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Tiresias: The Ancient Mediterranean Religions Source Database



8250
New Testament, Galatians, 1.22-1.23


ἤμην δὲ ἀγνοούμενος τῷ προσώπῳ ταῖς ἐκκλησίαις τῆς Ἰουδαίας ταῖς ἐν ΧριστῷIwas still unknown by face to the assemblies of Judea which were inChrist


μόνον δὲ ἀκούοντες ἦσαν ὅτι Ὁ διώκων ἡμᾶς ποτὲ νῦν εὐαγγελίζεται τὴν πίστιν ἥν ποτε ἐπόρθειbut they only heard: "He who once persecuted us nowpreaches the faith that he once tried to destroy.


Intertexts (texts cited often on the same page as the searched text):

22 results
1. Hebrew Bible, Psalms, 21.23 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE)

2. Septuagint, Judith, 6.16 (2nd cent. BCE - 0th cent. CE)

6.16. They called together all the elders of the city, and all their young men and their women ran to the assembly; and they set Achior in the midst of all their people, and Uzziah asked him what had happened.
3. Josephus Flavius, Life, 12 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)

4. New Testament, 1 Peter, 1.1, 2.9-2.10 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)

1.1. Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, to the chosen ones who are living as strangers in the Dispersion in Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia 2.9. But you are a chosen race, a royal priesthood, a holy nation, a people for God's own possession, that you may show forth the excellencies of him who called you out of darkness into his marvelous light: 2.10. who in time past were no people, but now are God's people, who had not obtained mercy, but now have obtained mercy.
5. New Testament, 1 Corinthians, 1.1-1.2, 4.17, 7.17, 8.9-8.13, 9.1-9.3, 9.19, 10.7, 10.9, 10.32, 11.16, 11.18, 11.22, 12.13, 12.28, 14.4, 14.23, 14.33-14.35, 15.3-15.11, 15.32-15.34, 16.1-16.4, 16.19 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)

