1. Thucydides, The History of The Peloponnesian War, 1.22.4 (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •dionysius of halicarnassus, on imitation Found in books: Konig and Wiater (2022), Late Hellenistic Greek Literature in Dialogue, 340; König and Wiater (2022), Late Hellenistic Greek Literature in Dialogue, 340| 1.22.4. καὶ ἐς μὲν ἀκρόασιν ἴσως τὸ μὴ μυθῶδες αὐτῶν ἀτερπέστερον φανεῖται: ὅσοι δὲ βουλήσονται τῶν τε γενομένων τὸ σαφὲς σκοπεῖν καὶ τῶν μελλόντων ποτὲ αὖθις κατὰ τὸ ἀνθρώπινον τοιούτων καὶ παραπλησίων ἔσεσθαι, ὠφέλιμα κρίνειν αὐτὰ ἀρκούντως ἕξει. κτῆμά τε ἐς αἰεὶ μᾶλλον ἢ ἀγώνισμα ἐς τὸ παραχρῆμα ἀκούειν ξύγκειται. | 1.22.4. The absence of romance in my history will, I fear, detract somewhat from its interest; but if it be judged useful by those inquirers who desire an exact knowledge of the past as an aid to the interpretation of the future, which in the course of human things must resemble if it does not reflect it, I shall be content. In fine, I have written my work, not as an essay which is to win the applause of the moment, but as a possession for all time. |
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2. Herodotus, Histories, None (5th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Kirkland (2022), Herodotus and Imperial Greek Literature: Criticism, Imitation, Reception, 66 | 5.42. Now Cleomenes, as the story goes, was not in his right mind and really quite mad, while Dorieus was first among all of his peers and fully believed that he would be made king for his manly worth. ,Since he was of this opinion, Dorieus was very angry when at Anaxandrides' death the Lacedaemonians followed their custom and made Cleomenes king by right of age. Since he would not tolerate being made subject to Cleomenes, he asked the Spartans for a group of people whom he took away as colonists. He neither inquired of the oracle at Delphi in what land he should establish his settlement, nor did anything else that was customary but set sail in great anger for Libya, with men of Thera to guide him. ,When he arrived there, he settled by the Cinyps river in the fairest part of Libya, but in the third year he was driven out by the Macae, the Libyans and the Carchedonians and returned to the Peloponnesus. |
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| 3. Plato, Republic, None (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Kirkland (2022), Herodotus and Imperial Greek Literature: Criticism, Imitation, Reception, 59 |
| 4. Dionysius of Halycarnassus, De Veterum Censura, None (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Konig and Wiater (2022), Late Hellenistic Greek Literature in Dialogue, 345, 346; König and Wiater (2022), Late Hellenistic Greek Literature in Dialogue, 345, 346 |
5. Dionysius of Halycarnassus, Roman Antiquities, 1.5.3, 1.6.4, 11.1.4-11.1.5 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •dionysius of halicarnassus, on imitation •dionysius of halicarnassus, mimesis and imitation Found in books: Jonge and Hunter (2019), Dionysius of Halicarnassus and Augustan Rome. Rhetoric, Criticism and Historiography, 4; Kirkland (2022), Herodotus and Imperial Greek Literature: Criticism, Imitation, Reception, 86, 87 | 1.5.3. particularly when they shall have learned from my history that Rome from the very beginning, immediately after its founding, produced infinite examples of virtue in men whose superiors, whether for piety or for justice or for life-long self-control or for warlike valour, no city, either Greek or barbarian, has ever produced. This, I say, is what I hope to accomplish, if my readers will but lay aside all resentment; for some such feeling is aroused by a promise of things which run counter to received opinion or excite wonder. 1.6.4. And again, both the present and future descendants of those godlike men will choose, not the pleasantest and easiest of lives, but rather the noblest and most ambitious, when they consider that all who are sprung from an illustrious origin ought to set a high value on themselves and indulge in no pursuit unworthy of their ancestors. 11.1.4. Men who are engaged in the conduct of civil affairs, among whom I for my part include also those philosophers who regard philosophy as consisting in the practice of fine actions rather than of fine words, have this in common with the rest of mankind, that they take pleasure in a comprehensive survey of all the circumstances that accompany events. And besides their pleasure, they have this advantage, that in difficult times they render great service to their countries as the result of the experience thus acquired and lead them as willing followers to that which is to their advantage, through the power of persuasion. 11.1.5. For men most easily recognize the policies which either benefit or injure them when they perceive these illustrated by many examples; and those who advise them to make use of these are credited by them with prudence and great wisdom. It is for these reasons, therefore, that I have determined to report in accurate detail all the circumstances which attended the overthrow of the oligarchy, in so far as I consider them worthy of notice. |
