The Ancient Mediterranean Religions Index Database

Results for
Please note: the results are produced through a computerized process which may frequently lead to errors, both in incorrect tagging and in other issues. Please use with caution.
Due to load times, full text fetching is currently attempted for validated results only.
Full texts for Hebrew Bible and rabbinic texts is kindly supplied by Sefaria; for Greek and Latin texts, by Perseus Scaife, for the Quran, by Tanzil.net

For a list of book indices included, see here.

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All subjects (including unvalidated):

subject	book bibliographic info
alexandra	Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 92, 93, 97, 100, 105, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 118, 119, 120, 210
alexandra, aeschylus, and the	Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 97, 99, 109, 115
alexandra, aetiology/allusions to cults in	Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 109, 110
alexandra, and aeschylus	Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 115
alexandra, and antimachus	Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 119
alexandra, and callimachus	Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 119
alexandra, and catalogue poetry	Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 109, 113
alexandra, and epic	Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 109, 112, 119
alexandra, and eratosthenes	Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 119
alexandra, and herodotus	Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 109, 115
alexandra, and history/historiography	Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 111, 112, 113, 119
alexandra, and laments for the fall of cities	Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 113
alexandra, and mythography	Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 119
alexandra, and philostephanus	Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 119
alexandra, and rome	Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 108, 110, 116, 118, 119, 120
alexandra, and stesichorus	Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 119
alexandra, and the epinician hymn	Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 119
alexandra, and the hymn	Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 114
alexandra, and the sibylline oracles	Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 113, 114
alexandra, and the ‘oracle of the potter’	Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 114
alexandra, and timaeus, the historian	Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 115
alexandra, and tragedy	Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 114, 115, 119
alexandra, attalids	Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 118
alexandra, authorship and date	Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 116, 118, 119, 120
alexandra, cassandra, as	Pillinger (2019), Cassandra and the Poetics of Prophecy in Greek and Latin Literature, 116
alexandra, characters, tragic/mythical, cassandra	Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 99, 106, 107, 140, 201
alexandra, choral voices in	Pillinger (2019), Cassandra and the Poetics of Prophecy in Greek and Latin Literature, 129, 130, 131, 132
alexandra, daughter of hyrcanus ii	Eckhardt (2011), Jewish Identity and Politics Between the Maccabees and Bar Kokhba: Groups, Normativity, and Rituals. 127, 128, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153
alexandra, dreams, in greek and latin literature, lykophron	Renberg (2017), Where Dreams May Come: Incubation Sanctuaries in the Greco-Roman World, 304, 305
alexandra, euripides, and the	Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 99, 100, 115
alexandra, female author ofo	Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 120
alexandra, fire imagery	Pillinger (2019), Cassandra and the Poetics of Prophecy in Greek and Latin Literature, 121, 122, 123, 125, 126, 127, 130
alexandra, guard, character of	Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 107
alexandra, hasmonean	van Maaren (2022), The Boundaries of Jewishness in the Southern Levant 200 BCE–132 CE, 113
alexandra, homeric myth, and	Pillinger (2019), Cassandra and the Poetics of Prophecy in Greek and Latin Literature, 129
alexandra, kleeman	Penniman (2017), Raised on Christian Milk: Food and the Formation of the Soul in Early Christianity, 111
