1. Hebrew Bible, Leviticus, 18.20, 20.2, 20.10, 20.27, 24.14-24.16 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •adultery, death penalty Found in books: Monnickendam (2020) 176| 20.2. "וְאֶל־בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל תֹּאמַר אִישׁ אִישׁ מִבְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וּמִן־הַגֵּר הַגָּר בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל אֲשֶׁר יִתֵּן מִזַּרְעוֹ לַמֹּלֶךְ מוֹת יוּמָת עַם הָאָרֶץ יִרְגְּמֻהוּ בָאָבֶן׃", 20.2. "וְאִישׁ אֲשֶׁר יִשְׁכַּב אֶת־דֹּדָתוֹ עֶרְוַת דֹּדוֹ גִּלָּה חֶטְאָם יִשָּׂאוּ עֲרִירִים יָמֻתוּ׃", 20.27. "וְאִישׁ אוֹ־אִשָּׁה כִּי־יִהְיֶה בָהֶם אוֹב אוֹ יִדְּעֹנִי מוֹת יוּמָתוּ בָּאֶבֶן יִרְגְּמוּ אֹתָם דְּמֵיהֶם בָּם׃", 24.14. "הוֹצֵא אֶת־הַמְקַלֵּל אֶל־מִחוּץ לַמַּחֲנֶה וְסָמְכוּ כָל־הַשֹּׁמְעִים אֶת־יְדֵיהֶם עַל־רֹאשׁוֹ וְרָגְמוּ אֹתוֹ כָּל־הָעֵדָה׃", 24.15. "וְאֶל־בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל תְּדַבֵּר לֵאמֹר אִישׁ אִישׁ כִּי־יְקַלֵּל אֱלֹהָיו וְנָשָׂא חֶטְאוֹ׃", 24.16. "וְנֹקֵב שֵׁם־יְהוָה מוֹת יוּמָת רָגוֹם יִרְגְּמוּ־בוֹ כָּל־הָעֵדָה כַּגֵּר כָּאֶזְרָח בְּנָקְבוֹ־שֵׁם יוּמָת׃", | 18.20. "And thou shalt not lie carnally with thy neighbour’s wife, to defile thyself with her.", 20.2. "Moreover, thou shalt say to the children of Israel: Whosoever he be of the children of Israel, or of the strangers that sojourn in Israel, that giveth of his seed unto Molech; he shall surely be put to death; the people of the land shall stone him with stones.", 20.10. "And the man that committeth adultery with another man’s wife, even he that committeth adultery with his neighbour’s wife, both the adulterer and the adulteress shall surely be put to death.", 20.27. "A man also or a woman that divineth by a ghost or a familiar spirit, shall surely be put to death; they shall stone them with stones; their blood shall be upon them.", 24.14. "’Bring forth him that hath cursed without the camp; and let all that heard him lay their hands upon his head, and let all the congregation stone him.", 24.15. "And thou shalt speak unto the children of Israel, saying: Whosoever curseth his God shall bear his sin.", 24.16. "And he that blasphemeth the name of the LORD, he shall surely be put to death; all the congregation shall certainly stone him; as well the stranger, as the home-born, when he blasphemeth the Name, shall be put to death.", |
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2. Hebrew Bible, Numbers, 5.11-5.31, 15.35-15.36 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •adultery, death penalty Found in books: Monnickendam (2020) 176| 5.11. "וַיְדַבֵּר יְהוָה אֶל־מֹשֶׁה לֵּאמֹר׃", 5.12. "דַּבֵּר אֶל־בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וְאָמַרְתָּ אֲלֵהֶם אִישׁ אִישׁ כִּי־תִשְׂטֶה אִשְׁתּוֹ וּמָעֲלָה בוֹ מָעַל׃", 5.13. "וְשָׁכַב אִישׁ אֹתָהּ שִׁכְבַת־זֶרַע וְנֶעְלַם מֵעֵינֵי אִישָׁהּ וְנִסְתְּרָה וְהִיא נִטְמָאָה וְעֵד אֵין בָּהּ וְהִוא לֹא נִתְפָּשָׂה׃", 5.14. "וְעָבַר עָלָיו רוּחַ־קִנְאָה וְקִנֵּא אֶת־אִשְׁתּוֹ וְהִוא נִטְמָאָה אוֹ־עָבַר עָלָיו רוּחַ־קִנְאָה וְקִנֵּא אֶת־אִשְׁתּוֹ וְהִיא לֹא נִטְמָאָה׃", 5.15. "וְהֵבִיא הָאִישׁ אֶת־אִשְׁתּוֹ אֶל־הַכֹּהֵן וְהֵבִיא אֶת־קָרְבָּנָהּ עָלֶיהָ עֲשִׂירִת הָאֵיפָה קֶמַח שְׂעֹרִים לֹא־יִצֹק עָלָיו שֶׁמֶן וְלֹא־יִתֵּן עָלָיו לְבֹנָה כִּי־מִנְחַת קְנָאֹת הוּא מִנְחַת זִכָּרוֹן מַזְכֶּרֶת עָוֺן׃", 5.16. "וְהִקְרִיב אֹתָהּ הַכֹּהֵן וְהֶעֱמִדָהּ לִפְנֵי יְהוָה׃", 5.17. "וְלָקַח הַכֹּהֵן מַיִם קְדֹשִׁים בִּכְלִי־חָרֶשׂ וּמִן־הֶעָפָר אֲשֶׁר יִהְיֶה בְּקַרְקַע הַמִּשְׁכָּן יִקַּח הַכֹּהֵן וְנָתַן אֶל־הַמָּיִם׃", 5.18. "וְהֶעֱמִיד הַכֹּהֵן אֶת־הָאִשָּׁה לִפְנֵי יְהוָה וּפָרַע אֶת־רֹאשׁ הָאִשָּׁה וְנָתַן עַל־כַּפֶּיהָ אֵת מִנְחַת הַזִּכָּרוֹן מִנְחַת קְנָאֹת הִוא וּבְיַד הַכֹּהֵן יִהְיוּ מֵי הַמָּרִים הַמְאָרֲרִים׃", 5.19. "וְהִשְׁבִּיעַ אֹתָהּ הַכֹּהֵן וְאָמַר אֶל־הָאִשָּׁה אִם־לֹא שָׁכַב אִישׁ אֹתָךְ וְאִם־לֹא שָׂטִית טֻמְאָה תַּחַת אִישֵׁךְ הִנָּקִי מִמֵּי הַמָּרִים הַמְאָרֲרִים הָאֵלֶּה׃", 5.21. "וְהִשְׁבִּיעַ הַכֹּהֵן אֶת־הָאִשָּׁה בִּשְׁבֻעַת הָאָלָה וְאָמַר הַכֹּהֵן לָאִשָּׁה יִתֵּן יְהוָה אוֹתָךְ לְאָלָה וְלִשְׁבֻעָה בְּתוֹךְ עַמֵּךְ בְּתֵת יְהוָה אֶת־יְרֵכֵךְ נֹפֶלֶת וְאֶת־בִּטְנֵךְ צָבָה׃", 5.22. "וּבָאוּ הַמַּיִם הַמְאָרְרִים הָאֵלֶּה בְּמֵעַיִךְ לַצְבּוֹת בֶּטֶן וְלַנְפִּל יָרֵךְ וְאָמְרָה הָאִשָּׁה אָמֵן אָמֵן׃", 5.23. "וְכָתַב אֶת־הָאָלֹת הָאֵלֶּה הַכֹּהֵן בַּסֵּפֶר וּמָחָה אֶל־מֵי הַמָּרִים׃", 5.24. "וְהִשְׁקָה אֶת־הָאִשָּׁה אֶת־מֵי הַמָּרִים הַמְאָרֲרִים וּבָאוּ בָהּ הַמַּיִם הַמְאָרֲרִים לְמָרִים׃", 5.25. "וְלָקַח הַכֹּהֵן מִיַּד הָאִשָּׁה אֵת מִנְחַת הַקְּנָאֹת וְהֵנִיף אֶת־הַמִּנְחָה לִפְנֵי יְהוָה וְהִקְרִיב אֹתָהּ אֶל־הַמִּזְבֵּחַ׃", 5.26. "וְקָמַץ הַכֹּהֵן מִן־הַמִּנְחָה אֶת־אַזְכָּרָתָהּ וְהִקְטִיר הַמִּזְבֵּחָה וְאַחַר יַשְׁקֶה אֶת־הָאִשָּׁה אֶת־הַמָּיִם׃", 5.27. "וְהִשְׁקָהּ אֶת־הַמַּיִם וְהָיְתָה אִם־נִטְמְאָה וַתִּמְעֹל מַעַל בְּאִישָׁהּ וּבָאוּ בָהּ הַמַּיִם הַמְאָרֲרִים