1. Hebrew Bible, Deuteronomy, 7.26, 13.17, 27.19 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •devotion, to god Found in books: Mathews (2013), Riches, Poverty, and the Faithful: Perspectives on Wealth in the Second Temple Period and the Apocalypse of John, 95| 7.26. "וְלֹא־תָבִיא תוֹעֵבָה אֶל־בֵּיתֶךָ וְהָיִיתָ חֵרֶם כָּמֹהוּ שַׁקֵּץ תְּשַׁקְּצֶנּוּ וְתַעֵב תְּתַעֲבֶנּוּ כִּי־חֵרֶם הוּא׃", 13.17. "וְאֶת־כָּל־שְׁלָלָהּ תִּקְבֹּץ אֶל־תּוֹךְ רְחֹבָהּ וְשָׂרַפְתָּ בָאֵשׁ אֶת־הָעִיר וְאֶת־כָּל־שְׁלָלָהּ כָּלִיל לַיהוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ וְהָיְתָה תֵּל עוֹלָם לֹא תִבָּנֶה עוֹד׃", 27.19. "אָרוּר מַטֶּה מִשְׁפַּט גֵּר־יָתוֹם וְאַלְמָנָה וְאָמַר כָּל־הָעָם אָמֵן׃", | 7.26. "And thou shalt not bring an abomination into thy house, and be accursed like unto it; thou shalt utterly detest it, and thou shalt utterly abhor it; for it is a devoted thing.", 13.17. "And thou shalt gather all the spoil of it into the midst of the broad place thereof, and shall burn with fire the city, and all the spoil thereof every whit, unto the LORD thy God; and it shall be a heap for ever; it shall not be built again.", 27.19. "Cursed be he that perverteth the justice due to the stranger, fatherless, and widow. And all the people shall say: Amen.", |
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2. Hebrew Bible, Genesis, 36.12, 36.22, 36.29 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •devotion, to god of israel Found in books: Lavee (2017), The Rabbinic Conversion of Judaism The Unique Perspective of the Bavli on Conversion and the Construction of Jewish Identity, 114| 36.12. "וְתִמְנַע הָיְתָה פִילֶגֶשׁ לֶאֱלִיפַז בֶּן־עֵשָׂו וַתֵּלֶד לֶאֱלִיפַז אֶת־עֲמָלֵק אֵלֶּה בְּנֵי עָדָה אֵשֶׁת עֵשָׂו׃", 36.22. "וַיִּהְיוּ בְנֵי־לוֹטָן חֹרִי וְהֵימָם וַאֲחוֹת לוֹטָן תִּמְנָע׃", 36.29. "אֵלֶּה אַלּוּפֵי הַחֹרִי אַלּוּף לוֹטָן אַלּוּף שׁוֹבָל אַלּוּף צִבְעוֹן אַלּוּף עֲנָה׃", | 36.12. "And Timna was concubine to Eliphaz Esau’s son; and she bore to Eliphaz Amalek. These are the sons of Adah Esau’s wife.", 36.22. "And the children of Lotan were Hori and Hemam; and Lotan’s sister was Timna.", 36.29. "These are the chiefs that came of the Horites: the chief of Lotan, the chief of Shobal, the chief of Zibeon, the chief of Anah,", |
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3. Hebrew Bible, Psalms, 1.2 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •devotion, to god Found in books: Mathews (2013), Riches, Poverty, and the Faithful: Perspectives on Wealth in the Second Temple Period and the Apocalypse of John, 87| 1.2. "כִּי אִם בְּתוֹרַת יְהוָה חֶפְצוֹ וּבְתוֹרָתוֹ יֶהְגֶּה יוֹמָם וָלָיְלָה׃", | 1.2. "But his delight is in the law of the LORD; and in His law doth he meditate day and night.", |
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4. Hebrew Bible, Leviticus, 27.28-27.29 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •devotion, to god Found in books: Mathews (2013), Riches, Poverty, and the Faithful: Perspectives on Wealth in the Second Temple Period and the Apocalypse of John, 95| 27.28. "אַךְ־כָּל־חֵרֶם אֲשֶׁר יַחֲרִם אִישׁ לַיהוָה מִכָּל־אֲשֶׁר־לוֹ מֵאָדָם וּבְהֵמָה וּמִשְּׂדֵה אֲחֻזָּתוֹ לֹא יִמָּכֵר וְלֹא יִגָּאֵל כָּל־חֵרֶם קֹדֶשׁ־קָדָשִׁים הוּא לַיהוָה׃", 27.29. "כָּל־חֵרֶם אֲשֶׁר יָחֳרַם מִן־הָאָדָם לֹא יִפָּדֶה מוֹת יוּמָת׃", | 27.28. "Notwithstanding, no devoted thing, that a man may devote unto the LORD of all that he hath, whether of man or beast, or of the field of his possession, shall be sold or redeemed; every devoted thing is most holy unto the LORD.", 27.29. "None devoted, that may be devoted of men, shall be ransomed; he shall surely be put to death.", |
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5. Hebrew Bible, Numbers, 14.18 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •devotion, to god Found in books: Mathews (2013), Riches, Poverty, and the Faithful: Perspectives on Wealth in the Second Temple Period and the Apocalypse of John, 95| 14.18. "יְהוָה אֶרֶךְ אַפַּיִם וְרַב־חֶסֶד נֹשֵׂא עָוֺן וָפָשַׁע וְנַקֵּה לֹא יְנַקֶּה פֹּקֵד עֲוֺן אָבוֹת עַל־בָּנִים עַל־שִׁלֵּשִׁים וְעַל־רִבֵּעִים׃", | 14.18. "The LORD is slow to anger, and plenteous in lovingkindness, forgiving iniquity and transgression, and that will by no means clear the guilty; visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children, upon the third and upon the fourth generation.", |
