1. Septuagint, 2 Maccabees, 2 (2nd cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE)
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2. Anon., Sibylline Oracles, 4 (1st cent. BCE - 5th cent. CE)
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3. Anon., Didache, 12.4 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
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4. Dio Chrysostom, Orations, 32.29, 32.31 (1st cent. CE
| 32.31. Who, pray, could praise a people with such a disposition? Is not that the reason why even to your own rulers you seem rather contemptible? Someone already, according to report, has expressed his opinion of you in these words: "But of the people of Alexandria what can one say, a folk to whom you need only throw plenty of bread and a ticket to the hippodrome, since they have no interest in anything else?" Why, inasmuch as, in case a leading citizen misbehaves publicly in the sight of all, you will visit him with your contempt and regard him as a worthless fellow, no matter if he has authority a thousand times as great as yours, you yourselves cannot succeed in maintaining a reputation for dignity and seriousness so long as you are guilty of like misconduct. |
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5. Epictetus, Discourses, 4.7.6 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
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6. Ignatius, To Polycarp, 3.1, 7.3 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
| 3.1. Let not those that seem to be plausible and yet teach strange doctrine dismay thee. Stand thou firm, as an anvil when it is smitten. It is the part of a great athlete to receive blows and be victorious. But especially must we for God's sake endure all things, that He also may endure us. 3.1. For I know and believe that He was in the flesh even after the resurrection; 7.3. A Christian hath no authority over himself, but giveth his time to God. This is God's work, and yours also, when ye shall complete it: for I trust in the Divine grace, that ye are ready for an act of well- doing which is meet for God. Knowing the fervour of your sincerity, I have exhorted you in a short letter. |
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7. Ignatius, To The Philadelphians, 5.2, 6.1, 8.1-8.2, 9.2 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
| 5.2. Yea, and we love the prophets also, because they too pointed to the Gospel in their preaching and set their hope on Him and awaited Him; in whom also having faith they were saved in the unity of Jesus Christ, being worthy of all love and admiration as holy men, approved of Jesus Christ and numbered together in the Gospel of our common hope. 6.1. But if any one propound Judaism unto you, here him not: for it is better to hear Christianity from a man who is circumcised than Judaism from one uncircumcised. But if either the one or the other speak not concerning Jesus Christ, I look on them as tombstones and graves of the dead, whereon are inscribed only the names of men. 8.1. I therefore did my own part, as a man composed unto union. But where there is division and anger, there God abideth not. Now the Lord forgiveth all men when they repent, if repenting they return to the unity of God and to the council of the bishop. I have faith in the grace of Jesus Christ, who shall strike off every fetter from you; 8.2. and I entreat you, Do ye nothing in a spirit of factiousness but after the teaching of Christ. For I heard certain persons saying, If I find it not in the charters, I believe it not in the Gospel. And when I said to them, It is written, they answered me That is the question. But as for me, my charter is Jesus Christ, the inviolable charter is His cross and His death and His resurrection, and faith through Him; wherein I desire to be justified through your prayers. 9.2. But the Gospel hath a singular preeminence in the advent of the Saviour, even our Lord Jesus Christ, and His passion and resurrection. For the beloved Prophets in their preaching pointed to Him; but the Gospel is the completion of immortality. All things together are good, if ye believe through love. |
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8. Ignatius, To The Ephesians, 3.2, 5.3, 7.2, 9.1, 11.2 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
| 3.2. But, since love doth not suffer me to be silent concerning you, therefore was I forward to exhort you, that ye run in harmony with the mind of God: for Jesus Christ also, our inseparable life, is the mind of the Father, even as the bishops that are settled in the farthest parts of the earth are in the mind of Jesus Christ. 