The Ancient Mediterranean Religions Index Database

Results for
Please note: the results are produced through a computerized process which may frequently lead to errors, both in incorrect tagging and in other issues. Please use with caution.
Due to load times, full text fetching is currently attempted for validated results only.
Full texts for Hebrew Bible and rabbinic texts is kindly supplied by Sefaria; for Greek and Latin texts, by Perseus Scaife, for the Quran, by Tanzil.net

For a list of book indices included, see here.

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All subjects (including unvalidated):

subject	book bibliographic info
bacchanalian, affair	Gunderson (2022), The Social Worlds of Ancient Jews and Christians: Essays in Honor of L. Michael White, 163, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, 180
bacchanalian, bacchanal	Bernabe et al. (2013), Redefining Dionysos, 186, 187, 188, 284
bacchanalian, controversy	Lieu (2004), Christian Identity in the Jewish and Graeco-Roman World, 184, 188, 262, 277, 278
bacchanalian, livys narrative, as historical evidence	Panoussi(2019), Brides, Mourners, Bacchae: Women's Rituals in Roman Literature, 243
bacchanalian, livys narrative, cinaedi in	Panoussi(2019), Brides, Mourners, Bacchae: Women's Rituals in Roman Literature, 73
bacchanalian, livys narrative, hypsipyle compared to hispala in	Panoussi(2019), Brides, Mourners, Bacchae: Women's Rituals in Roman Literature, 148, 158
bacchanalian, livys narrative, nighttime and secrecy/corruption in	Panoussi(2019), Brides, Mourners, Bacchae: Women's Rituals in Roman Literature, 131, 132
bacchanalian, livys narrative, noise and moral disorder equated in	Panoussi(2019), Brides, Mourners, Bacchae: Women's Rituals in Roman Literature, 124, 125, 126, 131, 132
bacchanalian, livys narrative, on female sexual deviance	Panoussi(2019), Brides, Mourners, Bacchae: Women's Rituals in Roman Literature, 130, 131, 132
bacchanalian, livys narrative, on stuprum	Panoussi(2019), Brides, Mourners, Bacchae: Women's Rituals in Roman Literature, 124, 130, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 244
bacchanalian, livys narrative, proper and improper moralagency of women in	Panoussi(2019), Brides, Mourners, Bacchae: Women's Rituals in Roman Literature, 126, 127, 128, 130
bacchanalian, livys narrative, womens agency as problematic in	Panoussi(2019), Brides, Mourners, Bacchae: Women's Rituals in Roman Literature, 120
bacchanalian, mysteries at rome	Griffiths (1975), The Isis-Book (Metamorphoses, Book XI), 290
bacchanalian, mysteries, at rome	Griffiths (1975), The Isis-Book (Metamorphoses, Book XI), 290
bacchanalian, narrative and, hypsipyle, hispala in livys	Panoussi(2019), Brides, Mourners, Bacchae: Women's Rituals in Roman Literature, 148, 158
bacchanalian, narrative, caedes livys, murder, and stuprum in	Panoussi(2019), Brides, Mourners, Bacchae: Women's Rituals in Roman Literature, 124, 135, 136, 137, 138
bacchanalian, narrative, caedes, murder, and stuprum in livys	Panoussi(2019), Brides, Mourners, Bacchae: Women's Rituals in Roman Literature, 124, 135, 136, 137, 138
bacchanalian, narrative, livys	Panoussi(2019), Brides, Mourners, Bacchae: Women's Rituals in Roman Literature, 118, 120, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138
bacchanalian, narrative, on effeminacy, womens control of livys religion, and stuprum	Panoussi(2019), Brides, Mourners, Bacchae: Women's Rituals in Roman Literature, 133, 134, 135
bacchanalian, narrative, sexuality, deviant female sexuality in livys	Panoussi(2019), Brides, Mourners, Bacchae: Women's Rituals in Roman Literature, 130, 131, 132
bacchanalian, same-sex relationships, livys narrative, male homoeroticism in	Panoussi(2019), Brides, Mourners, Bacchae: Women's Rituals in Roman Literature, 133, 134, 135

List of validated texts:

25 validated results for "bacchanalian"

1. None, None, nan (6th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Bacchanalia affair • Bacchic cults

Found in books: Graf and Johnston (2007), Ritual texts for the afterlife: Orpheus and the Bacchic Gold Tablets, 55; Wolfsdorf (2020), Early Greek Ethics, 600

2. Euripides, Bacchae, 73-82, 225, 260-262, 278-284, 470-475, 686-687, 692-695, 704-711, 725-726, 998 (5th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Bacchanalia • Bacchic • Bacchic rites, in Statius Achilleid • Bacchic rites, sexuality and maenadism • Bacchic rites, slaves involved in • Bacchic, bacchios, baccheios βάκχιος, βακχεῖος • Bacchus and Bacchic rites • Greek literature and practice, Bacchic rites • Orphic, see Bacchic, initiation, mystery cults, rites • mysteries, mystery cults, Bacchic, Dionysiac • rituals, Bacchic • young womens rituals, in Statius Achilleid, Bacchic rites

