The Ancient Mediterranean Religions Index Database

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Due to load times, full text fetching is currently attempted for validated results only.
Full texts for Hebrew Bible and rabbinic texts is kindly supplied by Sefaria; for Greek and Latin texts, by Perseus Scaife, for the Quran, by Tanzil.net

For a list of book indices included, see here.

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All subjects (including unvalidated):

subject	book bibliographic info
cappadocia	Amendola (2022) 162, 163, 164, 165, 166, 325, 330 Baumann and Liotsakis (2022) 202 Berglund Crostini and Kelhoffer (2022) 422, 429 Bianchetti et al (2015) 155, 262, 268, 270 Fonrobert and Jaffee (2007) 224, 226, 228 Gardner (2015) 91 Geljon and Vos (2020) 40 Gera (2014) 35, 36, 139 Gray (2021) 4, 6, 7, 8, 63, 120, 159 Huttner (2013) 27, 234, 277 Kingsley Monti and Rood (2022) 161, 221 Klein and Wienand (2022) 12, 28, 121, 129, 131, 269 Konig (2022) 101 Lampe (2003) 277, 340 Mendez (2022) 21, 22, 23, 24, 26, 27, 114 Merz and Tieleman (2012) 21, 25, 26 Mitchell and Pilhofer (2019) 2, 4, 8, 9, 13, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 39, 49, 51, 54, 55, 57, 61, 69, 73, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 91, 92, 93, 94, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 126, 129, 130, 131, 142, 154, 155, 157, 159, 160, 161 Moss (2012) 49 Naiden (2013) 191 Price Finkelberg and Shahar (2021) 33, 40 Stavrianopoulou (2013) 284, 285, 286, 290, 292, 293, 294, 300, 301, 302 Tanaseanu-Döbler and von Alvensleben (2020) 11, 173, 178, 179, 180, 184, 200, 213, 214, 215 Udoh (2006) 114, 138, 167, 168, 169 Vlassopoulos (2021) 173 de Ste. Croix et al. (2006) 137, 175, 179
cappadocia, alexander of	Klein and Wienand (2022) 12
cappadocia, alleged to be deranged, archelaus i of	Udoh (2006) 134
cappadocia, and bellona, ma, of	Griffiths (1975) 152
cappadocia, and dream interpretation, archelaus, king of	Taylor (2012) 61, 62, 78, 83, 94, 95, 96, 126, 146
cappadocia, anonyma, montanist? prophetess at caesarea in	Tabbernee (2007) 80, 117
cappadocia, appointed in 36 b.c.e. by antony, archelaus i of	Udoh (2006) 114, 138
cappadocia, archelais, garsau, i, ra	Stavrianopoulou (2013) 301
cappadocia, archelaos, king of	Stavrianopoulou (2013) 285, 301
cappadocia, archelaus i of	Udoh (2006) 138
cappadocia, archelaus ii, the younger, son of archelaus i of	Udoh (2006) 167
cappadocia, archelaus of	Merz and Tieleman (2012) 18
cappadocia, archelaus, king of	Taylor (2012) 55, 61, 62, 78, 83, 84, 103
cappadocia, aretaeus of	Balberg (2014) 143 Jouanna (2012) 174, 184, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247
cappadocia, ariaramneia	Stavrianopoulou (2013) 292
cappadocia, ariaramnes, dynast in	Marek (2019) 217
cappadocia, ariaratheia	Stavrianopoulou (2013) 292, 299
cappadocia, ariarathes i of	Marek (2019) 178, 184
cappadocia, ariarathes ii of	Marek (2019) 232
cappadocia, ariarathes iii of	Marek (2019) 217, 269
cappadocia, ariarathes iv of	Marek (2019) 217, 225, 232, 233
cappadocia, ariarathes v of	Liapis and Petrides (2019) 162, 171 Marek (2019) 268, 269, 270
cappadocia, ariarathes vi of	Marek (2019) 255, 269, 270, 271
cappadocia, ariarathes vii of	Marek (2019) 267, 270, 271
cappadocia, ariobarzanes i of	Marek (2019) 269, 271, 272, 281, 290
cappadocia, ariobarzanes iii of	Marek (2019) 295, 299, 300
cappadocia, asterius of	Humfress (2007) 176
cappadocia, asterius the sophist of	Cosgrove (2022) 263
cappadocia, athena, goddess, in	Marek (2019) 269
cappadocia, basil of	Humfress (2007) 30, 247, 248
cappadocia, by the pontos, cappadocia/cappadocians	Marek (2019) 232
cappadocia, caesarea	Borg (2008) 78, 217 Huttner (2013) 266, 276, 280, 374 Klein and Wienand (2022) 47, 133 de Ste. Croix et al. (2006) 175