alexandra, lycophron	Keith and Myers (2023), Vergil and Elegy. 84, 85, 101, 102 Pillinger (2019), Cassandra and the Poetics of Prophecy in Greek and Latin Literature, 109, 110, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145
alexandra, lycophron, and alexandrian literary culture	Pillinger (2019), Cassandra and the Poetics of Prophecy in Greek and Latin Literature, 145
alexandra, lycophron, choral	Pillinger (2019), Cassandra and the Poetics of Prophecy in Greek and Latin Literature, 129, 130, 131, 132
alexandra, lycophron, internal voices	Pillinger (2019), Cassandra and the Poetics of Prophecy in Greek and Latin Literature, 128, 129
alexandra, lycophron, messenger structure	Pillinger (2019), Cassandra and the Poetics of Prophecy in Greek and Latin Literature, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 137, 138, 144
alexandra, lycophron, odysseus	Pillinger (2019), Cassandra and the Poetics of Prophecy in Greek and Latin Literature, 132, 133
alexandra, lycophron, provenance and date	Pillinger (2019), Cassandra and the Poetics of Prophecy in Greek and Latin Literature, 109, 110, 140
alexandra, lycophron, relationship to earlier tragedies	Pillinger (2019), Cassandra and the Poetics of Prophecy in Greek and Latin Literature, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127
alexandra, lycophron, sirens	Pillinger (2019), Cassandra and the Poetics of Prophecy in Greek and Latin Literature, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138
alexandra, metamorphoses	Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 110
alexandra, metre	Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 108, 115
alexandra, metre, tragedy, in the	Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 108, 115
alexandra, musical imagery in	Pillinger (2019), Cassandra and the Poetics of Prophecy in Greek and Latin Literature, 130, 131, 143
alexandra, nostoi	Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 108, 115
alexandra, of miletus	Bremmer (2008), Greek Religion and Culture, the Bible, and the Ancient Near East, 232
alexandra, priestess of demeter	Johnston (2008), Ancient Greek Divination, 89, 90, 158
alexandra, ptolemies	Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 118
alexandra, queen salome	Taylor (2012), The Essenes, the Scrolls, and the Dead Sea, 52, 233, 240
alexandra, salome	Eckhardt (2011), Jewish Identity and Politics Between the Maccabees and Bar Kokhba: Groups, Normativity, and Rituals. 132, 145 Levine Allison and Crossan (2006), The Historical Jesus in Context, 17 Roskovec and Hušek (2021), Interactions in Interpretation: The Pilgrimage of Meaning through Biblical Texts and Contexts, 34
alexandra, salome, queen	Monnickendam (2020), Jewish Law and Early Christian Identity: Betrothal, Marriage, and Infidelity in the Writings of Ephrem the Syrian, 30
alexandra, seleucids	Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 119
alexandra, shelamzion	Noam (2018), Shifting Images of the Hasmoneans: Second Temple Legends and Their Reception in Josephus and Rabbinic Literature, 10, 122, 137, 139, 140, 142, 143, 161, 162, 169
alexandra, shelamzion, mentioned in dss	Noam (2018), Shifting Images of the Hasmoneans: Second Temple Legends and Their Reception in Josephus and Rabbinic Literature, 139, 162
alexandra, shelamzion, mentioned in rabbinic literature	Noam (2018), Shifting Images of the Hasmoneans: Second Temple Legends and Their Reception in Josephus and Rabbinic Literature, 139, 140
alexandra, sirens song, musical imagery in	Pillinger (2019), Cassandra and the Poetics of Prophecy in Greek and Latin Literature, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138
alexandra, sophocles, and the	Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 100, 115
alexandra, trojan women, choral voices in	Pillinger (2019), Cassandra and the Poetics of Prophecy in Greek and Latin Literature, 78, 80, 81, 83, 84, 96, 97, 106
alexandra, tzetzes, commentary on	Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 109
alexandra, vocabulary	Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 109
alexandra, women as victims of male violence, in	Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 113
alexandra, ‘dark poem’	Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 108
alexandra, ‘internal geometry’	Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 115, 116
alexandra, ‘monodrama’	Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 107