Found in books: Bernabe et al. (2013), Redefining Dionysos, 164, 173, 321, 352, 358, 459; Gorain (2019), Language in the Confessions of Augustine, 13, 16, 25; Panoussi(2019), Brides, Mourners, Bacchae: Women's Rituals in Roman Literature, 215, 242; Petrovic and Petrovic (2016), Inner Purity and Pollution in Greek Religion, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240; Taylor and Hay (2020), Philo of Alexandria: On the Contemplative Life: Introduction, Translation and Commentary, 334; de Jáuregui (2010), Orphism and Christianity in Late Antiquity, 3, 24

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73 μάκαρ, ὅστις εὐδαίμων ⁷³ ὦ ⁷⁴ βιοτὰν ἁγιστεύει καὶ ⁷⁴ τελετὰς θεῶν εἰδὼς ⁷⁵ θιασεύεται ψυχὰν ⁷⁶ ἐν ὄρεσσι βακχεύων ⁷⁷ ὁσίοις καθαρμοῖσιν, ⁷⁸ τά τε ματρὸς μεγάλας ὄργια 79 Κυβέλας θεμιτεύων, ⁸⁰ ἀνὰ θύρσον τε τινάσσων, ⁸¹ κισσῷ τε στεφανωθεὶς ⁸² Διόνυσον θεραπεύει. ²²⁵ τὴν δʼ Ἀφροδίτην πρόσθʼ ἄγειν τοῦ Βακχίου.²⁶⁰ τελετὰς πονηρὰς εἰσάγων· γυναιξὶ γὰρ ²⁶¹ ὅπου βότρυος ἐν δαιτὶ γίγνεται γάνος, ²⁶² οὐχ ὑγιὲς οὐδὲν ἔτι λέγω τῶν ὀργίων. Χορός ²⁷⁸ ὃς δʼ ἦλθʼ ἔπειτʼ, ἀντίπαλον ὁ Σεμέλης γόνος ²⁷⁹ βότρυος ὑγρὸν πῶμʼ ηὗρε κεἰσηνέγκατο ²⁸⁰ θνητοῖς, ὃ παύει τοὺς ταλαιπώρους βροτοὺς ²⁸¹ λύπης, ὅταν πλησθῶσιν ἀμπέλου ῥοῆς, ²⁸² ὕπνον τε λήθην τῶν καθʼ ἡμέραν κακῶν ²⁸³ δίδωσιν, οὐδʼ ἔστʼ ἄλλο φάρμακον πόνων. ²⁸⁴ οὗτος θεοῖσι σπένδεται θεὸς γεγώς, ⁴⁷⁰ ὁρῶν ὁρῶντα, καὶ δίδωσιν ὄργια. Πενθεύς ⁴⁷¹ τὰ δʼ ὄργιʼ ἐστὶ τίνʼ ἰδέαν ἔχοντά σοι; Διόνυσος ⁴⁷² ἄρρητʼ ἀβακχεύτοισιν εἰδέναι βροτῶν. Πενθεύς ^4
73 ἔχει δʼ ὄνησιν τοῖσι θύουσιν τίνα; Διόνυσος ⁴⁷⁴ οὐ θέμις ἀκοῦσαί σʼ, ἔστι δʼ ἄξιʼ εἰδέναι. Πενθεύς ⁴⁷⁵ εὖ τοῦτʼ ἐκιβδήλευσας, ἵνʼ ἀκοῦσαι θέλω. Διόνυσος ⁶⁸⁶ εἰκῇ βαλοῦσαι σωφρόνως, οὐχ ὡς σὺ φῂς ⁶⁸⁷ ᾠνωμένας κρατῆρι καὶ λωτοῦ ψόφῳ ⁶⁹² αἳ δʼ ἀποβαλοῦσαι θαλερὸν ὀμμάτων ὕπνον ⁶⁹³ ἀνῇξαν ὀρθαί, θαῦμʼ ἰδεῖν εὐκοσμίας, ⁶⁹⁴ νέαι παλαιαὶ παρθένοι τʼ ἔτʼ ἄζυγες. ⁶⁹⁵ καὶ πρῶτα μὲν καθεῖσαν εἰς ὤμους κόμας ⁷⁰⁴ θύρσον δέ τις λαβοῦσʼ ἔπαισεν ἐς πέτραν, ⁷⁰⁵ ὅθεν δροσώδης ὕδατος ἐκπηδᾷ νοτίς· ⁷⁰⁶ ἄλλη δὲ νάρθηκʼ ἐς πέδον καθῆκε γῆς, ⁷⁰⁷ καὶ τῇδε κρήνην ἐξανῆκʼ οἴνου θεός· ⁷⁰⁸ ὅσαις δὲ λευκοῦ πώματος πόθος παρῆν, ⁷⁰⁹ ἄκροισι δακτύλοισι διαμῶσαι χθόνα ⁷¹⁰ γάλακτος ἑσμοὺς εἶχον· ἐκ δὲ κισσίνων ⁷¹¹ θύρσων γλυκεῖαι μέλιτος ἔσταζον ῥοαί. ⁷²⁵ Ἴακχον ἀθρόῳ στόματι τὸν Διὸς γόνον ⁷²⁶ Βρόμιον καλοῦσαι· πᾶν δὲ συνεβάκχευʼ ὄρος ⁹⁹⁸ περὶ σὰ Βάκχιʼ, ὄργια ματρός τε σᾶς ' None

