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Full texts for Hebrew Bible and rabbinic texts is kindly supplied by Sefaria; for Greek and Latin texts, by Perseus Scaife, for the Quran, by Tanzil.net

For a list of book indices included, see here.

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All subjects (including unvalidated):
subject book bibliographic info
cilicia Amendola (2022), The Demades Papyrus (P.Berol. inv. 13045): A New Text with Commentary, 163, 181, 325
Baumann and Liotsakis (2022), Reading History in the Roman Empire, 208, 210
Bianchetti et al. (2015), Brill’s Companion to Ancient Geography: The Inhabited World in Greek and Roman Tradition, 12
Borg (2008), Paideia: the World of the Second Sophistic: The World of the Second Sophistic, 55, 71, 78
Bowie (2023), Essays on Ancient Greek Literature and Culture, Volume 2: Comedy, Herodotus, Hellenistic and Imperial Greek Poetry, the Novels. 454, 457, 521, 570, 575
Brooten (1982), Women Leaders in the Ancient Synagogue, 236, 249
Gera (2014), Judith, 29, 30, 123, 124, 127, 129, 137, 152, 153, 154
Johnston and Struck (2005), Mantikê: Studies in Ancient Divination, 29
Kaster(2005), Emotion, Restraint, and Community in Ancient Rome, 84, 134
Keddie (2019), Class and Power in Roman Palestine: The Socioeconomic Setting of Judaism and Christian Origins, 120, 205
Kingsley Monti and Rood (2022), The Authoritative Historian: Tradition and Innovation in Ancient Historiography, 221, 230
Klein and Wienand (2022), City of Caesar, City of God: Constantinople and Jerusalem in Late Antiquity, 121, 129
Konig (2022), The Folds of Olympus: Mountains in Ancient Greek and Roman Culture, 189, 290
Konrad (2022), The Challenge to the Auspices: Studies on Magisterial Power in the Middle Roman Republic, 68, 69, 70, 71
Maier and Waldner (2022), Desiring Martyrs: Locating Martyrs in Space and Time, 189
McGowan (1999), Ascetic Eucharists: Food and Drink in Early Christian Ritual Meals, 161
Merz and Tieleman (2012), Ambrosiaster's Political Theology, 18, 22, 59
Mitchell and Pilhofer (2019), Early Christianity in Asia Minor and Cyprus: From the Margins to the Mainstream, 1, 18, 21, 25, 92, 120, 121, 122, 153, 158, 210
Naiden (2013), Smoke Signals for the Gods: Ancient Greek Sacrifice from the Archaic through Roman Periods, 339
Pinheiro et al. (2018), Cultural Crossroads in the Ancient Novel, 102, 113
Price, Finkelberg and Shahar (2021), Rome: An Empire of Many Nations: New Perspectives on Ethnic Diversity and Cultural Identity, 33
Santangelo (2013), Roman Frugality: Modes of Moderation from the Archaic Age to the Early Empire and Beyond, 70, 145, 255
Schliesser et al. (2021), Alexandria: Hub of the Hellenistic World. 346
Scott (2023), An Age of Iron and Rust: Cassius Dio and the History of His Time. 104, 153
Stavrianopoulou (2013), Shifting Social Imaginaries in the Hellenistic Period: Narrations, Practices and Images, 358
Sweeney (2013), Foundation Myths and Politics in Ancient Ionia, 105, 113
Tanaseanu-Döbler and von Alvensleben (2020), Athens II: Athens in Late Antiquity, 59, 70, 128
Trapp et al. (2016), In Praise of Asclepius: Selected Prose Hymns, 57, 60
Vogt (2015), Pyrrhonian Skepticism in Diogenes Laertius. 70
de Ste. Croix et al. (2006), Christian Persecution, Martyrdom, and Orthodoxy, 178, 319
cilicia, -n Ferrándiz (2022), Shipwrecks, Legal Landscapes and Mediterranean Paradigms: Gone Under Sea, 24, 28, 145
cilicia, adana Bruun and Edmondson (2015), The Oxford Handbook of Roman Epigraphy, 653
cilicia, agones, contests, olympia epinikia in Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 353
cilicia, aigai in Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 289, 300, 493
cilicia, aigeai Borg (2008), Paideia: the World of the Second Sophistic: The World of the Second Sophistic, 78
cilicia, also province Huttner (2013), Early Christianity in the Lycus Valley, 38, 39, 40, 194, 266, 277, 280, 288, 354
cilicia, and, cilicians, Munn (2006), The Mother of the Gods, Athens, and the Tyranny of Asia: A Study of Sovereignty in Ancient Religion. 71, 93, 108, 117, 143, 169, 185, 195, 198, 218
cilicia, antiocheia, on pyramos Stavrianopoulou (2013), Shifting Social Imaginaries in the Hellenistic Period: Narrations, Practices and Images, 325
cilicia, aphrodisias in Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 222
cilicia, archelaos ii, client-king in Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 326, 328, 329, 330, 339, 388, 412
