Tiresias: The Ancient Mediterranean Religions Source Database

2784

Dead Sea Scrolls, Damascus Covenant, 10.17
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31 results
1. Hebrew Bible, Deuteronomy, 5.12-5.13, 15.2, 17.8, 17.13, 23.24, 24.1, 32.47 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE) 5.12. שָׁמוֹר אֶת־יוֹם הַשַׁבָּת לְקַדְּשׁוֹ כַּאֲשֶׁר צִוְּךָ יְהוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ 5.13. שֵׁשֶׁת יָמִים תַּעֲבֹד וְעָשִׂיתָ כָּל־מְלַאכְתֶּךָ׃ 15.2. לִפְנֵי יְהוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ תֹאכֲלֶנּוּ שָׁנָה בְשָׁנָה בַּמָּקוֹם אֲשֶׁר־יִבְחַר יְהוָה אַתָּה וּבֵיתֶךָ׃ 15.2. וְזֶה דְּבַר הַשְּׁמִטָּה שָׁמוֹט כָּל־בַּעַל מַשֵּׁה יָדוֹ אֲשֶׁר יַשֶּׁה בְּרֵעֵהוּ לֹא־יִגֹּשׂ אֶת־רֵעֵהוּ וְאֶת־אָחִיו כִּי־קָרָא שְׁמִטָּה לַיהוָה׃ 17.8. כִּי יִפָּלֵא מִמְּךָ דָבָר לַמִּשְׁפָּט בֵּין־דָּם לְדָם בֵּין־דִּין לְדִין וּבֵין נֶגַע לָנֶגַע דִּבְרֵי רִיבֹת בִּשְׁעָרֶיךָ וְקַמְתָּ וְעָלִיתָ אֶל־הַמָּקוֹם אֲשֶׁר יִבְחַר יְהוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ בּוֹ׃ 17.13. וְכָל־הָעָם יִשְׁמְעוּ וְיִרָאוּ וְלֹא יְזִידוּן עוֹד׃ 23.24. מוֹצָא שְׂפָתֶיךָ תִּשְׁמֹר וְעָשִׂיתָ כַּאֲשֶׁר נָדַרְתָּ לַיהוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ נְדָבָה אֲשֶׁר דִּבַּרְתָּ בְּפִיךָ׃ 24.1. כִּי־תַשֶּׁה בְרֵעֲךָ מַשַּׁאת מְאוּמָה לֹא־תָבֹא אֶל־בֵּיתוֹ לַעֲבֹט עֲבֹטוֹ׃ 24.1. כִּי־יִקַּח אִישׁ אִשָּׁה וּבְעָלָהּ וְהָיָה אִם־לֹא תִמְצָא־חֵן בְּעֵינָיו כִּי־מָצָא בָהּ עֶרְוַת דָּבָר וְכָתַב לָהּ סֵפֶר כְּרִיתֻת וְנָתַן בְּיָדָהּ וְשִׁלְּחָהּ מִבֵּיתוֹ׃ 32.47. כִּי לֹא־דָבָר רֵק הוּא מִכֶּם כִּי־הוּא חַיֵּיכֶם וּבַדָּבָר הַזֶּה תַּאֲרִיכוּ יָמִים עַל־הָאֲדָמָה אֲשֶׁר אַתֶּם עֹבְרִים אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּן שָׁמָּה לְרִשְׁתָּהּ׃ 5.12. Observe the sabbath day, to keep it holy, as the LORD thy God commanded thee." 5.13. Six days shalt thou labour, and do all thy work;" 15.2. And this is the manner of the release: every creditor shall release that which he hath lent unto his neighbour; he shall not exact it of his neighbour and his brother; because the LORD’S release hath been proclaimed." 17.8. If there arise a matter too hard for thee in judgment, between blood and blood, between plea and plea, and between stroke and stroke, even matters of controversy within thy gates; then shalt thou arise, and get thee up unto the place which the LORD thy God shall choose." 17.13. And all the people shall hear, and fear, and do no more presumptuously." 23.24. That which is gone out of thy lips thou shalt observe and do; according as thou hast vowed freely unto the LORD thy God, even that which thou hast promised with thy mouth." 24.1. When a man taketh a wife, and marrieth her, then it cometh to pass, if she find no favour in his eyes, because he hath found some unseemly thing in her, that he writeth her a bill of divorcement, and giveth it in her hand, and sendeth her out of his house," 32.47. For it is no vain thing for you; because it is your life, and through this thing ye shall prolong your days upon the land, whither ye go over the Jordan to possess it.’"