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73 Blessed is he who, being fortunate and knowing the rites of the gods, keeps his life pure and ⁷⁵ has his soul initiated into the Bacchic revels, dancing in inspired frenzy over the mountains with holy purifications, and who, revering the mysteries of great mother Kybele, ⁸⁰ brandishing the thyrsos, garlanded with ivy, serves Dionysus.Go, Bacchae, go, Bacchae, escorting the god Bromius, child of a god, ²²⁵ but they consider Aphrodite before Bacchus.As many of them as I have caught, servants keep in the public strongholds with their hands bound, and as many as are absent I will hunt from the mountains, I mean Ino and Agave, who bore me to Echion, and²⁶⁰ for introducing wicked rites. For where women have the delight of the grape-cluster at a feast, I say that none of their rites is healthy any longer. Chorus Leader ²⁷⁸ are first among men: the goddess Demeter—she is the earth, but call her whatever name you wish; she nourishes mortals with dry food; but he who came afterwards, the offspring of Semele, discovered a match to it, the liquid drink of the grape, and introduced it ²⁸⁰ to mortals. It releases wretched mortals from grief, whenever they are filled with the stream of the vine, and gives them sleep, a means of forgetting their daily troubles, nor is there another cure for hardships. He who is a god is poured out in offerings to the gods, ⁴⁷⁰ Seeing me just as I saw him, he gave me sacred rites. Pentheu ⁴⁷¹ What appearance do your rites have? Dionysu ⁴⁷² They can not be told to mortals uninitiated in Bacchic revelry. Pentheu ^4
73 And do they have any profit to those who sacrifice? Dionysu ⁴⁷⁴ It is not lawful for you to hear, but they are worth knowing. Pentheu ⁴⁷⁵ You have counterfeited this well, so that I desire to hear. Dionysu ⁶⁸⁶ others laying their heads at random on the oak leaves, modestly, not as you say drunk with the goblet and the sound of the flute, hunting out Aphrodite through the woods in solitude.Your mother raised a cry, ⁶⁹² tanding up in the midst of the Bacchae, to wake their bodies from sleep, when she heard the lowing of the horned cattle. And they, casting off refreshing sleep from their eyes, sprang upright, a marvel of orderliness to behold, old, young, and still unmarried virgins. ⁶⁹⁵ First they let their hair loose over their shoulders, and secured their fawn-skins, as many of them as had released the fastenings of their knots, girding the dappled hides with serpents licking their jaws. And some, holding in their arms a gazelle or wild ⁷⁰⁴ wolf-pup, gave them white milk, as many as had abandoned their new-born infants and had their breasts still swollen. They put on garlands of ivy, and oak, and flowering yew. One took her thyrsos and struck it against a rock, ⁷⁰⁵ from which a dewy stream of water sprang forth. Another let her thyrsos strike the ground, and there the god sent forth a fountain of wine. All who desired the white drink scratched the earth with the tips of their fingers and obtained streams of milk; ⁷¹⁰ and a sweet flow of honey dripped from their ivy thyrsoi; so that, had you been present and seen this, you would have approached with prayers the god whom you now blame.We herdsmen and shepherds gathered in order to ⁷²⁵ calling on Iacchus, the son of Zeus, Bromius, with united voice. The whole mountain revelled along with them and the beasts, and nothing was unmoved by their running. Agave happened to be leaping near me, and I sprang forth, wanting to snatch her, ⁹⁹⁸ Whoever with wicked mind and unjust rage regarding your rites, Bacchus, and those of your mother, comes with raving heart ' None

3. Plato, Republic, None (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Bacchanalia affair • Bacchic mysteries • Orphic tradition, Bacchic gold tablets • rituals, Bacchic

Found in books: Eidinow and Kindt (2015), The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Greek Religion, 135, 558; Graf and Johnston (2007), Ritual texts for the afterlife: Orpheus and the Bacchic Gold Tablets, 145; Iricinschi et al. (2013), Beyond the Gnostic Gospels: Studies Building on the Work of Elaine Pagels, 88; Petrovic and Petrovic (2016), Inner Purity and Pollution in Greek Religion, 257

