Tiresias: The Ancient Mediterranean Religions Source Database

811

Anon., Didache, 8.1-8.2
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33 results
1. Septuagint, Tobit, 12.8-12.10 (th cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE) 12.8. Prayer is good when accompanied by fasting, almsgiving, and righteousness. A little with righteousness is better than much with wrongdoing. It is better to give alms than to treasure up gold. 12.9. For almsgiving delivers from death, and it will purge away every sin. Those who perform deeds of charity and of righteousness will have fulness of life; 12.10. but those who commit sin are the enemies of their own lives.
2. Hebrew Bible, Song of Songs, 2.8-2.14, 5.2 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE) 2.8. קוֹל דּוֹדִי הִנֵּה־זֶה בָּא מְדַלֵּג עַל־הֶהָרִים מְקַפֵּץ עַל־הַגְּבָעוֹת׃ 2.9. דּוֹמֶה דוֹדִי לִצְבִי אוֹ לְעֹפֶר הָאַיָּלִים הִנֵּה־זֶה עוֹמֵד אַחַר כָּתְלֵנוּ מַשְׁגִּיחַ מִן־הַחֲלֹּנוֹת מֵצִיץ מִן־הַחֲרַכִּים׃ 2.11. כִּי־הִנֵּה הסתו [הַסְּתָיו] עָבָר הַגֶּשֶׁם חָלַף הָלַךְ לוֹ׃ 2.12. הַנִּצָּנִים נִרְאוּ בָאָרֶץ עֵת הַזָּמִיר הִגִּיעַ וְקוֹל הַתּוֹר נִשְׁמַע בְּאַרְצֵנוּ׃ 2.13. הַתְּאֵנָה חָנְטָה פַגֶּיהָ וְהַגְּפָנִים סְמָדַר נָתְנוּ רֵיחַ קוּמִי לכי [לָךְ] רַעְיָתִי יָפָתִי וּלְכִי־לָךְ׃ 2.14. יוֹנָתִי בְּחַגְוֵי הַסֶּלַע בְּסֵתֶר הַמַּדְרֵגָה הַרְאִינִי אֶתּ־מַרְאַיִךְ הַשְׁמִיעִינִי אֶת־קוֹלֵךְ כִּי־קוֹלֵךְ עָרֵב וּמַרְאֵיךְ נָאוֶה׃ 5.2. אֲנִי יְשֵׁנָה וְלִבִּי עֵר קוֹל דּוֹדִי דוֹפֵק פִּתְחִי־לִי אֲחֹתִי רַעְיָתִי יוֹנָתִי תַמָּתִי שֶׁרֹּאשִׁי נִמְלָא־טָל קְוֻּצּוֹתַי רְסִיסֵי לָיְלָה׃ 2.8. Hark! my beloved! behold, he cometh, Leaping upon the mountains, skipping upon the hills. 2.9. My beloved is like a gazelle or a young hart; Behold, he standeth behind our wall, He looketh in through the windows, He peereth through the lattice. 2.10. My beloved spoke, and said unto me: ‘Rise up, my love, my fair one, and come away. 2.11. For, lo, the winter is past, The rain is over and gone; 2.12. The flowers appear on the earth; The time of singing is come, And the voice of the turtle is heard in our land; 2.13. The fig-tree putteth forth her green figs, And the vines in blossom give forth their fragrance. Arise, my love, my fair one, and come away. 2.14. O my dove, that art in the clefts of the rock, in the covert of the cliff, Let me see thy countece, let me hear thy voice; For sweet is thy voice, and thy countece is comely.’ 5.2. I sleep, but my heart waketh; Hark! my beloved knocketh: ‘Open to me, my sister, my love, my dove, my undefiled; For my head is filled with dew, My locks with the drops of the night.’
3. Hebrew Bible, Esther, 4.16 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE) 4.16. לֵךְ כְּנוֹס אֶת־כָּל־הַיְּהוּדִים הַנִּמְצְאִים בְּשׁוּשָׁן וְצוּמוּ עָלַי וְאַל־תֹּאכְלוּ וְאַל־תִּשְׁתּוּ שְׁלֹשֶׁת יָמִים לַיְלָה וָיוֹם גַּם־אֲנִי וְנַעֲרֹתַי אָצוּם כֵּן וּבְכֵן אָבוֹא אֶל־הַמֶּלֶךְ אֲשֶׁר לֹא־כַדָּת וְכַאֲשֶׁר אָבַדְתִּי אָבָדְתִּי׃ 4.16. ’Go, gather together all the Jews that are present in Shushan, and fast ye for me, and neither eat nor drink three days, night or day; I also and my maidens will fast in like manner; and so will I go in unto the king, which is not according to the law; and if I perish, I perish.’"
4. Hebrew Bible, Psalms, 55.18 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE) 55.18. עֶרֶב וָבֹקֶר וְצָהֳרַיִם אָשִׂיחָה וְאֶהֱמֶה וַיִּשְׁמַע קוֹלִי׃ 55.18. Evening, and morning, and at noon, will I complain, and moan; And He hath heard my voice."
5. Hebrew Bible, 1 Kings, 8 (8th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
6. Hebrew Bible, 2 Samuel, 1.12 (8th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE) 1.12. וַיִּסְפְּדוּ וַיִּבְכּוּ וַיָּצֻמוּ עַד־הָעָרֶב עַל־שָׁאוּל וְעַל־יְהוֹנָתָן בְּנוֹ וְעַל־עַם יְהוָה וְעַל־בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל כִּי נָפְלוּ בֶּחָרֶב׃ 1.12. and they mourned, and wept, and fasted until evening, for Sha᾽ul, and for Yehonatan his son, and for the people of the Lord, and for the house of Yisra᾽el; because they were fallen by the sword."
7. Hebrew Bible, Jeremiah, 33.11 (8th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE) 33.11. קוֹל שָׂשׂוֹן וְקוֹל שִׂמְחָה קוֹל חָתָן וְקוֹל כַּלָּה קוֹל אֹמְרִים הוֹדוּ אֶת־יְהוָה צְבָאוֹת כִּי־טוֹב יְהוָה כִּי־לְעוֹלָם חַסְדּוֹ מְבִאִים תּוֹדָה בֵּית יְהוָה כִּי־אָשִׁיב אֶת־שְׁבוּת־הָאָרֶץ כְּבָרִאשֹׁנָה אָמַר יְהוָה׃ 33.11. the voice of joy and the voice of gladness, the voice of the bridegroom and the voice of the bride, the voice of them that say: ‘Give thanks to the LORD of hosts, for the LORD is good, for His mercy endureth for ever’, even of them that bring offerings of thanksgiving into the house of the LORD. For I will cause the captivity of the land to return as at the first, saith the LORD."