1.1. Paul, called to be an apostle of Jesus Christ through the willof God, and our brother Sosthenes 1.2. to the assembly of God whichis at Corinth; those who are sanctified in Christ Jesus, called to besaints, with all who call on the name of our Lord Jesus Christ in everyplace, both theirs and ours: 4.17. Becauseof this I have sent Timothy to you, who is my beloved and faithfulchild in the Lord, who will remind you of my ways which are in Christ,even as I teach everywhere in every assembly. 7.17. Only, as the Lord hasdistributed to each man, as God has called each, so let him walk. So Icommand in all the assemblies. 8.9. But be careful that by no means does this liberty ofyours become a stumbling block to the weak. 8.10. For if a man seesyou who have knowledge sitting in an idol's temple, won't hisconscience, if he is weak, be emboldened to eat things sacrificed toidols? 8.11. And through your knowledge, he who is weak perishes, thebrother for whose sake Christ died. 8.12. Thus, sinning against thebrothers, and wounding their conscience when it is weak, you sinagainst Christ. 8.13. Therefore, if food causes my brother to stumble,I will eat no meat forevermore, that I don't cause my brother tostumble. 9.1. Am I not free? Am I not an apostle? Haven't I seen JesusChrist, our Lord? Aren't you my work in the Lord? 9.2. If to others Iam not an apostle, yet at least I am to you; for you are the seal of myapostleship in the Lord. 9.3. My defense to those who examine me isthis. 9.19. For though I was free fromall, I brought myself under bondage to all, that I might gain the more. 10.7. Neither be idolaters, as someof them were. As it is written, "The people sat down to eat and drink,and rose up to play. 10.9. Neither let us test the Lord, as some of them tested, andperished by the serpents. 10.32. Give no occasions for stumbling, either to Jews, or to Greeks,or to the assembly of God; 11.16. But if any man seems to be contentious, we have nosuch custom, neither do God's assemblies. 11.18. For firstof all, when you come together in the assembly, I hear that divisionsexist among you, and I partly believe it. 11.22. What, don't you have houses to eat and to drink in?Or do you despise God's assembly, and put them to shame who don't have?What shall I tell you? Shall I praise you? In this I don't praise you. 12.13. For in one Spirit we were all baptized into one body, whetherJews or Greeks, whether bond or free; and were all given to drink intoone Spirit. 12.28. God has set some in the assembly: first apostles, secondprophets, third teachers, then miracle workers, then gifts of healings,helps, governments, and various kinds of languages. 14.4. He whospeaks in another language edifies himself, but he who prophesiesedifies the assembly. 14.23. If therefore thewhole assembly is assembled together and all speak with otherlanguages, and unlearned or unbelieving people come in, won't they saythat you are crazy? 14.33. for God is not a God of confusion, but of peace.As in all the assemblies of the saints 14.34. let your wives keepsilent in the assemblies, for it has not been permitted for them tospeak; but let them be in subjection, as the law also says. 14.35. Ifthey desire to learn anything, let them ask their own husbands at home,for it is shameful for a woman to chatter in the assembly. 15.3. For I delivered to youfirst of all that which I also received: that Christ died for our sinsaccording to the Scriptures 15.4. that he was buried, that he wasraised on the third day according to the Scriptures 15.5. and that heappeared to Cephas, then to the twelve. 15.6. Then he appeared to overfive hundred brothers at once, most of whom remain until now, but somehave also fallen asleep. 15.7. Then he appeared to James, then to allthe apostles 15.8. and last of all, as to the child born at the wrongtime, he appeared to me also. 15.9. For I am the least of theapostles, who is not worthy to be called an apostle, because Ipersecuted the assembly of God. 15.10. But by the grace of God I amwhat I am. His grace which was bestowed on me was not futile, but Iworked more than all of them; yet not I, but the grace of God which waswith me. 15.11. Whether then it is I or they, so we preach, and so youbelieved. 15.32. If I fought withanimals at Ephesus for human purposes, what does it profit me? If thedead are not raised, then "let us eat and drink, for tomorrow we die. 15.33. Don't be deceived! "Evil companionships corrupt good morals. 15.34. Wake up righteously, and don't sin, for some have no knowledgeof God. I say this to your shame. 16.1. Now concerning the collection for the saints, as I commandedthe assemblies of Galatia, you do likewise. 16.2. On the first day ofthe week, let each one of you save, as he may prosper, that nocollections be made when I come. 16.3. When I arrive, I will sendwhoever you approve with letters to carry your gracious gift toJerusalem. 16.4. If it is appropriate for me to go also, they will gowith me. 16.19. The assemblies of Asia greet you. Aquila and Priscilla greetyou much in the Lord, together with the assembly that is in theirhouse.
6. New Testament, 1 Thessalonians, 1.1, 2.14 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)

1.1. Paul, Silvanus, and Timothy, to the assembly of the Thessalonians in God the Father and the Lord Jesus Christ: Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ. 2.14. For you, brothers, became imitators of the assemblies of God which are in Judea in Christ Jesus; for you also suffered the same things from your own countrymen, even as they did from the Jews;
7. New Testament, 1 Timothy, 1.1, 3.5, 3.15 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)

1.1. Paul, an apostle of Christ Jesus according to the commandment of God our Savior, and Christ Jesus our hope; 3.5. (but if a man doesn't know how to rule his own house, how will he take care of the assembly of God?) 3.15. but if I wait long, that you may know how men ought to behave themselves in the house of God, which is the assembly of the living God, the pillar and ground of the truth.
8. New Testament, 2 Corinthians, 1.1, 1.16, 8.1, 8.18-8.19, 8.23-8.24, 11.8, 11.28 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)

9. New Testament, 2 Thessalonians, 1.1, 2.1 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)

1.1. Paul, Silvanus, and Timothy, to the assembly of the Thessalonians in God our Father, and the Lord Jesus Christ: 2.1. Now, brothers, concerning the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ, and our gathering together to him, we ask you
10. New Testament, Acts, 1.2, 1.8, 5.11, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.8-8.3, 7.38, 7.58-8.1, 8.3, 9.3, 10, 10.28, 11, 11.20, 11.21, 11.22, 11.26, 12.1, 12.5, 13.1, 14.23, 15, 15.1, 15.3, 15.4, 15.22, 19.32, 19.39, 19.40, 20.28 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)

1.2. until the day in which he was received up, after he had given commandment through the Holy Spirit to the apostles whom he had chosen.
11. New Testament, Apocalypse, 1.4, 1.20, 2.1, 2.7-2.8, 2.11, 2.17, 2.23, 3.1, 3.14, 22.21 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)