cilicia, armenia, and rough Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 307, 308, 316, 317, 319, 320, 326, 339, 484
cilicia, arsinoe, city in rough Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 211
cilicia, asclepius sanctuary, aigai in Hahn Emmel and Gotter (2008), Usages of the Past in Roman Historiography, 48, 49, 125
cilicia, by, appius claudius, imposition of house tax on Udoh (2006), To Caesar What Is Caesar's: Tribute, Taxes, and Imperial Administration in Early Roman Palestine 63 B.C.E to 70 B.C.E, 179
cilicia, castabala-hierapolis Nuno et al. (2021), SENSORIVM: The Senses in Roman Polytheism, 77, 78
cilicia, civil inattention Kaster(2005), Emotion, Restraint, and Community in Ancient Rome, 154
cilicia, claim of incubation at kasai asklepieion Renberg (2017), Where Dreams May Come: Incubation Sanctuaries in the Greco-Roman World, 149
cilicia, claudiopolis ninica in Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 331
cilicia, commentary on aristotle’s physics, general simplicius of Zachhuber (2022), Time and Soul: From Aristotle to St. Augustine. 31, 34, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 84
cilicia, conversion of polemo, king of Cohen (2010), The Significance of Yavneh and other Essays in Jewish Hellenism, 198, 199, 202
cilicia, cornelius lentulus spinther, governor of asia and Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 301
cilicia, corollary on time, general simplicius of Zachhuber (2022), Time and Soul: From Aristotle to St. Augustine. 55, 56
cilicia, corycos Brooten (1982), Women Leaders in the Ancient Synagogue, 236, 249
cilicia, cult of theos keraunios helios sarapis at epiphaneia Renberg (2017), Where Dreams May Come: Incubation Sanctuaries in the Greco-Roman World, 383
cilicia, cults of sarpedon and thekla, seleukia Renberg (2017), Where Dreams May Come: Incubation Sanctuaries in the Greco-Roman World, 530, 531, 532, 533
cilicia, dedication to sarapis, epiphaneia Renberg (2017), Where Dreams May Come: Incubation Sanctuaries in the Greco-Roman World, 383
cilicia, elaioussa, sebaste Stavrianopoulou (2013), Shifting Social Imaginaries in the Hellenistic Period: Narrations, Practices and Images, 301
cilicia, epiphaneia in Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 289, 343
cilicia, general simplicius of Zachhuber (2022), Time and Soul: From Aristotle to St. Augustine. 25, 26, 31, 47, 54, 68, 74, 81, 84
cilicia, germanikopolis in Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 331
cilicia, hierapolis, castabala in Munn (2006), The Mother of the Gods, Athens, and the Tyranny of Asia: A Study of Sovereignty in Ancient Religion. 108, 169
cilicia, kilikarches, president of the commonalty of Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 417
cilicia, m. antonius, proconsul of Henderson (2020), The Springtime of the People: The Athenian Ephebeia and Citizen Training from Lykourgos to Augustus, 269, 273
cilicia, mopsuete Bruun and Edmondson (2015), The Oxford Handbook of Roman Epigraphy, 653
cilicia, octavian, in Udoh (2006), To Caesar What Is Caesar's: Tribute, Taxes, and Imperial Administration in Early Roman Palestine 63 B.C.E to 70 B.C.E, 16, 17, 55
cilicia, oracles, apollo sarpedonios in Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 520
cilicia, paul Levine (2005), The Ancient Synagogue, The First Thousand Years, 56
cilicia, philadelpheia in Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 332
cilicia, philagros of Borg (2008), Paideia: the World of the Second Sophistic: The World of the Second Sophistic, 55, 56, 76, 77, 78, 81
cilicia, philagrus of Tanaseanu-Döbler and von Alvensleben (2020), Athens II: Athens in Late Antiquity, 70
cilicia, polemo of Levine Allison and Crossan (2006), The Historical Jesus in Context, 317
cilicia, polemon of Huttner (2013), Early Christianity in the Lycus Valley, 194
cilicia, ptolemais, military base in Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 211
cilicia, pylades of Gorain (2019), Language in the Confessions of Augustine, 48
cilicia, queen, of Munn (2006), The Mother of the Gods, Athens, and the Tyranny of Asia: A Study of Sovereignty in Ancient Religion. 143
cilicia, reliefs, kozan Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 191
cilicia, roman province Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 361, 363, 365, 393
Stanton (2021), Unity and Disunity in Greek and Christian Thought under the Roman Peace, 44
cilicia, roman province, cities Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 478, 479
