Tiresias: The Ancient Mediterranean Religions Source Database

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Epigraphy, Ig Ii2, 2311
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1. Herodotus, Histories, 5.65-5.69 (5th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE) 5.65. The Lacedaemonians would never have taken the Pisistratid stronghold. First of all they had no intention to blockade it, and secondly the Pisistratidae were well furnished with food and drink. The Lacedaemonians would only have besieged the place for a few days and then returned to Sparta. As it was, however, there was a turn of fortune which harmed the one party and helped the other, for the sons of the Pisistratid family were taken as they were being secretly carried out of the country. ,When this happened, all their plans were confounded, and they agreed to depart from Attica within five days on the terms prescribed to them by the Athenians in return for the recovery of their children. ,Afterwards they departed to Sigeum on the Scamander. They had ruled the Athenians for thirty-six years and were in lineage of the house of Pylos and Neleus, born of the same ancestors as the families of Codrus and Melanthus, who had formerly come from foreign parts to be kings of Athens. ,It was for this reason that Hippocrates gave his son the name Pisistratus as a remembrance, calling him after Pisistratus the son of Nestor. ,This is the way, then, that the Athenians got rid of their tyrants. As regards all the noteworthy things which they did or endured after they were freed and before Ionia revolted from Darius and Aristagoras of Miletus came to Athens to ask help of its people, of these I will first give an account. 5.66. Athens, which had been great before, now grew even greater when her tyrants had been removed. The two principal holders of power were Cleisthenes an Alcmaeonid, who was reputed to have bribed the Pythian priestess, and Isagoras son of Tisandrus, a man of a notable house but his lineage I cannot say. His kinsfolk, at any rate, sacrifice to Zeus of Caria. ,These men with their factions fell to contending for power, Cleisthenes was getting the worst of it in this dispute and took the commons into his party. Presently he divided the Athenians into ten tribes instead of four as formerly. He called none after the names of the sons of Ion—Geleon, Aegicores, Argades, and Hoples—but invented for them names taken from other heroes, all native to the country except Aias. Him he added despite the fact that he was a stranger because he was a neighbor and an ally. 5.67. In doing this, to my thinking, this Cleisthenes was imitating his own mother's father, Cleisthenes the tyrant of Sicyon, for Cleisthenes, after going to war with the Argives, made an end of minstrels' contests at Sicyon by reason of the Homeric poems, in which it is the Argives and Argos which are primarily the theme of the songs. Furthermore, he conceived the desire to cast out from the land Adrastus son of Talaus, the hero whose shrine stood then as now in the very marketplace of Sicyon because he was an Argive. ,He went then to Delphi, and asked the oracle if he should cast Adrastus out, but the priestess said in response: “Adrastus is king of Sicyon, and you but a stone thrower.” When the god would not permit him to do as he wished in this matter, he returned home and attempted to devise some plan which might rid him of Adrastus. When he thought he had found one, he sent to Boeotian Thebes saying that he would gladly bring Melanippus son of Astacus into his country, and the Thebans handed him over. ,When Cleisthenes had brought him in, he consecrated a sanctuary for him in the government house itself, where he was established in the greatest possible security. Now the reason why Cleisthenes brought in Melanippus, a thing which I must relate, was that Melanippus was Adrastus' deadliest enemy, for Adrastus had slain his brother Mecisteus and his son-in-law Tydeus. ,Having then designated the precinct for him, Cleisthenes took away all Adrastus' sacrifices and festivals and gave them to Melanippus. The Sicyonians had been accustomed to pay very great honor to Adrastus because the country had once belonged to Polybus, his maternal grandfather, who died without an heir and bequeathed the kingship to him. ,Besides other honors paid to Adrastus by the Sicyonians, they celebrated his lamentable fate with tragic choruses in honor not of Dionysus but of Adrastus. Cleisthenes, however, gave the choruses back to Dionysus and the rest of the worship to Melanippus. 5.68. This, then, is what he did regarding Adrastus, but as for the tribes of the Dorians, he changed their names so that these tribes should not be shared by Sicyonians and Argives. In this especially he made a laughing-stock of the Sicyonians, for he gave the tribes names derived from the words ‘donkey’ and ‘pig’ changing only the endings. The name of his own tribe, however, he did not change in this way, but rather gave it a name indicating his own rule, calling it Archelaoi, rulers of the people. The rest were Swinites, Assites and Porkites. ,These were the names of the tribes which the Sicyonians used under Cleisthenes' rule and for sixty years more after his death. Afterwards, however, they took counsel together and both changed the names of three to Hylleis, Pamphyli, and Dymanatae, and added a fourth which they called Aegialeis after Aegialeus son of Adrastus. 5.69. This is what the Sicyonian Cleisthenes had done, and the Athenian Cleisthenes, following the lead of his grandfather and namesake, decided out of contempt, I imagine, for the Ionians, that his tribes should not be the same as theirs. ,When he had drawn into his own party the Athenian people, which was then debarred from all rights, he gave the tribes new names and increased their number, making ten tribe-wardens in place of four, and assigning ten districts to each tribe. When he had won over the people, he was stronger by far than the rival faction.
2. Lysias, Orations, 7.6-7.7 (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE)
3. Aristotle, Athenian Constitution, 47.4-47.5, 50.1, 58.1, 60.1-60.3 (4th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE)
4. Lycurgus, Against Leocrates, 143, 147, 1 (4th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE)
5. Epigraphy, Ig I , 1386
6. Epigraphy, Ig I , 1386
7. Epigraphy, Seg, 53.192