1.4. John, to the seven assemblies that are in Asia: Grace to you and peace, from God, who is and who was and who is to come; and from the seven Spirits who are before his throne; 1.20. the mystery of the seven stars which you saw in my right hand, and the seven golden lampstands. The seven stars are the angels of the seven assemblies. The seven lampstands are seven assemblies. 2.1. To the angel of the assembly in Ephesus write: "He who holds the seven stars in his right hand, he who walks in the midst of the seven golden lampstands says these things: 2.7. He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the assemblies. To him who overcomes I will give to eat of the tree of life, which is in the Paradise of my God. 2.8. To the angel of the assembly in Smyrna write: "The first and the last, who was dead, and has come to life says these things: 2.11. He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the assemblies. He who overcomes won't be harmed by the second death. 2.17. He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the assemblies. To him who overcomes, to him I will give of the hidden manna, and I will give him a white stone, and on the stone a new name written, which no one knows but he who receives it. 2.23. I will kill her children with Death, and all the assemblies will know that I am he who searches the minds and hearts. I will give to each one of you according to your deeds. 3.1. And to the angel of the assembly in Sardis write: He who has the seven Spirits of God, and the seven stars says these things: "I know your works, that you have a reputation of being alive, but you are dead. 3.14. To the angel of the assembly in Laodicea write: "The Amen, the Faithful and True Witness, the Head of God's creation, says these things: 22.21. The grace of the Lord Jesus Christ be with all the saints. Amen.
12. New Testament, James, 1.11, 5.14 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)

1.11. For the sun arises with the scorching wind, and withers the grass, and the flower in it falls, and the beauty of its appearance perishes. So also will the rich man fade away in his pursuits. 5.14. Is any among you sick? Let him call for the elders of the assembly, and let them pray over him, anointing him with oil in the name of the Lord
13. New Testament, Philemon, 1 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)

14. New Testament, Colossians, 1.1, 1.18, 1.24, 4.15-4.16 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)

1.1. Paul, an apostle of Christ Jesus through the will of God, and Timothy our brother 1.18. He is the head of the body, the assembly, who is the beginning, the firstborn from the dead; that in all things he might have the preeminence. 1.24. Now I rejoice in my sufferings for your sake, and fill up on my part that which is lacking of the afflictions of Christ in my flesh for his body's sake, which is the assembly; 4.15. Greet the brothers who are in Laodicea, and Nymphas, and the assembly that is in his house. 4.16. When this letter has been read among you, cause it to be read also in the assembly of the Laodiceans; and that you also read the letter from Laodicea.
15. New Testament, Ephesians, 1.1-1.2, 1.22, 3.10, 3.21, 5.23-5.25, 5.27, 5.29, 5.32 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)

1.1. Paul, an apostle of Christ Jesus through the will of God, to the saints who are at Ephesus, and the faithful in Christ Jesus: 1.2. Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ. 1.22. He put all things in subjection under his feet, and gave him to be head over all things for the assembly 3.10. to the intent that now through the assembly the manifold wisdom of God might be made known to the principalities and the powers in the heavenly places 3.21. to him be the glory in the assembly and in Christ Jesus to all generations forever and ever. Amen. 5.23. For the husband is the head of the wife, and Christ also is the head of the assembly, being himself the savior of the body. 5.24. But as the assembly is subject to Christ, so let the wives also be to their own husbands in everything. 5.25. Husbands, love your wives, even as Christ also loved the assembly, and gave himself up for it; 5.27. that he might present the assembly to himself gloriously, not having spot or wrinkle or any such thing; but that it should be holy and without blemish. 5.29. For no man ever hated his own flesh; but nourishes and cherishes it, even as the Lord also does the assembly; 5.32. This mystery is great, but I speak concerning Christ and of the assembly.
16. New Testament, Galatians, 1.1-1.21, 1.23-1.25, 2.1-2.21, 4.25-4.26, 6.11-6.18 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)