לְמָרִים וְצָבְתָה בִטְנָהּ וְנָפְלָה יְרֵכָהּ וְהָיְתָה הָאִשָּׁה לְאָלָה בְּקֶרֶב עַמָּהּ׃", 5.28. "וְאִם־לֹא נִטְמְאָה הָאִשָּׁה וּטְהֹרָה הִוא וְנִקְּתָה וְנִזְרְעָה זָרַע׃", 5.29. "זֹאת תּוֹרַת הַקְּנָאֹת אֲשֶׁר תִּשְׂטֶה אִשָּׁה תַּחַת אִישָׁהּ וְנִטְמָאָה׃", 5.31. "וְנִקָּה הָאִישׁ מֵעָוֺן וְהָאִשָּׁה הַהִוא תִּשָּׂא אֶת־עֲוֺנָהּ׃", 15.35. "וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוָה אֶל־מֹשֶׁה מוֹת יוּמַת הָאִישׁ רָגוֹם אֹתוֹ בָאֲבָנִים כָּל־הָעֵדָה מִחוּץ לַמַּחֲנֶה׃", 15.36. "וַיֹּצִיאוּ אֹתוֹ כָּל־הָעֵדָה אֶל־מִחוּץ לַמַּחֲנֶה וַיִּרְגְּמוּ אֹתוֹ בָּאֲבָנִים וַיָּמֹת כַּאֲשֶׁר צִוָּה יְהוָה אֶת־מֹשֶׁה׃", | 5.11. "And the LORD spoke unto Moses, saying:", 5.12. "Speak unto the children of Israel, and say unto them: If any man’s wife go aside, and act unfaithfully against him,", 5.13. "and a man lie with her carnally, and it be hid from the eyes of her husband, she being defiled secretly, and there be no witness against her, neither she be taken in the act;", 5.14. "and the spirit of jealousy come upon him, and he warned his wife, and she be defiled; or if the spirit of jealousy come upon him, and he warned his wife, and she be not defiled;", 5.15. "then shall the man bring his wife unto the priest, and shall bring her offering for her, the tenth part of an ephah of barley meal; he shall pour no oil upon it, nor put frankincense thereon; for it is a meal-offering of jealousy, a meal-offering of memorial, bringing iniquity to remembrance.", 5.16. "And the priest shall bring her near, and set her before the LORD.", 5.17. "And the priest shall take holy water in an earthen vessel; and of the dust that is on the floor of the tabernacle the priest shall take, and put it into the water.", 5.18. "And the priest shall set the woman before the LORD, and let the hair of the woman’s head go loose, and put the meal-offering of memorial in her hands, which is the meal-offering of jealousy; and the priest shall have in his hand the water of bitterness that causeth the curse.", 5.19. "And the priest shall cause her to swear, and shall say unto the woman: ‘If no man have lain with thee, and if thou hast not gone aside to uncleanness, being under thy husband, be thou free from this water of bitterness that causeth the curse;", 5.20. "but if thou hast gone aside, being under thy husband, and if thou be defiled, and some man have lain with thee besides thy husband—", 5.21. "then the priest shall cause the woman to swear with the oath of cursing, and the priest shall say unto the woman—the LORD make thee a curse and an oath among thy people, when the LORD doth make thy thigh to fall away, and thy belly to swell;", 5.22. "and this water that causeth the curse shall go into thy bowels, and make thy belly to swell, and thy thigh to fall away’; and the woman shall say: ‘Amen, Amen.’", 5.23. "And the priest shall write these curses in a scroll, and he shall blot them out into the water of bitterness.", 5.24. "And he shall make the woman drink the water of bitterness that causeth the curse; and the water that causeth the curse shall enter into her and become bitter.", 5.25. "And the priest shall take the meal-offering of jealousy out of the woman’s hand, and shall wave the meal-offering before the LORD, and bring it unto the altar.", 5.26. "And the priest shall take a handful of the meal-offering, as the memorial-part thereof, and make it smoke upon the altar, and afterward shall make the woman drink the water.", 5.27. "And when he hath made her drink the water, then it shall come to pass, if she be defiled, and have acted unfaithfully against her husband, that the water that causeth the curse shall enter into her and become bitter, and her belly shall swell, and her thigh shall fall away; and the woman shall be a curse among her people.", 5.28. "And if the woman be not defiled, but be clean; then she shall be cleared, and shall conceive seed.", 5.29. "This is the law of jealousy, when a wife, being under her husband, goeth aside, and is defiled;", 5.30. "or when the spirit of jealousy cometh upon a man, and he be jealous over his wife; then shall he set the woman before the LORD, and the priest shall execute upon her all this law.", 5.31. "And the man shall be clear from iniquity, and that woman shall bear her iniquity.", 15.35. "And the LORD said unto Moses: ‘The man shall surely be put to death; all the congregation shall stone him with stones without the camp.’", 15.36. "And all the congregation brought him without the camp, and stoned him with stones, and he died, as the LORD commanded Moses.", |