2. Hebrew Bible, Exodus, 16.29, 20.9, 22.24 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE) 16.29. רְאוּ כִּי־יְהוָה נָתַן לָכֶם הַשַּׁבָּת עַל־כֵּן הוּא נֹתֵן לָכֶם בַּיּוֹם הַשִּׁשִּׁי לֶחֶם יוֹמָיִם שְׁבוּ אִישׁ תַּחְתָּיו אַל־יֵצֵא אִישׁ מִמְּקֹמוֹ בַּיּוֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִי׃ 20.9. שֵׁשֶׁת יָמִים תַּעֲבֹד וְעָשִׂיתָ כָּל־מְלַאכְתֶּךָ 22.24. אִם־כֶּסֶף תַּלְוֶה אֶת־עַמִּי אֶת־הֶעָנִי עִמָּךְ לֹא־תִהְיֶה לוֹ כְּנֹשֶׁה לֹא־תְשִׂימוּן עָלָיו נֶשֶׁךְ׃ 16.29. See that the LORD hath given you the sabbath; therefore He giveth you on the sixth day the bread of two days; abide ye every man in his place, let no man go out of his place on the seventh day.’" 20.9. Six days shalt thou labour, and do all thy work;" 22.24. If thou lend money to any of My people, even to the poor with thee, thou shalt not be to him as a creditor; neither shall ye lay upon him interest."
3. Hebrew Bible, Hosea, 4 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE)
4. Hebrew Bible, Leviticus, 23, 3, 2 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE)
5. Hebrew Bible, Numbers, 30.9 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE) 30.9. וְאִם בְּיוֹם שְׁמֹעַ אִישָׁהּ יָנִיא אוֹתָהּ וְהֵפֵר אֶת־נִדְרָהּ אֲשֶׁר עָלֶיהָ וְאֵת מִבְטָא שְׂפָתֶיהָ אֲשֶׁר אָסְרָה עַל־נַפְשָׁהּ וַיהוָה יִסְלַח־לָהּ׃ 30.9. But if her husband disallow her in the day that he heareth it, then he shall make void her vow which is upon her, and the clear utterance of her lips, wherewith she hath bound her soul; and the LORD will forgive her."
6. Hebrew Bible, Proverbs, 15.27, 19.21, 28.16 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE) 15.27. עֹכֵר בֵּיתוֹ בּוֹצֵעַ בָּצַע וְשׂוֹנֵא מַתָּנֹת יִחְיֶה׃ 19.21. רַבּוֹת מַחֲשָׁבוֹת בְּלֶב־אִישׁ וַעֲצַת יְהוָה הִיא תָקוּם׃ 28.16. נָגִיד חֲסַר תְּבוּנוֹת וְרַב מַעֲשַׁקּוֹת שנאי [שֹׂנֵא] בֶצַע יַאֲרִיךְ יָמִים׃ 15.27. He that is greedy of gain troubleth his own house; But he that hateth gifts shall live." 19.21. There are many devices in a man’s heart; But the counsel of the LORD, that shall stand." 28.16. The prince that lacketh understanding is also a great oppressor; But he that hateth covetousness shall prolong his days."
7. Hebrew Bible, Psalms, 2-4, 8-9, 1 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE)
8. Hebrew Bible, 1 Kings, 17.1, 20.33 (8th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE) 17.1. וַיֹּאמֶר אֵלִיָּהוּ הַתִּשְׁבִּי מִתֹּשָׁבֵי גִלְעָד אֶל־אַחְאָב חַי־יְהוָה אֱלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל אֲשֶׁר עָמַדְתִּי לְפָנָיו אִם־יִהְיֶה הַשָּׁנִים הָאֵלֶּה טַל וּמָטָר כִּי אִם־לְפִי דְבָרִי׃ 17.1. וַיָּקָם וַיֵּלֶךְ צָרְפַתָה וַיָּבֹא אֶל־פֶּתַח הָעִיר וְהִנֵּה־שָׁם אִשָּׁה אַלְמָנָה מְקֹשֶׁשֶׁת עֵצִים וַיִּקְרָא אֵלֶיהָ וַיֹּאמַר קְחִי־נָא לִי מְעַט־מַיִם בַּכְּלִי וְאֶשְׁתֶּה׃ 20.33. וְהָאֲנָשִׁים יְנַחֲשׁוּ וַיְמַהֲרוּ וַיַּחְלְטוּ הֲמִמֶּנּוּ וַיֹּאמְרוּ אָחִיךָ בֶן־הֲדַד וַיֹּאמֶר בֹּאוּ קָחֻהוּ וַיֵּצֵא אֵלָיו בֶּן־הֲדַד וַיַּעֲלֵהוּ עַל־הַמֶּרְכָּבָה׃ 17.1. And Elijah the Tishbite, who was of the settlers of Gilead, said unto Ahab: ‘As the LORD, the God of Israel, liveth, before whom I stand, there shall not be dew nor rain these years, but according to my word.’" 20.33. Now the men took it for a sign, and hastened to catch it from him; and they said: ‘Thy brother Ben-hadad.’ Then he said: ‘Go ye, bring him.’ Then Ben-hadad came forth to him; and he caused him to come up into his chariot."