^364b καὶ πένητες ὦσιν, ὁμολογοῦντες αὐτοὺς ἀμείνους εἶναι τῶν ἑτέρων. τούτων δὲ πάντων οἱ περὶ θεῶν τε λόγοι καὶ ἀρετῆς θαυμασιώτατοι λέγονται, ὡς ἄρα καὶ θεοὶ πολλοῖς μὲν ἀγαθοῖς δυστυχίας τε καὶ βίον κακὸν ἔνειμαν, τοῖς δʼ ἐναντίοις ἐναντίαν μοῖραν. ἀγύρται δὲ καὶ μάντεις ἐπὶ πλουσίων θύρας ἰόντες πείθουσιν ὡς ἔστι παρὰ σφίσι δύναμις ἐκ θεῶν ποριζομένη θυσίαις τε καὶ ἐπῳδαῖς, εἴτε τι' ' None

^364b and disregard those who are in any way weak or poor, even while admitting that they are better men than the others. But the strangest of all these speeches are the things they say about the gods and virtue, how so it is that the gods themselves assign to many good men misfortunes and an evil life but to their opposites a contrary lot; and begging priests and soothsayers go to rich men’s doors and make them believe that they by means of sacrifices and incantations have accumulated a treasure of power from the gods that can expiate and cure with pleasurable festival' ' None

4. Plato, Symposium, None (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Orphic, see Bacchic, initiation, mystery cults, rites • mysteries, mystery cults, Bacchic, Dionysiac

Found in books: Bernabe et al. (2013), Redefining Dionysos, 397; de Jáuregui (2010), Orphism and Christianity in Late Antiquity, 1

^218b Ἐρυξιμάχους, Παυσανίας, Ἀριστοδήμους τε καὶ Ἀριστοφάνας· Σωκράτη δὲ αὐτὸν τί δεῖ λέγειν, καὶ ὅσοι ἄλλοι; πάντες γὰρ κεκοινωνήκατε τῆς φιλοσόφου μανίας τε καὶ βακχείας—διὸ πάντες ἀκούσεσθε· συγγνώσεσθε γὰρ τοῖς τε τότε πραχθεῖσι καὶ τοῖς νῦν λεγομένοις. οἱ δὲ οἰκέται, καὶ εἴ τις ἄλλος ἐστὶν βέβηλός τε καὶ ἄγροικος, πύλας πάνυ μεγάλας τοῖς ὠσὶν ἐπίθεσθε.'' None

^218b a Pausanias, an Aristodemus, and an Aristophanes—I need not mention Socrates himself—and all the rest of them; every one of you has had his share of philosophic frenzy and transport, so all of you shall hear. You shall stand up alike for what then was done and for what now is spoken. But the domestics, and all else profane and clownish, must clap the heaviest of doors upon their ears.'' None

5. None, None, nan (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Bacchic imagery • Bacchic rites • dance, bacchic

Found in books: Ebrey and Kraut (2022), The Cambridge Companion to Plato, 2nd ed, 263; Gianvittorio-Ungar and Schlapbach (2021), Choreonarratives: Dancing Stories in Greek and Roman Antiquity and Beyond, 90, 91

6. None, None, nan (4th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Bacchanalia affair • Bacchic • Eleusinian, Orpheus, Orphic, Samothracian,Bacchic, Dionysiac • Orphic, see Bacchic, initiation, mystery cults, rites

Found in books: Graf and Johnston (2007), Ritual texts for the afterlife: Orpheus and the Bacchic Gold Tablets, 145; de Jáuregui (2010), Orphism and Christianity in Late Antiquity, 275, 278

7. None, None, nan (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Bacchanal, Bacchanalian • Bacchanalia

Found in books: Bernabe et al. (2013), Redefining Dionysos, 186; Gorain (2019), Language in the Confessions of Augustine, 164

8. Catullus, Poems, 64.254-64.264 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Bacchanal, Bacchanalian • Livys Bacchanalian narrative • Livys Bacchanalian narrative, caedes (murder) and stuprum in • Livys Bacchanalian narrative, noise and moral disorder equated in • Livys Bacchanalian narrative, on stuprum • Orphic, see Bacchic, initiation, mystery cults, rites • caedes (murder) and stuprum in Livys Bacchanalian narrative

Found in books: Bernabe et al. (2013), Redefining Dionysos, 188; Panoussi(2019), Brides, Mourners, Bacchae: Women's Rituals in Roman Literature, 124; de Jáuregui (2010), Orphism and Christianity in Late Antiquity, 3

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64.254 Who flocking eager to fray did rave with infuriate spirit, ^64.255 "Evoe" frenzying loud, with heads at "Evoe" rolling. ^64.256 Brandisht some of the maids their thyrsi sheathed of spear-point, ^64.257 Some snatcht limbs and joints of sturlings rended to pieces, ^64.258 These girt necks and waists with writhing bodies of vipers, ^64.259 Those with the gear enwombed in crates dark orgies ordained—' "^64.260 Orgies that ears profane must vainly lust for o'er hearing—" '^64.261 Others with palms on high smote hurried strokes on the cymbal, ^64.262 Or from the polisht brass woke thin-toned tinkling music, ^64.263 While from the many there boomed and blared hoarse blast of the horn-trump, ^64.264 And with its horrid skirl loud shrilled the barbarous bag-pipe'' None