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3. Hebrew Bible, Deuteronomy, 13.10-13.11, 17.5, 17.7, 19.20, 21.21, 22.13-22.24 (9th cent. BCE - 3rd cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •adultery, death penalty Found in books: Monnickendam (2020) 176, 177, 194| 13.11. "וּסְקַלְתּוֹ בָאֲבָנִים וָמֵת כִּי בִקֵּשׁ לְהַדִּיחֲךָ מֵעַל יְהוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ הַמּוֹצִיאֲךָ מֵאֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם מִבֵּית עֲבָדִים׃", 17.5. "וְהוֹצֵאתָ אֶת־הָאִישׁ הַהוּא אוֹ אֶת־הָאִשָּׁה הַהִוא אֲשֶׁר עָשׂוּ אֶת־הַדָּבָר הָרָע הַזֶּה אֶל־שְׁעָרֶיךָ אֶת־הָאִישׁ אוֹ אֶת־הָאִשָּׁה וּסְקַלְתָּם בָּאֲבָנִים וָמֵתוּ׃", 17.7. "יַד הָעֵדִים תִּהְיֶה־בּוֹ בָרִאשֹׁנָה לַהֲמִיתוֹ וְיַד כָּל־הָעָם בָּאַחֲרֹנָה וּבִעַרְתָּ הָרָע מִקִּרְבֶּךָ׃", 21.21. "וּרְגָמֻהוּ כָּל־אַנְשֵׁי עִירוֹ בָאֲבָנִים וָמֵת וּבִעַרְתָּ הָרָע מִקִּרְבֶּךָ וְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵל יִשְׁמְעוּ וְיִרָאוּ׃", 22.13. "כִּי־יִקַּח אִישׁ אִשָּׁה וּבָא אֵלֶיהָ וּשְׂנֵאָהּ׃", 22.14. "וְשָׂם לָהּ עֲלִילֹת דְּבָרִים וְהוֹצִיא עָלֶיהָ שֵׁם רָע וְאָמַר אֶת־הָאִשָּׁה הַזֹּאת לָקַחְתִּי וָאֶקְרַב אֵלֶיהָ וְלֹא־מָצָאתִי לָהּ בְּתוּלִים׃", 22.15. "וְלָקַח אֲבִי הנער [הַנַּעֲרָה] וְאִמָּהּ וְהוֹצִיאוּ אֶת־בְּתוּלֵי הנער [הַנַּעֲרָה] אֶל־זִקְנֵי הָעִיר הַשָּׁעְרָה׃", 22.16. "וְאָמַר אֲבִי הנער [הַנַּעַרָה] אֶל־הַזְּקֵנִים אֶת־בִּתִּי נָתַתִּי לָאִישׁ הַזֶּה לְאִשָּׁה וַיִּשְׂנָאֶהָ׃", 22.17. "וְהִנֵּה־הוּא שָׂם עֲלִילֹת דְּבָרִים לֵאמֹר לֹא־מָצָאתִי לְבִתְּךָ בְּתוּלִים וְאֵלֶּה בְּתוּלֵי בִתִּי וּפָרְשׂוּ הַשִּׂמְלָה לִפְנֵי זִקְנֵי הָעִיר׃", 22.18. "וְלָקְחוּ זִקְנֵי הָעִיר־הַהִוא אֶת־הָאִישׁ וְיִסְּרוּ אֹתוֹ׃", 22.19. "וְעָנְשׁוּ אֹתוֹ מֵאָה כֶסֶף וְנָתְנוּ לַאֲבִי הַנַּעֲרָה כִּי הוֹצִיא שֵׁם רָע עַל בְּתוּלַת יִשְׂרָאֵל וְלוֹ־תִהְיֶה לְאִשָּׁה לֹא־יוּכַל לְשַּׁלְּחָהּ כָּל־יָמָיו׃", 22.21. "וְהוֹצִיאוּ אֶת־הנער [הַנַּעֲרָה] אֶל־פֶּתַח בֵּית־אָבִיהָ וּסְקָלוּהָ אַנְשֵׁי עִירָהּ בָּאֲבָנִים וָמֵתָה כִּי־עָשְׂתָה נְבָלָה בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל לִזְנוֹת בֵּית אָבִיהָ וּבִעַרְתָּ הָרָע מִקִּרְבֶּךָ׃", 22.22. "כִּי־יִמָּצֵא אִישׁ שֹׁכֵב עִם־אִשָּׁה בְעֻלַת־בַּעַל וּמֵתוּ גַּם־שְׁנֵיהֶם הָאִישׁ הַשֹּׁכֵב עִם־הָאִשָּׁה וְהָאִשָּׁה וּבִעַרְתָּ הָרָע מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל׃", 22.23. "כִּי יִהְיֶה נער [נַעֲרָה] בְתוּלָה מְאֹרָשָׂה לְאִישׁ וּמְצָאָהּ אִישׁ בָּעִיר וְשָׁכַב עִמָּהּ׃", 22.24. "וְהוֹצֵאתֶם אֶת־שְׁנֵיהֶם אֶל־שַׁעַר הָעִיר הַהִוא וּסְקַלְתֶּם אֹתָם בָּאֲבָנִים וָמֵתוּ אֶת־הנער [הַנַּעֲרָה] עַל־דְּבַר אֲשֶׁר לֹא־צָעֲקָה בָעִיר וְאֶת־הָאִישׁ עַל־דְּבַר אֲשֶׁר־עִנָּה אֶת־אֵשֶׁת רֵעֵהוּ וּבִעַרְתָּ הָרָע מִקִּרְבֶּךָ׃", | 13.10. "but thou shalt surely kill him; thy hand shall be first upon him to put him to death, and afterwards the hand of all the people.", 13.11. "And thou shalt stone him with stones, that he die; because he hath sought to draw thee away from the LORD thy God, who brought thee out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage.", 17.5. "then shalt thou bring forth that man or that woman, who have done this evil thing, unto thy gates, even the man or the woman; and thou shalt stone them with stones, that they die.", 17.7. "The hand of the witnesses shall be first upon him to put him to death, and afterward the hand of all the people. So thou shalt put away the evil from the midst of thee.", 19.20. "And those that remain shall hear, and fear, and shall henceforth commit no more any such evil in the midst of thee.", 21.21. "And all the men of his city shall stone him with stones, that he die; so shalt thou put away the evil from the midst of thee; and all Israel shall hear, and fear.", 22.13. "If any man take a wife, and go in unto her, and hate her,", 22.14. "and lay wanton charges against her, and bring up an evil name upon her, and say: ‘I took this woman, and when I came nigh to her, I found not in her the tokens of virginity’;", 22.15. "then shall the father of the damsel, and her mother, take and bring forth the tokens of the damsel’s virginity unto the elders of the city in the gate.", 22.16. "And the damsel’s father shall say unto the elders: ‘I gave my daughter unto this man to wife, and he hateth her;", 22.17. "and, lo, he hath laid wanton charges, saying: I found not in thy daughter the tokens of virginity; and yet these are the tokens of my daughter’s virginity.’ And they shall spread the garment before the elders of the city.", 22.18. "And the elders of that city shall take the man and chastise him.", 22.19. "And they shall fine him a hundred shekels of silver, and give them unto the father of the damsel, because he hath brought up an evil name upon a virgin of Israel; and she shall be his wife; he may not put her away all his days.", 22.20. "But if this thing be true, that the tokens of virginity were not found in the damsel;", 22.21. "then they shall bring out the damsel to the door of her father’s house, and the men of her city shall stone her with stones that she die; because she hath wrought a wanton deed in Israel, to play the harlot in her father’s house; so shalt thou put away the evil from the midst of thee.", 22.22. "If a man be found lying with a woman married to a husband, then they shall both of them die, the man that lay with the woman, and the woman; so shalt thou put away the evil from Israel.", 22.23. "If there be a damsel that is a virgin betrothed unto a man, and a man find her in the city, and lie with her;", 22.24. "then ye shall bring them both out unto the gate of that city, and ye shall stone them with stones that they die: the damsel, because she cried not, being in the city; and the man, because he hath humbled his neighbour’s wife; so thou shalt put away the evil from the midst of thee.", |