cappadocia, caesarea, in	Berglund Crostini and Kelhoffer (2022) 93
cappadocia, candidianus, governor of	Humfress (2007) 31
cappadocia, census archelaus ii, the younger, son of archelaus i of of in cilicia tracheia	Udoh (2006) 167, 168, 169, 209
cappadocia, census, in	Udoh (2006) 167, 168, 209
cappadocia, cilicia, strategia in the kingdom of	Marek (2019) 268
cappadocia, claudius, city in	Marek (2019) 331
cappadocia, comana in	Mitchell and Pilhofer (2019) 23, 28, 113
cappadocia, comana, in	Dignas (2002) 227, 228
cappadocia, eusebeia, near the argaios	Stavrianopoulou (2013) 288, 293, 294, 299, 301
cappadocia, faraşa	Stavrianopoulou (2013) 288
cappadocia, father-in-law to herods archelaus i of son, alexander	Udoh (2006) 114
cappadocia, george of	Dijkstra and Raschle (2020) 296, 297, 402 Kahlos (2019) 45, 46, 69, 70
cappadocia, hanisa	Stavrianopoulou (2013) 285, 286, 287, 288, 290, 291, 292, 294, 298, 299, 302
cappadocia, hellenization, in	Marek (2019) 269
cappadocia, john of	Humfress (2007) 46, 76
cappadocia, kappadokarch, president of the commonalty of	Marek (2019) 417
cappadocia, kingdom archelaus i of of annexed by tiberius	Udoh (2006) 134, 167
cappadocia, kingdom of	Marek (2019) 265, 268, 510
cappadocia, komana	Stavrianopoulou (2013) 285, 290, 300, 301, 302
cappadocia, komana, kumani, temple state and city in	Marek (2019) 265, 268, 295, 326, 510
cappadocia, legionary camp, kingdom of	Marek (2019) 341, 344, 379, 541
cappadocia, location	Richlin (2018) 469
cappadocia, morima	Stavrianopoulou (2013) 286
cappadocia, orophernes, brother of ariarathes v of	Marek (2019) 270
cappadocia, priest, ess, /priesthood, in komana of	Marek (2019) 295
cappadocia, prima	Mitchell and Pilhofer (2019) 154
cappadocia, province	Bruun and Edmondson (2015) 314
cappadocia, roman province	Marek (2019) 326, 328, 333, 338, 339, 342, 343, 361, 362, 365, 370, 414
cappadocia, roman province, commonalty	Marek (2019) 417
cappadocia, roman province, military occupation	Marek (2019) 336, 341, 350, 384, 385
cappadocia, secunda	Mitchell and Pilhofer (2019) 30, 82, 154, 155, 160
cappadocia, seleucia	Borg (2008) 78
cappadocia, sophist, pausanias of	Marek (2019) 492
cappadocia, tyana	Borg (2008) 19 Stavrianopoulou (2013) 300, 301
cappadocia/cappadocians, alexander the great	Marek (2019) 177, 178
cappadocia/cappadocians, archelaos sisinnes ruler	Marek (2019) 307, 308, 317
cappadocia/cappadocians, cappadociarchy,	Marek (2019) 419
cappadocia/cappadocians, christianity	Marek (2019) 539, 543, 547, 548, 549
cappadocia/cappadocians, cities	Marek (2019) 415
cappadocia/cappadocians, diadochi	Marek (2019) 184, 188, 191
cappadocia/cappadocians, galatians	Marek (2019) 205
cappadocia/cappadocians, hellenization	Marek (2019) 269, 492
cappadocia/cappadocians, invasion of heruli	Marek (2019) 357
cappadocia/cappadocians, invasion of sasanians	Marek (2019) 358
cappadocia/cappadocians, kingdom	Marek (2019) 217, 268, 269
cappadocia/cappadocians, language	Marek (2019) 399, 492
cappadocia/cappadocians, limes, frontier	Marek (2019) 338, 381, 382
cappadocia/cappadocians, miltos, red chalk	Marek (2019) 133
cappadocia/cappadocians, mithridates’s intervention	Marek (2019) 270, 271, 272
cappadocia/cappadocians, names	Marek (2019) 398, 399
cappadocia/cappadocians, parthian war under nero	Marek (2019) 332, 333, 334, 336, 338
cappadocia/cappadocians, royal coinage	Marek (2019) 269
cappadocia/cappadocians, satrapy	Marek (2019) 152, 155
cappadocia/cappadocians, senators	Marek (2019) 473
cappadocia/cappadocians, third mithridatic war	Marek (2019) 281, 286, 290
cappadocia/cappadocians, tigranes of armenia	Marek (2019) 279
cappadocia/cappadocians, transformation into roman province	Marek (2019) 326
cappadocia/cappadocians, villages	Marek (2019) 200

List of validated texts:

12 validated results for "cappadocia"

