel to youthe first time.
καὶ τὸν πειρασμὸν ὑμῶν ἐν τῇ σαρκί μου οὐκ ἐξουθενήσατε οὐδὲ ἐξεπτύσατε, ἀλλὰ ὡς ἄγγελον θεοῦ ἐδέξασθέ με, ὡς Χριστὸν Ἰησοῦν. That which was a temptation to you in my flesh,you didn't despise nor reject; but you received me as an angel of God,even as Christ Jesus.
ποῦ οὖν ὁ μακαρισμὸς ὑμῶν; μαρτυρῶ γὰρ ὑμῖν ὅτι εἰ δυνατὸν τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς ὑμῶν ἐξορύξαντες ἐδώκατέ μοι. What was the blessing you enjoyed? For I testify to you that,if possible, you would have plucked out your eyes and given them to me.
ὥστε ἐχθρὸς ὑμῶν γέγονα ἀληθεύων ὑμῖν; So then, have I become your enemy by telling you the truth?
ζηλοῦσιν ὑμᾶς οὐ καλῶς, ἀλλὰ ἐκκλεῖσαι ὑμᾶς θέλουσιν, ἵνα αὐτοὺς ζηλοῦτε. They zealously seek you in no good way. No, they desire toalienate you, that you may seek them.
καλὸν δὲ ζηλοῦσθαι ἐν καλῷ πάντοτε, καὶ μὴ μόνον ἐν τῷ παρεῖναί με πρὸς ὑμᾶς But it is always good tobe zealous in a good cause, and not only when I am present with you.
τεκνία μου, οὓς πάλιν ὠδίνω μέχρις οὗ μορφωθῇ Χριστὸς ἐν ὑμῖν· My little children, of whom I am again in travail untilChrist is formed in you--
ἤθελον δὲ παρεῖναι πρὸς ὑμᾶς ἄρτι, καὶ ἀλλάξαι τὴν φωνήν μου, ὅτι ἀποροῦμαι ἐν ὑμῖν. but I could wish to be present withyou now, and to change my tone, for I am perplexed about you.

Intertexts (texts cited often on the same page as the searched text):

12 results
1. Cicero, Letters To His Friends, 10.23.7 (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. BCE)
2. Septuagint, 1 Maccabees, 1.47 (2nd cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE) 1.47. to build altars and sacred precincts and shrines for idols, to sacrifice swine and unclean animals
3. New Testament, 1 Corinthians, 2.1-2.5, 3.1, 3.6, 4.15-4.16, 11.1 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) 2.1. When I came to you, brothers, I didn't come with excellence ofspeech or of wisdom, proclaiming to you the testimony of God. 2.2. ForI determined not to know anything among you, except Jesus Christ, andhim crucified. 2.3. I was with you in weakness, in fear, and in muchtrembling. 2.4. My speech and my preaching were not in persuasivewords of human wisdom, but in demonstration of the Spirit and of power 2.5. that your faith wouldn't stand in the wisdom of men, but in thepower of God. 3.1. Brothers, I couldn't speak to you as to spiritual, but as tofleshly, as to babies in Christ. 3.6. I planted. Apollos watered. But Godgave the increase. 4.15. For though you have ten thousand tutors in Christ, yetnot many fathers. For in Christ Jesus, I became your father through thegospel. 4.16. I beg you therefore, be imitators of me. 11.1. Be imitators of me, even as I also am of Christ.
4. New Testament, 2 Corinthians, 1.18-1.19, 10.1, 10.8, 10.12, 10.18, 11.2, 11.4-11.5, 11.12, 11.27-11.28, 12.1, 12.7, 12.11, 12.19, 13.1 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
5. New Testament, 2 Thessalonians, 3.6-3.10 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) 3.6. Now we command you, brothers, in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, that you withdraw yourselves from every brother who walks in rebellion, and not after the tradition which they received from us. 3.7. For you know how you ought to imitate us. For we didn't behave ourselves rebelliously among you 3.8. neither did we eat bread from anyone's hand without paying for it, but in labor and travail worked night and day, that we might not burden any of you; 3.9. not because we don't have the right, but to make ourselves an example to you, that you should imitate us. 3.10. For even when we were with you, we commanded you this: "If anyone will not work, neither let him eat.