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4. Hebrew Bible, Joshua, 7.21 (8th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •adultery, death penalty Found in books: Monnickendam (2020) 176| 7.21. "ואראה [וָאֵרֶא] בַשָּׁלָל אַדֶּרֶת שִׁנְעָר אַחַת טוֹבָה וּמָאתַיִם שְׁקָלִים כֶּסֶף וּלְשׁוֹן זָהָב אֶחָד חֲמִשִּׁים שְׁקָלִים מִשְׁקָלוֹ וָאֶחְמְדֵם וָאֶקָּחֵם וְהִנָּם טְמוּנִים בָּאָרֶץ בְּתוֹךְ הָאָהֳלִי וְהַכֶּסֶף תַּחְתֶּיהָ׃", | 7.21. "When I saw among the spoil a goodly Shinar mantle, and two hundred shekels of silver, and a wedge of gold of fifty shekels weight, then I coveted them, and took them; and, behold, they are hid in the earth in the midst of my tent, and the silver under it.’", |
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5. Hebrew Bible, 1 Kings, 21.10-21.13 (8th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •adultery, death penalty Found in books: Monnickendam (2020) 176| 21.11. "וַיַּעֲשׂוּ אַנְשֵׁי עִירוֹ הַזְּקֵנִים וְהַחֹרִים אֲשֶׁר הַיֹּשְׁבִים בְּעִירוֹ כַּאֲשֶׁר שָׁלְחָה אֲלֵיהֶם אִיזָבֶל כַּאֲשֶׁר כָּתוּב בַּסְּפָרִים אֲשֶׁר שָׁלְחָה אֲלֵיהֶם׃", 21.12. "קָרְאוּ צוֹם וְהֹשִׁיבוּ אֶת־נָבוֹת בְּרֹאשׁ הָעָם׃", 21.13. "וַיָּבֹאוּ שְׁנֵי הָאֲנָשִׁים בְּנֵי־בְלִיַּעַל וַיֵּשְׁבוּ נֶגְדּוֹ וַיְעִדֻהוּ אַנְשֵׁי הַבְּלִיַּעַל אֶת־נָבוֹת נֶגֶד הָעָם לֵאמֹר בֵּרַךְ נָבוֹת אֱלֹהִים וָמֶלֶךְ וַיֹּצִאֻהוּ מִחוּץ לָעִיר וַיִּסְקְלֻהוּ בָאֲבָנִים וַיָּמֹת׃", | 21.10. "and set two men, base fellows, before him, and let them bear witness against him, saying: Thou didst curse God and the king. And then carry him out, and stone him, that he die.’", 21.11. "And the men of his city, even the elders and the nobles who dwelt in his city, did as Jezebel had sent unto them, according as it was written in the letters which she had sent unto them.", 21.12. "They proclaimed a fast, and set Naboth at the head of the people.", 21.13. "And the two men, the base fellows, came in and sat before him; and the base fellows bore witness against him, even against Naboth, in the presence of the people, saying: ‘Naboth did curse God and the king.’ Then they carried him forth out of the city, and stoned him with stones, that he died.", |
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6. Hebrew Bible, Ezekiel, 16.40-16.41 (6th cent. BCE - 5th cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •adultery, death penalty Found in books: Monnickendam (2020) 176| 16.41. "וְשָׂרְפוּ בָתַּיִךְ בָּאֵשׁ וְעָשׂוּ־בָךְ שְׁפָטִים לְעֵינֵי נָשִׁים רַבּוֹת וְהִשְׁבַּתִּיךְ מִזּוֹנָה וְגַם־אֶתְנַן לֹא תִתְּנִי־עוֹד׃", | 16.40. "They shall also bring up an assembly against thee, and they shall stone thee with stones, and thrust thee through with their swords.", 16.41. "And they shall burn thy houses with fire, and execute judgments upon thee in the sight of many women; and I will cause thee to cease from playing the harlot, and thou shalt also give no hire any more.", |
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7. Anon., Jubilees, 33.3-33.4, 33.7-33.12, 34.15-34.16 (2nd cent. BCE - 2nd cent. BCE) Tagged with subjects: •adultery, death penalty Found in books: Monnickendam (2020) 124 | 33.3. And Reuben saw Bilhah, Rachel's maid, the concubine of his father, bathing in water in asecret place, and he loved her. br And he hid himself at night, and he entered the house of Bilhah [at night], and he found her sleeping alone on a bed in her house. 33.4. And he lay with her, and she awoke and saw, and behold Reuben was lying with her in the bed, and she uncovered the border of her covering and seized him, and cried out, 33.7. And Jacob did not approach her again because Reuben had defiled her. And as for any man who uncovereth his father's skirt. 33.8. his deed is wicked exceedingly, for he is abominable before the Lord. 33.9. For this reason it is written and ordained on the heavenly tables that a man should not lie with his father's wife, and should not uncover his father's skirt, for this is unclean: 33.10. they shall surely die together, the man who lieth with his father's wife and the woman also, for they have wrought uncleanness on the earth. 33.11. And there shall be nothing unclean before our God in the nation which He hath chosen for Himself as a possession. 33.12. And again, it is written a second time: "Cursed he be who lieth with the wife of his father, for he hath uncovered his father's shame"; and all the holy ones of the Lord said "So be it; so be it." 34.15. And the sons of Jacob slaughtered a kid, and dipped the coat of Joseph in the blood, and sent (it) to Jacob their father on the tenth of the seventh month. 34.16. And he mourned all that night, for they had brought it to him in the evening, and he became feverish with mourning for his death, and he said: "An evil beast hath devoured Joseph"; |