1. Herodotus, Histories, 3.91 (5th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Archelaus (King of Cappadocia), and dream interpretation • Cappadocia/Cappadocians, satrapy

Found in books: Marek (2019) 155; Taylor (2012) 146

3.91. ἀπὸ δὲ Ποσιδηίου πόλιος, τὴν Ἀμφίλοχος ὁ Ἀμφιάρεω οἴκισε ἐπʼ οὔροισι τοῖσι Κιλίκων τε καὶ Σύρων, ἀρξάμενος ἀπὸ ταύτης μέχρι Αἰγύπτου, πλὴν μοίρης τῆς Ἀραβίων ʽταῦτα γὰρ ἦν ἀτελέἀ, πεντήκοντα καὶ τριηκόσια τάλαντα φόρος ἦν. ἔστι δὲ ἐν τῷ νομῷ τούτῳ Φοινίκη τε πᾶσα καὶ Συρίη ἡ Παλαιστίνη καλεομένη καὶ Κύπρος· νομὸς πέμπτος οὗτος. ἀπʼ Αἰγύπτου δὲ καὶ Λιβύων τῶν προσεχέων Αἰγύπτῳ καὶ Κυρήνης τε καὶ Βάρκης ʽἐς γὰρ τὸν Αἰγύπτιον νομὸν αὗται ἐκεκοσμέατὀ ἑπτακόσια προσήιε τάλαντα, πάρεξ τοῦ ἐκ τῆς Μοίριος λίμνης γινομένου ἀργυρίου, τὸ ἐγίνετο ἐκ τῶν ἰχθύων· τούτου τε δὴ χωρὶς τοῦ ἀργυρίου καὶ τοῦ ἐπιμετρουμένου σίτου προσήιε ἑπτακόσια τάλαντα· σίτου γὰρ δύο καὶ δέκα μυριάδας Περσέων τε τοῖσι ἐν τῷ Λευκῷ τείχεϊ τῷ ἐν Μέμφι κατοικημένοισι καταμετρέουσι καὶ τοῖσι τούτων ἐπικούροισι. νομὸς ἕκτος οὗτος. Σατταγύδαι δὲ καὶ Γανδάριοι καὶ Δαδίκαι τε καὶ Ἀπαρύται ἐς τὠυτὸ τεταγμένοι ἑβδομήκοντα καὶ ἑκατὸν τάλαντα προσέφερον· νομὸς δὲ οὗτος ἕβδομος. ἀπὸ Σούσων δὲ καὶ τῆς ἄλλης Κισσίων χώρης τριηκόσια· νομὸς ὄγδοος οὗτος.''. None

3.91. The fifth province was the country (except the part belonging to the Arabians, which paid no tribute) between Posideion, a city founded on the Cilician and Syrian border by Amphilochus son of Amphiaraus, and Egypt ; this paid three hundred and fifty talents; in this province was all Phoenicia, and the part of Syria called Palestine, and Cyprus . ,The sixth province was Egypt and the neighboring parts of Libya, and Cyrene and Barca, all of which were included in the province of Egypt . From here came seven hundred talents, besides the income in silver from the fish of the lake Moeris ; ,besides that silver and the assessment of grain that was given also, seven hundred talents were paid; for a hundred and twenty thousand bushels of grain were also assigned to the Persians quartered at the White Wall of Memphis and their allies. ,The Sattagydae, Gandarii, Dadicae, and Aparytae paid together a hundred and seventy talents; this was the seventh province; the eighth was Susa and the rest of the Cissian country, paying three hundred talents. ''. None

2. Diodorus Siculus, Historical Library, 18.22.1 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Ariarathes I of Cappadocia • Cappadocia • Cappadocia/Cappadocians, diadochi

Found in books: Amendola (2022) 325; Marek (2019) 184

18.22.1. \xa0Now when Perdiccas and King Philip had defeated Ariarathes and delivered his satrapy to Eumenes, they departed from Cappadocia. And having arrived in Pisidia, they determined to lay waste two cities, that of the Larandians and that of the Isaurians; for while Alexander was still alive these cities had put to death Balacrus the son of Nicanor, who had been appointed general and satrap.''. None

3. New Testament, Apocalypse, 3.12 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Anonyma (Montanist? prophetess at Caesarea in Cappadocia) • Cappadocia

Found in books: Moss (2012) 49; Tabbernee (2007) 117

3.12. Ὁ νικῶν ποιήσω αὐτὸν στύλον ἐν τῷ ναῷ τοῦ θεοῦ μου, καὶ ἔξω οὐ μὴ ἐξέλθῃ ἔτι, καὶ γράψω ἐπʼ αὐτὸν τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ θεοῦ μου καὶτὸ ὄνομα τῆς πὀλεωςτοῦ θεοῦ μου, τῆς καινῆς Ἰερουσαλήμ, ἡ καταβαίνουσα ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ ἀπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ μου, καὶτὸ ὄνομάμουτὸ καινόν.''. None

