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Tiresias: The Ancient Mediterranean Religions Source Database



6279
Hebrew Bible, Ecclesiastes, 4.1-4.3


כִּי אִם־יִפֹּלוּ הָאֶחָד יָקִים אֶת־חֲבֵרוֹ וְאִילוֹ הָאֶחָד שֶׁיִּפּוֹל וְאֵין שֵׁנִי לַהֲקִימוֹ׃But I returned and considered all the oppressions that are done under the sun; and behold the tears of such as were oppressed, and they had no comforter; and on the side of their oppressors there was power, but they had no comforter."


וְשַׁבְתִּי אֲנִי וָאֶרְאֶה אֶת־כָּל־הָעֲשֻׁקִים אֲשֶׁר נַעֲשִׂים תַּחַת הַשָּׁמֶשׁ וְהִנֵּה דִּמְעַת הָעֲשֻׁקִים וְאֵין לָהֶם מְנַחֵם וּמִיַּד עֹשְׁקֵיהֶם כֹּחַ וְאֵין לָהֶם מְנַחֵם׃But I returned and considered all the oppressions that are done under the sun; and behold the tears of such as were oppressed, and they had no comforter; and on the side of their oppressors there was power, but they had no comforter."


וְשַׁבֵּחַ אֲנִי אֶת־הַמֵּתִים שֶׁכְּבָר מֵתוּ מִן־הַחַיִּים אֲשֶׁר הֵמָּה חַיִּים עֲדֶנָה׃Wherefore I praised the dead that are already dead more than the living that are yet alive;"


וְטוֹב מִשְּׁנֵיהֶם אֵת אֲשֶׁר־עֲדֶן לֹא הָיָה אֲשֶׁר לֹא־רָאָה אֶת־הַמַּעֲשֶׂה הָרָע אֲשֶׁר נַעֲשָׂה תַּחַת הַשָּׁמֶשׁ׃but better than they both is he that hath not yet been, who hath not seen the evil work that is done under the sun."


Intertexts (texts cited often on the same page as the searched text):

6 results
1. Hebrew Bible, Genesis, 3.19 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE)

3.19. בְּזֵעַת אַפֶּיךָ תֹּאכַל לֶחֶם עַד שׁוּבְךָ אֶל־הָאֲדָמָה כִּי מִמֶּנָּה לֻקָּחְתָּ כִּי־עָפָר אַתָּה וְאֶל־עָפָר תָּשׁוּב׃ 3.19. In the sweat of thy face shalt thou eat bread, till thou return unto the ground; for out of it wast thou taken; for dust thou art, and unto dust shalt thou return.’"
2. Hebrew Bible, Job, 3.3 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE)

3.3. יֹאבַד יוֹם אִוָּלֶד בּוֹ וְהַלַּיְלָה אָמַר הֹרָה גָבֶר׃ 3.3. Let the day perish wherein I was born, And the night wherein it was said: ‘A man-child is brought forth.’"
3. Hebrew Bible, Ecclesiastes, 3.18-3.22, 4.2-4.3, 12.6-12.7 (5th cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE)