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| 6. Dionysius of Halycarnassus, The Arrangement of Words, 3.12-3.14, 3.16-3.18, 4.7, 4.19-4.20, 5.12, 11.5, 12.8-12.12, 16.5, 19.1, 19.10, 19.12-19.13 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Kirkland (2022), Herodotus and Imperial Greek Literature: Criticism, Imitation, Reception, 60, 61, 66, 67, 68, 69 |
| 7. Dionysius of Halycarnassus, The Arrangement of Words, 3.12-3.14, 3.16-3.18, 4.7, 4.19-4.20, 5.12, 11.5, 12.8-12.12, 16.5, 19.1, 19.10, 19.12-19.13 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Kirkland (2022), Herodotus and Imperial Greek Literature: Criticism, Imitation, Reception, 60, 61, 66, 67, 68, 69 |
| 8. Dionysius of Halycarnassus, On The Admirable Style of Demosthenes, 8.4, 41.3 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Kirkland (2022), Herodotus and Imperial Greek Literature: Criticism, Imitation, Reception, 60, 61, 68; Konig and Wiater (2022), Late Hellenistic Greek Literature in Dialogue, 346; König and Wiater (2022), Late Hellenistic Greek Literature in Dialogue, 346 |
| 9. Dionysius of Halycarnassus, On Dinarchus, 7.5-7.6 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •dionysius of halicarnassus, mimesis and imitation Found in books: Kirkland (2022), Herodotus and Imperial Greek Literature: Criticism, Imitation, Reception, 59 |
| 10. Dionysius of Halycarnassus, On Lysias, 11 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •dionysius of halicarnassus, mimesis and imitation Found in books: Kirkland (2022), Herodotus and Imperial Greek Literature: Criticism, Imitation, Reception, 51 |
| 11. Dionysius of Halycarnassus, Commentaries On The Ancient Orators, 1.1-1.7, 4.5 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •dionysius of halicarnassus, on imitation Found in books: Konig and Wiater (2022), Late Hellenistic Greek Literature in Dialogue, 345, 347; König and Wiater (2022), Late Hellenistic Greek Literature in Dialogue, 345, 347 |
| 12. Dionysius of Halycarnassus, On Thucydides, 1.1, 1.3-1.4, 2.3, 4.1, 4.3, 23.7 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Kirkland (2022), Herodotus and Imperial Greek Literature: Criticism, Imitation, Reception, 51, 60, 61, 70, 71; Konig and Wiater (2022), Late Hellenistic Greek Literature in Dialogue, 323, 325; König and Wiater (2022), Late Hellenistic Greek Literature in Dialogue, 323, 325 |
| 13. Dionysius of Halycarnassus, Letter To Pompeius Geminus, 3.9, 3.11-3.12, 3.14-3.17, 4.22-4.23 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Kirkland (2022), Herodotus and Imperial Greek Literature: Criticism, Imitation, Reception, 51, 60, 61, 66, 67, 68, 69, 71 |
| 14. Longinus, On The Sublime, 26.2 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •dionysius of halicarnassus, imitation of herodotus by •dionysius of halicarnassus, mimesis and imitation Found in books: Kirkland (2022), Herodotus and Imperial Greek Literature: Criticism, Imitation, Reception, 58 |
15. Quintilian, Institutes of Oratory, 10.1.19, 10.1.46-10.1.84, 10.3.19-10.3.21 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •dionysius of halicarnassus, on imitation •dionysius of halicarnassus, imitation of herodotus by Found in books: Kirkland (2022), Herodotus and Imperial Greek Literature: Criticism, Imitation, Reception, 67; Konig and Wiater (2022), Late Hellenistic Greek Literature in Dialogue, 321, 331, 334, 336, 338, 342, 344, 345, 346, 350; König and Wiater (2022), Late Hellenistic Greek Literature in Dialogue, 321, 331, 334, 336, 338, 342, 344, 345, 346, 350 | 10.3.19. The condemnation which I have passed on such carelessness in writing will make it pretty clear what my views are on the luxury of dictation which is now so fashionable. For, when we write, however great our speed, the fact that the hand cannot follow the rapidity of our thoughts gives us time to think, whereas the presence of our amanuensis hurries us on, at times we feel ashamed to hesitate or pause, or make some alteration, as though we were afraid to display such weakness before a witness. 10.3.20. As a result our language tends not merely to be haphazard and formless, but in our desire to produce a continuous flow we let slip positive improprieties of diction, which show might the precision of the writer nor the impetuosity of the speaker. Again, if the amanuensis is a slow writer, or lacking in intelligence, he becomes a stumbling-block, our speed is checked, and the thread of our ideas is interrupted by the delay or even perhaps by the loss of temper to which it gives rise. 10.3.21. Moreover, the gestures which accompany strong feeling, and sometimes even serve to stimulate the mind, the waving of the hand, the contraction of the brow, the occasional striking of forehead or side, and those which Persius notes when he describes a trivial style as one that "Thumps not the desk nor smacks of bitten nails," all these become ridiculous, unless we are alone. |