List of validated texts:

6 validated results for "alexandra"

1. Euripides, Hippolytus, 1425-1426 (5th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Aeschylus, and the Alexandra • Alexandra • Alexandra, Tzetzes, commentary on • Alexandra, aetiology/allusions to cults in • Alexandra, and Catalogue poetry • Alexandra, and Herodotus • Alexandra, and epic • Alexandra, cult of • Alexandra, vocabulary

Found in books: Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 109; Lyons (1997), Gender and Immortality: Heroines in Ancient Greek Myth and Cult, 44

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1425 δώσω: κόραι γὰρ ἄζυγες γάμων πάρος'¹⁴²⁶ κόμας κεροῦνταί σοι, δι' αἰῶνος μακροῦ" '" None

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1425 for thee shall maids unwed before their marriage cut off their hair, thy harvest through the long roll of time of countless bitter tears. Yea, and for ever shall the virgin choir hymn thy sad memory,'¹⁴²⁶ for thee shall maids unwed before their marriage cut off their hair, thy harvest through the long roll of time of countless bitter tears. Yea, and for ever shall the virgin choir hymn thy sad memory, ' None

2. Hebrew Bible, Zechariah, 9.9 (5th cent. BCE - 4th cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Alexandri, R.

Found in books: Mokhtarian (2021), Rabbis, Sorcerers, Kings, and Priests: The Culture of the Talmud in Ancient Iran. 77; Ruzer (2020), Early Jewish Messianism in the New Testament: Reflections in the Dim Mirror, 178

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9.9 גִּילִי מְאֹד בַּת־צִיּוֹן הָרִיעִי בַּת יְרוּשָׁלִַם הִנֵּה מַלְכֵּךְ יָבוֹא לָךְ צַדִּיק וְנוֹשָׁע הוּא עָנִי וְרֹכֵב עַל־חֲמוֹר וְעַל־עַיִר בֶּן־אֲתֹנוֹת׃'' None

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9.9 Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Zion, Shout, O daughter of Jerusalem; Behold, thy king cometh unto thee, He is triumphant, and victorious, Lowly, and riding upon an ass, Even upon a colt the foal of an ass.'' None

3. None, None, nan (4th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Aeschylus, and the Alexandra • Alexandra • Alexandra (Lycophron) • Alexandra (Lycophron), Odysseus • Alexandra (Lycophron), Sirens • Alexandra (Lycophron), and Alexandrian literary culture • Alexandra (Lycophron), choral • Alexandra (Lycophron), internal voices • Alexandra (Lycophron), messenger structure • Alexandra (Lycophron), provenance and date • Alexandra (Lycophron), relationship to earlier tragedies • Alexandra, Guard, character of • Alexandra, aetiology/allusions to cults in • Alexandra, and Aeschylus • Alexandra, and Catalogue poetry • Alexandra, and Herodotus • Alexandra, and Rome • Alexandra, and Timaeus, the historian • Alexandra, and history/historiography • Alexandra, and laments for the fall of cities • Alexandra, and the Sibylline Oracles • Alexandra, and the hymn • Alexandra, and the ‘Oracle of the Potter’ • Alexandra, and tragedy • Alexandra, metamorphoses • Alexandra, metre • Alexandra, nostoi • Alexandra, women as victims of male violence, in • Alexandra, ‘dark poem’ • Alexandra, ‘internal geometry’ • Alexandra, ‘monodrama’ • Dreams (in Greek and Latin literature), Lykophron, Alexandra • Euripides, and the Alexandra • Homeric myth, and Alexandra • Lycophron, Alexandra • Sophocles, and the Alexandra • characters, tragic/mythical, Cassandra (Alexandra) • choral voices in Alexandra • fire imagery, Alexandra • metre, tragedy, in the Alexandra • musical imagery in Alexandra • musical imagery in Alexandra, Sirens song

Found in books: Keith and Myers (2023), Vergil and Elegy. 102; Liapis and Petrides (2019), Greek Tragedy After the Fifth Century: A Survey from ca, 107, 108, 110, 113, 114, 115; Pillinger (2019), Cassandra and the Poetics of Prophecy in Greek and Latin Literature, 109, 110, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145; Renberg (2017), Where Dreams May Come: Incubation Sanctuaries in the Greco-Roman World, 304, 305

4. Hebrew Bible, Daniel, 7.13 (2nd cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE)
Tagged with subjects: • Alexandri, R.