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6. Hebrew Bible, Isaiah, 10.2, 14.1 (8th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •devotion, to god •devotion, to god of israel Found in books: Lavee (2017), The Rabbinic Conversion of Judaism The Unique Perspective of the Bavli on Conversion and the Construction of Jewish Identity, 59; Mathews (2013), Riches, Poverty, and the Faithful: Perspectives on Wealth in the Second Temple Period and the Apocalypse of John, 95| 10.2. "לְהַטּוֹת מִדִּין דַּלִּים וְלִגְזֹל מִשְׁפַּט עֲנִיֵּי עַמִּי לִהְיוֹת אַלְמָנוֹת שְׁלָלָם וְאֶת־יְתוֹמִים יָבֹזּוּ׃", 10.2. "וְהָיָה בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא לֹא־יוֹסִיף עוֹד שְׁאָר יִשְׂרָאֵל וּפְלֵיטַת בֵּית־יַעֲקֹב לְהִשָּׁעֵן עַל־מַכֵּהוּ וְנִשְׁעַן עַל־יְהוָה קְדוֹשׁ יִשְׂרָאֵל בֶּאֱמֶת׃", 14.1. "כֻּלָּם יַעֲנוּ וְיֹאמְרוּ אֵלֶיךָ גַּם־אַתָּה חֻלֵּיתָ כָמוֹנוּ אֵלֵינוּ נִמְשָׁלְתָּ׃", 14.1. "כִּי יְרַחֵם יְהוָה אֶת־יַעֲקֹב וּבָחַר עוֹד בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל וְהִנִּיחָם עַל־אַדְמָתָם וְנִלְוָה הַגֵּר עֲלֵיהֶם וְנִסְפְּחוּ עַל־בֵּית יַעֲקֹב׃", | 10.2. "To turn aside the needy from judgment, And to take away the right of the poor of My people, That widows may be their spoil, And that they may make the fatherless their prey!", 14.1. "For the LORD will have compassion on Jacob, and will yet choose Israel, and set them in their own land; and the stranger shall join himself with them, and they shall cleave to the house of Jacob.", |
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7. Hebrew Bible, Joshua, 1.8, 6.18, 7.13 (8th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •devotion, to god Found in books: Mathews (2013), Riches, Poverty, and the Faithful: Perspectives on Wealth in the Second Temple Period and the Apocalypse of John, 87, 95| 1.8. "לֹא־יָמוּשׁ סֵפֶר הַתּוֹרָה הַזֶּה מִפִּיךָ וְהָגִיתָ בּוֹ יוֹמָם וָלַיְלָה לְמַעַן תִּשְׁמֹר לַעֲשׂוֹת כְּכָל־הַכָּתוּב בּוֹ כִּי־אָז תַּצְלִיחַ אֶת־דְּרָכֶךָ וְאָז תַּשְׂכִּיל׃", 6.18. "וְרַק־אַתֶּם שִׁמְרוּ מִן־הַחֵרֶם פֶּן־תַּחֲרִימוּ וּלְקַחְתֶּם מִן־הַחֵרֶם וְשַׂמְתֶּם אֶת־מַחֲנֵה יִשְׂרָאֵל לְחֵרֶם וַעֲכַרְתֶּם אוֹתוֹ׃", 7.13. "קֻם קַדֵּשׁ אֶת־הָעָם וְאָמַרְתָּ הִתְקַדְּשׁוּ לְמָחָר כִּי כֹה אָמַר יְהוָה אֱלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל חֵרֶם בְּקִרְבְּךָ יִשְׂרָאֵל לֹא תוּכַל לָקוּם לִפְנֵי אֹיְבֶיךָ עַד־הֲסִירְכֶם הַחֵרֶם מִקִּרְבְּכֶם׃", | 1.8. "This book of the law shall not depart out of thy mouth, but thou shalt meditate therein day and night, that thou mayest observe to do according to all that is written therein; for then thou shalt make thy ways prosperous, and then thou shalt have good success.", 6.18. "And ye, in any wise keep yourselves from the devoted thing, lest ye make yourselves accursed by taking of the devoted thing, so should ye make the camp of Israel accursed, and trouble it.", 7.13. "Up, sanctify the people, and say: Sanctify yourselves against tomorrow; for thus saith the LORD, the God of Israel: There is a curse in the midst of thee, O Israel; thou canst not stand before thine enemies, until ye take away the accursed thing from among you.", |
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8. Hebrew Bible, Ezekiel, 44.29 (6th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •devotion, to god Found in books: Mathews (2013), Riches, Poverty, and the Faithful: Perspectives on Wealth in the Second Temple Period and the Apocalypse of John, 95| 44.29. "הַמִּנְחָה וְהַחַטָּאת וְהָאָשָׁם הֵמָּה יֹאכְלוּם וְכָל־חֵרֶם בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל לָהֶם יִהְיֶה׃", | 44.29. "The meal-offering, and the sin-offering, and the guilt-offering, they, even they, shall eat; and every devoted thing in Israel shall be theirs.", |
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9. Anon., 1 Enoch, 11.1, 45.4-45.6, 48.7, 54.6, 56.4, 89.41-89.49, 90.9-90.12, 91.13, 108.10, 108.12 (3rd cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •devotion, to god Found in books: Mathews (2013), Riches, Poverty, and the Faithful: Perspectives on Wealth in the Second Temple Period and the Apocalypse of John, 138, 195 | 11.1. And in those days I will open the store chambers of blessing which are in the heaven, so as to send 45.4. Then will I cause Mine Elect One to dwell among them.And I will transform the heaven and make it an eternal blessing and light" 45.5. And I will transform the earth and make it a blessing:And I will cause Mine elect ones to dwell upon it: But the sinners and evil-doers shall not set foot thereon." 45.6. For I have provided and satisfied with peace My righteous ones And have caused them to dwell before Me:But for the sinners there is judgement impending with Me, So that I shall destroy them from the face of the earth. 48.7. And the wisdom of the Lord of Spirits hath revealed him to the holy and righteous; For he hath preserved the lot of the righteous, Because they have hated and despised this world of unrighteousness, And have hated all its works and ways in the name of the Lord of Spirits: For in his name they are saved, And according to his good pleasure hath it been in regard to their life. 54.6. And Michael, and Gabriel, and Raphael, and Phanuel shall take hold of them on that great day, and cast them on that day into the burning furnace, that the Lord of Spirits may take vengeance on them for their unrighteousness in becoming subject to Satan and leading astray those who dwell on the earth.' 56.4. And then that valley shall be filled with their elect and beloved, And the days of their lives shall be at an end, And the days of their leading astray shall not thenceforward be reckoned. 