Subjects of this text:

subject	book bibliographic info
acropolis, panathenaic amphorae from	Papazarkadas, Sacred and Public Land in Ancient Athens (2011) 272
aglauros	Humphreys, Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis (2018) 561
agriculture	Papazarkadas, Sacred and Public Land in Ancient Athens (2011) 272
apobatai	Humphreys, Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis (2018) 560
apollo, lykeios	Papazarkadas, Sacred and Public Land in Ancient Athens (2011) 54
athena pallenis, athena, treasurers of the sacred monies of	Papazarkadas, Sacred and Public Land in Ancient Athens (2011) 272
athena pallenis, league of	Papazarkadas, Sacred and Public Land in Ancient Athens (2011) 54
basileus, and eleusinian cults	Papazarkadas, Sacred and Public Land in Ancient Athens (2011) 54
basileus, lessor of temene	Papazarkadas, Sacred and Public Land in Ancient Athens (2011) 54
basileus, paredroi of	Papazarkadas, Sacred and Public Land in Ancient Athens (2011) 54
boule	Papazarkadas, Sacred and Public Land in Ancient Athens (2011) 54
bouzygai/es	Humphreys, Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis (2018) 561
burial, calendar	Humphreys, Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis (2018) 560
colony, greek	Humphreys, Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis (2018) 561
cyrenaica	Papazarkadas, Sacred and Public Land in Ancient Athens (2011) 272
demeter and kore	Papazarkadas, Sacred and Public Land in Ancient Athens (2011) 54
dionysia, city	Humphreys, Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis (2018) 561
dithyramb	Humphreys, Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis (2018) 561
dolichos (hero?)	Papazarkadas, Sacred and Public Land in Ancient Athens (2011) 272
epistatai, mysteries	Papazarkadas, Sacred and Public Land in Ancient Athens (2011) 54
epistatai	Papazarkadas, Sacred and Public Land in Ancient Athens (2011) 54
euandria	Humphreys, Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis (2018) 560
festivals, prizes for victorious competitors	Papazarkadas, Sacred and Public Land in Ancient Athens (2011) 269
festivals, public	Papazarkadas, Sacred and Public Land in Ancient Athens (2011) 268
first-fruits (ἀπαρχή), of apollo pythios	Papazarkadas, Sacred and Public Land in Ancient Athens (2011) 54
gymnasion	Humphreys, Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis (2018) 560
homosexuality	Humphreys, Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis (2018) 560
imperialism (athenian)	Papazarkadas, Sacred and Public Land in Ancient Athens (2011) 269
knidos, naval battle	Papazarkadas, Sacred and Public Land in Ancient Athens (2011) 269
konon	Papazarkadas, Sacred and Public Land in Ancient Athens (2011) 269
law, banning export of olive-oil	Papazarkadas, Sacred and Public Land in Ancient Athens (2011) 272
law, on moriai	Papazarkadas, Sacred and Public Land in Ancient Athens (2011) 269
moriai	Papazarkadas, Sacred and Public Land in Ancient Athens (2011) 268, 269, 272
oath	Humphreys, Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis (2018) 561
oinoe, ὀργάς	Papazarkadas, Sacred and Public Land in Ancient Athens (2011) 54
panathenaia	Humphreys, Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis (2018) 560, 561
panathenaia (great)	Papazarkadas, Sacred and Public Land in Ancient Athens (2011) 268, 269
panathenaic amphorae, capacity of	Papazarkadas, Sacred and Public Land in Ancient Athens (2011) 272
panathenaic amphorae, number of	Papazarkadas, Sacred and Public Land in Ancient Athens (2011) 269
panathenaic amphorae	Papazarkadas, Sacred and Public Land in Ancient Athens (2011) 269, 272
pandia	Humphreys, Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis (2018) 560
peloponnesian war, effects	Papazarkadas, Sacred and Public Land in Ancient Athens (2011) 268
ploughing, ritual	Humphreys, Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis (2018) 561
poletai, headquarters (poleterion)	Papazarkadas, Sacred and Public Land in Ancient Athens (2011) 54
poletai	Papazarkadas, Sacred and Public Land in Ancient Athens (2011) 54
prytaneion/is	Humphreys, Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis (2018) 561
purchases, of panathenaic oil	Papazarkadas, Sacred and Public Land in Ancient Athens (2011) 272
pyrrhichistai	Humphreys, Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis (2018) 560
sacred orgas (ἱερὰ ὀργάς)	Papazarkadas, Sacred and Public Land in Ancient Athens (2011) 54
script, as dating criterion	Papazarkadas, Sacred and Public Land in Ancient Athens (2011) 268
sparta, and athens, institutions	Humphreys, Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis (2018) 561
sparta, wins the peloponnesian war	Papazarkadas, Sacred and Public Land in Ancient Athens (2011) 269
synoikia	Humphreys, Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis (2018) 560
thirty tyrants	Papazarkadas, Sacred and Public Land in Ancient Athens (2011) 268
torch-race	Humphreys, Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis (2018) 560, 561
treasurers	Humphreys, Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis (2018) 561
tribes, pre-kleisthenic'	Humphreys, Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis (2018) 560
tribes, pre-kleisthenic	Humphreys, Kinship in Ancient Athens: An Anthropological Analysis (2018) 561
war, destruction of cultivable land	Papazarkadas, Sacred and Public Land in Ancient Athens (2011) 268, 269