Found in books: Mokhtarian (2021), Rabbis, Sorcerers, Kings, and Priests: The Culture of the Talmud in Ancient Iran. 77; Ruzer (2020), Early Jewish Messianism in the New Testament: Reflections in the Dim Mirror, 178

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7.13 חָזֵה הֲוֵית בְּחֶזְוֵי לֵילְיָא וַאֲרוּ עִם־עֲנָנֵי שְׁמַיָּא כְּבַר אֱנָשׁ אָתֵה הֲוָה וְעַד־עַתִּיק יוֹמַיָּא מְטָה וּקְדָמוֹהִי הַקְרְבוּהִי׃'' None

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7.13 I saw in the night visions, And, behold, there came with the clouds of heaven One like unto a son of man, And he came even to the Ancient of days, And he was brought near before Him.'' None

5. Josephus Flavius, Jewish Antiquities, 13.405, 13.408-13.409, 15.50, 15.53-15.56, 17.173-17.176 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Alexandra (Hasmonean) • Alexandra (Shelamzion) • Alexandra (Shelamzion), mentioned in DSS • Alexandra (Shelamzion), mentioned in rabbinic literature • Alexandra, Queen Salome • Alexandra, daughter of Hyrcanus II • Alexandra-Salome

Found in books: Eckhardt (2011), Jewish Identity and Politics Between the Maccabees and Bar Kokhba: Groups, Normativity, and Rituals. 141, 143; Noam (2018), Shifting Images of the Hasmoneans: Second Temple Legends and Their Reception in Josephus and Rabbinic Literature, 139, 140, 162; Taylor (2012), The Essenes, the Scrolls, and the Dead Sea, 52, 233; Tomson (2019), Studies on Jews and Christians in the First and Second Centuries. 537; van Maaren (2022), The Boundaries of Jewishness in the Southern Levant 200 BCE–132 CE, 113

