1. Tacitus, Histories, 5.13 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •avidius cassius, roman general Found in books: Rizzi (2010) 138 | 5.13. Prodigies had indeed occurred, but to avert them either by victims or by vows is held unlawful by a people which, though prone to superstition, is opposed to all propitiatory rites. Contending hosts were seen meeting in the skies, arms flashed, and suddenly the temple was illumined with fire from the clouds. of a sudden the doors of the shrine opened and a superhuman voice cried: "The gods are departing": at the same moment the mighty stir of their going was heard. Few interpreted these omens as fearful; the majority firmly believed that their ancient priestly writings contained the prophecy that this was the very time when the East should grow strong and that men starting from Judea should possess the world. This mysterious prophecy had in reality pointed to Vespasian and Titus, but the common people, as is the way of human ambition, interpreted these great destinies in their own favour, and could not be turned to the truth even by adversity. We have heard that the total number of the besieged of every age and both sexes was six hundred thousand; there were arms for all who could use them, and the number ready to fight was larger than could have been anticipated from the total population. Both men and women showed the same determination; and if they were to be forced to change their home, they feared life more than death. Such was the city and people against which Titus Caesar now proceeded; since the nature of the ground did not allow him to assault or employ any sudden operations, he decided to use earthworks and mantlets; the legions were assigned to their several tasks, and there was a respite of fighting until they made ready every device for storming a town that the ancients had ever employed or modern ingenuity invented. |
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| 2. Tertullian, To Scapula, 2.5 (2nd cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •avidius cassius, roman general Found in books: Rizzi (2010) 133 |
3. Tertullian, Apology, 5.6, 9.9, 35.9 (2nd cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •avidius cassius, roman general Found in books: Rizzi (2010) 135| 5.6. accusatoribus damnatione, et quidem tetriore. Quales ergo leges istae quas adversus nos soli exercent impii, iniusti, turpes, truces, vani, dementes? quas Traianus ex parte frustratus est vetando inquiri Christianos, quas nullus Hadrianus, quamquam omnium curiositatum explorator, nullus Vespasianus, quamquam Iudaeorum debellator, nullus Pius, nullus verus inpressit. 9.9. quemque a suis comedi. Longe excurro. 35.9. | |
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| 4. Tertullian, On Flight In Persecution, 9.4 (2nd cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •avidius cassius, roman general Found in books: Rizzi (2010) 134 |
5. Theophilus, To Autolycus, 1.11 (2nd cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •avidius cassius, roman general Found in books: Rizzi (2010) 134 | 1.11. Wherefore I will rather honour the king [than your gods], not, indeed, worshipping him, but praying for him. But God, the living and true God, I worship, knowing that the king is made by Him. You will say, then, to me, Why do you not worship the king? Because he is not made to be worshipped, but to be reverenced with lawful honour, for he is not a god, but a man appointed by God, not to be worshipped, but to judge justly. For in a kind of way his government is committed to him by God: as He will not have those called kings whom He has appointed under Himself; for king is his title, and it is not lawful for another to use it; so neither is it lawful for any to be worshipped but God only. Wherefore, O man, you are wholly in error. Accordingly, honour the king, be subject to him, and pray for him with loyal mind; for if you do this, you do the will of God. For the law that is of God, says, My son, fear the Lord and the king, and be not disobedient to them; for suddenly they shall take vengeance on their enemies. |
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| 6. Minucius Felix, Octavius, 30.5 (2nd cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •avidius cassius, roman general Found in books: Rizzi (2010) 135 |
7. Athenagoras, Apology Or Embassy For The Christians, 35 (2nd cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •avidius cassius, roman general Found in books: Rizzi (2010) 134 | 35. What man of sound mind, therefore, will affirm, while such is our character, that we are murderers? For we cannot eat human flesh till we have killed some one. The former charge, therefore, being false, if any one should ask them in regard to the second, whether they have seen what they assert, not one of them would be so barefaced as to say that he had. And yet we have slaves, some more and some fewer, by whom we could not help being seen; but even of these, not one has been found to invent even such things against us. For when they know that we cannot endure even to see a man put to death, though justly; who of them can accuse us of murder or cannibalism? Who does not