8. Hebrew Bible, Judges, 20.26 (8th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE) 20.26. וַיַּעֲלוּ כָל־בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וְכָל־הָעָם וַיָּבֹאוּ בֵית־אֵל וַיִּבְכּוּ וַיֵּשְׁבוּ שָׁם לִפְנֵי יְהוָה וַיָּצוּמוּ בַיּוֹם־הַהוּא עַד־הָעָרֶב וַיַּעֲלוּ עֹלוֹת וּשְׁלָמִים לִפְנֵי יְהוָה׃ 20.26. Then all the children of Yisra᾽el, and all the people, went up, and came to the house of God, and wept, and sat there before the Lord, and fasted that day until evening, and offered burnt offerings and peace offerings before the Lord."
9. Hebrew Bible, Ezekiel, 1 (6th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
10. Septuagint, Tobit, 12.8-12.10 (4th cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE) 12.8. Prayer is good when accompanied by fasting, almsgiving, and righteousness. A little with righteousness is better than much with wrongdoing. It is better to give alms than to treasure up gold. 12.9. For almsgiving delivers from death, and it will purge away every sin. Those who perform deeds of charity and of righteousness will have fulness of life; 12.10. but those who commit sin are the enemies of their own lives.
11. Anon., Jubilees, 6.23-6.38 (2nd cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE) 6.23. He set His bow in the cloud for a sign of the eternal covet that there should not again be a flood on the earth to destroy it all the days of the earth. 6.24. For this reason it is ordained and written on the heavenly tables, that they should celebrate the feast of weeks in this month once a year, to renew the covet every year. 6.25. And this whole festival was celebrated in heaven from the day of creation till the days of Noah-twenty-six jubilees and five weeks of years:... 6.26. and Noah and his sons observed it for seven jubilees and one week of years, till the day of Noah's death, and from the day of Noah's death his sons did away with (it) until the days of Abraham, and they ate blood. 6.27. But Abraham observed it, and Isaac and Jacob and his children observed it up to thy days 6.28. and in thy days the children of Israel forgot it until ye celebrated it anew on this mountain. 6.29. And do thou command the children of Israel to observe this festival in all their generations for a commandment unto them: 6.30. one day in the year in this month they shall celebrate the festival. 6.31. For it is the feast of weeks and the feast of first-fruits: 6.32. this feast is twofold and of a double nature: according to what is written and engraven concerning it celebrate it. 6.33. For I have written in the book of the first law, in that which I have written for thee, that thou shouldst celebrate it in its season, one day in the year 6.34. and I explained to thee its sacrifices that the children of Israel should remember and should celebrate it throughout their generations in this month, one day in every year. 6.35. And on the new moon of the first month, and on the new moon of the fourth month, and on the new moon of the seventh month, and on the new moon of the tenth month are the days of remembrance, and the days of the seasons in the four divisions of the year. 6.36. These are written and ordained as a testimony for ever. 6.37. And Noah ordained them for himself as feasts for the generations for ever, so that they have become thereby a memorial unto him. 6.38. And on the new moon of the first month he was bidden to make for himself an ark, and on that (day) the earth became dry and he opened (the ark) and saw the earth.
12. Dead Sea Scrolls, Community Rule, 3.20-3.21 (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE)
13. Hebrew Bible, Daniel, 6.11 (2nd cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE) 6.11. וְדָנִיֵּאל כְּדִי יְדַע דִּי־רְשִׁים כְּתָבָא עַל לְבַיְתֵהּ וְכַוִּין פְּתִיחָן לֵהּ בְּעִלִּיתֵהּ נֶגֶד יְרוּשְׁלֶם וְזִמְנִין תְּלָתָה בְיוֹמָא הוּא בָּרֵךְ עַל־בִּרְכוֹהִי וּמְצַלֵּא וּמוֹדֵא קֳדָם אֱלָהֵהּ כָּל־קֳבֵל דִּי־הֲוָא עָבֵד מִן־קַדְמַת דְּנָה׃ 6.11. And when Daniel knew that the writing was signed, he went into his house—now his windows were open in his upper chamber toward Jerusalem—and he kneeled upon his knees three times a day, and prayed, and gave thanks before his God, as he did aforetime."
14. Anon., Epistle of Barnabas, 19-21, 18 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
15. Anon., Didache, 1, 1.1-6.1, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 2, 2.2, 3, 3.1, 4, 4.9, 4.10, 4.11, 5, 5.1, 5.2, 6, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 7, 7.1, 7.1-10.7, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 8, 8.2, 8.3, 9, 9.1, 9.1-10.7, 9.3, 9.4, 9.5, 10, 10.5, 11, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4, 11.5, 11.6, 11.7, 11.8, 11.9, 11.10, 11.11, 12, 12.5, 13, 13.1, 13.3, 13.4, 13.5, 13.6, 13.7, 14, 14.1, 15, 15.3, 15.4, 16.8 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE) 1. There are two ways, one of life and one of death; but a great difference between the two ways. The way of life, then, is this: First, you shall love God who made you; second, your neighbour as yourself; and all things whatsoever you would should not occur to you, do not also do to another. And of these sayings the teaching is this: Bless those who curse you, and pray for your enemies, and fast for those who persecute you. For what reward is there, if you love those who love you? Do not also the Gentiles do the same? But love those who hate you, and you shall not have an enemy. Abstain from fleshly and worldly lusts. If someone gives you a blow upon your right cheek, turn to him the other also, and you shall be perfect. If someone impresses you for one mile, go with him two. If someone takes away your cloak, give him also your coat. If someone takes from you what is yours, ask it not back, for indeed you are not able. Give to every one that asks you, and ask it not back; for the Father wills that to all should be given of our own blessings (free gifts). Happy is he that gives according to the commandment; for he is guiltless. Woe to him that receives; for if one having need receives, he is guiltless; but he that receives not having need, shall pay the penalty, why he received and for what, and, coming into straits (confinement), he shall be examined concerning the things which he has done, and he shall not escape thence until he pay back the last farthing. Matthew 5:26 But also now concerning this, it has been said, Let your alms sweat in your hands, until you know to whom you should give.