5.3. Whosoever therefore cometh not to the congregation, he doth thereby show his pride and hath separated himself; for it is written, God resisteth the proud. Let us therefore be careful not to resist the bishop, that by our submission we may give ourselves to God. 7.2. There is one only physician, of flesh and of spirit, generate and ingenerate, God in man, true Life in death, Son of Mary and Son of God, first passible and then impassible, Jesus Christ our Lord. 9.1. But I have learned that certain persons passed through you from yonder, bringing evil doctrine; whom ye suffered not to sow seed in you, for ye stopped your ears, so that ye might not receive the seed sown by them; forasmuch as ye are stones of a temple, which were prepared beforehand for a building of God the Father, being hoisted up to the heights through the engine of Jesus Christ, which is the Cross, and using for a rope the Holy Spirit; while your faith is your windlass, and love is the way that leadeth up to God. 11.2. Let nothing glitter in your eyes apart from Him, in whom I carry about my bonds, my spiritual pearls in which I would fain rise again through your prayer, whereof may it be my lot to be always a partaker, that I may be found in the company of those Christians of Ephesus who moreover were ever of one mind with the Apostles in the power of Jesus Christ. |
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9. Ignatius, To The Magnesians, 2.1-3.2, 4, 8.1, 8.1-10.3, 8.2, 9.1, 9.2, 10.1, 11.1 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
| 10.1. Therefore let us not be insensible to His goodness. For if He should imitate us according to our deeds, we are lost. For this cause, seeing that we are become His disciples, let us learn to live as beseemeth Christianity. For whoso is called by another name besides this, is not of God. |
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10. Ignatius, To The Philadelphians, 5.2, 6.1, 8.1-8.2, 9.2 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
| 5.2. Yea, and we love the prophets also, because they too pointed to the Gospel in their preaching and set their hope on Him and awaited Him; in whom also having faith they were saved in the unity of Jesus Christ, being worthy of all love and admiration as holy men, approved of Jesus Christ and numbered together in the Gospel of our common hope. 6.1. But if any one propound Judaism unto you, here him not: for it is better to hear Christianity from a man who is circumcised than Judaism from one uncircumcised. But if either the one or the other speak not concerning Jesus Christ, I look on them as tombstones and graves of the dead, whereon are inscribed only the names of men. 8.1. I therefore did my own part, as a man composed unto union. But where there is division and anger, there God abideth not. Now the Lord forgiveth all men when they repent, if repenting they return to the unity of God and to the council of the bishop. I have faith in the grace of Jesus Christ, who shall strike off every fetter from you; 8.2. and I entreat you, Do ye nothing in a spirit of factiousness but after the teaching of Christ. For I heard certain persons saying, If I find it not in the charters, I believe it not in the Gospel. And when I said to them, It is written, they answered me That is the question. But as for me, my charter is Jesus Christ, the inviolable charter is His cross and His death and His resurrection, and faith through Him; wherein I desire to be justified through your prayers. 9.2. But the Gospel hath a singular preeminence in the advent of the Saviour, even our Lord Jesus Christ, and His passion and resurrection. For the beloved Prophets in their preaching pointed to Him; but the Gospel is the completion of immortality. All things together are good, if ye believe through love. |
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11. Ignatius, To The Romans, 3.2-3.3, 6.3 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
| 3.2. Only pray that I may have power within and without, so that I may not only say it but also desire it; that I may not only be called a Christian, but also be found one. For if I shall be found so, then can I also be called one, and be faithful then, when I am no more visible to the world. 3.3. Nothing visible is good. For our God Jesus Christ, being in the Father, is the more plainly visible. The Work is not of persuasiveness, but Christianity is a thing of might, whensoever it is hated by the world. 6.3. Permit me to be an imitator of the passion of my God. If any man hath Him within himself, let him understand what I desire, and let him have fellow- feeling with me, for he knoweth the things which straiten me. |
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12. Ignatius, To The Smyrnaeans, 1.2, 8.1 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
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13. Ignatius, To The Trallians, 6.1, 7.2 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
| 6.1. I exhort you therefore -- yet not I, but the love of Jesus Christ -- take ye only Christian food, and abstain from strange herbage, which is heresy: 7.2. He that is within the sanctuary is clean; but he that is without the sanctuary is not clean, that is, he that doeth aught without the bishop and presbytery and deacons, this man is not clean in his conscience. |
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14. Josephus Flavius, Jewish War, 2.454, 2.463 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