cilicia, roman province, commonalty Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 417, 418, 420, 422
cilicia, roman province, military occupation Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 384, 385
cilicia, roman province, tres eparchiae Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 339, 347, 352, 363, 417, 418
cilicia, sebaste in elaiussa Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 316, 421
cilicia, seleuceia on the calycadnos, in Merz and Tieleman (2012), Ambrosiaster's Political Theology, 22
cilicia, simplicius of Horkey (2019), Cosmos in the Ancient World, 53, 63, 64, 67, 68, 69, 70, 91, 92, 99, 272, 273
cilicia, soloi in pompeiopolis Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 289
cilicia, sophist, philagros of Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 495
cilicia, strategia in the kingdom of cappadocia Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 268
cilicia, tarsus Alvar Ezquerra (2008), Romanising Oriental Gods: Myth, Salvation, and Ethics in the Cults of Cybele, Isis, and Mithras, 418
cilicia, thebes, in Bednarek (2021), The Myth of Lycurgus in Aeschylus, Naevius, and beyond, 3, 174, 184
cilicia, tracheia, archelaus ii, the younger, son of archelaus i of cappadocia, census of in Udoh (2006), To Caesar What Is Caesar's: Tribute, Taxes, and Imperial Administration in Early Roman Palestine 63 B.C.E to 70 B.C.E, 167, 168, 169, 209
cilicia, tracheia, census, of archelaus ii in Udoh (2006), To Caesar What Is Caesar's: Tribute, Taxes, and Imperial Administration in Early Roman Palestine 63 B.C.E to 70 B.C.E, 168
cilicia, tracheia, strabo, on Udoh (2006), To Caesar What Is Caesar's: Tribute, Taxes, and Imperial Administration in Early Roman Palestine 63 B.C.E to 70 B.C.E, 168
cilicia, varus of Borg (2008), Paideia: the World of the Second Sophistic: The World of the Second Sophistic, 55, 78
cilicia/cilicians, age of diadochi Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 184, 188, 189, 190, 191
cilicia/cilicians, age of persians Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 155, 158
cilicia/cilicians, anabasis of alexander the great Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 177, 178
cilicia/cilicians, antiochos the great Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 217, 222, 226
cilicia/cilicians, campaign of pompey against pirates Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 280
cilicia/cilicians, campaign of shapur Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 358
cilicia/cilicians, campaign of tigranes ii Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 279
cilicia/cilicians, cicero’s governorship Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 294, 295, 296, 297
cilicia/cilicians, client-kings in the julio-claudian period Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 326, 329, 330, 331, 338
cilicia/cilicians, early greeks Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 125, 126, 133
cilicia/cilicians, early seleucid foundations Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 197
cilicia/cilicians, first roman province Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 271, 272
cilicia/cilicians, names Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 399, 513
cilicia/cilicians, oracles Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 520, 521
cilicia/cilicians, piracy Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 280, 403
cilicia/cilicians, ptolemaic domination Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 211, 212, 213
cilicia/cilicians, reconstitution out of three eparchies, tres eparchiae Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 347, 417, 418
cilicia/cilicians, second roman province organized by pompey Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 289
cilicia/cilicians, third mithridatic war Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 281, 284
cilicia/cilicians, third roman province formed under vespasian Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 339
cilicia/cilicians, under augustus Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 315, 317, 319, 320
cilicia/cilicians, under caesar’s murderers and mark antony Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 302, 303, 304, 307, 308
cilicia/ns Bremmer (2008), Greek Religion and Culture, the Bible, and the Ancient Near East, 82, 141, 143, 319
“cilicia, ”, pamphylia/pamphylians, greek settlement, praetorian province of Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 260