6. New Testament, Acts, 16.14, 18.11, 20.31, 23.12, 23.14, 23.21 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE) 16.14. A certain woman named Lydia, a seller of purple, of the city of Thyatira, one who worshiped God, heard us; whose heart the Lord opened to listen to the things which were spoken by Paul. 18.11. He lived there a year and six months, teaching the word of God among them. 20.31. Therefore watch, remembering that for a period of three years I didn't cease to admonish everyone night and day with tears. 23.12. When it was day, some of the Jews banded together, and bound themselves under a curse, saying that they would neither eat nor drink until they had killed Paul. 23.14. They came to the chief priests and the elders, and said, "We have bound ourselves under a great curse, to taste nothing until we have killed Paul. 23.21. Therefore don't yield to them, for more than forty men lie in wait for him, who have bound themselves under a curse neither to eat nor to drink until they have killed him. Now they are ready, looking for the promise from you.
7. New Testament, Galatians, 1.6-1.9, 1.13-1.17, 3.26-3.29, 4.11, 4.13-4.20, 4.22 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) 1.6. I marvel that you are so quickly deserting him who called you in the grace of Christ to a different gospel; 1.7. and there isn'tanother gospel. Only there are some who trouble you, and want topervert the gospel of Christ. 1.8. But even though we, or an angelfrom heaven, should preach to you any gospel other than that which wepreached to you, let him be cursed. 1.9. As we have said before, so Inow say again: if any man preaches to you any gospel other than thatwhich you received, let him be cursed. 1.13. For you have heard of my way ofliving in time past in the Jews' religion, how that beyond measure Ipersecuted the assembly of God, and ravaged it. 1.14. I advanced inthe Jews' religion beyond many of my own age among my countrymen, beingmore exceedingly zealous for the traditions of my fathers. 1.15. Butwhen it was the good pleasure of God, who separated me from my mother'swomb, and called me through his grace 1.16. to reveal his Son in me,that I might preach him among the Gentiles, I didn't immediately conferwith flesh and blood 1.17. nor did I go up to Jerusalem to those whowere apostles before me, but I went away into Arabia. Then I returnedto Damascus. 3.26. For you are all sons ofGod, through faith in Christ Jesus. 3.27. For as many of you as werebaptized into Christ have put on Christ. 3.28. There is neither Jewnor Greek, there is neither slave nor free man, there is neither malenor female; for you are all one in Christ Jesus. 3.29. If you are Christ's, then you are Abraham's seed and heirs according to promise. 4.11. I am afraid for you, that I might havewasted my labor for you. 4.13. but youknow that because of weakness of the flesh I preached the gospel to youthe first time. 4.14. That which was a temptation to you in my flesh,you didn't despise nor reject; but you received me as an angel of God,even as Christ Jesus. 4.15. What was the blessing you enjoyed? For I testify to you that,if possible, you would have plucked out your eyes and given them to me. 4.16. So then, have I become your enemy by telling you the truth? 4.17. They zealously seek you in no good way. No, they desire toalienate you, that you may seek them. 4.18. But it is always good tobe zealous in a good cause, and not only when I am present with you. 4.19. My little children, of whom I am again in travail untilChrist is formed in you-- 4.20. but I could wish to be present withyou now, and to change my tone, for I am perplexed about you. 4.22. For it is written that Abraham had two sons, one by thehandmaid, and one by the free woman.