| 2.454. And thus were all these men barbarously murdered, excepting Metilius; for when he entreated for mercy, and promised that he would turn Jew, and be circumcised, they saved him alive, but none else. This loss to the Romans was but light, there being no more than a few slain out of an immense army; but still it appeared to be a prelude to the Jews’ own destruction 2.463. o the daytime was spent in shedding of blood, and the night in fear,—which was of the two the more terrible; for when the Syrians thought they had ruined the Jews, they had the Judaizers in suspicion also; and as each side did not care to slay those whom they only suspected on the other, so did they greatly fear them when they were mingled with the other, as if they were certainly foreigners. |
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15. New Testament, 1 John, 2.2 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
| 2.2. And he is the atoning sacrifice for our sins, and not for ours only, but also for the whole world. |
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16. New Testament, 1 Peter, 1.1, 4.16 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
| 1.1. Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, to the chosen ones who are living as strangers in the Dispersion in Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia 4.16. But if one of you suffers for being a Christian, let him not be ashamed; but let him glorify God in this matter. |
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17. New Testament, 1 Corinthians, 1.29 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
| 1.29. that noflesh should boast before God. |
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18. New Testament, 1 Thessalonians, 1.7-1.8 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
| 1.7. so that you became an example to all who believe in Macedonia and in Achaia. 1.8. For from you has sounded forth the word of the Lord, not only in Macedonia and Achaia, but also in every place your faith toward God has gone forth; so that we need not to say anything. |
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19. New Testament, 1 Timothy, 1.4, 2.6, 4.7 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
| 1.4. neither to pay attention to myths and endless genealogies, which cause disputes, rather than God's stewardship, which is in faith -- 2.6. who gave himself as a ransom for all; the testimony in its own times; 4.7. But refuse profane and old wives' fables. Exercise yourself toward godliness. |
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20. New Testament, 2 Corinthians, 1.1, 2.13, 5.14 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
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21. New Testament, 2 Timothy, 1.15, 4.4 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
| 1.15. This you know, that all who are in Asia turned away from me; of whom are Phygelus and Hermogenes. 4.4. and will turn away their ears from the truth, and turn aside to fables. |
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22. New Testament, Acts, 11.26, 13.4, 14.16, 15.1-15.5, 17.30-17.31, 18.12-18.15, 19.10, 19.27, 23.34, 26.28 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
| 11.26. When he had found him, he brought him to Antioch. It happened, that even for a whole year they were gathered together with the assembly, and taught many people. The disciples were first called Christians in Antioch. 13.4. So, being sent out by the Holy Spirit, they went down to Seleucia. From there they sailed to Cyprus. 14.16. who in the generations gone by allowed all the nations to walk in their own ways. 15.1. Some men came down from Judea and taught the brothers, "Unless you are circumcised after the custom of Moses, you can't be saved. 15.2. Therefore when Paul and Barnabas had no small discord and discussion with them, they appointed Paul and Barnabas, and some others of them, to go up to Jerusalem to the apostles and elders about this question. 15.3. They, being sent on their way by the assembly, passed through both Phoenicia and Samaria, declaring the conversion of the Gentiles. They caused great joy to all the brothers. 15.4. When they had come to Jerusalem, they were received by the assembly and the apostles and the elders, and they reported all things that God had done with them. 15.5. But some of the sect of the Pharisees who believed rose up, saying, "It is necessary to circumcise them, and to charge them to keep the law of Moses. 17.30. The times of ignorance therefore God overlooked. But now he commands that all men everywhere should repent 17.31. because he has appointed a day in which he will judge the world in righteousness by the man whom he has ordained; whereof he has given assurance to all men, in that he has raised him from the dead. 18.12. But when Gallio was proconsul of Achaia, the Jews with one accord rose up against Paul and brought him before the judgment seat 18.13. saying, "This man persuades men to worship God contrary to the law. 18.14. But when Paul was about to open his mouth, Gallio said to the Jews, "If indeed it were a matter of wrong or of wicked crime, Jews, it would be reasonable that I should bear with you; 18.15. but if they are questions about words and names and your own law, look to it yourselves. For I don't want to be a judge of these matters. 19.10. This continued for two years, so that all those who lived in Asia heard the word of the Lord Jesus, both Jews and Greeks. 19.27. Not only is there danger that this our trade come into disrepute, but also that the temple of the great goddess Artemis will be counted as nothing, and her majesty destroyed, whom all Asia and the world worships. 23.34. When the governor had read it, he asked what province he was from. When he understood that he was from Cilicia, he said 26.28. Agrippa said to Paul, "With a little persuasion are you trying to make me a Christian? |