reckon among the things of greatest interest the contests of gladiators and wild beasts, especially those which are given by you? But we, deeming that to see a man put to death is much the same as killing him, have abjured such spectacles. How, then, when we do not even look on, lest we should contract guilt and pollution, can we put people to death? And when we say that those women who use drugs to bring on abortion commit murder, and will have to give an account to God for the abortion, on what principle should we commit murder? For it does not belong to the same person to regard the very fœtus in the womb as a created being, and therefore an object of God's care, and when it has passed into life, to kill it; and not to expose an infant, because those who expose them are chargeable with child-murder, and on the other hand, when it has been reared to destroy it. But we are in all things always alike and the same, submitting ourselves to reason, and not ruling over it. |
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| 8. Cassius Dio, Roman History, 72.27-72.28 (2nd cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •avidius cassius, roman general Found in books: Rizzi (2010) 134 |
| 9. Clement of Alexandria, Exhortation To The Greeks, 4.42, 4.47 (2nd cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •avidius cassius, roman general Found in books: Rizzi (2010) 135 |
10. Eusebius of Caesarea, Ecclesiastical History, 5.6.18-5.6.19, 6.2.3, 6.3.3-6.3.5, 6.3.11-6.3.12, 6.8.1 (3rd cent. CE - 4th cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Rizzi (2010) 134, 137 | 6.2.3. As the flame of persecution had been kindled greatly, and multitudes had gained the crown of martyrdom, such desire for martyrdom seized the soul of Origen, although yet a boy, that he went close to danger, springing forward and rushing to the conflict in his eagerness. 6.3.3. He was in his eighteenth year when he took charge of the catechetical school. He was prominent also at this time, during the persecution under Aquila, the governor of Alexandria, when his name became celebrated among the leaders in the faith, through the kindness and goodwill which he manifested toward all the holy martyrs, whether known to him or strangers. 6.3.4. For not only was he with them while in bonds, and until their final condemnation, but when the holy martyrs were led to death, he was very bold and went with them into danger. So that as he acted bravely, and with great boldness saluted the martyrs with a kiss, oftentimes the heathen multitude round about them became infuriated, and were on the point of rushing upon him. 6.3.5. But through the helping hand of God, he escaped absolutely and marvelously. And this same divine and heavenly power, again and again, it is impossible to say how often, on account of his great zeal and boldness for the words of Christ, guarded him when thus endangered. So great was the enmity of the unbelievers toward him, on account of the multitude that were instructed by him in the sacred faith, that they placed bands of soldiers around the house where he abode. 6.3.11. With a zeal beyond his age he continued in cold and nakedness; and, going to the very extreme of poverty, he greatly astonished those about him. And indeed he grieved many of his friends who desired to share their possessions with him, on account of the wearisome toil which they saw him enduring in the teaching of divine things. 6.3.12. But he did not relax his perseverance. He is said to have walked for a number of years never wearing a shoe, and, for a great many years, to have abstained from the use of wine, and of all other things beyond his necessary food; so that he was in danger of breaking down and destroying his constitution. 6.8.1. At this time while Origen was conducting catechetical instruction at Alexandria, a deed was done by him which evidenced an immature and youthful mind, but at the same time gave the highest proof of faith and continence. For he took the words, There are eunuchs who have made themselves eunuchs for the kingdom of heaven's sake, in too literal and extreme a sense. And in order to fulfill the Saviour's word, and at the same time to take away from the unbelievers all opportunity for scandal, — for, although young, he met for the study of divine things with women as well as men, — he carried out in action the word of the Saviour. |
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| 11. Athanasius, Life of Anthony, 91, 90 (3rd cent. CE - 4th cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Rizzi (2010) 135 |
| 12. Socrates Scholasticus, Ecclesiastical History, 5.16 (4th cent. CE - 5th cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •avidius cassius, roman general Found in books: Rizzi (2010) 136 |
| 13. Epiphanius, Panarion, 49.1 (4th cent. CE - 5th cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •avidius cassius, roman general Found in books: Rizzi (2010) 134 |
| 14. Jerome, Chronicon Eusebii (Interpretatio Chronicae Eusebii Pamphili), None (5th cent. CE - 5th cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •avidius cassius, roman general Found in books: Rizzi (2010) 135 |