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16. Dio Chrysostom, Orations, 18.1, 18.5-18.8, 18.10-18.18 (1st cent. CE - missingth cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •dionysius of halicarnassus, on imitation Found in books: Konig and Wiater (2022), Late Hellenistic Greek Literature in Dialogue, 327, 330, 332, 333, 334, 338, 339, 340, 341, 342, 343, 344, 346, 347, 348, 350; König and Wiater (2022), Late Hellenistic Greek Literature in Dialogue, 327, 330, 332, 333, 334, 338, 339, 340, 341, 342, 343, 344, 346, 347, 348, 350 | 18.1. Although I had often praised your character as that of a good man who is worthy to be first among the best, yet I never admired it before as I do now. For that a man in the very prime of life and second to no one in influence, who possesses great wealth and has every opportunity to live in luxury by day and night, should in spite of all this reach out for education also and be eager to acquire training in eloquent speaking, and should display no hesitation even if it should cost toil, seems to me to give proof of an extraordinarily noble soul and one not only ambitious, but in very truth devoted to wisdom. And for that matter the best of the ancients said that they went on learning not only in the prime of life but also as they grew old. 18.5. But to cut my preface short, I must at once endeavour to carry out your instructions. For a mere lad, now, or a young man who wishes to withdraw from political life and devote himself to training and to the acquisition of forensic ability, there is need of a different regimen in both tasks and activities. But you are not unacquainted with the task, nor are you able to forsake the political career, nor is it the eloquence and effectiveness of a pleader in the courts of law of which you stand in need, but rather that which is alike fitting and sufficient for a statesman. 18.6. So first of all, you should know that you have no need of toil or exacting labour; for although, when a man has already undergone a great deal of training, these contribute very greatly to his progress, yet if he has had only a little, they will lessen his confidence and make him diffident about getting into action; just as with athletes who are unaccustomed to the training of the body, such training weakens them if they become fatigued by exercises which are too severe. But just as bodies unaccustomed to toil need anointing and moderate exercise rather than the training of the gymnasium, so you in preparing yourself for public speaking have need of diligence which has a tempering of pleasure rather than laborious training. So let us consider the poets: I would counsel you to read Meder of the writers of Comedy quite carefully, and Euripides of the writers of Tragedy, and to do so, not casually by reading them to yourself, but by having them read to you by others, preferably by men who know how to render the lines pleasurably, but at any rate so as not to offend. For the effect is enhanced when one is relieved of the preoccupation of reading. 18.7. And let no one of the more 'advanced' critics chide me for selecting Meder's plays in preference to the Old Comedy, or Euripides in preference to the earlier writers of Tragedy. For physicians do not prescribe the most costly diet for their patients, but that which is salutary. Now it would be a long task to enumerate all the advantages to be derived from these writers; indeed, not only has Meder's portrayal of every character and every charming trait surpassed all the skill of the early writers of Comedy, but the suavity and plausibility of Euripides, while perhaps not completely attaining to the grandeur of the tragic poet's way of deifying his characters, or to his high dignity, are very useful for the man in public life; and furthermore, he cleverly fills his plays with an abundance of characters and moving incidents, and strews them with maxims useful on all occasions, since he was not without acquaintance with philosophy. 