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13.405 ̔Η δὲ ̓Αλεξάνδρα τὸ φρούριον ἐξελοῦσα κατὰ τὰς τοῦ: ἀνδρὸς ὑποθήκας τοῖς τε Φαρισαίοις διελέχθη καὶ πάντα ἐπ' ἐκείνοις θεμένη τά τε περὶ τοῦ νεκροῦ καὶ τῆς βασιλείας, τῆς μὲν ὀργῆς αὐτοὺς τῆς πρὸς ̓Αλέξανδρον ἔπαυσεν, εὔνους δ' ἐποίησεν καὶ φίλους." ^13.408 ̔Η δὲ ἀρχιερέα μὲν ἀπεδείκνυεν ̔Υρκανὸν διὰ τὴν ἡλικίαν, πολὺ μέντοι πλέον διὰ τὸ ἄπραγμον αὐτοῦ, καὶ πάντα τοῖς Φαρισαίοις ἐπέτρεπεν ποιεῖν, οἷς καὶ τὸ πλῆθος ἐκέλευσεν πειθαρχεῖν καὶ εἴ τι δὲ καὶ τῶν νομίμων ̔Υρκανὸς ὁ πενθερὸς αὐτῆς κατέλυσεν ὧν εἰσήνεγκαν οἱ Φαρισαῖοι κατὰ τὴν πατρῴαν παράδοσιν, τοῦτο πάλιν ἀποκατέστησεν. ^13.409 τὸ μὲν οὖν ὄνομα τῆς βασιλείας εἶχεν αὐτή, τὴν δὲ δύναμιν οἱ Φαρισαῖοι: καὶ γὰρ φυγάδας οὗτοι κατῆγον καὶ δεσμώτας ἔλυον καὶ καθάπαξ οὐδὲν δεσποτῶν διέφερον. ἐποιεῖτο μέντοι καὶ ἡ γυνὴ τῆς βασιλείας πρόνοιαν, καὶ πολὺ μισθοφορικὸν συνίστησιν, καὶ τὴν ἰδίαν δύναμιν ἀπέδειξεν διπλασίονα, ὡς καταπλῆξαι τοὺς πέριξ τυράννους καὶ λαβεῖν ὅμηρα αὐτῶν. ^15.53 ἐπὶ τούτοις ἅπασιν ̔Ηρώδης ἔγνω τὴν προαίρεσιν, ἣν εἶχεν εἰς τὸ μειράκιον, ἐξεργάσασθαι. καὶ τῆς ἑορτῆς παρελθούσης εἱστιᾶτο μὲν ἐν ̔Ιεριχοῦντι δεχομένης αὐτοὺς τῆς ̓Αλεξάνδρας, φιλοφρονούμενος δὲ τὸ μειράκιον καὶ προέλκων εἰς ἀδεῆ πότον ἕτοιμος ἦν συμπαίζειν καὶ νεανιεύεσθαι κεχαρισμένως ἐκείνῳ. ^15.54 τοῦ δὲ περὶ τὸν τόπον ἰδιώματος θερινωτέρου τυγχάνοντος συνειλεγμένοι τάχιον ἐξῆλθον ἀλύοντες, καὶ ταῖς κολυμβήθραις ἐπιστάντες, αἳ μεγάλαι περὶ τὴν αὐλὴν ἐτύγχανον, ἀνέψυχον τὸ θερμότατον τῆς μεσημβρίας. ^15.55 καὶ πρῶτον μὲν ἑώρων τοὺς νέοντας τῶν οἰκετῶν καὶ φίλων, ἔπειτα προαχθέντος καὶ τοῦ μειρακίου τῷ καὶ τὸν ̔Ηρώδην παροξῦναι, τῶν φίλων οἷς ταῦτα ἐπιτέτακτο σκότους ἐπέχοντος βαροῦντες ἀεὶ καὶ βαπτίζοντες ὡς ἐν παιδιᾷ νηχόμενον οὐκ ἀνῆκαν, ἕως καὶ παντάπασιν ἀποπνῖξαι.' "^15.56 καὶ διεφθάρη μὲν οὕτως ̓Αριστόβουλος, ὀκτωκαίδεκα μὲν οὐ πάντα βιοὺς ἔτη, τὴν δ' ἱερωσύνην κατασχὼν ἐνιαυτόν, ἣν ̓Ανάνηλος ἐκομίσατο πάλιν." ^17.173 πολλὰ δὲ καὶ τοῖς ἡγεμόσιν αὐτῶν καὶ φίλοις τοῖς αὐτοῦ ἐδωρεῖτο. καὶ παρῆν αὖθις ἐπὶ ̔Ιεριχοῦντος μέλαινά τε αὐτὸν ᾕρει χολὴ ἐπὶ πᾶσιν ἐξαγριαίνουσα, ὥστε δὴ τελευτῶν πρᾶξιν τοιάνδε ἐπινοεῖ: ^17.174 ἀφικομένων προστάγματι τῷ αὐτοῦ ̓Ιουδαίων ἀνδρῶν παντὸς τοῦ ἔθνους ὁποίποτε ἀξιολόγων: πολλοὶ δὲ ἐγένοντο ὡς τοῦ παντὸς ἔθνους κατακεκλημένου καὶ πάντων ἀκροασαμένων τοῦ διατάγματος, εἰς γὰρ θάνατον ἦν ἀνακείμενα τοῖς ἀλογήσασι τῶν ἐπιστολῶν ἐμμαινομένου πᾶσιν τοῦ βασιλέως ὁμοίως τοῖς τε ἀναιτίοις καὶ παρεσχηκόσιν αἰτίαν: ^17.175 συγκλείσας αὐτοὺς πάντας ἐν τῷ ἱπποδρόμῳ τήν τε ἀδελφὴν αὐτοῦ Σαλώμην καὶ τὸν ἄνδρα αὐτῆς ̓Αλεξᾶν μεταπέμψας τεθνήξεσθαι μὲν οὐ πόρρω ἔλεγεν ἐπὶ τοσόνδε τῶν ἀλγηδόνων αὐτὸν περιεπουσῶν: καὶ τόδε μὲν οἰστόν τε καὶ πᾶσι φίλον παρατυγχάνειν, τὸ δὲ ὀλοφυρμῶν τε ἄπορον καὶ πένθους ἐνδεᾶ ὁποῖον ἐπὶ βασιλεῖ πράσσοιτο ἂν μάλιστα αὐτῷ λυπηρὸν εἶναι:' "^17.176 οὐ γὰρ ἀποσκοποῦν τὴν ̓Ιουδαίων διάνοιαν, ὡς εὐκτὸς αὐτοῖς καὶ πάνυ κεχαρισμένος ὁ θάνατος αὐτοῦ διὰ τὸ καὶ ζῶντος ἐπὶ ἀποστάσει ἐπείγεσθαι καὶ ὕβρει τῶν ὑπ' αὐτοῦ προτιθεμένων:" " None