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| 8. Anon., Testament of Reuben, 3.11-3.15 (2nd cent. BCE - 2nd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •adultery, death penalty Found in books: Monnickendam (2020) 124 |
| 9. Dead Sea Scrolls, Temple Scroll, 55.6 (2nd cent. BCE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •adultery, death penalty Found in books: Monnickendam (2020) 194 |
10. New Testament, Acts, 7.58-7.59 (1st cent. CE - 2nd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •adultery, death penalty Found in books: Monnickendam (2020) 176| 7.58. καὶ ἐκβαλόντες ἔξω τῆς πόλεως ἐλιθοβόλουν. καὶ οἱ μάρτυρες ἀπέθεντο τὰ ἱμάτια αὐτῶν παρὰ τοὺς πόδας νεανίου καλουμένου Σαύλου. 7.59. καὶ ἐλιθοβόλουν τὸν Στέφανον ἐπικαλούμενον καὶ λέγοντα Κύριε Ἰησοῦ, δέξαι τὸ πνεῦμά μου· | 7.58. They threw him out of the city, and stoned him. The witnesses placed their garments at the feet of a young man named Saul. 7.59. They stoned Stephen as he called out, saying, "Lord Jesus, receive my Spirit!" |
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11. New Testament, John, 8.5 (1st cent. CE - 1st cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •adultery, death penalty Found in books: Monnickendam (2020) 177| 8.5. ἐν δὲ τῷ νόμῳ [ἡμῖν] Μωυσῆς ἐνετείλατο τὰς τοιαύτας λιθάζειν· σὺ οὖν τί λέγεις; | 8.5. Now in our law, Moses commanded us to stone such. What then do you say about her?" |
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12. Mishnah, Sanhedrin, 6.4 (1st cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •adultery, death penalty Found in books: Monnickendam (2020) 194| 6.4. "בֵּית הַסְּקִילָה הָיָה גָבוֹהַּ שְׁתֵּי קוֹמוֹת. אֶחָד מִן הָעֵדִים דּוֹחֲפוֹ עַל מָתְנָיו. נֶהְפַּךְ עַל לִבּוֹ, הוֹפְכוֹ עַל מָתְנָיו. אִם מֵת בָּהּ, יָצָא. וְאִם לָאו, הַשֵּׁנִי נוֹטֵל אֶת הָאֶבֶן וְנוֹתְנָהּ עַל לִבּוֹ. אִם מֵת בָּהּ, יָצָא. וְאִם לָאו, רְגִימָתוֹ בְכָל יִשְׂרָאֵל, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (דברים יז) יַד הָעֵדִים תִּהְיֶה בּוֹ בָרִאשֹׁנָה לַהֲמִיתוֹ וְיַד כָּל הָעָם בָּאַחֲרֹנָה. כָּל הַנִּסְקָלִין נִתְלִין, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים, אֵינוֹ נִתְלֶה אֶלָּא הַמְגַדֵּף וְהָעוֹבֵד עֲבוֹדָה זָרָה. הָאִישׁ תּוֹלִין אוֹתוֹ פָּנָיו כְּלַפֵּי הָעָם, וְהָאִשָּׁה פָּנֶיהָ כְלַפֵּי הָעֵץ, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים, הָאִישׁ נִתְלֶה וְאֵין הָאִשָּׁה נִתְלֵית. אָמַר לָהֶן רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר, וַהֲלֹא שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן שָׁטָח תָּלָה נָשִׁים בְּאַשְׁקְלוֹן. אָמְרוּ לוֹ, שְׁמֹנִים נָשִׁים תָּלָה, וְאֵין דָּנִין שְׁנַיִם בְּיוֹם אֶחָד. כֵּיצַד תּוֹלִין אוֹתוֹ, מְשַׁקְּעִין אֶת הַקּוֹרָה בָאָרֶץ וְהָעֵץ יוֹצֵא מִמֶּנָּה, וּמַקִּיף שְׁתֵּי יָדָיו זוֹ עַל גַּבֵּי זוֹ וְתוֹלֶה אוֹתוֹ. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר, הַקּוֹרָה מֻטָּה עַל הַכֹּתֶל, וְתוֹלֶה אוֹתוֹ כְּדֶרֶךְ שֶׁהַטַּבָּחִין עוֹשִׂין. וּמַתִּירִין אוֹתוֹ מִיָּד. וְאִם לָן, עוֹבֵר עָלָיו בְּלֹא תַעֲשֶׂה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (דברים כא) לֹא תָלִין נִבְלָתוֹ עַל הָעֵץ כִּי קָבוֹר תִּקְבְּרֶנּוּ כִּי קִלְלַת אֱלֹהִים תָּלוּי וְגוֹ'. כְּלוֹמַר, מִפְּנֵי מָה זֶה תָלוּי, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁבֵּרַךְ אֶת הַשֵּׁם, וְנִמְצָא שֵׁם שָׁמַיִם מִתְחַלֵּל: \n", | 6.4. "The place of stoning was twice a man's height. One of the witnesses pushed him by the hips, [so that] he was overturned on his heart. He was then turned on his back. If that caused his death, he had fulfilled [his duty]; but if not, the second witness took a stone and threw it on his chest. If he died thereby, he had done [his duty]; but if not, he [the criminal] was stoned by all Israel, for it is says: “The hand of the witnesses shall be first upon him to put him to death, and afterwards the hand of all the people” (Deut. 17:7). All who are stoned are [afterwards] hanged, according to Rabbi Eliezer. But the sages say: “Only the blasphemer and the idolater are hanged.” A man is hanged with his face towards the spectators, but a woman with her face towards the gallows, according to Rabbi Eliezer. But the sages say: a man is hanged, but not a woman. Rabbi Eliezer said to