89.41. And sometimes their eyes were opened, and sometimes blinded, till another sheep arose and led them and brought them all back, and their eyes were opened. 89.42. And the dogs and the foxes and the wild boars began to devour those sheep till the Lord of the sheep raised up [another sheep] a ram from their" 89.43. midst, which led them. And that ram began to butt on either side those dogs, foxes, and wild 89.44. boars till he had destroyed them all. And that sheep whose eyes were opened saw that ram, which was amongst the sheep, till it forsook its glory and began to butt those sheep, and trampled upon them, and behaved itself 89.45. unseemly. And the Lord of the sheep sent the lamb to another lamb and raised it to being a ram and leader of the sheep instead of that" 89.46. ram which had forsaken its glory. And it went to it and spake to it alone, and raised it to being a ram, and made it the prince and leader of the sheep; but during all these things those dog 89.47. oppressed the sheep. And the first ram pursued that second ram, and that second ram arose and fled before it; and I saw till those dogs pulled 89.48. down the first ram. And that second ram arose" 89.49. and led the [little] sheep. And those sheep grew and multiplied; but all the dogs, and foxes, and wild boars feared and fled before it, and that ram butted and killed the wild beasts, and those wild beasts had no longer any power among the 90.9. in pieces and devoured them. And I saw till horns grew upon those lambs, and the ravens cast down their horns; and I saw till there sprouted a great horn of one of those sheep, and their eye 90.11. rams saw it and all ran to it. And notwithstanding all this those eagles and vultures and ravens and kites still kept tearing the sheep and swooping down upon them and devouring them: still the sheep remained silent, but the rams lamented and cried out. And those ravens fought and battled with it and sought to lay low its horn, but they had no power over it. All the eagles and vultures and ravens and kites were gathered together, and there came with them all the sheep of the field, yea, they all came together, and helped each other to break that horn of the ram. 91.13. And at its close they shall acquire houses through their righteousness, And a house shall be built for the Great King in glory for evermore, 108.12. with such honour as their faithfulness deserved. And I will bring forth in shining light those who" |
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| 10. Dead Sea Scrolls, Temple Scroll, 54.12 (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •devotion, to god Found in books: Mathews (2013), Riches, Poverty, and the Faithful: Perspectives on Wealth in the Second Temple Period and the Apocalypse of John, 138 |
| 11. Dead Sea Scrolls, Rule of The Communityb, 18.5-18.6 (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •devotion, to god Found in books: Mathews (2013), Riches, Poverty, and the Faithful: Perspectives on Wealth in the Second Temple Period and the Apocalypse of John, 107 |
| 12. Dead Sea Scrolls, Hodayot, 6.31, 7.22-7.23 (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •devotion, to god Found in books: Mathews (2013), Riches, Poverty, and the Faithful: Perspectives on Wealth in the Second Temple Period and the Apocalypse of John, 138 |
| 13. Dead Sea Scrolls, Community Rule, None (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Mathews (2013), Riches, Poverty, and the Faithful: Perspectives on Wealth in the Second Temple Period and the Apocalypse of John, 107 |
| 14. Dead Sea Scrolls, Aramaic Levi Document, 13.10-13.14 (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •devotion, to god Found in books: Mathews (2013), Riches, Poverty, and the Faithful: Perspectives on Wealth in the Second Temple Period and the Apocalypse of John, 87, 138 |
| 15. Dead Sea Scrolls, (Cairo Damascus Covenant) Cd-A, None (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Mathews (2013), Riches, Poverty, and the Faithful: Perspectives on Wealth in the Second Temple Period and the Apocalypse of John, 138 |
| 16. Dead Sea Scrolls, Pesher On Habakkuk, 8.9-8.13 (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •devotion, to god Found in books: Mathews (2013), Riches, Poverty, and the Faithful: Perspectives on Wealth in the Second Temple Period and the Apocalypse of John, 138 |
| 17. Dead Sea Scrolls, Damascus Covenant, None (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Mathews (2013), Riches, Poverty, and the Faithful: Perspectives on Wealth in the Second Temple Period and the Apocalypse of John, 138 |
| 18. Dead Sea Scrolls, 4Q418, None (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •devotion, to god Found in books: Mathews (2013), Riches, Poverty, and the Faithful: Perspectives on Wealth in the Second Temple Period and the Apocalypse of John, 87 |