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23. New Testament, Apocalypse, 3.10, 11.10, 13.8 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
| 3.10. Because you kept the word of my patience, I also will keep you from the hour of testing, that which is to come on the whole world, to test those who dwell on the earth. 11.10. Those who dwell on the earth rejoice over them, and they will be glad. They will give gifts to one another, because these two prophets tormented those who dwell on the earth. 13.8. All who dwell on the earth will worship him, everyone whose name has not been written from the foundation of the world in the book of life of the Lamb who has been killed. |
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24. New Testament, Ephesians, 3.5 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
| 3.5. which in other generations was not made known to the sons of men, as it has now been revealed to his holy apostles and prophets in the Spirit; |
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25. New Testament, Galatians, 1.13-1.14, 1.16, 2.11-2.14, 4.22-4.26, 4.31, 5.4 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
| 1.13. For you have heard of my way ofliving in time past in the Jews' religion, how that beyond measure Ipersecuted the assembly of God, and ravaged it. 1.14. I advanced inthe Jews' religion beyond many of my own age among my countrymen, beingmore exceedingly zealous for the traditions of my fathers. 1.16. to reveal his Son in me,that I might preach him among the Gentiles, I didn't immediately conferwith flesh and blood 2.11. But when Peter came to Antioch, I resisted him to the face,because he stood condemned. 2.12. For before some people came fromJames, he ate with the Gentiles. But when they came, he drew back andseparated himself, fearing those who were of the circumcision. 2.13. And the rest of the Jews joined him in his hypocrisy; so that evenBarnabas was carried away with their hypocrisy. 2.14. But when I sawthat they didn't walk uprightly according to the truth of the gospel, Isaid to Peter before them all, "If you, being a Jew, live as theGentiles do, and not as the Jews do, why do you compel the Gentiles tolive as the Jews do? 4.22. For it is written that Abraham had two sons, one by thehandmaid, and one by the free woman. 4.23. However, the son by thehandmaid was born according to the flesh, but the son by the free womanwas born through promise. 4.24. These things contain an allegory, forthese are two covets. One is from Mount Sinai, bearing children tobondage, which is Hagar. 4.25. For this Hagar is Mount Sinai inArabia, and answers to the Jerusalem that exists now, for she is inbondage with her children. 4.26. But the Jerusalem that is above isfree, which is the mother of us all. 4.31. So then, brothers, we are not children of ahandmaid, but of the free woman. 5.4. You are alienated from Christ, you who desire to be justified by thelaw. You have fallen away from grace. |
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26. New Testament, Philippians, 2.10-2.11 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
| 2.10. that at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, of those in heaven, those on earth, and those under the earth 2.11. and that every tongue should confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father. |
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27. New Testament, Romans, 3.9, 3.20, 3.23, 5.12 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
| 3.9. What then? Are we better than they? No, in no way. For we previously charged both Jews and Greeks, that they are all under sin. 3.20. Because by the works of the law, no flesh will be justified in his sight. For through the law comes the knowledge of sin. 3.23. for all have sinned, and fall short of the glory of God; 5.12. Therefore, as sin entered into the world through one man, and death through sin; and so death passed to all men, because all sinned. |
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28. New Testament, Titus, 1.14, 2.11 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
| 1.14. not paying attention to Jewish fables and commandments of men who turn away from the truth. 2.11. For the grace of God has appeared, bringing salvation to all men |
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29. New Testament, John, 17.2 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
| 17.2. even as you gave him authority over all flesh, to give eternal life to all whom you have given him. |