3.12. He who overcomes, I will make him a pillar in the temple of my God, and he will go out from there no more. I will write on him the name of my God, and the name of the city of my God, the new Jerusalem, which comes down out of heaven from my God, and my own new name.''. None

4. Suetonius, Tiberius, 37.4 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Archelaus II (the Younger), son of Archelaus I of Cappadocia, census of, in Cilicia Tracheia • Cappadocia, Roman province • Cappadocia/Cappadocians, transformation into Roman province • Komana (Kumani), temple state and city in Cappadocia • census, in Cappadocia

Found in books: Marek (2019) 326; Udoh (2006) 209

37.4. \xa0He undertook no campaign after his accession, but quelled outbreaks of the enemy through his generals; and even this he did only reluctantly and of necessity. Such kings as were disaffected and objects of his suspicion he held in check rather by threats and remonstrances than by force; some he lured to Rome by flattering promises and detained there, such as Marobodus the German, Rhascuporis the Thracian, and Archelaus of Cappadocia, whose realm he also reduced to the form of a province.''. None

5. Tacitus, Annals, 2.42, 6.41, 12.49 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Archelaus I of Cappadocia, alleged to be deranged • Archelaus I of Cappadocia, kingdom of, annexed by Tiberius • Archelaus II (the Younger), son of Archelaus I of Cappadocia • Archelaus II (the Younger), son of Archelaus I of Cappadocia, census of, in Cilicia Tracheia • Archelaus of Cappadocia • Cappadocia • Cappadocia, Roman province • Cappadocia/Cappadocians, transformation into Roman province • Komana (Kumani), temple state and city in Cappadocia • census, in Cappadocia

Found in books: Marek (2019) 326; Merz and Tieleman (2012) 18; Udoh (2006) 134, 167, 209

2.42. Ceterum Tiberius nomine Germanici trecenos plebi sestertios viritim dedit seque collegam consulatui eius destinavit. nec ideo sincerae caritatis fidem adsecutus amoliri iuvenem specie honoris statuit struxitque causas aut forte oblatas arripuit. rex Archelaus quinquagesimum annum Cappadocia potiebatur, invisus Tiberio quod eum Rhodi agentem nullo officio coluisset. nec id Archelaus per superbiam omiserat, sed ab intimis Augusti monitus, quia florente Gaio Caesare missoque ad res Orientis intuta Tiberii amicitia credebatur. ut versa Caesarum subole imperium adeptus est, elicit Archelaum matris litteris, quae non dissimulatis filii offensionibus clementiam offerebat, si ad precandum veniret. ille ignarus doli vel, si intellegere crederetur, vim metuens in urbem properat; exceptusque immiti a principe et mox accusatus in senatu, non ob crimina quae fingebantur sed angore, simul fessus senio et quia regibus aequa, nedum infima insolita sunt, finem vitae sponte an fato implevit. regnum in provinciam redactum est, fructibusque eius levari posse centesimae vectigal professus Caesar ducentesimam in posterum statuit. per idem tempus Antiocho Commagenorum, Philopatore Cilicum regibus defunctis turbabantur nationes, plerisque Romanum, aliis regium imperium cupientibus; et provinciae Syria atque Iudaea, fessae oneribus, deminutionem tributi orabant.
6.41. Per idem tempus Clitarum natio Cappadoci Archelao subiecta, quia nostrum in modum deferre census, pati tributa adigebatur, in iuga Tauri montis abscessit locorumque ingenio sese contra imbellis regis copias tutabatur, donec M. Trebellius legatus, a Vitellio praeside Syriae cum quattuor milibus legionariorum et delectis auxiliis missus, duos collis quos barbari insederant (minori Cadra, alteri Davara nomen est) operibus circumdedit et erumpere ausos ferro, ceteros siti ad deditionem coegit. At Tiridates volentibus Parthis Nicephorium et Anthemusiada ceterasque urbes, quae Macedonibus sitae Graeca vocabula usurpant, Halumque et Artemitam Parthica oppida recepit, certantibus gaudio qui Artabanum Scythas inter eductum ob saevitiam execrati come Tiridatis ingenium Romanas per artes sperabant.
12.49. Erat Cappadociae procurator Iulius Paelignus, ignavia animi et deridiculo corporis iuxta despiciendus, sed Claudio perquam familiaris, cum privatus olim conversatione scurrarum iners otium oblectaret. is Paelignus auxiliis provincialium contractis tamquam reciperaturus Armeniam, dum socios magis quam hostis praedatur, abscessu suorum et incursantibus barbaris praesidii egens ad Radamistum venit; donisque eius evictus ultro regium insigne sumere cohortatur sumentique adest auctor et satelles. quod ubi turpi fama divulgatum, ne ceteri quoque ex Paeligno coniectarentur, Helvidius Priscus legatus cum legione mittitur rebus turbidis pro tempore ut consuleret. igitur propere montem Taurum transgressus moderatione plura quam vi composuerat, cum rediret in Syriam iubetur ne initium belli adversus Parthos existeret.''. None