19. Septuagint, 2 Maccabees, 3.9-3.12 (2nd cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •devotion, to god Found in books: Mathews (2013), Riches, Poverty, and the Faithful: Perspectives on Wealth in the Second Temple Period and the Apocalypse of John, 95 | 3.9. When he had arrived at Jerusalem and had been kindly welcomed by the high priest of the city, he told about the disclosure that had been made and stated why he had come, and he inquired whether this really was the situation.' 3.10. The high priest explained that there were some deposits belonging to widows and orphans,' 3.11. and also some money of Hyrcanus, son of Tobias, a man of very prominent position, and that it totaled in all four hundred talents of silver and two hundred of gold. To such an extent the impious Simon had misrepresented the facts.' 3.12. And he said that it was utterly impossible that wrong should be done to those people who had trusted in the holiness of the place and in the sanctity and inviolability of the temple which is honored throughout the whole world." |
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20. Septuagint, Wisdom of Solomon, 1.16, 3.5-3.6, 5.15-5.16 (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •devotion, to god Found in books: Mathews (2013), Riches, Poverty, and the Faithful: Perspectives on Wealth in the Second Temple Period and the Apocalypse of John, 138 | 1.16. But ungodly men by their words and deeds summoned death;considering him a friend, they pined away,and they made a covet with him,because they are fit to belong to his party. 3.5. Having been disciplined a little, they will receive great good,because God tested them and found them worthy of himself; 3.6. like gold in the furnace he tried them,and like a sacrificial burnt offering he accepted them. 5.15. But the righteous live for ever,and their reward is with the Lord;the Most High takes care of them. 5.16. Therefore they will receive a glorious crown and a beautiful diadem from the hand of the Lord,because with his right hand he will cover them,and with his arm he will shield them. |
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| 21. Dead Sea Scrolls, War Scroll, 16.11, 16.15, 17.1 (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •devotion, to god Found in books: Mathews (2013), Riches, Poverty, and the Faithful: Perspectives on Wealth in the Second Temple Period and the Apocalypse of John, 138 |
| 22. Anon., Sibylline Oracles, 3.63-3.70, 3.780-3.786 (1st cent. BCE - 5th cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •devotion, to god Found in books: Mathews (2013), Riches, Poverty, and the Faithful: Perspectives on Wealth in the Second Temple Period and the Apocalypse of John, 138, 195 |
| 23. New Testament, Acts, 15 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •devotion, to god of israel Found in books: Lavee (2017), The Rabbinic Conversion of Judaism The Unique Perspective of the Bavli on Conversion and the Construction of Jewish Identity, 59 |
24. New Testament, Apocalypse, 2.20 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •devotion, to god Found in books: Mathews (2013), Riches, Poverty, and the Faithful: Perspectives on Wealth in the Second Temple Period and the Apocalypse of John, 195| 2.20. ἀλλὰ ἔχω κατὰ σοῦ ὅτι ἀφεῖς τὴν γυναῖκα Ἰεζάβελ, ἡ λέγουσα ἑαυτὴν προφῆτιν, καὶ διδάσκει καὶ πλανᾷ τοὺς ἐμοὺς δούλουςπορνεῦσαι καὶ φαγεῖν εἰδωλόθυτα. | 2.20. But I have this against you, that you tolerate your woman, Jezebel, who calls herself a prophetess. She teaches and seduces my servants to commit sexual immorality, and to eat things sacrificed to idols. |
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25. New Testament, Luke, 20.47 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •devotion, to god Found in books: Mathews (2013), Riches, Poverty, and the Faithful: Perspectives on Wealth in the Second Temple Period and the Apocalypse of John, 95| 20.47. οἳ κατεσθίουσιν τὰς οἰκίας τῶν χηρῶν καὶ προφάσει μακρὰ προσεύχονται· οὗτοι λήμψονται περισσότερον κρίμα. | 20.47. who devour widows' houses, and for a pretense make long prayers: these will receive greater condemnation." |
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26. New Testament, Mark, 12.40 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •devotion, to god Found in books: Mathews (2013), Riches, Poverty, and the Faithful: Perspectives on Wealth in the Second Temple Period and the Apocalypse of John, 95| 12.40. οἱ κατέσθοντες τὰς οἰκίας τῶν χηρῶν καὶ προφάσει μακρὰ προσευχόμενοι· οὗτοι λήμψονται περισσότερον κρίμα. | 12.40. those who devour widows' houses, and for a pretense make long prayers. These will receive greater condemnation." |