| 15. Papyri, Bgu, 2.625 Tagged with subjects: •avidius cassius, roman general Found in books: Rizzi (2010) 131 |
16. Strabo, Geography, 17.1.6 Tagged with subjects: •avidius cassius, roman general Found in books: Rizzi (2010) 131 | 17.1.6. As Alexandreia and its neighbourhood occupy the greatest and principal portion of the description, I shall begin with it.In sailing towards the west, the sea-coast from Pelusium to the Canobic mouth of the Nile is about 1300 stadia in extent, and constitutes, as we have said, the base of the Delta. Thence to the island Pharos are 150 stadia more.Pharos is a small oblong island, and lies quite close to the continent, forming towards it a harbour with a double entrance. For the coast abounds with bays, and has two promontories projecting into the sea. The island is situated between these, and shuts in the bay, lying lengthways in front of it.of the extremities of the Pharos, the eastern is nearest to the continent and to the promontory in that direction, called Lochias, which is the cause of the entrance to the port being narrow. Besides the narrowness of the passage, there are rocks, some under water, others rising above it, which at all times increase the violence of the waves rolling in upon them from the open sea. This extremity itself of the island is a rock, washed by the sea on all sides, with a tower upon it of the same name as the island, admirably constructed of white marble, with several stories. Sostratus of Cnidus, a friend of the kings, erected it for the safety of mariners, as the inscription imports. For as the coast on each side is low and without harbours, with reefs and shallows, an elevated and conspicuous mark was required to enable navigators coming in from the open sea to direct their course exactly to the entrance of the harbour.The western mouth does not afford an easy entrance, but it does not require the same degree of caution as the other. It forms also another port, which has the name of Eunostus, or Happy Return: it lies in front of the artificial and close harbour. That which has its entrance at the above-mentioned tower of Pharos is the great harbour. These (two) lie contiguous in the recess called Heptastadium, and are separated from it by a mound. This mound forms a bridge from the continent to the island, and extends along its western side, leaving two passages only through it to the harbour of Eunostus, which are bridged over. But this work served not only as a bridge, but as an aqueduct also, when the island was inhabited. Divus Caesar devastated the island, in his war against the people of Alexandreia, when they espoused the party of the kings. A few sailors live near the tower.The great harbour, in addition to its being well enclosed by the mound and by nature, is of sufficient depth near the shore to allow the largest vessel to anchor near the stairs. It is also divided into several ports.The former kings of Egypt, satisfied with what they possessed, and not desirous of foreign commerce, entertained a dislike to all mariners, especially the Greeks (who, on account of the poverty of their own country, ravaged and coveted the property of other nations), and stationed a guard here, who had orders to keep off all persons who approached. To the guard was assigned as a place of residence the spot called Rhacotis, which is now a part of the city of Alexandreia, situated above the arsenal. At that time, however, it was a village. The country about the village was given up to herdsmen, who were also able (from their numbers) to prevent strangers from entering the country.When Alexander arrived, and perceived the advantages of the situation, he determined to build the city on the (natural) harbour. The prosperity of the place, which ensued, was intimated, it is said, by a presage which occurred while the plan of the city was tracing. The architects were engaged in marking out the line of the wall with chalk, and had consumed it all, when the king arrived; upon which the dispensers of flour supplied the workmen with a part of the flour, which was provided for their own use; and this substance was used in tracing the greater part of the divisions of the streets. This, they said, was a good omen for the city. |
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| 17. Historia Augusta, M. Ant., 13.6 Tagged with subjects: •avidius cassius, roman general Found in books: Rizzi (2010) 134 |
| 19. Papyri, W. Chr, 21 Tagged with subjects: •avidius cassius, roman general Found in books: Rizzi (2010) 131 |
| 21. Papyri, P. Berlleihg, 1.10 Tagged with subjects: •avidius cassius, roman general Found in books: Rizzi (2010) 133 |
| 23. Papyri, P. Strasb, 5.381 Tagged with subjects: •avidius cassius, roman general Found in books: Rizzi (2010) 133 |
| 24. Papyri, P. Heid, 7.400 Tagged with subjects: •avidius cassius, roman general Found in books: Rizzi (2010) 131 |
| 25. Papyri, Sel. Pap., 1.120 Tagged with subjects: •avidius cassius, roman general Found in books: Rizzi (2010) 131 |
| 27. Epigraphy, Cil, 3.6578 Tagged with subjects: •avidius cassius, roman general Found in books: Rizzi (2010) 131 |
| 28. Papyri, P.Ups.8, 57 Tagged with subjects: •avidius cassius, roman general Found in books: Rizzi (2010) 131 |