9. Hebrew Bible, 2 Samuel, 14.13 (8th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE) 14.13. וַתֹּאמֶר הָאִשָּׁה וְלָמָּה חָשַׁבְתָּה כָּזֹאת עַל־עַם אֱלֹהִים וּמִדַּבֵּר הַמֶּלֶךְ הַדָּבָר הַזֶּה כְּאָשֵׁם לְבִלְתִּי הָשִׁיב הַמֶּלֶךְ אֶת־נִדְּחוֹ׃ 14.13. And the woman said, Why then hast thou continued such a thing against the people of God? the king speaks this thing as one that is guilty, in that the king does not fetch home again his banished one:"
10. Hebrew Bible, Amos, 8.5 (8th cent. BCE - 6th cent. BCE) 8.5. לֵאמֹר מָתַי יַעֲבֹר הַחֹדֶשׁ וְנַשְׁבִּירָה שֶּׁבֶר וְהַשַּׁבָּת וְנִפְתְּחָה־בָּר לְהַקְטִין אֵיפָה וּלְהַגְדִּיל שֶׁקֶל וּלְעַוֵּת מֹאזְנֵי מִרְמָה׃ 8.5. Saying: ‘When will the new moon be gone, that we may sell grain? And the sabbath, that we may set forth corn? Making the ephah small, and the shekel great, And falsifying the balances of deceit;"
11. Hebrew Bible, Habakkuk, 2.9 (8th cent. BCE - 6th cent. BCE) 2.9. הוֹי בֹּצֵעַ בֶּצַע רָע לְבֵיתוֹ לָשׂוּם בַּמָּרוֹם קִנּוֹ לְהִנָּצֵל מִכַּף־רָע׃ 2.9. Woe to him that gaineth evil gains for his house, That he may set his nest on high, That he may be delivered from the power of evil!"
12. Hebrew Bible, Isaiah, 58.13-58.14 (8th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE) 58.13. אִם־תָּשִׁיב מִשַּׁבָּת רַגְלֶךָ עֲשׂוֹת חֲפָצֶיךָ בְּיוֹם קָדְשִׁי וְקָרָאתָ לַשַּׁבָּת עֹנֶג לִקְדוֹשׁ יְהוָה מְכֻבָּד וְכִבַּדְתּוֹ מֵעֲשׂוֹת דְּרָכֶיךָ מִמְּצוֹא חֶפְצְךָ וְדַבֵּר דָּבָר׃ 58.14. אָז תִּתְעַנַּג עַל־יְהוָה וְהִרְכַּבְתִּיךָ עַל־בָּמֳותֵי אָרֶץ וְהַאֲכַלְתִּיךָ נַחֲלַת יַעֲקֹב אָבִיךָ כִּי פִּי יְהוָה דִּבֵּר׃ 58.13. If thou turn away thy foot because of the sabbath, From pursuing thy business on My holy day; And call the sabbath a delight, And the holy of the LORD honourable; And shalt honour it, not doing thy wonted ways, Nor pursuing thy business, nor speaking thereof;" 58.14. Then shalt thou delight thyself in the LORD, And I will make thee to ride upon the high places of the earth, And I will feed thee with the heritage of Jacob thy father; For the mouth of the LORD hath spoken it."