2.42. \xa0For the rest, Tiberius, in the name of Germanicus, made a distribution to the populace of three hundred sesterces a man: as his colleague in the consulship he nominated himself. All this, however, won him no credit for genuine affection, and he decided to remove the youth under a show of honour; some of the pretexts he fabricated, others he accepted as chance offered. For fifty years King Archelaus had been in possession of Cappadocia; to Tiberius a hated man, since he had offered him none of the usual attentions during his stay in Rhodes. The omission was due not to insolence, but to advice from the intimates of Augustus; for, as Gaius Caesar was then in his heyday and had been despatched to settle affairs in the East, the friendship of Tiberius was believed unsafe. When, through the extinction of the Caesarian line, Tiberius attained the empire, he lured Archelaus from Cappadocia by a letter of his mother; who, without dissembling the resentment of her son, offered clemency, if he came to make his petition. Unsuspicious of treachery, or apprehending force, should he be supposed alive to it, he hurried to the capital, was received by an unrelenting sovereign, and shortly afterwards was impeached in the senate. Broken, not by the charges, which were fictitious, but by torturing anxiety, combined with the weariness of age and the fact that to princes even equality â\x80\x94 to say nothing of humiliation â\x80\x94 is an unfamiliar thing, he ended his days whether deliberately or in the course of nature. His kingdom was converted into a province; and the emperor, announcing that its revenues made feasible a reduction of the one per\xa0cent sale-tax, fixed it for the future at one half of this amount. â\x80\x94 About the same time, the death of the two kings, Antiochus of Commagene and Philopator of Cilicia, disturbed the peace of their countries, where the majority of men desired a Roman governor, and the minority a monarch. The provinces, too, of Syria and Judaea, exhausted by their burdens, were pressing for a diminution of the tribute. <
6.41. \xa0About this date, the Cietae, a tribe subject to Archelaus of Cappadocia, pressed to conform with Roman usage by making a return of their property and submitting to a tribute, migrated to the heights of the Tauric range, and, favoured by the nature of the country, held their own against the unwarlike forces of the king; until the legate Marcus Trebellius, despatched by Vitellius from his province of Syria with four thousand legionaries and a picked force of auxiliaries, drew his lines round the two hills which the barbarians had occupied (the smaller is known as Cadra, the other as Davara) and reduced them to surrender â\x80\x94 those who ventured to make a sally, by the sword, the others by thirst. Meanwhile, with the acquiescence of the Parthians, Tiridates took over Nicephorium, Anthemusias, and the other cities of Macedonian foundation, carrying Greek names, together with the Parthic towns of Halus and Artemita; enthusiasm running high, as Artabanus, with his Scythian training, had been execrated for his cruelty and it was hoped that Roman culture had mellowed the character of Tiridates. <
12.49. \xa0The procurator of Cappadocia was Julius Paelignus, a person made doubly contemptible by hebetude of mind and grotesqueness of body, yet on terms of the greatest intimacy with Claudius during the years of retirement when he amused his sluggish leisure with the society of buffoons. The Paelignus had mustered the provincial militia, with the avowed intention of recovering Armenia; but, while he was plundering our subjects in preference to the enemy, the secession of his troops left him defenceless against the barbarian incursions, and he made his way to Radamistus, by whose liberality he was so overpowered that he voluntarily advised him to assume the kingly emblem, and assisted at its assumption in the quality of sponsor and satellite. Ugly reports of the incident spread; and, to make it clear that not all Romans were to be judged by the standard of Paelignus, the legate Helvidius Priscus was sent with a legion to deal with the disturbed situation as the circumstances might require. Accordingly, after crossing Mount Taurus in haste, he had settled more points by moderation than by force, when he was ordered back to Syria, lest he should give occasion for a Parthian war. <''. None

6. None, None, nan (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Cappadocia

Found in books: Gray (2021) 63; Mitchell and Pilhofer (2019) 2

7. Cassius Dio, Roman History, 49.32.3, 54.9.2, 57.17.7 (2nd cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Archelaus I of Cappadocia • Archelaus I of Cappadocia, alleged to be deranged • Archelaus I of Cappadocia, appointed in 36 B.C.E. by Antony • Archelaus I of Cappadocia, kingdom of, annexed by Tiberius • Archelaus II (the Younger), son of Archelaus I of Cappadocia • Archelaus II (the Younger), son of Archelaus I of Cappadocia, census of, in Cilicia Tracheia • Cappadocia • Cappadocia, Roman province • Cappadocia/Cappadocians, Archelaos Sisinnes ruler • Cappadocia/Cappadocians, transformation into Roman province • Komana (Kumani), temple state and city in Cappadocia • census, in Cappadocia