3.18. אָמַרְתִּי אֲנִי בְּלִבִּי עַל־דִּבְרַת בְּנֵי הָאָדָם לְבָרָם הָאֱלֹהִים וְלִרְאוֹת שְׁהֶם־בְּהֵמָה הֵמָּה לָהֶם׃ 3.19. כִּי מִקְרֶה בְנֵי־הָאָדָם וּמִקְרֶה הַבְּהֵמָה וּמִקְרֶה אֶחָד לָהֶם כְּמוֹת זֶה כֵּן מוֹת זֶה וְרוּחַ אֶחָד לַכֹּל וּמוֹתַר הָאָדָם מִן־הַבְּהֵמָה אָיִן כִּי הַכֹּל הָבֶל׃ 3.21. מִי יוֹדֵעַ רוּחַ בְּנֵי הָאָדָם הָעֹלָה הִיא לְמָעְלָה וְרוּחַ הַבְּהֵמָה הַיֹּרֶדֶת הִיא לְמַטָּה לָאָרֶץ׃ 3.22. וְרָאִיתִי כִּי אֵין טוֹב מֵאֲשֶׁר יִשְׂמַח הָאָדָם בְּמַעֲשָׂיו כִּי־הוּא חֶלְקוֹ כִּי מִי יְבִיאֶנּוּ לִרְאוֹת בְּמֶה שֶׁיִּהְיֶה אַחֲרָיו׃ 4.2. וְשַׁבֵּחַ אֲנִי אֶת־הַמֵּתִים שֶׁכְּבָר מֵתוּ מִן־הַחַיִּים אֲשֶׁר הֵמָּה חַיִּים עֲדֶנָה׃ 4.3. וְטוֹב מִשְּׁנֵיהֶם אֵת אֲשֶׁר־עֲדֶן לֹא הָיָה אֲשֶׁר לֹא־רָאָה אֶת־הַמַּעֲשֶׂה הָרָע אֲשֶׁר נַעֲשָׂה תַּחַת הַשָּׁמֶשׁ׃ 12.6. עַד אֲשֶׁר לֹא־ירחק [יֵרָתֵק] חֶבֶל הַכֶּסֶף וְתָרֻץ גֻּלַּת הַזָּהָב וְתִשָּׁבֶר כַּד עַל־הַמַּבּוּעַ וְנָרֹץ הַגַּלְגַּל אֶל־הַבּוֹר׃ 12.7. וְיָשֹׁב הֶעָפָר עַל־הָאָרֶץ כְּשֶׁהָיָה וְהָרוּחַ תָּשׁוּב אֶל־הָאֱלֹהִים אֲשֶׁר נְתָנָהּ׃ 3.18. I said in my heart: ‘It is because of the sons of men, that God may sift them, and that they may see that they themselves are but as beasts.’" 3.19. For that which befalleth the sons of men befalleth beasts; even one thing befalleth them; as the one dieth, so dieth the other; yea, they have all one breath; so that man hath no pre-eminence above a beast; for all is vanity." 3.20. All go unto one place; all are of the dust, and all return to dust." 3.21. Who knoweth the spirit of man whether it goeth upward, and the spirit of the beast whether it goeth downward to the earth?" 3.22. Wherefore I perceived that there is nothing better, than that a man should rejoice in his works; for that is his portion; for who shall bring him to see what shall be after him?" 4.2. Wherefore I praised the dead that are already dead more than the living that are yet alive;" 4.3. but better than they both is he that hath not yet been, who hath not seen the evil work that is done under the sun." 12.6. Before the silver cord is snapped asunder, and the golden bowl is shattered, And the pitcher is broken at the fountain, and the wheel falleth shattered, into the pit;" 12.7. And the dust returneth to the earth as it was, and the spirit returneth unto God who gave it."
4. New Testament, Philippians, 1.23 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)

1.23. But I am in a dilemma between the two, having the desire to depart and be with Christ, which is far better.
5. New Testament, Mark, 9.0 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)

6. Tosefta, Megillah, 3.27 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)



Subjects of this text:

subject book bibliographic info
adam/adam,and dust Levison (2009) 21
alexandria Poorthuis and Schwartz (2014) 239
ambrose of milan Poorthuis and Schwartz (2014) 239
animal Levison (2009) 21
asceticism Poorthuis and Schwartz (2014) 239
birth Poorthuis and Schwartz (2014) 239
bishop Poorthuis and Schwartz (2014) 239
christ Poorthuis and Schwartz (2014) 239
christian,conception of the spirit Levison (2009) 21
christology Poorthuis and Schwartz (2014) 239
church Poorthuis and Schwartz (2014) 239
creation,story of Levison (2009) 21
culture,hellenistic Levison (2009) 21
culture,jewish Levison (2009) 21
death Levison (2009) 21; Poorthuis and Schwartz (2014) 239
devil Poorthuis and Schwartz (2014) 239
dust Levison (2009) 21
earth Levison (2009) 21
ecclesiastes,book of,and exile Legaspi (2018) 66
ecclesiastes,book of Legaspi (2018) 66
elihu Levison (2009) 21
enns,peter Legaspi (2018) 66
flood,story of the Levison (2009) 21
god,gift of Levison (2009) 21
grillo (barbour),jennie Legaspi (2018) 66
ground Levison (2009) 21
healing Levison (2009) 21
human/humankind Levison (2009) 21
incarnation Poorthuis and Schwartz (2014) 239
inspiration Levison (2009) 21
jerusalem' Legaspi (2018) 66
jesus Poorthuis and Schwartz (2014) 239
jew/jewish,mysticism,hellenistic-jewish Levison (2009) 21
job Poorthuis and Schwartz (2014) 239
judaism,hellenistic Levison (2009) 21
life,concept of Levison (2009) 21
mortality/immortality Levison (2009) 21
mystery Levison (2009) 21
philo judaeus Levison (2009) 21
pilgrim Poorthuis and Schwartz (2014) 239
poor Poorthuis and Schwartz (2014) 239
preacher,the Levison (2009) 21
prophecy Poorthuis and Schwartz (2014) 239
sons,of adamlmzw Levison (2009) 21
spirit,characterizations as,and the shadow of death Levison (2009) 21
spirit,characterizations as,life principle/ power of life Levison (2009) 21
spirit,characterizations as,superadditum Levison (2009) 21
zeno of verona Poorthuis and Schwartz (2014) 239