9. Diodorus Siculus, Historical Library, 1.22.7, 4.3.3 (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Aristophanes, on Bacchic cult • Bacchanal, Bacchanalian • Bacchanalia affair • Bacchic • Bacchus and Bacchic rites • mysteries, mystery cults, Bacchic, Dionysiac

Found in books: Bernabe et al. (2013), Redefining Dionysos, 164, 186, 424; Brule (2003), Women of Ancient Greece, 23; Graf and Johnston (2007), Ritual texts for the afterlife: Orpheus and the Bacchic Gold Tablets, 148; Taylor and Hay (2020), Philo of Alexandria: On the Contemplative Life: Introduction, Translation and Commentary, 335; de Jáuregui (2010), Orphism and Christianity in Late Antiquity, 270

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1.22.7 \xa0Consequently the Greeks too, inasmuch as they received from Egypt the celebrations of the orgies and the festivals connected with Dionysus, honour this member in both the mysteries and the initiatory rites and sacrifices of this god, giving it the name "phallus." ^4.3.3 \xa0Consequently in many Greek cities every other year Bacchic bands of women gather, and it is lawful for the maidens to carry the thyrsus and to join in the frenzied revelry, crying out "Euai!" and honouring the god; while the matrons, forming in groups, offer sacrifices to the god and celebrate his mysteries and, in general, extol with hymns the presence of Dionysus, in this manner acting the part of the Maenads who, as history records, were of old the companions of the god.'' None

10. Ovid, Metamorphoses, 10.83-10.85, 11.7 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Bacchic • Bacchic rites, death of Orpheus and • Bacchic rites, military imagery and • Bacchic rites, negation of marriage and domesticity in • Orpheus and Eurydice, Bacchic rites and death of Orpheus • dance, bacchic • weddings and marriage, Bacchic negation of marriage and domesticity

Found in books: Gianvittorio-Ungar and Schlapbach (2021), Choreonarratives: Dancing Stories in Greek and Roman Antiquity and Beyond, 193; Panoussi(2019), Brides, Mourners, Bacchae: Women's Rituals in Roman Literature, 89, 98, 99; de Jáuregui (2010), Orphism and Christianity in Late Antiquity, 348

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10.83 Ille etiam Thracum populis fuit auctor amorem ^10.84 in teneros transferre mares citraque iuventam ^10.85 aetatis breve ver et primos carpere flores. ^11.7 “en,” ait “en hic est nostri contemptor!” et hastam'' None

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10.83 Eurydice, who still was held among ^10.84 the new-arriving shades, and she obeyed ^10.85 the call by walking to them with slow steps, ^11.7 attuning love songs to a sounding harp.'' None

11. Philo of Alexandria, On The Contemplative Life, 13 (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Bacchic rites • Bacchus and Bacchic rites

Found in books: Kraemer (2010), Unreliable Witnesses: Religion, Gender, and History in the Greco-Roman Mediterranean, 243; Taylor and Hay (2020), Philo of Alexandria: On the Contemplative Life: Introduction, Translation and Commentary, 142, 346

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13 Then, because of their anxious desire for an immortal and blessed existence, thinking that their mortal life has already come to an end, they leave their possessions to their sons or daughters, or perhaps to other relations, giving them up their inheritance with willing cheerfulness; and those who know no relations give their property to their companions or friends, for it followed of necessity that those who have acquired the wealth which sees, as if ready prepared for them, should be willing to surrender that wealth which is blind to those who themselves also are still blind in their minds. '' None

12. None, None, nan (1st cent. BCE - 1st cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Bacchanalian controversy • Bacchic poetics

Found in books: Lieu (2004), Christian Identity in the Jewish and Graeco-Roman World, 188; Xinyue (2022), Politics and Divinization in Augustan Poetry, 137

13. None, None, nan (1st cent. BCE - missingth cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Bacchanal, Bacchanalian • Bacchanalia affair • Bacchanalian affair • Bacchanalian controversy • Bacchic cult • Bacchic rites • Bacchic rites, Roman celebration of • Bacchic rites, Senatus consultum de Bacchanalibus • Bacchic rites, conflation with wedding and burial rites • Bacchic rites, decree related to • Bacchic rites, gendered elements • Bacchic rites, initiation into • Bacchic rites, problematic nature of womens agency in • Bacchic rites, purification associated with • Bacchic rites, revised rules • Bacchic rites, slaves involved in • Bacchus and Bacchic rites • Greek literature and practice, Bacchic rites • Livys Bacchanalian narrative • Livys Bacchanalian narrative, nighttime and secrecy/corruption in • Livys Bacchanalian narrative, noise and moral disorder equated in • Livys Bacchanalian narrative, on female sexual deviance • Livys Bacchanalian narrative, on stuprum • Livys Bacchanalian narrative, womens agency as problematic in • Prohibition, of the Bacchanals • burials and mourning, Bacchic rites conflated with • men, Bacchic service • purification and Bacchic rites • religions, Roman, Bacchic cult • sexuality , deviant female sexuality in Livys Bacchanalian narrative • weddings and marriage, Bacchic rites conflated with

