The Ancient Mediterranean Religions Index Database

Results for
Please note: the results are produced through a computerized process which may frequently lead to errors, both in incorrect tagging and in other issues. Please use with caution.
Due to load times, full text fetching is currently attempted for validated results only.
Full texts for Hebrew Bible and rabbinic texts is kindly supplied by Sefaria; for Greek and Latin texts, by Perseus Scaife, for the Quran, by Tanzil.net

For a list of book indices included, see here.

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All subjects (including unvalidated):

subject	book bibliographic info
baal	Avery Peck et al. (2014) 174, 176, 184, 186, 187 Bernabe et al (2013) 267 Bickerman and Tropper (2007) 953, 977, 981, 994 Bortolani et al (2019) 5, 66 Bricault and Bonnet (2013) 115, 119 Cain (2016) 157, 191 Collins (2016) 24, 125, 126, 127, 128 Dijkstra and Raschle (2020) 29, 166 Faßbeck and Killebrew (2016) 49, 80, 311, 312, 325, 330, 334, 338 Giusti (2018) 86, 200 Gordon (2020) 142, 143 Konig (2022) 71, 72, 74 Luck (2006) 208 Nissinen and Uro (2008) 182, 233, 284, 286, 295 Novenson (2020) 39, 42, 43, 60 de Jáuregui et al. (2011) 70, 71, 72, 100
baal, anat and	Sneed (2022) 37
baal, and his feast	Sneed (2022) 51
baal, as a fertility deity	Sneed (2022) 60
baal, as ambivalent	Sneed (2022) 37
baal, as lord river	Sneed (2022) 37
baal, cycle	Sneed (2022) 53, 57
baal, cycle, as backstory	Sneed (2022) 46
baal, divinities, ancient near eastern	Renberg (2017) 42, 43
baal, enthroned on floods	Sneed (2022) 52
baal, god	Eidinow and Kindt (2015) 376, 377
baal, god in near east	Feldman (2006) 45
baal, hammon	Bremmer (2008) 84
baal, hammon, punic deity	Stavrianopoulou (2013) 269
baal, hamon	Binder (2012) 8
baal, of gaziura, temple	Marek (2019) 265
baal, of the northland	Avery Peck et al. (2014) 179
baal, peor	Wilson (2010) 135, 142, 145
baal, saphon	Bickerman and Tropper (2007) 955
baal, shamaim	Bickerman and Tropper (2007) 953, 977
baal, shem tov	Bickerman and Tropper (2007) 677, 678, 679, 690 Poorthuis and Schwartz (2014) 378, 379, 380, 386
baal, versus lotan	Sneed (2022) 37
baal, versus yamm	Sneed (2022) 33, 46
baal, yamm, versus	Sneed (2022) 46
baalanot, citizens of baal	Salvesen et al (2020) 58
ba’al hammon, cult of	Bruun and Edmondson (2015) 425
ejaculants/baal, qeri	Cohen (2010) 388, 395, 396, 397, 404, 405, 406

List of validated texts:

6 validated results for "baal"

1. Hebrew Bible, Deuteronomy, 12.3, 23.11, 23.13-23.14, 33.2 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Baal • ejaculants/baal qeri

Found in books: Avery Peck et al. (2014) 186; Cohen (2010) 388, 396, 397; Faßbeck and Killebrew (2016) 311, 312, 325; Konig (2022) 71; Novenson (2020) 39

12.3. הִשָּׁמֶר לְךָ פֶּן־תִּנָּקֵשׁ אַחֲרֵיהֶם אַחֲרֵי הִשָּׁמְדָם מִפָּנֶיךָ וּפֶן־תִּדְרֹשׁ לֵאלֹהֵיהֶם לֵאמֹר אֵיכָה יַעַבְדוּ הַגּוֹיִם הָאֵלֶּה אֶת־אֱלֹהֵיהֶם וְאֶעֱשֶׂה־כֵּן גַּם־אָנִי׃
12.3. וְנִתַּצְתֶּם אֶת־מִזְבּחֹתָם וְשִׁבַּרְתֶּם אֶת־מַצֵּבֹתָם וַאֲשֵׁרֵיהֶם תִּשְׂרְפוּן בָּאֵשׁ וּפְסִילֵי אֱלֹהֵיהֶם תְּגַדֵּעוּן וְאִבַּדְתֶּם אֶת־שְׁמָם מִן־הַמָּקוֹם הַהוּא׃
23.11. כִּי־יִהְיֶה בְךָ אִישׁ אֲשֶׁר לֹא־יִהְיֶה טָהוֹר מִקְּרֵה־לָיְלָה וְיָצָא אֶל־מִחוּץ לַמַּחֲנֶה לֹא יָבֹא אֶל־תּוֹךְ הַמַּחֲנֶה׃
23.13. וְיָד תִּהְיֶה לְךָ מִחוּץ לַמַּחֲנֶה וְיָצָאתָ שָׁמָּה חוּץ׃ 23.14. וְיָתֵד תִּהְיֶה לְךָ עַל־אֲזֵנֶךָ וְהָיָה בְּשִׁבְתְּךָ חוּץ וְחָפַרְתָּה בָהּ וְשַׁבְתָּ וְכִסִּיתָ אֶת־צֵאָתֶךָ׃
33.2. וַיֹּאמַר יְהוָה מִסִּינַי בָּא וְזָרַח מִשֵּׂעִיר לָמוֹ הוֹפִיעַ מֵהַר פָּארָן וְאָתָה מֵרִבְבֹת קֹדֶשׁ מִימִינוֹ אשדת אֵשׁ דָּת לָמוֹ׃
33.2. וּלְגָד אָמַר בָּרוּךְ מַרְחִיב גָּד כְּלָבִיא שָׁכֵן וְטָרַף זְרוֹעַ אַף־קָדְקֹד׃''. None