List of validated texts:
12 validated results for "cilicia"
1. Hebrew Bible, Judges, 16.7, 16.11 (8th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Cilicia • Cilicia/ns

 Found in books: Bremmer (2008), Greek Religion and Culture, the Bible, and the Ancient Near East, 82; Gera (2014), Judith, 127

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16.7 וַיֹּאמֶר אֵלֶיהָ שִׁמְשׁוֹן אִם־יַאַסְרֻנִי בְּשִׁבְעָה יְתָרִים לַחִים אֲשֶׁר לֹא־חֹרָבוּ וְחָלִיתִי וְהָיִיתִי כְּאַחַד הָאָדָם׃
16.11 וַיֹּאמֶר אֵלֶיהָ אִם־אָסוֹר יַאַסְרוּנִי בַּעֲבֹתִים חֲדָשִׁים אֲשֶׁר לֹא־נַעֲשָׂה בָהֶם מְלָאכָה וְחָלִיתִי וְהָיִיתִי כְּאַחַד הָאָדָם׃'' None		sup>
16.7 And Shimshon said to her, If they bind me with seven fresh bowstrings that were never dried, then shall I be weak, and be as another man.
16.11 And he said to her, If they bind me fast with new ropes that have never been used for work, then shall I be weak, and be as another man.'' None
2. Homer, Iliad, 2.858 (8th cent. BCE - 7th cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Armenia, and Rough Cilicia • Cilicia/ns

 Found in books: Bremmer (2008), Greek Religion and Culture, the Bible, and the Ancient Near East, 141; Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 484

sup>
2.858 Μυσῶν δὲ Χρόμις ἦρχε καὶ Ἔννομος οἰωνιστής·'' None		sup>
2.858 and Cromna and Aegialus and lofty Erythini.But of the Halizones Odius and Epistrophus were captains from afar, from Alybe, where is the birth-place of silver. '' None
3. None, None, nan (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Cilicia • Cilicia (also province), • Cilicia/Cilicians, Cicero’s governorship • Octavian, in Cilicia

 Found in books: Huttner (2013), Early Christianity in the Lycus Valley, 38, 39; Konrad (2022), The Challenge to the Auspices: Studies on Magisterial Power in the Middle Roman Republic, 68, 69; Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 294, 295, 296; Udoh (2006), To Caesar What Is Caesar's: Tribute, Taxes, and Imperial Administration in Early Roman Palestine 63 B.C.E to 70 B.C.E, 16
4. Diodorus Siculus, Historical Library, 18.22.1 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. BCE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Cilicia • Cilicia/Cilicians, age of diadochi

 Found in books: Amendola (2022), The Demades Papyrus (P.Berol. inv. 13045): A New Text with Commentary, 325; Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 184

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18.22.1 \xa0Now when Perdiccas and King Philip had defeated Ariarathes and delivered his satrapy to Eumenes, they departed from Cappadocia. And having arrived in Pisidia, they determined to lay waste two cities, that of the Larandians and that of the Isaurians; for while Alexander was still alive these cities had put to death Balacrus the son of Nicanor, who had been appointed general and satrap.'' None
5. Josephus Flavius, Jewish Antiquities, 18.140, 20.145-20.146 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Archelaos II, client-king in Cilicia • Armenia, and Rough Cilicia • Cilicia (also province), • Cilicia, Roman province, tres eparchiae • Cilicia/Cilicians, client-kings in the Julio-Claudian period • Cilicia/Cilicians, third Roman province formed under Vespasian • Polemo, king of Cilicia, conversion of • Polemon of Cilicia,

 Found in books: Cohen (2010), The Significance of Yavneh and other Essays in Jewish Hellenism, 198, 199, 202; Huttner (2013), Early Christianity in the Lycus Valley, 194; Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 330, 339