Found in books: Ando and Ruepke (2006), Religion and Law in Classical and Christian Rome, 106; Bernabe et al. (2013), Redefining Dionysos, 187; Dijkstra and Raschle (2020), Religious Violence in the Ancient World: From Classical Athens to Late Antiquity, 91; Gunderson (2022), The Social Worlds of Ancient Jews and Christians: Essays in Honor of L. Michael White, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178; Jenkyns (2013), God, Space, and City in the Roman Imagination, 195, 196; Kraemer (2010), Unreliable Witnesses: Religion, Gender, and History in the Greco-Roman Mediterranean, 29; Lieu (2004), Christian Identity in the Jewish and Graeco-Roman World, 188, 262, 277; Panoussi(2019), Brides, Mourners, Bacchae: Women's Rituals in Roman Literature, 118, 120, 125, 132, 244; Taylor and Hay (2020), Philo of Alexandria: On the Contemplative Life: Introduction, Translation and Commentary, 142, 335

14. Apollodorus, Bibliotheca, 3.4.3 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Orphic tradition, Bacchic gold tablets • mysteries, mystery cults, Bacchic, Dionysiac

Found in books: Bernabe et al. (2013), Redefining Dionysos, 15; Eidinow and Kindt (2015), The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Greek Religion, 363

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3.4.3 Σεμέλης δὲ Ζεὺς ἐρασθεὶς Ἥρας κρύφα συνευνάζεται. ἡ δὲ ἐξαπατηθεῖσα ὑπὸ Ἥρας, κατανεύσαντος αὐτῇ Διὸς πᾶν τὸ αἰτηθὲν ποιήσειν, αἰτεῖται τοιοῦτον αὐτὸν ἐλθεῖν οἷος ἦλθε μνηστευόμενος Ἥραν. Ζεὺς δὲ μὴ δυνάμενος ἀνανεῦσαι παραγίνεται εἰς τὸν θάλαμον αὐτῆς ἐφʼ ἅρματος ἀστραπαῖς ὁμοῦ καὶ βρονταῖς, καὶ κεραυνὸν ἵησιν. Σεμέλης δὲ διὰ τὸν φόβον ἐκλιπούσης, ἑξαμηνιαῖον τὸ βρέφος ἐξαμβλωθὲν ἐκ τοῦ πυρὸς ἁρπάσας ἐνέρραψε τῷ μηρῷ. ἀποθανούσης δὲ Σεμέλης, αἱ λοιπαὶ Κάδμου θυγατέρες διήνεγκαν λόγον, συνηυνῆσθαι θνητῷ τινι Σεμέλην καὶ καταψεύσασθαι Διός, καὶ ὅτι 1 -- διὰ τοῦτο ἐκεραυνώθη. κατὰ δὲ τὸν χρόνον τὸν καθήκοντα Διόνυσον γεννᾷ Ζεὺς λύσας τὰ ῥάμματα, καὶ δίδωσιν Ἑρμῇ. ὁ δὲ κομίζει πρὸς Ἰνὼ καὶ Ἀθάμαντα καὶ πείθει τρέφειν ὡς κόρην. ἀγανακτήσασα δὲ Ἥρα μανίαν αὐτοῖς ἐνέβαλε, καὶ Ἀθάμας μὲν τὸν πρεσβύτερον παῖδα Λέαρχον ὡς ἔλαφον θηρεύσας ἀπέκτεινεν, Ἰνὼ δὲ τὸν Μελικέρτην εἰς πεπυρωμένον λέβητα ῥίψασα, εἶτα βαστάσασα μετὰ νεκροῦ τοῦ παιδὸς ἥλατο κατὰ βυθοῦ. 1 -- καὶ Λευκοθέα μὲν αὐτὴν καλεῖται, Παλαίμων δὲ ὁ παῖς, οὕτως ὀνομασθέντες ὑπὸ τῶν πλεόντων· τοῖς χειμαζομένοις γὰρ βοηθοῦσιν. ἐτέθη δὲ ἐπὶ Μελικέρτῃ ὁ 2 -- ἀγὼν τῶν Ἰσθμίων, Σισύφου θέντος. Διόνυσον δὲ Ζεὺς εἰς ἔριφον ἀλλάξας τὸν Ἥρας θυμὸν ἔκλεψε, καὶ λαβὼν αὐτὸν Ἑρμῆς πρὸς νύμφας ἐκόμισεν ἐν Νύσῃ κατοικούσας τῆς Ἀσίας, ἃς ὕστερον Ζεὺς καταστερίσας ὠνόμασεν Ὑάδας.'' None