Found in books: Marek (2019) 307, 317, 326; Udoh (2006) 134, 138, 167, 168, 209

49.32.3. \xa0Antony, in addition to making the arrangements mentioned above, assigned principalities, giving Galatia to Amyntas, though he had been only the secretary of Deiotarus, and also adding to his domain Lycaonia with portions of Pamphylia, and bestowing upon Archelaus Cappadocia, after driving out Ariarathes. This Archelaus belonged on his father's side to those Archelauses who had contended against the Romans, but on his mother's side was the son of Glaphyra, an hetaera." '
54.9.2. \xa0Therefore he undertook no war, at any rate for the time being, but actually gave away certain principalities â\x80\x94 to Iamblichus, the son of Iamblichus, his ancestral dominion over the Arabians, and to Tarcondimotus, the son of Tarcondimotus, the kingdom of Cilicia, which his father had held, except for a\xa0few places on the coast. These latter together with Lesser Armenia he granted to Archelaus, because the Mede, who previously had ruled them, was dead.
57.17.7. \xa0So it was that the life of Archelaus was spared for the time being; but he died shortly afterward from some other cause. After this Cappadocia fell to the Romans and was put in charge of a knight as governor. The cities in Asia which had been damaged by the earthquake were assigned to an ex-praetor with five lictors; and large sums of money were remitted from taxes and large sums were also given them by Tiberius. <'". None

8. Tertullian, To Scapula, 3 (2nd cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Cappadocia • Cappadocia/Cappadocians, Christianity

Found in books: Lampe (2003) 340; Marek (2019) 539

3. However, as we have already remarked, it cannot but distress us that no state shall bear unpunished the guilt of shedding Christian blood; as you see, indeed, in what took place during the presidency of Hilarian, for when there had been some agitation about places of sepulture for our dead, and the cry arose, No are - no burial-grounds for the Christians, it came that their own are, their threshing-floors, were a-wanting, for they gathered in no harvests. As to the rains of the bygone year, it is abundantly plain of what they were intended to remind men - of the deluge, no doubt, which in ancient times overtook human unbelief and wickedness; and as to the fires which lately hung all night over the walls of Carthage, they who saw them know what they threatened; and what the preceding thunders pealed, they who were hardened by them can tell. All these things are signs of God's impending wrath, which we must needs publish and proclaim in every possible way; and in the meanwhile we must pray it may be only local. Sure are they to experience it one day in its universal and final form, who interpret otherwise these samples of it. That sun, too, in the metropolis of Utica, with light all but extinguished, was a portent which could not have occurred from an ordinary eclipse, situated as the lord of day was in his height and house. You have the astrologers, consult them about it. We can point you also to the deaths of some provincial rulers, who in their last hours had painful memories of their sin in persecuting the followers of Christ. Vigellius Saturninus, who first here used the sword against us, lost his eyesight. Claudius Lucius Herminianus in Cappadocia, enraged that his wife had become a Christian, had treated the Christians with great cruelty: well, left alone in his palace, suffering under a contagious malady, he boiled out in living worms, and was heard exclaiming, Let nobody know of it, lest the Christians rejoice, and Christian wives take encouragement. Afterwards he came to see his error in having tempted so many from their steadfastness by the tortures he inflicted, and died almost a Christian himself. In that doom which overtook Byzantium, C cilius Capella could not help crying out, Christians, rejoice! Yes, and the persecutors who seem to themselves to have acted with impunity shall not escape the day of judgment. For you we sincerely wish it may prove to have been a warning only, that, immediately after you had condemned Mavilus of Adrumetum to the wild beasts, you were overtaken by those troubles, and that even now for the same reason you are called to a blood-reckoning. But do not forget the future. "". None

9. None, None, nan (5th cent. CE - 6th cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Cappadocia • Cappadocia, Roman province, commonalty • Cappadocia/Cappadocians, Cappadociarchy • Kappadokarch, president of the commonalty of Cappadocia

Found in books: Marek (2019) 417, 419; Merz and Tieleman (2012) 26

10. None, None, nan (6th cent. CE - 6th cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Cappadocia • Cappadocia/Cappadocians, limes (frontier)