16. Mishnah, Taanit, 1.6, 2.9, 3.1, 4.3 (1st cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE) 1.6. If these passed and there was no answer, the court decrees three more fasts on the community. They may eat and drink [only] while it is still day; they may not work, bathe, anoint themselves with oil, wear shoes, or have marital, relations. And the bathhouses are closed. If these passed and there was no answer the court decrees upon the community a further seven, making a total of thirteen. These are greater than the first, for on these they blast the shofar and they lock the shops. On Mondays the shutters [of the shops] are opened a little when it gets dark, but on Thursdays they are permitted [the whole day] because of the Shabbat." 2.9. They do not decree upon the community a fast to begin on a Thursday in order not to cause a rise in the market prices. Rather the first three fasts are held [in this order], Monday, Thursday, and Monday; the second three, Thursday, Monday, and Thursday. Rabbi Yose says: just as the first three [fasts] should not begin on a Thursday so too neither the second [three] nor the last [seven]." 3.1. The order of public fasts mentioned above is enacted because of [lack of] the first rain, but if the crops have undergone [an unusual] change they sound a blast immediately. Similarly, if the rain has stopped for forty days between one rainfall and the next, they sound a blast immediately, because it is a plague of drought." 4.3. The men of the maamad fasted on four days of that week, from Monday to Thursday; they did not fast on Friday out of respect for Shabbat or on Sunday in order not to switch from the rest and delight [of Shabbat] to weariness and fasting and [thereby] die. On Sunday [they read], “In the beginning,” and, “Let there be a firmament;” On Monday, “Let there be a firmament,” and, “Let the waters be gathered together;” On Tuesday, “Let the waters be gathered together,” and, “Let there be lights;” On Wednesday, “Let there be lights,” and, “Let the waters swarm;” On Thursday, “Let the waters swarm,” and, “Let the earth bring forth;” On Friday, “Let the earth bring forth,” and, “And the heavens [and the earth] were completed.” For a long section two people read and for a short section one person. [This is how they would read] at Shacharit and Mussaf. And at minhah they assemble and read the section by heart, as they recite the Shema. On Friday at minhah they did not assemble out of respect for Shabbat."
17. New Testament, 1 Timothy, 5.18 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) 5.18. For the Scripture says, "You shall not muzzle the ox when it treads out the grain." And, "The laborer is worthy of his wages.
18. New Testament, 2 John, 10 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
19. New Testament, Acts, 10.28, 13.2, 15.29, 20.32 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE) 10.28. He said to them, "You yourselves know how it is an unlawful thing for a man who is a Jew to join himself or come to one of another nation, but God has shown me that I shouldn't call any man unholy or unclean. 13.2. As they served the Lord and fasted, the Holy Spirit said, "Separate Barnabas and Saul for me, for the work to which I have called them. 15.29. that you abstain from things sacrificed to idols, from blood, from things strangled, and from sexual immorality, from which if you keep yourselves, it will be well with you. Farewell. 20.32. Now, brothers, I entrust you to God, and to the word of his grace, which is able to build up, and to give you the inheritance among all those who are sanctified.
20. New Testament, Apocalypse, 2.15-2.20 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) 2.15. So you also have some who hold to the teaching of the Nicolaitans in the same way. 2.16. Repent therefore, or else I am coming to you quickly, and I will make war against them with the sword of my mouth. 2.17. He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the assemblies. To him who overcomes, to him I will give of the hidden manna, and I will give him a white stone, and on the stone a new name written, which no one knows but he who receives it. 2.18. To the angel of the assembly in Thyatira write: "The Son of God, who has his eyes like a flame of fire, and his feet are like burnished brass, says these things: 2.19. I know your works, your love, faith, service, patient endurance, and that your last works are more than the first. 2.20. But I have this against you, that you tolerate your woman, Jezebel, who calls herself a prophetess. She teaches and seduces my servants to commit sexual immorality, and to eat things sacrificed to idols.
21. New Testament, Colossians, 2.11-2.13 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) 2.11. in whom you were also circumcised with a circumcision not made with hands, in the putting off of the body of the sins of the flesh, in the circumcision of Christ; 2.12. having been buried with him in baptism, in which you were also raised with him through faith in the working of God, who raised him from the dead. 2.13. You were dead through your trespasses and the uncircumcision of your flesh. He made you alive together with him, having forgiven us all our trespasses;
22. New Testament, Galatians, 2.13 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) 2.13. And the rest of the Jews joined him in his hypocrisy; so that evenBarnabas was carried away with their hypocrisy.
23. New Testament, Philippians, 4.15 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) 4.15. You yourselves also know, you Philippians, that in the beginning of the gospel, when I departed from Macedonia, no assembly had fellowship with me in the matter of giving and receiving but you only.
24. New Testament, John, 9.22, 12.42, 18.3 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) 9.22. His parents said these things because they feared the Jews; for the Jews had already agreed that if any man would confess him as Christ, he would be put out of the synagogue. 12.42. Nevertheless even of the rulers many believed in him, but because of the Pharisees they didn't confess it, so that they wouldn't be put out of the synagogue 18.3. Judas then, having taken a detachment of soldiers and officers from the chief priests and the Pharisees, came there with lanterns, torches, and weapons.
25. New Testament, Luke, 1.41-1.45, 3.21, 8.11-8.12, 10.3-10.12, 11.1-11.5, 12.1-12.4, 14.12, 18.12 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) 1.41. It happened, when Elizabeth heard Mary's greeting, that the baby leaped in her womb, and Elizabeth was filled with the Holy Spirit. 1.42. She called out with a loud voice, and said, "Blessed are you among women, and blessed is the fruit of your womb! 1.43. Why am I so favored, that the mother of my Lord should come to me? 1.44. For behold, when the voice of your greeting came into my ears, the baby leaped in my womb for joy! 1.45. Blessed is she who believed, for there will be a fulfillment of the things which have been spoken to her from the Lord! 3.21. Now it happened, when all the people were baptized, Jesus also had been baptized, and was praying. The sky was opened 8.11. Now the parable is this: The seed is the word of God. 8.12. Those along the road are those who hear, then the devil comes, and takes away the word from their heart, that they may not believe and be saved. 10.3. Go your ways. Behold, I send you out as lambs among wolves. 10.4. Carry no purse, nor wallet, nor sandals. Greet no one on the way. 10.5. Into whatever house you enter, first say, 'Peace be to this house.' 10.6. If a son of peace is there, your peace will rest on him; but if not, it will return to you. 10.7. Remain in that same house, eating and drinking the things they give, for the laborer is worthy of his wages. Don't go from house to house. 10.8. Into whatever city you enter, and they receive you, eat the things that are set before you. 10.9. Heal the sick who are therein, and tell them, 'The Kingdom of God has come near to you.' 10.10. But into whatever city you enter, and they don't receive you, go out into the streets of it and say 10.11. 'Even the dust from your city that clings to us, we wipe off against you. Nevertheless know this, that the Kingdom of God has come near to you.' 10.12. I tell you, it will be more tolerable in that day for Sodom than for that city. 11.1. It happened, that when he finished praying in a certain place, one of his disciples said to him, "Lord, teach us to pray, just as John also taught his disciples. 11.2. He said to them, "When you pray, say, 'Our Father in heaven, May your name be kept holy. May your kingdom come. May your will be done on Earth, as it is in heaven. 11.3. Give us day by day our daily bread. 11.4. Forgive us our sins, For we ourselves also forgive everyone who is indebted to us. Bring us not into temptation, But deliver us from the evil one.' 11.5. He said to them, "Which of you, if you go to a friend at midnight, and tell him, 'Friend, lend me three loaves of bread 12.1. Meanwhile, when a multitude of many thousands had gathered together, so much so that they trampled on each other, he began to tell his disciples first of all, "Beware of the yeast of the Pharisees, which is hypocrisy. 12.2. But there is nothing covered up, that will not be revealed, nor hidden, that will not be known. 12.3. Therefore whatever you have said in the darkness will be heard in the light. What you have spoken in the ear in the inner chambers will be proclaimed on the housetops. 12.4. I tell you, my friends, don't be afraid of those who kill the body, and after that have no more that they can do. 14.12. He also said to the one who had invited him, "When you make a dinner or a supper, don't call your friends, nor your brothers, nor your kinsmen, nor rich neighbors, or perhaps they might also return the favor, and pay you back. 18.12. I fast twice a week. I give tithes of all that I get.'