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20.145 Βερενίκη δὲ μετὰ τὴν ̔Ηρώδου τελευτήν, ὃς αὐτῆς ἀνὴρ καὶ θεῖος ἐγεγόνει, πολὺν χρόνον ἐπιχηρεύσασα, φήμης ἐπισχούσης, ὅτι τἀδελφῷ συνείη, πείθει Πολέμωνα, Κιλικίας δὲ ἦν οὗτος βασιλεύς, περιτεμόμενον ἀγαγέσθαι πρὸς γάμον αὐτήν: οὕτως γὰρ ἐλέγξειν ᾤετο ψευδεῖς τὰς διαβολάς.' "20.146 καὶ ὁ Πολέμων ἐπείσθη μάλιστα διὰ τὸν πλοῦτον αὐτῆς: οὐ μὴν ἐπὶ πολὺ συνέμεινεν ὁ γάμος, ἀλλ' ἡ Βερενίκη δι' ἀκολασίαν, ὡς ἔφασαν, καταλείπει τὸν Πολέμωνα. ὁ δ' ἅμα τοῦ τε γάμου καὶ τοῦ τοῖς ἔθεσι τῶν ̓Ιουδαίων ἐμμένειν ἀπήλλακτο." ' None		sup>
20.145 3. But as for Bernice, she lived a widow a long while after the death of Herod king of Chalcis, who was both her husband and her uncle; but when the report went that she had criminal conversation with her brother, Agrippa, junior, she persuaded Poleme, who was king of Cilicia, to be circumcised, and to marry her, as supposing that by this means she should prove those calumnies upon her to be false; 20.146 and Poleme was prevailed upon, and that chiefly on account of her riches. Yet did not this matrimony endure long; but Bernice left Poleme, and, as was said, with impure intentions. So he forsook at once this matrimony, and the Jewish religion;' ' None
6. Suetonius, Tiberius, 37.4 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Archelaos II, client-king in Cilicia • Archelaus II (the Younger), son of Archelaus I of Cappadocia, census of, in Cilicia Tracheia • Armenia, and Rough Cilicia • Cilicia/Cilicians, client-kings in the Julio-Claudian period

 Found in books: Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 326; Udoh (2006), To Caesar What Is Caesar's: Tribute, Taxes, and Imperial Administration in Early Roman Palestine 63 B.C.E to 70 B.C.E, 209

sup>
37.4 \xa0He undertook no campaign after his accession, but quelled outbreaks of the enemy through his generals; and even this he did only reluctantly and of necessity. Such kings as were disaffected and objects of his suspicion he held in check rather by threats and remonstrances than by force; some he lured to Rome by flattering promises and detained there, such as Marobodus the German, Rhascuporis the Thracian, and Archelaus of Cappadocia, whose realm he also reduced to the form of a province.'' None
7. Tacitus, Annals, 2.42, 6.41 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Archelaos II, client-king in Cilicia • Archelaus II (the Younger), son of Archelaus I of Cappadocia, census of, in Cilicia Tracheia • Armenia, and Rough Cilicia • Cilicia • Cilicia/Cilicians, client-kings in the Julio-Claudian period • Seleuceia on the Calycadnos (in Cilicia)

 Found in books: Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 326, 388; Merz and Tieleman (2012), Ambrosiaster's Political Theology, 18, 22; Udoh (2006), To Caesar What Is Caesar's: Tribute, Taxes, and Imperial Administration in Early Roman Palestine 63 B.C.E to 70 B.C.E, 167, 209