13. Hebrew Bible, Jeremiah, 6.13, 17.21-17.22, 17.24 (8th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE) 6.13. כִּי מִקְּטַנָּם וְעַד־גְּדוֹלָם כֻּלּוֹ בּוֹצֵעַ בָּצַע וּמִנָּבִיא וְעַד־כֹּהֵן כֻּלּוֹ עֹשֶׂה שָּׁקֶר׃ 17.21. כֹּה אָמַר יְהוָה הִשָּׁמְרוּ בְּנַפְשׁוֹתֵיכֶם וְאַל־תִּשְׂאוּ מַשָּׂא בְּיוֹם הַשַּׁבָּת וַהֲבֵאתֶם בְּשַׁעֲרֵי יְרוּשָׁלִָם׃ 17.22. וְלֹא־תוֹצִיאוּ מַשָּׂא מִבָּתֵּיכֶם בְּיוֹם הַשַּׁבָּת וְכָל־מְלָאכָה לֹא תַעֲשׂוּ וְקִדַּשְׁתֶּם אֶת־יוֹם הַשַּׁבָּת כַּאֲשֶׁר צִוִּיתִי אֶת־אֲבוֹתֵיכֶם׃ 17.24. וְהָיָה אִם־שָׁמֹעַ תִּשְׁמְעוּן אֵלַי נְאֻם־יְהוָה לְבִלְתִּי הָבִיא מַשָּׂא בְּשַׁעֲרֵי הָעִיר הַזֹּאת בְּיוֹם הַשַּׁבָּת וּלְקַדֵּשׁ אֶת־יוֹם הַשַּׁבָּת לְבִלְתִּי עֲשׂוֹת־בה [בּוֹ] כָּל־מְלָאכָה׃ 6.13. For from the least of them even unto the greatest of them Every one is greedy for gain; And from the prophet even unto the priest Every one dealeth falsely." 17.21. thus saith the LORD: Take heed for the sake of your souls, and bear no burden on the sabbath day, nor bring it in by the gates of Jerusalem;" 17.22. neither carry forth a burden out of your houses on the sabbath day, neither do ye any work; but hallow ye the sabbath day, as I commanded your fathers;" 17.24. And it shall come to pass, if ye diligently hearken unto Me, saith the LORD, to bring in no burden through the gates of this city on the sabbath day, but to hallow the sabbath day, to do no work therein;"
14. Hebrew Bible, 2 Chronicles, 6, 2 (5th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE)
15. Hebrew Bible, Nehemiah, 10.32, 13.15-13.22 (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE) 10.32. וְעַמֵּי הָאָרֶץ הַמְבִיאִים אֶת־הַמַּקָּחוֹת וְכָל־שֶׁבֶר בְּיוֹם הַשַּׁבָּת לִמְכּוֹר לֹא־נִקַּח מֵהֶם בַּשַּׁבָּת וּבְיוֹם קֹדֶשׁ וְנִטֹּשׁ אֶת־הַשָּׁנָה הַשְּׁבִיעִית וּמַשָּׁא כָל־יָד׃ 13.15. בַּיָּמִים הָהֵמָּה רָאִיתִי בִיהוּדָה דֹּרְכִים־גִּתּוֹת בַּשַּׁבָּת וּמְבִיאִים הָעֲרֵמוֹת וְעֹמְסִים עַל־הַחֲמֹרִים וְאַף־יַיִן עֲנָבִים וּתְאֵנִים וְכָל־מַשָּׂא וּמְבִיאִים יְרוּשָׁלִַם בְּיוֹם הַשַּׁבָּת וָאָעִיד בְּיוֹם מִכְרָם צָיִד׃ 13.16. וְהַצֹּרִים יָשְׁבוּ בָהּ מְבִיאִים דָּאג וְכָל־מֶכֶר וּמֹכְרִים בַּשַּׁבָּת לִבְנֵי יְהוּדָה וּבִירוּשָׁלִָם׃ 13.17. וָאָרִיבָה אֵת חֹרֵי יְהוּדָה וָאֹמְרָה לָהֶם מָה־הַדָּבָר הָרָע הַזֶּה אֲשֶׁר אַתֶּם עֹשִׂים וּמְחַלְּלִים אֶת־יוֹם הַשַּׁבָּת׃ 13.18. הֲלוֹא כֹה עָשׂוּ אֲבֹתֵיכֶם וַיָּבֵא אֱלֹהֵינוּ עָלֵינוּ אֵת כָּל־הָרָעָה הַזֹּאת וְעַל הָעִיר הַזֹּאת וְאַתֶּם מוֹסִיפִים חָרוֹן עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵל לְחַלֵּל אֶת־הַשַּׁבָּת׃ 13.19. וַיְהִי כַּאֲשֶׁר צָלֲלוּ שַׁעֲרֵי יְרוּשָׁלִַם לִפְנֵי הַשַּׁבָּת וָאֹמְרָה וַיִּסָּגְרוּ הַדְּלָתוֹת וָאֹמְרָה אֲשֶׁר לֹא יִפְתָּחוּם עַד אַחַר הַשַּׁבָּת וּמִנְּעָרַי הֶעֱמַדְתִּי עַל־הַשְּׁעָרִים לֹא־יָבוֹא מַשָּׂא בְּיוֹם הַשַּׁבָּת׃ 13.21. וָאָעִידָה בָהֶם וָאֹמְרָה אֲלֵיהֶם מַדּוּעַ אַתֶּם לֵנִים נֶגֶד הַחוֹמָה אִם־תִּשְׁנוּ יָד אֶשְׁלַח בָּכֶם מִן־הָעֵת הַהִיא לֹא־בָאוּ בַּשַּׁבָּת׃ 13.22. וָאֹמְרָה לַלְוִיִּם אֲשֶׁר יִהְיוּ מִטַּהֲרִים וּבָאִים שֹׁמְרִים הַשְּׁעָרִים לְקַדֵּשׁ אֶת־יוֹם הַשַּׁבָּת גַּם־זֹאת זָכְרָה־לִּי אֱלֹהַי וְחוּסָה עָלַי כְּרֹב חַסְדֶּךָ׃ 10.32. and if the peoples of the land bring ware or any victuals on the sabbath day to sell, that we would not buy of them on the sabbath, or on a holy day; and that we would forego the seventh year, and the exaction of every debt." 13.15. In those days saw I in Judah some treading winepresses on the sabbath, and bringing in heaps of corn, and lading asses therewith; as also wine, grapes, and figs, and all manner of burdens, which they brought into Jerusalem on the sabbath day; and I forewarned them in the day wherein they sold victuals." 