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3.4.3 But Zeus loved Semele and bedded with her unknown to Hera. Now Zeus had agreed to do for her whatever she asked, and deceived by Hera she asked that he would come to her as he came when he was wooing Hera. Unable to refuse, Zeus came to her bridal chamber in a chariot, with lightnings and thunderings, and launched a thunderbolt. But Semele expired of fright, and Zeus, snatching the sixth-month abortive child from the fire, sewed it in his thigh. On the death of Semele the other daughters of Cadmus spread a report that Semele had bedded with a mortal man, and had falsely accused Zeus, and that therefore she had been blasted by thunder. But at the proper time Zeus undid the stitches and gave birth to Dionysus, and entrusted him to Hermes. And he conveyed him to Ino and Athamas, and persuaded them to rear him as a girl. But Hera indigtly drove them mad, and Athamas hunted his elder son Learchus as a deer and killed him, and Ino threw Melicertes into a boiling cauldron, then carrying it with the dead child she sprang into the deep. And she herself is called Leucothea, and the boy is called Palaemon, such being the names they get from sailors; for they succour storm-tossed mariners. And the Isthmian games were instituted by Sisyphus in honor of Melicertes. But Zeus eluded the wrath of Hera by turning Dionysus into a kid, and Hermes took him and brought him to the nymphs who dwelt at Nysa in Asia, whom Zeus afterwards changed into stars and named them the Hyades.'' None

15. New Testament, Mark, 14.26 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Bacchic cult • Bacchic imagery

Found in books: Gianvittorio-Ungar and Schlapbach (2021), Choreonarratives: Dancing Stories in Greek and Roman Antiquity and Beyond, 96; Jenkyns (2013), God, Space, and City in the Roman Imagination, 203

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14.26 Καὶ ὑμνήσαντες ἐξῆλθον εἰς τὸ Ὄρος τῶν Ἐλαιῶν.'' None

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14.26 When they had sung a hymn, they went out to the Mount of Olives. '' None

16. New Testament, Matthew, 26.30 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Bacchic cult • Bacchic imagery

Found in books: Gianvittorio-Ungar and Schlapbach (2021), Choreonarratives: Dancing Stories in Greek and Roman Antiquity and Beyond, 96; Jenkyns (2013), God, Space, and City in the Roman Imagination, 203

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26.30 Καὶ ὑμνήσαντες ἐξῆλθον εἰς τὸ Ὄρος τῶν Ἐλαιῶν.'' None

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26.30 When they had sung a hymn, they went out to the Mount of Olives. '' None

17. Suetonius, Nero, 16.2 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Bacchanalian affair • Bacchanalian controversy

Found in books: Gunderson (2022), The Social Worlds of Ancient Jews and Christians: Essays in Honor of L. Michael White, 177; Lieu (2004), Christian Identity in the Jewish and Graeco-Roman World, 262

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16.2 During his reign many abuses were severely punished and put down, and no fewer new laws were made: a\xa0limit was set to expenditures; the public banquets were confined to a distribution of food; the sale of any kind of cooked viands in the taverns was forbidden, with the exception of pulse and vegetables, whereas before every sort of dainty was exposed for sale. Punishment was inflicted on the Christians, a class of men given to a new and mischievous superstition. He put an end to the diversions of the chariot drivers, who from immunity of long standing claimed the right of ranging at large and amusing themselves by cheating and robbing the people. The pantomimic actors and their partisans were banished from the city.'' None

18. None, None, nan (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Bacchic rites, in Statius Thebaid • male offspring, Bacchic killing of • mysteries, mystery cults, Bacchic, Dionysiac • war dead, burial of, Bacchic rites in

Found in books: Bernabe et al. (2013), Redefining Dionysos, 8; Panoussi(2019), Brides, Mourners, Bacchae: Women's Rituals in Roman Literature, 104, 107, 108, 109

19. None, None, nan (2nd cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Bacchanalian affair • Bacchic cult

Found in books: Gunderson (2022), The Social Worlds of Ancient Jews and Christians: Essays in Honor of L. Michael White, 163, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, 180; Jenkyns (2013), God, Space, and City in the Roman Imagination, 203

20. Augustine, The City of God, 7.21 (4th cent. CE - 5th cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Bacchanalia • Bacchic rites, slaves involved in • Greek literature and practice, Bacchic rites

Found in books: Gorain (2019), Language in the Confessions of Augustine, 13; Panoussi(2019), Brides, Mourners, Bacchae: Women's Rituals in Roman Literature, 242

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7.21 Now as to the rites of Liber, whom they have set over liquid seeds, and therefore not only over the liquors of fruits, among which wine holds, so to speak, the primacy, but also over the seeds of animals:- as to these rites, I am unwilling to undertake to show to what excess of turpitude they had reached, because that would entail a lengthened discourse, though I am not unwilling to do so as a demonstration of the proud stupidity of those who practise them. Among other rites which I am compelled from the greatness of their number to omit, Varro says that in Italy, at the places where roads crossed each other the rites of Liber were celebrated with such unrestrained turpitude, that the private parts of a man were worshipped in his honor. Nor was this abomination transacted in secret that some regard at least might be paid to modesty, but was openly and wantonly displayed. For during the festival of Liber this obscene member, placed on a car, was carried with great honor, first over the crossroads in the country, and then into the city. But in the town of Lavinium a whole month was devoted to Liber alone, during the days of which all the people gave themselves up to the must dissolute conversation, until that member had been carried through the forum and brought to rest in its own place; on which unseemly member it was necessary that the most honorable matron should place a wreath in the presence of all the people. Thus, forsooth, was the god Liber to be appeased in order to the growth of seeds. Thus was enchantment to be driven away from fields, even by a matron's being compelled to do in public what not even a harlot ought to be permitted to do in a theatre, if there were matrons among the spectators. For these reasons, then, Saturn alone was not believed to be sufficient for seeds - namely, that the impure mind might find occasions for multiplying the gods; and that, being righteously abandoned to uncleanness by the one true God, and being prostituted to the worship of many false gods, through an avidity for ever greater and greater uncleanness, it should call these sacrilegious rites sacred things, and should abandon itself to be violated and polluted by crowds of foul demons. "" None