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13.405 1. So Alexandra, when she had taken the fortress, acted as her husband had suggested to her, and spake to the Pharisees, and put all things into their power, both as to the dead body, and as to the affairs of the kingdom, and thereby pacified their anger against Alexander, and made them bear goodwill and friendship to him; ^13.408 2. So she made Hyrcanus high priest, because he was the elder, but much more because he cared not to meddle with politics, and permitted the Pharisees to do every thing; to whom also she ordered the multitude to be obedient. She also restored again those practices which the Pharisees had introduced, according to the traditions of their forefathers, and which her father-in-law, Hyrcanus, had abrogated. ^13.409 So she had indeed the name of the regent, but the Pharisees had the authority; for it was they who restored such as had been banished, and set such as were prisoners at liberty, and, to say all at once, they differed in nothing from lords. However, the queen also took care of the affairs of the kingdom, and got together a great body of mercenary soldiers, and increased her own army to such a degree, that she became terrible to the neighboring tyrants, and took hostages of them: ^15.53 Upon all this, Herod resolved to complete what he had intended against the young man. When therefore the festival was over, and he was feasting at Jericho with Alexandra, who entertained them there, he was then very pleasant with the young man, and drew him into a lonely place, and at the same time played with him in a juvenile and ludicrous manner. ^15.54 Now the nature of that place was hotter than ordinary; so they went out in a body, and of a sudden, and in a vein of madness; and as they stood by the fish-ponds, of which there were large ones about the house, they went to cool themselves by bathing, because it was in the midst of a hot day. ^15.55 At first they were only spectators of Herod’s servants and acquaintance as they were swimming; but after a while, the young man, at the instigation of Herod, went into the water among them, while such of Herod’s acquaintance, as he had appointed to do it, dipped him as he was swimming, and plunged him under water, in the dark of the evening, as if it had been done in sport only; nor did they desist till he was entirely suffocated. ^15.56 And thus was Aristobulus murdered, having lived no more in all than eighteen years, and kept the high priesthood one year only; which high priesthood Aelus now recovered again. ^17.173 and he also gave a great deal to their commanders, and to his friends, and came again to Jericho, where he grew so choleric, that it brought him to do all things like a madman; and though he were near his death, he contrived the following wicked designs. ^17.174 He commanded that all the principal men of the entire Jewish nation, wheresoever they lived, should be called to him. Accordingly, they were a great number that came, because the whole nation was called, and all men heard of this call, and death was the penalty of such as should despise the epistles that were sent to call them. And now the king was in a wild rage against them all, the innocent as well as those that had afforded ground for accusations; ^17.175 and when they were come, he ordered them to be all shut up in the hyppodrome, and sent for his sister Salome, and her husband Alexas, and spake thus to them: “I shall die in a little time, so great are my pains; which death ought to be cheerfully borne, and to be welcomed by all men; but what principally troubles me is this, that I shall die without being lamented, and without such mourning as men usually expect at a king’s death.” ^17.176 For that he was not unacquainted with the temper of the Jews, that his death would be a thing very desirable, and exceedingly acceptable to them, because during his lifetime they were ready to revolt from him, and to abuse the donations he had dedicated to God' ' None

6. Josephus Flavius, Jewish War, 1.105, 1.437, 1.659 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE)
Tagged with subjects: • Alexandra (Hasmonean) • Alexandra (Shelamzion) • Alexandra (Shelamzion), mentioned in rabbinic literature • Alexandra, Queen Salome • Alexandra, daughter of Hyrcanus II

Found in books: Eckhardt (2011), Jewish Identity and Politics Between the Maccabees and Bar Kokhba: Groups, Normativity, and Rituals. 140, 143; Noam (2018), Shifting Images of the Hasmoneans: Second Temple Legends and Their Reception in Josephus and Rabbinic Literature, 140; Taylor (2012), The Essenes, the Scrolls, and the Dead Sea, 233; van Maaren (2022), The Boundaries of Jewishness in the Southern Levant 200 BCE–132 CE, 113