13.16. There dwelt men of Tyre also therein, who brought in fish, and all manner of ware, and sold on the sabbath unto the children of Judah, and in Jerusalem." 13.17. Then I contended with the nobles of Judah, and said unto them: ‘What evil thing is this that ye do, and profane the sabbath day?" 13.18. Did not your fathers thus, and did not our God bring all this evil upon us, and upon this city? yet ye bring more wrath upon Israel by profaning the sabbath.’" 13.19. And it came to pass that, when the gates of Jerusalem began to be dark before the sabbath, I commanded that the doors should be shut, and commanded that they should not be opened till after the sabbath; and some of my servants set I over the gates, that there should no burden be brought in on the sabbath day." 13.20. So the merchants and sellers of all kind of ware lodged without Jerusalem once or twice." 13.21. Then I forewarned them, and said unto them: ‘Why lodge ye about the wall? if ye do so again, I will lay hands on you.’ From that time forth came they no more on the sabbath." 13.22. And I commanded the Levites that they should purify themselves, and that they should come and keep the gates, to sanctify the sabbath day. Remember unto me, O my God, this also, and spare me according to the greatness of Thy mercy."
16. Hebrew Bible, Zechariah, 7-8, 1 (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE)
17. Anon., Jubilees, 2.29-2.30, 50.6-50.13 (2nd cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE) 2.29. these two great classes--He hath hidden us to keep the Sabbath with Him in heaven and on earth. 2.30. And He said unto us: "Behold, I will separate unto Myself a people from among all the peoples, and these will keep the Sabbath day 50.6. and there are yet forty years to come (lit. "distant for learning the commandments of the Lord, until they pass over into the land of Canaan, crossing the Jordan to the west. 50.7. And the jubilees will pass by, until Israel is cleansed from all guilt of fornication, and uncleanness, and pollution, and sin, and error, and dwelleth with confidence in all the land, and there will be no more a Satan or any evil one, and the land will be clean from that time for evermore. 50.8. And behold the commandment regarding the Sabbaths--I have written (them) down for thee and all the judgments of its laws. brSix days wilt thou labour, but on the seventh day is the Sabbath of the Lord your God. 50.9. In it ye shall do no manner of work, ye and your sons, and your men-servants and your maid-servants, and all your cattle and the sojourner also who is with you. brAnd the man that doeth any work on it shall die: 50.10. whoever desecrateth that day, whoever lieth with (his) wife or whoever saith he will do something on it, that he will set out on a journey thereon in regard to any buying or selling: and whoever draweth water thereon which he had not prepared for himself on the sixth day, and whoever taketh up any burden to carry it out of his tent or out of his house shall die. 50.11. Ye shall do no work whatever on the Sabbath day save that ye have prepared for yourselves on the sixth day, so as to eat, and drink, and rest, and keep Sabbath from all work on that day, and to bless the Lord your God, who has given you a day of festival 50.12. and a holy day: and a day of the holy kingdom for all Israel is this day among their days for ever. 50.13. For great is the honour which the Lord hath given to Israel that they should eat and drink and be satisfied on this festival day, and rest thereon from all labour which belongeth to the labour of the children of men, save burning frankincense and bringing oblations and sacrifices before the Lord for days and for Sabbaths.