8. New Testament, Philippians, 1.13, 2.2-2.3, 3.17, 4.1-4.23 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) 1.13. so that it became evident to the whole praetorian guard, and to all the rest, that my bonds are in Christ; 2.2. make my joy full, by being like-minded, having the same love, being of one accord, of one mind; 2.3. doing nothing through rivalry or through conceit, but in humility, each counting others better than himself; 3.17. Brothers, be imitators together of me, and note those who walk this way, even as you have us for an example. 4.1. Therefore, my brothers, beloved and longed for, my joy and crown, so stand firm in the Lord, my beloved. 4.2. I exhort Euodia, and I exhort Syntyche, to think the same way in the Lord. 4.3. Yes, I beg you also, true yoke-fellow, help these women, for they labored with me in the gospel, with Clement also, and the rest of my fellow workers, whose names are in the book of life. 4.4. Rejoice in the Lord always! Again I will say, Rejoice! 4.5. Let your gentleness be known to all men. The Lord is at hand. 4.6. In nothing be anxious, but in everything, by prayer and petition with thanksgiving, let your requests be made known to God. 4.7. The peace of God, which surpasses all understanding, will guard your hearts and your thoughts in Christ Jesus. 4.8. Finally, brothers, whatever things are true, whatever things are honorable, whatever things are just, whatever things are pure, whatever things are lovely, whatever things are of good report; if there is any virtue, and if there is any praise, think about these things. 4.9. The things which you learned, received, heard, and saw in me: do these things, and the God of peace will be with you. 4.10. But I rejoice in the Lord greatly, that now at length you have revived your thought for me; in which you did indeed take thought, but you lacked opportunity. 4.11. Not that I speak in respect to lack, for I have learned in whatever state I am, to be content in it. 4.12. I know how to be humbled, and I know also how to abound. In everything and in all things I have learned the secret both to be filled and to be hungry, both to abound and to be in need. 4.13. I can do all things through Christ, who strengthens me. 4.14. However you did well that you had fellowship with my affliction. 4.15. You yourselves also know, you Philippians, that in the beginning of the gospel, when I departed from Macedonia, no assembly had fellowship with me in the matter of giving and receiving but you only. 4.16. For even in Thessalonica you sent once and again to my need. 4.17. Not that I seek for the gift, but I seek for the fruit that increases to your account. 4.18. But I have all things, and abound. I am filled, having received from Epaphroditus the things that came from you, a sweet-smelling fragrance, an acceptable and well-pleasing sacrifice to God. 4.19. My God will supply every need of yours according to his riches in glory in Christ Jesus. 4.20. Now to our God and Father be the glory forever and ever! Amen. 4.21. Greet every saint in Christ Jesus. The brothers who are with me greet you. 4.22. All the saints greet you, especially those who are of Caesar's household. 4.23. The grace of the Lord Jesus Christ be with you all. Amen.
9. New Testament, Matthew, 5.47 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) 5.47. If you only greet your friends, what more do you do than others? Don't even the tax collectors do the same?