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27. Babylonian Talmud, Sanhedrin, None (3rd cent. CE - 6th cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •devotion, to god of israel Found in books: Lavee (2017), The Rabbinic Conversion of Judaism The Unique Perspective of the Bavli on Conversion and the Construction of Jewish Identity, 114| 93a. גדולים צדיקים יותר ממלאכי השרת שנאמר (דניאל ג, כה) ענה ואמר הא אנא חזי גוברין ארבעה שריין מהלכין בגו נורא וחבל לא איתי בהון ורויה די רביעאה דמה לבר אלהין,אמר ר' תנחום בר חנילאי בשעה שיצאו חנניה מישאל ועזריה מכבשן האש באו כל אומות העולם וטפחו לשונאיהן של ישראל על פניהם אמרו להם יש לכם אלוה כזה ואתם משתחוים לצלם מיד פתחו ואמרו (דניאל ט, ז) לך ה' הצדקה ולנו בושת הפנים כיום הזה,אמר ר' שמואל בר נחמני אמר ר' יונתן מאי דכתיב (שיר השירים ז, ט) אמרתי אעלה בתמר אוחזה בסנסניו אמרתי אעלה בתמר אלו ישראל ועכשיו לא עלה בידי אלא סנסן אחד של חנניה מישאל ועזריה,אמר רבי יוחנן מאי דכתיב (זכריה א, ח) ראיתי הלילה והנה איש רוכב על סוס אדום והוא עומד בין ההדסים אשר במצולה [וגו'] מאי ראיתי הלילה ביקש הקב"ה להפוך את כל העולם כולו ללילה והנה איש רוכב אין איש אלא הקב"ה שנאמר (שמות טו, ג) ה' איש מלחמה ה' שמו על סוס אדום ביקש הקב"ה להפוך את העולם כולו לדם,כיון שנסתכל בחנניה מישאל ועזריה נתקררה דעתו שנאמר (זכריה א, ח) והוא עומד בין ההדסים אשר במצולה ואין הדסים אלא צדיקים שנאמר (אסתר ב, ז) ויהי אומן את הדסה ואין מצולה אלא בבל שנאמר (ישעיהו מד, כז) האומר לצולה חרבי ונהרותיך אוביש מיד מלאים רוגז נעשים שרוקים ואדומים נעשו לבנים אמר רב פפא שמע מינה סוסיא חיורא מעלי לחלמא:,ורבנן להיכא (אזול) [אזלו] אמר רב בעין [הרע] מתו ושמואל אמר ברוק טבעו ור' יוחנן אמר עלו לארץ ישראל ונשאו נשים והולידו בנים ובנות,כתנאי ר' אליעזר אומר בעין [הרע] מתו ר' יהושע אומר ברוק טבעו וחכ"א עלו לא"י ונשאו נשים והולידו בנים ובנות שנאמר (זכריה ג, ח) שמע נא יהושע הכהן הגדול אתה ורעיך היושבים לפניך כי אנשי מופת המה איזו הם אנשים שנעשה להן מופת הוי אומר זה חנניה מישאל ועזריה,ודניאל להיכן אזל אמר רב למיכרא נהרא רבא בטבריא ושמואל אמר לאתויי ביזרא דאספסתא ור' יוחנן אמר לאתויי חזירי דאלכסנדריא של מצרים איני והתניא תודוס הרופא אמר אין פרה וחזירה יוצא מאלכסנדריא של מצרים שאין חותכין האם שלה בשביל שלא תלד זוטרי אייתי בלא דעתייהו,ת"ר שלשה היו באותה עצה הקב"ה ודניאל ונבוכדנצר הקב"ה אמר ניזיל דניאל מהכא דלא לימרו בזכותיה איתנצל,ודניאל אמר איזיל מהכא דלא ליקיים בי (דברים ז, כה) פסילי אלהיהם תשרפון באש,ונבוכדנצר אמר יזיל דניאל מהכא דלא לימרו קלייה לאלהיה בנורא ומניין דסגיד ליה דכתיב (דניאל ב, מו) באדין מלכא נבוכדנצר נפל על אנפוהי ולדניאל סגיד וגו':,(ירמיהו כט, כא) כה אמר ה' צבאות אלהי ישראל אל אחאב בן קוליה ואל צדקיה בן מעשיה הנבאים לכם בשמי לשקר וגו' וכתיב (ירמיהו כט, כב) ולוקח מהם קללה לכל גלות יהודה אשר בבבל לאמר ישימך ה' כצדקיהו וכאחאב אשר קלם מלך בבל באש אשר שרפם לא נאמר אלא אשר קלם אמר רבי יוחנן משום ר' שמעון בן יוחי מלמד שעשאן כקליות,(ירמיהו כט, כג) יען אשר עשו נבלה בישראל וינאפו את נשי רעיהם מאי עבוד אזול לגבי ברתיה דנבוכדנצר אחאב אמר לה כה אמר ה' השמיעי אל צדקיה וצדקיה אמר כה אמר ה' השמיעי אל אחאב אזלה ואמרה ליה לאבוה אמר לה אלהיהם של אלו שונא זימה הוא כי אתו לגבך שדרינהו לגבאי,כי אתו לגבה שדרתנהו לגבי אבוה אמר להו מאן אמר לכון אמרו הקדוש ברוך הוא והא חנניה מישאל ועזריה שאלתינהו ואמרו לי אסור אמרו ליה אנן נמי נביאי כוותייהו לדידהו לא אמר להו לדידן אמר לן אמר להו אנא בעינא דאיבדקינכו כי היכי דבדקתינהו לחנניה מישאל ועזריה,אמרו ליה אינון תלתא הוו ואנן תרין אמר להו בחרו לכון מאן דבעיתו בהדייכו אמרו יהושע כהן גדול סברי ליתי יהושע דנפיש זכותיה ומגנא עלן,אחתיוהו שדינהו אינהו איקלו יהושע כהן גדול איחרוכי מאניה שנאמר (זכריה ג, א) ויראני את יהושע הכהן הגדול עומד לפני מלאך ה' וגו' וכתיב (זכריה ג, ב) ויאמר ה' אל השטן יגער ה' בך וגו',א"ל ידענא דצדיקא את אלא מאי טעמא אהניא בך פורתא נורא חנניה מישאל ועזריה לא אהניא בהו כלל א"ל אינהו תלתא הוו ואנא חד א"ל והא אברהם יחיד הוה התם לא הוו רשעים בהדיה ולא אתיהיב רשותא לנורא הכא הוו רשעים בהדי ואתיהיב רשותא לנורא היינו דאמרי אינשי תרי אודי יבישי וחד רטיבא אוקדן יבישי לרטיבא,מאי טעמא איענש אמר רב פפא שהיו בניו נושאין נשים שאינן הגונות לכהונה ולא מיחה בהן שנאמר (זכריה ג, ג) ויהושע היה לבוש בגדים צואים וכי דרכו של יהושע ללבוש בגדים צואים אלא מלמד שהיו בניו נושאים נשים שאינן הגונות לכהונה ולא מיחה בהן,אמר רבי תנחום דרש בר קפרא בציפורי מאי דכתיב (רות ג, יז) שש השעורים האלה נתן לי מאי שש השעורים אילימא שש שעורים ממש וכי דרכו של בועז ליתן מתנה שש שעורים | 93a. b The righteous are greater than the ministering angels, as it is stated: “He answered and said: I see four men unbound, walking in the midst of the fire, and they have no hurt; and the appearance of the fourth is like a son of the gods” /b (Daniel 3:25). Nebuchadnezzar saw three righteous people and an angel in the fire of the furnace and noted the presence of the righteous people before noting the presence of the angel.,§ b Rabbi Tanḥum bar Ḥanilai says: At the moment that Haiah, Mishael, and Azariah emerged from the fiery furnace, all the nations of the world came and struck the enemies of Israel, /b a euphemism for the Jewish people, b in the face /b and b said to them: You have a God /b with capabilities b like that and you bow to the graven image? Immediately /b Haiah, Mishael, and Azariah b began and said: “Lord, righteousness is Yours, but we are shamefaced, as of this day” /b (Daniel 9:7)., b Rabbi Shmuel bar Naḥmani says /b that b Rabbi Yonatan says /b on a similar note: b What /b is the meaning of that b which is written: “I said: I will climb into the palm tree; I will grasp its boughs” /b (Song of Songs 7:9)? b “I said: I will climb into the palm tree”; this is /b a reference to b the Jewish people, /b who are likened to a palm tree, as they are upright and have one heart directed toward their Father in Heaven. God continues: b And now /b that I have tested them by means of the decrees of Nebuchadnezzar, b