sup>
2.42 Ceterum Tiberius nomine Germanici trecenos plebi sestertios viritim dedit seque collegam consulatui eius destinavit. nec ideo sincerae caritatis fidem adsecutus amoliri iuvenem specie honoris statuit struxitque causas aut forte oblatas arripuit. rex Archelaus quinquagesimum annum Cappadocia potiebatur, invisus Tiberio quod eum Rhodi agentem nullo officio coluisset. nec id Archelaus per superbiam omiserat, sed ab intimis Augusti monitus, quia florente Gaio Caesare missoque ad res Orientis intuta Tiberii amicitia credebatur. ut versa Caesarum subole imperium adeptus est, elicit Archelaum matris litteris, quae non dissimulatis filii offensionibus clementiam offerebat, si ad precandum veniret. ille ignarus doli vel, si intellegere crederetur, vim metuens in urbem properat; exceptusque immiti a principe et mox accusatus in senatu, non ob crimina quae fingebantur sed angore, simul fessus senio et quia regibus aequa, nedum infima insolita sunt, finem vitae sponte an fato implevit. regnum in provinciam redactum est, fructibusque eius levari posse centesimae vectigal professus Caesar ducentesimam in posterum statuit. per idem tempus Antiocho Commagenorum, Philopatore Cilicum regibus defunctis turbabantur nationes, plerisque Romanum, aliis regium imperium cupientibus; et provinciae Syria atque Iudaea, fessae oneribus, deminutionem tributi orabant.
6.41 Per idem tempus Clitarum natio Cappadoci Archelao subiecta, quia nostrum in modum deferre census, pati tributa adigebatur, in iuga Tauri montis abscessit locorumque ingenio sese contra imbellis regis copias tutabatur, donec M. Trebellius legatus, a Vitellio praeside Syriae cum quattuor milibus legionariorum et delectis auxiliis missus, duos collis quos barbari insederant (minori Cadra, alteri Davara nomen est) operibus circumdedit et erumpere ausos ferro, ceteros siti ad deditionem coegit. At Tiridates volentibus Parthis Nicephorium et Anthemusiada ceterasque urbes, quae Macedonibus sitae Graeca vocabula usurpant, Halumque et Artemitam Parthica oppida recepit, certantibus gaudio qui Artabanum Scythas inter eductum ob saevitiam execrati come Tiridatis ingenium Romanas per artes sperabant.'' None		sup>
2.42 \xa0For the rest, Tiberius, in the name of Germanicus, made a distribution to the populace of three hundred sesterces a man: as his colleague in the consulship he nominated himself. All this, however, won him no credit for genuine affection, and he decided to remove the youth under a show of honour; some of the pretexts he fabricated, others he accepted as chance offered. For fifty years King Archelaus had been in possession of Cappadocia; to Tiberius a hated man, since he had offered him none of the usual attentions during his stay in Rhodes. The omission was due not to insolence, but to advice from the intimates of Augustus; for, as Gaius Caesar was then in his heyday and had been despatched to settle affairs in the East, the friendship of Tiberius was believed unsafe. When, through the extinction of the Caesarian line, Tiberius attained the empire, he lured Archelaus from Cappadocia by a letter of his mother; who, without dissembling the resentment of her son, offered clemency, if he came to make his petition. Unsuspicious of treachery, or apprehending force, should he be supposed alive to it, he hurried to the capital, was received by an unrelenting sovereign, and shortly afterwards was impeached in the senate. Broken, not by the charges, which were fictitious, but by torturing anxiety, combined with the weariness of age and the fact that to princes even equality â\x80\x94 to say nothing of humiliation â\x80\x94 is an unfamiliar thing, he ended his days whether deliberately or in the course of nature. His kingdom was converted into a province; and the emperor, announcing that its revenues made feasible a reduction of the one per\xa0cent sale-tax, fixed it for the future at one half of this amount. â\x80\x94 About the same time, the death of the two kings, Antiochus of Commagene and Philopator of Cilicia, disturbed the peace of their countries, where the majority of men desired a Roman governor, and the minority a monarch. The provinces, too, of Syria and Judaea, exhausted by their burdens, were pressing for a diminution of the tribute. <
6.41 \xa0About this date, the Cietae, a tribe subject to Archelaus of Cappadocia, pressed to conform with Roman usage by making a return of their property and submitting to a tribute, migrated to the heights of the Tauric range, and, favoured by the nature of the country, held their own against the unwarlike forces of the king; until the legate Marcus Trebellius, despatched by Vitellius from his province of Syria with four thousand legionaries and a picked force of auxiliaries, drew his lines round the two hills which the barbarians had occupied (the smaller is known as Cadra, the other as Davara) and reduced them to surrender â\x80\x94 those who ventured to make a sally, by the sword, the others by thirst. Meanwhile, with the acquiescence of the Parthians, Tiridates took over Nicephorium, Anthemusias, and the other cities of Macedonian foundation, carrying Greek names, together with the Parthic towns of Halus and Artemita; enthusiasm running high, as Artabanus, with his Scythian training, had been execrated for his cruelty and it was hoped that Roman culture had mellowed the character of Tiridates. <'' None
8. None, None, nan (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Armenia, and Rough Cilicia • Cilicia • Cilicia/Cilicians, under Caesar’s murderers and Mark Antony