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30. New Testament, Luke, 2.2, 5.27-5.28, 24.47 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
| 2.2. This was the first enrollment made when Quirinius was governor of Syria. 5.27. After these things he went out, and saw a tax collector named Levi sitting at the tax office, and said to him, "Follow me! 5.28. He left everything, and rose up and followed him. 24.47. and that repentance and remission of sins should be preached in his name to all the nations, beginning at Jerusalem. |
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31. New Testament, Mark, 13.10 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
| 13.10. The gospel must first be preached to all the nations. |
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32. New Testament, Matthew, 4.24, 24.14, 24.22, 27.19, 27.24 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
| 4.24. The report about him went out into all Syria. They brought to him all who were sick, afflicted with various diseases and torments, possessed with demons, epileptics, and paralytics; and he healed them. 24.14. This gospel of the kingdom will be preached in the whole world for a testimony to all the nations, and then the end will come. 24.22. Unless those days had been shortened, no flesh would have been saved. But for the elect's sake, those days will be shortened. 27.19. While he was sitting on the judgment seat, his wife sent to him, saying, "Have nothing to do with that righteous man, for I have suffered many things this day in a dream because of him. 27.24. So when Pilate saw that nothing was being gained, but rather that a disturbance was starting, he took water, and washed his hands before the multitude, saying, "I am innocent of the blood of this righteous person. You see to it. |
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33. Plutarch, Cicero, 7.6 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
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34. Anon., Marytrdom of Polycarp, 3.2, 10.1, 12.1-12.2 (2nd cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
| 3.2. 2 So after this all the crowd, wondering at the nobility of the God-loving and God-fearing people of the Christians, cried out: "Away with the Atheists; let Polycarp be searched for. 10.1. 1 But when he persisted again, and said: "Swear by the genius of Caesar," he answered him: "If you vainly suppose that I will swear by the genius of Caesar, as you say, and pretend that you are ignorant who I am, listen plainly: I am a Christian. And if you wish to learn the doctrine of Christianity fix a day and listen. 12.1. 1 And with these and many other words he was filled with courage and joy, and his face was full of grace so that it not only did not fall with trouble at the things said to him, but that the Pro-Consul, on the other hand, was astounded and sent his herald into the midst of the arena to announce three times: "Polycarp has confessed that he is a Christian. 12.2. 2 When this had been said by the herald, all the multitude of heathen and Jews living in Smyrna cried out with uncontrollable wrath and a loud shout: "This is the teacher of Asia, the father of the Christians, the destroyer of our Gods, who teaches many neither to offer sacrifice nor to worship." And when they said this, they cried out and asked Philip the Asiarch to let loose a lion on Polycarp. But he said he could not legally do this, since he had closed the Sports. |
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35. Irenaeus, Refutation of All Heresies, 1.10.1, 3.21.2 (2nd cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE)
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36. Justin, First Apology, 4.5, 12.9 (2nd cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
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37. Justin, Dialogue With Trypho, 63.5, 110.5, 117.3 (2nd cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
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38. Tertullian, To The Heathen, 1.3.2, 1.8.9-1.8.10 (2nd cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE)
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39. Tertullian, To Scapula, 5.1 (2nd cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE)
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40. Tertullian, Against Marcion, 1.1.1, 5.3.1, 5.3.5, 5.4.8 (2nd cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE)
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41. Tertullian, Apology, 2.6, 21.24, 32.1, 50.13 (2nd cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE)
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42. Tertullian, On Idolatry, 13.6 (2nd cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE)
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43. Tertullian, Prescription Against Heretics, 7.11 (2nd cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE)
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44. Origen, Homilies On Leviticus, 5.8 (3rd cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE)
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45. John Malalas, History, 11.10 (6th cent. CE - 6th cent. CE)
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