12.3. And ye shall break down their altars, and dash in pieces their pillars, and burn their Asherim with fire; and ye shall hew down the graven images of their gods; and ye shall destroy their name out of that place.
23.11. If there be among you any man, that is not clean by reason of that which chanceth him by night, then shall he go abroad out of the camp, he shall not come within the camp.
23.13. Thou shalt have a place also without the camp, whither thou shalt go forth abroad. 23.14. And thou shalt have a paddle among thy weapons; and it shall be, when thou sittest down abroad, thou shalt dig therewith, and shalt turn back and cover that which cometh from thee.
33.2. And he said: The LORD came from Sinai, And rose from Seir unto them; He shined forth from mount Paran, And He came from the myriads holy, At His right hand was a fiery law unto them.''. None

2. Hebrew Bible, Psalms, 74.13 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Baal • Baal Cycle • Baal, and his feast • Baal, as a fertility deity • Baal-Anat Cycle

Found in books: Collins (2016) 125, 126, 127; Sneed (2022) 51, 57, 60; Trudinger (2004) 210

74.13. אַתָּה פוֹרַרְתָּ בְעָזְּךָ יָם שִׁבַּרְתָּ רָאשֵׁי תַנִּינִים עַל־הַמָּיִם׃' '. None

74.13. Thou didst break the sea in pieces by Thy strength; Thou didst shatter the heads of the sea-monsters in the waters.' '. None

3. Hebrew Bible, 1 Kings, 18.19 (8th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Baal

Found in books: Avery Peck et al. (2014) 184; Gordon (2020) 143

18.19. וְעַתָּה שְׁלַח קְבֹץ אֵלַי אֶת־כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵל אֶל־הַר הַכַּרְמֶל וְאֶת־נְבִיאֵי הַבַּעַל אַרְבַּע מֵאוֹת וַחֲמִשִּׁים וּנְבִיאֵי הָאֲשֵׁרָה אַרְבַּע מֵאוֹת אֹכְלֵי שֻׁלְחַן אִיזָבֶל׃''. None

18.19. Now therefore send, and gather to me all Israel unto mount Carmel, and the prophets of Baal four hundred and fifty, and the prophets of the Asherah four hundred, that eat at Jezebel’s table.’''. None

4. Hebrew Bible, Jeremiah, 44.17 (8th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Baal

Found in books: Faßbeck and Killebrew (2016) 334; Nissinen and Uro (2008) 182

44.17. כִּי עָשֹׂה נַעֲשֶׂה אֶת־כָּל־הַדָּבָר אֲשֶׁר־יָצָא מִפִּינוּ לְקַטֵּר לִמְלֶכֶת הַשָּׁמַיִם וְהַסֵּיךְ־לָהּ נְסָכִים כַּאֲשֶׁר עָשִׂינוּ אֲנַחְנוּ וַאֲבֹתֵינוּ מְלָכֵינוּ וְשָׂרֵינוּ בְּעָרֵי יְהוּדָה וּבְחֻצוֹת יְרוּשָׁלִָם וַנִּשְׂבַּע־לֶחֶם וַנִּהְיֶה טוֹבִים וְרָעָה לֹא רָאִינוּ׃''. None

44.17. But we will certainly perform every word that is gone forth out of our mouth, to offer unto the queen of heaven, and to pour out drink-offerings unto her, as we have done, we and our fathers, our kings and our princes, in the cities of Judah, and in the streets of Jerusalem; for then had we plenty of food, and were well, and saw no evil.''. None

5. Hebrew Bible, Judges, 18.19 (8th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Baal

Found in books: Cain (2016) 157; Faßbeck and Killebrew (2016) 334

18.19. וַיֹּאמְרוּ לוֹ הַחֲרֵשׁ שִׂים־יָדְךָ עַל־פִּיךָ וְלֵךְ עִמָּנוּ וֶהְיֵה־לָנוּ לְאָב וּלְכֹהֵן הֲטוֹב הֱיוֹתְךָ כֹהֵן לְבֵית אִישׁ אֶחָד אוֹ הֱיוֹתְךָ כֹהֵן לְשֵׁבֶט וּלְמִשְׁפָּחָה בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל׃''. None

18.19. And they said to him, Hold thy peace, lay thy hand upon thy mouth, and go with us, and be to us a father and a priest: is it better for thee to be a priest to the house of one man, or that thou be a priest to a whole tribe and a family in Yisra᾽el?''. None

6. Homer, Iliad, 5.338 (8th cent. BCE - 7th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Baal • Baal-Anath text, Near Eastern epic, parallel with Homer

Found in books: Bernabe et al (2013) 267; Feldman (2006) 46

5.338. ἀμβροσίου διὰ πέπλου, ὅν οἱ Χάριτες κάμον αὐταί,''. None

5.338. then the son of great-souled Tydeus thrust with his sharp spear and leapt upon her, and wounded the surface of her delicate hand, and forthwith through the ambrosial raiment that the Graces themselves had wrought for her the spear pierced the flesh upon the wrist above the palm and forth flowed the immortal blood of the goddess, ''. None

Please note: the results are produced through a computerized process which may frequently lead to errors, both in incorrect tagging and in other issues. Please use with caution.
Due to load times, full text fetching is currently attempted for validated results only.
Full texts for Hebrew Bible and rabbinic texts is kindly supplied by Sefaria; for Greek and Latin texts, by Perseus Scaife, for the Quran, by Tanzil.net

For a list of book indices included, see here.

Tiresias: The Ancient Mediterranean Religions Source Database