 Found in books: Keddie (2019), Class and Power in Roman Palestine: The Socioeconomic Setting of Judaism and Christian Origins, 120; Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 307
9. Cassius Dio, Roman History, 54.9.2-54.9.3, 57.17.7 (2nd cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Archelaos II, client-king in Cilicia • Archelaus II (the Younger), son of Archelaus I of Cappadocia, census of, in Cilicia Tracheia • Armenia, and Rough Cilicia • Cilicia • Cilicia/Cilicians, client-kings in the Julio-Claudian period • Cilicia/Cilicians, under Augustus • Strabo, on Cilicia Tracheia • census, of Archelaus II in Cilicia Tracheia • era, Cilician cities

 Found in books: Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 317, 320, 326; Merz and Tieleman (2012), Ambrosiaster's Political Theology, 18; Udoh (2006), To Caesar What Is Caesar's: Tribute, Taxes, and Imperial Administration in Early Roman Palestine 63 B.C.E to 70 B.C.E, 167, 168, 209

sup>
54.9.2 \xa0Therefore he undertook no war, at any rate for the time being, but actually gave away certain principalities â\x80\x94 to Iamblichus, the son of Iamblichus, his ancestral dominion over the Arabians, and to Tarcondimotus, the son of Tarcondimotus, the kingdom of Cilicia, which his father had held, except for a\xa0few places on the coast. These latter together with Lesser Armenia he granted to Archelaus, because the Mede, who previously had ruled them, was dead.' "54.9.3 \xa0To Herod he entrusted the tetrarchy of a certain Zenodorus, and to one Mithridates, though still a mere boy, he gave Commagene, inasmuch as its king had put the boy's father to death." 57.17.7 \xa0So it was that the life of Archelaus was spared for the time being; but he died shortly afterward from some other cause. After this Cappadocia fell to the Romans and was put in charge of a knight as governor. The cities in Asia which had been damaged by the earthquake were assigned to an ex-praetor with five lictors; and large sums of money were remitted from taxes and large sums were also given them by Tiberius. <'' None
10. None, None, nan (2nd cent. CE - missingth cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Cilicia

 Found in books: Bowie (2023), Essays on Ancient Greek Literature and Culture, Volume 2: Comedy, Herodotus, Hellenistic and Imperial Greek Poetry, the Novels. 454; Naiden (2013), Smoke Signals for the Gods: Ancient Greek Sacrifice from the Archaic through Roman Periods, 339
11. None, None, nan (2nd cent. CE - missingth cent. CE)
 Tagged with subjects: • Cilicia • Cilicia, Roman province, tres eparchiae • Philagros of Cilicia, sophist • Philagrus of Cilicia

 Found in books: Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 352, 495; Tanaseanu-Döbler and von Alvensleben (2020), Athens II: Athens in Late Antiquity, 70
12. Strabo, Geography, 12.2.7, 14.5.6, 14.5.19
 Tagged with subjects: • Archelaus II (the Younger), son of Archelaus I of Cappadocia, census of, in Cilicia Tracheia • Armenia, and Rough Cilicia • Castabala-Hierapolis, Cilicia • Cilicia • Cilicia and Cilicians • Cilicia/Cilicians, piracy • Cilicia/Cilicians, under Augustus • Hierapolis, Castabala in Cilicia • Sebaste in Cilicia (Elaiussa) • Seleukia (Cilicia), cults of Sarpedon and Thekla • Strabo, on Cilicia Tracheia • census, of Archelaus II in Cilicia Tracheia • era, Cilician cities