Found in books: Klein and Wienand (2022) 129; Marek (2019) 382

11. Strabo, Geography, 12.1.4, 12.2.3, 12.2.5-12.2.6, 12.2.10, 12.3.37, 14.5.6, 16.2.3
Tagged with subjects: • Archelais (Garsau(i)ra), Cappadocia • Archelaos, king of Cappadocia • Archelaus II (the Younger), son of Archelaus I of Cappadocia, census of, in Cilicia Tracheia • Ariarathes VII of Cappadocia • Cappadocia • Cappadocia/Cappadocians, Archelaos Sisinnes ruler • Cappadocia/Cappadocians, Third Mithridatic War • Cappadocia/Cappadocians, miltos (red chalk) • Comana in Cappadocia • Comana, in Cappadocia • Eusebeia, near the Argaios, Cappadocia • Hanisa, Cappadocia • Komana, Cappadocia • Tyana, Cappadocia • census, in Cappadocia

Found in books: Dignas (2002) 227, 228; Marek (2019) 133, 267, 286, 317; Merz and Tieleman (2012) 26; Mitchell and Pilhofer (2019) 28; Stavrianopoulou (2013) 284, 285, 290, 300, 301; Talbert (1984) 429; Udoh (2006) 168

12.1.4. Cappadocia was divided into two satrapies by the Persians at the time when it was taken over by the Macedonians; the Macedonians willingly allowed one part of the country, but unwillingly the other, to change to kingdoms instead of satrapies; and one of these kingdoms they named Cappadocia Proper and Cappadocia near Taurus, and even Greater Cappadocia, and the other they named Pontus, though others named it Cappadocia Pontica. As for Greater Cappadocia, we at present do not yet know its administrative divisions, for after the death of king Archelaus, Caesar and the senate decreed that it was a Roman province. But when, in the reign of Archelaus and of the kings who preceded him, the country was divided into ten prefectures, those near the Taurus were reckoned as five in number, I mean Melitene, Cataonia, Cilicia, Tyanitis, and Garsauritis; and Laviansene, Sargarausene, Saravene, Chamanene, and Morimene as the remaining five. The Romans later assigned to the predecessors of Archelaus an eleventh prefecture, taken from Cilicia, I mean the country round Castabala and Cybistra, extending to Derbe, which last had belonged to Antipater the pirate; and to Archelaus they further assigned the part of Cilicia Tracheia round Elaeussa, and also all the country that had organized the business of piracy.' "
12.2.3. In this Antitaurus are deep and narrow valleys, in which are situated Comana and the sanctuary of Enyo, whom the people there call Ma. It is a considerable city; its inhabitants, however, consist mostly of the divinely inspired people and the temple-servants who live in it. Its inhabitants are Cataonians, who, though in a general way classed as subject to the king, are in most respects subject to the priest. The priest is master of the sanctuary, and also of the temple-servants, who on my sojourn there were more than six thousand in number, men and women together. Also, considerable territory belongs to the sanctuary, and the revenue is enjoyed by the priest. He is second in rank in Cappadocia after the king; and in general the priests belonged to the same family as the kings. It is thought that Orestes, with his sister Iphigeneia, brought these sacred rites here from the Tauric Scythia, the rites in honor of Artemis Tauropolus, and that here they also deposited the hair of mourning; whence the city's name. Now the Sarus River flows through this city and passes out through the gorges of the Taurus to the plains of the Cilicians and to the sea that lies below them." '
12.2.5. 14The third in rank is the priesthood of Zeus Dacieus, which, though inferior to that of Enyo, is noteworthy. At this place there is a reservoir of salt water which has the circumference of a considerable lake; it is shut in by brows of hills so high and steep that people go down to it by ladder-like steps. The water, they say, neither increases nor anywhere has a visible outflow. 12.2.6. Neither the plain of the Cataonians nor the country Melitene has a city, but they have strongholds on the mountains, I mean Azamora and Dastarcum; and round the latter flows the Carmalas River. It contains also a sanctuary, that of the Cataonian Apollo, which is held in honor throughout the whole of Cappadocia, the Cappadocians having made it the model of sanctuaries of their own. Neither do the other prefectures, except two, contain cities; and of the remaining prefectures, Sargarausene contains a small town Herpa, and also the Carmalas River, this too emptying into the Cilician Sea. In the other prefectures are Argos, a lofty stronghold near the Taurus, and Nora, now called Neroassus, in which Eumenes held out against a siege for a long time. In my time it served as the treasury of Sisines, who made an attack upon the empire of the Cappadocians. To him belonged also Cadena, which had the royal palace and had the aspect of a city. Situated on the borders of Lycaonia is also a town called Garsauira. This too is said once to have been the metropolis of the country. In Morimene, at Venasa, is the sanctuary of the Venasian Zeus, which has a settlement of almost three thousand temple-servants and also a sacred territory that is very productive, affording the priest a yearly revenue of fifteen talents. He, too, is priest for life, as is the Priest at Comana, and is second in rank after him.