them: “But did not Shimon ben Shetah hang women at ashkelon?” They said: “[On that occasion] he hanged eighty women, even though two must not be tried on the same day. How is he hanged? The post is sunk into the ground with a [cross-] piece branching off [at the top] and he brings his hands together one over the other and hangs him up [thereby]. R. Jose said: the post is leaned against the wall, and he hangs him up the way butchers do. He is immediately let down. If he is left [hanging] over night, a negative command is thereby transgressed, for it says, “You shall not let his corpse remain all night upon the tree, but you must bury him the same day because a hanged body is a curse against god” (Deut. 21:23). As if to say why was he hanged? because he cursed the name [of god]; and so the name of Heaven [God] is profaned.", |
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| 13. Anon., Sifre Numbers, 114 (2nd cent. CE - 4th cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •adultery, death penalty Found in books: Monnickendam (2020) 194 |
| 14. Irenaeus, Refutation of All Heresies, 9.9.4 (2nd cent. CE - 3rd cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •adultery, death penalty Found in books: Monnickendam (2020) 182 |
| 15. Anon., Sifre Deuteronomy, 151 (2nd cent. CE - 4th cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •adultery, death penalty Found in books: Monnickendam (2020) 194 |
16. Babylonian Talmud, Sanhedrin, None (3rd cent. CE - 6th cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Monnickendam (2020) 194| 33b. ואין מחזירין לחובה מחזירין לזכות זכות גרידתא ואין מחזירין לחובה לזכות שהיא חובה,חובתיה דמאן הא לא קשיא חובתיה דגואל הדם משום חובתיה דגואל הדם קטלינן ליה להאי ועוד מאי בין בין קשיא,רבינא אמר כגון שהיה לו בידו משכון ונטלו ממנו,טימא את הטהור דאגעי ביה שרץ טיהר את הטמא שעירבן בין פירותיו:,דיני נפשות כו': ת"ר מניין ליוצא מבית דין חייב ואמר אחד יש לי ללמד עליו זכות מניין שמחזירין אותו ת"ל (שמות כג, ז) נקי אל תהרג,ומניין ליוצא מב"ד זכאי ואמר אחד יש לי ללמד עליו חובה מניין שאין מחזירין אותו ת"ל (שמות כג, ז) צדיק אל תהרג,א"ר שימי בר אשי וחילופא למסית דכתיב (דברים יג, ט) לא תחמול ולא תכסה עליו רב כהנא מתני (דברים יג, י) מכי הרג תהרגנו,בעא מניה רבי זירא מרב ששת חייבי גליות (מניין) אתיא רוצח רוצח,חייבי מלקיות (מניין) אתיא רשע רשע,תניא נמי הכי חייבי גליות מניין אתיא רוצח רוצח חייבי מלקות מניין אתיא רשע רשע:,ואין מחזירין לחובה: אמר ר' חייא בר אבא אמר רבי יוחנן והוא שטעה בדבר שאין הצדוקין מודין בו אבל טעה בדבר שהצדוקין מודין בו זיל קרי בי רב הוא,בעא מיניה רבי חייא בר אבא מרבי יוחנן טעה בנואף ונואפת מהו א"ל אדמוקדך יקיד זיל קוץ קרך וצלי איתמר נמי א"ר אמי א"ר יוחנן טעה בנואף חוזר,אלא היכי דמי אין חוזרין א"ר אבהו אמר רבי יוחנן כגון שטעה שלא כדרכה:,דיני ממונות הכל כו': הכל ואפילו עדים נימא מתניתין ר' יוסי ברבי יהודה היא ולא רבנן,דתניא (במדבר לה, ל) ועד אחד לא יענה בנפש בין לזכות בין לחובה ר' יוסי בר' יהודה אומר עונה לזכות ואין עונה לחובה,אמר רב פפא באחד מן התלמידים ודברי הכל | 33b. b but /b they b do not bring /b him b back /b to be judged with a claim b to find /b him b liable. /b When the mishna says: The court b brings /b the accused b back to acquit /b him, this is b an acquittal alone /b and is not to anyone’s liability. When it says: b But /b they b do not bring /b him b back /b to be judged with a claim b to find /b him b liable, /b this is b an acquittal that is /b also b a liability. /b The court does not bring the accused back to acquit him if this entails a liability to another.,The Gemara clarifies: b A liability for whom? /b There is no other litigant in cases of capital law. The Gemara answers: b This /b is b not difficult, /b this is to b the liability, /b i.e., the detriment, b of the blood redeemer, /b as he desires that the murderer be killed, and he will no longer be allowed to kill him. The Gemara questions this explanation: Is it reasonable that b due to the liability of the blood redeemer, we kill this one /b and do not reverse the verdict to acquit him even when there is a reason to do so? b And further, what /b is the meaning of the term: b Whether /b with a claim to exempt the accused, or b whether /b with a claim to find him liable? It is clear that this is referring to two separate matters, not to two types of acquittal. The Gemara comments: This is b difficult. /b ,The Gemara cites another explanation of how one can find a judge giving the item from one to another with regard to the clause of: He exempts a liable party. b Ravina said: /b It is possible in a case b where /b the one who lodged the claim b had in his possession /b an item belonging to the other litigant that functioned as b collateral /b for a debt, b and /b when the judge issued a verdict in favor of the other he b took /b the collateral b from him, /b thereby physically transferring it to the wrong party.,In the case from the mishna in