 Found in books: Gera (2014), Judith, 154; Konig (2022), The Folds of Olympus: Mountains in Ancient Greek and Roman Culture, 189; Marek (2019), In the Land of a Thousand Gods: A History of Asia Minor in the Ancient World, 316, 317, 403; Munn (2006), The Mother of the Gods, Athens, and the Tyranny of Asia: A Study of Sovereignty in Ancient Religion. 169; Nuno et al. (2021), SENSORIVM: The Senses in Roman Polytheism, 77; Renberg (2017), Where Dreams May Come: Incubation Sanctuaries in the Greco-Roman World, 531; Udoh (2006), To Caesar What Is Caesar's: Tribute, Taxes, and Imperial Administration in Early Roman Palestine 63 B.C.E to 70 B.C.E, 168

sup>
12.2.7 Only two prefectures have cities, Tyanitis the city Tyana, which lies below the Taurus at the Cilician Gates, where for all is the easiest and most commonly used pass into Cilicia and Syria. It is called Eusebeia near the Taurus; and its territory is for the most part fertile and level. Tyana is situated upon a mound of Semiramis, which is beautifully fortified. Not far from this city are Castabala and Cybistra, towns still nearer to the mountain. At Castabala is the sanctuary of the Perasian Artemis, where the priestesses, it is said, walk with naked feet over hot embers without pain. And here, too, some tell us over and over the same story of Orestes and Tauropolus, asserting that she was called Perasian because she was brought from the other side. So then, in the prefecture Tyanitis, one of the ten above mentioned is Tyana (I am not enumerating along with these prefectures those that were acquired later, I mean Castabala and Cybistra and the places in Cilicia Tracheia, where is Elaeussa, a very fertile island, which was settled in a noteworthy manner by Archelaus, who spent the greater part of his time there), whereas Mazaca, the metropolis of the tribe, is in the Cilician prefecture, as it is called. This city, too, is called Eusebeia, with the additional words near the Argaeus, for it is situated below the Argaeus, the highest mountain of all, whose summit never fails to have snow upon it; and those who ascend it (those are few) say that in clear weather both seas, both the Pontus and the Issian Sea, are visible from it. Now in general Mazaca is not naturally a suitable place for the founding of a city, for it is without water and unfortified by nature; and, because of the neglect of the prefects, it is also without walls (perhaps intentionally so, in order that people inhabiting a plain, with hills above it that were advantageous and beyond range of missiles, might not, through too much reliance upon the wall as a fortification, engage in plundering). Further, the districts all round are utterly barren and untilled, although they are level; but they are sandy and are rocky underneath. And, proceeding a little farther on, one comes to plains extending over many stadia that are volcanic and full of fire-pits; and therefore the necessaries of life must be brought from a distance. And further, that which seems to be an advantage is attended with peril, for although almost the whole of Cappadocia is without timber, the Argaeus has forests all round it, and therefore the working of timber is close at hand; but the region which lies below the forests also contains fires in many places and at the same time has an underground supply of cold water, although neither the fire nor the water emerges to the surface; and therefore most of the country is covered with grass. In some places, also, the ground is marshy, and at night flames rise therefrom. Now those who are acquainted with the country can work the timber, since they are on their guard, but the country is perilous for most people, and especially for cattle, since they fall into the hidden fire-pits.
14.5.6 Then, after Corycus, one comes to Elaeussa, an island lying close to the mainland, which Archelaus settled, making it a royal residence, after he had received the whole of Cilicia Tracheia except Seleuceia — the same way in which it was obtained formerly by Amyntas and still earlier by Cleopatra; for since the region was naturally well adapted to the business of piracy both by land and by sea — by land, because of the height of the mountains and the large tribes that live beyond them, tribes which have plains and farm-lands that are large and easily overrun, and by sea, because of the good supply, not only of shipbuilding timber, but also of harbors and fortresses and secret recesses — with all this in view, I say, the Romans thought that it was better for the region to be ruled by kings than to be under the Roman prefects sent to administer justice, who were not likely always to be present or to have armed forces with them. Thus Archelaus received, in addition to Cappadocia, Cilicia Tracheia; and the boundary of the latter, the river Lamus and the village of the same name, lies between Soli and Elaeussa.
14.5.19 After Aegaeae, one comes to Issus, a small town with a mooring-place, and to the Pinarus River. It was here that the struggle between Alexander and Dareius occurred; and the gulf is called the Issian Gulf. On this gulf are situated the city Rhosus, the city Myriandrus, Alexandreia, Nicopolis, Mopsuestia, and Pylae as it is called, which is the boundary between the Cilicians and the Syrians. In Cilicia is also the sanctuary and oracle of the Sarpedonian Artemis; and the oracles are delivered by persons who are divinely inspired.'' None



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