12.2.10. The size of the country is as follows: In breadth, from Pontus to the Taurus, about one thousand eight hundred stadia, and in length, from Lycaonia and Phrygia to the Euphrates towards the east and Armenia, about three thousand. It is an excellent country, not only in respect to fruits, but particularly in respect to grain and all kinds of cattle. Although it lies farther south than Pontus, it is colder. Bagadania, though level and farthest south of all (for it lies at the foot of the Taurus), produces hardly any fruit-bearing trees, although it is grazed by wild asses, both it and the greater part of the rest of the country, and particularly that round Garsauira and Lycaonia and Morimene. In Cappadocia is produced also the ruddle called Sinopean, the best in the world, although the Iberian rivals it. It was named Sinopean because the merchants were wont to bring it down thence to Sinope before the traffic of the Ephesians had penetrated as far as the people of Cappadocia. It is said that also slabs of crystal and of onyx stone were found by the miners of Archelaus near the country of the Galatians. There was a certain place, also, which had white stone that was like ivory in color and yielded pieces of the size of small whetstones; and from these pieces they made handles for their small swords. And there was another place which yielded such large lumps of transparent stone that they were exported. The boundary of Pontus and Cappadocia is a mountain tract parallel to the Taurus, which has its beginning at the western extremities of Chammanene, where is situated Dasmenda, a stronghold with sheer ascent, and extends to the eastern extremities of Laviansene. Both Chammanene and Laviansene are prefectures in Cappadocia.
12.3.37. The whole of the country around is held by Pythodoris, to whom belong, not only Phanaroea, but also Zelitis and Megalopolitis. Concerning Phanaroea I have already spoken. As for Zelitis, it has a city Zela, fortified on a mound of Semiramis, with the sanctuary of Anaitis, who is also revered by the Armenians. Now the sacred rites performed here are characterized by greater sanctity; and it is here that all the people of Pontus make their oaths concerning their matters of greatest importance. The large number of temple-servants and the honors of the priests were, in the time of the kings, of the same type as I have stated before, but at the present time everything is in the power of Pythodoris. Many persons had abused and reduced both the multitude of temple-servants and the rest of the resources of the sanctuary. The adjacent territory, also, was reduced, having been divided into several domains — I mean Zelitis, as it is called (which has the city Zela on a mound); for in, early times the kings governed Zela, not as a city, but as a sacred precinct of the Persian gods, and the priest was the master of the whole thing. It was inhabited by the multitude of temple-servants, and by the priest, who had an abundance of resources; and the sacred territory as well as that of the priest was subject to him and his numerous attendants. Pompey added many provinces to the boundaries of Zelitis, and named Zela, as he did Megalopolis, a city, and he united the latter and Culupene and Camisene into one state; the latter two border on both Lesser Armenia and Laviansene, and they contain rock-salt, and also an ancient fortress called Camisa, now in ruins. The later Roman prefects assigned a portion of these two governments to the priests of Comana, a portion to the priest of Zela, and a portion to Ateporix, a dynast of the family of tetrarchs of Galatia; but now that Ateporix has died, this portion, which is not large, is subject to the Romans, being called a province (and this little state is a political organization of itself, the people having incorporated Carana into it, from which fact its country is called Caranitis), whereas the rest is held by Pythodoris and Dyteutus.
14.5.6. Then, after Corycus, one comes to Elaeussa, an island lying close to the mainland, which Archelaus settled, making it a royal residence, after he had received the whole of Cilicia Tracheia except Seleuceia — the same way in which it was obtained formerly by Amyntas and still earlier by Cleopatra; for since the region was naturally well adapted to the business of piracy both by land and by sea — by land, because of the height of the mountains and the large tribes that live beyond them, tribes which have plains and farm-lands that are large and easily overrun, and by sea, because of the good supply, not only of shipbuilding timber, but also of harbors and fortresses and secret recesses — with all this in view, I say, the Romans thought that it was better for the region to be ruled by kings than to be under the Roman prefects sent to administer justice, who were not likely always to be present or to have armed forces with them. Thus Archelaus received, in addition to Cappadocia, Cilicia Tracheia; and the boundary of the latter, the river Lamus and the village of the same name, lies between Soli and Elaeussa.
16.2.3. This is the general description of Syria.In describing it in detail, we say that Commagene is rather a small district. It contains a strong city, Samosata, in which was the seat of the kings. At present it is a (Roman) province. A very fertile but small territory lies around it. Here is now the Zeugma, or bridge, of the Euphrates, and near it is situated Seleuceia, a fortress of Mesopotamia, assigned by Pompey to the Commageneans. Here Tigranes confined in prison for some time and put to death Selene, surnamed Cleopatra, after she was dispossessed of Syria.''. None

12. None, None, nan
Tagged with subjects: • Cappadocia

Found in books: Gray (2021) 4; Tanaseanu-Döbler and von Alvensleben (2020) 173, 179

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