21. None, None, nan (4th cent. CE - 5th cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Orphic, see Bacchic, initiation, mystery cults, rites • mysteries, mystery cults, Bacchic, Dionysiac

Found in books: Bernabe et al. (2013), Redefining Dionysos, 476; de Jáuregui (2010), Orphism and Christianity in Late Antiquity, 116

22. Strabo, Geography, 10.3.10
Tagged with subjects: • Bacchic imagery • Bacchus and Bacchic rites

Found in books: Gianvittorio-Ungar and Schlapbach (2021), Choreonarratives: Dancing Stories in Greek and Roman Antiquity and Beyond, 90; Taylor and Hay (2020), Philo of Alexandria: On the Contemplative Life: Introduction, Translation and Commentary, 142

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10.3.10 And on this account Plato, and even before his time the Pythagoreians, called philosophy music; and they say that the universe is constituted in accordance with harmony, assuming that every form of music is the work of the gods. And in this sense, also, the Muses are goddesses, and Apollo is leader of the Muses, and poetry as a whole is laudatory of the gods. And by the same course of reasoning they also attribute to music the upbuilding of morals, believing that everything which tends to correct the mind is close to the gods. Now most of the Greeks assigned to Dionysus, Apollo, Hecate, the Muses, and above all to Demeter, everything of an orgiastic or Bacchic or choral nature, as well as the mystic element in initiations; and they give the name Iacchus not only to Dionysus but also to the leader-in-chief of the mysteries, who is the genius of Demeter. And branch-bearing, choral dancing, and initiations are common elements in the worship of these gods. As for the Muses and Apollo, the Muses preside over the choruses, whereas Apollo presides both over these and the rites of divination. But all educated men, and especially the musicians, are ministers of the Muses; and both these and those who have to do with divination are ministers of Apollo; and the initiated and torch-bearers and hierophants, of Demeter; and the Sileni and Satyri and Bacchae, and also the Lenae and Thyiae and Mimallones and Naides and Nymphae and the beings called Tityri, of Dionysus.'' None

23. Vergil, Aeneis, 8.698
Tagged with subjects: • Bacchanalia affair • Bacchic poetics

Found in books: Dijkstra and Raschle (2020), Religious Violence in the Ancient World: From Classical Athens to Late Antiquity, 97; Xinyue (2022), Politics and Divinization in Augustan Poetry, 135, 136

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8.698 omnigenumque deum monstra et latrator Anubis'' None

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8.698 Aeneas and Achates, sad at heart, '' None

24. Vergil, Georgics, 4.520-4.523
Tagged with subjects: • Bacchic rites, Matralia and cult of Mater Matuta in Ovids Fasti • Bacchic rites, death of Orpheus and • Matralia and cult of Mater Matuta, Bacchic rites in • Orpheus and Eurydice, Bacchic rites and death of Orpheus • dance, bacchic

Found in books: Gianvittorio-Ungar and Schlapbach (2021), Choreonarratives: Dancing Stories in Greek and Roman Antiquity and Beyond, 193; Panoussi(2019), Brides, Mourners, Bacchae: Women's Rituals in Roman Literature, 194

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4.520 dona querens; spretae Ciconum quo munere matres ^4.521 inter sacra deum nocturnique orgia Bacchi ^4.522 discerptum latos iuvenem sparsere per agros. ^4.523 Tum quoque marmorea caput a cervice revulsum'' None

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4.520 To bristly boar, fell tigress, dragon scaled, ^4.521 And tawny-tufted lioness, or send forth ^4.522 A crackling sound of fire, and so shake of ^4.523 The fetters, or in showery drops anon'' None

25. None, None, nan
Tagged with subjects: • Bacchic • Bacchic rites • Eleusinian, Orpheus, Orphic, Samothracian,Bacchic, Dionysiac • Orphic, see Bacchic, initiation, mystery cults, rites • mysteries, mystery cults, Bacchic, Dionysiac

Found in books: Bernabe et al. (2013), Redefining Dionysos, 241, 434; Ebrey and Kraut (2022), The Cambridge Companion to Plato, 2nd ed, 257; de Jáuregui (2010), Orphism and Christianity in Late Antiquity, 3, 165, 169

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Tiresias: The Ancient Mediterranean Religions Source Database