26. New Testament, Mark, 2.18-2.22, 9.5 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) 2.18. John's disciples and the Pharisees were fasting, and they came and asked him, "Why do John's disciples and the disciples of the Pharisees fast, but your disciples don't fast? 2.19. Jesus said to them, "Can the groomsmen fast while the bridegroom is with them? As long as they have the bridegroom with them, they can't fast. 2.20. But the days will come when the bridegroom will be taken away from them, and then will they fast in that day. 2.21. No one sews a piece of unshrunk cloth on an old garment, or else the patch shrinks and the new tears away from the old, and a worse hole is made. 2.22. No one puts new wine into old wineskins, or else the new wine will burst the skins, and the wine pours out, and the skins will be destroyed; but they put new wine into fresh wineskins. 9.5. Peter answered Jesus, "Rabbi, it is good for us to be here. Let's make three tents: one for you, one for Moses, and one for Elijah.
27. New Testament, Matthew, 5.18, 5.20, 5.32, 5.41, 5.47, 6.1-6.18, 7.6, 8.3, 9.14, 10.7-10.16, 11.29-11.30, 12.31, 13.52, 15.7, 18.17, 19.9, 22.18, 23.1, 23.7-23.32 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) 5.18. For most assuredly, I tell you, until heaven and earth pass away, not even one smallest letter or one tiny pen stroke shall in any way pass away from the law, until all things are accomplished. 5.20. For I tell you that unless your righteousness exceeds that of the scribes and Pharisees, there is no way you will enter into the Kingdom of Heaven. 5.32. but I tell you that whoever who puts away his wife, except for the cause of sexual immorality, makes her an adulteress; and whoever marries her when she is put away commits adultery. 5.41. Whoever compels you to go one mile, go with him two. 5.47. If you only greet your friends, what more do you do than others? Don't even the tax collectors do the same? 6.1. Be careful that you don't do your charitable giving before men, to be seen by them, or else you have no reward from your Father who is in heaven. 6.2. Therefore when you do merciful deeds, don't sound a trumpet before yourself, as the hypocrites do in the synagogues and in the streets, that they may get glory from men. Most assuredly I tell you, they have received their reward. 6.3. But when you do merciful deeds, don't let your left hand know what your right hand does 6.4. so that your merciful deeds may be in secret, then your Father who sees in secret will reward you openly. 6.5. When you pray, you shall not be as the hypocrites, for they love to stand and pray in the synagogues and in the corners of the streets, that they may be seen by men. Most assuredly, I tell you, they have received their reward. 6.6. But you, when you pray, enter into your inner chamber, and having shut your door, pray to your Father who is in secret, and your Father who sees in secret will reward you openly. 6.7. In praying, don't use vain repetitions, as the Gentiles do; for they think that they will be heard for their much speaking. 6.8. Therefore don't be like them, for your Father knows what things you need, before you ask him. 6.9. Pray like this: 'Our Father in heaven, may your name be kept holy. 6.10. Let your kingdom come. Let your will be done, as in heaven, so on earth. 6.11. Give us today our daily bread. 6.12. Forgive us our debts, as we also forgive our debtors. 6.13. Bring us not into temptation, but deliver us from the evil one. For yours is the kingdom, the power, and the glory forever. Amen.' 6.14. For if you forgive men their trespasses, your heavenly Father will also forgive you. 6.15. But if you don't forgive men their trespasses, neither will your Father forgive your trespasses. 6.16. Moreover when you fast, don't be like the hypocrites, with sad faces. For they disfigure their faces, that they may be seen by men to be fasting. Most assuredly I tell you, they have received their reward. 6.17. But you, when you fast, anoint your head, and wash your face; 6.18. so that you are not seen by men to be fasting, but by your Father who is in secret, and your Father, who sees in secret, will reward you. 7.6. Don't give that which is holy to the dogs, neither throw your pearls before the pigs, lest perhaps they trample them under their feet, and turn and tear you to pieces. 8.3. Jesus stretched out his hand, and touched him, saying, "I want to. Be made clean." Immediately his leprosy was cleansed. 9.14. Then John's disciples came to him, saying, "Why do we and the Pharisees fast often, but your disciples don't fast? 10.7. As you go, preach, saying, 'The Kingdom of Heaven is at hand!' 10.8. Heal the sick, cleanse the lepers, and cast out demons. Freely you received, so freely give. 10.9. Don't take any gold, nor silver, nor brass in your money belts. 10.10. Take no bag for your journey, neither two coats, nor shoes, nor staff: for the laborer is worthy of his food. 10.11. Into whatever city or village you enter, find out who in it is worthy; and stay there until you go on. 10.12. As you enter into the household, greet it. 10.13. If the household is worthy, let your peace come on it, but if it isn't worthy, let your peace return to you. 10.14. Whoever doesn't receive you, nor hear your words, as you go out out of that house or that city, shake off the dust from your feet. 10.15. Most assuredly I tell you, it will be more tolerable for the land of Sodom and Gomorrah in the day of judgment than for that city. 10.16. Behold, I send you out as sheep in the midst of wolves. Therefore be wise as serpents, and harmless as doves. 11.29. Take my yoke upon you, and learn from me, for I am humble and lowly in heart; and you will find rest for your souls. 11.30. For my yoke is easy, and my burden is light. 12.31. Therefore I tell you, every sin and blasphemy will be forgiven men, but the blasphemy against the Spirit will not be forgiven men. 13.52. He said to them, "Therefore, every scribe who has been made a disciple in the Kingdom of Heaven is like a man who is a householder, who brings out of his treasure new and old things. 