tractate i Bekhorot /i : He b ruled /b that b a pure /b item is b impure, /b how could he cause a loss with his own hands? It is b where /b he b had /b the litigant’s ritually pure item b touch a creeping animal /b to emphasize that he believes it was already impure, and he thereby imparted impurity to it. In that mishna’s case of: He b ruled /b that b an impure /b item is b pure, /b how could he cause a loss with his own hands? It is b where /b he b mixed /b this impure produce of the litigant’s b with /b the litigant’s ritually pure b produce, /b and he thereby caused all of the produce to be considered impure.,§ The mishna teaches that in cases of b capital law, /b the court brings the accused back to be judged again with a claim to acquit him, but does not bring him back to be judged with a claim to find him liable. To explain the terms “innocent” and “righteous” in the verse: “And the innocent and the righteous you shall not slay” (Exodus 23:7), b the Sages taught: From where /b is it derived b that /b with regard to one who is b leaving the court /b having been found b liable, and someone said: I have /b the ability b to teach /b a reason to b acquit him, from where /b is it derived b that /b the court b brings /b the accused b back /b to be judged again? b The verse states: The innocent you shall not slay, /b and the accused may in fact be innocent., b And from where /b is it derived b that /b with regard to one who is b leaving the court, /b having been b acquitted, and someone says: I have /b the ability b to teach /b a reason to find b him liable, from where /b is it derived b that /b the court b does not bring /b the accused b back /b to be judged again? b The verse states: “The righteous you shall not slay,” /b and the accused was found righteous in his trial., b Rav Shimi bar Ashi says: And the opposite of this /b is the i halakha /i b with regard to one who entices /b others to engage in idol worship, b as it is written /b concerning him: b “Neither shall you spare, neither shall you conceal him” /b (Deuteronomy 13:9). He is brought back to court to find him liable, but not to acquit him. b Rav Kahana teaches /b this last i halakha /i citing a different verse concerning the enticer: b “But you shall kill him [ i harog tahargennu /i ]” /b (Deuteronomy 13:10). The repetition of the verb indicates that he is killed even in circumstances where transgressors of other prohibitions would not be., b Rabbi Zeira asked Rav Sheshet: From where /b is it derived that the i halakha /i concerning b those liable /b to be b exiled /b to a city of refuge for killing unintentionally is the same with regard to retrying a court case as the i halakha /i concerning one who killed intentionally, who is found liable to receive court-imposed capital punishment? Rav Sheshet answered: It is b derived /b from a verbal analogy employing the term b “murderer” /b stated with regard to one who kills intentionally (see Numbers 35:16) and the term b “murderer” /b stated with regard to one who kills unintentionally (see Numbers 35:19).,Rabbi Zeira asked Rav Sheshet: b From where /b is it derived that the i halakha /i concerning b those liable /b to receive forty b lashes /b is the same with regard to retrying a court case as the i halakha /i concerning one who killed intentionally, who is found liable to receive court-imposed capital punishment? Rav Sheshet answered: It is b derived /b from a verbal analogy employing the term b “wicked” /b stated with regard to one who kills intentionally (see Numbers 35:31) and the term b “wicked” /b stated with regard to those liable to receive lashes (see Deuteronomy 25:2).,The Gemara comments: b This is also taught /b in a i baraita /i ( i Tosefta /i 7:3): b From where /b is it derived that the i halakha /i concerning b those liable /b to be b exiled /b for killing unintentionally is the same with regard to retrying a court case as the i halakha /i concerning one who killed intentionally, who is found liable to receive court-imposed capital punishment? It is b derived /b from a verbal analogy employing the term b “murderer” /b stated with regard to one who kills intentionally and the term b “murderer” /b stated with regard to one who kills unintentionally. b From where /b is it derived that the i halakha /i concerning b those liable /b to receive forty b lashes /b is the same with regard to retrying a court case as the i halakha /i concerning one who killed intentionally, who is found liable to receive court-imposed capital punishment? It is b derived /b from a verbal analogy employing the term b “wicked” /b stated with regard to one who kills intentionally and the term b “wicked” /b stated with regard to those liable to receive lashes.,§ The mishna teaches concerning cases of capital law: b But /b the court b does not bring /b him b back /b to be judged with a claim b to find /b him b liable. Rabbi Ḥiyya bar Abba says /b that b Rabbi Yoḥa says: And this /b is the i halakha /i only in a case b where /b the judge b erred with regard to a matter /b for b which the Sadducees do not admit to its /b validity, i.e., he erred in a matter learned from tradition or established by the Sages. b But /b if the judge b erred in a matter /b for b which the Sadducees admit to its /b validity, i.e., a matter that is written explicitly in the Torah, b it is /b a topic that you could b go learn in a children’s school, /b and such an error negates the verdict and is reversed., b Rabbi Ḥiyya bar Abba asked of Rabbi Yoḥa: What is /b the i halakha /i in the case of a judge who b erred with regard to /b the judgment of b an adulterer and adulteress, /b by ruling that only the man is liable but not the woman? Rabbi Yoḥa b said to him: While your fire is burning, cut your squash and roast it, /b i.e., seize the opportunity to add this case to the principle I taught you earlier. It b was also stated: Rabbi Ami says /b that b Rabbi Yoḥa says: /b Concerning a judge who b erred with regard to an adulterer, /b the court b revokes /b the verdict.,The Gemara asks: b Rather, what are the circumstances /b where the court b does not revoke /b the acquittal? b Rabbi Abbahu says /b that b Rabbi Yoḥa says: /b In a case b where he erred /b and acquitted the adulterer who engaged in sexual intercourse b in an atypical manner, /b i.e., anal intercourse. The i halakha /i that this is considered sexual intercourse is not explicit in a verse. Therefore, if a court acquits one so accused, the verdict is not revoked.,§ The mishna teaches that in cases of b monetary law, all /b those present at the trial may teach a reason to exempt a litigant or to find him liable. In cases of capital law, all those present at the trial may teach a reason to acquit the accused, but not all present may teach a reason to find him liable. The Gemara asks: In capital cases, may b all /b those present teach a reason to acquit, b and even witnesses? /b The Gemara suggests: b Let us say /b that b the mishna /b is in accordance with the opinion of b Rabbi Yosei, son of Rabbi Yehuda, and not /b in accordance with the opinion of b the Rabbis. /b ,The Gemara explains: b As it is taught /b in a i baraita /i : The verse states: b “But one witness shall not testify against any person /b that he die” (Numbers 35:30). A witness cannot state anything other than his testimony, b whether /b to provide a reason b to acquit /b the accused b or /b to provide a reason b to /b find him b liable; /b this is the opinion of the Rabbis. b Rabbi Yosei, son of Rabbi Yehuda, says: /b A witness b may answer /b to provide a reason b to acquit, but /b a witness b may not answer /b to provide a reason b to /b find the accused b liable. /b The mishna here seems to be in accordance with the minority opinion of Rabbi Yosei, son of Rabbi Yehuda., b Rav Pappa says: /b When the mishna refers to all those present at the trial, it is not referring to the witnesses but b to one of the students /b sitting before the court, b and /b therefore b all agree /b with the ruling of the mishna. |
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| 17. Ephrem, Commentary On Genesis, 16.10 (4th cent. CE - 4th cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •adultery, death penalty Found in books: Monnickendam (2020) 182 |
| 18. Aphrahat, Demonstrations, 8, 6 (4th cent. CE - 4th cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Monnickendam (2020) 124 |
| 19. John Chrysostom, De Virginitate, 1.2 (4th cent. CE - 5th cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •adultery, death penalty Found in books: Monnickendam (2020) 177 |
| 20. Justinian, Digest, 48.5.41, 48.5.23(22).4, 48.5.2.2, 48.5.2.7, 48.5.33(32), 48.5.4.1, 48.5.24(23), 48.5.2.3, 48.5.30(29).9, 48.5.2.5, 48.5.30(29), 48.5.2.4, 48.5.25(24).1, 48.5.2.6 (5th cent. CE - 6th cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Monnickendam (2020) 184 |
| 21. Jerome, Commentaria In Matthaeum (Commentaria In Evangelium S. Matthaei), 1.18 (5th cent. CE - 5th cent. CE) Tagged with subjects: •adultery, death penalty Found in books: Monnickendam (2020) 177 |
| 22. Jesubarnun, Code, 5, 79 Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Monnickendam (2020) 177 |
| 23. Severus of Minorca, Letters, 38, 45 Tagged with subjects: •nan Found in books: Monnickendam (2020) 177 |
| 24. Anon., Sifre Zuta Numbers, 35.19 Tagged with subjects: •adultery, death penalty Found in books: Monnickendam (2020) 194 |
| 25. Anon., Syro-Roman Lawbook, 60 Tagged with subjects: •adultery, death penalty Found in books: Monnickendam (2020) 182 |
| 26. Jesubocht, Code, 3.4 Tagged with subjects: •adultery, death penalty Found in books: Monnickendam (2020) 177 |