1.1. Paul, an apostle (not from men, neither through man, but through Jesus Christ, and God the Father, who raised him from the dead) 1.2. and all the brothers who are with me, to the assemblies of Galatia: 1.3. Grace to you and peace from God the Father, and our Lord Jesus Christ 1.4. who gave himself for our sins, that he might deliver us out of this present evil age, according to the will of our God and Father -- 1.5. to whom be the glory forever and ever. Amen. 1.6. I marvel that you are so quickly deserting him who called you in the grace of Christ to a different gospel; 1.7. and there isn'tanother gospel. Only there are some who trouble you, and want topervert the gospel of Christ. 1.8. But even though we, or an angelfrom heaven, should preach to you any gospel other than that which wepreached to you, let him be cursed. 1.9. As we have said before, so Inow say again: if any man preaches to you any gospel other than thatwhich you received, let him be cursed. 1.10. For am I now seeking thefavor of men, or of God? Or am I striving to please men? For if I werestill pleasing men, I wouldn't be a servant of Christ. 1.11. But Imake known to you, brothers, concerning the gospel which was preachedby me, that it is not according to man. 1.12. For neither did Ireceive it from man, nor was I taught it, but it came to me throughrevelation of Jesus Christ. 1.13. For you have heard of my way ofliving in time past in the Jews' religion, how that beyond measure Ipersecuted the assembly of God, and ravaged it. 1.14. I advanced inthe Jews' religion beyond many of my own age among my countrymen, beingmore exceedingly zealous for the traditions of my fathers. 1.15. Butwhen it was the good pleasure of God, who separated me from my mother'swomb, and called me through his grace 1.16. to reveal his Son in me,that I might preach him among the Gentiles, I didn't immediately conferwith flesh and blood 1.17. nor did I go up to Jerusalem to those whowere apostles before me, but I went away into Arabia. Then I returnedto Damascus. 1.18. Then after three years I went up to Jerusalem tovisit Peter, and stayed with him fifteen days. 1.19. But of the otherapostles I saw no one, except James, the Lord's brother. 1.20. Nowabout the things which I write to you, behold, before God, I'm notlying. 1.21. Then I came to the regions of Syria and Cilicia. 1.23. but they only heard: "He who once persecuted us nowpreaches the faith that he once tried to destroy. 1.24. And theyglorified God in me. 2.1. Then after a period of fourteen years I went up again toJerusalem with Barnabas, taking Titus also with me. 2.2. I went up byrevelation, and I laid before them the gospel which I preach among theGentiles, but privately before those who were respected, for fear thatI might be running, or had run, in vain. 2.3. But not even Titus, whowas with me, being a Greek, was compelled to be circumcised. 2.4. Thiswas because of the false brothers secretly brought in, who stole in tospy out our liberty which we have in Christ Jesus, that they mightbring us into bondage; 2.5. to whom we gave no place in the way ofsubjection, not for an hour, that the truth of the gospel mightcontinue with you. 2.6. But from those who were reputed to beimportant (whatever they were, it makes no difference to me; Goddoesn't show partiality to man) -- they, I say, who were respectedimparted nothing to me 2.7. but to the contrary, when they saw that Ihad been entrusted with the gospel for the uncircumcision, even asPeter with the gospel for the circumcision 2.8. (for he who appointedPeter to the apostleship of the circumcision appointed me also to theGentiles); 2.9. and when they perceived the grace that was given tome, James and Cephas and John, they who were reputed to be pillars,gave to me and Barnabas the right hand of fellowship, that we should goto the Gentiles, and they to the circumcision. 2.10. They only askedus to remember the poor -- which very thing I was also zealous to do. 2.11. But when Peter came to Antioch, I resisted him to the face,because he stood condemned. 2.12. For before some people came fromJames, he ate with the Gentiles. But when they came, he drew back andseparated himself, fearing those who were of the circumcision. 2.13. And the rest of the Jews joined him in his hypocrisy; so that evenBarnabas was carried away with their hypocrisy. 2.14. But when I sawthat they didn't walk uprightly according to the truth of the gospel, Isaid to Peter before them all, "If you, being a Jew, live as theGentiles do, and not as the Jews do, why do you compel the Gentiles tolive as the Jews do? 2.15. We, being Jews by nature, and not Gentile sinners 2.16. yet knowing that a man is not justified by the works of the law butthrough the faith of Jesus Christ, even we believed in Christ Jesus,that we might be justified by faith in Christ, and not by the works ofthe law, because no flesh will be justified by the works of the law. 2.17. But if, while we sought to be justified in Christ, we ourselvesalso were found sinners, is Christ a servant of sin? Certainly not! 2.18. For if I build up again those things which I destroyed, I provemyself a law-breaker. 2.19. For I, through the law, died to the law,that I might live to God. 2.20. I have been crucified with Christ, andit is no longer I that live, but Christ living in me. That life which Inow live in the flesh, I live by faith in the Son of God, who loved me,and gave himself up for me. 2.21. I don't make void the grace of God.For if righteousness is through the law, then Christ died for nothing! 4.25. For this Hagar is Mount Sinai inArabia, and answers to the Jerusalem that exists now, for she is inbondage with her children. 4.26. But the Jerusalem that is above isfree, which is the mother of us all. 6.11. See with what large letters I write to you with my own hand. 6.12. As many as desire to look good in the flesh, they compel you tobe circumcised; only that they may not be persecuted for the cross ofChrist. 6.13. For even they who receive circumcision don't keep thelaw themselves, but they desire to have you circumcised, that they mayboast in your flesh. 6.14. But far be it from me to boast, except inthe cross of our Lord Jesus Christ, through which the world has beencrucified to me, and I to the world. 6.15. For in Christ Jesus neitheris circumcision anything, nor uncircumcision, but a new creation. 6.16. As many as walk by this rule, peace and mercy be on them, and onGod's Israel. 6.17. From now on, let no one cause me any trouble, forI bear the marks of the Lord Jesus branded on my body. 6.18. The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with your spirit,brothers. Amen.
17. New Testament, Hebrews, 2.12, 12.23 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)