15.7. You hypocrites! Well did Isaiah prophesy of you, saying 18.17. If he refuses to listen to them, tell it to the assembly. If he refuses to hear the assembly also, let him be to you as a Gentile or a tax collector. 19.9. I tell you that whoever divorces his wife, except for sexual immorality, and marries another, commits adultery; and he who marries her when she is divorced commits adultery. 22.18. But Jesus perceived their wickedness, and said, "Why do you test me, you hypocrites? 23.1. Then Jesus spoke to the multitudes and to his disciples 23.7. the salutations in the marketplaces, and to be called 'Rabbi, Rabbi' by men. 23.8. But don't you be called 'Rabbi,' for one is your teacher, the Christ, and all of you are brothers. 23.9. Call no man on the earth your father, for one is your Father, he who is in heaven. 23.10. Neither be called masters, for one is your master, the Christ. 23.11. But he who is greatest among you will be your servant. 23.12. Whoever will exalt himself will be humbled, and whoever will humble himself will be exalted. 23.13. Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you devour widows' houses, and as a pretense you make long prayers. Therefore you will receive greater condemnation. 23.14. But woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! Because you shut up the Kingdom of Heaven against men; for you don't enter in yourselves, neither do you allow those who are entering in to enter. 23.15. Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you travel around by sea and land to make one proselyte; and when he becomes one, you make him twice as much of a son of Gehenna as yourselves. 23.16. Woe to you, you blind guides, who say, 'Whoever swears by the temple, it is nothing; but whoever swears by the gold of the temple, he is obligated.' 23.17. You blind fools! For which is greater, the gold, or the temple that sanctifies the gold? 23.18. 'Whoever swears by the altar, it is nothing; but whoever swears by the gift that is on it, he is a obligated.' 23.19. You blind fools! For which is greater, the gift, or the altar that sanctifies the gift? 23.20. He therefore who swears by the altar, swears by it, and by everything on it. 23.21. He who swears by the temple, swears by it, and by him who is living in it. 23.22. He who swears by heaven, swears by the throne of God, and by him who sits on it. 23.23. Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you tithe mint, dill, and cumin, and have left undone the weightier matters of the law: justice, mercy, and faith. But you ought to have done these, and not to have left the other undone. 23.24. You blind guides, who strain out a gnat, and swallow a camel! 23.25. Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you clean the outside of the cup and of the platter, but within they are full of extortion and unrighteousness. 23.26. You blind Pharisee, first clean the inside of the cup and of the platter, that the outside of it may become clean also. 23.27. Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you are like whitened tombs, which outwardly appear beautiful, but inwardly are full of dead men's bones, and of all uncleanness. 23.28. Even so you also outwardly appear righteous to men, but inwardly you are full of hypocrisy and iniquity. 23.29. Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you build the tombs of the prophets, and decorate the tombs of the righteous 23.30. and say, 'If we had lived in the days of our fathers, we wouldn't have been partakers with them in the blood of the prophets.' 23.31. Therefore you testify to yourselves that you are sons of those who killed the prophets. 23.32. Fill up, then, the measure of your fathers.
28. Tosefta, Berachot, 3.1-3.2 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE) 3.2. ...The evening prayer [of Shmoneh Esreh] does not have a set time. Rebbi Elazar Bar Yossi says, “[A person should pray the evening Shmoneh Esreh] with the closing of the gates [of the Bet Hamikdash (Temple)].” Rebbi Elazar Bar Yossi said, “My father [always] prayed [the evening Shmoneh Esreh] with the closing of the gates [of the Bet Hamikdash].” [A person] who prays the Mussaf prayer [of Shmoneh Esreh] either after the morning Tamid [sacrifice] has been brought or before the morning Tamid [sacrifice] has been brought, has fulfilled his obligation [of praying the morning Shmoneh Esreh on time.]"
29. Tosefta, Hagigah, 2.1 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
30. Justin, First Apology, 14.3 (2nd cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
31. Eusebius of Caesarea, Ecclesiastical History, 5.18.2, 5.18.4, 5.18.11 (3rd cent. CE - 4th cent. CE) 5.18.2. His actions and his teaching show who this new teacher is. This is he who taught the dissolution of marriage; who made laws for fasting; who named Pepuza and Tymion, small towns in Phrygia, Jerusalem, wishing to gather people to them from all directions; who appointed collectors of money; who contrived the receiving of gifts under the name of offerings; who provided salaries for those who preached his doctrine, that its teaching might prevail through gluttony. 5.18.4. Afterwards he says: Does not all Scripture seem to you to forbid a prophet to receive gifts and money? When therefore I see the prophetess receiving gold and silver and costly garments, how can I avoid reproving her? 5.18.11. Again, in another part of his work he speaks as follows of the prophets of whom they boast:If they deny that their prophets have received gifts, let them acknowledge this: that if they are convicted of receiving them, they are not prophets. And we will bring a multitude of proofs of this. But it is necessary that all the fruits of a prophet should be examined. Tell me, does a prophet dye his hair? Does a prophet stain his eyelids? Does a prophet delight in adornment? Does a prophet play with tables and dice? Does a prophet lend on usury? Let them confess whether these things are lawful or not; but I will show that they have been done by them.