I have succeeded /b in grasping b in My hand only /b the b one bough of Haiah, Mishael, and Azariah, /b as only they were willing to give their lives., b Rabbi Yoḥa says: What /b is the meaning of that b which is written: “I saw the night, and behold, a man riding upon a red horse, and he stood among the myrtle bushes that were in the depths” /b (Zechariah 1:8)? b What /b is the meaning of the phrase b “I saw the night”? The Holy One, Blessed be He, sought to transform the entire world into night /b and destroy it, as there were no righteous people. b “And behold, a man riding”; /b the word b “man” /b is referring to b no /b one b but the Holy One, Blessed be He, as it is stated: “The Lord is a man of war, The Lord is His name” /b (Exodus 15:3). b “Upon a red horse” /b alludes to the fact that b the Holy One, Blessed be He, sought to transform the whole world into blood. /b , b Once He looked at Haiah, Mishael, and Azariah He was placated, as it is stated: “And he stood among the myrtle bushes [ i hadassim /i ] that were in the depths [ i bametzula /i ].” And i hadassim /i /b is referring to b no /b one b but the righteous, as it is stated: “And he raised Hadassah, /b that is Esther, his uncle’s daughter” (Esther 2:7). Hadassah is an appellation for the righteous Esther. b And i metzula /i /b is referring to b no /b place b but Babylonia, as it is stated /b with regard to the downfall of Babylonia: b “That says to the deep [ i latzula /i ]: Be dry, and I will dry up your rivers” /b (Isaiah 44:27). b Immediately /b those messengers, in the form of horses, b filled with anger /b and b became gray, and /b those who were b red became white. Rav Pappa says: Conclude from it /b that seeing b a white horse /b in a dream b is a good /b portent b for /b that b dream, /b as it presages peace and quiet.,The Gemara asks: b And /b with regard to b the Sages, /b Haiah, Mishael, and Azariah, b where did they go /b after their miraculous deliverance, as there is no further mention of them? b Rav says: They died /b as the result b of the evil eye, /b as everyone was jealous of their deliverance. b And Shmuel says: They drowned in the spittle /b of the nations of the world who held the Jewish people in contempt due to their failure to serve God in the appropriate manner. b And Rabbi Yoḥa says: They ascended to Eretz Yisrael and married women and fathered sons and daughters. /b ,The Gemara comments: This amoraic dispute is b parallel to /b a dispute between b i tanna’im /i . Rabbi Eliezer says: They died /b as the result b of the evil eye. Rabbi Yehoshua says: They drowned in the spittle. And the Rabbis say: They ascended to Eretz Yisrael and married women and fathered sons and daughters, as it is stated: “Hear now, Joshua the High Priest, you and your fellows who sit before you, for they are men of wonder” /b (Zechariah 3:8). b Who are the people who had a wonder performed for them /b in that generation? b You must say that /b it is b Haiah, Mishael, and Azariah. /b ,The Gemara asks: b And where did Daniel go? /b He certainly did not bow to the graven image, and he was not cast into the furnace. Apparently, he was elsewhere. b Rav says: /b He went b to dig the great river in Tiberias. And Shmuel says: /b Daniel went b to bring /b choice b alfalfa seed /b from a distance, and therefore he was not in Babylonia. b And Rabbi Yoḥa says: /b He went b to bring the /b high-quality b pigs of Alexandria of Egypt. /b The Gemara asks: b Is that so /b that he went to bring the pigs? b But isn’t it taught /b in a i baraita /i that b Theodosius the doctor says: No cow or sow emerges from Alexandria of Egypt whose womb is not severed so that it will not give birth? /b The Gemara answers: They were b small /b pigs that b he brought without the knowledge of /b the people of Alexandria., b The Sages taught: Three were /b partners b in that plan /b to ensure that Daniel would not be in Babylonia when the decree of persecution was in effect: b The Holy One, Blessed be He; Daniel; and Nebuchadnezzar. The Holy One, Blessed be He, said: Let Daniel go from here, so that /b people b would not say /b that Haiah, Mishael, and Azariah b were delivered /b from the fiery furnace b due to the virtue of /b Daniel, rather than due to their own righteousness., b And Daniel said /b to himself: b I will go /b away b from here so /b that this verse b will not be fulfilled in my /b regard: b “The graven images of their gods shall you burn with fire” /b (Deuteronomy 7:25). Daniel was concerned that because Nebuchadnezzar worshipped him like a deity, his legal status was that of an idol, and he would be burned., b And Nebuchadnezzar said: Daniel should go /b away b from here so that /b the people b will not say: /b Nebuchadnezzar b burned his god in fire. And from where /b is it derived b that /b Nebuchadnezzar b worshipped /b Daniel? It is derived from a verse, b as it is written: “Then the king Nebuchadnezzar fell upon his face and worshipped Daniel /b and commanded that they should offer an offering and pleasing aromas to him” (Daniel 