2.12. saying, "I will declare your name to my brothers. In the midst of the congregation I will sing your praise. 12.23. to the general assembly and assembly of the firstborn who are enrolled in heaven, to God the Judge of all, to the spirits of just men made perfect
18. New Testament, Philippians, 1.1, 2.25, 3.5-3.6, 3.20, 4.15 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)

1.1. Paul and Timothy, servants of Jesus Christ; To all the saints in Christ Jesus who are at Philippi, with the overseers and deacons: 2.25. But I counted it necessary to send to you Epaphroditus, my brother, fellow worker, fellow soldier, and your apostle and minister to my need; 3.5. circumcised the eighth day, of the stock of Israel, of the tribe of Benjamin, a Hebrew of Hebrews; concerning the law, a Pharisee; 3.6. concerning zeal, persecuting the assembly; concerning the righteousness which is in the law, found blameless. 3.20. For our citizenship is in heaven, from where we also wait for a Savior, the Lord Jesus Christ; 4.15. You yourselves also know, you Philippians, that in the beginning of the gospel, when I departed from Macedonia, no assembly had fellowship with me in the matter of giving and receiving but you only.
19. New Testament, Romans, 1.1, 1.14, 2.25-2.29, 3.1, 11.13, 15.19, 15.25-15.26, 15.31, 16.1, 16.4-16.5, 16.16, 16.23 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)

1.1. Paul, a servant of Jesus Christ, called to be an apostle, set apart for the gospel of God 1.14. I am debtor both to Greeks and to foreigners, both to the wise and to the foolish. 2.25. For circumcision indeed profits, if you are a doer of the law, but if you are a transgressor of the law, your circumcision has become uncircumcision. 2.26. If therefore the uncircumcised keep the ordices of the law, won't his uncircumcision be accounted as circumcision? 2.27. Won't the uncircumcision which is by nature, if it fulfills the law, judge you, who with the letter and circumcision are a transgressor of the law? 2.28. For he is not a Jew who is one outwardly, neither is that circumcision which is outward in the flesh; 2.29. but he is a Jew who is one inwardly, and circumcision is that of the heart, in the spirit not in the letter; whose praise is not from men, but from God. 3.1. Then what advantage does the Jew have? Or what is the profit of circumcision? 11.13. For I speak to you who are Gentiles. Since then as I am an apostle to Gentiles, I glorify my ministry; 15.19. in the power of signs and wonders, in the power of God's Spirit; so that from Jerusalem, and around as far as to Illyricum, I have fully preached the gospel of Christ; 15.25. But now, I say, I am going to Jerusalem, serving the saints. 15.26. For it has been the good pleasure of Macedonia and Achaia to make a certain contribution for the poor among the saints who are at Jerusalem. 15.31. that I may be delivered from those who are disobedient in Judea, and that my service which I have for Jerusalem may be acceptable to the saints; 16.1. I commend to you Phoebe, our sister, who is a servant of the assembly that is at Cenchreae 16.4. who for my life, laid down their own necks; to whom not only I give thanks, but also all the assemblies of the Gentiles. 16.5. Greet the assembly that is in their house. Greet Epaenetus, my beloved, who is the first fruits of Achaia to Christ. 16.16. Greet one another with a holy kiss. The assemblies of Christ greet you. 16.23. Gaius, my host and host of the whole assembly, greets you. Erastus, the treasurer of the city, greets you, as does Quartus, the brother.
20. New Testament, Titus, 1.1 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)