18. Dead Sea Scrolls, Damascus Covenant, 9.8-9.10, 10.14-10.16, 10.18-10.22, 11.2, 11.5, 11.9, 11.11, 11.14-11.15, 11.17-11.18, 12.6-12.8, 16.3-16.4, 16.6-16.12 (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE)
19. Dead Sea Scrolls, War Scroll, 7.4 (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE)
20. Dead Sea Scrolls, (Cairo Damascus Covenant) Cd-A, 9.8-9.10, 10.14-10.19, 10.21, 11.17-11.18, 12.6-12.8, 16.6-16.12 (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE)
21. Dead Sea Scrolls, Community Rule, 5.14, 5.25, 6.2, 7.9 (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE)
22. Dead Sea Scrolls, Miscellaneous Rules, 6.2 (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE)
23. Dead Sea Scrolls, Songs of The Sabbath Sacrificee, 0 (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE)
24. Dead Sea Scrolls, Songs of The Sabbath Sacrificef, 0 (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE)
25. Dead Sea Scrolls, Temple Scroll, 50.6 (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE)
26. Philo of Alexandria, On The Migration of Abraham, 91 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE) 91. For although the seventh day is a lesson to teach us the power which exists in the uncreated God, and also that the creature is entitled to rest from his labours, it does not follow that on that account we may abrogate the laws which are established respecting it, so as to light a fire, or till land, or carry burdens, or bring accusations, or conduct suits at law, or demand a restoration of a deposit, or exact the repayment of a debt, or do any other of the things which are usually permitted at times which are not days of festival.
27. Josephus Flavius, Jewish Antiquities, 4.209-4.211 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) 4.209. 12. When the multitude are assembled together unto the holy city for sacrificing every seventh year, at the feast of tabernacles, let the high priest stand upon a high desk, whence he may be heard, and let him read the laws to all the people; and let neither the women nor the children be hindered from hearing, no, nor the servants neither; 4.211. that so there may always be within their minds that intention of the laws which they have despised and broken, and have thereby been the causes of their own mischief. Let the children also learn the laws, as the first thing they are taught, which will be the best thing they can be taught, and will be the cause of their future felicity.
28. Josephus Flavius, Against Apion, 2.176-2.178 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) 2.176. 19. And indeed, the greatest part of mankind are so far from living according to their own laws, that they hardly know them; but when they have sinned they learn from others that they have transgressed the law. 2.177. Those also who are in the highest and principal posts of the government, confess they are not acquainted with those laws, and are obliged to take such persons for their assessors in public administrations as profess to have skill in those laws; 2.178. but for our people, if any body do but ask any one of them about our laws, he will more readily tell them all than he will tell his own name, and this in consequence of our having learned them immediately as soon as ever we became sensible of any thing, and of our having them, as it were engraven on our souls. Our transgressors of them are but few; and it is impossible, when any do offend, to escape punishment. /p
29. Mishnah, Shabbat, 1.1 (1st cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE) 1.1. The carryings out of Shabbat are two which are four from the inside, and two which are four from the outside. How is this so? The poor man stands outside and the householder stands inside:If the poor man reaches his hand inside and places [something] into the hand of the householder, or if he takes [something] from it and carries it out, the poor man is liable, and the householder is exempt. If the householder reaches his hand outside and places [an object] in the poor man's hand, or takes [something] and carries it in, the master is liable, while the poor man is exempt. If the poor man reaches his hand inside and the master takes [an object] from it, or places [an object] in it and he carries it out, both are exempt; If the householder stretches his hand outside and the poor man takes [an object] from it, or places [an article] in it and he carries it inside, both are exempt."
30. New Testament, Matthew, 5.22 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) 5.22. But I tell you, that everyone who is angry with his brother without a cause shall be in danger of the judgment; and whoever shall say to his brother, 'Raca!' shall be in danger of the council; and whoever shall say, 'You fool!' shall be in danger of the fire of Gehenna.