2:46).,§ Apropos the deliverance of Haiah, Mishael, and Azariah, the Gemara cites the verses: b “So says the Lord of hosts, the God of Israel, concerning Ahab, son of Kolaiah, and of Zedekiah, son of Maaseiah, who prophesy to you a lie in My name: /b Behold, I will deliver them into the hand of Nebuchadrezzar, king of Babylonia; and he shall slay them before your eyes” (Jeremiah 29:21). b And it is written: “And of them shall be taken a curse by all the captivity of Judea, who are in Babylonia, saying: May the Lord make you like Zedekiah and like Ahab, whom the king of Babylonia toasted in the fire” /b (Jeremiah 29:22). It b is not stated: Whom /b the king of Babylonia b burned, but “whom /b the king of Babylonia b toasted.” Rabbi Yoḥa said in the name of Rabbi Shimon ben Yoḥai: This teaches that he rendered them like toasted wheat, /b which is toasted on all sides.,The verse states: b “Because they have committed baseness in Israel, and have committed adultery with the wives of their neighbors” /b (Jeremiah 29:23). b What did they do? /b The Gemara relates: b They went to the daughter of Nebuchadnezzar. Ahab said to her: So says the Lord: Submit to Zedekiah /b and engage in intercourse with him. b And Zedekiah said /b to her: b So says the Lord: Submit to Ahab /b and engage in intercourse with him. b She went and said to her father /b what they said to her. Nebuchadnezzar b said to her: The God of these /b people b abhors lewdness, /b so this is likely a false prophecy. b When they come to you, send them to me. /b , b When they came to her, she sent them to her father. /b Nebuchadnezzar b said to them: Who told you /b to do this? b They said: /b It was b the Holy One, Blessed be He. /b Nebuchadnezzar said: b But haven’t I have asked Haiah, Mishael, and Azariah /b about this b and they said to me: It is prohibited? They said to him: We too are prophets like they are. /b God b did not say /b this prophecy b to them; He said /b it b to us. /b Nebuchadnezzar b said to them: /b If so, b I wish to put you to the test /b to determine if you are righteous, b just as I put Haiah, Mishael, and Azariah to the test. /b ,Ahab and Zedekiah b said to /b Nebuchadnezzar: b They were three and we are /b only b two, /b and our merit is not great enough to save us from the fire. Nebuchadnezzar b said to them: Choose for yourselves /b a third person, b whomever you wish, /b to be put to the test b with you. They said /b to him: We choose b Joshua the High Priest. /b They chose him because b they thought: Let Joshua /b the High Priest b come /b with us, b since his merit is great and it will protect us. /b , b They took /b the three of b them down /b and b cast them /b into the furnace. b They were burned, /b and as for b Joshua the High Priest, his garments were singed, as it is stated: “And He showed me Joshua the High Priest, standing before the angel of the Lord, /b and Satan was standing at his right to thwart him” (Zechariah 3:1). b And it is written: “And the Lord said to Satan, the Lord shall rebuke you, /b Satan, the Lord Who has chosen Jerusalem shall rebuke you; is this man not a firebrand plucked from fire?” (Zechariah 3:2). This is an allusion to the fact that he was delivered from the fiery furnace, although he was slightly singed.,Nebuchadnezzar b said to /b Joshua the High Priest: b I know you are righteous /b because you were delivered from the fire, b but what is the reason /b that b the fire was slightly effective concerning you, /b and for b Haiah, Mishael, and Azariah /b the fire b was not effective concerning them at all, /b and their garments were not singed? Joshua the High Priest b said to him: They were three /b righteous people, b and I am one. /b Nebuchadnezzar b said to him: But wasn’t Abraham one /b person, and when he was cast into the furnace the fire had no effect? Joshua answered him: b There, /b in the case of Abraham, b there were no wicked people with him, and license /b to cause damage b was not given to the fire. Here, /b in this case, b there were wicked /b people b with me, and license /b to cause damage b was given to the fire. /b The Gemara adds that b this /b explains the adage b that people say: /b If there are b two dry firebrands and one moist one /b in a fire, b the dry /b firebrands b burn the moist one. /b ,The Gemara asks: b What is the reason /b that Joshua the High Priest b was punished /b and was cast into the furnace? b Rav Pappa says: /b It was due to the fact b that his sons would marry women who were not fit for /b marriage into the b priesthood, and he did not reprimand them, as it is stated: “And Joshua was clothed in filthy garments, /b and he stood before the angel” (Zechariah 3:3). b And was it the /b typical b manner of Joshua to wear filthy garments? Rather /b this verse b teaches /b an allusion b that his sons would marry women who were not fit for /b marriage into the b priesthood, and he did not reprimand them. /b That is why he appeared with soiled garments in the vision of the prophet Zechariah.,§ Apropos Haiah, Mishael, and Azariah, the Gemara cites that which b Rabbi Tanḥum says /b that b bar Kappara taught in Tzippori: What /b is the meaning of that b which is written /b with regard to the statement of Ruth to Naomi concerning Boaz: b “These six /b grains of b barley he gave me” /b (Ruth 3:17). b What /b is the meaning of the phrase b “six /b grains of b barley”? If we say /b that the reference is to b six actual /b grains of b barley, is it the /b typical b manner of Boaz to give /b a minimal b gift of six /b grains of b barley? /b |