1.1. Paul, a servant of God, and an apostle of Jesus Christ, according to the faith of God's elect, and the knowledge of the truth which is according to godliness
21. New Testament, Mark, 7.27, 9.5, 13.14 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)

7.27. But Jesus said to her, "Let the children be filled first, for it is not appropriate to take the children's bread and throw it to the dogs. 9.5. Peter answered Jesus, "Rabbi, it is good for us to be here. Let's make three tents: one for you, one for Moses, and one for Elijah. 13.14. But when you see the abomination of desolation, spoken of by Daniel the prophet, standing where it ought not (let the reader understand), then let those who are in Judea flee to the mountains
22. New Testament, Matthew, 16.18, 18.17, 24.15 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)

16.18. I also tell you that you are Peter, and on this rock I will build my assembly, and the gates of Hades will not prevail against it. 18.17. If he refuses to listen to them, tell it to the assembly. If he refuses to hear the assembly also, let him be to you as a Gentile or a tax collector. 24.15. When, therefore, you see the abomination of desolation, which was spoken of through Daniel the prophet, standing in the holy place (let the reader understand)


Subjects of this text:

subject book bibliographic info
acts of the apostles Nasrallah (2019), Archaeology and the Letters of Paul, 85
allegory,allegorical interpretation Potter Suh and Holladay (2021), Hellenistic Jewish Literature and the New Testament: Collected Essays, 179
anatolia/asia minor Gruen (2020), Ethnicity in the Ancient World - Did it matter, 202
anger,wild Levison (2023), The Greek Life of Adam and Eve. 544
antioch (syrian) Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 466
antithesis Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 296
apocalypse of peter Ayres and Ward (2021), The Rise of the Early Christian Intellectual, 19
apostle Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 482
apostleship,pauline Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 296
aristobulus,allegorical exegesis of ot Potter Suh and Holladay (2021), Hellenistic Jewish Literature and the New Testament: Collected Essays, 179
aristobulus,paul comparison Potter Suh and Holladay (2021), Hellenistic Jewish Literature and the New Testament: Collected Essays, 179
aristobulus Potter Suh and Holladay (2021), Hellenistic Jewish Literature and the New Testament: Collected Essays, 179
ascension of isaiah Ayres and Ward (2021), The Rise of the Early Christian Intellectual, 19
authors relationship with audience,style and vocabulary deSilva (2022), Ephesians, 47
barnabas Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 466, 568
beast,passions as Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 49
boer,marinus de Nasrallah (2019), Archaeology and the Letters of Paul, 85
christ assembly (see also synagogue) Keith (2020), The Gospel as Manuscript: An Early History of the Jesus Tradition as Material Artifact, 214
christians/christianity Gruen (2020), Ethnicity in the Ancient World - Did it matter, 202
contradiction Fisch, (2023), Written for Us: Paul’s Interpretation of Scripture and the History of Midrash, 5
conversion/proselytes,christian Gruen (2020), Ethnicity in the Ancient World - Did it matter, 202
corinth Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 482
culture,cultural affiliations in galilee Esler (2000), The Early Christian World, 178
cynics/cynicism Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 49
damascus,and paul Esler (2000), The Early Christian World, 178
deception,enemy,of the Levison (2023), The Greek Life of Adam and Eve. 544
deception,path of Levison (2023), The Greek Life of Adam and Eve. 544
demetrius,chronographer,hellenistic historiography Potter Suh and Holladay (2021), Hellenistic Jewish Literature and the New Testament: Collected Essays, 179
demetrius,chronographer Potter Suh and Holladay (2021), Hellenistic Jewish Literature and the New Testament: Collected Essays, 179
diaspora,jewish / diaspora judaism Witter et al. (2021), Torah, Temple, Land: Constructions of Judaism in Antiquity, 194
diaspora Potter Suh and Holladay (2021), Hellenistic Jewish Literature and the New Testament: Collected Essays, 179
diatribe,hellenistic judaism Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 49
diatribe Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 49
elder),paul comparison Potter Suh and Holladay (2021), Hellenistic Jewish Literature and the New Testament: Collected Essays, 179
elder) Potter Suh and Holladay (2021), Hellenistic Jewish Literature and the New Testament: Collected Essays, 179
epicurus,justice Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 49
epicurus Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 49
ethnos/ethne,christians as Gruen (2020), Ethnicity in the Ancient World - Did it matter, 202