31. Anon., Apostolic Constitutions, 7.36 (4th cent. CE - 4th cent. CE)

Subjects of this text:

subject	book bibliographic info
apodictic law	Jassen, Scripture and Law in the Dead Sea Scrolls (2014) 75, 81, 88, 187
bar kokhba	Fonrobert and Jaffee, The Cambridge Companion to the Talmud and Rabbinic Literature Cambridge Companions to Religion (2007) 141
baumgarten, joseph, on accurate understanding of history of halakhah	Shemesh, Halakhah in the Making: The Development of Jewish Law from Qumran to the Rabbis (2009) 74
baumgarten, joseph, on tosefet shabbat	Shemesh, Halakhah in the Making: The Development of Jewish Law from Qumran to the Rabbis (2009) 74
biblical referents, in dead dea scrolls	Jassen, Scripture and Law in the Dead Sea Scrolls (2014) 73, 79, 80, 83, 84, 85, 88, 89, 91, 92, 93, 94, 96, 97, 99, 100, 101, 103, 109, 110, 145, 147, 148
biblical referents, in rabbinic literature	Jassen, Scripture and Law in the Dead Sea Scrolls (2014) 110, 126, 129
biblical referents	Jassen, Scripture and Law in the Dead Sea Scrolls (2014) 69, 72
blasphemy	Mathews, Riches, Poverty, and the Faithful: Perspectives on Wealth in the Second Temple Period and the Apocalypse of John (2013) 99
carrying, prohibited on sabbath, biblical referents, in dead dea scrolls	Jassen, Scripture and Law in the Dead Sea Scrolls (2014) 187, 206
carrying, prohibited on sabbath, biblical referents, in rabbinic literature	Jassen, Scripture and Law in the Dead Sea Scrolls (2014) 206
damascus document	Mathews, Riches, Poverty, and the Faithful: Perspectives on Wealth in the Second Temple Period and the Apocalypse of John (2013) 99
de-orayta (laws from the torah), on tosefet shabbat	Shemesh, Halakhah in the Making: The Development of Jewish Law from Qumran to the Rabbis (2009) 74
de-rabbanan (laws decreed by the rabbis), on tosefet shabbat	Shemesh, Halakhah in the Making: The Development of Jewish Law from Qumran to the Rabbis (2009) 74
diversity, canonical and textual, eating and drinking on sabbath	Jassen, Scripture and Law in the Dead Sea Scrolls (2014) 77, 97, 148
faithfulness, covenant	Mathews, Riches, Poverty, and the Faithful: Perspectives on Wealth in the Second Temple Period and the Apocalypse of John (2013) 99
formal structure of law in dead sea scrolls	Jassen, Scripture and Law in the Dead Sea Scrolls (2014) 91, 92, 101, 102, 103, 106, 129, 187
gezera shawah	Jassen, Scripture and Law in the Dead Sea Scrolls (2014) 76
halakhah/halakhot, and aggadah; law and narrative	Fraade, Legal Fictions: Studies of Law and Narrative in the Discursive Worlds of Ancient Jewish Sectarians and Sages (2011) 158, 160
hebdomads	Van der Horst, Studies in Ancient Judaism and Early Christianity (2014) 132
hellenistic synagogal prayers	Van der Horst, Studies in Ancient Judaism and Early Christianity (2014) 132
hermeneutical method, in dead dea scrolls	Jassen, Scripture and Law in the Dead Sea Scrolls (2014) 78, 79, 99, 126, 129
hermeneutical method, in rabbinic literature	Jassen, Scripture and Law in the Dead Sea Scrolls (2014) 110, 126, 129
hermeneutical method, intention in law	Jassen, Scripture and Law in the Dead Sea Scrolls (2014) 106
hermeneutical method, inversion (literary)	Jassen, Scripture and Law in the Dead Sea Scrolls (2014) 84, 96, 101, 102, 103, 109, 110
hermeneutics/hermeneutical—see also, interpretation	Fraade, Legal Fictions: Studies of Law and Narrative in the Discursive Worlds of Ancient Jewish Sectarians and Sages (2011) 158
instruction in the torah	Van der Horst, Studies in Ancient Judaism and Early Christianity (2014) 132
interpretation—see also midrash	Fraade, Legal Fictions: Studies of Law and Narrative in the Discursive Worlds of Ancient Jewish Sectarians and Sages (2011) 158, 160
jerusalem	Fraade, Legal Fictions: Studies of Law and Narrative in the Discursive Worlds of Ancient Jewish Sectarians and Sages (2011) 158
law, biblical/rabbinic—see also, halakhah	Fraade, Legal Fictions: Studies of Law and Narrative in the Discursive Worlds of Ancient Jewish Sectarians and Sages (2011) 158, 160
legal-exegetical method	Jassen, Scripture and Law in the Dead Sea Scrolls (2014) 103
masoretic text	Fraade, Legal Fictions: Studies of Law and Narrative in the Discursive Worlds of Ancient Jewish Sectarians and Sages (2011) 158
midrash/midrashim	Fraade, Legal Fictions: Studies of Law and Narrative in the Discursive Worlds of Ancient Jewish Sectarians and Sages (2011) 158, 160
non-pentateuchal scripture, appeal to, rabbinic rejection of	Jassen, Scripture and Law in the Dead Sea Scrolls (2014) 129
non-pentateuchal scripture, appeal to	Jassen, Scripture and Law in the Dead Sea Scrolls (2014) 129