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| 28. Marinus, Vita Proclus, 7.30-7.32, 15.19-15.23, 29.18-29.19, 30.1-30.11 (4th cent. CE - 5th cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Breytenbach and Tzavella (2022), Early Christianity in Athens, Attica, and Adjacent Areas, 155, 156 |
| 29. Socrates Scholasticus, Ecclesiastical History, 7.38 (4th cent. CE - 5th cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •pulcheria, devotion to mary as “mother of god” of Found in books: Kraemer (2020), The Mediterranean Diaspora in Late Antiquity: What Christianity Cost the Jews, 255 |
| 30. Eunapius, Lives of The Philosophers, 7.3.9 (4th cent. CE - 5th cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •gods, devotion to various gods Found in books: Breytenbach and Tzavella (2022), Early Christianity in Athens, Attica, and Adjacent Areas, 120 |
| 31. Theodosius Ii Emperor of Rome, Theodosian Code, 16.5.66, 16.8.12, 16.8.25, 16.10.12-16.10.13 (5th cent. CE - 5th cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Breytenbach and Tzavella (2022), Early Christianity in Athens, Attica, and Adjacent Areas, 145; Kraemer (2020), The Mediterranean Diaspora in Late Antiquity: What Christianity Cost the Jews, 241, 255 |
| 32. Zosimus, New History, 5.5.8 (5th cent. CE - 5th cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •gods, devotion to various gods Found in books: Breytenbach and Tzavella (2022), Early Christianity in Athens, Attica, and Adjacent Areas, 145 |
| 33. Justinian, Novellae, 3.1 (5th cent. CE - 6th cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •pulcheria, devotion to mary as “mother of god” of Found in books: Kraemer (2020), The Mediterranean Diaspora in Late Antiquity: What Christianity Cost the Jews, 268 |
| 34. Justinian, Novellae, 3.1 (5th cent. CE - 6th cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •pulcheria, devotion to mary as “mother of god” of Found in books: Kraemer (2020), The Mediterranean Diaspora in Late Antiquity: What Christianity Cost the Jews, 268 |
| 35. Justinian, Codex Justinianus, 1.2.12, 11.7 (5th cent. CE - 6th cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •gods, devotion to various gods Found in books: Breytenbach and Tzavella (2022), Early Christianity in Athens, Attica, and Adjacent Areas, 155 |
| 36. Evagrius Scholasticus, Ecclesiastical History, 1.20 (6th cent. CE - 6th cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •pulcheria, devotion to mary as “mother of god” of Found in books: Kraemer (2020), The Mediterranean Diaspora in Late Antiquity: What Christianity Cost the Jews, 240 |
| 37. Sozomenus, Ecclesiastical History, 6.17.1 Tagged with subjects: •gods, devotion to various gods Found in books: Breytenbach and Tzavella (2022), Early Christianity in Athens, Attica, and Adjacent Areas, 161 |
| 38. Suidas Thessalius, Fragments, π2473 Tagged with subjects: •gods, devotion to various gods Found in books: Breytenbach and Tzavella (2022), Early Christianity in Athens, Attica, and Adjacent Areas, 155 |
| 39. Isid., Fr., None Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Breytenbach and Tzavella (2022), Early Christianity in Athens, Attica, and Adjacent Areas, 156 |
| 40. Anon., Ascension of Isaiah, 4.1-4.14 Tagged with subjects: •devotion, to god Found in books: Mathews (2013), Riches, Poverty, and the Faithful: Perspectives on Wealth in the Second Temple Period and the Apocalypse of John, 195 |
| 41. John Malalas, History, 14 Tagged with subjects: •pulcheria, devotion to mary as “mother of god” of Found in books: Kraemer (2020), The Mediterranean Diaspora in Late Antiquity: What Christianity Cost the Jews, 240 |
| 42. Josephus, Book of Judith, 59 Tagged with subjects: •devotion, to god of israel Found in books: Lavee (2017), The Rabbinic Conversion of Judaism The Unique Perspective of the Bavli on Conversion and the Construction of Jewish Identity, 59 |
| 43. John of Nicou, Pg, 84.25-84.37 Tagged with subjects: •pulcheria, devotion to mary as “mother of god” of Found in books: Kraemer (2020), The Mediterranean Diaspora in Late Antiquity: What Christianity Cost the Jews, 240 |
| 49. Epigraphy, Ig Ii, 4.199-4.205, 4.1461, 4.1847, 4.1905, 4.1907 Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Breytenbach and Tzavella (2022), Early Christianity in Athens, Attica, and Adjacent Areas, 116, 120 |
| 51. Epigraphy, Seg, 33.188 Tagged with subjects: •gods, devotion to various gods Found in books: Breytenbach and Tzavella (2022), Early Christianity in Athens, Attica, and Adjacent Areas, 116 |