ethnos/ethne,in Gruen (2020), Ethnicity in the Ancient World - Did it matter, 202
eve Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 49
ezekiel,tragedian,paul comparison Potter Suh and Holladay (2021), Hellenistic Jewish Literature and the New Testament: Collected Essays, 179
ezekiel,tragedian Potter Suh and Holladay (2021), Hellenistic Jewish Literature and the New Testament: Collected Essays, 179
fiscus judaicus,jewish tax Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 482
forgiveness Levison (2023), The Greek Life of Adam and Eve. 544
free will Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 296
freedom,pauline Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 296
galatians,letter to the Nasrallah (2019), Archaeology and the Letters of Paul, 85
genos/gene/gens/genus,christians as Gruen (2020), Ethnicity in the Ancient World - Did it matter, 202
genos/gene/gens/genus,in Gruen (2020), Ethnicity in the Ancient World - Did it matter, 202
gentile christians / gentile churches Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 466, 482, 568
gentiles,first mission to Esler (2000), The Early Christian World, 178
gospel of the circumcision Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 466, 568
greed Levison (2023), The Greek Life of Adam and Eve. 544
greek paideia,jewish use Potter Suh and Holladay (2021), Hellenistic Jewish Literature and the New Testament: Collected Essays, 179
greeks/hellenes,and jews Gruen (2020), Ethnicity in the Ancient World - Did it matter, 202
hebrews/israelites,as chosen people Gruen (2020), Ethnicity in the Ancient World - Did it matter, 202
hedonism Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 49
hellenists Esler (2000), The Early Christian World, 178
heracles/hercules Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 49
homer,model for hellenistic jews Potter Suh and Holladay (2021), Hellenistic Jewish Literature and the New Testament: Collected Essays, 179
homer Potter Suh and Holladay (2021), Hellenistic Jewish Literature and the New Testament: Collected Essays, 179
i peter Gruen (2020), Ethnicity in the Ancient World - Did it matter, 202
immorality Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 49
james (brother of jesus) Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 466, 482, 568
jerusalem Fisch, (2023), Written for Us: Paul’s Interpretation of Scripture and the History of Midrash, 5
jerusalem church Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 466
jesus (christ) (see also yeshu) Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 466, 482
jesus christ Gruen (2020), Ethnicity in the Ancient World - Did it matter, 202
jewish-christian group,commmunity Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 482
jews/judeans/ioudaioi,and non-jews in paul Gruen (2020), Ethnicity in the Ancient World - Did it matter, 202
john (disciple) Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 466
josephus Fisch, (2023), Written for Us: Paul’s Interpretation of Scripture and the History of Midrash, 5
judaea (roman province; see also yehud) Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 466, 482, 568
judaism,acceptance of hellenism Potter Suh and Holladay (2021), Hellenistic Jewish Literature and the New Testament: Collected Essays, 179
judaism,hellenistic Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 49
judaism and hellenism Potter Suh and Holladay (2021), Hellenistic Jewish Literature and the New Testament: Collected Essays, 179
judaize,judaizing (ioudaïzein) Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 466, 482, 568
jupiter temple (jerusalem) Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 482
justice Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 49
laos Gruen (2020), Ethnicity in the Ancient World - Did it matter, 202
law in paul Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 568
lã¼hrmann,dieter Nasrallah (2019), Archaeology and the Letters of Paul, 85
marketplace Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 49
messiah Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 466
metaphor(ical) Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 466
midrash,genealogies of Fisch, (2023), Written for Us: Paul’s Interpretation of Scripture and the History of Midrash, 5
paraenesis Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 568
parallels/parallelism Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 49
paul,allegory use Potter Suh and Holladay (2021), Hellenistic Jewish Literature and the New Testament: Collected Essays, 179
paul,apostle,travels Nasrallah (2019), Archaeology and the Letters of Paul, 85
paul,apostolic commission deSilva (2022), Ephesians, 47
paul,aristobulus comparison Potter Suh and Holladay (2021), Hellenistic Jewish Literature and the New Testament: Collected Essays, 179
paul,as persecutor Esler (2000), The Early Christian World, 178