obedience, to god	Mathews, Riches, Poverty, and the Faithful: Perspectives on Wealth in the Second Temple Period and the Apocalypse of John (2013) 99
paraphrase	Jassen, Scripture and Law in the Dead Sea Scrolls (2014) 79, 84
pentateuchal	Jassen, Scripture and Law in the Dead Sea Scrolls (2014) 129
pesharim	Jassen, Scripture and Law in the Dead Sea Scrolls (2014) 76, 77
pharisees, the	Fraade, Legal Fictions: Studies of Law and Narrative in the Discursive Worlds of Ancient Jewish Sectarians and Sages (2011) 158
physical labor, prohibited on sabbath	Jassen, Scripture and Law in the Dead Sea Scrolls (2014) 74, 83, 84, 95
possessions	Mathews, Riches, Poverty, and the Faithful: Perspectives on Wealth in the Second Temple Period and the Apocalypse of John (2013) 99
prayer	Fraade, Legal Fictions: Studies of Law and Narrative in the Discursive Worlds of Ancient Jewish Sectarians and Sages (2011) 158, 160; Jassen, Scripture and Law in the Dead Sea Scrolls (2014) 90, 97, 148
profit	Mathews, Riches, Poverty, and the Faithful: Perspectives on Wealth in the Second Temple Period and the Apocalypse of John (2013) 99
prophets, prophecy	Jassen, Scripture and Law in the Dead Sea Scrolls (2014) 100
prophets	Fraade, Legal Fictions: Studies of Law and Narrative in the Discursive Worlds of Ancient Jewish Sectarians and Sages (2011) 160
qedushat ha-yom	Van der Horst, Studies in Ancient Judaism and Early Christianity (2014) 132
qumran/qumran community	Fraade, Legal Fictions: Studies of Law and Narrative in the Discursive Worlds of Ancient Jewish Sectarians and Sages (2011) 158, 160
qumran law, characteristics of	Shemesh, Halakhah in the Making: The Development of Jewish Law from Qumran to the Rabbis (2009) 74
rabbis, the	Fraade, Legal Fictions: Studies of Law and Narrative in the Discursive Worlds of Ancient Jewish Sectarians and Sages (2011) 158, 160
regulations	Mathews, Riches, Poverty, and the Faithful: Perspectives on Wealth in the Second Temple Period and the Apocalypse of John (2013) 99
rewritten scripture	Jassen, Scripture and Law in the Dead Sea Scrolls (2014) 84
sabbath, differing traditions of	Shemesh, Halakhah in the Making: The Development of Jewish Law from Qumran to the Rabbis (2009) 74
sabbath	Fraade, Legal Fictions: Studies of Law and Narrative in the Discursive Worlds of Ancient Jewish Sectarians and Sages (2011) 158, 160; Mathews, Riches, Poverty, and the Faithful: Perspectives on Wealth in the Second Temple Period and the Apocalypse of John (2013) 99; Van der Horst, Studies in Ancient Judaism and Early Christianity (2014) 132
sabbath code	Jassen, Scripture and Law in the Dead Sea Scrolls (2014) 83, 144, 147
sadducees, legal tradition of	Shemesh, Halakhah in the Making: The Development of Jewish Law from Qumran to the Rabbis (2009) 74
schiffman, lawrence	Shemesh, Halakhah in the Making: The Development of Jewish Law from Qumran to the Rabbis (2009) 74
second temple period, halakhic disputes from time of	Shemesh, Halakhah in the Making: The Development of Jewish Law from Qumran to the Rabbis (2009) 74
semantic reformulation	Jassen, Scripture and Law in the Dead Sea Scrolls (2014) 92, 101, 146
septuagint	Jassen, Scripture and Law in the Dead Sea Scrolls (2014) 72, 75, 77, 81, 84, 100
seven (as a holy number)	Van der Horst, Studies in Ancient Judaism and Early Christianity (2014) 132
shemoneh esreh	Van der Horst, Studies in Ancient Judaism and Early Christianity (2014) 132
targum	Jassen, Scripture and Law in the Dead Sea Scrolls (2014) 72, 75, 76, 77, 81, 84, 100
textual authority, in dead sea scrolls	Jassen, Scripture and Law in the Dead Sea Scrolls (2014) 97
thoughts, prohibition of, in dead dea scrolls	Jassen, Scripture and Law in the Dead Sea Scrolls (2014) 91, 92, 101, 102, 126, 136, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148
torah	Fraade, Legal Fictions: Studies of Law and Narrative in the Discursive Worlds of Ancient Jewish Sectarians and Sages (2011) 158, 160
tosefet shabbat (addition to the sabbath)	Shemesh, Halakhah in the Making: The Development of Jewish Law from Qumran to the Rabbis (2009) 74
travel on sabbath'	Jassen, Scripture and Law in the Dead Sea Scrolls (2014) 88
travel on sabbath	Jassen, Scripture and Law in the Dead Sea Scrolls (2014) 83, 91, 93, 136, 147, 187
tyre	Mathews, Riches, Poverty, and the Faithful: Perspectives on Wealth in the Second Temple Period and the Apocalypse of John (2013) 99
wealth, unjust	Mathews, Riches, Poverty, and the Faithful: Perspectives on Wealth in the Second Temple Period and the Apocalypse of John (2013) 99
wealth	Mathews, Riches, Poverty, and the Faithful: Perspectives on Wealth in the Second Temple Period and the Apocalypse of John (2013) 99