32. Anon., Epistle To Diognetus, 5
33. Golden Verses (Pseudo-Pythagoras), Carmen Aurem, 11, 9-10

Subjects of this text:

subject	book bibliographic info
abortion	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 522
adam,see first man adda(n)	Williams (2009), Williams, The Panarion of Epiphanius of Salamis: Book I: (Sects 1-46), 43
akiba,rabbi	Taylor (2012), The Essenes, the Scrolls, and the Dead Sea, 185
allegory,allegorical	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 245
alms(giving)	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 262, 293
alms	Langstaff, Stuckenbruck, and Tilly, (2022), The Lord’s Prayer, 16
almsgiving,charity	Ruzer (2020), Early Jewish Messianism in the New Testament: Reflections in the Dim Mirror, 115
angels	Williams (2009), Williams, The Panarion of Epiphanius of Salamis: Book I: (Sects 1-46), 43
apocalyptic(ism) (see also dualism)	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 245
apollonius (anti-montanist)	Tabbernee (2007), Fake Prophecy and Polluted Sacraments: Ecclesiastical and Imperial Reactions to Montanism, 103
aramaic	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 245
asceticism	Pevarello (2013), The Sentences of Sextus and the Origins of Christian Ascetiscism. 91
ascetics,pre-constantine'	König (2012), Saints and Symposiasts: The Literature of Food and the Symposium in Greco-Roman and Early Christian Culture, 128
astrology	Williams (2009), Williams, The Panarion of Epiphanius of Salamis: Book I: (Sects 1-46), 43
baptism,of jesus	Langstaff, Stuckenbruck, and Tilly, (2022), The Lord’s Prayer, 15
baptism,of john	Langstaff, Stuckenbruck, and Tilly, (2022), The Lord’s Prayer, 15
baptism/baptize,daily	Williams (2009), Williams, The Panarion of Epiphanius of Salamis: Book I: (Sects 1-46), 43
baptism	Lieu (2004), Christian Identity in the Jewish and Graeco-Roman World, 162; Poorthuis and Schwartz (2006), A Holy People: Jewish And Christian Perspectives on Religious Communal Identity. 85; Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 266, 522
basil of ancyra	Pevarello (2013), The Sentences of Sextus and the Origins of Christian Ascetiscism. 91
basil of caesarea	Pevarello (2013), The Sentences of Sextus and the Origins of Christian Ascetiscism. 91
birth narratives	Langstaff, Stuckenbruck, and Tilly, (2022), The Lord’s Prayer, 15
blessings,for a meal	Berglund Crostini and Kelhoffer (2022), Why We Sing: Music, Word, and Liturgy in Early Christianity, 63
calendar (lunar,solar)	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 266, 293, 523
celibacy	Taylor (2012), The Essenes, the Scrolls, and the Dead Sea, 185
christianity,early,feasting practices	König (2012), Saints and Symposiasts: The Literature of Food and the Symposium in Greco-Roman and Early Christian Culture, 128
christianity,early,relationship between early christian and jewish feasting and feasting literature	König (2012), Saints and Symposiasts: The Literature of Food and the Symposium in Greco-Roman and Early Christian Culture, 128
christianity,early history	Esler (2000), The Early Christian World, 147
christology,christological	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 522
community prayer	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 292
compassion	Langstaff, Stuckenbruck, and Tilly, (2022), The Lord’s Prayer, 236
covenant,covenantal	Ruzer (2020), Early Jewish Messianism in the New Testament: Reflections in the Dim Mirror, 115
culture,cultural affiliations in galilee	Esler (2000), The Early Christian World, 147
cyprian,martyr	Berglund Crostini and Kelhoffer (2022), Why We Sing: Music, Word, and Liturgy in Early Christianity, 63
didache,and baptism	Bird and Harrower (2021), The Cambridge Companion to the Apostolic Fathers, 252
didache,manuscripts	Bird and Harrower (2021), The Cambridge Companion to the Apostolic Fathers, 256
didache,structure	Bird and Harrower (2021), The Cambridge Companion to the Apostolic Fathers, 251
didache,use of luke	Bird and Harrower (2021), The Cambridge Companion to the Apostolic Fathers, 251
didache	Boulluec (2022), The Notion of Heresy in Greek Literature in the Second and Third Centuries, 26, 27; Esler (2000), The Early Christian World, 147; Langstaff, Stuckenbruck, and Tilly, (2022), The Lord’s Prayer, 15, 16, 236; Poorthuis and Schwartz (2006), A Holy People: Jewish And Christian Perspectives on Religious Communal Identity. 85, 87; Taylor (2012), The Essenes, the Scrolls, and the Dead Sea, 185
didache tradition	Berglund Crostini and Kelhoffer (2022), Why We Sing: Music, Word, and Liturgy in Early Christianity, 63
dietary renunciation	Pevarello (2013), The Sentences of Sextus and the Origins of Christian Ascetiscism. 91
doxology	Berglund Crostini and Kelhoffer (2022), Why We Sing: Music, Word, and Liturgy in Early Christianity, 63
editing (process)	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 245, 292
elazar ben arakh	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 245
election (of israel)	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 245
enkrateia	Pevarello (2013), The Sentences of Sextus and the Origins of Christian Ascetiscism. 91
ephesians	Berglund Crostini and Kelhoffer (2022), Why We Sing: Music, Word, and Liturgy in Early Christianity, 63
epiphanius,and the seven schools model	Taylor (2012), The Essenes, the Scrolls, and the Dead Sea, 185
epiphanius	Taylor (2012), The Essenes, the Scrolls, and the Dead Sea, 185; Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 523
essenes (see also qumran)	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 292, 293, 523
eucharist	Langstaff, Stuckenbruck, and Tilly, (2022), The Lord’s Prayer, 15; Lieu (2004), Christian Identity in the Jewish and Graeco-Roman World, 162; Poorthuis and Schwartz (2006), A Holy People: Jewish And Christian Perspectives on Religious Communal Identity. 85, 87; Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 522
exception clause	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 292, 293
excommunication	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 293
fast	Langstaff, Stuckenbruck, and Tilly, (2022), The Lord’s Prayer, 15, 16; Pevarello (2013), The Sentences of Sextus and the Origins of Christian Ascetiscism. 91; Poorthuis and Schwartz (2006), A Holy People: Jewish And Christian Perspectives on Religious Communal Identity. 85, 87
fasting	Esler (2000), The Early Christian World, 147; Ruzer (2020), Early Jewish Messianism in the New Testament: Reflections in the Dim Mirror, 115; Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 245, 262, 266, 293, 522, 523
fasting dosithean,jewish	Williams (2009), Williams, The Panarion of Epiphanius of Salamis: Book I: (Sects 1-46), 43
fate	Williams (2009), Williams, The Panarion of Epiphanius of Salamis: Book I: (Sects 1-46), 43
friday (fast/festival day)	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 266, 293, 522, 523
galen	Pevarello (2013), The Sentences of Sextus and the Origins of Christian Ascetiscism. 91
gamaliel (gamliel) the elder,r.	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 266, 293
gamaliel (gamliel) the younger,r.	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 293