18.8. But Homer comes first and in the middle and last, in that he gives of himself to every boy and adult and old man just as much as each of them can take. Lyric and elegiac poetry too, and iambics and dithyrambs are very valuable for the man of leisure, but the man who intends to have a public career and at the same time to increase the scope of his activities and the effectiveness of his oratory, will have no time for them. 18.10. As for Herodotus, if you ever want real enjoyment, you will read him when quite at your ease, for the easy-going manner and charm of his narrative will give the impression that his work deals with stories rather than with actual history. But among the foremost historians I place Thucydides, and among those of second rank Theopompus; for not only is there a rhetorical quality in the narrative portion of his speeches, but he is not without eloquence nor negligent in expression, and the slovenliness of his diction is not so bad as to offend you. As for Ephorus, while he hands down to us a great deal of information about events, yet the tediousness and carelessness of his narrative style would not suit your purpose. 18.11. When it comes to the orators, however, who does not know which are the best â Demosthenes for the vigour of his style, the impressiveness of his thought, and the copiousness of his vocabulary, qualities in which he surpasses all other orators; and Lysias for his brevity, the simplicity and coherence of his thought, and for his well concealed cleverness. However, I should not advise you to read these two chiefly, but Hypereides rather and Aeschines; for the faculties in which they excel are simpler, their rhetorical embellishments are easier to grasp, and the beauty of their diction is not one whit inferior to that of the two who are ranked first. But I should advise you to read Lycurgus as well, since he has a lighter touch than those others and reveals a certain simplicity and nobility of character in his speeches. 18.12. At this point I say it is advisable â even if some one, after reading my recommendation of the consummate masters of oratory, is going to find fault â also not to remain unacquainted with the more recent orators, those who lived a little before our time; I refer to the works of such men as Antipater, Theodorus, Plution, and Conon, and to similar material. For the powers they display can be more useful to us because, when we read them, our judgment is not fettered and enslaved, as it is when we approach the ancients. For when we find that we are able to criticize what has been said, we are most encouraged to attempt the same things ourselves, and we find more pleasure in comparing ourselves with others 18.13. when we are convinced that in the comparison we should be found to be not inferior to them, with the chance, occasionally, of being even superior. I shall now turn to the Socratics, writers who, I affirm, are quite indispensable to every man who aspires to become an orator. For just as no meat without salt will be gratifying to the taste, so no branch of literature, as it seems to me, could possibly be pleasing to the ear if it lacked the Socratic grace. It would be a long task to eulogize the others; even to read them is no light thing. 18.14. But it is my own opinion that Xenophon, and he alone of the ancients, can satisfy all the requirements of a man in public life. Whether one is commanding an army in time of war, or is guiding the affairs of a state, or is addressing a popular assembly or a senate, or even if he were addressing a court of law and desired, not as a professional master of eloquence merely, but as a statesman or a royal prince, to utter sentiments appropriate to such a character at the bar of justice, the best exemplar of all, it seems to me, and the most profitable for all these purposes is Xenophon. For not only are his ideas clear and simple and easy for everyone to grasp, but the character of his narrative style is attractive, pleasing, and convincing, being in a high degree true to life in the representation of character, with much charm also and effectiveness, so that his power suggests not cleverness but actual wizardry. 18.15. If, for instance, you should be willing to read his work on the March Inland very carefully, you will find no speech, such as you will one day possess the ability to make, whose subject matter he has not dealt with and can offer as a kind of norm to any man who wishes to steer his course by him or imitate him. If it is needful for the statesman to encourage those who are in the depths of despondency, time and again our writer shows how to do this; or if the need is to incite and exhort, no one who understands the Greek language could fail to be aroused by Xenophon's hortatory speeches. 