10. Seneca The Younger, Letters, 11.8-11.10 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
11. Athanasius, Life of Anthony, 1.2 (3rd cent. CE - 4th cent. CE)
12. Gregory of Nyssa, In Canticum Canticorum (Homiliae 15), 6, 1 (4th cent. CE - 4th cent. CE)

Subjects of this text:

subject	book bibliographic info
alexandria	Gunderson (2022), The Social Worlds of Ancient Jews and Christians: Essays in Honor of L. Michael White, 105
anxiety,pauline	Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 389
aphrodisias	Robbins et al. (2017), The Art of Visual Exegesis, 38
apology	Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 735
apostle	Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 740
apostleship,pauline	Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 389
asceticism/ascetics	Masterson (2016), Man to Man: Desire, Homosociality, and Authority in Late-Roman Manhood. 101
ascough,richard	Nasrallah (2019), Archaeology and the Letters of Paul, 122
augustus	Robbins et al. (2017), The Art of Visual Exegesis, 38, 41
authority (auctoritas/axiōma),projection of	Masterson (2016), Man to Man: Desire, Homosociality, and Authority in Late-Roman Manhood. 101
barbarian,barbarians	Robbins et al. (2017), The Art of Visual Exegesis, 38, 41
cato	Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 199
christianity,pauline	Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 199
clichés	Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 735
cognitive	Robbins et al. (2017), The Art of Visual Exegesis, 40
competition (agōn)	Masterson (2016), Man to Man: Desire, Homosociality, and Authority in Late-Roman Manhood. 101
culture,cultural affiliations in galilee	Esler (2000), The Early Christian World, 184
diatribe	Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 735
dio chrysostom	Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 735
discourse	Robbins et al. (2017), The Art of Visual Exegesis, 38
enigma	Cain (2023), Mirrors of the Divine: Late Ancient Christianity and the Vision of God, 127
epictetus	Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 735
epicureanism,example,use of	Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 199
epicurus	Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 199
epistolography	Gunderson (2022), The Social Worlds of Ancient Jews and Christians: Essays in Honor of L. Michael White, 105
example,pauline	Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 199
female	Robbins et al. (2017), The Art of Visual Exegesis, 41
finance	Nasrallah (2019), Archaeology and the Letters of Paul, 122
foreign languages	Tupamahu (2022), Contesting Languages: Heteroglossia and the Politics of Language in the Early Church, 108
frame,frames	Robbins et al. (2017), The Art of Visual Exegesis, 40
frank criticism (parrēsia)	Gunderson (2022), The Social Worlds of Ancient Jews and Christians: Essays in Honor of L. Michael White, 105
friendship (philia)	Gunderson (2022), The Social Worlds of Ancient Jews and Christians: Essays in Honor of L. Michael White, 105
galatian assembly,correspondence	Gunderson (2022), The Social Worlds of Ancient Jews and Christians: Essays in Honor of L. Michael White, 105
gentleness	Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 389
god,gregory of nyssa	Cain (2023), Mirrors of the Divine: Late Ancient Christianity and the Vision of God, 127
gods	Nasrallah (2019), Archaeology and the Letters of Paul, 122
great altar of pergamon	Robbins et al. (2017), The Art of Visual Exegesis, 38
gregory of nyssa,bride	Cain (2023), Mirrors of the Divine: Late Ancient Christianity and the Vision of God, 127
gregory of nyssa,god	Cain (2023), Mirrors of the Divine: Late Ancient Christianity and the Vision of God, 127
gregory of nyssa,image	Cain (2023), Mirrors of the Divine: Late Ancient Christianity and the Vision of God, 127
gregory of nyssa,metaphors	Cain (2023), Mirrors of the Divine: Late Ancient Christianity and the Vision of God, 127
gregory of nyssa,mirrors	Cain (2023), Mirrors of the Divine: Late Ancient Christianity and the Vision of God, 127
hero of alexandria	Cain (2023), Mirrors of the Divine: Late Ancient Christianity and the Vision of God, 127
hortatory,letters	Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 389
ideological	Robbins et al. (2017), The Art of Visual Exegesis, 38, 40
inner texture	Robbins et al. (2017), The Art of Visual Exegesis, 40, 41
intertexture	Robbins et al. (2017), The Art of Visual Exegesis, 40
jerusalem	Gunderson (2022), The Social Worlds of Ancient Jews and Christians: Essays in Honor of L. Michael White, 105
laelius	Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 199
letter of aristeas	Gunderson (2022), The Social Worlds of Ancient Jews and Christians: Essays in Honor of L. Michael White, 105
lucilius,gaius	Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 199
manhood (elite late-roman)	Masterson (2016), Man to Man: Desire, Homosociality, and Authority in Late-Roman Manhood. 101