genesis,legitimation of herods rule in	Taylor (2012), The Essenes, the Scrolls, and the Dead Sea, 185
gentile	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 523
gentile christians / gentile churches	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 293
gluttony	Pevarello (2013), The Sentences of Sextus and the Origins of Christian Ascetiscism. 91
gospel,of matthew	Langstaff, Stuckenbruck, and Tilly, (2022), The Lord’s Prayer, 236
hairesis	Boulluec (2022), The Notion of Heresy in Greek Literature in the Second and Third Centuries, 27
harmony (συμφωνία),harmonization,scribal	Berglund Crostini and Kelhoffer (2022), Why We Sing: Music, Word, and Liturgy in Early Christianity, 63
herod the great,as messiah	Taylor (2012), The Essenes, the Scrolls, and the Dead Sea, 185
herodians,use of term,identification with the essenes	Taylor (2012), The Essenes, the Scrolls, and the Dead Sea, 185
herodians,use of term,in epiphanius	Taylor (2012), The Essenes, the Scrolls, and the Dead Sea, 185
high (chief) priest	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 266
hillel the elder	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 292, 293
historical tradition	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 292, 522, 523
hypocrisy/hypocrites	Langstaff, Stuckenbruck, and Tilly, (2022), The Lord’s Prayer, 16, 236
hypocrites (pharisees)	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 266, 293, 522, 523
hypocrites (ὑποκριταί)	Berglund Crostini and Kelhoffer (2022), Why We Sing: Music, Word, and Liturgy in Early Christianity, 63
ignatius of antioch,on terminology for heresy	Boulluec (2022), The Notion of Heresy in Greek Literature in the Second and Third Centuries, 27
james (brother of jesus)	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 262
jesus,divine status	Ruzer (2020), Early Jewish Messianism in the New Testament: Reflections in the Dim Mirror, 115
jesus	Ruzer (2020), Early Jewish Messianism in the New Testament: Reflections in the Dim Mirror, 115
jesus (christ) (see also yeshu)	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 523
jesus of nazareth	Taylor (2012), The Essenes, the Scrolls, and the Dead Sea, 185
jewish-christian tradition,custom	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 292, 293, 523
jewish christianity,literary productions	Esler (2000), The Early Christian World, 147
jewish christianity	Boulluec (2022), The Notion of Heresy in Greek Literature in the Second and Third Centuries, 26, 27
jewish christians,jewish-christian	Ruzer (2020), Early Jewish Messianism in the New Testament: Reflections in the Dim Mirror, 115
jewish law/legal schools,and christian writing	Taylor (2012), The Essenes, the Scrolls, and the Dead Sea, 185
jewish law/legal schools,and the hakhamim (sages)	Taylor (2012), The Essenes, the Scrolls, and the Dead Sea, 185
jewish law/legal schools,epiphanius seven schools	Taylor (2012), The Essenes, the Scrolls, and the Dead Sea, 185
jewish liturgy	Poorthuis and Schwartz (2006), A Holy People: Jewish And Christian Perspectives on Religious Communal Identity. 85
jewish prayer	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 266
jews,jewry,jewish,jewish matrix,jewish setting,anti-jewish,non-jewish	Ruzer (2020), Early Jewish Messianism in the New Testament: Reflections in the Dim Mirror, 115
john (the baptist)	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 245, 262, 266, 523
john the baptist	Langstaff, Stuckenbruck, and Tilly, (2022), The Lord’s Prayer, 15
josephus	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 266
judaism	Pevarello (2013), The Sentences of Sextus and the Origins of Christian Ascetiscism. 91
justin martyr,2 apology	Bird and Harrower (2021), The Cambridge Companion to the Apostolic Fathers, 144
kingdom of heaven	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 292
latin	Berglund Crostini and Kelhoffer (2022), Why We Sing: Music, Word, and Liturgy in Early Christianity, 63
law,in the didache	Esler (2000), The Early Christian World, 147
liturgical,ἀμήν	Berglund Crostini and Kelhoffer (2022), Why We Sing: Music, Word, and Liturgy in Early Christianity, 63
liturgy	Berglund Crostini and Kelhoffer (2022), Why We Sing: Music, Word, and Liturgy in Early Christianity, 63
lords prayer,function of the	Langstaff, Stuckenbruck, and Tilly, (2022), The Lord’s Prayer, 15
lords prayer,practice of the	Langstaff, Stuckenbruck, and Tilly, (2022), The Lord’s Prayer, 16
lords prayer,reception (history) of the	Langstaff, Stuckenbruck, and Tilly, (2022), The Lord’s Prayer, 236
lords prayer	Berglund Crostini and Kelhoffer (2022), Why We Sing: Music, Word, and Liturgy in Early Christianity, 63; Poorthuis and Schwartz (2006), A Holy People: Jewish And Christian Perspectives on Religious Communal Identity. 85; Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 262, 266, 292, 293, 522, 523
love,double-love precept	Ruzer (2020), Early Jewish Messianism in the New Testament: Reflections in the Dim Mirror, 115
luke	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 266
manuscripts	Berglund Crostini and Kelhoffer (2022), Why We Sing: Music, Word, and Liturgy in Early Christianity, 63
marriage	Pevarello (2013), The Sentences of Sextus and the Origins of Christian Ascetiscism. 91
matthaean church,community	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 293
matthew,gospel of,portrayal of pharisees in	Taylor (2012), The Essenes, the Scrolls, and the Dead Sea, 185
matthew,gospel of	Esler (2000), The Early Christian World, 147
matthew	Poorthuis and Schwartz (2006), A Holy People: Jewish And Christian Perspectives on Religious Communal Identity. 87
meal,prayers at	Berglund Crostini and Kelhoffer (2022), Why We Sing: Music, Word, and Liturgy in Early Christianity, 63
mercy	Langstaff, Stuckenbruck, and Tilly, (2022), The Lord’s Prayer, 236
midrash	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 245
mithras	Lieu (2004), Christian Identity in the Jewish and Graeco-Roman World, 162
moderation	Pevarello (2013), The Sentences of Sextus and the Origins of Christian Ascetiscism. 91
monday (fast/festival day)	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 266, 523
montanus	Tabbernee (2007), Fake Prophecy and Polluted Sacraments: Ecclesiastical and Imperial Reactions to Montanism, 103
mysticism,mystical	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 245
new testament,pharisees and legal authority in	Taylor (2012), The Essenes, the Scrolls, and the Dead Sea, 185
old latin bible	Berglund Crostini and Kelhoffer (2022), Why We Sing: Music, Word, and Liturgy in Early Christianity, 63
opponents	Langstaff, Stuckenbruck, and Tilly, (2022), The Lord’s Prayer, 16
passover	Lieu (2004), Christian Identity in the Jewish and Graeco-Roman World, 162
paul,farewell of	Berglund Crostini and Kelhoffer (2022), Why We Sing: Music, Word, and Liturgy in Early Christianity, 63
paul,letters of	Berglund Crostini and Kelhoffer (2022), Why We Sing: Music, Word, and Liturgy in Early Christianity, 63
paul (saul)	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 293, 523
perushim,pharisees as	Taylor (2012), The Essenes, the Scrolls, and the Dead Sea, 185
pharisaic tradition/halakha	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 292, 293