18.16. My own heart, at any rate, is deeply moved and at times I weep even as I read his account of all those deeds of valour. Or, if it is necessary to deal prudently with those who are proud and conceited and to avoid, on the one hand, being affected in any way by their displeasure, or, on the other, enslaving one's own spirit to them in unseemly fashion and doing their will in everything, guidance in this also is to be found in him. And also how to hold secret conferences both with generals apart from the common soldiers and with the soldiers in the same way; the proper manner of conversing with kings and princes; how to deceive enemies to their hurt and friends for their own benefit; how to tell the plain truth to those who are needlessly disturbed without giving offence, and to make them believe it; how not to trust too readily those in authority over you, and the means by which such persons deceive their inferiors, and the way in which men outwit and are outwitted â 18.17. on all these points Xenophon's treatise gives adequate information. For I imagine that it is because he combines deeds with words, because he did not learn by hearsay nor by copying, but by doing deeds himself as well as telling of them, that he made his speeches most convincingly true to life in all his works and especially in this one which I chanced to mention. And be well assured that you will have no occasion to repent, but that both in the senate and before the people you will find this great man reaching out a hand to you if you earnestly and diligently read him. 18.18. Writing, however, I do not advise you to engage in with your own hand, or only very rarely, but rather to dictate to a secretary. For, in the first place, the one who utters his thoughts aloud is more nearly in the mood of a man addressing an audience than is one who writes, and, in the second place, less labour is involved. Again, while it contributes less to effectiveness in delivery than writing does, it contributes more to your habit of readiness. But when you do write, I do not think it best for you to write these madeâup school exercises; yet if you must write, take one of the speeches that you enjoy reading, preferably one of Xenophon's, and either oppose what he said, or advance the same arguments in a different way. |
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| 17. Theon Aelius, Exercises, 71 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •dionysius of halicarnassus, imitation of herodotus by •dionysius of halicarnassus, mimesis and imitation Found in books: Kirkland (2022), Herodotus and Imperial Greek Literature: Criticism, Imitation, Reception, 58 |
| 18. Plutarch, Table Talk, None (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Konig and Wiater (2022), Late Hellenistic Greek Literature in Dialogue, 337; König and Wiater (2022), Late Hellenistic Greek Literature in Dialogue, 337 |
| 19. Hermogenes, Rhetorical Exercises, 22 (2nd cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •dionysius of halicarnassus, imitation of herodotus by •dionysius of halicarnassus, mimesis and imitation Found in books: Kirkland (2022), Herodotus and Imperial Greek Literature: Criticism, Imitation, Reception, 58 |
| 20. Marcellinus, Vita Thucydidis, 49, 48 (4th cent. CE - 5th cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Kirkland (2022), Herodotus and Imperial Greek Literature: Criticism, Imitation, Reception, 67 |
| 21. Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Letter To Pompeius, 3.1, 3.2, 3.2-6.11, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 3.10, 3.11, 3.12, 3.13, 3.14, 3.15, 3.16, 3.17, 3.18, 3.19, 3.20, 3.21, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 5, 6 Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Konig and Wiater (2022), Late Hellenistic Greek Literature in Dialogue, 339 |
| 22. Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Letter To Pompeius, 3.1, 3.2-6.11, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 3.10, 3.11, 3.12, 3.13, 3.14, 3.15, 3.16, 3.17, 3.18, 3.19, 3.20, 3.21, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 5, 6 Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: König and Wiater (2022), Late Hellenistic Greek Literature in Dialogue, 339, 340 |
| 23. Dionysius of Halycarnassus, Fr., 7, 1 Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: König and Wiater (2022), Late Hellenistic Greek Literature in Dialogue, 325 |
| 24. Plutarch, De Herod. Malig., None Tagged with subjects: •dionysius of halicarnassus, imitation of herodotus by Found in books: Kirkland (2022), Herodotus and Imperial Greek Literature: Criticism, Imitation, Reception, 67 |
| 25. Dionysius of Halycarnassus, Epitome, Fr., 1.1-1.5, 3.3 Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Kirkland (2022), Herodotus and Imperial Greek Literature: Criticism, Imitation, Reception, 60, 61, 62, 63 |
| 26. Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Amm. I, 2, 1 Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Kirkland (2022), Herodotus and Imperial Greek Literature: Criticism, Imitation, Reception, 70 |