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1.105 καταστρέφεται δὲ καὶ Γαυλάνην καὶ Σελεύκειαν καὶ τὴν ̓Αντιόχου φάραγγα καλουμένην, πρὸς οἷς Γάμαλα φρούριον καρτερὸν ἑλών, τὸν ἄρχοντα Δημήτριον ἐν αὐτῷ παραλύσας ἐκ πολλῶν ἐγκλημάτων ἐπάνεισιν εἰς ̓Ιουδαίαν, τρία πληρώσας ἔτη τῆς στρατείας. ἀσμένως δ' ὑπὸ τοῦ ἔθνους ἐδέχθη διὰ τὴν εὐπραγίαν, καὶ λαμβάνει τὴν ἀνάπαυσιν τοῦ πολεμεῖν ἀρχὴν νόσου." "^1.437 ἔχουσα δὲ τὴν μὲν ἀπέχθειαν ἐκ τῶν πραγμάτων εὔλογον, τὴν δὲ παρρησίαν ἐκ τοῦ φιλεῖσθαι, φανερῶς ὠνείδιζεν αὐτῷ τὰ κατὰ τὸν πάππον ̔Υρκανὸν καὶ τὸν ἀδελφὸν ̓Ιωνάθην: οὐδὲ γὰρ τούτου καίπερ ὄντος παιδὸς ἐφείσατο, δοὺς μὲν αὐτῷ τὴν ἀρχιερωσύνην ἑπτακαιδεκαέτει, μετὰ δὲ τὴν τιμὴν κτείνας εὐθέως, ἐπειδὴ τὴν ἱερὰν ἐσθῆτα λαβόντι καὶ τῷ βωμῷ προσελθόντι καθ' ἑορτὴν ἄθρουν ἐπεδάκρυσεν τὸ πλῆθος. πέμπεται μὲν οὖν ὁ παῖς διὰ νυκτὸς εἰς ̔Ιεριχοῦντα, ἐκεῖ δὲ κατ' ἐντολὴν ὑπὸ τῶν Γαλατῶν βαπτιζόμενος ἐν κολυμβήθρᾳ τελευτᾷ." "^1.659 Αὐτὸς δὲ ὑποστρέφων εἰς ̔Ιεριχοῦντα παραγίνεται μελαγχολῶν ἤδη, καὶ μόνον οὐκ ἀπειλῶν αὐτῷ τῷ θανάτῳ προέκοπτεν εἰς ἐπιβολὴν ἀθεμίτου πράξεως: τοὺς γὰρ ἀφ' ἑκάστης κώμης ἐπισήμους ἄνδρας ἐξ ὅλης ̓Ιουδαίας συναγαγὼν εἰς τὸν καλούμενον ἱππόδρομον ἐκέλευσεν συγκλεῖσαι."" None

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1.105 He also demolished Golan, and Seleucia, and what was called the Valley of Antiochus; besides which, he took the strong fortress of Gamala, and stripped Demetrius, who was governor therein, of what he had, on account of the many crimes laid to his charge, and then returned into Judea, after he had been three whole years in this expedition. And now he was kindly received of the nation, because of the good success he had. So when he was at rest from war, he fell into a distemper; ^1.437 She had indeed but too just a cause of indignation from what he had done, while her boldness proceeded from his affection to her; so she openly reproached him with what he had done to her grandfather Hyrcanus, and to her brother Aristobulus; for he had not spared this Aristobulus, though he were but a child; for when he had given him the high priesthood at the age of seventeen, he slew him quickly after he had conferred that dignity upon him; but when Aristobulus had put on the holy vestments, and had approached to the altar at a festival, the multitude, in great crowds, fell into tears; whereupon the child was sent by night to Jericho, and was there dipped by the Galls, at Herod’s command, in a pool till he was drowned. ^1.659 6. He then returned back and came to Jericho, in such a melancholy state of body as almost threatened him with present death, when he proceeded to attempt a horrid wickedness; for he got together the most illustrious men of the whole Jewish nation, out of every village, into a place called the Hippodrome, and there shut them in.'' None

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