pharisees,and celibacy	Taylor (2012), The Essenes, the Scrolls, and the Dead Sea, 185
pharisees,and josephus	Taylor (2012), The Essenes, the Scrolls, and the Dead Sea, 185
pharisees,in epiphanius	Taylor (2012), The Essenes, the Scrolls, and the Dead Sea, 185
pharisees,torah-sages,pharisaic	Ruzer (2020), Early Jewish Messianism in the New Testament: Reflections in the Dim Mirror, 115
pharisees	Poorthuis and Schwartz (2006), A Holy People: Jewish And Christian Perspectives on Religious Communal Identity. 87; Williams (2009), Williams, The Panarion of Epiphanius of Salamis: Book I: (Sects 1-46), 43
piety,deeds of	Ruzer (2020), Early Jewish Messianism in the New Testament: Reflections in the Dim Mirror, 115
piety,trilogy of pious actions →alms,fast,prayer	Langstaff, Stuckenbruck, and Tilly, (2022), The Lord’s Prayer, 16
piety	Langstaff, Stuckenbruck, and Tilly, (2022), The Lord’s Prayer, 15
polemic	Langstaff, Stuckenbruck, and Tilly, (2022), The Lord’s Prayer, 16
polycarp	Langstaff, Stuckenbruck, and Tilly, (2022), The Lord’s Prayer, 236
prayer	Langstaff, Stuckenbruck, and Tilly, (2022), The Lord’s Prayer, 16, 236; Poorthuis and Schwartz (2006), A Holy People: Jewish And Christian Perspectives on Religious Communal Identity. 85; Ruzer (2020), Early Jewish Messianism in the New Testament: Reflections in the Dim Mirror, 115
prayers,meal	Berglund Crostini and Kelhoffer (2022), Why We Sing: Music, Word, and Liturgy in Early Christianity, 63
presbyter	Langstaff, Stuckenbruck, and Tilly, (2022), The Lord’s Prayer, 236
procreationism	Pevarello (2013), The Sentences of Sextus and the Origins of Christian Ascetiscism. 91
prophetess,prophetesses	Tabbernee (2007), Fake Prophecy and Polluted Sacraments: Ecclesiastical and Imperial Reactions to Montanism, 103
pseudo-prophecy/pseudoprophets	Tabbernee (2007), Fake Prophecy and Polluted Sacraments: Ecclesiastical and Imperial Reactions to Montanism, 103
pythagoreans	Pevarello (2013), The Sentences of Sextus and the Origins of Christian Ascetiscism. 91
quartodeciman	Lieu (2004), Christian Identity in the Jewish and Graeco-Roman World, 162
qumran,qumranic,anti-qumranic	Ruzer (2020), Early Jewish Messianism in the New Testament: Reflections in the Dim Mirror, 115
qumran community	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 523
qumran documents	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 266
rabbi (title)	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 293
rabbinic	Ruzer (2020), Early Jewish Messianism in the New Testament: Reflections in the Dim Mirror, 115
rabbinic tradition/literature,midrash	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 245
rabbis	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 245, 266
reader (ἀναγνώστης,ἀναγινώσκων),designated	Berglund Crostini and Kelhoffer (2022), Why We Sing: Music, Word, and Liturgy in Early Christianity, 63
renunciation	Pevarello (2013), The Sentences of Sextus and the Origins of Christian Ascetiscism. 91
resurrection	Williams (2009), Williams, The Panarion of Epiphanius of Salamis: Book I: (Sects 1-46), 43
ritual,practice of	Langstaff, Stuckenbruck, and Tilly, (2022), The Lord’s Prayer, 15
ritual	Langstaff, Stuckenbruck, and Tilly, (2022), The Lord’s Prayer, 15, 16; Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 245, 522
sacrifice	Williams (2009), Williams, The Panarion of Epiphanius of Salamis: Book I: (Sects 1-46), 43
sadducees	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 266
sadducees (tsedukim/tseduqim),in epiphanius	Taylor (2012), The Essenes, the Scrolls, and the Dead Sea, 185
scribes	Taylor (2012), The Essenes, the Scrolls, and the Dead Sea, 185; Williams (2009), Williams, The Panarion of Epiphanius of Salamis: Book I: (Sects 1-46), 43
second temple period,jewry,tradition	Ruzer (2020), Early Jewish Messianism in the New Testament: Reflections in the Dim Mirror, 115
self-restraint	Pevarello (2013), The Sentences of Sextus and the Origins of Christian Ascetiscism. 91
septuagint	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 245
sermon on the mount	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 293
sexual desire,and overeating	Pevarello (2013), The Sentences of Sextus and the Origins of Christian Ascetiscism. 91
sexual desire	Pevarello (2013), The Sentences of Sextus and the Origins of Christian Ascetiscism. 91
sexual immorality	Pevarello (2013), The Sentences of Sextus and the Origins of Christian Ascetiscism. 91
shammai,school	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 292, 293
shammai (see also subject index)	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 292
shepherd of hermas	Tabbernee (2007), Fake Prophecy and Polluted Sacraments: Ecclesiastical and Imperial Reactions to Montanism, 103
short prayer	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 262, 266
sitz im leben	Berglund Crostini and Kelhoffer (2022), Why We Sing: Music, Word, and Liturgy in Early Christianity, 63
sleep,deprivation	Williams (2009), Williams, The Panarion of Epiphanius of Salamis: Book I: (Sects 1-46), 43
speech,apostolic	Berglund Crostini and Kelhoffer (2022), Why We Sing: Music, Word, and Liturgy in Early Christianity, 63
spirit/spirits	Williams (2009), Williams, The Panarion of Epiphanius of Salamis: Book I: (Sects 1-46), 43
sunday (festival day)	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 523
synoptic,tradition	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 245, 293, 523
temple ~	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 266
textual	Berglund Crostini and Kelhoffer (2022), Why We Sing: Music, Word, and Liturgy in Early Christianity, 63
textual criticism	Berglund Crostini and Kelhoffer (2022), Why We Sing: Music, Word, and Liturgy in Early Christianity, 63
thursday (fastday)	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 266, 523
tradition,liturgical	Langstaff, Stuckenbruck, and Tilly, (2022), The Lord’s Prayer, 16
tradition,topical	Langstaff, Stuckenbruck, and Tilly, (2022), The Lord’s Prayer, 16
traditions,oral	Berglund Crostini and Kelhoffer (2022), Why We Sing: Music, Word, and Liturgy in Early Christianity, 63
two ways (tractate of)	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 522
virginity	Pevarello (2013), The Sentences of Sextus and the Origins of Christian Ascetiscism. 91
virtue	Langstaff, Stuckenbruck, and Tilly, (2022), The Lord’s Prayer, 236; Pevarello (2013), The Sentences of Sextus and the Origins of Christian Ascetiscism. 91
vulgate	Berglund Crostini and Kelhoffer (2022), Why We Sing: Music, Word, and Liturgy in Early Christianity, 63
war	Langstaff, Stuckenbruck, and Tilly, (2022), The Lord’s Prayer, 16
wednesday (fast/festival day)	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 266, 293, 523
worship	Poorthuis and Schwartz (2006), A Holy People: Jewish And Christian Perspectives on Religious Communal Identity. 85, 87
yohanan ben zakkai,r.	Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 245
zeus	Williams (2009), Williams, The Panarion of Epiphanius of Salamis: Book I: (Sects 1-46), 43
zodiac	Williams (2009), Williams, The Panarion of Epiphanius of Salamis: Book I: (Sects 1-46), 43
χριστέμπορος	Boulluec (2022), The Notion of Heresy in Greek Literature in the Second and Third Centuries, 26, 27