metaphors,gregory of nyssa	Cain (2023), Mirrors of the Divine: Late Ancient Christianity and the Vision of God, 127
mind (nous)	Gunderson (2022), The Social Worlds of Ancient Jews and Christians: Essays in Honor of L. Michael White, 105
model,example	Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 199
morality	Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 735
musonius	Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 735
nero	Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 199
paideia	Masterson (2016), Man to Man: Desire, Homosociality, and Authority in Late-Roman Manhood. 101
paraenesis	Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 735
parallels/parallelism	Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 740
pastoral,method	Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 199
pathos	Keener(2005), First-Second Corinthians, 191
paul,affliction	Esler (2000), The Early Christian World, 184
paul,and moral progress	Gunderson (2022), The Social Worlds of Ancient Jews and Christians: Essays in Honor of L. Michael White, 105
paul,as pastor	Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 199, 389
paul,conversion	Esler (2000), The Early Christian World, 184
paul,gospel of	Gunderson (2022), The Social Worlds of Ancient Jews and Christians: Essays in Honor of L. Michael White, 105
paul,on the mind (nous)	Gunderson (2022), The Social Worlds of Ancient Jews and Christians: Essays in Honor of L. Michael White, 105
paul,pharisee	Esler (2000), The Early Christian World, 184
paul	Gunderson (2022), The Social Worlds of Ancient Jews and Christians: Essays in Honor of L. Michael White, 105; Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 735, 740
pauline	Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 389
philippian assembly,correspondence	Gunderson (2022), The Social Worlds of Ancient Jews and Christians: Essays in Honor of L. Michael White, 105
philocrates	Gunderson (2022), The Social Worlds of Ancient Jews and Christians: Essays in Honor of L. Michael White, 105
philosophy	Masterson (2016), Man to Man: Desire, Homosociality, and Authority in Late-Roman Manhood. 101
pleasure	Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 199, 389
plutarch	Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 735
power,roman imperial	Nasrallah (2019), Archaeology and the Letters of Paul, 122
preaching	Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 199
protrepsis/protreptic,nan	Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 735
protrepsis/protreptic	Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 735
religion	Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 740
representation	Robbins et al. (2017), The Art of Visual Exegesis, 38
rhetoric	Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 735
rhetorical devices	Keener(2005), First-Second Corinthians, 191
roman empire,imperial power	Nasrallah (2019), Archaeology and the Letters of Paul, 122
romans,letter to,rome,city of	Nasrallah (2019), Archaeology and the Letters of Paul, 122
sage	Gunderson (2022), The Social Worlds of Ancient Jews and Christians: Essays in Honor of L. Michael White, 105
sebasteion	Robbins et al. (2017), The Art of Visual Exegesis, 38
self-understanding,pauline	Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 389
self and other	Robbins et al. (2017), The Art of Visual Exegesis, 41
semiotic square	Robbins et al. (2017), The Art of Visual Exegesis, 38, 40, 41
seneca	Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 199
slaves,slavery,public	Nasrallah (2019), Archaeology and the Letters of Paul, 122
sociorhetorical	Robbins et al. (2017), The Art of Visual Exegesis, 40
soul	Tupamahu (2022), Contesting Languages: Heteroglossia and the Politics of Language in the Early Church, 109
sounds	Tupamahu (2022), Contesting Languages: Heteroglossia and the Politics of Language in the Early Church, 108, 109
stoicism,stoic philosophy	Nasrallah (2019), Archaeology and the Letters of Paul, 122
subjects	Tupamahu (2022), Contesting Languages: Heteroglossia and the Politics of Language in the Early Church, 108
topos,topoi	Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 735, 740
translation	Tupamahu (2022), Contesting Languages: Heteroglossia and the Politics of Language in the Early Church, 108
virtue,moral	Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 199
virtue	Gunderson (2022), The Social Worlds of Ancient Jews and Christians: Essays in Honor of L. Michael White, 105
visual material culture	Robbins et al. (2017), The Art of Visual Exegesis, 38, 40, 41
vita antonii (athanasius)	Masterson (2016), Man to Man: Desire, Homosociality, and Authority in Late-Roman Manhood. 101
voice	Tupamahu (2022), Contesting Languages: Heteroglossia and the Politics of Language in the Early Church, 108, 109
weapon'	Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 199