paul,determinism Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 296
paul,free will Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 296
paul,seer of revelation compared Ayres and Ward (2021), The Rise of the Early Christian Intellectual, 19
paul Gruen (2020), Ethnicity in the Ancient World - Did it matter, 202; Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 49; Witter et al. (2021), Torah, Temple, Land: Constructions of Judaism in Antiquity, 194
paul (saul) Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 466, 482, 568
persecution Witter et al. (2021), Torah, Temple, Land: Constructions of Judaism in Antiquity, 194
peter (cephas,simon –) Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 466, 482, 568
pharisees/pharisaism Fisch, (2023), Written for Us: Paul’s Interpretation of Scripture and the History of Midrash, 5
philo of alexandria Potter Suh and Holladay (2021), Hellenistic Jewish Literature and the New Testament: Collected Essays, 179
philosopher,popular Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 49
plato,aristobulus Potter Suh and Holladay (2021), Hellenistic Jewish Literature and the New Testament: Collected Essays, 179
plato Potter Suh and Holladay (2021), Hellenistic Jewish Literature and the New Testament: Collected Essays, 179
pleasure Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 296
polemic Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 49
poor,the Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 466, 568
preaching,in synagogue Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 49
proselyte,proselytism Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 466
pythagoras,pythagorean,neopythagoean Potter Suh and Holladay (2021), Hellenistic Jewish Literature and the New Testament: Collected Essays, 179
rabban gamliel Fisch, (2023), Written for Us: Paul’s Interpretation of Scripture and the History of Midrash, 5
revelation Ayres and Ward (2021), The Rise of the Early Christian Intellectual, 19
rhetoric,questions Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 296
rhetoric,rhetorical Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 568
rome/romans,and christians Gruen (2020), Ethnicity in the Ancient World - Did it matter, 202
sardanapalus Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 49
seer of revelation,,communities and churches of asia,relationship to Ayres and Ward (2021), The Rise of the Early Christian Intellectual, 19
seer of revelation,,john the zebedee,association with Ayres and Ward (2021), The Rise of the Early Christian Intellectual, 19
seer of revelation,,paul compared Ayres and Ward (2021), The Rise of the Early Christian Intellectual, 19
seer of revelation,,prophet detached from world,self-description as Ayres and Ward (2021), The Rise of the Early Christian Intellectual, 19
seer of revelation Ayres and Ward (2021), The Rise of the Early Christian Intellectual, 19
self-understanding,pauline Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 296
serpent,tool of devil,as Levison (2023), The Greek Life of Adam and Eve. 544
slaves/slavery,in pauls binary Gruen (2020), Ethnicity in the Ancient World - Did it matter, 202
stephen Esler (2000), The Early Christian World, 178
stoicism,freedom Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 296
stoicism,on freedom Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 296
stoicism Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 296
synagogue Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 49; Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 482
tarsus Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 49
theodotus Potter Suh and Holladay (2021), Hellenistic Jewish Literature and the New Testament: Collected Essays, 179
thought,diaspora consciousness Potter Suh and Holladay (2021), Hellenistic Jewish Literature and the New Testament: Collected Essays, 179
thought,hellenistic jews comparison Potter Suh and Holladay (2021), Hellenistic Jewish Literature and the New Testament: Collected Essays, 179
thought,homeland Potter Suh and Holladay (2021), Hellenistic Jewish Literature and the New Testament: Collected Essays, 179
titus (emperor) Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 466
titus (pauls companion) Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 568
travel,missionary activity Nasrallah (2019), Archaeology and the Letters of Paul, 85
tree Levison (2023), The Greek Life of Adam and Eve. 544
unnik,willem c. van Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 49
virtue,from philosophy Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 49
weapon' Malherbe et al. (2014), Light from the Gentiles: Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christianity: Collected Essays of Abraham J, 296
zeal (for the law) Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 568
zealot,zealots Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 482